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Gamez M, E Elhegni H, Fawaz S, Ho Ho K, W Campbell N, A Copland D, L Onions K, J Butler M, J Wasson E, Crompton M, D Ramnath R, Qiu Y, Yamaguchi Y, P Arkill K, O Bates D, E Turnbull J, V Zubkova O, I Welsh G, Atan D, C Satchell S, R Foster R. Correction: Heparanase inhibition as a systemic approach to protect the endothelial glycocalyx and prevent microvascular complications in diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:74. [PMID: 38378538 PMCID: PMC10880331 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Gamez
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK.
| | - Hesham E Elhegni
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Sarah Fawaz
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Kwan Ho Ho
- Department of Computer Science, Merchant Venturers Building, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK
| | - Neill W Campbell
- Department of Computer Science, Merchant Venturers Building, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK
| | - David A Copland
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Karen L Onions
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Matthew J Butler
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Wasson
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Michael Crompton
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Raina D Ramnath
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Yan Qiu
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Yu Yamaguchi
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, CA, La Jolla, 92037, USA
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - David O Bates
- School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jeremy E Turnbull
- Centre for Glycoscience, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Olga V Zubkova
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Rd, Lower Hutt, 5046, New Zealand
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Denize Atan
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol & Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2LX, UK
| | - Simon C Satchell
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Rebecca R Foster
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
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Myint KZ, Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Phimsen S, Sripramote S, Jantra J, Choeiphuk C, Mingphruedhi S, Muangkaew P, Rungsakulkij N, Tangtawee P, Suragul W, Farquharson WV, Wongprasert K, Chutipongtanate S, Sanvarinda P, Ponpuak M, Poungvarin N, Janvilisri T, Suthiphongchai T, Yacqub-Usman K, Grabowska AM, Bates DO, Tohtong R. Therapeutic Implications of Ceritinib in Cholangiocarcinoma beyond ALK Expression and Mutation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:197. [PMID: 38399413 PMCID: PMC10892566 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a difficult-to-treat cancer, with limited therapeutic options and surgery being the only curative treatment. Standard chemotherapy involves gemcitabine-based therapies combined with cisplatin, oxaliplatin, capecitabine, or 5-FU with a dismal prognosis for most patients. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are aberrantly expressed in CCAs encompassing potential therapeutic opportunity. Hence, 112 RTK inhibitors were screened in KKU-M213 cells, and ceritinib, an approved targeted therapy for ALK-fusion gene driven cancers, was the most potent candidate. Ceritinib's cytotoxicity in CCA was assessed using MTT and clonogenic assays, along with immunofluorescence, western blot, and qRT-PCR techniques to analyze gene expression and signaling changes. Furthermore, the drug interaction relationship between ceritinib and cisplatin was determined using a ZIP synergy score. Additionally, spheroid and xenograft models were employed to investigate the efficacy of ceritinib in vivo. Our study revealed that ceritinib effectively killed CCA cells at clinically relevant plasma concentrations, irrespective of ALK expression or mutation status. Ceritinib modulated multiple signaling pathways leading to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and activated both apoptosis and autophagy. Additionally, ceritinib and cisplatin synergistically reduced CCA cell viability. Our data show ceritinib as an effective treatment of CCA, which could be potentially explored in the other cancer types without ALK mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
| | - Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
| | - Suchada Phimsen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (S.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Supisara Sripramote
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Jeranan Jantra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Chaiwat Choeiphuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (S.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Somkit Mingphruedhi
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Paramin Muangkaew
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Narongsak Rungsakulkij
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Pongsatorn Tangtawee
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Wikran Suragul
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Watoo Vassanasiri Farquharson
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Pimtip Sanvarinda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Marisa Ponpuak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Naravat Poungvarin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Tuangporn Suthiphongchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (K.Y.-U.); (A.M.G.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Anna M. Grabowska
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (K.Y.-U.); (A.M.G.); (D.O.B.)
| | - David O. Bates
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (K.Y.-U.); (A.M.G.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
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Gamez M, Elhegni HE, Fawaz S, Ho KH, Campbell NW, Copland DA, Onions KL, Butler MJ, Wasson EJ, Crompton M, Ramnath RD, Qiu Y, Yamaguchi Y, Arkill KP, Bates DO, Turnbull JE, Zubkova OV, Welsh GI, Atan D, Satchell SC, Foster RR. Heparanase inhibition as a systemic approach to protect the endothelial glycocalyx and prevent microvascular complications in diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:50. [PMID: 38302978 PMCID: PMC10835837 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is detrimental to cardiovascular health, often leading to secondary microvascular complications, with huge global health implications. Therapeutic interventions that can be applied to multiple vascular beds are urgently needed. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are characterised by early microvascular permeability changes which, if left untreated, lead to visual impairment and renal failure, respectively. The heparan sulphate cleaving enzyme, heparanase, has previously been shown to contribute to diabetic microvascular complications, but the common underlying mechanism which results in microvascular dysfunction in conditions such as DR and DKD has not been determined. METHODS In this study, two mouse models of heparan sulphate depletion (enzymatic removal and genetic ablation by endothelial specific Exotosin-1 knock down) were utilized to investigate the impact of endothelial cell surface (i.e., endothelial glycocalyx) heparan sulphate loss on microvascular barrier function. Endothelial glycocalyx changes were measured using fluorescence microscopy or transmission electron microscopy. To measure the impact on barrier function, we used sodium fluorescein angiography in the eye and a glomerular albumin permeability assay in the kidney. A type 2 diabetic (T2D, db/db) mouse model was used to determine the therapeutic potential of preventing heparan sulphate damage using treatment with a novel heparanase inhibitor, OVZ/HS-1638. Endothelial glycocalyx changes were measured as above, and microvascular barrier function assessed by albumin extravasation in the eye and a glomerular permeability assay in the kidney. RESULTS In both models of heparan sulphate depletion, endothelial glycocalyx depth was reduced and retinal solute flux and glomerular albumin permeability was increased. T2D mice treated with OVZ/HS-1638 had improved endothelial glycocalyx measurements compared to vehicle treated T2D mice and were simultaneously protected from microvascular permeability changes associated with DR and DKD. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that endothelial glycocalyx heparan sulphate plays a common mechanistic role in microvascular barrier function in the eye and kidney. Protecting the endothelial glycocalyx damage in diabetes, using the novel heparanase inhibitor OVZ/HS-1638, effectively prevents microvascular permeability changes associated with DR and DKD, demonstrating a novel systemic approach to address diabetic microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Gamez
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom.
| | - Hesham E Elhegni
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Fawaz
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Kwan Ho Ho
- Department of Computer Science, Merchant Venturers Building, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Neill W Campbell
- Department of Computer Science, Merchant Venturers Building, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - David A Copland
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Karen L Onions
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Butler
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Wasson
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Crompton
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Raina D Ramnath
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Qiu
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Yamaguchi
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy E Turnbull
- Centre for Glycoscience, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Olga V Zubkova
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Rd, Lower Hutt, 5046, New Zealand
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Denize Atan
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
- Bristol Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol & Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2LX, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Satchell
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca R Foster
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
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Duangdara J, Boonsri B, Sayinta A, Supradit K, Thintharua P, Kumkate S, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Larbcharoensub N, Mingphruedhi S, Rungsakulkij N, Muangkaew P, Tangtawee P, Vassanasiri W, Suragul W, Janvilisri T, Tohtong R, Bates DO, Wongprasert K. CP-673451, a Selective Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis in Opisthorchis viverrini-Associated Cholangiocarcinoma via Nrf2 Suppression and Enhanced ROS. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:9. [PMID: 38275995 PMCID: PMC10821224 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs) play essential roles in promoting cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell survival by mediating paracrine crosstalk between tumor and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), indicating the potential of PDGFR as a target for CCA treatment. Clinical trials evaluating PDGFR inhibitors for CCA treatment have shown limited efficacy. Furthermore, little is known about the role of PDGF/PDGFR expression and the mechanism underlying PDGFR inhibitors in CCA related to Opisthorchis viverrini (OV). Therefore, we examined the effect of PDGFR inhibitors in OV-related CCA cells and investigated the molecular mechanism involved. We found that the PDGF and PDGFR mRNAs were overexpressed in CCA tissues compared to resection margins. Notably, PDGFR-α showed high expression in CCA cells, while PDGFR-β was predominantly expressed in CAFs. The selective inhibitor CP-673451 induced CCA cell death by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway, leading to a decreased expression of Nrf2-targeted antioxidant genes. Consequently, this led to an increase in ROS levels and the promotion of CCA apoptosis. CP-673451 is a promising PDGFR-targeted drug for CCA and supports the further clinical investigation of CP-673451 for CCA treatment, particularly in the context of OV-related cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchutha Duangdara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Boonyakorn Boonsri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Apinya Sayinta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Division of Basic and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Pathumthani University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - Kittiya Supradit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Thintharua
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute (CNMI), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chinnawut Suriyonplengsaeng
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Noppadol Larbcharoensub
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Somkit Mingphruedhi
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Narongsak Rungsakulkij
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Paramin Muangkaew
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Pongsatorn Tangtawee
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Watoo Vassanasiri
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Wikran Suragul
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - David O. Bates
- Centre for Cancer Sciences, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
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Myint KZ, Sueca-Comes M, Collier P, Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Gordan J, Zaitoun AM, Mukherjee A, Arora A, Larbcharoensub N, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Wongprasert K, Janvilisri T, Gomez D, Grabowska AM, Tohtong R, Bates DO, Yacqub-Usman K. Preclinical evidence for anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors as novel therapeutic treatments for cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1184900. [PMID: 38144528 PMCID: PMC10748508 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1184900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) has a poor prognosis for patients, and despite recent advances in targeted therapies for other cancer types, it is still treated with standard chemotherapy. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has been shown to be a primary driver of disease progression in lung cancer, and ALK inhibitors are effective therapeutics in aberrant ALK-expressing tumors. Aberrant ALK expression has been documented in CCA, but the use of ALK inhibitors has not been investigated. Using CCA cell lines and close-to-patient primary cholangiocarcinoma cells, we investigated the potential for ALK inhibitors in CCA. Methods ALK, cMET, and ROS1 expression was determined in CCA patient tissue by immunohistochemistry and digital droplet polymerase chain reaction, and that in cell lines was determined by immunoblot and immunofluorescence. The effect on cell viability and mechanism of action of ALK, cMet, and ROS1 inhibitors was determined in CCA cell lines. To determine whether ceritinib could affect primary CCA cells, tissue was taken from four patients with biliary tract cancer, without ALK rearrangement, mutation, or overexpression, and grown in three-dimensional tumor growth assays in the presence or absence of humanized mesenchymal cells. Results ALK and cMet but not ROS were both upregulated in CCA tissues and cell lines. Cell survival was inhibited by crizotinib, a c-met/ALK/ROS inhibitor. To determine the mechanism of this effect, we tested c-Met-specific and ALK/ROS-specific inhibitors, capmatinib and ceritinib, respectively. Whereas capmatinib did not affect cell survival, ceritinib dose-dependently inhibited survival in all cell lines, with IC50 ranging from 1 to 9 µM and co-treatments with gemcitabine and cisplatin further sensitized cells, with IC50 ranging from IC50 0.60 to 2.32 µM. Ceritinib did not inhibit cMet phosphorylation but did inhibit ALK phosphorylation. ALK was not mutated in any of these cell lines. Only ceritinib inhibited 3D growth of all four patient samples below mean peak serum concentration, in the presence and absence of mesenchymal cells, whereas crizotinib and capmatinib failed to do this. Ceritinib appeared to exert its effect more through autophagy than apoptosis. Discussion These results indicate that ceritinib or other ALK/ROS inhibitors could be therapeutically useful in cholangiocarcinoma even in the absence of aberrant ALK/ROS1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mireia Sueca-Comes
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Collier
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John Gordan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Abed M. Zaitoun
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham Universities National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abhik Mukherjee
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham Universities National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Arvind Arora
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nottingham Universities National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Noppadol Larbcharoensub
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dhanny Gomez
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, and National Institute of Health Care Research (NIHR) Nottingham Digestive Disease Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna M. Grabowska
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Wahid M, Pratoomthai B, Egbuniwe IU, Evans HR, Babaei-Jadidi R, Amartey JO, Erdelyi V, Yacqub-Usman K, Jackson AM, Morris JC, Patel PM, Bates DO. Targeting alternative splicing as a new cancer immunotherapy-phosphorylation of serine arginine-rich splicing factor (SRSF1) by SR protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) regulates alternative splicing of PD1 to generate a soluble antagonistic isoform that prevents T cell exhaustion. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4001-4014. [PMID: 37973660 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03534-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulation of alternative splicing is a new therapeutic approach in cancer. The programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) is an immunoinhibitory receptor expressed on immune cells that binds to its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2 expressed by cancer cells forming a dominant immune checkpoint pathway in the tumour microenvironment. Targeting this pathway using blocking antibodies (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) is the mainstay of anti-cancer immunotherapies, restoring the function of exhausted T cells. PD-1 is alternatively spliced to form isoforms that are either transmembrane signalling receptors (flPD1) that mediate T cell death by binding to the ligand, PD-L1 or an alternatively spliced, soluble, variant that lacks the transmembrane domain. METHODS We used PCR and western blotting on primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and Jurkat T cells, IL-2 ELISA, flow cytometry, co-culture of melanoma and cholangiocarcinoma cells, and bioinformatics analysis and molecular cloning to examine the mechanism of splicing of PD1 and its consequence. RESULTS The soluble form of PD-1, generated by skipping exon 3 (∆Ex3PD1), was endogenously expressed in PBMCs and T cells and prevents cancer cell-mediated T cell repression. Multiple binding sites of SRSF1 are adjacent to PD-1 exon 3 splicing sites. Overexpression of phosphomimic SRSF1 resulted in preferential expression of flPD1. Inhibition of SRSF1 phosphorylation both by SRPK1 shRNA knockdown and by a selective inhibitor, SPHINX31, resulted in a switch in splicing to ∆Ex3PD1. Cholangiocarcinoma cell-mediated repression of T cell IL-2 expression was reversed by SPHINX31 (equivalent to pembrolizumab). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that switching of the splicing decision from flPD1 to ∆Ex3PD1 by targeting SRPK1 could represent a potential novel mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibition in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mussarat Wahid
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Benjamart Pratoomthai
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, 681 Samsen Road, Dusit, 10300, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Isioma U Egbuniwe
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Hannah R Evans
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Roya Babaei-Jadidi
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Jason O Amartey
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Viola Erdelyi
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Andrew M Jackson
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Poulam M Patel
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK.
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.
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7
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Portelli MA, Bhaker S, Pang V, Bates DO, Johnson SR, Mazar AP, Shaw D, Brightling C, Sayers I. Elevated PLAUR is observed in the airway epithelium of asthma patients and blocking improves barrier integrity. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12293. [PMID: 37876037 PMCID: PMC10542610 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is elevated in the airway epithelium in asthma; however, the contribution of uPAR to asthma pathogenesis and scope for therapeutic targeting remains unknown. OBJECTIVES To determine (i) the expression profile of uPAR in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) from asthma patients, (ii) the relationship between uPAR and the epithelial barrier, including blocking uPAR functions and (iii) the function of different uPAR isoforms. METHODS uPAR levels in HBECs isolated from asthma patients and cells at air liquid interface (ALI) during differentiation were quantified. Transepithelial electrical resistance or electrical cell impedance sensing was used to relate uPAR levels to barrier properties, including effects of uPAR blocking antibodies. The functional effects of gain of function was determined using transcriptomics, in cells over-expressing membrane (muPAR), soluble cleaved (scuPAR) or soluble spliced (ssuPAR) isoforms. RESULTS Elevated expression of uPAR was a feature of cultured HBECs from asthma patients, suggesting intrinsic alterations in asthma patient cells. Soluble uPAR levels inversely correlated with barrier properties of the HBEC layer in 2D and ALI. Blocking uPAR-integrin interactions enhanced barrier formation. The gain of function cells showed limited transcriptomic changes. CONCLUSION This study provides a significant advance in our understanding of the relationship between asthma, uPAR and the epithelial barrier, where elevated circulating uPAR results in a reduced cell barrier, a phenotype prevalent in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Portelli
- Centre for Respiratory ResearchNIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Sangita Bhaker
- Centre for Respiratory ResearchNIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Vincent Pang
- Tumour Vascular Biology GroupBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - David O. Bates
- Tumour Vascular Biology GroupBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Simon R. Johnson
- Centre for Respiratory ResearchNIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Andrew P. Mazar
- Department of PharmacologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Dominick Shaw
- Centre for Respiratory ResearchNIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Christopher Brightling
- Department of Respiratory MedicineUniversity of LeicesterUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicesterUK
| | - Ian Sayers
- Centre for Respiratory ResearchNIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity ParkUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Alalwany RH, Hawtrey T, Morgan K, Morris JC, Donaldson LF, Bates DO. Vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms differentially protect neurons against neurotoxic events associated with Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1181626. [PMID: 37456522 PMCID: PMC10349181 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1181626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, the chronic and progressive deterioration of memory and cognitive abilities. AD can be pathologically characterised by neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, formed by the aberrant aggregation of β-amyloid and tau proteins, respectively. We tested the hypothesis that VEGF isoforms VEGF-A165a and VEGF-A165b, produced by differential splice site selection in exon 8, could differentially protect neurons from neurotoxicities induced by β-amyloid and tau proteins, and that controlling expression of splicing factor kinase activity could have protective effects on AD-related neurotoxicity in vitro. Using oxidative stress, β-amyloid, and tau hyperphosphorylation models, we investigated the effect of VEGF-A splicing isoforms, previously established to be neurotrophic agents, as well as small molecule kinase inhibitors, which selectively inhibit SRPK1, the major regulator of VEGF splicing. While both VEGF-A165a and VEGF-A165b isoforms were protective against AD-related neurotoxicity, measured by increased metabolic activity and neurite outgrowth, VEGF-A165a was able to enhance neurite outgrowth but VEGF-A165b did not. In contrast, VEGF-A165b was more effective than VEGF-A165a in preventing neurite "dieback" in a tau hyperphosphorylation model. SRPK1 inhibition was found to significantly protect against neurite "dieback" through shifting AS of VEGFA towards the VEGF-A165b isoform. These results indicate that controlling the activities of the two different isoforms could have therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease, but their effect may depend on the predominant mechanism of the neurotoxicity-tau or β-amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa H. Alalwany
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Hawtrey
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kevin Morgan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C. Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lucy F. Donaldson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David O. Bates
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Pan African Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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9
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Lobo MEDV, Bates DO, Arkill KP, Hulse RP. Measurement of solute permeability in the mouse spinal cord. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 393:109880. [PMID: 37178727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory perception and motor dexterity is coordinated by the spinal cord, which remains effective due to maintenance of neuronal homeostasis. This is stringently controlled by the blood spinal cord barrier. Therefore, the function of the spinal cord is susceptible to alterations in the microvessel integrity (e.g. vascular leakage) and/or perfusion (e.g. changes in blood flow). NEW METHOD Spinal cord solute permeability was measured in anaesthetised mice. The lumbar spinal cord vertebra were stabilised and a coverslip secured to allow fluorescent tracers of vascular function and anatomy to be visualised in the vascular network. Fluorescence microscopy allowed real time measurements of vascular leakage and capillary perfusion within the spinal cord. RESULTS Capillaries were identified through fluorescent labelling of the endothelial luminal glycocalyx (wheat germ agglutin 555). Real time estimation of vascular permeability through visualisation of sodium fluorescein transport was recorded from identified microvessels in the lumbar dorsal horn of the spinal cord. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) Current approaches have used histological and/or tracer based in-vivo assays alongside cell culture to determine endothelium integrity and/or function. These only provide a snapshot of the developing vasculopathy, restricting the understanding of physiological function or disease progression over time. CONCLUSIONS These techniques allow for direct visualisation of cellular and/or mechanistic influences upon vascular function and integrity, which can be applied to rodent models including disease, transgenic and/or viral approaches. This combination of attributes allows for real time understanding of the function of the vascular network within the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Elisa Da Vitoria Lobo
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH; Centre of Membrane and Protein and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH
| | - Richard Philip Hulse
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS.
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10
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Balasubramanian B, Yacqub-Usman K, Venkatraman S, Myint KZ, Juengsamarn J, Sarkhampee P, Lertsawatvicha N, Sripa J, Kuakpaetoon T, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Wongprasert K, Grabowska AM, Bates DO, Janvilisri T, Tohtong R. Targeting FGFRs Using PD173074 as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092528. [PMID: 37173994 PMCID: PMC10177182 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an architecturally complex tumour with high heterogeneity. Discovery at later stages makes treatment challenging. However, the lack of early detection methodologies and the asymptomatic nature of CCA make early diagnosis more difficult. Recent studies revealed the fusions in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs), a sub-family of RTKs, as promising targets for targeted therapy for CCA. Particularly, FGFR2 fusions have been of particular interest, as translocations have been found in approximately 13% of CCA patients. Pursuing this, Pemigatinib, a small-molecule inhibitor of FGFR, became the first targeted therapy drug to be granted accelerated approval by the FDA for treating CCA patients harbouring FGFR2 fusions who have failed first-line chemotherapy. However, despite the availability of Pemigatinib, a very limited group of patients benefit from this treatment. Moreover, as the underlying mechanism of FGFR signalling is poorly elucidated in CCA, therapeutic inhibitors designed to inhibit this pathway are prone to primary and acquired resistance, as witnessed amongst other Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs). While acknowledging the limited cohort that benefits from FGFR inhibitors, and the poorly elucidated mechanism of the FGFR pathway, we sought to characterise the potential of FGFR inhibitors in CCA patients without FGFR2 fusions. Here we demonstrate aberrant FGFR expression in CCA samples using bioinformatics and further confirm phosphorylated-FGFR expression in paraffinised CCA tissues using immunohistochemistry. Our results highlight p-FGFR as a biomarker to guide FGFR-targeted therapies. Furthermore, CCA cell lines with FGFR expression were sensitive to a selective pan-FGFR inhibitor, PD173074, suggesting that this drug can be used to suppress CCA cells irrespective of the FGFR2 fusions. Finally, the correlation analysis utilising publicly available cohorts suggested the possibility of crosstalk amongst the FGFR and EGFR family of receptors as they are significantly co-expressed. Accordingly, dual inhibition of FGFRs and EGFR by PD173074 and EGFR inhibitor erlotinib was synergistic in CCA. Hence, the findings from this study provide support for further clinical investigation of PD173074, as well as other FGFR inhibitors, to benefit a larger cohort of patients. Altogether, this study shows for the first time the potential of FGFRs and the importance of dual inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Balasubramanian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jitlada Juengsamarn
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
| | - Poowanai Sarkhampee
- General Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Sanpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
| | - Nithi Lertsawatvicha
- General Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Sanpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
| | - Jittiyawadee Sripa
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
| | - Thiti Kuakpaetoon
- Department of Pathology, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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11
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Marva G, Ünsal S, Benest AV, Bates DO, Ordóñez-Morán P. Novel Approach to Measure Transepithelial Electrical Resistance in Intestinal Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2650:35-42. [PMID: 37310621 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3076-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The technique electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) can be used to detect and monitor the behavior of intestinal cells. The methodology presented was designed to achieve results within a short time frame, and it was tailored to use a colonic cancer cell line. Differentiation of intestinal cancer cells has previously been reported to be regulated by retinoic acid (RA). Here, colonic cancer cells were cultured in the ECIS array before being treated with RA, and any changes in response to RA were monitored after treatment. The ECIS recorded changes in impedance in response to the treatment and vehicle. This methodology poses as a novel way to record the behavior of colonic cells and opens new avenues for in vitro research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurveer Marva
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute-3, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Seyda Ünsal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute-3, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute-3, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paloma Ordóñez-Morán
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute-3, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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12
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Da Vitoria Lobo ME, Weir N, Hardowar L, Al Ojaimi Y, Madden R, Gibson A, Bestall SM, Hirashima M, Schaffer CB, Donaldson LF, Bates DO, Hulse RP. Hypoxia-induced carbonic anhydrase mediated dorsal horn neuron activation and induction of neuropathic pain. Pain 2022; 163:2264-2279. [PMID: 35353768 PMCID: PMC9578530 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neuropathic pain, such as that seen in diabetes mellitus, results in part from central sensitisation in the dorsal horn. However, the mechanisms responsible for such sensitisation remain unclear. There is evidence that disturbances in the integrity of the spinal vascular network can be causative factors in the development of neuropathic pain. Here we show that reduced blood flow and vascularity of the dorsal horn leads to the onset of neuropathic pain. Using rodent models (type 1 diabetes and an inducible endothelial-specific vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 knockout mouse) that result in degeneration of the endothelium in the dorsal horn, we show that spinal cord vasculopathy results in nociceptive behavioural hypersensitivity. This also results in increased hypoxia in dorsal horn neurons, depicted by increased expression of hypoxia markers such as hypoxia inducible factor 1α, glucose transporter 3, and carbonic anhydrase 7. Furthermore, inducing hypoxia through intrathecal delivery of dimethyloxalylglycine leads to the activation of dorsal horn neurons as well as mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. This shows that hypoxic signalling induced by reduced vascularity results in increased hypersensitivity and pain. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity, through intraperitoneal injection of acetazolamide, inhibited hypoxia-induced pain behaviours. This investigation demonstrates that induction of a hypoxic microenvironment in the dorsal horn, as occurs in diabetes, is an integral process by which neurons are activated to initiate neuropathic pain states. This leads to the conjecture that reversing hypoxia by improving spinal cord microvascular blood flow could reverse or prevent neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene E. Da Vitoria Lobo
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Weir
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Hardowar
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yara Al Ojaimi
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Madden
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Gibson
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel M. Bestall
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Masanori Hirashima
- Division of Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Chris B. Schaffer
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, United States
| | - Lucy F. Donaldson
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane and Protein and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Philip Hulse
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Sueca-Comes M, Rusu EC, Grabowska AM, Bates DO. Looking Under the Lamppost: The Search for New Cancer Targets in the Human Kinome. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:1136-1145. [PMID: 36180110 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer drugs is increasing as new chemical entities are developed to target molecules, often protein kinases, driving cancer progression. In 2009, Fedorov et al. identified that of the protein kinases in the human kinome, most of the focus has been on a small subset. They highlighted that many poorly investigated protein kinases were cancer drivers, but there was no relationship between publications and involvement in cancer development or progression. Since 2009, there has been a doubling in the number of publications, patents, and drugs targeting the kinome. To determine whether this was an expansion in knowledge of well-studied targets-searching in the light under the lamppost-or an explosion of investigations into previously poorly investigated targets, we searched the literature for publications on each kinase, updating Federov et al.'s assessment of the druggable kinome. The proportion of papers focusing on the 50 most-studied kinases had not changed, and the makeup of those 50 had barely changed. The majority of new drugs (80%) were against the same group of 50 kinases identified as targets 10 years ago, and the proportion of studies investigating previously poorly investigated kinases (<1%) was unchanged. With three exceptions [p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase (p38a), AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic α-subunit 1,2, and B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) serine/threonine kinase], >95% of publications addressing kinases still focused on a relatively small proportion (<50%) of the human kinome independently of their involvement as cancer drivers. There is, therefore, still extensive scope for discovery of therapeutics targeting different protein kinases in cancer and still a bias toward well-characterized targets over the innovative searchlight into the unknown. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study presents evidence that drug discovery efforts in cancer are still to some extent focused on a narrow group of well-studied kinases 10 years after the identification of multiple novel cancer targets in the human kinome. This suggests that there is still room for researchers in academia, industry, and the not-for-profit sector to develop new and diverse therapies targeting kinases for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Sueca-Comes
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (M.S.-C., A.M.G., D.O.B.); Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.); and SeqPlexing SL, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.)
| | - Elena Cristina Rusu
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (M.S.-C., A.M.G., D.O.B.); Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.); and SeqPlexing SL, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.)
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (M.S.-C., A.M.G., D.O.B.); Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.); and SeqPlexing SL, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.)
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (M.S.-C., A.M.G., D.O.B.); Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.); and SeqPlexing SL, Valencia, Spain (E.C.R.)
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14
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Supradit K, Boonsri B, Duangdara J, Thitiphatphuvanon T, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Kangsamaksin T, Janvilisri T, Tohtong R, Yacqub-Usman K, Grabowska AM, Bates DO, Wongprasert K. Inhibition of serine/arginine-rich protein kinase-1 (SRPK1) prevents cholangiocarcinoma cells induced angiogenesis. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 82:105385. [PMID: 35568131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The serine/arginine-rich protein kinase-1 (SRPK1) is an enzyme that has an essential role in regulating numerous aspects of mRNA splicing. SRPK1 has been reported to be overexpressed in multiple cancers, suggesting it as a promising therapeutic target in oncology. No previous studies reported the role of SRPK1 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells. This study aimed to examine the expression of SRPK1 and the effects of SRPK1 inhibition on the viability and angiogenesis activity of CCA cells using a selective SRPK1 inhibitor, SPHINX31. Here, we demonstrate that SPHINX31 (0.3-10 μM) had no inhibitory effects on CCA cells' viability and proliferation. However, SPHINX31 decreased the mRNA expression of pro-angiogenic VEGF-A165a isoform. In addition, SPHINX31 attenuated SRSF1 phosphorylation and nuclear localization, and increased the ratio of VEGF-A165b/total VEGF-A proteins. Moreover, when HUVECs were grown in conditioned medium from SPHINX31-treated CCA cells, migration slowed, and tube formation decreased. The present study demonstrates that targeting SRPK1 in CCA cells effectively attenuates angiogenesis by suppressing pro-angiogenic VEGF-A isoform splicing. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic treatment using SRPK1 inhibitors for the inhibition of angiogenesis in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittiya Supradit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonyakorn Boonsri
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Jinchutha Duangdara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David O Bates
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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15
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Sharpe BP, Hayden A, Manousopoulou A, Cowie A, Walker RC, Harrington J, Izadi F, Breininger SP, Gibson J, Pickering O, Jaynes E, Kyle E, Saunders JH, Parsons SL, Ritchie AA, Clarke PA, Collier P, Mongan NP, Bates DO, Yacqub-Usman K, Garbis SD, Walters Z, Rose-Zerilli M, Grabowska AM, Underwood TJ. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors enhance chemotherapy in preclinical models of esophageal adenocarcinoma by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100541. [PMID: 35732148 PMCID: PMC9244979 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The chemotherapy resistance of esophageal adenocarcinomas (EACs) is underpinned by cancer cell extrinsic mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment (TME). We demonstrate that, by targeting the tumor-promoting functions of the predominant TME cell type, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), we can enhance the efficacy of standard-of-care chemotherapy. In ex vivo conditions, PDE5i prevent the transdifferentiation of normal fibroblasts to CAF and abolish the tumor-promoting function of established EAC CAFs. Using shotgun proteomics and single-cell RNA-seq, we reveal PDE5i-specific regulation of pathways related to fibroblast activation and tumor promotion. Finally, we confirm the efficacy of PDE5i in combination with chemotherapy in close-to-patient and in vivo PDX-based model systems. These findings demonstrate that CAFs drive chemotherapy resistance in EACs and can be targeted by repurposing PDE5i, a safe and well-tolerated class of drug administered to millions of patients world-wide to treat erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Sharpe
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Annette Hayden
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Andrew Cowie
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Robert C Walker
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jack Harrington
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Fereshteh Izadi
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Stella P Breininger
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jane Gibson
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Oliver Pickering
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Eleanor Jaynes
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ewan Kyle
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - John H Saunders
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Simon L Parsons
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Alison A Ritchie
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Philip A Clarke
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Pamela Collier
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Biodiscovery Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Zoë Walters
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew Rose-Zerilli
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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16
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Malhi NK, Allen CL, Stewart E, Horton KL, Riu F, Batson J, Amoaku W, Morris JC, Arkill KP, Bates DO. Serine-arginine-rich protein kinase-1 inhibition for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H1014-H1027. [PMID: 35302878 PMCID: PMC9109797 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00001.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenic VEGF isoforms are upregulated in diabetic retinopathy (DR), driving pathological growth and fluid leakage. Serine-arginine-rich protein kinase-1 (SRPK1) regulates VEGF splicing, and its inhibition blocks angiogenesis. We tested the hypothesis that SRPK1 is activated in diabetes, and an SRPK1 inhibitor (SPHINX31) switches VEGF splicing in DR and prevents increased vascular permeability into the retina. SRPK1 was activated by high glucose (HG), in a PKC-dependent manner, and was blocked by SPHINX31. HG induced release of SRSF1 from the nuclear speckles, which was also SRPK1 dependent, and increased retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) monolayer admittance, which was reversed by SRPK1 inhibition (P < 0.05). Diabetes increased retinal permeability and thickness after 14 days which was blocked by treatment with SPHINX31 eye drops (P < 0.0001). These results show that SRPK1 inhibition, administered as an eye drop, protected the retinal barrier from hyperglycemia-associated loss of integrity in RPE cells in vitro and in diabetic rats in vivo. A clinical trial of another SRPK1 inhibitor has now been initiated in patients with diabetic macular edema.NEW & NOTEWORTHY VEGF-A165b splicing is induced by hyperglycemia through PKC-mediated activation of SRPK1 in RPE cells, increasing their permeability and angiogenic capability. SRPK1 inhibitors can be given as eye drops to reduce retinal permeability and edema in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseeb K Malhi
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Claire L Allen
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Katherine L Horton
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Riu
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Winfried Amoaku
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Exonate Limited, Duxford, United Kingdom.,COMPARE, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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17
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Bhalla SR, Riu F, Machado MJC, Bates DO. Measurement of Revascularization in the Hind Limb After Experimental Ischemia in Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2441:105-113. [PMID: 35099732 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2059-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral vascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and is a consequence of impaired blood flow to the limbs. This arises due to the inability of the tissue to develop sufficiently functional collateral vessel circulation to overcome occluded arteries, or microvascular impairment. The mouse hind limb model of hind limb ischemia can be used to investigate the impact of different treatment modalities, behavioral changes, or genetic knockout. Here we described the model in detail, providing examples of adverse events, and details of ex vivo analysis of blood vessel density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohni Ria Bhalla
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Federica Riu
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Maria J C Machado
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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18
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Green KR, Beazley-Long N, Lynch AP, Allen CL, Bates DO, Benest AV. Quantification of Angiogenesis in Laser Choroidal Neovascularization. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2441:223-231. [PMID: 35099740 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2059-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Murine laser-induced laser choroidal neovascularization is a widely used and robust model of wet (exudative) age-related macular degeneration (wAMD). wAMD is one of the leading causes of blindness in the Western world. In brief, a focused laser beam is used to penetrate Bruch's membrane, which separates the choriocapillaris (well-vascularized choroid layer) from the pigmented layers of the retina. Damage to the integrity of this membrane during diabetes leads to fluid accumulation and vascular invasion into the subretinal layers resulting in a progressive worsening of vision. Here we describe a 14-day model using untreated C57/Bl6 mice, but it is equally applicable to incorporation into transgenic studies and therapeutic agent development (such as eye drops), injection of therapeutic agents (including antibodies), and for longer time course studies. In vivo functional analysis or lesioned choroids can be studied with further immunohistochemical staining for further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Green
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nicholas Beazley-Long
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amy P Lynch
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - David O Bates
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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19
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Nizamundeen ZA, ElSaboni L, Vetch G, Karim J, Neal CR, Allen CL, Bates DO, Arkill KP. Transmission Electron Microscopy of Endothelium. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2441:95-103. [PMID: 35099731 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2059-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy using resin sections still remains an exceptionally useful tool in evaluating cellular ultrastucture within tissue. For the endothelium the best method for maintaining such structure is perfusion fixation: fixing the tissue under physiological pressure. Here the focus is on a method of maintaining the vascular wall structure including the endothelial glycocalyx and extending this with tilt series tomography. Shown are typical histological sections from multiple capillary beds including brain, heart and retina using a lanthanide staining technique (LaDy GAGa) to highlight that the differences in normo-physiology are substantial.It is hoped that users will find the notes useful in deciding which specific staining and imaging method would suit their needs so this technically challenging, and low throughput methodology, is used to its best effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmed Nizamundeen
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Loubna ElSaboni
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Grace Vetch
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jumana Karim
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chris R Neal
- Wolfson BioImaging, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - David O Bates
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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20
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Allen CL, Wolanska K, Malhi NK, Benest AV, Wood ME, Amoaku W, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Bates DO, Whatmore JL. Hydrogen Sulfide Is a Novel Protector of the Retinal Glycocalyx and Endothelial Permeability Barrier. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:724905. [PMID: 34557493 PMCID: PMC8452977 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.724905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Significantly reduced levels of the anti-inflammatory gaseous transmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are observed in diabetic patients and correlate with microvascular dysfunction. H2S may protect the microvasculature by preventing loss of the endothelial glycocalyx. We tested the hypothesis that H2S could prevent or treat retinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Bovine retinal endothelial cells (BRECs) were exposed to normal (NG, 5.5 mmol/L) or high glucose (HG, 25 mmol/L) ± the slow-release H2S donor NaGYY4137 in vitro. Glycocalyx coverage (stained with WGA-FITC) and calcein-labeled monocyte adherence were measured. In vivo, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed in normal and streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Animals received intraocular injection of NaGYY4137 (1 μM) or the mitochondrial-targeted H2S donor AP39 (100 nM) simultaneously with STZ (prevention) or on day 6 after STZ (treatment), and the ratio of interstitial to vascular fluorescence was used to estimate apparent permeability. NaGYY4137 prevented HG-induced loss of BREC glycocalyx, increased monocyte binding to BRECs (p ≤ 0.001), and increased overall glycocalyx coverage (p ≤ 0.001). In rats, the STZ-induced increase in apparent retinal vascular permeability (p ≤ 0.01) was significantly prevented by pre-treatment with NaGYY4137 and AP39 (p < 0.05) and stabilized by their post-STZ administration. NaGYY4137 also reduced the number of acellular capillaries (collagen IV + /IB4-) in the diabetic retina in both groups (p ≤ 0.05). We conclude that NaGYY4137 and AP39 protected the retinal glycocalyx and endothelial permeability barrier from diabetes-associated loss of integrity and reduced the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hydrogen sulfide donors that target the glycocalyx may therefore be a therapeutic candidate for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Allen
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Wolanska
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Naseeb K Malhi
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E Wood
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Winfried Amoaku
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline L Whatmore
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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21
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Salem S, Bates DO, Leach L. Effect of Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated From Normal and Gestational Diabetic Pregnancies on the Permeability of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Placenta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Star E, Stevens M, Gooding C, Smith CWJ, Li L, Ayine ML, Harper SJ, Bates DO, Oltean S. A drug-repositioning screen using splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporters identifies novel modulators of VEGF-A splicing with anti-angiogenic properties. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:36. [PMID: 33941763 PMCID: PMC8093282 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) terminal exon generates two protein families with differing functions. Pro-angiogenic VEGF-Axxxa isoforms are produced via selection of the proximal 3' splice site of the terminal exon. Use of an alternative distal splice site generates the anti-angiogenic VEGF-Axxxb proteins. A bichromatic splicing-sensitive reporter was designed to mimic VEGF-A alternative splicing and was used as a molecular tool to further investigate this alternative splicing event. Part of VEGF-A's terminal exon and preceding intron were inserted into a minigene construct followed by the coding sequences for two fluorescent proteins. A different fluorescent protein is expressed depending on which 3' splice site of the exon is used during splicing (dsRED denotes VEGF-Axxxa and EGFP denotes VEGF-Axxxb). The fluorescent output can be used to follow splicing decisions in vitro and in vivo. Following successful reporter validation in different cell lines and altering splicing using known modulators, a screen was performed using the LOPAC library of small molecules. Alterations to reporter splicing were measured using a fluorescent plate reader to detect dsRED and EGFP expression. Compounds of interest were further validated using flow cytometry and assessed for effects on endogenous VEGF-A alternative splicing at the mRNA and protein level. Ex vivo and in vitro angiogenesis assays were used to demonstrate the anti-angiogenic effect of the compounds. Furthermore, anti-angiogenic activity was investigated in a Matrigel in vivo model. To conclude, we have identified a set of compounds that have anti-angiogenic activity through modulation of VEGF-A terminal exon splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Star
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Megan Stevens
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Clare Gooding
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW UK
| | - Christopher W. J. Smith
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW UK
| | - Ling Li
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Monica Lamici Ayine
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Steve J. Harper
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - David O. Bates
- grid.415598.40000 0004 0641 4263Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, West Block, D floor, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Sebastian Oltean
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
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23
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Grant ZL, Whitehead L, Wong VH, He Z, Yan RY, Miles AR, Benest AV, Bates DO, Prahst C, Bentley K, Bui BV, Symons RC, Coultas L. Blocking endothelial apoptosis revascularizes the retina in a model of ischemic retinopathy. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4235-4251. [PMID: 32427589 PMCID: PMC7410052 DOI: 10.1172/jci127668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant, neovascular retinal blood vessel growth is a vision-threatening complication in ischemic retinal diseases. It is driven by retinal hypoxia frequently caused by capillary nonperfusion and endothelial cell (EC) loss. We investigated the role of EC apoptosis in this process using a mouse model of ischemic retinopathy, in which vessel closure and EC apoptosis cause capillary regression and retinal ischemia followed by neovascularization. Protecting ECs from apoptosis in this model did not prevent capillary closure or retinal ischemia. Nonetheless, it prevented the clearance of ECs from closed capillaries, delaying vessel regression and allowing ECs to persist in clusters throughout the ischemic zone. In response to hypoxia, these preserved ECs underwent a vessel sprouting response and rapidly reassembled into a functional vascular network. This alleviated retinal hypoxia, preventing subsequent pathogenic neovascularization. Vessel reassembly was not limited by VEGFA neutralization, suggesting it was not dependent on the excess VEGFA produced by the ischemic retina. Neutralization of ANG2 did not prevent vessel reassembly, but did impair subsequent angiogenic expansion of the reassembled vessels. Blockade of EC apoptosis may promote ischemic tissue revascularization by preserving ECs within ischemic tissue that retain the capacity to reassemble a functional network and rapidly restore blood supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe L Grant
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, and
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, and
| | - Vickie Hy Wong
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zheng He
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Y Yan
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abigail R Miles
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Prahst
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katie Bentley
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Beijer Laboratory for Gene and Neuroscience Research, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bang V Bui
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert Ca Symons
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leigh Coultas
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, and
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Nizamudeen ZA, Xu ER, Karthik V, Halawa M, Arkill KP, Jackson AM, Bates DO, Emsley J. Structural assessment of SARS-CoV2 accessory protein ORF7a predicts LFA-1 and Mac-1 binding potential. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203837. [PMID: 33305306 PMCID: PMC7796194 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ORF7a is an accessory protein common to SARS-CoV1 and the recently discovered SARS-CoV2, which is causing the COVID-19 pandemic. The ORF7a protein has a structural homology with ICAM-1 which binds to the T lymphocyte integrin receptor LFA-1. As COVID-19 has a strong immune component as part of the disease, we sought to determine whether SARS-CoV2 would have a similar structural interaction with LFA-1. Using molecular docking simulations, we found that SARS-CoV2 ORF7a has the key structural determinants required to bind LFA-1 but also the related leukocyte integrin Mac-1, which is also known to be expressed by macrophages. Our study shows that SARS-CoV2 ORF7a protein has a conserved Ig immunoglobulin-like fold containing an integrin binding site that provides a mechanistic hypothesis for SARS-CoV2's interaction with the human immune system. This suggests that experimental investigation of ORF7a-mediated effects on immune cells such as T lymphocytes and macrophages (leukocytes) could help understand the disease further and develop effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmed Nizamudeen
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Emma-Ruoqi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Vivin Karthik
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, U.S.A
| | - Mohamed Halawa
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Kenton P. Arkill
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Andrew M. Jackson
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Jonas Emsley
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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O'Loughlin J, Hall RJ, Bhaker S, Portelli MA, Henry A, Pang V, Bates DO, Sharp TV, Sayers I. Extended lifespan of bronchial epithelial cells maintains normal cellular phenotype and transcriptome integrity. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00254-2020. [PMID: 33532474 PMCID: PMC7836642 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00254-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies have identified several epithelial-derived genes associated with airway diseases. However, techniques used to study gene function frequently exceed the proliferative potential of primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) isolated from patients. Increased expression of the polycomb group protein BMI-1 extends the lifespan of HBECs while maintaining cell context plasticity. Herein we aimed to assess how BMI-1 expression impacted cellular functions and global mRNA expression. HBECs from six donors were transduced with lentivirus containing BMI-1 and cells were characterised, including by RNA sequencing and impedance measurement. BMI-1-expressing HBECs (B-HBECs) have a proliferative advantage and show comparable in vitro properties to low passage primary HBECs, including cell attachment/spreading and barrier formation. The B-HBEC mRNA signature was modestly different to HBECs, with only 293 genes differentially expressed (5% false discovery rate). Genes linked to epithelial mesenchymal transition and cell cycle were enriched in B-HBECs. We investigated the expression of genes implicated in asthma from genetic and expression studies and found that 97.6% of genes remained unaltered. We have shown that increased BMI-1 expression in HBECs delays lung epithelial cell senescence by promoting cell cycle progression and highlighted the flexible utility for B-HBECs as an important platform for studying airway epithelial mechanisms. A method to extend the lifespan of primary human bronchial epithelial cells that maintain a normal epithelial cell phenotype, thus providing a platform to investigate respiratory disease mechanisms over prolonged periodshttps://bit.ly/353Rklc
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan O'Loughlin
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Robert J Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Sangita Bhaker
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Michael A Portelli
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amanda Henry
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Vincent Pang
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tyson V Sharp
- Centre of Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ian Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,These authors contributed equally
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Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Myint KZ, Janvilisri T, Wongprasert K, Kumkate S, Bates DO, Tohtong R. Co-Clinical Trials: An Innovative Drug Development Platform for Cholangiocarcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010051. [PMID: 33440754 PMCID: PMC7826774 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a group of malignancies that originate from the biliary tract, is associated with a high mortality rate and a concerning increase in worldwide incidence. In Thailand, where the incidence of CCA is the highest, the socioeconomic burden is severe. Yet, treatment options are limited, with surgical resection being the only form of treatment with curative intent. The current standard-of-care remains adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy which is ineffective in most patients. The overall survival rate is dismal, even after surgical resection and the tumor heterogeneity further complicates treatment. Together, this makes CCA a significant burden in Southeast Asia. For effective management of CCA, treatment must be tailored to each patient, individually, for which an assortment of targeted therapies must be available. Despite the increasing numbers of clinical studies in CCA, targeted therapy drugs rarely get approved for clinical use. In this review, we discuss the shortcomings of the conventional clinical trial process and propose the implementation of a novel concept, co-clinical trials to expedite drug development for CCA patients. In co-clinical trials, the preclinical studies and clinical trials are conducted simultaneously, thus enabling real-time data integration to accurately stratify and customize treatment for patients, individually. Hence, co-clinical trials are expected to improve the outcomes of clinical trials and consequently, encourage the approval of targeted therapy drugs. The increased availability of targeted therapy drugs for treatment is expected to facilitate the application of precision medicine in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-201-5606
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27
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Alalwany RH, Donaldson LF, Morgan K, Hawtrey TJ, Morris JC, Bates DO. CLK inhibition alters tau splicing and has a neuroprotective effect
in vitro. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom
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28
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Boonsri B, Yacqub-Usman K, Thintharua P, Myint KZ, Sae-Lao T, Collier P, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Larbcharoensub N, Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Egbuniwe IU, Gomez D, Mukherjee A, Kumkate S, Janvilisri T, Zaitoun AM, Kuakpaetoon T, Tohtong R, Grabowska AM, Bates DO, Wongprasert K. Effect of Combining EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Cytotoxic Agents on Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Cancer Res Treat 2020; 53:457-470. [PMID: 33070556 PMCID: PMC8053863 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The potential of members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) family as drug targets in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has not been extensively addressed. Although phase III clinical trials showed no survival benefits of erlotinib in patients with advanced CCA, the outcome of the standard-of-care chemotherapy treatment for CCA, gemcitabine/cisplatin, is discouraging so we determined the effect of other ErbB receptor inhibitors alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy in CCA cells. Materials and Methods ErbB receptor expression was determined in CCA patient tissues by immunohistochemistry and digital-droplet polymerase chain reaction, and in primary cells and cell lines by immunoblot. Effects on cell viability and cell cycle distribution of combination therapy using ErbB inhibitors with chemotherapeutic drugs was carried out in CCA cell lines. 3D culture of primary CCA cells was then adopted to evaluate the drug effect in a setting that more closely resembles in vivo cell environments. Results CCA tumors showed higher expression of all ErbB receptors compared with resection margins. Primary and CCA cell lines had variable expression of erbB receptors. CCA cell lines showed decreased cell viability when treated with chemotherapeutic drugs (gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil) but also with ErbB inhibitors, particularly afatinib, and with a combination. Sequential treatment of gemcitabine with afatinib was particularly effective. Co-culture of CCA primary cells with cancer-associated fibroblasts decreased sensitivity to chemotherapies, but sensitized to afatinib. Conclusion Afatinib is a potential epidermal growth factor receptor targeted drug for CCA treatment and sequential treatment schedule of gemcitabine and afatinib could be explored in CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonyakorn Boonsri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Pakpoom Thintharua
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thannicha Sae-Lao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Siam University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pam Collier
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Noppadol Larbcharoensub
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brinda Balasubramanian
- Molecular Medicine Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Molecular Medicine Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Isioma U Egbuniwe
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Cellular Pathology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dhanwant Gomez
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, and NIHR Nottingham Digestive Disease Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abhik Mukherjee
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Cellular Pathology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Abed M Zaitoun
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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29
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Hull R, Mbele M, Makhafola T, Hicks C, Wang SM, Reis RM, Mehrotra R, Mkhize-Kwitshana Z, Hussain S, Kibiki G, Bates DO, Dlamini Z. A multinational review: Oesophageal cancer in low to middle-income countries. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:42. [PMID: 32802164 PMCID: PMC7412736 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer (OC) is an aggressive neoplasm that manifests in the gastrointestinal tract and is the result of numerous factors that can contribute to the development of the disease. These may include old age, nutritional deficiencies, oesophageal obstruction and food ingestion difficulties. Environmental factors serve a large role in increasing the risk of developing OC. Two factors that serve an increasing risk of developing OC are the use of tobacco and the consumption of alcohol. Genetic factors also exhibit a large effect on the risk of developing OC, for example, the causative genes in Black Africans differ from other races. OC is 3–4 times more common among men than women. OC has been previously reported in >450 000 individuals worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. The current review compares OC in low to middle-income countries with developed countries. The incidence of OC, particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is high in low and middle-income countries. In developed countries, the incidence of SCC is low compared with adenocarcinoma. The majority of OC cases are diagnosed in the late stages of the disease, leading to high mortality rates. The current review aimed to discuss factors that contribute to the development of this disease in different geographical areas and genetic mechanisms governing these findings. The current review also aims to discuss the preventative treatment options for the disease, and also discusses the diagnosis and surveillance in five LMICs, including South Africa, China, Tanzania, India and Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney Hull
- South African-Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision, Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng 0028, South Africa
| | - Mzwandile Mbele
- South African-Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision, Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng 0028, South Africa
| | - Tshepiso Makhafola
- South African-Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision, Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng 0028, South Africa
| | - Chindo Hicks
- Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Genomics Centre, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shao Ming Wang
- National Cancer Centre, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Centre, Barretos Cancer Hospital, CEP 14784 400, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- Indian Council of Medical Research, 110029 New Delhi, India
| | | | - Showket Hussain
- East African Health Research Commission, East African Community, Quartier Kigobe, 1096 Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Gibson Kibiki
- East African Health Research Commission, East African Community, Quartier Kigobe, 1096 Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - David O Bates
- University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Cancer Biology, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- South African-Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision, Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, Gauteng 0028, South Africa
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30
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Hull R, Mbele M, Makhafola T, Hicks C, Wang SM, Reis RM, Mehrotra R, Mkhize-Kwitshana Z, Kibiki G, Bates DO, Dlamini Z. Cervical cancer in low and middle-income countries. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2058-2074. [PMID: 32782524 PMCID: PMC7400218 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a malignant tumour that occurs in the cervix and is classified into two histological types, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); SCC is more common and accounts for 70% of all cases. In 2018 there were ~569,000 new cases of cervical cancer diagnosed worldwide and ~311,000 deaths were attributed to cervical cancer. Of these, between 84 and 90% occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as South Africa, India, China and Brazil. The most common cause of cervical cancer is persistent infection caused by the sexually transmitted human papilloma virus. Other factors that contribute to the incidence of cervical cancer include geography, traditional practices and beliefs, the screening levels, socioeconomic status, healthcare access, public awareness, use of oral contraceptives, smoking and co-infection with HIV. An estimated 11 million women from LMICs will be diagnosed with cervical cancer in the next 10-20 years. The aim of this review was to explore various types of genetic and epigenetic factors that influence the development, progression or suppression of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney Hull
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Mzwandile Mbele
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Tshepiso Makhafola
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Chindo Hicks
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shao-Ming Wang
- National Cancer Centre, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Centre, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Sao Paulo 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Gibson Kibiki
- East African Health Research Commission, East African Community, Bujumbura, Bujumbura Mairie 350, Burundi
| | - David O Bates
- Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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Ketelaar ME, Portelli MA, Dijk FN, Shrine N, Faiz A, Vermeulen CJ, Xu CJ, Hankinson J, Bhaker S, Henry AP, Billington CK, Shaw DE, Johnson SR, Benest AV, Pang V, Bates DO, Pogson ZEK, Fogarty A, McKeever TM, Singapuri A, Heaney LG, Mansur AH, Chaudhuri R, Thomson NC, Holloway JW, Lockett GA, Howarth PH, Niven R, Simpson A, Tobin MD, Hall IP, Wain LV, Blakey JD, Brightling CE, Obeidat M, Sin DD, Nickle DC, Bossé Y, Vonk JM, van den Berge M, Koppelman GH, Sayers I, Nawijn MC. Phenotypic and functional translation of IL33 genetics in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:144-157. [PMID: 32442646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex disease with multiple phenotypes that may differ in disease pathobiology and treatment response. IL33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reproducibly associated with asthma. IL33 levels are elevated in sputum and bronchial biopsies of patients with asthma. The functional consequences of IL33 asthma SNPs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether IL33 SNPs associate with asthma-related phenotypes and with IL33 expression in lung or bronchial epithelium. This study investigated the effect of increased IL33 expression on human bronchial epithelial cell (HBEC) function. METHODS Association between IL33 SNPs (Chr9: 5,815,786-6,657,983) and asthma phenotypes (Lifelines/DAG [Dutch Asthma GWAS]/GASP [Genetics of Asthma Severity & Phenotypes] cohorts) and between SNPs and expression (lung tissue, bronchial brushes, HBECs) was done using regression modeling. Lentiviral overexpression was used to study IL33 effects on HBECs. RESULTS We found that 161 SNPs spanning the IL33 region associated with 1 or more asthma phenotypes after correction for multiple testing. We report a main independent signal tagged by rs992969 associating with blood eosinophil levels, asthma, and eosinophilic asthma. A second, independent signal tagged by rs4008366 presented modest association with eosinophilic asthma. Neither signal associated with FEV1, FEV1/forced vital capacity, atopy, and age of asthma onset. The 2 IL33 signals are expression quantitative loci in bronchial brushes and cultured HBECs, but not in lung tissue. IL33 overexpression in vitro resulted in reduced viability and reactive oxygen species-capturing of HBECs, without influencing epithelial cell count, metabolic activity, or barrier function. CONCLUSIONS We identify IL33 as an epithelial susceptibility gene for eosinophilia and asthma, provide mechanistic insight, and implicate targeting of the IL33 pathway specifically in eosinophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Ketelaar
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael A Portelli
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - F Nicole Dijk
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nick Shrine
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alen Faiz
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Vermeulen
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng J Xu
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; CiiM & TWINCORE, Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jenny Hankinson
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sangita Bhaker
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda P Henry
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Charlote K Billington
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dominick E Shaw
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R Johnson
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, and COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Pang
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, and COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, and COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Z E K Pogson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Fogarty
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tricia M McKeever
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amisha Singapuri
- Institute for Lung Health, Department of Respiratory Sciences, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Adel H Mansur
- Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rekha Chaudhuri
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Thomson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle A Lockett
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H Howarth
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Niven
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Simpson
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Louise V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - John D Blakey
- Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom; Institute for Lung Health, Department of Respiratory Sciences, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David C Nickle
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Mass
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Allen CL, Malhi NK, Whatmore JL, Bates DO, Arkill KP. Non-invasive measurement of retinal permeability in a diabetic rat model. Microcirculation 2020; 27:e12623. [PMID: 32352608 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The gold standard for measuring blood-retinal barrier permeability is the Evans blue assay. However, this technique has limitations in vivo, including non-specific tissue binding and toxicity. This study describes a non-toxic, high-throughput, and cost-effective alternative technique that minimizes animal usage. METHODS Sodium fluorescein fundus angiography was performed in non-diabetic and diabetic Brown Norway rats on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Sodium fluorescein intensity in the retinal interstitium and a main retinal vessel were measured over time. The intensity gradients were used to quantify retinal vascular permeability. Post-study eyes were fixed, dissected, and stained (isolectin B4) to measure required parameters for permeability quantification including total vessel length per retinal volume, radius, and thickness. RESULTS In the non-diabetic cohort retinal permeability remained constant over the 28-day study period. However, in the diabetic cohort there was a significant and progressive increase in retinal permeability from days 14-28 (P < .01, P < .001, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS This novel imaging methodology in combination with mathematical quantification allows retinal permeability to be non-invasively and accurately measured at multiple time points in the same animal. In addition, this technique is a non-toxic, rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective alternative to the Evans blue assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Allen
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Naseeb K Malhi
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, UK
| | | | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, UK
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Owen-Woods C, Joulia R, Barkaway A, Rolas L, Ma B, Nottebaum AF, Arkill KP, Stein M, Girbl T, Golding M, Bates DO, Vestweber D, Voisin MB, Nourshargh S. Local microvascular leakage promotes trafficking of activated neutrophils to remote organs. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2301-2318. [PMID: 31971917 PMCID: PMC7190919 DOI: 10.1172/jci133661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased microvascular permeability to plasma proteins and neutrophil emigration are hallmarks of innate immunity and key features of numerous inflammatory disorders. Although neutrophils can promote microvascular leakage, the impact of vascular permeability on neutrophil trafficking is unknown. Here, through the application of confocal intravital microscopy, we report that vascular permeability-enhancing stimuli caused a significant frequency of neutrophil reverse transendothelial cell migration (rTEM). Furthermore, mice with a selective defect in microvascular permeability enhancement (VEC-Y685F-ki) showed reduced incidence of neutrophil rTEM. Mechanistically, elevated vascular leakage promoted movement of interstitial chemokines into the bloodstream, a response that supported abluminal-to-luminal neutrophil TEM. Through development of an in vivo cell labeling method we provide direct evidence for the systemic dissemination of rTEM neutrophils, and showed them to exhibit an activated phenotype and be capable of trafficking to the lungs where their presence was aligned with regions of vascular injury. Collectively, we demonstrate that increased microvascular leakage reverses the localization of directional cues across venular walls, thus causing neutrophils engaged in diapedesis to reenter the systemic circulation. This cascade of events offers a mechanism to explain how local tissue inflammation and vascular permeability can induce downstream pathological effects in remote organs, most notably in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Owen-Woods
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Régis Joulia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Barkaway
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Loïc Rolas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Ma
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Fee Nottebaum
- Department of Vascular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Kenton P. Arkill
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Monja Stein
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara Girbl
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Golding
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dietmar Vestweber
- Department of Vascular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Mathieu-Benoit Voisin
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sussan Nourshargh
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Wilson DH, Jarman EJ, Mellin RP, Wilson ML, Waddell SH, Tsokkou P, Younger NT, Raven A, Bhalla SR, Noll ATR, Olde Damink SW, Schaap FG, Chen P, Bates DO, Banales JM, Dean CH, Henderson DJ, Sansom OJ, Kendall TJ, Boulter L. Non-canonical Wnt signalling regulates scarring in biliary disease via the planar cell polarity receptors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:445. [PMID: 31974352 PMCID: PMC6978415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients diagnosed with chronic bile duct disease is increasing and in most cases these diseases result in chronic ductular scarring, necessitating liver transplantation. The formation of ductular scaring affects liver function; however, scar-generating portal fibroblasts also provide important instructive signals to promote the proliferation and differentiation of biliary epithelial cells. Therefore, understanding whether we can reduce scar formation while maintaining a pro-regenerative microenvironment will be essential in developing treatments for biliary disease. Here, we describe how regenerating biliary epithelial cells express Wnt-Planar Cell Polarity signalling components following bile duct injury and promote the formation of ductular scars by upregulating pro-fibrogenic cytokines and positively regulating collagen-deposition. Inhibiting the production of Wnt-ligands reduces the amount of scar formed around the bile duct, without reducing the development of the pro-regenerative microenvironment required for ductular regeneration, demonstrating that scarring and regeneration can be uncoupled in adult biliary disease and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E J Jarman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R P Mellin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M L Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S H Waddell
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Tsokkou
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N T Younger
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Raven
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - S R Bhalla
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Centre for Cancer Science, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - A T R Noll
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S W Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - F G Schaap
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - D O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Centre for Cancer Science, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, Birmingham, UK
| | - J M Banales
- Biodonostia HRI, CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - C H Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D J Henderson
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - O J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - T J Kendall
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.
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Stevens M, Star E, Lee M, Innes E, Li L, Bowler E, Harper S, Bates DO, Oltean S. The VEGF-A exon 8 splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporter mouse is a novel tool to assess the effects of splicing regulatory compounds in vivo. RNA Biol 2019; 16:1672-1681. [PMID: 31432737 PMCID: PMC6844573 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1652522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A is differentially spliced to give two functionally different isoform families; pro-angiogenic, pro-permeability VEGF-Axxx and anti-angiogenic, anti-permeability VEGF-Axxxb. VEGF-A splicing is dysregulated in several pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, and peripheral arterial disease. The bichromatic VEGF-A splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporter harboured in a transgenic mouse is a novel approach to investigate the splicing patterns of VEGF-A in vivo. We generated a transgenic mouse harbouring a splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporter designed to mimic VEGF-A terminal exon splicing (VEGF8ab) by insertion into the ROSA26 genomic locus. dsRED expression denotes proximal splice site selection (VEGF-Axxx) and eGFP expression denotes distal splice site selection (VEGF-Axxxb). We investigated the tissue-specific expression patterns in the eye, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, kidney, and pancreas, and determined whether the splicing pattern could be manipulated in the same manner as endogenous VEGF-A by treatment with the SRPK1 inhibitor SPHINX 31. We confirmed expression of both dsRED and eGFP in the eye, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, kidney, and pancreas, with the highest expression of both fluorescent proteins observed in the exocrine pancreas. The ratio of dsRED and eGFP matched that of endogenous VEGF-Axxx and VEGF-Axxxb. Treatment of the VEGF8ab mice with SPHINX 31 increased the mRNA and protein eGFP/dsRED ratio in the exocrine pancreas, mimicking endogenous VEGF-A splicing. The VEGF-A exon 8 splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporter mouse is a novel tool to assess splicing regulation in the individual cell-types and tissues, which provides a useful screening process for potentially therapeutic splicing regulatory compounds in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stevens
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - E Star
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M Lee
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - E Innes
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - L Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - E Bowler
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - S Harper
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - D O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - S Oltean
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Machado MJC, Boardman R, Riu F, Emanueli C, Benest AV, Bates DO. Enhanced notch signaling modulates unproductive revascularization in response to nitric oxide-angiopoietin signaling in a mouse model of peripheral ischemia. Microcirculation 2019; 26:e12549. [PMID: 30974486 PMCID: PMC6899699 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arteriolargenesis can be induced by concomitant stimulation of nitric Oxide (NO)-Angiopoietin receptor (Tie)-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) signaling in the rat mesentery angiogenesis assay. We hypothesized that the same combination of exogenously added growth factors would also have a positive impact on arteriolargenesis and, consequently, the recovery of blood flow in a model of unilateral hindlimb ischemia. RESULTS AND METHODS NO-Tie mice had faster blood flow recovery compared to control mice, as assessed by laser speckle imaging. There was no change in capillary density within the ischemic muscles, but arteriole density was higher in NO-Tie mice. Given the previously documented beneficial effect of VEGF signaling, we tested whether NO-Tie-VEGF mice would show further improvement. Surprisingly, these mice recovered no differently from control, arteriole density was similar and capillary density was lower. Dll4 is a driver of arterial specification, so we hypothesized that Notch1 expression would be involved in arteriolargenesis. There was a significant upregulation of Notch1 transcripts in NO-Tie-VEGF compared with NO-Tie mice. Using soluble Dll4 (sDll4), we stimulated Notch signaling in the ischemic muscles of mice. NO-Tie-sDll4 mice had significantly increased capillary and arteriole densities, but impaired blood flow recovery. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Dll4 activation early on in revascularization can lead to unproductive angiogenesis and arteriolargenesis, despite increased vascular densities. These results suggest spatial and temporal balance of growth factors needs to be perfected for ideal functional and anatomical revascularisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. C. Machado
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsTumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer BiologySchool of MedicineQueen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Rachel Boardman
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsTumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer BiologySchool of MedicineQueen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Federica Riu
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsTumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer BiologySchool of MedicineQueen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | | | - Andrew V. Benest
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsTumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer BiologySchool of MedicineQueen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsTumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer BiologySchool of MedicineQueen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Descamps B, Saif J, Benest AV, Biglino G, Bates DO, Chamorro-Jorganes A, Emanueli C. BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) Promotes Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiation to Endothelial Cells Via a Molecular Pathway, Including MicroRNA-214, EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2), and eNOS (Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2117-2125. [PMID: 30354255 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective- The NTs (neurotrophins), BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and NT-3 promote vascular development and angiogenesis. This study investigated the contribution of endogenous NTs in embryonic stem cell (ESC) vascular differentiation and the potential of exogenous BDNF to improve the process of ESC differentiation to endothelial cells (ECs). Approach and Results- Mouse ESCs were differentiated into vascular cells using a 2-dimensional embryoid body (EB) model. Supplementation of either BDNF or NT-3 increased EC progenitors' abundance at day 7 and enlarged the peripheral vascular plexus with ECs and SM22α+ (smooth muscle 22 alpha-positive) smooth muscle cells by day 13. Conversely, inhibition of either BDNF or NT-3 receptor signaling reduced ECs, without affecting smooth muscle cells spread. This suggests that during vascular development, endogenous NTs are especially relevant for endothelial differentiation. At mechanistic level, we have identified that BDNF-driven ESC-endothelial differentiation is mediated by a pathway encompassing the transcriptional repressor EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2), microRNA-214 (miR-214), and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase). It was known that eNOS, which is needed for endothelial differentiation, can be transcriptionally repressed by EZH2. In turn, miR-214 targets EZH2 for inhibition. We newly found that in ESC-ECs, BDNF increases miR-214 expression, reduces EZH2 occupancy of the eNOS promoter, and increases eNOS expression. Moreover, we found that NRP-1 (neuropilin 1), KDR (kinase insert domain receptor), and pCas130 (p130 Crk-associated substrate kinase), which reportedly induce definitive endothelial differentiation of pluripotent cells, were increased in BDNF-conditioned ESC-EC. Mechanistically, miR-214 mediated the BDNF-induced expressional changes, contributing to BDNF-driven endothelial differentiation. Finally, BDNF-conditioned ESC-ECs promoted angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions- BDNF promotes ESC-endothelial differentiation acting via miR-214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Descamps
- From the Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (B.D., J.S., G.B., C.E.)
| | - Jaimy Saif
- From the Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (B.D., J.S., G.B., C.E.)
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (A.V.B., D.O.B.)
| | - Giovanni Biglino
- From the Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (B.D., J.S., G.B., C.E.)
| | - David O Bates
- Tumour and Vascular Biology Laboratories, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (A.V.B., D.O.B.)
| | | | - Costanza Emanueli
- From the Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (B.D., J.S., G.B., C.E.)
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (A.C.-J., C.E.)
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Li N, Babaei-Jadidi R, Lorenzi F, Spencer-Dene B, Clarke P, Domingo E, Tulchinsky E, Vries RGJ, Kerr D, Pan Y, He Y, Bates DO, Tomlinson I, Clevers H, Nateri AS. An FBXW7-ZEB2 axis links EMT and tumour microenvironment to promote colorectal cancer stem cells and chemoresistance. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:13. [PMID: 30783098 PMCID: PMC6381143 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients develop recurrence after chemotherapy owing to the survival of stem cell-like cells referred to as cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). The origin of CSCs is linked to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Currently, it remains poorly understood how EMT programmes enable CSCs residing in the tumour microenvironment to escape the effects of chemotherapy. This study identifies a key molecular pathway that is responsible for the formation of drug-resistant CSC populations. Using a modified yeast-2-hybrid system and 2D gel-based proteomics methods, we show that the E3-ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 directly binds and degrades the EMT-inducing transcription factor ZEB2 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Loss of FBXW7 induces an EMT that can be effectively reversed by knockdown of ZEB2. The FBXW7-ZEB2 axis regulates such important cancer cell features, as stemness/dedifferentiation, chemoresistance and cell migration in vitro, ex vivo and in animal models of metastasis. High expression of ZEB2 in cancer tissues defines the reduced ZEB2 expression in the cancer-associated stroma in patients and in murine intestinal organoids, demonstrating a tumour-stromal crosstalk that modulates a niche and EMT activation. Our study thus uncovers a new molecular mechanism, by which the CRC cells display differences in resistance to chemotherapy and metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Li
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Roya Babaei-Jadidi
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Federica Lorenzi
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Philip Clarke
- Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Enric Domingo
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Eugene Tulchinsky
- Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Robert G J Vries
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Utrecht and University Medical Centre Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - David Kerr
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yihang Pan
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulong He
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Utrecht and University Medical Centre Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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Boardman R, Pang V, Malhi N, Lynch AP, Leach L, Benest AV, Bates DO, Machado MJC. Activation of Notch signaling by soluble Dll4 decreases vascular permeability via a cAMP/PKA-dependent pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1065-H1075. [PMID: 30681366 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00610.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Notch ligand delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4), upregulated by VEGF, is a key regulator of vessel morphogenesis and function, controlling tip and stalk cell selection during sprouting angiogenesis. Inhibition of Dll4 results in hypersprouting, nonfunctional, poorly perfused vessels, suggesting a role for Dll4 in the formation of mature, reactive, functional vessels, with low permeability and able to restrict fluid and solute exchange. We tested the hypothesis that Dll4 controls transvascular fluid exchange. A recombinant protein expressing only the extracellular portion of Dll4 [soluble Dll4 (sDll4)] induced Notch signaling in endothelial cells (ECs), resulting in increased expression of vascular-endothelial cadherin, but not the tight junctional protein zonula occludens 1, at intercellular junctions. sDll4 decreased the permeability of FITC-labeled albumin across EC monolayers, and this effect was abrogated by coculture with the γ-secretase inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester. One of the known molecular effectors responsible for strengthening EC-EC contacts is PKA, so we tested the effect of modulation of PKA on the sDll4-mediated reduction of permeability. Inhibition of PKA reversed the sDll4-mediated reduction in permeability and reduced expression of the Notch target gene Hey1. Knockdown of PKA reduced sDLL4-mediated vascular-endothelial cadherin junctional expression. sDll4 also caused a significant decrease in the hydraulic conductivity of rat mesenteric microvessels in vivo. This reduction was abolished upon coperfusion with the PKA inhibitor H89 dihydrochloride. These results indicate that Dll4 signaling through Notch activation acts through a cAMP/PKA pathway upon intercellular adherens junctions, but not tight junctions, to regulate endothelial barrier function. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Notch signaling reduces vascular permeability through stimulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Boardman
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Pang
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Naseeb Malhi
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Amy P Lynch
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Lopa Leach
- Division of Physiology Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, The Medical School , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom.,The Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom.,The Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Maria J C Machado
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
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Onions KL, Gamez M, Buckner NR, Baker SL, Betteridge KB, Desideri S, Dallyn BP, Ramnath RD, Neal CR, Farmer LK, Mathieson PW, Gnudi L, Alitalo K, Bates DO, Salmon AHJ, Welsh GI, Satchell SC, Foster RR. VEGFC Reduces Glomerular Albumin Permeability and Protects Against Alterations in VEGF Receptor Expression in Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes 2019; 68:172-187. [PMID: 30389746 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A are thought to cause glomerular endothelial cell (GEnC) dysfunction and albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. We hypothesized that VEGFC could counteract these effects of VEGFA to protect the glomerular filtration barrier and reduce albuminuria. Isolated glomeruli were stimulated ex vivo with VEGFC, which reduced VEGFA- and type 2 diabetes-induced glomerular albumin solute permeability (Ps'alb). VEGFC had no detrimental effect on glomerular function in vivo when overexpression was induced locally in podocytes (podVEGFC) in otherwise healthy mice. Further, these mice had reduced glomerular VEGFA mRNA expression, yet increased glomerular VEGF receptor heterodimerization, indicating differential signaling by VEGFC. In a model of type 1 diabetes, the induction of podVEGFC overexpression reduced the development of hypertrophy, albuminuria, loss of GEnC fenestrations and protected against altered VEGF receptor expression. In addition, VEGFC protected against raised Ps'alb by endothelial glycocalyx disruption in glomeruli. In summary, VEGFC reduced the development of diabetic nephropathy, prevented VEGF receptor alterations in the diabetic glomerulus, and promoted both glomerular protection and endothelial barrier function. These important findings highlight a novel pathway for future investigation in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Onions
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Monica Gamez
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Nicola R Buckner
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Siân L Baker
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Kai B Betteridge
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Sara Desideri
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Benjamin P Dallyn
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Raina D Ramnath
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Chris R Neal
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Louise K Farmer
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Peter W Mathieson
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Luigi Gnudi
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College London, London, U.K
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, U.K
| | - Andrew H J Salmon
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Simon C Satchell
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Rebecca R Foster
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K.
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Tzelepis K, De Braekeleer E, Aspris D, Barbieri I, Vijayabaskar MS, Liu WH, Gozdecka M, Metzakopian E, Toop HD, Dudek M, Robson SC, Hermida-Prado F, Yang YH, Babaei-Jadidi R, Garyfallos DA, Ponstingl H, Dias JML, Gallipoli P, Seiler M, Buonamici S, Vick B, Bannister AJ, Rad R, Prinjha RK, Marioni JC, Huntly B, Batson J, Morris JC, Pina C, Bradley A, Jeremias I, Bates DO, Yusa K, Kouzarides T, Vassiliou GS. SRPK1 maintains acute myeloid leukemia through effects on isoform usage of epigenetic regulators including BRD4. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5378. [PMID: 30568163 PMCID: PMC6300607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified the splicing kinase gene SRPK1 as a genetic vulnerability of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we show that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SRPK1 leads to cell cycle arrest, leukemic cell differentiation and prolonged survival of mice transplanted with MLL-rearranged AML. RNA-seq analysis demonstrates that SRPK1 inhibition leads to altered isoform levels of many genes including several with established roles in leukemogenesis such as MYB, BRD4 and MED24. We focus on BRD4 as its main isoforms have distinct molecular properties and find that SRPK1 inhibition produces a significant switch from the short to the long isoform at the mRNA and protein levels. This was associated with BRD4 eviction from genomic loci involved in leukemogenesis including BCL2 and MYC. We go on to show that this switch mediates at least part of the anti-leukemic effects of SRPK1 inhibition. Our findings reveal that SRPK1 represents a plausible new therapeutic target against AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tzelepis
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
| | - Etienne De Braekeleer
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Demetrios Aspris
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Isaia Barbieri
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - M S Vijayabaskar
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Wen-Hsin Liu
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Gozdecka
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Hamish D Toop
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Exonate Ltd, Milton Science Park, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monika Dudek
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Samuel C Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Yu Hsuen Yang
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Dimitrios A Garyfallos
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Joao M L Dias
- Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Gallipoli
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | | | - Binje Vick
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew J Bannister
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, & German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epigenetics DPU, Immunoinflammation and Oncology TA Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
- Stem Cell Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Brian Huntly
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Exonate Ltd, Milton Science Park, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Pina
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Allan Bradley
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, & German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - David O Bates
- Exonate Ltd, Milton Science Park, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Kosuke Yusa
- Stem Cell Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Tony Kouzarides
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK.
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42
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Nowak-Sliwinska P, Alitalo K, Allen E, Anisimov A, Aplin AC, Auerbach R, Augustin HG, Bates DO, van Beijnum JR, Bender RHF, Bergers G, Bikfalvi A, Bischoff J, Böck BC, Brooks PC, Bussolino F, Cakir B, Carmeliet P, Castranova D, Cimpean AM, Cleaver O, Coukos G, Davis GE, De Palma M, Dimberg A, Dings RPM, Djonov V, Dudley AC, Dufton NP, Fendt SM, Ferrara N, Fruttiger M, Fukumura D, Ghesquière B, Gong Y, Griffin RJ, Harris AL, Hughes CCW, Hultgren NW, Iruela-Arispe ML, Irving M, Jain RK, Kalluri R, Kalucka J, Kerbel RS, Kitajewski J, Klaassen I, Kleinmann HK, Koolwijk P, Kuczynski E, Kwak BR, Marien K, Melero-Martin JM, Munn LL, Nicosia RF, Noel A, Nurro J, Olsson AK, Petrova TV, Pietras K, Pili R, Pollard JW, Post MJ, Quax PHA, Rabinovich GA, Raica M, Randi AM, Ribatti D, Ruegg C, Schlingemann RO, Schulte-Merker S, Smith LEH, Song JW, Stacker SA, Stalin J, Stratman AN, Van de Velde M, van Hinsbergh VWM, Vermeulen PB, Waltenberger J, Weinstein BM, Xin H, Yetkin-Arik B, Yla-Herttuala S, Yoder MC, Griffioen AW. Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays. Angiogenesis 2018; 21:425-532. [PMID: 29766399 PMCID: PMC6237663 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as numerous pathological conditions. Angiogenesis undergoes multiple discrete steps that can be individually evaluated and quantified by a large number of bioassays. These independent assessments hold advantages but also have limitations. This article describes in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro bioassays that are available for the evaluation of angiogenesis and highlights critical aspects that are relevant for their execution and proper interpretation. As such, this collaborative work is the first edition of consensus guidelines on angiogenesis bioassays to serve for current and future reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CMU, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elizabeth Allen
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Resistance, Department of Oncology, VIB-Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Andrey Anisimov
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alfred C Aplin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Judy R van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Hugh F Bender
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Gabriele Bergers
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Resistance, Department of Oncology, VIB-Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Bikfalvi
- Angiogenesis and Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory (INSERM U1029), University Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara C Böck
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter C Brooks
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO-IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Bertan Cakir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Castranova
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anca M Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George E Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, School of Medicine and Dalton Cardiovascular Center, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michele De Palma
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ruud P M Dings
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Andrew C Dudley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Emily Couric Cancer Center, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Neil P Dufton
- Vascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Marcus Fruttiger
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Metabolomics Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Metabolomics Expertise Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Oxford University Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nan W Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Melita Irving
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert S Kerbel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hynda K Kleinmann
- The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Kuczynski
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda R Kwak
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Juan M Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lance L Munn
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto F Nicosia
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Agnes Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jussi Nurro
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Karin Olsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Program, Indiana University-Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark J Post
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department Surgery, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine, National Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anna M Randi
- Vascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
- National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Curzio Ruegg
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Reinier O Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU, Münster, Germany
| | - Lois E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan W Song
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven A Stacker
- Tumour Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The Sir Peter MacCallum, Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jimmy Stalin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU, Münster, Germany
| | - Amber N Stratman
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maureen Van de Velde
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter B Vermeulen
- HistoGeneX, Antwerp, Belgium
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Sint-Augustinus & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, Germany
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong Xin
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bahar Yetkin-Arik
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Seppo Yla-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Bestall SM, Hulse RP, Blackley Z, Swift M, Ved N, Paton K, Beazley-Long N, Bates DO, Donaldson LF. Sensory neuronal sensitisation occurs through HMGB-1-RAGE and TRPV1 in high-glucose conditions. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs215939. [PMID: 29930087 PMCID: PMC6080605 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.215939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many potential causes for painful diabetic neuropathy have been proposed including actions of cytokines and growth factors. High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a RAGE (also known as AGER) agonist whose levels are increased in diabetes and that contributes to pain by modulating peripheral inflammatory responses. HMGB1 enhances nociceptive behaviour in naïve animals through an unknown mechanism. We tested the hypothesis that HMGB1 causes pain through direct neuronal activation of RAGE and alteration of nociceptive neuronal responsiveness. HMGB1 and RAGE expression were increased in skin and primary sensory (dorsal root ganglion, DRG) neurons of diabetic rats at times when pain behaviour was enhanced. Agonist-evoked TRPV1-mediated Ca2+ responses increased in cultured DRG neurons from diabetic rats and in neurons from naïve rats exposed to high glucose concentrations. HMGB1-mediated increases in TRPV1-evoked Ca2+ responses in DRG neurons were RAGE- and PKC-dependent, and this was blocked by co-administration of the growth factor splice variant VEGF-A165b. Pain behaviour and the DRG RAGE expression increases were blocked by VEGF-A165b treatment of diabetic rats in vivo Hence, we conclude that HMGB1-RAGE activation sensitises DRG neurons in vitro, and that VEGF-A165b blocks HMGB-1-RAGE DRG activation, which may contribute to its analgesic properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Bestall
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Richard P Hulse
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Zoe Blackley
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Matthew Swift
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Cancer Biology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Nikita Ved
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Kenneth Paton
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Nicholas Beazley-Long
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Lucy F Donaldson
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Ved N, Da Vitoria Lobo ME, Bestall SM, L Vidueira C, Beazley-Long N, Ballmer-Hofer K, Hirashima M, Bates DO, Donaldson LF, Hulse RP. Diabetes-induced microvascular complications at the level of the spinal cord: a contributing factor in diabetic neuropathic pain. J Physiol 2018; 596:3675-3693. [PMID: 29774557 PMCID: PMC6092307 DOI: 10.1113/jp275067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Diabetes is thought to induce neuropathic pain through activation of dorsal horn sensory neurons in the spinal cord. Here we explore the impact of hyperglycaemia on the blood supply supporting the spinal cord and chronic pain development. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, neuropathic pain is accompanied by a decline in microvascular integrity in the dorsal horn. Hyperglycaemia-induced degeneration of the endothelium in the dorsal horn was associated with a loss in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A165 b expression. VEGF-A165 b treatment prevented diabetic neuropathic pain and degeneration of the endothelium in the spinal cord. Using an endothelial-specific VEGFR2 knockout transgenic mouse model, the loss of endothelial VEGFR2 signalling led to a decline in vascular integrity in the dorsal horn and the development of hyperalgesia in VEGFR2 knockout mice. This highlights that vascular degeneration in the spinal cord could be a previously unidentified factor in the development of diabetic neuropathic pain. ABSTRACT Abnormalities of neurovascular interactions within the CNS of diabetic patients is associated with the onset of many neurological disease states. However, to date, the link between the neurovascular network within the spinal cord and regulation of nociception has not been investigated despite neuropathic pain being common in diabetes. We hypothesised that hyperglycaemia-induced endothelial degeneration in the spinal cord, due to suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A/VEGFR2 signalling, induces diabetic neuropathic pain. Nociceptive pain behaviour was investigated in a chemically induced model of type 1 diabetes (streptozotocin induced, insulin supplemented; either vehicle or VEGF-A165 b treated) and an inducible endothelial knockdown of VEGFR2 (tamoxifen induced). Diabetic animals developed mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia. This was associated with a reduction in the number of blood vessels and reduction in Evans blue extravasation in the lumbar spinal cord of diabetic animals versus age-matched controls. Endothelial markers occludin, CD31 and VE-cadherin were downregulated in the spinal cord of the diabetic group versus controls, and there was a concurrent reduction of VEGF-A165 b expression. In diabetic animals, VEGF-A165 b treatment (biweekly i.p., 20 ng g-1 ) restored normal Evans blue extravasation and prevented vascular degeneration, diabetes-induced central neuron activation and neuropathic pain. Inducible knockdown of VEGFR2 (tamoxifen treated Tie2CreERT2 -vegfr2flfl mice) led to a reduction in blood vessel network volume in the lumbar spinal cord and development of heat hyperalgesia. These findings indicate that hyperglycaemia leads to a reduction in the VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signalling cascade, resulting in endothelial dysfunction in the spinal cord, which could be an undiscovered contributing factor to diabetic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ved
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.,Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M E Da Vitoria Lobo
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - S M Bestall
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - C L Vidueira
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - N Beazley-Long
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and School of Life Sciences, The Medical School QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | | | - M Hirashima
- Division of Vascular Biology, Kobe University, Japan
| | - D O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.,Centre of Membrane and Protein and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L F Donaldson
- Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - R P Hulse
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.,School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
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Alalwany R, Bates DO, Morgan K, Donaldson LF. P2‐163: NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN A MODEL OF β‐AMYLOID INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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Neal CR, Arkill KP, Bell JS, Betteridge KB, Bates DO, Winlove CP, Salmon AHJ, Harper SJ. Novel hemodynamic structures in the human glomerulus. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F1370-F1384. [PMID: 29923763 PMCID: PMC6293306 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00566.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate human glomerular structure under conditions of physiological perfusion, we have analyzed fresh and perfusion-fixed normal human glomeruli at physiological hydrostatic and oncotic pressures using serial resin section reconstruction, confocal, multiphoton, and electron microscope imaging. Afferent and efferent arterioles (21.5 ± 1.2 µm and 15.9 ± 1.2 µm diameter), recognized from vascular origins, lead into previously undescribed wider regions (43.2 ± 2.8 µm and 38.4 ± 4.9 µm diameter) we have termed vascular chambers (VCs) embedded in the mesangium of the vascular pole. Afferent VC (AVC) volume was 1.6-fold greater than efferent VC (EVC) volume. From the AVC, long nonbranching high-capacity conduit vessels ( n = 7) (Con; 15.9 ± 0.7 µm diameter) led to the glomerular edge, where branching was more frequent. Conduit vessels have fewer podocytes than filtration capillaries. VCs were confirmed in fixed and unfixed specimens with a layer of banded collagen identified in AVC walls by multiphoton and electron microscopy. Thirteen highly branched efferent first-order vessels (E1; 9.9 ± 0.4 µm diameter) converge on the EVC, draining into the efferent arteriole (15.9 ± 1.2 µm diameter). Banded collagen was scarce around EVCs. This previously undescribed branching topology does not conform to the branching of minimum energy expenditure (Murray's law), suggesting that even distribution of pressure/flow to the filtration capillaries is more important than maintaining the minimum work required for blood flow. We propose that AVCs act as plenum manifolds possibly aided by vortical flow in distributing and balancing blood flow/pressure to conduit vessels supplying glomerular lobules. These major adaptations to glomerular capillary structure could regulate hemodynamic pressure and flow in human glomerular capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Neal
- Bristol Renal and School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - James S Bell
- Cardiff Centre for Vision Science, Cardiff University , Cardiff , United Kingdom
| | - Kai B Betteridge
- Nikon Imaging Centre, Guys Campus, Kings College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - C Peter Winlove
- School of Physics, University of Exeter , Exeter , United Kingdom
| | | | - Steven J Harper
- Bristol Renal and School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom.,Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School , Exeter , United Kingdom
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47
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Bates DO, Beazley-Long N, Benest AV, Ye X, Ved N, Hulse RP, Barratt S, Machado MJ, Donaldson LF, Harper SJ, Peiris-Pages M, Tortonese DJ, Oltean S, Foster RR. Physiological Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors as Homeostatic Regulators. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:955-979. [PMID: 29978898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of proteins are key regulators of physiological systems. Originally linked with endothelial function, they have since become understood to be principal regulators of multiple tissues, both through their actions on vascular cells, but also through direct actions on other tissue types, including epithelial cells, neurons, and the immune system. The complexity of the five members of the gene family in terms of their different splice isoforms, differential translation, and specific localizations have enabled tissues to use these potent signaling molecules to control how they function to maintain their environment. This homeostatic function of VEGFs has been less intensely studied than their involvement in disease processes, development, and reproduction, but they still play a substantial and significant role in healthy control of blood volume and pressure, interstitial volume and drainage, renal and lung function, immunity, and signal processing in the peripheral and central nervous system. The widespread expression of VEGFs in healthy adult tissues, and the disturbances seen when VEGF signaling is inhibited support this view of the proteins as endogenous regulators of normal physiological function. This review summarizes the evidence and recent breakthroughs in understanding of the physiology that is regulated by VEGF, with emphasis on the role they play in maintaining homeostasis. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:955-979, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew V Benest
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xi Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nikita Ved
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P Hulse
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shaney Barratt
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maria J Machado
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy F Donaldson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Harper
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Peiris-Pages
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Domingo J Tortonese
- Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Oltean
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca R Foster
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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48
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Betteridge KB, Arkill KP, Neal CR, Harper SJ, Foster RR, Satchell SC, Bates DO, Salmon AHJ. Sialic acids regulate microvessel permeability, revealed by novel in vivo studies of endothelial glycocalyx structure and function. J Physiol 2018; 595:5015-5035. [PMID: 28524373 PMCID: PMC5538239 DOI: 10.1113/jp274167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Key points We have developed novel techniques for paired, direct, real‐time in vivo quantification of endothelial glycocalyx structure and associated microvessel permeability. Commonly used imaging and analysis techniques yield measurements of endothelial glycocalyx depth that vary by over an order of magnitude within the same vessel. The anatomical distance between maximal glycocalyx label and maximal endothelial cell plasma membrane label provides the most sensitive and reliable measure of endothelial glycocalyx depth. Sialic acid residues of the endothelial glycocalyx regulate glycocalyx structure and microvessel permeability to both water and albumin.
Abstract The endothelial glycocalyx forms a continuous coat over the luminal surface of all vessels, and regulates multiple vascular functions. The contribution of individual components of the endothelial glycocalyx to one critical vascular function, microvascular permeability, remains unclear. We developed novel, real‐time, paired methodologies to study the contribution of sialic acids within the endothelial glycocalyx to the structural and functional permeability properties of the same microvessel in vivo. Single perfused rat mesenteric microvessels were perfused with fluorescent endothelial cell membrane and glycocalyx labels, and imaged with confocal microscopy. A broad range of glycocalyx depth measurements (0.17–3.02 μm) were obtained with different labels, imaging techniques and analysis methods. The distance between peak cell membrane and peak glycocalyx label provided the most reliable measure of endothelial glycocalyx anatomy, correlating with paired, numerically smaller values of endothelial glycocalyx depth (0.078 ± 0.016 μm) from electron micrographs of the same portion of the same vessel. Disruption of sialic acid residues within the endothelial glycocalyx using neuraminidase perfusion decreased endothelial glycocalyx depth and increased apparent solute permeability to albumin in the same vessels in a time‐dependent manner, with changes in all three true vessel wall permeability coefficients (hydraulic conductivity, reflection coefficient and diffusive solute permeability). These novel technologies expand the range of techniques that permit direct studies of the structure of the endothelial glycocalyx and dependent microvascular functions in vivo, and demonstrate that sialic acid residues within the endothelial glycocalyx are critical regulators of microvascular permeability to both water and albumin. We have developed novel techniques for paired, direct, real‐time in vivo quantification of endothelial glycocalyx structure and associated microvessel permeability. Commonly used imaging and analysis techniques yield measurements of endothelial glycocalyx depth that vary by over an order of magnitude within the same vessel. The anatomical distance between maximal glycocalyx label and maximal endothelial cell plasma membrane label provides the most sensitive and reliable measure of endothelial glycocalyx depth. Sialic acid residues of the endothelial glycocalyx regulate glycocalyx structure and microvessel permeability to both water and albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai B Betteridge
- Bristol Renal, Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology & Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Kenton P Arkill
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.,Biofisika Institute (CSIC UPV/EHU) and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE), University of the Basque Country, Spain
| | - Christopher R Neal
- Bristol Renal, Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology & Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Steven J Harper
- Bristol Renal, Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology & Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Rebecca R Foster
- Bristol Renal, Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology & Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Simon C Satchell
- Bristol Renal, Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology & Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - David O Bates
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Andrew H J Salmon
- Bristol Renal, Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology & Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK.,Renal Service, Specialist Medicine and Health of Older People, Waitemata DHB, Auckland, New Zealand
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49
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Bates DO, Arkill KP, Bell JS, Winlove CP, Harper SJ, Neal CR. BOWMAN'S CAPSULE CORRECTED: UNDISCOVERED VASCULAR CHAMBERS IN THE RENAL GLOMERULUS. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.721.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David O. Bates
- Cancer BiologyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - James S. Bell
- School of PhysicsUniversity of ExeterExeterUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Steven J. Harper
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
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50
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Bates DO, Fernandes CS, Usman KY, Bourne J, Collier P, Ali S, Kaira S, Gregory S, Pang V, Allen C, Grabowska AM, Denning C, Benest AV. ZEB1 REGULATES MULTIPLE ASPECTS OF ENDOTHELIAL QUIESCENCE DURING VASCULAR REMODELLING. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.726.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shahzeb Ali
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Spandan Kaira
- Stem CellsUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Vincent Pang
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Claire Allen
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Chris Denning
- Stem CellsUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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