1
|
Solomon D, Cabecinha M, Gibbs J, Burns F, Sabin CA. How do we measure unmet need within sexual and reproductive health? A systematic review. Perspect Public Health 2024; 144:78-85. [PMID: 36127856 PMCID: PMC10916345 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221118778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing health inequality with sexual and reproductive health requires an understanding of unmet need within a range of populations. This review examined the methods and definitions that have been used to measure unmet need, and the populations most frequently assessed. METHODS Five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Health Management and Policy Database (HMIC)) were searched for studies that described quantitative measurement of unmet need within sexual and/or reproductive health between 2010 and 2021. A narrative synthesis was then undertaken to ascertain themes within the literature. RESULTS The database search yielded 19,747 papers; 216 papers were included after screening. 190 studies assessed unmet reproductive health need, of which 137 were analyses of trends among people living in low/lower-middle income countries; 181 used cross-sectional data, with only nine analyses being longitudinal. Eighteen studies analysed unmet sexual health need, of which 12 focused on high and upper-middle income populations. 16 papers used cross-sectional analyses. The remaining 10 studies examined unmet need for a combination of sexual and reproductive health services, eight among populations from upper-middle or high income countries. All were cross-sectional analyses. 165 studies used the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) definition of unmet need; no other standardised definition was used among the remaining papers. DISCUSSION There is a significant focus on unmet need for contraception among women in low income countries within the published literature, leaving considerable evidence gaps in relation to unmet need within sexual health generally and among men in particular, and unmet reproductive health need in high income settings. In addition, using an increased range of data collection methods, analyses and definitions of unmet need would enable better understanding of health inequality in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Solomon
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - M Cabecinha
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Gibbs
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - F Burns
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - CA Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Belay A, Mirzabaev A, Recha JW, Oludhe C, Osano PM, Berhane Z, Olaka LA, Tegegne YT, Demissie T, Mutsami C, Solomon D. Does climate-smart agriculture improve household income and food security? Evidence from Southern Ethiopia. Environ Dev Sustain 2023:1-28. [PMID: 37362980 PMCID: PMC10175932 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Climate change threatens African countries' economic development and affects agriculture and food security. Ethiopia is especially vulnerable to the negative effects of climate change because its economy is dependent on climate-sensitive livelihoods that have limited potential for adaptation. Emerging evidence indicates that climate-smart agriculture (CSA) can help smallholder farmers adapt to climate change and increase agricultural productivity, thereby enhancing household income and food security. In the study area, different CSA practices have been adopted to mitigate the negative effects of climate change and improve agricultural productivity, income, and food security. Therefore, this study examines the impact of CSA practices on household income and food security in southern Ethiopia. A total of 385 households were selected using multistage sampling. Primary and secondary data were used, and propensity score matching with different types of matching algorithms, such as nearest neighbor, kernel, and radius matching, was employed to quantify the conditional impacts of CSA intervention on farm income and food security. In comparison with non adopters farmers that have adopted CSA practices had a higher food consumption score between 6.27 and 8.15, which was statistically significant at the 1% level. Overall, 34.55% of interviewed households had acceptable food consumption scores, 44.68% had borderline, and 20.77% had poor food consumption scores. Furthermore, households that adopted CSA practices had a 20.30% higher average annual farm income per hectare than non-adopters. The study suggests that effective extension services, accurate climate information, and sound policy support are required to promote and scale up CSA measures in the study area to improve farmers' adaptive capacity, farm income, and food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abrham Belay
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Earth and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
- Stockholm Environment Institute-Africa, World Agroforestry Centre, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya
- European Forest Institute (EFI), Platz Der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alisher Mirzabaev
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - John W. Recha
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Christopher Oludhe
- Department of Earth and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Philip M. Osano
- Stockholm Environment Institute-Africa, World Agroforestry Centre, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zerihun Berhane
- Center for African and Asian Studies, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lydia A. Olaka
- Department of Earth and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Geoscience and the Environment, The Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yitagesu T. Tegegne
- European Forest Institute (EFI), Platz Der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Teferi Demissie
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chrispinus Mutsami
- Climate Prediction and Applications Center Institution, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, Hargeisa, Somaliland
| | - Dawit Solomon
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haile A, Getachew T, Rekik M, Abebe A, Abate Z, Jimma A, Mwacharo JM, Mueller J, Belay B, Solomon D, Hyera E, Nguluma AS, Gondwe T, Rischkowsky B. How to succeed in implementing community-based breeding programs: Lessons from the field in Eastern and Southern Africa. Front Genet 2023; 14:1119024. [PMID: 37020995 PMCID: PMC10067722 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1119024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breeding programs involving either centralized nucleus schemes and/or importation of exotic germplasm for crossbreeding were not successful and sustainable in most Africa countries. Community-based breeding programs (CBBPs) are now suggested as alternatives that aim to improve local breeds and concurrently conserve them. Community-based breeding program is unique in that it involves the different actors from the initial phase of design up until implementation of the programs, gives farmers the knowledge, skills and support they need to continue making improvements long into the future and is suitable for low input systems. In Ethiopia, we piloted CBBPs in sheep and goats, and the results show that they are technically feasible to implement, generate genetic gains in breeding goal traits and result in socio-economic impact. In Malawi, CBBPs were piloted in local goats, and results showed substantial gain in production traits of growth and carcass yields. CBBPs are currently being integrated into goat pass-on programs in few NGOs and is out-scaled to local pig production. Impressive results have also been generated from pilot CBBPs in Tanzania. From experiential monitoring and learning, their success depends on the following: 1) identification of the right beneficiaries; 2) clear framework for dissemination of improved genetics and an up/out scaling strategy; 3) institutional arrangements including establishment of breeders’ cooperatives to support functionality and sustainability; 4) capacity development of the different actors on animal husbandry, breeding practices, breeding value estimation and sound financial management; 5) easy to use mobile applications for data collection and management; 6) long-term technical support mainly in data management, analysis and feedback of estimated breeding values from committed and accessible technical staff; 7) complementary services including disease prevention and control, proper feeding, and market linkages for improved genotypes and non-selected counterparts; 8) a system for certification of breeding rams/bucks to ensure quality control; 9) periodic program evaluation and impact assessment; and 10) flexibility in the implementation of the programs. Lessons relating to technical, institutional, community dynamics and the innovative approaches followed are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aynalem Haile
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Aynalem Haile,
| | - Tesfaye Getachew
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mourad Rekik
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ayele Abebe
- Debre Berhan Agricultural Research Center, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | | | - Addisu Jimma
- Areka Agricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia
| | - Joram M. Mwacharo
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Joaquin Mueller
- National Institute for Agricultural Technology (INTA), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Berhanu Belay
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Solomon
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Emil Hyera
- Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, West Kilimanjaro Centre, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Athumani S. Nguluma
- Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, West Kilimanjaro Centre, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Timothy Gondwe
- Department of Animal Sciences, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Barbara Rischkowsky
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mueller J, Haile A, Getachew T, Santos B, Rekik M, Belay B, Solomon D, Yeheyis L, Rischkowsky B. Going to scale—From community-based to population-wide genetic improvement and commercialized sheep meat supply in Ethiopia. Front Genet 2023; 14:1114381. [PMID: 37007959 PMCID: PMC10065454 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1114381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Community-based breeding programs (CBBPs) have shown, at pilot scale, to be effective and beneficial in achieving genetic progress and in improving livelihoods of smallholder communities. In Ethiopia 134 sheep and goat CBBPs were operational producing their own improved rams and bucks. Based on experience the implementation of further programs is possible with appropriate private and public support. A different challenge is the efficient dissemination of the improved genetics produced in current CBBPs to create population-wide economic impact. We present a framework applied to the Ethiopian Washera sheep breed to meet this challenge. We propose the establishment of a genetic improvement structure that supports a meat commercialization model based on the integration of community-based breeding program cooperatives, client communities and complementary services such as fattening enterprises. We calculated that the recently established 28 community-based breeding programs in the Washera breeding tract can provide genetically improved rams to 22% of the four million head. To reach the whole population 152 additional CBBPs are needed. We simulated the genetic improvements obtainable in the current 28 CBBPs assuming realized genetic progress in CBBPs of a similar breed and calculated the expected additional lamb carcass meat production after 10 years of selection to be 7 tons and the accumulated discounted benefit 327 thousand USD. These benefits could be increased if the CBBPs are linked to client communities by providing them with improved rams: additional meat production would be 138 tons with a value of 3,088 thousand USD. The total meat production of the existing Washera CBBPs was calculated at 152 tons and the joint meat production of CBBPs if integrated with client communities would be 3,495 tons. A full integration model, which includes enterprises purchasing lambs for fattening, can produce up to 4,255 tons of meat. We conclude that Washera CBBPs cooperatives can benefit from a higher level of organization to produce population-wide genetic improvement and economic benefits. Unlike in the dairy and chicken industries, for low input sheep and goat smallholder systems the proposed commercialization model puts breeder cooperatives at the center of the operation. Cooperatives need to be capacitated and supported to become fully functional business ventures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Mueller
- National Institute for Agricultural Technology (INTA), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Aynalem Haile
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Aynalem Haile,
| | - Tesfaye Getachew
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Mourad Rekik
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Berhanu Belay
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Solomon
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Barbara Rischkowsky
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Belay A, Oludhe C, Mirzabaev A, Recha JW, Berhane Z, Osano PM, Demissie T, Olaka LA, Solomon D. Knowledge of climate change and adaptation by smallholder farmers: evidence from southern Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12089. [PMID: 36544823 PMCID: PMC9761729 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change has the greatest negative impact on low-income countries, which burdens agricultural systems. Climate change and extreme weather events have caused Ethiopia's agricultural production to decline and exacerbated food insecurity over the last few decades. This study investigates whether farmers' awareness and perceptions of climate change play a role in climate change adaptation using climate-smart agricultural practices. To collect data, 385 households in Southern Ethiopia were sampled using a multistage sampling. A Heckman probit two-stage selection model was applied to investigate the factors influencing farmers' perceptions to climate change and adaptation measures through adoption of climate-smart agriculture practices, complemented with key informant interviews and focused group discussions. The results indicated that most farmers (81.80%) perceived that the local climate is changing, with 71.9% reporting increased temperature and 53.15% reporting decreasing rainfall distribution. Therefore, farmers attempted to apply some adaptation practices, including soil and water conservation with biological measures, improved crop varieties, agroforestry, improved breeds, cut and carry system, controlled grazing, and residue incorporation. The empirical results revealed that farmers adaptation to climate change through adoptions of CSA practices was significantly influenced by education, family size, gender, landholding size, farming experience, access to climate information, training received, social membership, livestock ownership, farm income and extension services. The study found that farmers' perceptions of climate change and variability were significantly influenced by their age, level of education, farming experience, and access to climate information, hence, the need to focus on enhancing the accuracy of weather information, strengthening extension services, and considering a gender-sensitive adaptation approach toward improving farmers' knowledge and aspirations. Agricultural policies should support the efforts of farmers to increase the reliance on climate risk and alleviate farmers' difficulties in adopting climate-smart agriculture practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abrham Belay
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany,Department of Earth and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100,GPO, Nairobi, Kenya,Stockholm Environment Institute-Africa, World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi P.O. Box 30677, Kenya,Corresponding author.
| | - Christopher Oludhe
- Department of Earth and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100,GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Alisher Mirzabaev
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - John W. Recha
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O.Box 30709-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zerihun Berhane
- Center for African and Asian Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Philip M. Osano
- Stockholm Environment Institute-Africa, World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi P.O. Box 30677, Kenya
| | - Teferi Demissie
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O.Box 30709-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lydia A. Olaka
- Department of Earth and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100,GPO, Nairobi, Kenya,Department of Geoscience and Environment, School of Physics and the Environment, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428–00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dawit Solomon
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O.Box 30709-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Solomon D, Gibbs J, Burns F, Mohammed H, Migchelsen SJ, Sabin CA. Sexual health inequalities among women aged 16-24. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Gonorrhoea is the second most commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted infection in England, and diagnoses among young women increased 31% between 2018 and 2019. Understanding the patterns of testing and diagnosis among young women is likely to aid prevention among the most vulnerable segments of this population.
Methods
Data on gonorrhoea diagnoses at sexual health services among women aged 16-24 in England were obtained using the GUMCAD STI Surveillance System. We investigated the relationship between two exposure variables (deprivation and ethnicity), and two outcome variables (number of gonorrhoea tests and number of gonorrhoea diagnoses). Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios for the relationship between the exposure and outcome variables. The testing analysis was offset for the size of the population, and the diagnosis analysis was offset for the number of tests within the population.
Results
Between 2012 and 2019, gonorrhoea testing and diagnosis rates were highest among women living in the most deprived areas. The rate of testing in the least deprived 10% of neighbourhoods was significantly lower than that seen in the most deprived 10% of neighbourhoods (rate ratio (RR) 0.79; 95% confidence interval 0.79 - 0.80), and the rate of diagnosis in the least deprived 10% of neighbourhoods was around a third of that seen in the most deprived 10% of neighbourhoods (0.35; 0.33 - 0.36). When compared to White British women, the rate of gonorrhoea diagnosis was lower among Bangladeshi (RR 0.89; 0.75 - 1.05), Indian (0.76; 0.68 - 0.84), Pakistani (0.87; 0.77 - 1.00) and Chinese women (0.60; 0.51 - 0.71) and was highest among Black Caribbean (2.26; 2.18 - 2.33) and Black African (1.40; 1.34 - 1.45) women.
Conclusions
This analysis found inequalities in the distribution of gonorrhoea among young women in England that may indicate structural barriers to STI prevention that are affecting Black women and those living within the most deprived populations.
Key messages
• Gonorrhoea testing rates among young women in England are highest among women from deprived areas and Black women.
• Gonorrhoea diagnosis rates among young women in England are highest among women from deprived areas and Black women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Solomon
- Institute for Global Health, University College London , London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, University College London , London, UK
| | - J Gibbs
- Institute for Global Health, University College London , London, UK
| | - F Burns
- Institute for Global Health, University College London , London, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust , London, UK
| | - H Mohammed
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, University College London , London, UK
- UK Health Security Agency , London, UK
| | | | - CA Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London , London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rajarathinam V, Gopalakrishnan N, Senthilkumaran G, Vs J, Murugesan V, Balasubramanian C, Devaraju P, Thanigachalam D, Solomon D, Moses Lamech T, Palaniselvam S. POS-021 COVID VACCINE ASSOCIATED GLOMERULAR DISEASES- A CASE SERIES. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
|
8
|
Devaraju P, Murugesan V, Vs J, Balasubramanian C, Senthilkumaran G, Rajarathinam V, Natarajan G, Rajendran P, Dakshinamoorthy S, Jeyachandran D, Thanikachalam D, Arumugam V, Rajendiran A, Durai R, Solomon D. POS-101 A STUDY ON BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
9
|
Radeny M, Rao EJO, Ogada MJ, Recha JW, Solomon D. Impacts of climate-smart crop varieties and livestock breeds on the food security of smallholder farmers in Kenya. Food Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-022-01307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper analyses the impact of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies on household dietary diversity and food insufficiency as indicators of food and nutrition security in Kenya. Using a combination of Propensity Score Matching and endogenous treatment effect approaches, we found that adoption of stress-tolerant varieties of several crops (such as bean, pigeon pea, cowpea, maize and sorghum) improved household dietary diversity score by 40% and reduced food insufficiency by 75%. Adoption of improved and resilient livestock breeds (including Red Maasai sheep and Galla goats) improved household dietary diversity by 38% while reducing household food insufficiency by 90%. We also found that stress-tolerant crop varieties were more effective in improving food security outcomes among households with large landholdings and with more educated and younger to middle-age heads. Effects of resilient livestock breeds on household food security were much stronger for households with large landholdings and with young and/or much older heads that have low levels of education. Given the large, demonstrated benefits from the use of the CSA technologies, policies and programs aimed at their promotion should apply appropriate targeting to ensure wider uptake of the technologies and maximum returns on investment.
Collapse
|
10
|
Atassi L, Haile A, Solomon D, Demissie T, Rischkowsky B, Biradar C, Mwacharo J. Environment Suitability Mapping of Livestock: A Case Study of Ethiopian Indigenous Sheep and Goats. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Tedeschi S, Stratton J, Ellrodt J, Whelan MG, Hayashi K, Yoshida K, Chen L, Adejoorin I, Marks KE, Jonsson AH, Rao D, Solomon D. POS1224 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DISEASE ACTIVITY ASSESSED BY PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES AND FLOW CYTOMETRY BEFORE AND AFTER AN ADDITIONAL DOSE OF COVID-19 VACCINE. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends an additional dose (AddDose) of COVID-19 vaccine for moderately/severely immunosuppressed individuals following an initial vaccine series. The American College of Rheumatology suggests that patients interrupt use (hold) certain DMARDs around the time of COVID-19 vaccination to improve immunogenicity. Whether holding DMARDs around an AddDose of COVID-19 vaccine affects RA disease activity or affects frequencies of lymphocyte populations that may be associated with RA disease activity remains unknown.ObjectivesTo test whether RA disease activity and frequencies of lymphocyte populations change pre- vs. post-AddDose of COVID-19 vaccine, overall and stratified by holding vs. continuation of DMARDs around the AddDose.MethodsProspective observational cohort study of patients with RA who had completed an initial COVID-19 vaccine series (2 doses of mRNA vaccine or 1 dose of adenovirus vector vaccine). Subjects enrolled July-November 2021, prior to receiving an AddDose. Subjects held or continued DMARDs around the AddDose based on discussion with their rheumatologist and/or personal decision-making. RA disease activity was assessed weekly using the validated patient-reported RA Disease Activity Index-5 (RADAI-5) from enrollment through 4 weeks post-AddDose. We compared mean RADAI-5 pre- vs. post-AddDose using generalized estimating equations to account for correlated data among individual subjects. We aimed to enroll 60 subjects to achieve 91% power to detect a 15% non-inferiority margin in mean RADAI-5 post- vs. pre-AddDose. A subset of subjects with seropositive RA provided blood for flow cytometry at enrollment and week 4 post-AddDose. Frequencies of lymphocyte populations (T peripheral helper [Tph] cells, T follicular helper [Tfh] cells, age-associated B cells [ABC], and plasmablasts) were compared pre- vs. post-AddDose using Wilcoxon paired tests with Bonferroni correction.ResultsAmong 71 subjects, mean age was 62 (SD 12) years, 85% were female, and 87% had seropositive RA. Methotrexate (42%) and TNF inhibitors (38%) were the most common DMARDs; 21% were taking prednisone. One subject reported COVID-19 infection prior to the AddDose. The mean RADAI-5 was 3.20 (SD 0.23) pre-AddDose compared to 3.25 (SD 0.23) after (difference of 1.6%, p=0.51). Figure 1 displays mean RADAI-5 in 35 (49%) subjects that held at least 1 DMARD and 36 (51%) subjects that continued all DMARDs around the AddDose. Mean change in RADAI-5 between pre- vs. post-AddDose did not significantly differ based on whether subjects held vs. continued DMARDs (p for interaction = 0.16). Frequencies of Tph, Tfh, ABC, and plasmablast populations did not significantly differ between the pre- and post-AddDose timepoints in subjects that held at least 1 DMARD (n=16) or subjects that continued all DMARD (n=11) (Figure 1).ConclusionRA disease activity, measured weekly with a validated patient-reported outcome, is stable around the time of an AddDose of COVID-19 vaccine. Lymphocyte subsets of interest in RA were also similar before and after the AddDose, supporting the observation of stable patient-reported RA disease activity. Holding DMARDs was not associated with greater RA disease activity following the AddDose.Disclosure of InterestsSara Tedeschi Consultant of: NGM Biopharmaceuticals: payment to Dr. Tedeschi, Grant/research support from: Moderna: research support to institution, Jacklyn Stratton: None declared, Jack Ellrodt: None declared, Mary Grace Whelan: None declared, Keigo Hayashi: None declared, Kazuki Yoshida Consultant of: OM1, Inc: consulting fees paid to Dr. Yoshida, Lin Chen: None declared, Ifeoluwakiisi Adejoorin: None declared, Kathryne E. Marks: None declared, A. Helena Jonsson Grant/research support from: Moderna: research support to institutionAmgen: payment to institution for unrelated project, Deepak Rao Speakers bureau: Merck: honoraria lecture paid to Dr. Rao, Consultant of: Janssen: consulting fees paid to Dr. RaoBristol Myers Squibb: participation on scientific advisory board with compensation paid to Dr. Rao, Grant/research support from: Moderna: research funding paid to institutionJanssen: research funding paid to institutionMerck: research funding paid to institution, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Moderna: payment made to institutionAmgen: payment to institutionAbbvie: payment to institutionCorEvitas: payment to institution
Collapse
|
12
|
P V, Ravindran K, Solomon D, Shaji S, Kamalakannan G, Kannan B, Aruyerchelvan C, Lamech T, Dakshinamoorthy S, Arumugam V, Alavudeen S, Rajendran P, Natarajan G. POS-801 COVID ASSOCIATED MUCORMYCOSIS IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS- A CASE SERIES. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
13
|
ARUYERCHELVAN C, Natarajan G, Thanikachalam Kumar D, Ramanathan S, Alavudeen Sulthan S, Solomon D, Paulpandian V, Shaji S, Srinivasan Badri K, Kamalakannan G, Ravindran K. POS-752 CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOMES IN POST TRANSPLANT COLLAPSING GLOMERULOPATHY. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
14
|
Getachew T, Rischkowsky B, Rekik M, Mueller J, Tessema T, Solomon D, Haile A. Optimizing breeding structures and related management in community-based goat breeding programs in the Borana pastoral system of Ethiopia. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
KAMALAKANNAN G, Shaji S, Solomon D, Ravindran K, Kannan Srinivasan B, Paulpandian V, Aruyerchelvan C, Arumugam V, Selvanathan D, Alavudeen Sulthan S, Dhakshinamoorthy S, Natarajan G. POS-023 SECONDARY THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY – CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
16
|
Tafesse A, Mena B, Belay A, Aynekulu E, Recha JW, Osano PM, Darr D, Demissie TD, Endalamaw TB, Solomon D. Cassava Production Efficiency in Southern Ethiopia: The Parametric Model Analysis. Front Sustain Food Syst 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.758951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to capital constraints and land scarcity in developing countries, introducing new technology to boost productivity is difficult. As a result, working to improve cassava production efficiency is the best option available. Cassava is increasingly being used as a food source as well as an industrial raw material in the production of economic goods. This study estimates cassava production efficiency and investigates the causes of inefficiency in southern Ethiopia. Cross-sectional data from 158 households were collected using a systematic questionnaire. The Cobb-Douglas (CDs) stochastic frontier production model was used to calculate production efficiency levels. The computed mean result showed technical efficiency (TE), allocative efficiency (AE), and economic efficiency (EE) levels of 74, 90, and 66%, respectively. This demonstrated that existing farm resources could increase average production efficiency by 26, 10, and 34%, respectively. The study found that land size, urea fertilizer application, and cassava planting cut all had a positive and significant effect on cassava production. It was discovered that TE was more important than AE as a source of benefit for EE. Inefficiency effects modeled using the two-limit Tobit model revealed that household head age, level of education, cassava variety, extension contact, rural credit, off-farm activities involvement to generate income, and farm size were the most important factors for improving TE, AE, and EE efficiencies. As a result, policymakers in government should consider these factors when addressing inefficiencies in cassava production. It is especially important to provide appropriate agricultural knowledge through short-term training, to provide farmers with access to formal education, to access improved cassava varieties, and to support agricultural extension services.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tesfaye K, Takele R, Sapkota TB, Khatri-Chhetri A, Solomon D, Stirling C, Albanito F. Model comparison and quantification of nitrous oxide emission and mitigation potential from maize and wheat fields at a global scale. Sci Total Environ 2021; 782:146696. [PMID: 33838384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Maize and wheat are major cereals that contribute two-thirds of the food energy intake globally. The two crops consume about 35% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer used in agriculture and thereby contribute to fertilizer-induced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Thus, estimation of spatially disaggregated N2O emissions from maize and wheat fields on a global scale could be useful for identifying emission and mitigation hotspots. It could also be needed for prioritizing mitigation options consistent with location-specific production and environmental goals. N2O emission from four models (CCAFS-MOT, IPCC Tier-I, IPCC Tier-II and Tropical N2O) using a standard gridded dataset from global maize and wheat fields were compared and their performance evaluated using measured N2O emission data points (777 globally distributed datapoints). The models were used to quantify spatially disaggregated N2O emission and mitigation potential from maize and wheat fields globally and the values were compared. Although the models differed in their performance of capturing the level of measured N2O emissions, they produced similar spatial patterns of annual N2O emissions from maize and wheat fields. Irrespective of the models, predicted N2O emissions per hectare were higher in some countries in East and South Asia, North America, and Western Europe, driven mainly by higher N application rates. The study indicated a substantial N2O abatement potential if application of excess N in the maize and wheat systems is reduced without compromising the yield of the crops through technological and crop management innovations. N2O mitigation potential is higher in those countries and regions where N application rates and current N2O emissions are already high. The estimated mitigation potentials are useful for hotspot countries to target fertilizer and crop management as one of the mitigation options in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kindie Tesfaye
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Robel Takele
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tek B Sapkota
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Mexico.
| | - Arun Khatri-Chhetri
- CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), CIAT-Bioversity Alliance, Cali, Colombia
| | - Dawit Solomon
- Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa Program, ILRI, Ethiopia
| | - Clare Stirling
- Cocoa Life Crop Science Technology Platform Mondelez UK R&D Limited, Bournville, B30 2LU, UK
| | - Fabrizio Albanito
- Institute of Biological & Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tesfaye K, Takele R, Sapkota TB, Khatri-Chhetri A, Solomon D, Stirling C, Albanito F. Global high-resolution gridded dataset of N 2O Emission and mitigation potential from maize and wheat fields. Data Brief 2021; 37:107239. [PMID: 34195312 PMCID: PMC8237606 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article provides a high-resolution raw data on Nitrous Oxide (N2O) emission and its mitigation potential from global maize and wheat fields. The analytical results, discussion and conclusion thereof is presented in the related manuscript “Model Comparison and Quantification of Nitrous Oxide Emission and Mitigation Potential from Maize and Wheat Fields at a Global Scale” [1]. This raw dataset has a spatial resolution of 0.0833° × 0.0833°, and comprises pixel level baseline emissions estimated using four empirical N2O emission models (CCAFS-MOT, IPCC Tier-I, IPCC Tier-II and Tropical-N2O) and the model results were validated using experimental data extracted from the literature. Spatially explicit soil, climate and crop management data were obtained from various sources detailed in “Experimental Design, Materials and Methods” section below. N2O mitigation potential were then quantified under four scenarios of excess nitrogen reduction (i.e. 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% reduction of excess nitrogen). We believe that the dataset is a valuable source of information to assess N2O emissions and mitigation measures from maize and wheat fields and to make informed decision. Countries can use this dataset to determine emissions reduction targets in their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) from agricultural sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kindie Tesfaye
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Robel Takele
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tek B Sapkota
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Mexico
| | - Arun Khatri-Chhetri
- CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), CIAT-Bioversity alliance, Cali, Colombia
| | - Dawit Solomon
- Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa Program, ILRI, Ethiopia
| | - Clare Stirling
- Cocoa Life Crop Science Technology Platform Mondelez UK R&D Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fabrizio Albanito
- Institute of Biological & Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sparks J, Vanni K, Sparks M, Xu C, Santacroce L, Glynn R, Ridker P, Solomon D. POS0219 EFFECT OF LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE ON ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND KIDNEY ADVERSE EVENTS IN THE CARDIOVASCULAR INFLAMMATION REDUCTION TRIAL. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Low-dose methotrexate (LD-MTX) is a common first-line treatment for systemic rheumatic diseases, and its use is contraindicated in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) because it is primarily excreted by the kidneys. Among patients with preserved kidney function, the safety of LD-MTX on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and kidney adverse events (AEs) has not been established.Objectives:To investigate the effect of LD-MTX on eGFR and kidney AEs using data from a randomized clinical trial.Methods:We performed a secondary analysis for eGFR and kidney AEs using the randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial. Adults with known cardiovascular disease and diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome were randomly allocated to oral LD-MTX (target dose 15-20 mg/week) or placebo. All participants took folic acid 1 mg six days/week. Exclusion criteria included systemic inflammatory disease and creatinine clearance <40 mL/min (by Cockcroft-Gault). eGFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula. Clinical kidney AEs were blindly adjudicated. The least-squares mean change of eGFR from baseline was calculated at each study visit; the difference in eGFR slopes between LD-MTX and placebo was compared using a modified intention-to-treat approach. We also compared rates of kidney AEs for LD-MTX versus placebo using Cox proportional hazards models.Results:A total of 2,391 subjects were randomized to LD-MTX and 2,395 to placebo. At baseline, mean age was 66 years, 19% were female, mean eGFR was 80.0 mL/min/1.73m2, and 18% had stage 3 CKD or worse. Median follow-up duration was 23 months, and median LD-MTX dose was 16 mg/week. Those randomized to LD-MTX had less decline in eGFR over the entire follow-up compared to placebo (slope difference 1.12, 95%CI 0.59-1.65, p<0.001, Figure 1). Those with CKD stage 3 or worse on LD-MTX saw less eGFR decline than those with CKD stage 2 or better (slope difference among CKD stage 3 or worse: 2.46, 95%CI 1.10-3.82, p<0.001; p for interaction 0.02). The LD-MTX group had higher eGFR than placebo over the first 24 months of study follow-up (p<0.05 at each visit). On safety laboratory monitoring, there were 159 acute kidney injury AEs in the LD-MTX group and 187 in the placebo group (HR 0.83, 95%CI 0.67-1.02, Table 1). There were 37 clinical kidney AEs in the LD-MTX group and 42 in the placebo group (0.87, 95%CI 0.56-1.36). One subject began dialysis in the LD-MTX group compared to 3 in the placebo group.Table 1.Rates and hazard ratios for kidney adverse events per random assignment of low-dose methotrexate or placebo in the Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial (n=4,786).Low-dose methotrexate (n=2,391)Placebo (n=2,395) (reference)HR (95%CI)EventsRate per 100 person-years (95%CI)EventsRate per 100 person-years (95%CI)SCr collected at safety visitsAny event*1593.42 (2.93, 3.98)1874.06 (3.53, 4.67)0.83 (0.67, 1.02)Mild (SCr 1.5-1.9x baseline)1543.47 (2.97, 4.06)1774.06 (3.51, 4.69)0.85 (0.68, 1.06)Moderate (SCr 2-2.9x baseline)190.41 (0.26, 0.64)240.52 (0.35, 0.78)0.78 (0.43, 1.43)Severe (SCr ≥3x baseline)20.04 (0.01, 0.17)50.11 (0.05, 0.26)0.40 (0.08, 2.04)Adjudicated clinical kidney adverse eventsAny event*370.80 (0.58, 1.11)420.92 (0.68, 1.24)0.87 (0.56, 1.36)Mild240.52 (0.35, 0.77)250.55 (0.37, 0.81)0.95 (0.55, 1.67)Moderate110.24 (0.13, 0.43)110.24 (0.13, 0.43)1.00 (0.43, 2.29)Severe40.09 (0.03, 0.23)80.17 (0.09, 0.35)0.50 (0.15, 1.64)New dialysis10.02 (0.00, 0.15)30.17 (0.09, 0.35)0.34 (0.04, 3.17)*Acute kidney injury presence and severity was defined by KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) classification.CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; SCr, serum creatinine.Conclusion:These results demonstrate the kidney safety of LD-MTX among patients without advanced CKD at baseline. We observed a possible beneficial effect of LD-MTX on preserving kidney function, suggesting that inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of CKD in this population.Disclosure of Interests:Jeffrey Sparks Consultant of: Dr. J Sparks has performed consultancy for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Inova Diagnostics, Optum, and Pfizer unrelated to this work., Grant/research support from: Dr. J Sparks has received research support from Bristol-Myers Squibb., Kathleen Vanni: None declared, Matthew Sparks: None declared, Chang Xu: None declared, Leah Santacroce: None declared, Robert Glynn Grant/research support from: Dr. Glynn has received grant support unrelated to the present research from AstraZeneca, Kowa, Pfizer, and Novartis., Paul Ridker Consultant of: Dr. Ridker has served as a consultant to Corvidia, Inflazome, and CiviBioPharm., Grant/research support from: Dr. Ridker receives research support unrelated to the present study from Kowa, Novartis, and Amarin., Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Dr. Solomon receives research support unrelated to the present study from Abbvie, Amgen, Corrona, Genentech, Janssen, and Pfizer.
Collapse
|
20
|
Yoshida K, Guan H, Stryker S, Karis E, Harrold L, Solomon D. OP0101 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DISEASE ACTIVITY OVER TIME AND SUBSEQUENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events not fully explained by traditional CV risk factors. The relationship between fluctuating inflammation due to RA disease activity and CV events is of interest.Objectives:To examine the influence of time-varying disease activity on the subsequent risks of CV disease.Methods:We followed patients from a large US registry of clinically diagnosed RA patients, starting at their first visit with a Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) through the end of follow-up or first CV event. Exposure of interest was disease activity measured by categorical CDAI (high, moderate, low, and remission) averaged within each 6-month window. The outcome of interest was major adverse CV events (MACE) defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke (excluding transient ischemic attacks), and CV death. For baseline confounders we considered age, gender, race, disease duration, Health Assessment Questionnaire, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, family history of premature (age<50) CV events, and RF/ACPA seropositivity. For time-varying variables we considered tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi), non-TNFi biologic, methotrexate, oral glucocorticoid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statin, and aspirin use. We used the marginal structural model (MSM) framework to examine the impact of CDAI at each 6-month interval on MACE. We estimated time-varying hazard ratios (HRs) comparing high CDAI during follow-up to CDAI remission. Several predicted survival curves were constructed under different hypothetical CDAI scenarios, such as early and late transition to CDAI remission.Results:40,721 patients were eligible for our analyses. 77% were female and 84% were Caucasian. The mean age was 58 (SD 13) years with mean disease duration of 8.8 (median 5) years. Mean CDAI at their first registry visit was 14 (SD 13; remission 19%, low 31%, moderate 28%, and high 22%). Other baseline characteristics include: 41% current/former smokers, 31.5% with hypertension, 8.6% with diabetes, 18% with hyperlipidemia, and 52% seropositive. The average follow-up duration after baseline was 4.4 (median 3.3; max. 17.6) years. The crude event count of MACE was 1,050 events / 180,402 person-years.In the MSM analysis, the average HRs, assuming a constant HR, were 1.31 [0.90, 1.90] for low, 1.46 [1.01, 2.10] for moderate, and 1.43 [0.89, 2.31] for high CDAI disease activity categories during each 6-month interval. When approximating time-varying HR with linear trends, the highest estimates during the first 6 months of follow up were 1.61 [0.93, 2.77] for low CDAI, 1.97 [1.13, 3.43] for moderate CDAI, and 2.11 [1.13, 3.96] for high CDAI. These HRs gradually diminished during the follow up (Table). When we constructed hypothetical survival curves with transition to CDAI remission at different time points, earlier transition to CDAI remission was related to better event-free survival (Figure).Table 1.Time-varying hazard ratio estimates [95% confidence intervals] by duration in studyDisease activity measured by CDAIYearRemissionLowModerateHigh0.51.00 [ref]1.61 [0.93, 2.77]1.97 [1.13, 3.43]2.11 [1.13, 3.96]11.00 [ref]1.54 [0.97, 2.44]1.85 [1.17, 2.93]1.94 [1.13, 3.31]21.00 [ref]1.42 [1.00, 2.01]1.63 [1.16, 2.29]1.62 [1.04, 2.54]31.00 [ref]1.31 [0.90, 1.90]1.43 [0.97, 2.11]1.36 [0.80, 2.31]41.00 [ref]1.20 [0.72, 2.02]1.26 [0.72, 2.21]1.14 [0.55, 2.36]51.00 [ref]1.11 [0.54, 2.26]1.11 [0.51, 2.42]0.96 [0.36, 2.53]Figure 1.MACE-free survival curves under hypothetical CDAI scenariosConclusion:High and moderate CDAI were associated with higher hazard of MACE during the earlier period of follow-up, but the increased hazard diminished over time. In hypothetical senarios, earlier transition to CDAI remission would improve MACE free-survival.Acknowledgements:This study was sponsored by Corrona, LLC. Corrona is supported through contracted subscriptions with multiple pharmaceutical companies. The analysis was financially supported by Amgen Inc.Disclosure of Interests:Kazuki Yoshida Consultant of: OM1, Inc., Grant/research support from: Corrona, LLC., Hongshu Guan: None declared, Scott Stryker Shareholder of: Amgen, Inc., Employee of: Amgen, Inc., Elaine Karis Shareholder of: Amgen, Inc., Employee of: Amgen, Inc., Leslie Harrold Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech/Roche, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: DHS receives salary support from research contracts through Brigham and Women’s Hospital with Abbvie, Amgen, Corrona, Genentech and Janssen.
Collapse
|
21
|
Lyu H, Yoshida K, Zhao SS, García-Albéniz X, Wei J, Zeng C, Tedeschi S, Leder B, Lei G, Tang P, Solomon D. SAT0453 DELAYED DENOSUMAB INJECTIONS AND FRACTURES RISK AMONG SUBJECTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS: A POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Denosumab is effective for osteoporosis, but discontinuation leads to rapid reversal of its therapeutic effect[1].Objectives:To estimate the risk for fracture among users of denosumab who delayed subsequent dosages compared with users who received dosages on time.Methods:Population-based cohort study. We included patients aged over 45 years who initiated denosumab for osteoporosis from UK THIN database, 2010 to 2019. Observational data were used to “emulate a hypothetical trial”[2, 3] with three dosing intervals: subsequent denosumab injection 24-28 weeks after prior dose (“on time”), delay by 4-16 weeks (“short delay”), and delay by over 16 weeks (“long delay”). The primary outcome was a composite of all fracture types. Secondary outcomes included major osteoporotic fracture, vertebral fracture, and hip fracture.Results:The rate of composite fracture per 1000 person-years was 58.9 for on-time, 61.7 for short delay, and 85.4 for long delay of subsequent denosumab injections. Compared to on-time injections, short delay had a hazard ratio (HR) for composite fracture 1.03 (95% CI 0.63-1.69) and long delay HR 1.44 (95% CI 0.96-2.17; p for trend 0.093). For major osteoporotic fractures, short delay had an HR 0.94 (95% CI 0.57-1.55) and long delay an HR of 1.69 (95% CI 1.01-2.83; p for trend 0.056). For vertebral fractures, short delay had an HR 1.48 (95% CI 0.58-3.79) and long delay 3.91 (95% CI 1.62-9.45; p for trend 0.005).Conclusion:While delayed subsequent denosumab dosages over 16 weeks was associated with an increased risk of vertebral and major osteoporotic fracture compared to no delay, composite fracture risk was not increased with longer delays.References:[1]Cummings SR, Ferrari S, Eastell R, et al. Vertebral Fractures After Discontinuation of Denosumab: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Randomized Placebo-Controlled FREEDOM Trial and Its Extension. J Bone Miner Res, 2017.[2]Hernán MA. How to estimate the effect of treatment duration on survival outcomes using observational data. BMJ 2018.[3]Hernán MA, Robins JM. Using Big Data to Emulate a Target Trial When a Randomized Trial Is Not Available. Am J Epidemiol 2016.Table.Rates and Adjusted Hazard Ratios of FractureOn-timeShort delayLong delayP for linear trendComposite FractureRate (per 1000 person-years)5961.785.4-Unadjusted HR (95 %)Ref1.05 (0.62, 1.76)1.45 (0.95, 2.21)0.097Adjusted HR (95% CI)†Ref1.03 (0.63, 1.69)1.44 (0.96, 2.17)0.093Major Osteoporotic FractureRate (per 1000 person-years)34.831.958-Unadjusted HR (95 %)Ref0.92 (0.55, 1.53)1.67 (0.98, 2.84)0.074Adjusted HR (95% CI)†Ref0.94 (0.57, 1.55)1.69 (1.01, 2.83)0.056Vertebral FractureRate (per 1000 person-years)4.97.319.4-Unadjusted HR (95 %)Ref1.47 (0.58, 3.71)3.93 (1.59, 9.72)0.006Adjusted HR (95% CI)†Ref1.48 (0.58, 3.79)3.91 (1.62, 9.45)0.005Hip FractureRate (per 1000 person-years)10.29.618.3-Unadjusted HR (95 %)Ref0.94 (0.43, 2.04)1.78 (0.80, 3.97)0.18Adjusted HR (95% CI)†Ref0.97 (0.44, 2.12)1.75 (0.81, 3.79)0.173†Adjusted model: adjusted by age, sex, baseline CCI index, major osteoporotic fracture, oral BP duration (years), 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture, prior denosumab doses.Acknowledgments:We acknowledge Dr. Dani Prieto-Alhambra for kindly providing Read codes.Disclosure of Interests:Houchen Lyu: None declared, Kazuki Yoshida: None declared, Sizheng Steven Zhao: None declared, Xabier García-Albéniz: None declared, Jie Wei: None declared, Chao Zeng: None declared, Sara Tedeschi: None declared, Benjamin Leder Grant/research support from: Research funding from Amgen, Guanghua Lei: None declared, Peifu Tang: None declared, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Funding from Abbvie and Amgen unrelated to this work
Collapse
|
22
|
Sparks J, Huang W, Lu B, Huang S, Cagan A, Gainer V, Finan S, Savova G, Solomon D, Karlson E, Liao K. OP0111 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS SEROLOGIC PHENOTYPE AT DIAGNOSIS AND SUBSEQUENT RISK FOR PNEUMONIA IDENTIFIED USING MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of serious infections, with considerable excess morbidity and mortality after pneumonia. RA-related autoantibodies such as anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) may be generated at inflamed pulmonary mucosa prior to clinical RA onset. Therefore, patients with seropositive RA may be at increased risk for pneumonia after RA diagnosis due to subclinical pulmonary injury.Objectives:We investigated whether seropositive RA was associated with increased pneumonia risk compared to seronegative RA.Methods:We performed a retrospective cohort study among RA patients seen at a health care system in Boston, MA. RA patients were identified using a previously validated electronic health record (EHR) algorithm incorporating billing codes, natural language processing (NLP) of notes, medications, and laboratory results at 97% specificity1. We constructed an incident RA cohort using NLP for the index date of initial mention of RA. All patients were required to have both CCP and RF data from clinical care to determine serologic RA phenotype. We used semi-supervised machine learning approaches to identify pneumonia using billing codes and terms extracted using NLP, with the Centers for Disease Control definition of pneumonia from medical record review as a gold standard. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) for this billing code+NLP pneumonia algorithm was 0.94 compared to the standard rule-based pneumonia algorithm (billing code on inpatient discharge) AUROC of 0.86 (p<0.001). Smoking status was extracted using NLP methods. Other covariates, including a previous validated weighted RA multimorbidity score2, were determined using structured EHR data. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pneumonia adjusting for potential confounders.Results:We analyzed a total of 4,110 patients with incident RA and both CCP/RF data available. Mean age at index date was 53.0 years (SD 14.8), 77.2% were female, and 79.8% were CCP+ or RF+. During 32,248 patient-years of follow-up (mean 7.8 years/patient), we identified 240 pneumonia cases. Patients with seropositive RA had a HR of 1.99 (95%CI 1.30-3.01, Table) for pneumonia compared to patients with seronegative RA, adjusted for age, sex, smoking, index year, ESR level, glucocorticoid use, DMARD use, and weighted RA multimorbidity score. While CCP+ RA (HR 1.91, 95%CI 1.23-2.97) and RF+ RA (HR 2.07, 95%CI 1.35-3.16) had increased pneumonia risk compared to seronegative RA, the CCP+RF- RA subgroup had no association with pneumonia (HR 0.67, 95%CI 0.23-1.93).Conclusion:Patients with incident seropositive RA, particularly RF+ RA, had increased risk for pneumonia throughout the RA disease course that was not explained by measured confounders including smoking status, multimorbidity, medications, and ESR level. Further studies should investigate how RF+ may predispose RA patients to later develop pneumonia after clinical RA diagnosis.References:[1]Liao KP, Cai T, Gainer V, et al. Electronic medical records for discovery research in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 2010;62(8):1120–1127.[2]Radner H, Yoshida K, Mjaavatten MD, et al. Development of a multimorbidity index: Impact on quality of life using a rheumatoid arthritis cohort. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015;45(2):167–173.Disclosure of Interests:Jeffrey Sparks Consultant of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Optum, Janssen, Gilead, Weixing Huang: None declared, Bing Lu: None declared, Sicong Huang: None declared, Andrew Cagan: None declared, Vivian Gainer: None declared, Sean Finan: None declared, Guergana Savova: None declared, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Funding from Abbvie and Amgen unrelated to this work, Elizabeth Karlson: None declared, Katherine Liao: None declared
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao SS, Lyu H, Solomon D, Yoshida K. FRI0519 IMPROVING RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH USING THE TARGET TRIAL EMULATION FRAMEWORK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Methods used in observational comparative effectiveness research (CER) are highly variable. Target trial emulation is an intuitive design approach that encourages researchers to formulate their question as a hypothetical randomised controlled trial (RCT), or the “target trial”. Using observational data to emulate the target trial helps avoid common biases and has been shown to better align results with actual RCTs.Objectives:We systematically reviewed observational CER studies in rheumatoid arthritis to provide examples of design issues that might have been avoided by using target trial emulation.Methods:We searched for head-to-head effectiveness comparisons of biologic DMARDs in RA. Study designs were reviewed for components of target trial emulation: 1) eligibility criteria, 2) treatment strategies, 3) assignment procedures, 4) follow-up period, 5) outcome, 6) causal contrasts of interest (i.e., intention-to-treat or per-protocol effect), and 7) analysis plan. Reported methods were taken as the “emulation” of a corresponding target trial, to assess design issues that might introduce bias.Results:We found 31 CER studies, the majority of which had one design issue belonging to one of the 7 protocol components (Table 1). The most common issues were: 1) 17 out of 31 studies used post-baseline information to define baseline eligibility (e.g. requiring ≥1 follow-up), which can bias results; 2) 26 out of 31 studies did not declare their causal contrast of interest, which is often made difficult by issue 1 and impacts data analysis and interpretation; and 3) 9 out of 31 studies used statistical selection of confounders rather than pre-defining them, which can also introduce bias (e.g. through adjustment of collider or intermediate variables).Table 1.Design issues identified in 31 studies and reasons why they do not correspond to well-defined “target trials”Design issues identified in study methodsHow these issues can be conceptualized in a RCT protocol1. Eligibility criteriaPost-baseline data requirement (17 out of 31 studies).Impossible to use future data at enrolment.Differential eligibility for each arm (5 studies).Breaks the notion of one group of people randomized to 2+ arms.2. Treatment strategiesMixing prevalent users and new users (1 study)Impossible to assign/randomize to “havingused drug A for X months”Not defining treatment strategies beyond “initiate drug A at baseline” (31 studies)Implied protocol leaves everything up to the treating physician and patient3. Assignment proceduresWeak substantive justification for confounder selection (31 studies)Broken randomization (due to insufficient emulation of randomization)4. Follow-upUnspecified follow-up duration in longitudinal analyses (5 studies)Infeasible to conceive an RCT with unspecified duration. Analysis results may lack interpretability.5. OutcomeJoint outcome of remaining on treatmentandhaving a good response, to avoid missingness (3 studies)Unusual outcome for RCT although technically possible.6. Causal contrasts (i.e., ITT or per-protocol effect)Failure to clarify the estimand (26 studies)Problem also common in RCTs7. Analysis planITT-type analysis among those with follow-upDeviates from the ITT principle (all randomized should be analysed)Per-protocol analyses did not account for post-baseline selection biasProblem also common in RCTsConclusion:The majority of observational CER studies in RA have one or more design issues that may introduce bias. Target trial emulation is a structured approach for designing observational CER studies that helps to avoid common biases.Disclosure of Interests:Sizheng Steven Zhao: None declared, Houchen Lyu: None declared, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Funding from Abbvie and Amgen unrelated to this work, Kazuki Yoshida: None declared
Collapse
|
24
|
Gopalakrishnan C, Franklin J, Jin Y, Solomon D, Katz J, Lee Y, Franklin P, Lii J, Desai RJ, Kim S. OP0071 PREDICTING PERSISTENT HIGH-DOSE OPIOID USE AFTER TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR) are at increased risk of persistent opioid use and dependenceObjectives:To identify patients with persistent high-dose opioid use after TKR using group-based trajectory models (GBTM) and determine predictors of persistent high-dose opioid users using pre-TKR patient characteristicsMethods:Using US Medicare claims (2010-2014), we identified patients aged ≥65 years who underwent a TKR and had no history of cancer or high-dose opioid use (>25 mean morphine equivalents (MME)/day) in the year prior. All patients were continuously enrolled in Medicare for ≥360 days prior to and ≥30 days after the TKR. To determine opioid filling patterns after the surgery, patients were followed up to 360 days from the day of TKR. We modeled 12 monthly indicators of opioid prescription fills as a continuous (MME/day) variable using a censored normal GBTM and categorized patients into 4 groups. The primary outcome was persistent high-dose opioid use defined as patients in trajectory Group 3 (38.8 MME/day) or Group 4 (22.4 MME/day). We split the data into training (2010-2013 data) and test (2014 data) sets and used logistic regression to predict high-dose opioid use vs low-dose opioid use (Groups 1 and 2) as a binary outcome utilizing pre-TKR patient characteristics as candidate predictors using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression for variable selection. A reduced model with only 10 pre-specified variables readily available for clinical use was also consideredResults:The final study cohort included 142,089 patients. The GBTM identified 4 distinct trajectories (Group 1- Short-term, low-dose, Group 2- long-term, low-dose, Group 3- medium-term, high-dose, Group 4-long-term, high-dose) of opioid use in the year after TKR(Figure). Using logistic regression and LASSO, we predicted the probability of persistent high-dose opioid use (N=17,171) (vs. low-dose opioid use) in the training set (N=101,810) for an AUC=0.80. The AUC in the test set (N=40,279) predicting high opioid use (N=5,893) was 0.77. The final model selected 33 variables and identified baseline history of opioid use as the strongest positive predictor of high-dose persistent opioid use. The reduced model with only ten predictors also performed equally well (AUC=0.77)(Table).Conclusion:In this cohort of older patients with no history of cancer or high-dose opioid use at baseline, 16.2% became high dose (28.1 MME/day) opioid users during the year after TKR. Our prediction model with 10 readily available clinical factors may help identify patients at high risk of future adverse outcomes from persistent opioid use and dependence after TKRFigure. Trajectories of opioid use patterns after TKRTable.Predictors of persistent high-dose opioid use in the reduced modeVariableMultivariable Odds Ratio (95% CI)Predicting High dose vs.Low dose opioid useP-valueAge (in years)0.94 (0.93-0.94)<0.001Females (Ref=Males)0.99 (0.93-1.06)0.78White race (Ref=Other)1.25 (1.04-1.50)0.02Baseline opioid use (MME/day)1.22 (1.22-1.23)<0.001Substance use (Yes/No)1.10 (1.02-1.20)0.02Benzodiazepine use (Yes/No)1.22 (1.12-1.32)<0.001Anxiolytic use (Yes/No)1.30 (1.19-1.43)<0.001Anticonvulsant use (Yes/No)0.94 (0.87-1.03)0.19Antidepressant use (Yes/No)1.03 (0.96-1.11)0.36NSAID use (Yes/No)1.07 (1.00-1.14)0.04Disclosure of Interests:Chandrasekar Gopalakrishnan: None declared, Jessica Franklin: None declared, Yinzhu Jin: None declared, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Funding from Abbvie and Amgen unrelated to this work, Jeffrey Katz Grant/research support from: Dr Katz reported receiving grants from Samumed and Flexion Therapeutics outside the submitted work., Yvonne Lee Shareholder of: Cigna-Express Scripts, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Consultant of: Highland Instruments, Inc., Patricia Franklin: None declared, Joyce Lii: None declared, Rishi J Desai Grant/research support from: Dr. Desai reported receiving grants from Bayer, Novartis, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals outside the submitted work., Seoyoung Kim Grant/research support from: Seoyoung C Kim has received research grants from AbbVie, Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer.
Collapse
|
25
|
Lillegraven S, Sundlisæter NP, Aga AB, Sexton J, Olsen I, Lexberg Å, Madland TM, Fremstad H, Høili CA, Bakland G, Spada C, Haukeland H, Hansen IM, Moholt E, Uhlig T, Solomon D, Van der Heijde D, Kvien TK, Haavardsholm EA. OP0019 STABLE VERSUS TAPERED AND WITHDRAWN TREATMENT WITH TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITOR IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS REMISSION (ARCTIC REWIND): A RANDOMISED, OPEN-LABEL, PHASE 4, NON-INFERIORITY TRIAL. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Remission is the preferred treatment target in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and many patients require biologic DMARDs to reach this state. It is debated whether tapering of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) treatment to discontinuation should be considered in RA patients who sustain remission on treatment (1).Objectives:The primary study objective was to assess the effect of tapering and withdrawal of TNFi on the risk of flares in RA patients in clinical remission.Methods:In the non-inferiority ARCTIC REWIND trial, RA patients in remission for at least 12 months on stable TNFi therapy were randomly assigned to continued stable TNFi or tapering (half-dose TNFi for 4 months, thereafter withdrawal of TNFi), with visits every four months. csDMARD co-medication was kept stable in both arms. Patients had to be in DAS remission at inclusion with 0/44 swollen joints. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with disease flare during the 12-month study period (defined as DAS>1.6, change in DAS>0.6 and 2 or more swollen joints, or the physician and patient agreed that a clinically significant flare had occurred). Full-dose TNFi was reinstated in case of flares in the tapering arm. The non-inferiority margin was 20%, with a predefined superiority test if non-inferiority was not shown. The inferiority null-hypothesis was tested in the per-protocol population by mixed effect logistic regression. Radiographs were scored by van der Heijde modified Sharp score (0 and 12 months, average of two readers, progression: ≥1 unit change). ClinicaltrialsNCT01881308.Results:We randomised 99 patients, 92 received the allocated treatment strategy, 84 were included in the per-protocol population. Baseline characteristics, clinical and ultrasound disease activity were balanced (Table). csDMARD co-medication was used by 93% in the stable and 88% in the tapering arm. In the primary analysis, 5% of patients in the stable TNFi arm experienced a flare during 12 months, compared to 63% in the tapering TNFi arm. The risk difference (95% CI) was 58% (42% to 74%, Fig 1), with stable treatment being deemed superior to tapering. 90% in the stable and 81% in the tapering arm did not show progression of radiographic joint damage, difference (95% CI) -9% (-24%, 6%). At 12 months, DAS scores, DAS remission and function were similar between groups (Fig 2). The numbers of adverse events (AE)/serious AE in the stable and tapering arm were 57/2 and 50/3, respectively, with 26 and 15 infections.Conclusion:In a randomised clinical trial assessing patients in prolonged and deep RA remission, we observed a large increase in the flare rate in patients who tapered and discontinued TNFi. Patients responded well to reinstated treatment and remission rates in the two study arms were comparable at 12 months.References:[1]Smolen et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update. ARD 2020Table 1.Baseline values – n (%), mean (SD), or median (IQR)Stable, n=45Tapering, n=47Age, yrs57 (11)58 (13)Female30 (67%)25 (53%)ACPA+35 (78%)36 (77%)Symptom duration, yrs10 (7)12 (7)DAS0.9 (0.4)0.8 (0.3)CRP mg/L1 (1 – 2)1 (1 – 3)No ulttrasound power Doppler signal in any of 32 joints42 (96%)44 (94%)Disclosure of Interests:Siri Lillegraven: None declared, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter: None declared, Anna-Birgitte Aga: None declared, Joe Sexton: None declared, Inge Olsen: None declared, Åse Lexberg: None declared, Tor Magne Madland: None declared, Hallvard Fremstad: None declared, Christian A. Høili Consultant of: Novartis, Gunnstein Bakland Consultant of: Novartis, UCB, Cristina Spada: None declared, Hilde Haukeland Consultant of: Novartis, Inger M. Hansen: None declared, Ellen Moholt: None declared, Till Uhlig Consultant of: Lilly, Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Grünenthal, Novartis, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Funding from Abbvie and Amgen unrelated to this work, Désirée van der Heijde Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Cyxone, Daiichi, Eisai, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, UCB Pharma; Director of Imaging Rheumatology BV, Tore K. Kvien Grant/research support from: Received grants from Abbvie, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD and Roche (not relevant for this abstract)., Consultant of: Have received personal fees from Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lily, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Orion Pharma, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Sanofi and Mylan (not relevant for this abstract)., Paid instructor for: Have received personal fees from Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lily, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Orion Pharma, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Sanofi and Mylan (not relevant for this abstract)., Speakers bureau: Have received personal fees from Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lily, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Orion Pharma, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Sanofi and Mylan (not relevant for this abstract)., Espen A Haavardsholm Grant/research support from: AbbVie, UCB Pharma, Pfizer Inc, MSD Norway, Roche Norway, Consultant of: Pfizer, AbbVie, Janssen-Cilag, Gilead, UCB Pharma, Celgene, Lilly, Paid instructor for: UCB Pharma, Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB Pharma, Celgene, Lilly, Roche, MSD
Collapse
|
26
|
Lillegraven S, Sundlisæter NP, Aga AB, Sexton J, Olsen I, Fremstad H, Spada C, Madland TM, Høili CA, Bakland G, Lexberg Å, Widding Hansen IJ, Hansen IM, Haukeland H, Ljosa MKA, Moholt E, Uhlig T, Solomon D, Van der Heijde D, Kvien TK, Haavardsholm EA. SAT0148 TAPERING OF CONVENTIONAL SYNTHETIC DISEASE MODIFYING ANTI-RHEUMATIC DRUGS IN SUSTAINED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS REMISSION: RESULTS FROM A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Sustained remission is the goal of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care, and more patients reach and maintain this state on conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) with treat-to-target strategies. The knowledge about whether csDMARDs can be tapered in RA remission is limited.Objectives:The primary objective of the study was to assess the effect of tapering of csDMARDs on the risk of flares in RA patients in sustained clinical remission.Methods:In the open, phase 4, non-inferiority ARCTIC REWIND trial, RA patients in clinical remission for ≥ 12 months on stable csDMARD therapy were randomised to continued stable csDMARD or half dose csDMARD. Patients had to be in DAS remission at inclusion with no swollen joints (of 44). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a disease flare during 12 months (defined as a combination of DAS >1.6, change in DAS >0.6 and ≥2 swollen joints, or the physician and patient agreed that a clinically significant flare had occurred). Patients attended visits every 4 months, with extra visits in case of flares. The non-inferiority margin was 20%, with a predefined superiority test if non-inferiority was not shown. Mixed effect logistic regression was used to test the inferiority null-hypothesis in the per-protocol population. Radiographs at 0 and 12 months were scored by van der Heijde Sharp score (average score of two readers, progression: ≥1 unit change/year). Clinicaltrials.govNCT01881308.Results:We enrolled 160 patients, 155 received the allocated treatment strategy. Baseline characteristics were overall well balanced (Table). 78% of patients in the stable csDMARD arm and 84% in the half-dose csDMARD arm used methotrexate monotherapy. In the primary analysis, we observed flares in 6% of patients on stable csDMARD, compared to 25% in the half-dose csDMARD arm, giving a risk difference (95% CI) of 18.3% (7.2% to 29.3%, Fig 1). Non-inferiority could not be claimed, with the results showing superiority of the stable arm over the half-dose arm (Fig 1). Similar results were found in methotrexate monotherapy users. In the stable arm, 2/5 (40%) escalated DMARD medication following the flares, compared to 18/19 (95%) in the tapering arm. No progression of radiographic joint damage was observed in 79.5% of patients on stable DMARDs and 62.7% of those tapering, difference (95% CI) -17.7% (-33.0%, -2.3%, Fig 2E). At 12 months, 92% of patients in the stable and 85% of patients in the tapered arm were in DAS remission (Fig 2C). The frequency of adverse events was 75 in the stable arm and 53 in the tapered arm, with serious adverse events in 2 (2.6%) of patients in the stable and 4 (5.1%, including two serious infections) patients in the tapered arm.Conclusion:In RA patients in sustained remission on csDMARDs, continued csDMARD therapy with stable dosage led to significantly fewer disease activity flares and less frequent radiographic joint damage progression than tapered csDMARD treatment.Table.Baseline values; mean (SD), n (%) or median (IQR)Stable, n=78Tapering, n=78Age, yrs55 (12)56 (12)Female50 (64%)54 (69%)ACPA+57 (73%)63 (81%)Symptom dur., yrs3.7 (1.8)3.4 (1.4)DAS0.8 (0.4)0.8 (0.3)CRP mg/L2 (1, 3)2.0 (1,3)MTX monotherapy61 (78%)65 (84%)Disclosure of Interests:Siri Lillegraven: None declared, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter: None declared, Anna-Birgitte Aga: None declared, Joe Sexton: None declared, Inge Olsen: None declared, Hallvard Fremstad: None declared, Cristina Spada: None declared, Tor Magne Madland: None declared, Christian A. Høili Consultant of: Novartis, Gunnstein Bakland Consultant of: Novartis, UCB, Åse Lexberg: None declared, Inger Johanne Widding Hansen: None declared, Inger M. Hansen: None declared, Hilde Haukeland Consultant of: Novartis, Maud-Kristine A Ljosa: None declared, Ellen Moholt: None declared, Till Uhlig Consultant of: Lilly, Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Grünenthal, Novartis, Daniel Solomon Grant/research support from: Funding from Abbvie and Amgen unrelated to this work, Désirée van der Heijde Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Cyxone, Daiichi, Eisai, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, UCB Pharma; Director of Imaging Rheumatology BV, Tore K. Kvien Grant/research support from: Received grants from Abbvie, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD and Roche (not relevant for this abstract)., Consultant of: Have received personal fees from Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lily, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Orion Pharma, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Sanofi and Mylan (not relevant for this abstract)., Paid instructor for: Have received personal fees from Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lily, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Orion Pharma, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Sanofi and Mylan (not relevant for this abstract)., Speakers bureau: Have received personal fees from Abbvie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lily, Hospira/Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Orion Pharma, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Sanofi and Mylan (not relevant for this abstract)., Espen A Haavardsholm Grant/research support from: AbbVie, UCB Pharma, Pfizer Inc, MSD Norway, Roche Norway, Consultant of: Pfizer, AbbVie, Janssen-Cilag, Gilead, UCB Pharma, Celgene, Lilly, Paid instructor for: UCB Pharma, Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB Pharma, Celgene, Lilly, Roche, MSD
Collapse
|
27
|
Torres-Rojas D, Hestrin R, Solomon D, Gillespie AW, Dynes JJ, Regier TZ, Lehmann J. Nitrogen speciation and transformations in fire-derived organic matter. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 2020; 276:170-185. [PMID: 32362680 PMCID: PMC7171705 DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation fires are known to have broad geochemical effects on carbon (C) cycles in the Earth system, yet limited information is available for nitrogen (N). In this study, we evaluated how charring organic matter (OM) to pyrogenic OM (PyOM) altered the N molecular structure and affected subsequent C and N mineralization. Nitrogen near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of uncharred OM, PyOM, PyOM toluene extract, and PyOM after toluene extraction were used to predict PyOM-C and -N mineralization potentials. PyOM was produced from three different plants (e.g. Maize-Zea mays L.; Ryegrass-Lollium perenne L.; and Willow-Salix viminalix L.) each with varying initial N contents at three pyrolysis temperatures (350, 500 and 700 °C). Mineralization of C and N was measured from incubations of uncharred OM and PyOM in a sand matrix for 256 days at 30 °C. As pyrolysis temperature increased from 350 to 700 °C, aromatic C[bond, double bond]N in 6-membered rings (putative) increased threefold. Aromatic C[bond, double bond]N in 6-membered oxygenated ring increased sevenfold, and quaternary aromatic N doubled. Initial uncharred OM-N content was positively correlated with the proportion of heterocyclic aromatic N in PyOM (R2 = 0.44; P < 0.0001; n = 42). A 55% increase of aromatic N heterocycles at high OM-N content, when compared to low OM-N content, suggests that higher concentrations of N favor the incorporation of N atoms into aromatic structures by overcoming the energy barrier associated with the electronic and atomic configuration of the C structure. A ten-fold increase of aromatic C[bond, double bond]N in 6-membered rings (putative) in PyOM (as proportion of all PyOM-N) decreased C mineralization by 87%, whereas total N contents and C:N ratios of PyOM had no effects on C mineralization of PyOM-C for both pyrolysis temperatures (for PyOM-350 °C, R2 = 0.15; P < 0.27; for PyOM-700 °C, R2 = 0.22; P < 0.21). Oxidized aromatic N in PyOM toluene extracts correlated with higher C mineralization, whereas aromatic N in 6-membered heterocycles correlated with reduced C mineralization (R2 = 0.56; P = 0.001; n = 100). Similarly, aromatic N in 6-membered heterocycles in PyOM remaining after toluene extraction reduced PyOM-C mineralization (R2 = 0.49; P = 0.0006; n = 100). PyOM-C mineralization increased when N atoms were located at the edge of the C network in the form of oxidized N functionalities or when more N was found in PyOM toluene extracts and was more accessible to microbial oxidation. These results confirm the hypothesis that C persistence of fire-derived OM is significantly affected by its molecular N structure and the presented quantitative structure-activity relationship can be utilized for predictive modeling purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Hestrin
- Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Dawit Solomon
- Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Adam W. Gillespie
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Johannes Lehmann
- Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
van Loon MP, Hijbeek R, Ten Berge HFM, De Sy V, Ten Broeke GA, Solomon D, van Ittersum MK. Impacts of intensifying or expanding cereal cropping in sub-Saharan Africa on greenhouse gas emissions and food security. Glob Chang Biol 2019; 25:3720-3730. [PMID: 31376191 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cropping is responsible for substantial emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) worldwide through the use of fertilizers and through expansion of agricultural land and associated carbon losses. Especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), GHG emissions from these processes might increase steeply in coming decades, due to tripling demand for food until 2050 to match the steep population growth. This study assesses the impact of achieving cereal self-sufficiency by the year 2050 for 10 SSA countries on GHG emissions related to different scenarios of increasing cereal production, ranging from intensifying production to agricultural area expansion. We also assessed different nutrient management variants in the intensification. Our analysis revealed that irrespective of intensification or extensification, GHG emissions of the 10 countries jointly are at least 50% higher in 2050 than in 2015. Intensification will come, depending on the nutrient use efficiency achieved, with large increases in nutrient inputs and associated GHG emissions. However, matching food demand through conversion of forest and grasslands to cereal area likely results in much higher GHG emissions. Moreover, many countries lack enough suitable land for cereal expansion to match food demand. In addition, we analysed the uncertainty in our GHG estimates and found that it is caused primarily by uncertainty in the IPCC Tier 1 coefficient for direct N2 O emissions, and by the agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (N-AE). In conclusion, intensification scenarios are clearly superior to expansion scenarios in terms of climate change mitigation, but only if current N-AE is increased to levels commonly achieved in, for example, the United States, and which have been demonstrated to be feasible in some locations in SSA. As such, intensifying cereal production with good agronomy and nutrient management is essential to moderate inevitable increases in GHG emissions. Sustainably increasing crop production in SSA is therefore a daunting challenge in the coming decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marloes P van Loon
- Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Hijbeek
- Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hein F M Ten Berge
- Agrosystems Research, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Veronique De Sy
- Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guus A Ten Broeke
- Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dawit Solomon
- International Livestock Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Camenzind T, Hammer EC, Lehmann J, Solomon D, Horn S, Rillig MC, Hempel S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal and soil microbial communities in African Dark Earths. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018. [PMID: 29538644 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The socio-economic values of fertile and carbon-rich Dark Earth soils are well described from the Amazon region. Very recently, Dark Earth soils were also identified in tropical West Africa, with comparable beneficial soil properties and plant growth-promoting effects. The impact of this management technique on soil microbial communities, however, is less well understood, especially with respect to the ecologically relevant group of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Thus, we tested the hypotheses that (1) improved soil quality in African Dark Earth (AfDE) will increase soil microbial biomass and shift community composition and (2) concurrently increased nutrient availability will negatively affect AM fungal communities. Microbial communities were distinct in AfDE in comparison to adjacent sites, with an increased fungal:bacterial ratio of 71%, a pattern mainly related to shifts in pH. AM fungal abundance and diversity, however, did not differ despite clearly increased soil fertility in AfDE, with 3.7 and 1.7 times greater extractable P and total N content, respectively. The absence of detrimental effects on AM fungi, often seen following applications of inorganic fertilizers, and the enhanced role of saprobic fungi relevant for mineralization and C sequestration support previous assertions of this management type as a sustainable alternative agricultural practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Camenzind
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Altensteinstr. 34, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Edith C Hammer
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johannes Lehmann
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 909 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, New York, US
- Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, Cornell University, 200 Rice Hall, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dawit Solomon
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 909 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, New York, US
- CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sebastian Horn
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Science Rd, Richmond NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Altensteinstr. 34, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hempel
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Altensteinstr. 34, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Adam A, Robison J, Lu J, Jose R, Badran N, Vivas-Buitrago T, Rigamonti D, Sattar A, Omoush O, Hammad M, Dawood M, Maghaslah M, Belcher T, Carson K, Hoffberger J, Jusué Torres I, Foley S, Yasar S, Thai QA, Wemmer J, Klinge P, Al-Mutawa L, Al-Ghamdi H, Carson KA, Asgari M, de Zélicourt D, Kurtcuoglu V, Garnotel S, Salmon S, Balédent O, Lokossou A, Page G, Balardy L, Czosnyka Z, Payoux P, Schmidt EA, Zitoun M, Sevestre MA, Alperin N, Baudracco I, Craven C, Matloob S, Thompson S, Haylock Vize P, Thorne L, Watkins LD, Toma AK, Bechter K, Pong AC, Jugé L, Bilston LE, Cheng S, Bradley W, Hakim F, Ramón JF, Cárdenas MF, Davidson JS, García C, González D, Bermúdez S, Useche N, Mejía JA, Mayorga P, Cruz F, Martinez C, Matiz MC, Vallejo M, Ghotme K, Soto HA, Riveros D, Buitrago A, Mora M, Murcia L, Bermudez S, Cohen D, Dasgupta D, Curtis C, Domínguez L, Remolina AJ, Grijalba MA, Whitehouse KJ, Edwards RJ, Eleftheriou A, Lundin F, Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Smisson HF, Robinson JS, Fritsch MJ, Arouk W, Garzon M, Kang M, Sandhu K, Baghawatti D, Aquilina K, James G, Thompson D, Gehlen M, Schmid Daners M, Eklund A, Malm J, Gomez D, Guerra M, Jara M, Flores M, Vío K, Moreno I, Rodríguez S, Ortega E, Rodríguez EM, McAllister JP, Guerra MM, Morales DM, Sival D, Jimenez A, Limbrick DD, Ishikawa M, Yamada S, Yamamoto K, Junkkari A, Häyrinen A, Rauramaa T, Sintonen H, Nerg O, Koivisto AM, Roine RP, Viinamäki H, Soininen H, Luikku A, Jääskeläinen JE, Leinonen V, Kehler U, Lilja-Lund O, Kockum K, Larsson EM, Riklund K, Söderström L, Hellström P, Laurell K, Kojoukhova M, Sutela A, Vanninen R, Vanha KI, Timonen M, Rummukainen J, Korhonen V, Helisalmi S, Solje E, Remes AM, Huovinen J, Paananen J, Hiltunen M, Kurki M, Martin B, Loth F, Luciano M, Luikku AJ, Hall A, Herukka SK, Mattila J, Lötjönen J, Alafuzoff I, Jurjević I, Miyajima M, Nakajima M, Murai H, Shin T, Kawaguchi D, Akiba C, Ogino I, Karagiozov K, Arai H, Reis RC, Teixeira MJ, Valêncio CG, da Vigua D, Almeida-Lopes L, Mancini MW, Pinto FCG, Maykot RH, Calia G, Tornai J, Silvestre SSS, Mendes G, Sousa V, Bezerra B, Dutra P, Modesto P, Oliveira MF, Petitto CE, Pulhorn H, Chandran A, McMahon C, Rao AS, Jumaly M, Solomon D, Moghekar A, Relkin N, Hamilton M, Katzen H, Williams M, Bach T, Zuspan S, Holubkov R, Rigamonti A, Clemens G, Sharkey P, Sanyal A, Sankey E, Rigamonti K, Naqvi S, Hung A, Schmidt E, Ory-Magne F, Gantet P, Guenego A, Januel AC, Tall P, Fabre N, Mahieu L, Cognard C, Gray L, Buttner-Ennever JA, Takagi K, Onouchi K, Thompson SD, Thorne LD, Tully HM, Wenger TL, Kukull WA, Doherty D, Dobyns WB, Moran D, Vakili S, Patel MA, Elder B, Goodwin CR, Crawford JA, Pletnikov MV, Xu J, Blitz A, Herzka DA, Guerrero-Cazares H, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Mori S, Saavedra P, Treviño H, Maitani K, Ziai WC, Eslami V, Nekoovaght-Tak S, Dlugash R, Yenokyan G, McBee N, Hanley DF. Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016. Fluids Barriers CNS 2017; 14:15. [PMID: 28929972 PMCID: PMC5471936 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-017-0054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Adam
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Robison
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Lu
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Jose
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Badran
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Vivas-Buitrago
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Rigamonti
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Sattar
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia.,Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Omoush
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia.,Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Hammad
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Dawood
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Maghaslah
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Belcher
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Carson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Hoffberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I Jusué Torres
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Foley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - S Yasar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Q A Thai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Wemmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Klinge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Al-Mutawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - K A Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Asgari
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D de Zélicourt
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Kurtcuoglu
- The Interface Group, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich and the Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Garnotel
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Reims Mathematics Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Image Processing Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - S Salmon
- Reims Mathematics Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - O Balédent
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Image Processing Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.,BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - A Lokossou
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - G Page
- BioFlowImage Laboratory, Department of Medical Image Processing, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - L Balardy
- Department of Geriatric, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Departments of Geriatric, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Geriatry, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Z Czosnyka
- Neurosciences department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Brain Physics Lab, Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Payoux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSER TONIC 1014, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France
| | - E A Schmidt
- UMR 1214-INSERM/UPS-TONIC Toulouse Neuro-Imaging Center, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M Zitoun
- BioFlowImage, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - M A Sevestre
- BioFlowImage, University Hospital of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - N Alperin
- University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - I Baudracco
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - C Craven
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Matloob
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Thompson
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - P Haylock Vize
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - L Thorne
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - L D Watkins
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - A K Toma
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Karl Bechter
- Department Psychiatry II/Bezirkskliniken, Ulm University, Günzburg, Germany
| | - A C Pong
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - L Jugé
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - L E Bilston
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - S Cheng
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia.,Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - W Bradley
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Hakim
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - J F Ramón
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M F Cárdenas
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J S Davidson
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C García
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D González
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - S Bermúdez
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - N Useche
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J A Mejía
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - P Mayorga
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - F Cruz
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C Martinez
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M C Matiz
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Vallejo
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - K Ghotme
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - H A Soto
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Riveros
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - A Buitrago
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Mora
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - L Murcia
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - S Bermudez
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Cohen
- Grupo de Hidrocefalia con Presión Normal, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Dasgupta
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - C Curtis
- Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - L Domínguez
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - A J Remolina
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - M A Grijalba
- Neurosurgery Department, Cartagena University, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - K J Whitehouse
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - R J Edwards
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - A Eleftheriou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - F Lundin
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - K N Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - E Z Kapsalaki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - H F Smisson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Macon, GA, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Macon, GA, USA
| | - M J Fritsch
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - W Arouk
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - M Garzon
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Kang
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Sandhu
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - K Aquilina
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - G James
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Thompson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Gehlen
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Schmid Daners
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Eklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Malm
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - D Gomez
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario, Fundación Santafe de Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M Guerra
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Jara
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Flores
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - K Vío
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - I Moreno
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - S Rodríguez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E Ortega
- Instituto de Neurociencias Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UACh, Valdivia, Chile.,Instituto de Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J P McAllister
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M M Guerra
- Instituto de Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - D M Morales
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - D Sival
- Department of Pediatrics Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jimenez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - D D Limbrick
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M Ishikawa
- Rakuwa Villa Ilios, Kyoto, Japan.,Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Junkkari
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Häyrinen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T Rauramaa
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Sintonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Nerg
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Koivisto
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R P Roine
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Finland and Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital DistrictGroup Administration, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Viinamäki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Luikku
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J E Jääskeläinen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - V Leinonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - U Kehler
- Neurosurgical Department, Asklepios Klinik Hamburg Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - O Lilja-Lund
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Kockum
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - E M Larsson
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L Söderström
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P Hellström
- Hydrocephalus Research Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Laurell
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology, Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Kojoukhova
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Sutela
- Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Vanninen
- Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - K I Vanha
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Timonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Rummukainen
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - V Korhonen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Helisalmi
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - E Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Remes
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Huovinen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Paananen
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Hiltunen
- Unit of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Kurki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute for Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Martin
- Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - F Loth
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - M Luciano
- Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A J Luikku
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Hall
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S K Herukka
- Neurology of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Mattila
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland.,Combinostics Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Lötjönen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland.,Combinostics Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - I Alafuzoff
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Jurjević
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Miyajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Murai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - D Kawaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Akiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Ogino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Karagiozov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Arai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R C Reis
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M J Teixeira
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C G Valêncio
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D da Vigua
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Almeida-Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Ensino de Fototerapia nas Ciências da Saúde (NUPEN), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - M W Mancini
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Ensino de Fototerapia nas Ciências da Saúde (NUPEN), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - F C G Pinto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maykot
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Calia
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Tornai
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S S S Silvestre
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Mendes
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Sousa
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Bezerra
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Dutra
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Modesto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M F Oliveira
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C E Petitto
- Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics, Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Pulhorn
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Chandran
- Department of Neuroradiology, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - C McMahon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - A S Rao
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Jumaly
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Solomon
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Moghekar
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Relkin
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Hamilton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Katzen
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T Bach
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Zuspan
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Holubkov
- Utah Data Collection Center (DCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - G Clemens
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Sharkey
- School of Business, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Sanyal
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Sankey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Rigamonti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Naqvi
- Primary Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Abqaiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Schmidt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - F Ory-Magne
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSER TONIC 1014, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France
| | - P Gantet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A Guenego
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A C Januel
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - P Tall
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - N Fabre
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - L Mahieu
- Department of Ophtalmology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Cognard
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - L Gray
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - K Takagi
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Kashiwa-Tanaka Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Onouchi
- Department of Neurology, Kashiwa-Tanaka Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S D Thompson
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - L D Thorne
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - H M Tully
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T L Wenger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Moran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Vakili
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M A Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Elder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C R Goodwin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J A Crawford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M V Pletnikov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Xu
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging at the Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Blitz
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A Herzka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Guerrero-Cazares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Quiñones-Hinojosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Mori
- Department of Radiology-Magnetic Resonance Research, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Saavedra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Treviño
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Maitani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - W C Ziai
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - V Eslami
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Nekoovaght-Tak
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Dlugash
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - G Yenokyan
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N McBee
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D F Hanley
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rodgers G, Solomon D, Gul S, Naughton C. 44A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT TO CREATE A CLIMATE OF CARE RESULTING IN A REDUCTION OF THE PRESCRIPTION OF ANTI-PSYCHOTICS ON THE WARD. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx055.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
32
|
Navani-Vazirani S, Heylen E, Deardorff J, Srikrishnan AK, Vasudevan CK, Solomon D, Ekstrand ML. The Role of Sex Work Pay in Moderating the Effect of Mobile Phone Solicitation on Condom Practices: An Analysis of Female Sex Workers in India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4. [PMID: 29202126 DOI: 10.24966/acrs-7370/100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phones remain a largely untapped resource in the ongoing challenge to address Female Sex Worker (FSW) health, including HIV prevention services, in India. An important step towards designing effective mobile phone-based initiatives for FSWs is clarifying the contextual influences of mobile phone solicitation on sexual risk behavior. In this paper, we extend previously identified associations between mobile phone solicitation and condom practices by examining whether this association is moderated by sex work pay and offer key considerations for future research and implementation. Specifically, we conducted an analysis among 589 Indian FSWs, where FSWs who did not use mobile phones to solicit clients had the lowest mean sex work pay (INR 394/ USD 6.54) compared to FSWs who used both mobile and traditional strategies (INR 563/ USD 9.34). Our analysis indicate low paid FSWs who used mobile phones concurrently with traditional strategies had 2.46 times higher odds of inconsistent condom use compared to low paid FSWs who did not use mobile phones for client solicitation. No such effect was identified among high paid FSWs. These findings also identified group level differences among FSWs reporting different mobile phone solicitation strategies, including violence, client condom use and HIV status. Our results indicate that low pay does moderate the association between mobile phone solicitation and condom practices, but only among a sub-set of low paid FSWs. These findings also demonstrate the utility of classification by different mobile phone solicitation strategies for accurate assessment of sexual risk among mobile phone soliciting FSWs. In turn, this paves the way for novel approaches to utilize mobile phones for FSW HIV prevention. We discuss one such example, a mobile phone-based rapid screening tool for acute HIV infection targeting Indian FSWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - E Heylen
- Center for AIDS Prevention, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J Deardorff
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - A K Srikrishnan
- YR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education (YRG CARE), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C K Vasudevan
- YR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education (YRG CARE), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Solomon
- SHADOWS, Chirala, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M L Ekstrand
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA.,Center for AIDS Prevention, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Solomon D. SP0130 Comorbidities in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Cause or Effect? Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.6361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
34
|
|
35
|
Solomon D, Sharp J, Boydstun D, Persaud C, Pfeiffer J, Olinger A. Examination of the recommended safe and unsafe zone for placement of surgical instruments in thoracentesis and video-assisted thoracic surgery: a cadaveric study. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2015; 75:240-244. [PMID: 26711646 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2015.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracentesis and video-assisted thoracic surgery procedures can result in haemorrhage as a consequence of severing the collateral branches of the posterior intercostal artery. These branches have been shown to be most common in the 5th intercostal space (ICS). Tortuosity has been shown to be especially prevalent nearer to midline. A group of investigators have recommended the 4th and 7th ICS, 120 mm lateral to midline as a safe zone, least likely to hit branches when cutting into the ICS. The present study aimed to investigate that safe zone as a better entry points for procedures. In addition, investigation of the least safe 5th ICS was also performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 56 embalmed human cadavers were selected for the study. With the cadavers laid prone, 2 cm incisions were made at the 4th, 5th and 7th ICS, 120 mm lateral to midline bilaterally. The cadavers were then placed supine and the incisions were dissected. Careful attention was paid to identify if any collateral branches were cut. RESULTS After thorough dissection of the 4th, 5th and 7th ICS incision sites, it was shown that damage to the 5th intercostal was seen most frequently. CONCLUSIONS Based on this cadaveric study, a 2 cm incision at the 4th, 5th and 7th ICS 120 mm lateral from midline resulted in the most damage at the level of the 5th ICS. The 4th ICS had the least damage seen. Therefore, it is recommended that insertion should be placed at the level of the 4th ICS bilaterally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Solomon
- MSII Medical Student, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mease P, Etzel C, Kremer J, Deveikis S, Li Y, O'Connor J, Kavanaugh A, Ruderman E, Curtis J, Ritchlin C, van der Heijde D, Solomon D, Greenberg J. AB1157 Characteristics of a US Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Cohort: Baseline Data from the Corrona PSA/SPA Registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
37
|
Ander N, Lerner R, Huang X, Tom M, Ngo V, Solomon D, Mueller S, Paris P, Zhang Z, Gupta N, Waldman T, Goldman S, James D, Hashizume R. BT-03 * TARGETED INHBITION OF HISTONE DEMETHYLASE ACTIVITY FOR THE TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC BRAINSTEM GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov061.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
38
|
Paterson HM, Arnott ID, Nicholls RJ, Clark D, Bauer J, Bridger PC, Crowe AM, Knight AD, Hodgkins P, Solomon D, Dunlop MG. Diverticular disease in Scotland: 2000-2010. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:329-34. [PMID: 25359603 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Symptomatic diverticular disease (DD) may be increasing in incidence in western society particularly in younger age groups. This study aimed to describe hospital admission rates and management for DD in Scotland between 2000 and 2010. METHOD Data were obtained from the Scottish Morbidity Records (SMR01). The study cohort included all patients with a hospital admission and a primary diagnosis of DD of the large intestine (ICD-10 primary code K57). RESULTS Scottish NHS hospitals reported 90 990 admissions for DD (in 87 314 patients) from 2000 to 2010. The annual number of admissions increased by 55.2% from 6591 in 2000 to 10,228 in 2010, an average annual increase per year of 4.5%. Most of the increase attributable to DD was due to elective day cases (3618 in 2000; 6925 in 2010) a likely consequence of a greater proportion of the population accessing colonoscopy over that time period. There was an 11% increase in inpatient admissions (2973-3303), 60% of these patients being women. Admissions in younger age groups increased proportionally in the later years of the study, and there was an association between DD admissions and greater deprivation. Despite an increase in complicated DD from 22.9% in 2000 to 27.1% in 2010 and a 16.8% increase in emergency inpatient admissions, the rate of surgery fell during the period of study. CONCLUSION This report supports findings of other population-based studies of western countries indicating that DD is an increasing burden on health service resources, particularly in younger age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Paterson
- Department of Coloproctology, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zwetsloot MJ, Lehmann J, Solomon D. Recycling slaughterhouse waste into fertilizer: how do pyrolysis temperature and biomass additions affect phosphorus availability and chemistry? J Sci Food Agric 2015; 95:281-288. [PMID: 24789609 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrolysis of slaughterhouse waste could promote more sustainable phosphorus (P) usage through the development of alternative P fertilizers. This study investigated how pyrolysis temperature (220, 350, 550 and 750 °C), rendering before pyrolysis, and wood or corn biomass additions affect P chemistry in bone char, plant availability, and its potential as P fertilizer. RESULTS Linear combination fitting of synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra demonstrated that higher pyrolysis temperatures decreased the fit with organic P references, but increased the fit with a hydroxyapatite (HA) reference, used as an indicator of high calcium phosphate (CaP) crystallinity. The fit to the HA reference increased from 0% to 69% in bone with meat residue and from 20% to 95% in rendered bone. Biomass additions to the bone with meat residue reduced the fit to the HA reference by 83% for wood and 95% for corn, and additions to rendered bone by 37% for wood. No detectable aromatic P forms were generated by pyrolysis. High CaP crystallinity was correlated with low water-extractable P, but high formic acid-extractable P indicative of high plant availability. Bone char supplied available P which was only 24% lower than Triple Superphosphate fertilizer and two- to five-fold higher than rock phosphate. CONCLUSION Pyrolysis temperature and biomass additions can be used to design P fertilizer characteristics of bone char through changing CaP crystallinity that optimize P availability to plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie J Zwetsloot
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Navani-Vazirani S, Solomon D, Krishnan G, Heylen E, Srikrishnan AK, Vasudevan CK, Ekstrand ML. Mobile phones and sex work in South India: the emerging role of mobile phones in condom use by female sex workers in two Indian states. Cult Health Sex 2014; 17:252-265. [PMID: 25301669 PMCID: PMC4425944 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2014.960002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine female sex workers' solicitation of clients using mobile phones and the association between this and condom use with clients. Cross-sectional data were utilised to address the study's aim, drawing on data collected from female sex workers in Calicut, Kerala, and Chirala, Andhra Pradesh. Use of mobile phone solicitation was reported by 46.3% (n = 255) of Kerala participants and 78.7% (n = 464) of those in Andhra Pradesh. Kerala participants reporting exclusive solicitation using mobile phones demonstrated 1.67 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.01-2.79) of inconsistent condom use than those reporting non-use of mobile phones for solicitation. However, those reporting exclusive solicitation through mobile phones in Andhra Pradesh reported lower odds of inconsistent condom use (OR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01-0.26) than those not using mobile phones for solicitation. Findings indicate that solicitation of clients using mobile phones facilitates or hampers consistency in condom use with clients depending on the context, and how mobile phones are incorporated into solicitation practices. Variations in sex work environments, including economic dependence on sex work or lack thereof may partially account for the different effects found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - D Solomon
- SHADOWS, Solomon Hospital, Chirala, India
| | | | - E Heylen
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - AK Srikrishnan
- Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, ChennaiIndia
| | - CK Vasudevan
- Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, ChennaiIndia
| | - ML Ekstrand
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cawston H, Alemao E, Bourhis F, Hines P, Le T, Al M, Rutten-van Molken M, Solomon D. SAT0149 Performance of the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Model with and without CRP in RA Patients: Analysis of UK Clinical Practice Research Data. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
42
|
Rajagopalan V, Alemao E, Kawabata H, Solomon D. SAT0069 Performance of the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Model with and without C-Reactive Protein or Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in RA: Analysis of US Electronic Medical Records Database. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
43
|
Classen CF, William D, Linnebacher M, Farhod A, Kedr W, Elsabe B, Fadel S, Van Gool S, De Vleeschouwer S, Koks C, Garg A, Ehrhardt M, Riva M, De Vleeschouwer S, Agostinis P, Graf N, Van Gool S, Yao TW, Yoshida Y, Zhang J, Ozawa T, James D, Nicolaides T, Kebudi R, Cakir FB, Gorgun O, Agaoglu FY, Darendeliler E, Van Gool S, De Vleeschouwer S, Al-Kofide A, Al-Shail E, Khafaga Y, Al-Hindi H, Dababo M, Haq AU, Anas M, Barria MG, Siddiqui K, Hassounah M, Ayas M, van Zanten SV, Jansen M, van Vuurden D, Huisman M, Vugts D, Hoekstra O, van Dongen G, Kaspers G, Cockle J, Ilett E, Scott K, Bruning-Richardson A, Picton S, Short S, Melcher A, Benesch M, Warmuth-Metz M, von Bueren AO, Hoffmann M, Pietsch T, Kortmann RD, Eyrich M, Graf N, Rutkowski S, Fruhwald MC, Faber J, Kramm C, Porkholm M, Valanne L, Lonnqvist T, Holm S, Lannering B, Riikonen P, Wojcik D, Sehested A, Clausen N, Harila-Saari A, Schomerus E, Thorarinsdottir HK, Lahteenmaki P, Arola M, Thomassen H, Saarinen-Pihkala UM, Kivivuori SM, Buczkowicz P, Hoeman C, Rakopoulos P, Pajovic S, Morrison A, Bouffet E, Bartels U, Becher O, Hawkins C, Gould TWA, Rahman CV, Smith SJ, Barrett DA, Shakesheff KM, Grundy RG, Rahman R, Barua N, Cronin D, Gill S, Lowisl S, Hochart A, Maurage CA, Rocourt N, Vinchon M, Kerdraon O, Escande F, Grill J, Pick VK, Leblond P, Burzynski G, Janicki T, Burzynski S, Marszalek A, Ramani N, Zaky W, Kannan G, Morani A, Sandberg D, Ketonen L, Maher O, Corrales-Medina F, Meador H, Khatua S, Brassesco M, Delsin L, Roberto G, Silva C, Ana L, Rego E, Scrideli C, Umezawa K, Tone L, Kim SJ, Kim CY, Kim IA, Han JH, Choi BS, Ahn HS, Choi HS, Haque F, Rahman R, Layfield R, Grundy R, Gandola L, Pecori E, Biassoni V, Schiavello E, Chiruzzi C, Spreafico F, Modena P, Bach F, Pignoli E, Massimino M, Drogosiewicz M, Dembowska-Baginska B, Jurkiewicz E, Filipek I, Perek-Polnik M, Swieszkowska E, Perek D, Bender S, Jones DT, Warnatz HJ, Hutter B, Zichner T, Gronych J, Korshunov A, Eils R, Korbel JO, Yaspo ML, Lichter P, Pfister SM, Yadavilli S, Becher OJ, Kambhampati M, Packer RJ, Nazarian J, Lechon FC, Fowkes L, Khabra K, Martin-Retortillo LM, Marshall LV, Vaidya S, Koh DM, Leach MO, Pearson AD, Zacharoulis S, Lechon FC, Fowkes L, Khabra K, Martin-Retortillo LM, Marshall LV, Schrey D, Barone G, Vaidya S, Koh DM, Pearson AD, Zacharoulis S, Panditharatna E, Stampar M, Siu A, Gordish-Dressman H, Devaney J, Kambhampati M, Hwang EI, Packer RJ, Nazarian J, Chung AH, Mittapalli RK, Elmquist WF, Becher OJ, Castel D, Debily MA, Philippe C, Truffaux N, Taylor K, Calmon R, Boddaert N, Le Dret L, Saulnier P, Lacroix L, Mackay A, Jones C, Puget S, Sainte-Rose C, Blauwblomme T, Varlet P, Grill J, Entz-Werle N, Maugard C, Bougeard G, Nguyen A, Chenard MP, Schneider A, Gaub MP, Tsoli M, Vanniasinghe A, Luk P, Dilda P, Haber M, Hogg P, Ziegler D, Simon S, Tsoli M, Vanniasinghe A, Monje M, Gurova K, Gudkov A, Haber M, Ziegler D, Zapotocky M, Churackova M, Malinova B, Zamecnik J, Kyncl M, Tichy M, Puchmajerova A, Stary J, Sumerauer D, Boult J, Vinci M, Taylor K, Perryman L, Box G, Jury A, Popov S, Ingram W, Monje M, Eccles S, Jones C, Robinson S, Emir S, Demir HA, Bayram C, Cetindag F, Kabacam GB, Fettah A, Boult J, Li J, Vinci M, Jury A, Popov S, Jamin Y, Cummings C, Eccles S, Bamber J, Sinkus R, Jones C, Robinson S, Nandhabalan M, Bjerke L, Vinci M, Burford A, Ingram W, Mackay A, von Bueren A, Baudis M, Clarke P, Collins I, Workman P, Jones C, Taylor K, Mackay A, Vinci M, Popov S, Ingram W, Entz-Werle N, Monje M, Olaciregui N, Mora J, Carcaboso A, Bullock A, Jones C, Vinci M, Mackay A, Burford A, Taylor K, Popov S, Ingram W, Monje M, Alonso M, Olaciregui N, de Torres C, Cruz O, Mora J, Carcaboso A, Jones C, Filipek I, Drogosiewicz M, Perek-Polnik M, Swieszkowska E, Dembowska-Baginska B, Jurkiewicz E, Perek D, Nguyen A, Pencreach E, Mackay A, Moussalieh FM, Guenot D, Namer I, Chenard MP, Jones C, Entz-Werle N, Pollack I, Jakacki R, Butterfield L, Hamilton R, Panigrahy A, Potter D, Connelly A, Dibridge S, Whiteside T, Okada H, Ahsan S, Raabe E, Haffner M, Warren K, Quezado M, Ballester L, Nazarian J, Eberhart C, Rodriguez F, Ramachandran C, Nair S, Quirrin KW, Khatib Z, Escalon E, Melnick S, Classen CF, Hofmann M, Schmid I, Simon T, Maass E, Russo A, Fleischhack G, Becker M, Hauch H, Sander A, Kramm C, Grasso C, Truffaux N, Berlow N, Liu L, Debily MA, Davis L, Huang E, Woo P, Tang Y, Ponnuswami A, Chen S, Huang Y, Hutt-Cabezas M, Warren K, Dret L, Meltzer P, Mao H, Quezado M, van Vuurden D, Abraham J, Fouladi M, Svalina MN, Wang N, Hawkins C, Raabe E, Hulleman E, Li XN, Keller C, Spellman PT, Pal R, Grill J, Monje M, Jansen MHA, Sewing ACP, Lagerweij T, Vuchts DJ, van Vuurden DG, Caretti V, Wesseling P, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E, Cohen K, Raabe E, Pearl M, Kogiso M, Zhang L, Qi L, Lindsay H, Lin F, Berg S, Li XN, Muscal J, Amayiri N, Tabori U, Campbel B, Bakry D, Aronson M, Durno C, Gallinger S, Malkin D, Qaddumi I, Musharbash A, Swaidan M, Bouffet E, Hawkins C, Al-Hussaini M, Rakopoulos P, Shandilya S, McCully C, Murphy R, Akshintala S, Cole D, Macallister RP, Cruz R, Widemann B, Warren K, Salloum R, Smith A, Glaunert M, Ramkissoon A, Peterson S, Baker S, Chow L, Sandgren J, Pfeifer S, Popova S, Alafuzoff I, de Stahl TD, Pietschmann S, Kerber MJ, Zwiener I, Henke G, Kortmann RD, Muller K, von Bueren A, Sieow NYF, Hoe RHM, Tan AM, Chan MY, Soh SY, Hawkins C, Burrell K, Chornenkyy Y, Remke M, Golbourn B, Buczkowicz P, Barzczyk M, Taylor M, Rutka J, Dirks P, Zadeh G, Agnihotri S, Hashizume R, Ihara Y, Andor N, Chen X, Lerner R, Huang X, Tom M, Solomon D, Mueller S, Petritsch C, Zhang Z, Gupta N, Waldman T, James D, Dujua A, Co J, Hernandez F, Doromal D, Hegde M, Wakefield A, Brawley V, Grada Z, Byrd T, Chow K, Krebs S, Heslop H, Gottschalk S, Yvon E, Ahmed N, Truffaux N, Philippe C, Cornilleau G, Paulsson J, Andreiuolo F, Guerrini-Rousseau L, Puget S, Geoerger B, Vassal G, Ostman A, Grill J, Parsons DW, Lin F, Trevino LR, Gao F, Shen X, Hampton O, Lindsay H, Kosigo M, Qi L, Baxter PA, Su JM, Chintagumpala M, Dauser R, Adesina A, Plon SE, Li XN, Wheeler DA, Lau CC, Pietsch T, Gielen G, Muehlen AZ, Kwiecien R, Wolff J, Kramm C, Lulla RR, Laskowski J, Goldman S, Gopalakrishnan V, Fangusaro J, Mackay A, Taylor K, Vinci M, Jones C, Kieran M, Fontebasso A, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Schwartzentruber J, Nikbakht H, Gerges N, Fiset PO, Bechet D, Faury D, De Jay N, Ramkissoon L, Corcoran A, Jones D, Sturm D, Johann P, Tomita T, Goldman S, Nagib M, Bendel A, Goumnerova L, Bowers DC, Leonard JR, Rubin JB, Alden T, DiPatri A, Browd S, Leary S, Jallo G, Cohen K, Prados MD, Banerjee A, Carret AS, Ellezam B, Crevier L, Klekner A, Bognar L, Hauser P, Garami M, Myseros J, Dong Z, Siegel PM, Gump W, Ayyanar K, Ragheb J, Khatib Z, Krieger M, Kiehna E, Robison N, Harter D, Gardner S, Handler M, Foreman N, Brahma B, MacDonald T, Malkin H, Chi S, Manley P, Bandopadhayay P, Greenspan L, Ligon A, Albrecht S, Pfister SM, Ligon KL, Majewski J, Gupta N, Jabado N, Hoeman C, Cordero F, Halvorson K, Hawkins C, Becher O, Taylor I, Hutt M, Weingart M, Price A, Nazarian J, Eberhart C, Raabe E, Kantar M, Onen S, Kamer S, Turhan T, Kitis O, Ertan Y, Cetingul N, Anacak Y, Akalin T, Ersahin Y, Mason G, Nazarian J, Ho C, Devaney J, Stampar M, Kambhampati M, Crozier F, Vezina G, Packer R, Hwang E, Gilheeney S, Millard N, DeBraganca K, Khakoo Y, Kramer K, Wolden S, Donzelli M, Fischer C, Petriccione M, Dunkel I, Afzal S, Carret AS, Fleming A, Larouche V, Zelcer S, Johnston DL, Kostova M, Mpofu C, Decarie JC, Strother D, Lafay-Cousin L, Eisenstat D, Fryer C, Hukin J, Bartels U, Bouffet E, Hsu M, Lasky J, Moore T, Liau L, Davidson T, Prins R, Fouladi M, Bartels U, Warren K, Hassal T, Baugh J, Kirkendall J, Doughman R, Leach J, Jones B, Miles L, Hawkins C, Bouffet E, Hargrave D, Grill J, Jones C, Jacques T, Savage S, Goldman S, Leary S, Packer R, Saunders D, Wesseling P, Varlet P, van Vuurden D, Wallace R, Flutter B, Morgenestern D, Hargrave D, Blanco E, Howe K, Lowdell M, Samuel E, Michalski A, Anderson J, Arakawa Y, Umeda K, Watanabe KI, Mizowaki T, Hiraoka M, Hiramatsu H, Adachi S, Kunieda T, Takagi Y, Miyamoto S, Venneti S, Santi M, Felicella MM, Sullivan LM, Dolgalev I, Martinez D, Perry A, Lewis PW, Allis DC, Thompson CB, Judkins AR. HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS AND DIPG. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
44
|
An J, Alemao E, Cheetham T, Reynolds K, Kawabata H, Solomon D. SAT0044 The Role of C-Reactive Protein or Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Predicting Cardiovascular Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Analysis of Data from US Managed Care Organization. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
45
|
Aaberg-Jessen C, Fogh L, Halle B, Jensen V, Brunner N, Kristensen BW, Abe T, Momii Y, Watanabe J, Morisaki I, Natsume A, Wakabayashi T, Fujiki M, Aldaz B, Fabius AWM, Silber J, Harinath G, Chan TA, Huse JT, Anai S, Hide T, Nakamura H, Makino K, Yano S, Kuratsu JI, Balyasnikova IV, Prasol MS, Kanoija DK, Aboody KS, Lesniak MS, Barone T, Burkhart C, Purmal A, Gudkov A, Gurova K, Plunkett R, Barton K, Misuraca K, Cordero F, Dobrikova E, Min H, Gromeier M, Kirsch D, Becher O, Pont LB, Kloezeman J, van den Bent M, Kanaar R, Kremer A, Swagemakers S, French P, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Leenstra S, Pont LB, Balvers R, Kloezeman J, Kleijn A, Lawler S, Leenstra S, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Gong X, Andres A, Hanson J, Delashaw J, Bota D, Chen CC, Yao NW, Chuang WJ, Chang C, Chen PY, Huang CY, Wei KC, Cheng Y, Dai Q, Morshed R, Han Y, Auffinger B, Wainwright D, Zhang L, Tobias A, Rincon E, Thaci B, Ahmed A, He C, Lesniak M, Choi YA, Pandya H, Gibo DM, Fokt I, Priebe W, Debinski W, Chornenkyy Y, Agnihotri S, Buczkowicz P, Rakopoulos P, Morrison A, Barszczyk M, Becher O, Hawkins C, Chung S, Decollogne S, Luk P, Shen H, Ha W, Day B, Stringer B, Hogg P, Dilda P, McDonald K, Moore S, Hayden-Gephart M, Bergen J, Su Y, Rayburn H, Edwards M, Scott M, Cochran J, Das A, Varma AK, Wallace GC, Dixon-Mah YN, Vandergrift WA, Giglio P, Ray SK, Patel SJ, Banik NL, Dasgupta T, Olow A, Yang X, Mueller S, Prados M, James CD, Haas-Kogan D, Dave ND, Desai PB, Gudelsky GA, Chow LML, LaSance K, Qi X, Driscoll J, Driscoll J, Ebsworth K, Walters MJ, Ertl LS, Wang Y, Berahovic RD, McMahon J, Powers JP, Jaen JC, Schall TJ, Eroglu Z, Portnow J, Sacramento A, Garcia E, Raubitschek A, Synold T, Esaki S, Rabkin S, Martuza R, Wakimoto H, Ferluga S, Tome CL, Debinski W, Forde HE, Netland IA, Sleire L, Skeie B, Enger PO, Goplen D, Giladi M, Tichon A, Schneiderman R, Porat Y, Munster M, Dishon M, Weinberg U, Kirson E, Wasserman Y, Palti Y, Giladi M, Porat Y, Schneiderman R, Munster M, Weinberg U, Kirson E, Palti Y, Gramatzki D, Staudinger M, Frei K, Peipp M, Weller M, Grasso C, Liu L, Becher O, Berlow N, Davis L, Fouladi M, Gajjar A, Hawkins C, Huang E, Hulleman E, Hutt M, Keller C, Li XN, Meltzer P, Quezado M, Quist M, Raabe E, Spellman P, Truffaux N, van Vurden D, Wang N, Warren K, Pal R, Grill J, Monje M, Green AL, Ramkissoon S, McCauley D, Jones K, Perry JA, Ramkissoon L, Maire C, Shacham S, Ligon KL, Kung AL, Zielinska-Chomej K, Grozman V, Tu J, Viktorsson K, Lewensohn R, Gupta S, Mladek A, Bakken K, Carlson B, Boakye-Agyeman F, Kizilbash S, Schroeder M, Reid J, Sarkaria J, Hadaczek P, Ozawa T, Soroceanu L, Yoshida Y, Matlaf L, Singer E, Fiallos E, James CD, Cobbs CS, Hashizume R, Tom M, Ihara Y, Ozawa T, Santos R, Torre JDL, Lepe E, Waldman T, Prados M, James D, Hashizume R, Ihara Y, Huang X, Yu-Jen L, Tom M, Mueller S, Gupta N, Solomon D, Waldman T, Zhang Z, James D, Hayashi T, Adachi K, Nagahisa S, Hasegawa M, Hirose Y, Gephart MH, Moore S, Bergen J, Su YS, Rayburn H, Scott M, Cochran J, Hingtgen S, Kasmieh R, Nesterenko I, Figueiredo JL, Dash R, Sarkar D, Fisher P, Shah K, Horne E, Diaz P, Stella N, Huang C, Yang H, Wei K, Huang T, Hlavaty J, Ostertag D, Espinoza FL, Martin B, Petznek H, Rodriguez-Aguirre M, Ibanez C, Kasahara N, Gunzburg W, Gruber H, Pertschuk D, Jolly D, Robbins J, Hurwitz B, Yoo JY, Bolyard C, Yu JG, Wojton J, Zhang J, Bailey Z, Eaves D, Cripe T, Old M, Kaur B, Serwer L, Yoshida Y, Le Moan N, Santos R, Ng S, Butowski N, Krtolica A, Ozawa T, Cary SPL, James CD, Johns T, Greenall S, Donoghue J, Adams T, Karpel-Massler G, Westhoff MA, Kast RE, Dwucet A, Wirtz CR, Debatin KM, Halatsch ME, Karpel-Massler G, Kast RE, Westhoff MA, Merkur N, Dwucet A, Wirtz CR, Debatin KM, Halatsch ME, Kievit F, Stephen Z, Wang K, Kolstoe D, Silber J, Ellenbogen R, Zhang M, Kitange G, Schroeder M, Sarkaria J, Kleijn A, Haefner E, Leenstra S, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Knubel K, Pernu BM, Sufit A, Pierce AM, Nelson SK, Keating AK, Jensen SS, Kristensen BW, Lachowicz J, Demeule M, Regina A, Tripathy S, Curry JC, Nguyen T, Castaigne JP, Le Moan N, Serwer L, Yoshida Y, Ng S, Davis T, Santos R, Davis A, Tanaka K, Keating T, Getz J, Kapp GT, Romero JM, Ozawa T, James CD, Krtolica A, Cary SPL, Lee S, Ramisetti S, Slagle-Webb B, Sharma A, Connor J, Lee WS, Maire C, Kluk M, Aster JC, Ligon K, Sun S, Lee D, Ho ASW, Pu JKS, Zhang ZQ, Lee NP, Day PJR, Leung GKK, Liu Z, Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Miller P, Webb B, Connor JR, Yang QX, Lobo M, Green S, Schabel M, Gillespie Y, Woltjer R, Pike M, Lu YJ, Torre JDL, Waldman T, Prados M, Ozawa T, James D, Luchman HA, Stechishin O, Nguyen S, Cairncross JG, Weiss S, Lun X, Wells JC, Hao X, Zhang J, Grinshtein N, Kaplan D, Luchman A, Weiss S, Cairncross JG, Senger D, Robbins S, Madhankumar A, Slagle-Webb B, Rizk E, Payne R, Park A, Pang M, Harbaugh K, Connor J, Wilisch-Neumann A, Pachow D, Kirches E, Mawrin C, McDonell S, Liang J, Piao Y, Nguyen N, Yung A, Verhaak R, Sulman E, Stephan C, Lang F, de Groot J, Mizobuchi Y, Okazaki T, Kageji T, Kuwayama K, Kitazato KT, Mure H, Hara K, Morigaki R, Matsuzaki K, Nakajima K, Nagahiro S, Kumala S, Heravi M, Devic S, Muanza T, Nelson SK, Knubel KH, Pernu BM, Pierce AM, Keating AK, Neuwelt A, Nguyen T, Wu YJ, Donson A, Vibhakar R, Venkatamaran S, Amani V, Neuwelt E, Rapkin L, Foreman N, Ibrahim F, New P, Cui K, Zhao H, Chow D, Stephen W, Nozue-Okada K, Nagane M, McDonald KL, Ogawa D, Chiocca E, Godlewski J, Ozawa T, Yoshida Y, Santos R, James D, Pang M, Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Slagle-Webb B, Patel A, Miller P, Connor J, Pasupuleti N, Gorin F, Valenzuela A, Leon L, Carraway K, Ramachandran C, Nair S, Quirrin KW, Khatib Z, Escalon E, Melnick S, Phillips A, Boghaert E, Vaidya K, Ansell P, Shalinsky D, Zhang Y, Voorbach M, Mudd S, Holen K, Humerickhouse R, Reilly E, Huang T, Parab S, Diago O, Espinoza FL, Martin B, Ibanez C, Kasahara N, Gruber H, Pertschuk D, Jolly D, Robbins J, Ryken T, Agarwal S, Al-Keilani M, Alqudah M, Sibenaller Z, Assemolt M, Sai K, Li WY, Li WP, Chen ZP, Saito R, Sonoda Y, Kanamori M, Yamashita Y, Kumabe T, Tominaga T, Sarkar G, Curran G, Jenkins R, Scharnweber R, Kato Y, Lin J, Everson R, Soto H, Kruse C, Kasahara N, Liau L, Prins R, Semenkow S, Chu Q, Eberhart C, Sengupta R, Marassa J, Piwnica-Worms D, Rubin J, Serwer L, Kapp GT, Le Moan N, Yoshida Y, Romero JM, Ng S, Davis A, Ozawa T, Krtolica A, James CD, Cary SPL, Shai R, Pismenyuk T, Moshe I, Fisher T, Freedman S, Simon A, Amariglio N, Rechavi G, Toren A, Yalon M, Shen H, Decollogne S, Dilda P, Chung S, Luk P, Hogg P, McDonald K, Shimazu Y, Kurozumi K, Ichikawa T, Fujii K, Onishi M, Ishida J, Oka T, Watanabe M, Nasu Y, Kumon H, Date I, Sirianni RW, McCall RL, Spoor J, van der Kaaij M, Kloezeman J, Geurtjens M, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Leenstra S, Stephen Z, Veiseh O, Kievit F, Fang C, Leung M, Ellenbogen R, Silber J, Zhang M, Strohbehn G, Atsina KK, Patel T, Piepmeier J, Zhou J, Saltzman WM, Takahashi M, Valdes G, Inagaki A, Kamijima S, Hiraoka K, Micewicz E, McBride WH, Iwamoto KS, Gruber HE, Robbins JM, Jolly DJ, Kasahara N, Warren K, McCully C, Bacher J, Thomas T, Murphy R, Steffen-Smith E, McAllister R, Pastakia D, Widemann B, Wei K, Yang H, Huang C, Chen P, Hua M, Liu H, Woolf EC, Abdelwahab MG, Fenton KE, Liu Q, Turner G, Preul MC, Scheck AC, Yoshida Y, Ozawa T, Butowski N, Shen W, Brown D, Pedersen H, James D, Zhang J, Hariono S, Yao TW, Sidhu A, Hashizume R, James CD, Weiss WA, Nicolaides TP, Olusanya T. EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:iii37-iii61. [PMCID: PMC3823891 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
|
46
|
Liang B, Wang CH, Solomon D, Kinyangi J, Luizăo FJ. Oxidation is Key for Black Carbon Surface Functionality and Nutrient Retention in Amazon Anthrosols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.9734/bjecc/2013/2267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
47
|
Solomon D, Lehmann J, Wang J, Kinyangi J, Heymann K, Lu Y, Wirick S, Jacobsen C. Micro- and nano-environments of C sequestration in soil: a multi-elemental STXM-NEXAFS assessment of black C and organomineral associations. Sci Total Environ 2012; 438:372-388. [PMID: 23022722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Black C is an essential component of the terrestrial C pool and its formation is often credited as a CO(2) sink by transferring the fast-cycling C from the atmosphere-biosphere system into slower cycling C in the geosphere. This study is the first multi-element K- (C, N, Ca, Fe, Al and Si) soft-X-ray STXM-NEXAFS investigation conducted at a submicron-scale spatial resolution specifically targeting black C and its interaction with the mineral and non-black C organic matter in the organomineral assemblage. The STXM-NEXAFS micrographs and spectra demonstrated that pyrogenic C was dominated by quinoide, aromatic, phenol, ketone, alcohol, carboxylic and hydroxylated- and ether-linked C species. There was also evidence for the presence of pyridinic, pyridonic, pyrrolic, amine and nitril N functionalities. The non-black C organic matter contained amino acids, amino sugars, nucleic acids and polysaccharides known to exhibit negatively charged carboxylic, phenolic, enolic, thiolate and phosphate functionalities highly reactive towards metal ions and black C. The metal-rich mineral matrix was composed of phyllosilicate clay minerals, Fe and Al hydroxypolycations, oxides, hydroxides and oxyhydroxide that can attract and bind organic biopolymers. STXM-NEXAFS provided evidence for interactive association between pyrogenic C, non-black C organic matter and the mineral oxide and oxyhydroxide communities in the organomineral interface. These intimate associations occurred through a "two-way" direct linkage between black C and the mineral or non-black C organic matter or via a "three-way" indirect association where non-black C organic matter could serve as a molecular cross-linking agent binding black C with the mineral matrix or vice versa where inorganic oxides, hydroxides and polycations could act as a bridge to bind black C with non-black C organic matter. The binding and sequestration of black C in the investigated micro- and nano-C repository environments seem to be the combined action of physical entrapment in seemingly terminal biotic exclusion zone through the action of metal oxides and organic matter induced microaggregation and through molecular-level association ranging from ligand exchange, polyvalent cation bridging to weak hydrophobic interactions including van der Waals and H-bonding.
Collapse
|
48
|
Solomon D, Yarlas A, Hodgkins P, Karlstadt R, Yen L, Kane S. The impact of MMX mesalazine on disease-specific health-related quality of life in ulcerative colitis patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35:1386-96. [PMID: 22536781 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past studies with ulcerative colitis (UC) patients indicate that disease activity strongly predicts health-related quality of life (HRQL). AIM To examine the degree to which daily treatment with MMX mesalazine predicts improved HRQL for patients with active UC and with stable HRQL for patients with quiescent UC. METHODS Data from two phases of a multicentre open-label trial were examined. In the acute phase, 132 patients with mild-to-moderate active UC received MMX mesalazine 2.4-4.8 g/day for 8 weeks, while 206 patients with quiescent UC received MMX mesalazine 2.4 g/day for a 12-month maintenance phase. Disease-specific HRQL was measured at baseline and endpoint of each phase using the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ). Repeated-measures anova models examined baseline-endpoint changes in SIBDQ, stool frequency (SF), and rectal bleeding severity (RBS). Correlations assessed the associations between SIBDQ and SF/RBS scores, while ancova techniques tested the sensitivity of SIBDQ to disease recurrence. RESULTS SIBDQ scores significantly increased for active mild-to-moderate UC patients following 8 weeks of treatment, while SIBDQ scores remained stable for quiescent UC patients following 12 months of treatment. Changes in SIBDQ scores correlated significantly with changes in SF and RBS scores. Patients with recurrent UC at maintenance phase endpoint had significantly lower SIBDQ scores than nonrecurrent patients. CONCLUSIONS Daily MMX mesalazine therapy was associated with significant improvement in disease-specific HRQL for patients with mild-to-moderate active UC and with the maintenance of HRQL for patients with quiescent UC. In both patient groups, HRQL was significantly associated with disease activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Solomon
- Clinical Development & Medical Affairs, Shire Development LLC, Wayne, PA 19087, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Solomon D, Lehmann J, de Zarruk KK, Dathe J, Kinyangi J, Liang B, Machado S. Speciation and long- and short-term molecular-level dynamics of soil organic sulfur studied by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. J Environ Qual 2011; 40:704-718. [PMID: 21546657 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2010.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated speciation, oxidative state changes, and long- and short-term molecular-level dynamics of organic S after 365 d of aerobic incubation with and without the addition of sugarcane residue using XANES spectroscopy. Soil samples were collected from the upper 15 cm of undisturbed grasslands since 1880, from undisturbed grasslands since 1931, and from cultivated fields since 1880 in the western United States. We found three distinct groups of organosulfur compounds in these grassland-derived soils: (i) strongly reduced (S to S) organic S that encompasses thiols, monosulfides, disulfides, polysulfides, and thiophenes; (ii) organic S in intermediate oxidation (S to S) states, which include sulfoxides and sulfonates; and (iii) strongly oxidized (S) organic S, which comprises ester-SO-S. The first two groups represent S directly linked to C and accounted for 80% of the total organic S detected by XANES from the undisturbed soils. Aerobic incubation without the addition of sugarcane residue led to a 21% decline in organanosulfur compounds directly linked to C and to up to an 82% increase inorganic S directly bonded to O. Among the C-bonded S compounds, low-valence thiols, sulfides, thiophenic S, and intermediate-valence sulfoxide S seem to be highly susceptible to microbial attack and may represent the most reactive components of organic S pool in these grassland soils. Sulfonate S exhibited a much lower short-term reactivity. The incorporation of sugarcane residue resulted in an increase in organosulfur compounds directly bonded to C at the early stage of incubation. However, similar to soils incubated without residue addition, the proportion of organic S directly linked to C continued to decline with increasing duration of aerobic incubation, whereas the proportion of organic S directly bonded to O showed a steady rise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Solomon
- Department of Crop and soil Sciences, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Solomon D, Roopchand-Martin S. How well do pain scales correlate with each other and with the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire? International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2011. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2011.18.2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Solomon
- Physiotherapy Department, San Fernando General Hospital, Trinidad
| | | |
Collapse
|