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Gangbar E, Li Q, Saskin R, Candido E, Niu D. A PROPENSITY-MATCHED COHORT STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A COMMUNITY HOSPITAL BASED HEART FUNCTION CLINIC. Can J Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Zhang C, Niu D, Zhang L, Li X, Fu H. Plant functional traits shape growth rate for xerophytic shrubs. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:205-214. [PMID: 34693599 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trade-offs exist for xerophytic shrubs between functional traits, involving in water loss and assimilate accumulation, can contribute to its survival and growth rate regulation in arid environments. However, growth analysis based on plant functional traits has been focused on the study of herbs and woody species. It is still unclear how the functional traits of xerophytic shrubs regulate their growth rate. In this study, we selectedeight xerophytic shrubs as samples to analyze the regulation process of the functional traits of shrubs on growth rate. Plants were cultivated for three years, and three harvests (every one year) were carried out. Factors explaining between-species differences in relative growth rate (RGR) varied, depending on whether different ages were considered. The results showed that RGR was positively correlated with net assimilation rate, but there was a significant negative correlation with leaf area ration (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf biomass ratio in the age 1. However, in the age 2, RGR showed a significant positive correlation with the morphological traits (i.e., leaf area ration and specific leaf area), but not with physiological traits (i.e., net assimilation rate) and leaf biomass allocation. Our results suggested that the fluctuation of environmental factors affects the regulation path of the plant functional traits on RGR of xerophytic shrubs. However, the analysis of causality model showed that no matter in which age, net assimilation rate and leaf area ration principally drive the variation in RGR among xerophytic shrubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - D Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - X Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - H Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
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Zhang S, Niu D, Wang D, Nie Y, Song N, Wang J, Ruan X, Huang M, Wada R, Ren J, Ding Y, Zhang K, Tang X, Han R, Liu B, Lu L, Jiang W. Measurement of leakage neutron spectra for aluminium with D-T fusion neutrons and validation of evaluated nuclear data. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Suo ST, Gong P, Peng XJ, Niu D, Guo YT. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA VIM-AS1 inhibits glioma cell proliferation and migration, and increases the cell apoptosis via modulation of WEE1 targeted by miR-105-5p. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:6834-6847. [PMID: 32633376 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202006_21673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioma including glioblastoma is the main type of primary brain tumors worldwide. LncRNAs have participated in glioma formation. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism for VIM-AS1/miR-105-5p/WEE1 signaling in glioma. PATIENTS AND METHODS The clinical tumors and adjacent tissues were collected from 24 patients with glioma in the Shang Luo Central Hospital. Then, the clinical samples were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E). VIM-AS1, miR-105-5p, and WEE1 levels were measured using real-time PCR. The protein levels of WEE1, Cyclin A1, PCNA, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Bcl-2, E-cadherin, and Bax were analyzed using Western blot. The overall survival of glioma patients was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. The interaction between VIM-AS1 and miR-105-5p was determined using RIP assay and Dual-Luciferase reporter assay, and the binding between miR-105-5p and WEE1 was also detected by Dual-Luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration were confirmed using CCK-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS VIM-AS1 was elevated in cancer tissues, and high level of VIM-AS1 was positively correlated with poor overall survival. Then, VIM-AS1 could bind to and downregulate miR-105-5p. Furthermore, the knockdown of VIM-AS1 significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. The knockdown of VIM-AS1/overexpression of miR-105-5p inhibited glioma cell growth, colony formation, and migration, and enhanced the cell apoptosis by inhibiting expression of Cyclin A1, PCNA, Vimentin, N-cadherin, and Bcl-2, and by increasing the expression of Bax and E-cadherin. Interestingly, the overexpression of VIM-AS1 reversed the tumor-suppressing role of miR-105-5p in glioma cells. Besides, the expression of WEE1 was synergistically regulated by VIM-AS1 and miR-105-5p. Consequently, VIM-AS1 promoted glioma progression via upregulating WEE1 or downregulating miR-105-5p. CONCLUSIONS VIM-AS1/miR-105-5p/WEE1 signaling may be a promising target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-T Suo
- Neurosurgery Department, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo City, China.
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Meng GL, Wang Q, Kang R, Niu D, Xing N, Xie Y. [The reference intervals of thyroid functional indicators in pregnant population in Xi'an]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:266-270. [PMID: 34645191 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200617-00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To establish reference intervals for thyroid functional indicators in early (T1), mid-term (T2), and late stage (T3) pregnancy in a population of women in Northwestern China. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 620 pregnant women. Subjects were recruited through a questionnaire where apparently healthy women were selected. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroid hormone (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroid hormone (FT4) were detected using the Beckman Unicel DXI 800 automatic chemiluminescence analyzer (the third-generation TSH detection reagent for TSH3),and the reference intervals of different gestation periods were established. The results showed that the reference intervals of TSH3 in T1, T2, and T3 were 0.05-4.59, 0.61-6.01, and 0.63-4.78 mIU/L, respectively; TT3 were 1.62-2.97 nmol/L, 1.59-2.95 nmol/L, and 1.45-2.70 nmol/L, respectively; TT4 were 95.49-185.00 nmol/L, 92.70-181.54 nmol/L, and 77.93-155.09 nmol/L, respectively; FT3 were 3.18-5.22 pmol/L, 2.78-4.67 pmol/L, and 2.51-4.18 pmol/L, respectively; and FT4 were 7.72-12.97 pmol/L, 6.90-1.09 pmol/L, and 5.63-9.85 pmol/L, respectively. All thyroid function indexes had statistically significant differences between the three stages of pregnancy (TSH:H=30.879,P<0.01;FT3:H =153.827,P<0.01;FT4:H =229.967,P<0.01;TT3:H =36.484,P<0.01;TT4:H =58.531,P<0.01). 20 independent samples were collected to verify the reference intervals of TSH, FT3, FT4, TT3 and TT4 for three trimesters of pregnancy, and all of them passed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - R Kang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - D Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - N Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Y Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
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Liu ZJ, Niu D, Li ZX, Guo JC. [Radial artery thrombosis in optical coherence tomography guided transradial coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndrome patients and its risk factors analysis]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2021; 49:37-42. [PMID: 33429484 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200312-00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the radial artery thrombosis (RAT) during transradial coronary angiography (CAG) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to investigate the risk factors of RAT during the CAG and/or PCI. Methods: In this retrospective study, we consecutively reviewed the radial artery OCT examination results of the patients who underwent OCT guided transradial CAG and/or PCI for acute coronary syndrome in heart center of Beijing Luhe hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2017 to July 2018. The incidence of RAT was observed. The patients were divided into the RAT group and non-RAT group, clinical data were collected and compared. Moreover, the types and distributions of thrombus in radial artery as well as the acute radial artery injuries under OCT were observed. Univariate analysis followed by multivariate analysis were performed to identify potential risk factors. The radial artery patency and ischemic symptoms of the involved limb were followed up at the 24-hour and the 1-month after procedure. Results: A total of 107 patients were included, the age was (58.1±12.5), and 78.5% were male (n=84). The incidence of RAT was 26.2% (n=28, 95%CI 17.9%-34.5%), and the main type of thrombus was white thrombus (n=15, 53.6%). The commonest position of RAT was the proximal portion of radial artery (n=17, 60.7%). The median thrombus volume was 0.05(0.03, 0.38) mm3, and the median thrombus score was 6.5 (3.3, 13.8). In univariate analysis, the frequency of acute radial artery injury and use of bivalirudin were significantly higher and the procedure time was significantly longer in RAT group than those in non-RAT group (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the radial artery acute injury (OR=5.82, 95%CI: 2.09-16.20, P=0.001) and the procedure time (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.01-1.06, P=0.006) were independent risk factors of RAT. Rate of radial artery occlusion at 24 hours follow-up was similar between RAT and non-RAT group (7.14%(2/28), vs. 10.13%(8/79), P=1.000). None of the patients complicated severe ischemic symptom of the operative limb. Conclusions: RAT is a high frequency access complication during transradial coronary intervention. This phenomenon can be accurately observed by OCT. Acute radial artery injury and prolonged procedure time are risk factors of RAT during transradial coronary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - D Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Z X Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - J C Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
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Liu H, Niu D, Tham Sjin RT, Dubrovskiy A, Zhu Z, McDonald JJ, Fahnoe K, Wang Z, Munson M, Scholte A, Barrague M, Fitzgerald M, Liu J, Kothe M, Sun F, Murtie J, Ge J, Rocnik J, Harvey D, Ospina B, Perron K, Zheng G, Shehu E, D’Agostino LA. Discovery of Selective, Covalent FGFR4 Inhibitors with Antitumor Activity in Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1899-1904. [PMID: 33062171 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for a majority of primary liver cancer and is one of the most common forms of cancer worldwide. Aberrant signaling of the FGF19-FGFR4 pathway leads to HCC in mice and is hypothesized to be a driver in FGF19 amplified HCC in humans. Multiple small molecule inhibitors have been pursued as targeted therapies for HCC in recent years, including several selective FGFR4 inhibitors that are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Herein, we report a novel series of highly selective, covalent 2-amino-6,8-dimethyl-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones that potently and selectively inhibit FGFR4 signaling through covalent modification of Cys552, which was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Correlative target occupancy and pFGFR4 inhibition were observed in vivo, as well as tumor regression in preclinical models of orthotopic and sorafenib-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Liu
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Deqiang Niu
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Robert Tjin Tham Sjin
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Alex Dubrovskiy
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Joseph J. McDonald
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Kelly Fahnoe
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Mark Munson
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Andrew Scholte
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Matthieu Barrague
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Michael Kothe
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Fangxian Sun
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Joshua Murtie
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Jie Ge
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Jennifer Rocnik
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Darren Harvey
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Beatriz Ospina
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Keli Perron
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Gang Zheng
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Elvis Shehu
- Departments of Integrated Drug Discovery, DMPK, and Pharmacology, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Laura Akullian D’Agostino
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Biochemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
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Hu X, Zhang L, Zhang D, Niu D, Fu H. Effect of phosphorus efficiency on elemental stoichiometry of two shrubs. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:615-622. [PMID: 32160384 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient that can restrict plant growth. However, the influence of P deficiency on elemental homeostasis and application of the growth rate hypothesis in higher plants remain to be assessed. Two shrubs, Zygophyllum xanthoxylum and Nitraria tangutorum, were used as experiment material and subjected to five P addition treatments: 0, 17.5, 35.0, 52.5 and 70.0 mg P·kg-1 soil. The biomass and relative growth rate of Z. xanthoxylum did not change with altered P supply. There was no significant difference in P concentration among the treatments for Z. xanthoxylum, but N. tangutorum showed an upward trend. The P stoichiometric homeostasis of Z. xanthoxylum was higher than that of N. tangutorum. For Z. xanthoxylum, available P in the rhizosphere improved significantly under extreme P deficiency conditions, and P concentrations in all treatments were lower than in N. tangutorum, showing that Z. xanthoxylum had stronger P absorption and P utilization capacity. No relationships between growth rate and C:N:P ratios were found in Z. xanthoxylum. The strong P efficiency, and high and stable dry matter accumulation, are likely contributors in maintaining stoichiometric homeostasis. In addition, the relatively high biomass accumulation and high P utilization efficiency for Z. xanthoxylum does not support the growth rate hypothesis for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - D Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - D Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - H Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Tian P, Vyas D, Niu D, Zuo S, Jiang D, Xu C. Effects of calcium carbonate on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silage. J Anim Feed Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/124047/2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lereu AL, Lemarchand F, Zerrad M, Niu D, Aubry V, Passian A, Amra C. Sensitivity of resonance properties of all-dielectric multilayers driven by statistical fluctuations. Opt Express 2019; 27:30654-30668. [PMID: 31684310 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.030654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In photonics and emerging fields of quantum and topological materials, increasing demands are placed upon the state and control of electromagnetic fields. Dielectric multilayer materials may be designed and optimized to possess extremely sharp spectral and angular photonic resonances allowing for the creation of fields orders of magnitude larger than the exciting field. With enhancements of 104 and higher, the extreme nature of these resonances places high constraints on the statistical properties of the physical and optical characteristics of the materials. To what extent the spectral and angular shifts occur as a result of fluctuations in the refractive indices and morphologies of the involved low-loss subdomains have not been considered previously. Here, we present how parameter variations such as those caused by fluctuations in deposition rate, yielding bias, random and compensated errors, may affect the resonance properties of low-loss all-dielectric stacks.
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Niu D, Zhang C, Ma P, Fu H, Elser JJ. Responses of leaf C:N:P stoichiometry to water supply in the desert shrub Zygophyllum xanthoxylum. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2019; 21:82-88. [PMID: 30102826 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Based on the elemental composition of major biochemical molecules associated with different biological functions, the 'growth rate hypothesis' proposed that organisms with a higher growth rate would be coupled to lower C:N, especially lower C:P and N:P ratios. However, the applicability of the growth rate hypothesis for plants is unclear, especially for shrubs growing under different water supply. We performed an experiment with eight soil moisture levels (soil water content: 4%, 6%, 8%, 13%, 18%, 23%, 26% and 28%) to evaluate the effects of water availability on leaf C:N:P stoichiometry in the shrub Zygophyllum xanthoxylum. We found that leaves grew slowly and favored accumulation of P over C and N under both high and low water supply. Thus, leaf C:P and N:P ratios were unimodally related to soil water content, in parallel with individual leaf area and mass. As a result, there were significant positive correlations between leaf C:P and N:P with leaf growth (u). Our result that slower-growing leaves had lower C:P and N:P ratios does not support the growth rate hypothesis, which predicted a negative association of N:P ratio with growth rate, but it is consistent with recent theoretical derivations of growth-stoichiometry relations in plants, where N:P ratio is predicted to increase with increasing growth for very low growth rates, suggesting leaf growth limitation by C and N rather than P for drought and water saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - C Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - P Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - H Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - J J Elser
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Tang J, Fang Q, Lu M, Shao R, Shen J, Lu L, Niu D. The Effect of Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate on Fatty Liver and the Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota in Overfed Landes Geese. Braz J Poult Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Tang
- Zhejiang University, China; Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Q Fang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - M Lu
- Kaier Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. of Hangzhou, China
| | - R Shao
- Rongyao goose industry Co., Ltd of Changxing, China
| | - J Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - L Lu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - D Niu
- Zhejiang University, China
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Peng K, Huang Q, Jin L, Niu D, McAllister TA, Denis H, Yang HE, Acharya S, Xu Z, Wang S, Wang Y. 283 Effects of condensed tannins on bacterial and fungal core microbiomes involved in the ensiling and aerobic spoilage of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) silage. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Stanford K, Reuter T, Niu D. 0606 Have we improved food safety in live cattle? J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Niu D, Zhu F, Qiu R, Niu Q. Exposure to electromagnetic fields aboard high-speed electric multiple unit trains. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2016; 30:727-731. [PMID: 27655489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High-speed electric multiple unit (EMU) trains generate high-frequency electric fields, low-frequency magnetic fields, and high-frequency wideband electromagnetic emissions when running. Potential human health concerns arise because the electromagnetic disturbances are transmitted mainly into the car body from windows, and from there to passengers and train staff. The transmission amount and amplitude distribution characteristics that dominate electromagnetic field emission need to be studied, and the exposure level of electromagnetic field emission to humans should be measured. We conducted a series of tests of the on board electromagnetic field distribution on several high-speed railway lines. While results showed that exposure was within permitted levels, the possibility of long-term health effects should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Niu
- Electrical Engineering School, Southwest Jiaotong University, China
| | - F Zhu
- Electrical Engineering School, Southwest Jiaotong University, China
| | - R Qiu
- Electrical Engineering School, Southwest Jiaotong University, China
| | - Q Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
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16
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Hu HW, Tang GH, Niu D. Wettability modified nanoporous ceramic membrane for simultaneous residual heat and condensate recovery. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27274. [PMID: 27270997 PMCID: PMC4895154 DOI: 10.1038/srep27274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recovery of both latent heat and condensate from boiler flue gas is significant for improving boiler efficiency and water conservation. The condensation experiments are carried out to investigate the simultaneous heat and mass transfer across the nanoporous ceramic membranes (NPCMs) which are treated to be hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces using the semicontinuous supercritical reactions. The effects of typical parameters including coolant flow rate, vapor/nitrogen gas mixture temperature, water vapor volume fraction and transmembrane pressure on heat and mass transfer performance are studied. The experimental results show that the hydrophilic NPCM exhibits higher performances of condensation heat transfer and condensate recovery. However, the hydrophobic modification results in remarkable degradation of heat and condensate recovery from the mixture. Molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to establish a hydrophilic/hydrophobic nanopore/water liquid system, and the infiltration characteristics of the single hydrophilic/hydrophobic nanopore is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. W. Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P.R. China
| | - G. H. Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P.R. China
| | - D. Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P.R. China
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17
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Abstract
The effect of surface wettability on condensation heat transfer in a nanochannel is studied with the molecular dynamics simulations. Different from the conventional size, the results show that the filmwise mode leads to more efficient heat transfer than the dropwise mode, which is attributed to a lower interfacial thermal resistance between the hydrophilic surface and the condensed water compared with the hydrophobic case. The observed temperature jump at the solid-liquid surface confirms that the hydrophilic properties of the solid surface can suppress the interfacial thermal resistance and improve the condensation heat transfer performance effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - G H Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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18
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Tampella G, Kerns HM, Niu D, Singh S, Khim S, Bosch KA, Garrett ME, Moguche A, Evans E, Browning B, Jahan TA, Nacht M, Wolf-Yadlin A, Plebani A, Hamerman JA, Rawlings DJ, James RG. The Tec Kinase-Regulated Phosphoproteome Reveals a Mechanism for the Regulation of Inhibitory Signals in Murine Macrophages. J Immunol 2015; 195:246-56. [PMID: 26026062 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has shown conflicting roles for Tec family kinases in regulation of TLR-dependent signaling in myeloid cells. In the present study, we performed a detailed investigation of the role of the Tec kinases Btk and Tec kinases in regulating TLR signaling in several types of primary murine macrophages. We demonstrate that primary resident peritoneal macrophages deficient for Btk and Tec secrete less proinflammatory cytokines in response to TLR stimulation than do wild-type cells. In contrast, we found that bone marrow-derived and thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages deficient for Btk and Tec secrete more proinflammatory cytokines than do wild-type cells. We then compared the phosphoproteome regulated by Tec kinases and LPS in primary peritoneal and bone marrow-derived macrophages. From this analysis we determined that Tec kinases regulate different signaling programs in these cell types. In additional studies using bone marrow-derived macrophages, we found that Tec and Btk promote phosphorylation events necessary for immunoreceptor-mediated inhibition of TLR signaling. Taken together, our results are consistent with a model where Tec kinases (Btk, Tec, Bmx) are required for TLR-dependent signaling in many types of myeloid cells. However, our data also support a cell type-specific TLR inhibitory role for Btk and Tec that is mediated by immunoreceptor activation and signaling via PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deqiang Niu
- Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, MA 01730
| | - Swati Singh
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle WA 98101
| | - Socheath Khim
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle WA 98101
| | | | | | - Albanus Moguche
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle WA 98101; Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195
| | - Erica Evans
- Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, MA 01730
| | | | - Tahmina A Jahan
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195
| | | | - Alejandro Wolf-Yadlin
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Experimental Sciences, Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, University of Brescia, Civil Hospital of Brescia, 25100 Bescia, Italy
| | - Jessica A Hamerman
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195; Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle WA 98101; and
| | - David J Rawlings
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle WA 98101; Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195
| | - Richard G James
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle WA 98101; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195
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19
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Niu D, Zheng H, Corona M, Lu Y, Chen X, Cao L, Sohr A, Hu F. Transcriptome comparison between inactivated and activated ovaries of the honey bee Apis mellifera L. Insect Mol Biol 2014; 23:668-681. [PMID: 25039886 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian activity not only influences fertility, but is also involved with the regulation of division of labour between reproductive and behavioural castes of female honey bees. In order to identify candidate genes associated with ovarian activity, we compared the gene expression patterns between inactivated and activated ovaries of queens and workers by means of high-throughput RNA-sequencing technology. A total of 1615 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was detected between ovaries of virgin and mated queens, and more than 5300 DEGs were detected between inactivated and activated worker ovaries. Intersection analysis of DEGs amongst five libraries revealed that a similar set of genes (824) participated in the ovary activation of both queens and workers. A large number of these DEGs were predominantly related to cellular, cell and cell part, binding, biological regulation and metabolic processes. In addition, over 1000 DEGs were linked to more than 230 components of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including 25 signalling pathways. The reliability of the RNA-sequencing results was confirmed by means of quantitative real-time PCR. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in ovary activation and reproductive division of labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Niu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Tjin Tham Sjin R, Lee K, Walter AO, Dubrovskiy A, Sheets M, Martin TS, Labenski MT, Zhu Z, Tester R, Karp R, Medikonda A, Chaturvedi P, Ren Y, Haringsma H, Etter J, Raponi M, Simmons AD, Harding TC, Niu D, Nacht M, Westlin WF, Petter RC, Allen A, Singh J. In vitro and in vivo characterization of irreversible mutant-selective EGFR inhibitors that are wild-type sparing. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1468-79. [PMID: 24723450 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with activating mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) initially respond well to the EGFR inhibitors erlotinib and gefitinib. However, all patients relapse because of the emergence of drug-resistant mutations, with T790M mutations accounting for approximately 60% of all resistance. Second-generation irreversible EGFR inhibitors are effective against T790M mutations in vitro, but retain affinity for wild-type EGFR (EGFR(WT)). These inhibitors have not provided compelling clinical benefit in T790M-positive patients, apparently because of dose-limiting toxicities associated with inhibition of EGFR(WT). Thus, there is an urgent clinical need for therapeutics that overcome T790M drug resistance while sparing EGFR(WT). Here, we describe a lead optimization program that led to the discovery of four potent irreversible 2,4-diaminopyrimidine compounds that are EGFR mutant (EGFR(mut)) selective and have been designed to have low affinity for EGFR(WT). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in H1975 tumor-bearing mice showed that exposure was dose proportional resulting in dose-dependent EGFR modulation. Importantly, evaluation of normal lung tissue from the same animals showed no inhibition of EGFR(WT). Of all the compounds tested, compound 3 displayed the best efficacy in EGFR(L858R/T790M)-driven tumors. Compound 3, now renamed CO-1686, is currently in a phase I/II clinical trial in patients with EGFR(mut)-advanced NSCLC that have received prior EGFR-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Tjin Tham Sjin
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Kwangho Lee
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Annette O Walter
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Aleksandr Dubrovskiy
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Michael Sheets
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Thia St Martin
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew T Labenski
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Richland Tester
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Russell Karp
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Aravind Medikonda
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Prasoon Chaturvedi
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Yixuan Ren
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Henry Haringsma
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Jeff Etter
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Mitch Raponi
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew D Simmons
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Thomas C Harding
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Deqiang Niu
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Mariana Nacht
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - William F Westlin
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Russell C Petter
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew Allen
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Juswinder Singh
- Authors' Affiliations: Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; and Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California
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21
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Potthoff P, Gargani L, Agoston G, Moreo A, Pingitore A, Lombardi M, Varga A, Sicari R, Picano E, Hu K, Liu D, Niemann M, Herrmann S, Cikes M, Gaudron P, Knop S, Ertl G, Bijnens B, Weidemann F, Orii M, Hirata K, Yamano T, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Kubo T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Addetia K, Patel A, Spencer K, Mor-Avi V, Lang R, Yu WC, Liao J, Chang F, Niu D. Oral Abstract session * The importance of cardiac imaging in systemic diseases: 12/12/2013, 08:30-10:00 * Location: Bursa. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jet218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Walter AO, Sjin RTT, Haringsma HJ, Ohashi K, Sun J, Lee K, Dubrovskiy A, Labenski M, Zhu Z, Wang Z, Sheets M, St Martin T, Karp R, van Kalken D, Chaturvedi P, Niu D, Nacht M, Petter RC, Westlin W, Lin K, Jaw-Tsai S, Raponi M, Van Dyke T, Etter J, Weaver Z, Pao W, Singh J, Simmons AD, Harding TC, Allen A. Discovery of a mutant-selective covalent inhibitor of EGFR that overcomes T790M-mediated resistance in NSCLC. Cancer Discov 2013; 3:1404-15. [PMID: 24065731 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGF receptor (EGFR) mutations initially respond to first-generation reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, clinical efficacy is limited by acquired resistance, frequently driven by the EGFR(T790M) mutation. CO-1686 is a novel, irreversible, and orally delivered kinase inhibitor that specifically targets the mutant forms of EGFR, including T790M, while exhibiting minimal activity toward the wild-type (WT) receptor. Oral administration of CO-1686 as single agent induces tumor regression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC tumor xenograft and transgenic models. Minimal activity of CO-1686 against the WT EGFR receptor was observed. In NSCLC cells with acquired resistance to CO-1686 in vitro, there was no evidence of additional mutations or amplification of the EGFR gene, but resistant cells exhibited signs of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and demonstrated increased sensitivity to AKT inhibitors. These results suggest that CO-1686 may offer a novel therapeutic option for patients with mutant EGFR NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE We report the preclinical development of a novel covalent inhibitor, CO-1686, that irreversibly and selectively inhibits mutant EGFR, in particular the T790M drug-resistance mutation, in NSCLC models. CO-1686 is the fi rst drug of its class in clinical development for the treatment of T790M-positive NSCLC, potentially offering potent inhibition of mutant EGFR while avoiding the on-target toxicity observed with inhibition of the WT EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette O Walter
- 1Clovis Oncology Inc., San Francisco, California; 2Celgene Avilomics Research, Bedford, Massachusetts; 3Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; 4Mouse Cancer Genetics Program; and 5Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Science Applications International Corporation-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
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23
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Nacht M, Qiao L, Sheets MP, St Martin T, Labenski M, Mazdiyasni H, Karp R, Zhu Z, Chaturvedi P, Bhavsar D, Niu D, Westlin W, Petter RC, Medikonda AP, Singh J. Discovery of a potent and isoform-selective targeted covalent inhibitor of the lipid kinase PI3Kα. J Med Chem 2013; 56:712-21. [PMID: 23360348 DOI: 10.1021/jm3008745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PI3Kα has been identified as an oncogene in human tumors. By use of rational drug design, a targeted covalent inhibitor 3 (CNX-1351) was created that potently and specifically inhibits PI3Kα. We demonstrate, using mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography, that the selective inhibitor covalently modifies PI3Kα on cysteine 862 (C862), an amino acid unique to the α isoform, and that PI3Kβ, -γ, and -δ are not covalently modified. 3 is able to potently (EC(50) < 100 nM) and specifically inhibit signaling in PI3Kα-dependent cancer cell lines, and this leads to a potent antiproliferative effect (GI(50) < 100 nM). A covalent probe, 8 (CNX-1220), which selectively bonds to PI3Kα, was used to investigate the duration of occupancy of 3 with PI3Kα in vivo. This is the first report of a PI3Kα-selective inhibitor, and these data demonstrate the biological impact of selectively targeting PI3Kα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Nacht
- Celgene Avilomics Research, 45 Wiggins Avenue, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, USA.
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He J, Tian Y, Li J, Shen J, Tao Z, Fu Y, Niu D, Lu L. Expression pattern of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein gene in different tissues and its regulation of genes related to adipocyte differentiation in duck. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2270-4. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Liu WM, Zhang J, Lu LZ, Shi FX, Niu D, Wang DL, Yu B, Tao ZR, Shen JD, Wang DQ, Tian Y. Effects of perilla extract on productive performance, serum values and hepatic expression of lipid-related genes in Shaoxing ducks. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:381-7. [PMID: 21732885 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.577053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of perilla extract, a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, on lipid metabolism and expression of lipid-related genes in livers of Shaoxing ducks. 2. Two hundred and forty 28-week-old laying ducks received a commercial diet with perilla extract added at 0 (control) or 200 mg/kg of feed. 3. Ducks fed on a diet with perilla extract had increased laying rates compared with control ducks. 4. Serum concentrations of triglycerides were reduced by perilla extract, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total serum cholesterol increased. 5. The expression of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, acetyl CoA carboxylase, stearoyl CoA desaturase, fatty acid synthase, apolipoprotein B, and apolipoprotein very low density lipoprotein, were decreased in the perilla group. 6. The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase was enhanced following treatment with perilla extract, and a similar tendency was observed in the expression of liver fatty acid-binding protein. 7. The results show that a diet with 200 mg/kg perilla extract regulated fat metabolism of Shaoxing ducks by improving egg laying, altering serum lipid profiles, stimulating lipid catabolic gene expression and inhibiting lipogenic gene expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Liu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Nacht M, Qiao L, Sheets M, Martin T, Labenski M, Chaturvedi P, Niu D, Westlin W, Petter R, Singh J. 93 Selective inhibition of PI3K alpha using a novel covalent compound. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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27
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Sjin RTT, Lee K, Sheets M, Martin T, Niu D, Chaturvedi P, Westlin W, Petter R, Nacht M, Singh J. 73 Design of a novel covalent EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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28
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Nakazawa T, Kondo T, Niu D, Ma D, Mochizuki K, Kawasaki T, Kawaguchi Y, Kono K, Fujii H, Katoh R. Giant oesophageal liposarcoma mimicking spindle cell liposarcoma and containing eosinophilic cells with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. J Clin Pathol 2010; 63:469. [PMID: 20418237 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2010.075523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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29
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Petter RC, Hagel M, Niu D, St Martin T, Sheets MP, Qiao L, Bernhard H, Karp R, Zhu Z, Labenski MT, Chaturvedi P, Nacht M, Westlin W, Singh J. Binary selectivity for HCV NS3/4A protease versus host proteases via irreversible inactivation at a non‐catalytic cysteine. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.907.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chang C, Niu D, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Li F, Gong F. Mesenchymal stroma cells improve hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency in the diabetic porcine pancreatic microenvironment. Cytotherapy 2009; 10:796-805. [PMID: 18979304 DOI: 10.1080/14653240802461924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell differentiation is controlled by extracellular cues from the environment and by intrinsic genetic programs within the stem cell. The present study aimed to explore whether mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) could improve hyperglycemia and insulin production in the diabetic microenvironment. METHODS We transplanted male porcine bone marrow-derived EGFP-expressing MSC directly into female diabetic porcine pancreas by multi-point injection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescent immunohistochemistry were used to analyze recipients' sera and pancreas tissues for assessment of the therapeutic effect. RESULTS Blood glucose levels decreased gradually in MSC-treated recipients from 15 days after the transplantation compared with untreated diabetic controls (15.94+/-0.31 mmol/L versus 16.66+/-0.11 mmol/L; P=0.01). Blood insulin increased and glucagons decreased notably in recipients from 2 weeks post-transplantation compared with untreated diabetic controls (0.049+/-0.004 microg/L versus 0.037+/-0.02 microg/L and 392.9+/-20.3 ng/L versus 433.1+/-27.6 ng/L). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections demonstrated that the number of islets from each section was markedly increased in recipients compared with that of diabetic controls (10.9+/-2.2 versus 4.6+/-1.4; P<0.05) and similar to that of normal controls (10.9+/-2.2 versus 12.6+/-2.6; P>0.05). The newly formed islets were smaller than normal islets (47.2+/-19.6 microm versus 119.6+/-27.7 microm; P<0.05). Analysis of pancreatic sections for EGFP in recipients indicated that the transplanted MSC survived within the pancreas. Insulin immunoreactivity of pancreatic islets showed that the newly formed islets expressed insulin. DISCUSSION MSC could improve diabetes upon pancreatic microenvironment without obvious immune rejections. This has theoretical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chang C, Niu D, Zhou H, Li F, Gong F. Mesenchymal stem cells contribute to insulin-producing cells upon microenvironmental manipulation in vitro. Transplant Proc 2008; 39:3363-8. [PMID: 18089386 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2007] [Revised: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular microenvironment and intrinsic genetic programs determine the fate of stem cells. We observed whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contributed to insulin-producing cells in a manipulated microenvironment. METHODS We delivered pancreatic pieces into Niobium-Coated Dynamatrix to construct a simulated pancreatic microenvironment, upon which soluble cytokine exchange and direct cell-cell contact between MSCs and pancreatic cells could occur. Bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured upon the microenvironment. Differentiated isletlike cells were observed under an inverted microscope. Insulin in supernates was measurement by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Insulin and c-peptide expression were verified by fluorescent immunocytochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Apoptosis of isletlike masses in high-glucose DMEM was detected by FACS. RESULTS After 3 to 4 weeks in culture, typical isletlike masses were observed. Insulin secreted by differentiated cells (414.47+/-30.30 mIU/L) was much greater than that of undifferentiated cells (4.89+/-1.01 mIU/L; P<.05). Insulin and c-peptide expression were positive both in protein and mRNA levels. The transdifferentiated isletlike mass did not undergo apoptosis after another 3 weeks of culture in high-glucose DMEM. CONCLUSION This simulated injury microenvironment without induction guided MSCs to functional isletlike cells hopefully to replace beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chang
- Department of Immunology Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wang G, Niu D, Qiu YL, Phan LT, Chen Z, Polemeropoulos A, Or YS. Synthesis of Novel 6,11-O-Bridged Bicyclic Ketolides via a Palladium-Catalyzed Bis-allylation. Org Lett 2004; 6:4455-8. [PMID: 15548049 DOI: 10.1021/ol048336r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A bridging chemistry process was developed to form an ether bridge between 6-O and 11-O of erythromycin A via a tandem or stepwise palladium-catalyzed bis-pi-allylation. By applying this bridging process, new 6,11-O-bridged bicyclic ketolides (BBKs) were synthesized. These BBKs showed good antibacterial activities against the macrolide-susceptible strains as well as mef-resistant strains and served as a good core for further modifications to study the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and to overcome bacterial resistance. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Wang
- Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 500 Arsenal Street, Watertown, MA 02472, USA.
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Fu Y, Niu D, Ruan H, Yu XP, Chen G, He GQ. [Effects of activin and follistatin on FSH receptor mRNA expression of cultured Shao duck granulosa cells]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2002; 28:1129-36. [PMID: 11797342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the action of activin and follistatin either alone or in combination on FSH receptor mRNA expression. The results showed that activin alone increased FSH receptor mRNA level in the presence or absence of FSH in cultured granulosa cells, and the stimulating effect of activin on FSH receptor level was dose-dependent. This effect of activin was inhibited by FSP treatment which alone had no effect on FSH receptor expression. From the results, it can be concluded that activin and follistatin both exert autocrine actions on granulosa cells, and the two factors, possibly by regulating FSH receptor expression, may play important roles in follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Animal Science College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Fu Y, Niu D, Ruan H, Yu XP, Chen G, He GQ, Yang PX. [Expression pattern of mRNA for follistatin and inhibin/activin beta B-subunit during follicular and testicular development in duck]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 28:808-15. [PMID: 11582738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Follistatin and inhibin/activin were closely related glycoprotein hormones. The quantitative competitive RT-PCR was used to investigate the expression of follistatin and inhibin/activin beta B-subunit mRNA in the developing ovarian follicles, immature and mature testes. The results revealed all samples showed the expression of mRNA for the two proteins, and the expression is more abundantly in the small follicles than in the large preovulatory follicles. Competitive RT-PCR revealed that the expression of follistatin is the highest in small yellow follicles (SYF), the mean relative content for the F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6-8, LWF (large white follicle), TI(immature testes), and TM(mature testes) was 0.011 +/- 0.004, 0.019 +/- 0.006, 0.021 +/- 0.009, 0.028 +/- 0.007, 0.075 +/- 0.023, 0.15 +/- 0.072, 0.29 +/- 0.068, 0.037 +/- 0.011, and 0.012 +/- 0.004, respectively, compared to a mean relative content of 1.00 for the SYF. The highest level of inhibin/activin beta B mRNA was also found in the SYF, the mean relative content for the F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6-8, LWF, TI, and TM was 0.009 +/- 0.003, 0.013 +/- 0.005, 0.019 +/- 0.007, 0.023 +/- 0.006, 0.29 +/- 0.084, 0.84 +/- 0.093, 0.031 +/- 0.008, 0.38 +/- 0.072, and 0.046 +/- 0.013, respectively, compared to a mean relative content of 1.00 for the SYF. Our data suggested that the expression pattern of mRNA for follistatin and inhibin/activin beta B-subunit was quite similar during follicular and testicular development. The great co-expression of mRNA for the two proteins in small follicles indicated that activin B(beta B-beta B) availability was tightly regulated by follistatin, and the two proteins might both play important roles in early follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Animal Science College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Fu Y, Niu D, Ruan H, Luo J, Chen G, Yu XP, Zhang YP. [Studies of genetic diversity of Zhejiang native chicken breeds]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 28:606-13. [PMID: 11480171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
A total of 539 bases of mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of five native chicken breeds of Zhejiang province and the white leghorn chicken (as the control) were sequenced by DNA sequencing technique, and the phylogenetic trees of the chicken breeds were constructed. The results showed that 24 variation sites i.e. 4.45% sequence divergence were detected among the 30 DNA sequences, and the six breeds belonged to two different maternal lineage, one included Xianju chicken and White Leghorn chicken which had the same maternal origin, the other included Lingkun chicken, Baiyiner chicken, Wugu chicken and Xiaoshan chicken which had the same matriarchic ancestor. Among the latter lineage, Lingkun chicken, Baiyiner chicken and Wugu chicken had a closer relationship to each other than to Xiaoshan chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Animal Science College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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Stork G, Niu D, Fujimoto RA, Koft ER, Balkovec JM, Tata JR, Dake GR. The First Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Quinine [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123 (14), 3239−3242]. J Am Chem Soc 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ja015138b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fu Y, Niu D, Ruan H, Yu XP, Chen G, He GQ, Yang PX. [cDNA cloning and mRNA expression pattern in follicles of the mature inhibin alpha subunit from Xianju chicken]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 28:707-15. [PMID: 11554344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The mature region of Xianju chicken inhibin alpha-subunit was amplified from the total RNA of follicle granulosa cells by RT-PCR using the primer pair designed according to the reported cDNA sequence of chicken inhibin alpha-subunit, and this fragment of alpha-subunit was cloned and sequenced subsequently. The results revealed that the mature alpha-subunit of Xianju chicken was a fragment of 113 amino acids containing one glycosylation site and seven cysteine residues. It was approximately 98% and 61.4%-68.7% identical in nucleotide sequence, 97.3% and 64.6%-69% similar in deduced amino acid sequence, respectively, in the mature region to the chicken and mammalian inhibin alpha-subunit cDNA clone. As for the mature chicken inhibin alpha-subunit, the number of potential glycosylation site and cysteine residues was the same, and their corresponding positions in the amino acid sequences were almost identical as compared to chicken and mammalian inhibin alpha-subunit, which indicated that the inhibin alpha-subunit was highly conserved among different species, implying an important role of inhibin alpha-subunit in various animals. The quantitative analysis of competitive RT-PCR for inhibin alpha-subunit revealed that the expression of alpha-subunit decreased with further follicle maturity from SYF to F1 follicle. The highest level of inhibin alpha-subunit mRNA was found in the SYF and F6-8 follicles, which indicated that inhibin alpha-subunit played an important role during the course of follicular recruitment, selection and dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Animal Science College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Fu Y, Niu D, Ruan H, Yu XP, Chen G, He GQ, Yang PX. [Expression of inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin beta A subunits in the developing follicles of the duck]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 28:502-9. [PMID: 11431982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The very sensitive quantitative competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to investigate the expression of mRNA for the inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin beta A subunit in the developing ovarian follicles of the duck. The results indicated all follicles showed the expression of mRNA for the inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin beta A. The inhibin alpha subunit mRNA is expressed more abundantly than the beta A subunit in the large preovulatory follicles. Competitive RT-PCR revealed that the expression of inhibin alpha subunit is the highest in small yellow follicles (SYF), the mean relative content for the F1, F2, F3, F4/5 and LWF (large white follicle) was 0.26 +/- 0.05, 0.28 +/- 0.07, 0.57 +/- 0.12, 0.98 +/- 0.09 and 0.026 +/- 0.006, respectively, compared to a mean relative content of 1.00 for the SYF. The highest level of inhibin/activin beta A mRNA was found in the F1 follicle, the mean relative content for the F2, F3, F4/5, SYF and LWF was 0.218 +/- 0.09, 0.111 +/- 0.03, 0.058 +/- 0.011, 0.053 +/- 0.013 and 0.005 +/- 0.002, respectively, compared to a mean relative content of 1.00 for the F1 follicle. Our data suggest that the expression of the alpha subunit is reduced with follicular development whereas beta A subunit expression is dramatically enhanced, which indicates the expression of inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin beta A subunit is differentially regulated during follicular development. In addition, the highest level of beta A mRNA in F1 follicle indicates the production of dimeric inhibin and/or activin primarily occurred in the largest F1 follicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Animal Science College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Fu Y, Niu D, Luo J, Ruan H, He GQ, Zhang YP. [Studies of the origin of Chinese domestic fowls]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 28:411-7. [PMID: 11441653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
A total of 539 bases fragment of mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of six domestic chicken breeds (30 individuals) were sequenced and compared to that of red junglefowl, grey junglefowl, green junglefowl and Lafayette's junglefowl issued in GenBank, and the phylogenetic trees for the chickens constructed based on the D-loop sequences. The results indicated that the four species of genus Gallus had great differences between each other, the G. g. domesticus was the next of kin to red junglefowl in Thailand and its adjacent regions, and near of kin to red junglefowl in Indonesian, Lafayette's junglefowl, grey junglefowl and green junglefowl one by one in proper order, suggesting that the red junglefowl in Thailand and its neighbour areas sufficed as the matriarchic ancestor of Chinese domestic fowls. It was also discovered that the two subspecies of Thailand i.e. G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus should belong to one subspecies because of their far lower differentiation compared to that among the domestic breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Abstract
The first entirely stereoselective total synthesis of (-)-quinine is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stork
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Shu SY, Bao X, Li S, Niu D, Xu Z, Li Y. A new subdivision of mammalian neostriatum with functional implications to learning and memory. J Neurosci Res 1999; 58:242-53. [PMID: 10502280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
A new subdivision with distinctive morphological and functional attributes has been identified at the caudomedial margin of the neostriatum and surrounding the rostrolateral border of the globus pallidus in the brains of the rat, cat, monkey, and human. The subdivision is termed marginal division (MrD) based on its location. It is readily distinguishable from the rest of striatum by consisting of spindle-shaped neurons, special connections, and intensely expressed immunoreactivities of many neuropeptides and some monoamines in the fibers, terminals, and neuronal somata. Three-dimensional reconstruction from Nissl-stained sections of the rat brain revealed that the MrD is a flat, pan-shaped zone between the neostriatum and globus pallidus. Functional neuronal connections were delineated by chemical-induced c-Fos expression between the MrD and hippocampus, amygdala, as well as the basal nucleus of Meynert. In rats with chemical lesions of bilateral MrD, learning and memory functions were severely impaired as demonstrated by double blind Y-maze test. Our results thus suggested that the MrD is a distinct part and a universal structure in the neostriatum of the mammalian brain and might play an important role in the mechanism of learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Shu
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Neuroscience of the First Military Medical University, Zhu-Jiang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqiang Niu
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Kang Zhao
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003
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Xiang Y, Gi HJ, Niu D, Schinazi RF, Zhao K. An Efficient Route to beta-D-Isoxazolidinyl Nucleosides via Diastereoselective Michael Addition of Hydroxylamine to Unsaturated Esters. J Org Chem 1997; 62:7430-7434. [PMID: 11671860 DOI: 10.1021/jo9710588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective syntheses of beta-D-isoxazolidinyl pyrimidine and purine nucleosides are described. Michael addition of N-methylhydroxylamine to alpha,beta-unsaturated esters was investigated. Both E- and Z-esters 10E and 10Z produced the same intermediates which were cyclized to isoxazolidin-5-ones 8 with high diastereoselectivity. The major isoxazolidin-5-one 8a was reduced and acetylated to acetate 11 for the preparation of nucleosides. The coupling reaction of acetate 11 with silylated thymine, uracil, and N(4)-benzoylcytosine using TMSOTf as a Lewis acid yielded the corresponding nucleoside derivatives. The related purine analogue was produced by the BF(3).Et(2)O-catalyzed condensation of acetate 11 with silylated 6-chloropurine. The predominant formation of the cis isomers for both pyrimidine and purine analogues was unexpected and the reaction mechanism was investigated. The nucleoside intermediates were converted to the corresponding 1,2-diols, which were latter oxidized and reduced to the desired monoalcohol products such as 14, 16, 19, and 24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejun Xiang
- 29 Washington Place, New York University, Department of Chemistry, New York, New York 10003
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