1
|
Arpawong TE, Mekli K, Lee J, Phillips DF, Gatz M, Prescott CA. A longitudinal study shows stress proliferation effects from early childhood adversity and recent stress on risk for depressive symptoms among older adults. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:870-880. [PMID: 33784211 PMCID: PMC8673399 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1904379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated whether the effects of recent stressful life events (SLEs) and early childhood adversities (ECAs) on depressive symptoms are consistent between men and women and across older age, and whether there was evidence for the following: stress sensitization, whereby the psychological impact of SLEs is greater for individuals with ECAs compared with those without; or stress proliferation effect, whereby those with ECAs are more likely to report more SLEs than those without ECAs to effect depressive symptoms.Method: ECAs, SLEs in the past two years, and current depressive symptoms through a modified CES-D were obtained from 11,873 individuals participating in a population representative study of older adults, yielding 82,764 observations. Mixed-effects regression models on depressive symptoms were constructed to control for multiple observations per participant and evaluate within-person effects over time, thereby reducing bias from reverse causation.Results: Results suggest a stress proliferation effect and do not support stress sensitization. ECAs contribute to vulnerability for depressive symptoms, with a dosage effect for each additional ECA. Recent SLEs result in greater depressive symptom risk, with stable effects over age and dosage effects for each additional SLE that were smaller than the effects of ECAs among men, but not women. Belonging to an ethnic minority group, having less education, and less household income at baseline were associated with greater depressive symptom risk.Conclusions: Findings suggest the importance of addressing early childhood adversity and sociodemographic factors, among at-risk older adults to mitigate life-course stress proliferative processes and thereby reduce disparate risk for depression in older age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thalida Em Arpawong
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Krisztina Mekli
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jinkook Lee
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Drystan F. Phillips
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Margaret Gatz
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carol A. Prescott
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mekli K, Stevens A, Marshall AD, Arpawong TE, Phillips DF, Tampubolon G, Lee J, Prescott CA, Nazroo JY, Pendleton N. Frailty Index associates with GRIN2B in two representative samples from the United States and the United Kingdom. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207824. [PMID: 30475886 PMCID: PMC6258126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of frailty has been used in the clinical and research field for more than two decades. It is usually described as a clinical state of heightened vulnerability to poor resolution of homeostasis after a stressor event, which thereby increases the risk of adverse outcomes, including falls, delirium, disability and mortality. Here we report the results of the first genome-wide association scan and comparative gene ontology analyses where we aimed to identify genes and pathways associated with the deficit model of frailty. We used a discovery-replication design with two independent, nationally representative samples of older adults. The square-root transformed Frailty Index (FI) was the outcome variable, and age and sex were included as covariates. We report one hit exceeding genome-wide significance: the rs6765037 A allele was significantly associated with a decrease in the square-root transformed FI score in the Discovery sample (beta = -0.01958, p = 2.14E-08), without confirmation in the Replication sample. We also report a nominal replication: the rs7134291 A allele was significantly associated with a decrease in the square-root transformed FI score (Discovery sample: beta = -0.01021, p = 1.85E-06, Replication sample: beta = -0.005013, p = 0.03433). These hits represent the KBTBD12 and the GRIN2B genes, respectively. Comparative gene ontology analysis identified the pathways ‘Neuropathic pain signalling in dorsal horn neurons’ and the ‘GPCR-Mediated Nutrient Sensing in Enteroendocrine Cells’, exceeding the p = 0.01 significance in both samples, although this result does not survive correction for multiple testing. Considering the crucial role of GRIN2B in brain development, synaptic plasticity and cognition, this gene appears to be a potential candidate to play a role in frailty. In conclusion, we conducted genome-wide association scan and pathway analyses and have identified genes and pathways with potential roles in frailty. However, frailty is a complex condition. Therefore, further research is required to confirm our results and more thoroughly identify relevant biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Mekli
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Adam Stevens
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alan D. Marshall
- School of Social and Political Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Thalida E. Arpawong
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Drystan F. Phillips
- Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Gindo Tampubolon
- Institute for Social Change, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jinkook Lee
- Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Carol A. Prescott
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - James Y. Nazroo
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mekli K, Phillips DF, Arpawong TE, Vanhoutte B, Tampubolon G, Nazroo JY, Lee J, Prescott CA, Stevens A, Pendleton N. Genome-wide scan of depressive symptomatology in two representative cohorts in the United States and the United Kingdom. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 100:63-70. [PMID: 29486404 PMCID: PMC6882010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder, depressive symptomatology in the general population has received less attention in genome-wide association scan (GWAS) studies. Here we report a GWAS study on depressive symptomatology using a discovery-replication design and the following approaches: To improve the robustness of the phenotypic measure, we used longitudinal data and calculated mean scores for at least 3 observations for each individual. To maximize replicability, we used nearly identical genotyping platforms and identically constructed phenotypic measures in both the Discovery and Replication samples. We report one genome-wide significant hit; rs58682566 in the EPG5 gene was associated (p = 3.25E-08) with the mean of the depression symptom in the Discovery sample, without confirmation in the Replication sample. We also report 4 hits exceeding the genome-wide suggestive significance level with nominal replications. Rs11774887, rs4147527 and rs1379328, close to the SAMD12 gene, were associated with the mean depression symptom score (P-values in Discovery sample: 4.58E-06, 7.65E-06 and 7.66E-06; Replication sample: 0.049, 0.029 and 0.030, respectively). Rs13250896, located in an intergenic region, was associated with the mean score of the three somatic items of the depression symptoms score (p = 3.31E-07 and 0.042 for the Discovery and Replication samples). These results were not supported by evidence in the literature. We conclude that despite the strengths of our approach, using robust phenotypic measures and samples that maximize replicability potential, this study does not provide compelling evidence of a single genetic variant's significant role in depressive symptomatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Mekli
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Drystan F. Phillips
- Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Thalida E. Arpawong
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bram Vanhoutte
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Gindo Tampubolon
- Institute for Social Change, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - James Y. Nazroo
- Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jinkook Lee
- Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
| | - Carol A. Prescott
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam Stevens
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arpawong TE, Lee J, Phillips DF, Crimmins EM, Levine ME, Prescott CA. Effects of Recent Stress and Variation in the Serotonin Transporter Polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) on Depressive Symptoms: A Repeated-Measures Study of Adults Age 50 and Older. Behav Genet 2015; 46:72-88. [PMID: 26330209 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-015-9740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Depending on genetic sensitivity to it, stress may affect depressive symptomatology differentially. Applying the stress-diathesis hypothesis to older adults, we postulate: (1) recent stress will associate with increased depressive symptom levels and (2) this effect will be greater for individuals with at least one short allele of the serotonin transporter gene promoter region (5-HTTLPR). Further, we employ a design that addresses specific limitations of many prior studies that have examined the 5-HTTLPR × SLE relation, by: (a) using a within-person repeated-measures design to address fluctuations that occur within individuals over time, increase power for detecting G × E, and address GE correlation; (b) studying reports of exogenous stressful events (those unlikely to be caused by depression) to help rule out reverse causation and negativity bias, and in order to assess stressors that are more etiologically relevant to depressive symptomatology in older adults. The sample is drawn from the Health and Retirement Study, a U.S. population-based study of older individuals (N = 28,248; mean age = 67.5; 57.3 % female; 80.7 % Non-Hispanic White, 14.9 % Hispanic/Latino, 4.5 % African American; genetic subsample = 12,332), from whom measures of depressive symptoms and exogenous stressors were collected biannually (1994-2010). Variation in the 5-HTTLPR was characterized via haplotype, using two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Ordered logit models were constructed to predict levels of depressive symptoms from 5-HTTLPR and stressors, comparing results of the most commonly applied statistical approaches (i.e., comparing allelic and genotypic models, and continuous and categorical predictors) used in the literature. All models were stratified by race/ethnicity. Overall, results show a main effect of recent stress for all ethnic groups, and mixed results for the variation in 5-HTTLPR × stress interaction, contingent upon statistical model used. Findings suggest there may be a differential effect of stressors and 5-HTTLPR on depressive symptoms by ethnicity, but further research is needed, particularly when using a haplotype to characterize variation in 5-HTTLPR in population-based sample with a diverse ethnic composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thalida E Arpawong
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 South McClintock Ave, SGM 501 MC 1061, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1061, USA.
| | - Jinkook Lee
- Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Drystan F Phillips
- Dornsife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Eileen M Crimmins
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Morgan E Levine
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carol A Prescott
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 South McClintock Ave, SGM 501 MC 1061, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1061, USA.,Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The aim of our observational study was to highlight some clinical observations on chronic daily headache (CDH) in children and adolescents. Data on patients < or =18 years aged presenting with CDH to the Pediatric Headache Clinic at the Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Canada, were collected prospectively and sequentially from February 2004 to July 2006. Standardized data sheets and definitions were used. Follow-up information on the 70 participants (22 males, 48 females) was current to February 2007. Fifty-four participants (77%) had had recurrent headaches before transformation to CDH. Comorbid chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache was the most frequent subtype of CDH (37 participants; 53%). Anxiety and mood disorders were diagnosed in 17 and 15 children respectively. Stressors that precipitated or contributed to the maintenance of CDH were judged important in 44 (63%). The possibility of a somatoform disorder was considered in five children, a factitious disorder in one, and malingering in another. We suggest that CDH be viewed from a biopsychosocial rather than a narrow biomedical perspective and the classification improved to enhance clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S S Seshia
- Department of Pediatrics, Royal University Hospital and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Canè F, Bear D, Phillips DF, Rosen MS, Smallwood CL, Stoner RE, Walsworth RL, Kostelecký VA. Bound on Lorentz and CPT violating boost effects for the neutron. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:230801. [PMID: 15601138 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.230801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2003] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A search for an annual variation of a daily sidereal modulation of the frequency difference between colocated 129Xe and 3He Zeeman masers sets a stringent limit on boost-dependent Lorentz and CPT violation involving the neutron, consistent with no effect at the level of 150 nHz. In the framework of the general standard-model extension, the present result provides the first clean test for the fermion sector of the symmetry of spacetime under boost transformations at a level of 10(-27) GeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Canè
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Canè F, Bear D, Phillips DF, Rosen MS, Smallwood CL, Stoner RE, Walsworth RL, Kostelecký VA. Bound on Lorentz and CPT violating boost effects for the neutron. Phys Rev Lett 2004. [PMID: 15601138 DOI: 10.1103/phys-revlett.93.230801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A search for an annual variation of a daily sidereal modulation of the frequency difference between colocated 129Xe and 3He Zeeman masers sets a stringent limit on boost-dependent Lorentz and CPT violation involving the neutron, consistent with no effect at the level of 150 nHz. In the framework of the general standard-model extension, the present result provides the first clean test for the fermion sector of the symmetry of spacetime under boost transformations at a level of 10(-27) GeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Canè
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate emission of two quantum-mechanically correlated light pulses with a time delay that is coherently controlled via temporal storage of photonic states in an ensemble of rubidium atoms. The experiment is based on Raman scattering, which produces correlated pairs of spin-flipped atoms and photons, followed by coherent conversion of the atomic states into a different photon beam after a controllable delay. This resonant nonlinear optical process is a promising technique for potential applications in quantum communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H van der Wal
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
We report an experiment in which a light pulse is effectively decelerated and trapped in a vapor of Rb atoms, stored for a controlled period of time, and then released on demand. We accomplish this "storage of light" by dynamically reducing the group velocity of the light pulse to zero, so that the coherent excitation of the light is reversibly mapped into a Zeeman (spin) coherence of the Rb vapor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D F Phillips
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Phillips DF. End-of-life coalitions grow to fill needs. JAMA 2000; 284:2442-4. [PMID: 11074762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
Phillips DF. New report rejects accrediting of those who provide ethics consultation services. JAMA 1999; 281:1976. [PMID: 10359370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
14
|
Phillips DF. Operation Smile volunteers travel far to transform lives. JAMA 1999; 281:597-8. [PMID: 10029106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
|
15
|
|
16
|
Phillips DF. New paradigms sought to explain occupational and environmental disease. JAMA 1999; 281:22-4. [PMID: 9892432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
17
|
Phillips DF. Pioneers in providing a competency inventory. JAMA 1999; 281:24. [PMID: 9892433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
18
|
Phillips DF. Erecting an ethical framework for managed care. JAMA 1998; 280:2060-2. [PMID: 9875858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
19
|
Phillips DF. Reproductive medicine experts till an increasingly fertile field. JAMA 1998; 280:1893-5. [PMID: 9851453 DOI: 10.1001/jama.280.22.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
20
|
Phillips DF. What's your liability? Trustee 1998; 51:17. [PMID: 10185655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
21
|
Phillips DF. Leptin passes safety tests, but effectiveness varies. JAMA 1998; 280:869-70. [PMID: 9739953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
22
|
Phillips DF. Quality in health care. Hosp Technol Ser 1996; 15:4-8. [PMID: 10164233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
23
|
Phillips DF. Institutional Review Boards under stress: will they explode or change? JAMA 1996; 276:1623-6. [PMID: 8922436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
24
|
Phillips DF. After a false start, telemedicine is off to the races. Hosp Technol Ser 1996; 15:2-4. [PMID: 10163910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
25
|
Phillips DF. Physicians referral services on the World Wide Web. Hosp Technol Ser 1996; 15:3-4. [PMID: 10162646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
26
|
Phillips DF. Physicians put promise of telemedicine to the test: reports from rural practitioners, anesthesiologists. JAMA 1996; 276:267-8. [PMID: 8656525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
27
|
Phillips DF. Conference explores ethics of animal research with critical thinking and balanced argument. JAMA 1996; 276:87-8. [PMID: 8656514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
28
|
Phillips DF. Telemedicine brings health care to the home. Hosp Technol Ser 1996; 15:2-3. [PMID: 10159430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
29
|
Phillips DF. Ethics consultation quality: is evaluation feasible? JAMA 1996; 275:1866-7. [PMID: 8648852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Phillips DF. Is the Internet a health hazard? Hosp Technol Ser 1996; 15:4-5. [PMID: 10159428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
32
|
Phillips DF. ACC features clinical trial presentations. JAMA 1996; 275:1392-3. [PMID: 8618353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
33
|
Phillips DF. New ideas on pathology of restenosis. JAMA 1996; 275:1299-300. [PMID: 8614099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
34
|
Phillips DF. Changes in practice bring cardiologists conflicts. JAMA 1996; 275:1300-1. [PMID: 8614100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
35
|
Phillips DF, Halebsky SC. The epidemiology of found experiments. JAMA 1995; 273:1221. [PMID: 7707632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
36
|
Abstract
The last three articles within this section of Cambridge Quarterly have focused on organizations or disciplines outside the mainstream of bioethics that are making inroads within the field. This issue's article may be viewed as a departure, but it is not-my thesis is that despite the active presence of the clergy in the ethics field, individuals involved in pastoral care are often thought by health professionals, as well as by a sizeable number of pastors themselves, to not be within the mainstream of ethical decision-making for patients.
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The shape, function, and dynamic of the field of bioethics is in constant flux, and nowhere is this more apparent than at gatherings of those immersed in th discipline. This section presents coverage and commentary on conferences and settings where voices out-side the mainstream of biomedical ethics can be heard.
Collapse
|
38
|
Phillips DF. Forced cesarean case leads to policy on pregnancy rights. Trustee 1991; 44:14. [PMID: 10183469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
39
|
Phillips DF. Physicians, journalists, ethicists explore their adversarial, interdependent relationship. JAMA 1988; 260:751-2, 757. [PMID: 3392801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
40
|
Bern MM, Wallach SR, Arkin CF, Lokich JJ, Huberman MS, Anderson NR, Corkery JC, Paul SD, Phillips DF, Sonneborn HA. Etoposide in combination with cytarabine, doxorubicin, and 6-thioguanine for treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in a protocol adjusted for age. Cancer Treat Rep 1987; 71:201-3. [PMID: 3802115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Etoposide combined with cytarabine, doxorubicin, and 6-thioguanine was used to treat 34 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) in an age-adjusted protocol, with patients greater than 50 years old receiving fewer days of therapy. Complete remissions (CR) occurred in 85% of all patients (29 of 34 patients). Patients less than or equal to 50 years of age achieved a 94% CR rate (17 of 18 patients) compared to a 75% CR rate (12 of 16 patients) in older patients. Duration of remission was less for those greater than 50 years of age. The remission rate for primary ANLL was 86% (19 of 22 patients) and for secondary or relapsed ANLL was 83% (ten of 12 patients). Thus, this is effective therapy for primary and secondary or relapsed ANLL. When the days of therapy are reduced for older patients' age, the remissions are fewer and less durable.
Collapse
|
41
|
Austin GE, Ratliff NB, Hollman J, Tabei S, Phillips DF. Intimal proliferation of smooth muscle cells as an explanation for recurrent coronary artery stenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985; 6:369-75. [PMID: 3160756 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The pathologic changes in the coronary arteries of three patients who died 5, 17 and 62 days, respectively, after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty were studied. Changes in the vessel wall seen early after angioplasty included focal denudation of the endothelium, splits in the intima extending to and along the inner aspect of the media, focal intimal necrosis and adventitial hemorrhage. Extensive medial dissections were seen in the coronary arteries of the two patients who died 5 and 17 days after coronary angioplasty. Fibrin was deposited on the surface of the intima, within intimal cracks and in areas of intimal and medial necrosis. Focal proliferation of smooth muscle cells was prominent on neointimal surfaces of the coronary artery from the patient who died 17 days after angioplasty. The previously dilated coronary segment from the patient who died 62 days after angioplasty was stenosed by an extensive recent proliferation of smooth muscle cells that were distributed over the entire circumference of the intimal surface as well as within gaps in the old atherosclerotic plaques. This type of intimal proliferation would appear to be responsible for the recurrent coronary artery stenosis that develops in some patients after coronary angioplasty.
Collapse
|
42
|
Kramer JR, Abi-Mansur PS, Goormastic M, Phillips DF. Combined cardiac catheterization and carotid cineangiography: an analysis of complications. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1985; 11:571-5. [PMID: 4092234 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1810110604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two hundred fifty-three patients underwent cardiac catheterization with selective cineangiography of the carotid arteries. Diagnostic angiograms of both the right and left carotid arteries were obtained in 240 patients (95%). Of these, 217 patients (90%) were studied without complication, 18 (8%) had minor complications, and five (2%) had major complications. Four of the five major complications occurred in patients with bilateral carotid atherosclerosis obliterans. Variations of catheterization technique used in an effort to reduce risk are discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Corbelli JC, Phillips DF, Corbelli RJ, Sheldon WC. Follow-up after successful transluminal angioplasty. Report of the initial Cleveland Clinic experience. Cleve Clin Q 1984; 51:591-600. [PMID: 6241115 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.51.4.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
44
|
Braun WE, Phillips DF, Vidt DG, Novick AC, Nakamoto S, Popowniak KL, Paganini E, Magnusson M, Pohl M, Steinmuller DR. Coronary artery disease in 100 diabetics with end-stage renal failure. Transplant Proc 1984; 16:603-7. [PMID: 6375027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
45
|
Phillips DF. Growing pains. Hospitals 1983; 57:80-85. [PMID: 6293955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
46
|
Phillips DF. Coping with change. Am Med News 1981; 24:suppl 3-4, 10. [PMID: 10251683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
47
|
Phillips DF. Nosocomial infections: a glimpse into the '80s. Hosp Med Staff 1980; 9:11-8. [PMID: 10309276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The 1970s saw many changes in the way physicians dealt with infections. For example, greater emphasis was placed on specific risk environments rather than on the hospital's general physical environment and significant progress was made in controlling diseases such as post-transfusion hepatitis. Many challenges remain for the '80s, however, such as development of a data base to determine what infection control practices are the most cost-effective and development of a model for describing and measuring infection risk.
Collapse
|
48
|
Golding LA, Loop FD, Peter M, Cosgrove DM, Taylor PC, Phillips DF. Late survival following use of intraaortic balloon pump in revascularization operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1980; 30:48-51. [PMID: 7396577 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)61201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The early and late results of intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) support in 197 patients with pure myocardial revascularization were analyzed. Group I, 61 patients, had IABP support initiated preoperatively; Group II, 99 patients, had IABP support in the operating room because of inability to be weaned from bypass; and Group III, 37 patients, had support instituted for persistent low cardiac output state in the postoperative period. The early results showed that 73% were discharged from the hospital and that delayed use of the IABP was associated with a high mortality and high rate of perioperative myocardial infarction. When the results between men and women were compared, no statistical difference was noted. After a mean follow-up of 18 months, there were 9 late deaths. Three were due to noncardiac causes. The two-year cardiac actuarial survival for the hospital survivors was 96% and all three groups had uniformly good symptomatic relief. After hospital discharge, the late results of patients who required use of the IABP in conjunction with pure myocardial revascularization were the same as for patients who did not require IABP support.
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Cody RJ, Salcedo EE, Phillips DF, Tarazi RC. M-mode echocardiography in anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Lack of sensitivity. Chest 1980; 77:781-3. [PMID: 7398389 DOI: 10.1378/chest.77.6.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighteen patients with documented anteroseptal myocardial infarction (ASMI) were investigated with both cardiac catheterization and M-mode echocardiography. All had greater than 75% occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), proximal to the first septal perforator in 12, and distal to it in 6; 17 of 18 had abnormal septal motion by angiography. In contrast, echocardiography revealed abnormal septal motion in only 5 of 18; two others had diminished septal wall thickness in relation to posterior ventricular wall. The presence of these echocardiographic signs was not dependent either on relation of stenosis to septal perforators or on presence of septal collaterals. Although abnormal septal motion by M-mode echocardiography may indicate ASMI, normal motion does not exclude it nor does it help localize stenosis of the LAD.
Collapse
|