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Cadore EL, Izquierdo M. Enhancing health outcomes in institutionalized older adults: The critical role of combined exercise and nutritional interventions. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100267. [PMID: 38776735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Multicomponent exercise with power training: A vital intervention for frail older adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100008. [PMID: 38677860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2023.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Sáez de Asteasu ML, Cadore EL, Steffens T, Blanco-Rambo E, Schneider TC, Izquierdo M, Pietta-Dias C. Reduced Handgrip Strength Is Associated with 1 Year-Mortality in Brazilian Frail Nonagenarians and Centenarians. J Frailty Aging 2024; 13:31-34. [PMID: 38305440 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2023.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between handgrip strength and mortality in Brazilian frail nonagenarians and centenarians. Eighty-one oldest old were included (mean age [SD]: 94.2 [3.8] years). Data on strength was assessed by handgrip strength. Mortality rate of the participants was evaluated at 1-year follow-up after the functional assessment. A logistic regression analysis was used to assess differences in categories of handgrip strength between groups regarding the mortality rate. Forty-six participants (56.8%) had reduced handgrip strength. After 1 year, there were 16 deaths. Those older adults with a low handgrip strength had higher prevalence (28.3% vs. 8.6%) and increased risk of mortality than those with preserved handgrip strength (Odds ratio=4.4, confidence interval 95% 1.1, 18.4) (p=0.042). Reduced handgrip strength is associated with higher mortality rate at 1-year follow-up in Brazilian frail nonagenarians and centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Sáez de Asteasu
- Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Avenida Irunlarrea s/n, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain, e-mail:
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Cadore EL, Izquierdo M, Teodoro JL, Martínez‐Velilla N, Zambom‐Ferraresi F, Moriguchi EH, Sáez de Asteasu ML. Effects of short-term multicomponent exercise intervention on muscle power in hospitalized older patients: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2959-2968. [PMID: 37989600 PMCID: PMC10751409 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bed rest during hospitalization can negatively impact functional independence and clinical status of older individuals. Strategies focused on maintaining and improving muscle function may help reverse these losses. This study investigated the effects of a short-term multicomponent exercise intervention on maximal strength and muscle power in hospitalized older patients. METHODS This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial was conducted in an acute care unit in a tertiary public hospital. Ninety (39 women) older patients (mean age 87.7 ± 4.8 years) undergoing acute-care hospitalization [median (IQR) duration 8 (1.75) and 8 (3) days for intervention and control groups, respectively]) were randomly assigned to an exercise intervention group (n = 44) or a control group (n = 46). The control group received standard care hospital including physical rehabilitation as needed. The multicomponent exercise intervention was performed for 3 consecutive days during the hospitalization, consisting of individualized power training, balance, and walking exercises. Outcomes assessed at baseline and discharge were maximal strength through 1 repetition maximum test (1RM) in the leg press and bench press exercises, and muscle power output at different loads (≤30% of 1RM and between 45% and 55% of 1RM) in the leg press exercise. Mean peak power during 10 repetitions was assessed at loads between 45% and 55% of 1RM. RESULTS At discharge, intervention group increased 19.2 kg (Mean Δ% = 40.4%) in leg press 1RM [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.1, 26.2 kg; P < 0.001] and 2.9 kg (Mean Δ% = 19.7%) in bench press 1RM (95% CI: 0.6, 5.2 kg; P < 0.001). The intervention group also increased peak power by 18.8 W (Mean Δ% = 69.2%) (95% CI: 8.4, 29.1 W; P < 0.001) and mean propulsive power by 9.3 (Mean Δ% = 26.8%) W (95% CI: 2.5, 16.1 W; P = 0.002) at loads ≤30% of 1RM. The intervention group also increased peak power by 39.1 W (Mean Δ% = 60.0%) (95% CI: 19.2, 59.0 W; P < 0.001) and mean propulsive power by 22.9 W (Mean Δ% = 64.1%) (95% CI: 11.7, 34.1 W; P < 0.001) at loads between 45% and 55% of 1RM. Mean peak power during the 10 repetitions improved by 20.8 W (Mean Δ% = 36.4%) (95% CI: 3.0, 38.6 W; P = 0.011). No significant changes were observed in the control group for any endpoint. CONCLUSIONS An individualized multicomponent exercise program including progressive power training performed over 3 days markedly improved muscle strength and power in acutely hospitalized older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo L. Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and DanceUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- NavarrabiomedHospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)‐Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Juliana Lopes Teodoro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and DanceUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Nicolás Martínez‐Velilla
- NavarrabiomedHospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)‐Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Department of GeriatricHospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)PamplonaSpain
| | - Fabricio Zambom‐Ferraresi
- NavarrabiomedHospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)‐Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | | | - Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu
- NavarrabiomedHospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN)‐Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNAPamplonaSpain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Radaelli R, Trajano GS, Freitas SR, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL, Pinto RS. Response to Comment on: "Power Training Prescription in Older Individuals: Is It Safe and Effective to Promote Neuromuscular Functional Improvements?". Sports Med 2023; 53:2283-2284. [PMID: 37707695 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Régis Radaelli
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Monte da Caparica, Portugal.
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gabriel S Trajano
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandro R Freitas
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Loturco I, Grazioli R, Veeck F, Nakamura FY, Inácio M, Schons P, Preissler A, Pinto RS, Pereira LA, McGuigan MR, Cadore EL. Effects of a Short-Term Detraining Period on the Strength Deficit and Functional Performance of Highly Trained Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:2058-2063. [PMID: 37015015 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Loturco, I, Grazioli, R, Veeck, F, Nakamura, FY, Inácio, M, Schons, P, Preissler, A, Pinto, RS, Pereira, LA, McGuigan, MR, and Cadore, EL. Effects of a short-term detraining period on the strength deficit and functional performance of highly trained soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2058-2063, 2023-The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week detraining period on the neuromuscular performance of highly trained soccer players. Pre and post detraining, 18 adult soccer players (age: 27 ± 4.9 years; height: 180.2 ± 7.1 cm; body mass [BM]: 78.9 ± 7.6 kg) performed vertical jumps, 20-m linear sprints, curve sprint and change of direction speed tests, and a progressive loading test in the half-squat exercise with loads corresponding to 50, 100, and 150% of the players' BM to assess the peak-force (PF), mean power (MP), and strength-deficit (SDef). Pre and post differences in the variables of interest were analyzed using paired t -tests and effect sizes (ES). No significant changes were detected for vertical jumping height and sprint times. Higher PF at 50 and 100% BM and lower SDef were shown when comparing pre- and postassessments (ES = 0.66, 0.68, 0.55; p = 0.018, 0.016, and 0.046, respectively). The MP at 50 and 100% BM increased significantly after the detraining phase (ES = 0.56, 0.82; p = 0.049 and 0.007, respectively). The results indicate that these athletes were able to maintain and achieve satisfactory levels of performance after a short period of training cessation. Interestingly, some strength- and power-derived parameters improved significantly after short-term detraining, which may have important implications for training programs aimed at maximizing speed and power performance. It is recommended that coaches test their players not only at the beginning but also at the end of the season, to better evaluate variations in performance and thus create more efficient and tailored training strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irineu Loturco
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- University of South Wales, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Filipe Veeck
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabio Y Nakamura
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University Institute of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE)/Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Martinho Inácio
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Schons
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Artur Preissler
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas A Pereira
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael R McGuigan
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; and
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Grazioli R, Inácio M, Lopez P, Freitas SR, Cunha GDS, Machado CLF, Veeck F, Baroni BM, Cadore EL, Pinto RS. Effects of eccentric-emphasized leg curl intervention on muscle strength imbalance markers in professional soccer players during pre-season. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 35:28-32. [PMID: 37330782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of strength training on muscle strength imbalance are unclear in professional soccer players. As a result, this study examined the effects of an 8-week strength training program comprising eccentric-emphasized prone leg curl adjusted according to the individual strength imbalance status. METHODS Ten professional soccer players (26.0 ± 3.6 yrs) participated in the study. Players who had a ≥ 10% contralateral imbalance in knee flexors eccentric peak torque (n = 6) performed two additional repetitions per set in the low-strength limb (high-volume, HV) compared to the high-strength limb (low-volume, LV). Isokinetic concentric knee extension and concentric and eccentric knee flexion peak torque (PT) and derived contralateral imbalances and conventional and functional hamstring-to-quadriceps ratios (H:Q) were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks. Differences at baseline were assessed using paired-sample T-tests, and a two-way (limb x time) repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for changes over time. RESULTS A significant improvement in the eccentric knee flexion PT was observed in both limbs after 8 weeks (P < 0.05), with greater effects observed in the HV limb (25.0 N m, 95% CI: 15.1-34.9 N m). Significant decreases were also observed in the contralateral imbalances from concentric knee extension and flexion and eccentric knee flexion PT (P < 0.05). Differences were not observed in concentric knee extension and flexion PT (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A short-term eccentric-emphasized leg curl intervention adjusted by the initial knee flexors eccentric strength was an efficient method to improve knee flexors strength imbalance in professional soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Martinho Inácio
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sandro R Freitas
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Giovani Dos Santos Cunha
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos L F Machado
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Filipe Veeck
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Freitas TT, Pereira LA, Alcaraz PE, Cadore EL, Grazioli R, Azevedo PHSM, Jeffreys I, Loturco I. Interrelationships Between Multiple Speed Tests in Youth Soccer: Are Players Equally Efficient at Performing Different Sprint and Change of Direction Tasks? J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:848-853. [PMID: 36730627 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Freitas, TT, Pereira, LA, Alcaraz, PE, Cadore, EL, Grazioli, R, Azevedo, PHSM, Jeffreys, I, and Loturco, I. Interrelationships between multiple speed tests in youth soccer: Are players equally efficient at performing different sprint and COD tasks? J Strength Cond Res 37(4): 848-853, 2023-We investigated the relationships between linear and multidirectional sprint tests in elite young soccer players, using different speed measurements and their associated deficits. Twenty-three under-17 and 17 under-16 soccer players performed, on the same day, 17-m linear sprint (with 10-m split times), curve sprints for "good" and "weak" sides (CSGS and CSWS, respectively), and zigzag and 505 change of direction (COD) tests. The Pearson's product moment test was used to determine the relationships among the tested variables. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Large and very large significant correlations were observed between CSGS and CSWS and 10-m ( r = 0.73 and r = 0.53, respectively; p < 0.0001) and 17-m sprint velocity ( r = 0.84 and r = 0.74, respectively; p < 0.0001). Moderate and significant associations were identified between zigzag and 17-m sprint performances ( r = 0.40; p = 0.02). No significant relationships were found between 505 performance and 17-m sprint velocity and between the different COD tasks ( p > 0.05). Significant correlations were observed between sprint performance at 10- and 17-m and both CS and COD deficits ( r values ranging from 0.37 to 0.54; p < 0.05). In general, higher linear sprinting velocities were associated with superior performances in smoother multidirectional tasks (i.e., CS and zigzag tests) but not in more aggressive COD maneuvers (i.e., 505). Faster athletes in linear actions presented greater CS and COD deficits. No associations were detected between the different COD measurements, supporting the notion that the technical and mechanical demands of COD actions are angle and velocity dependent. From a practical perspective, comprehensive speed testing batteries (i.e., incorporating linear sprints, CS, and different COD assessments) should be administered to young soccer players, to better understand their ability to change direction and sprint over multiple trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás T Freitas
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia,
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucas A Pereira
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia,
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Guarani Football Club, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Irineu Loturco
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
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Grazioli R, Loturco I, Lopez P, Setuain I, Goulart J, Veeck F, Inácio M, Izquierdo M, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Effects of Moderate-to-Heavy Sled Training Using Different Magnitudes of Velocity Loss in Professional Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:629-635. [PMID: 33009351 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Grazioli, R, Loturco, I, Lopez, P, Setuain, I, Goulart, J, Veeck, F, Inácio, M, Izquierdo, M, Pinto, RS, and Cadore, EL. Effects of moderate-to-heavy sled training using different magnitudes of velocity loss in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 37(3): 629-635, 2023-This study investigated the effects of a 11-week moderate-to-heavy sled training intervention with different magnitudes of velocity loss on sprint and jump performance, mechanical muscle function, and body composition in professional soccer players. Seventeen players (age 25.8 ± 4.3 years; height 180.0 ± 8.6 cm; mass 77.7 ± 9.7 kg) were randomly allocated into 2 groups, based on different magnitudes of velocity loss: 10% of velocity decrease (G10, n = 8) and 20% of velocity decrease (G20, n = 9). The velocity-based sled training consisted of 20-m resisted sprints with a progressive loading increase from 45 to 65% of body-mass throughout the intervention. Pre-intervention and postintervention sprint and jump performance, hamstring and quadriceps peak torque and isometric rate of torque development, and lower-limb lean mass measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry were assessed and compared. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant time-effect for decreases in 10- and 20-m sprint times ( p = 0.018 and p = 0.033, respectively), but without a time-group interaction. The G10 showed greater beneficial effects than G20 for both 10-m (-5.5 ± 3.3%, magnitude-based inference [MBI]: possibly vs. -1.7 ± 5.9%, MBI: possibly trivial) and 20-m (-2.5 ± 2.1%, MBI: possibly vs. -1.4 ± 3.7%, MBI: likely trivial) sprint times. Moreover, there was a significant time effect for countermovement jump height and quadriceps isometric peak torque, which decreased significantly after training ( p = 0.019 and p = 0.010, respectively), with no within-group effect of time vs. group interaction for these respective outcomes. The novel velocity-based sled model proposed here, especially under lower magnitudes of velocity loss, was able to significantly improve linear sprint performance in professional soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Irineu Loturco
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia ; and
| | - Igor Setuain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Tudela, Navarra, Spain
| | - Jean Goulart
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Filipe Veeck
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martinho Inácio
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Tudela, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Bays-Moneo AB, Izquierdo M, Antón MM, Cadore EL. Cost-Consequences Analysis Following Different Exercise Interventions in Institutionalized Oldest Old: A Pilot Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:1091-1099. [PMID: 37997731 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to investigate the effects of two different exercise interventions on cost of care, functional capacity, falls occurrence, muscle strength, and executive function in institutionalized oldest old. DESIGN A pilot study of a randomized clinical trial investigating 12 months of two exercise interventions compared to a usual care group in oldest old residents of a nursing home. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 69 older patients (mean age 89.4 ±5.1 years) completed the full baseline and post intervention measurements. Participants were randomly allocated into multicomponent exercise group (MG, n=23), calisthenics group (CALG, n = 23), and usual care group (UCG, n=23). METHODS Primary outcome was individual cost of care, and secondary outcomes included different physical and cognitive functioning tests, as well as number of falls. RESULTS MG reduced the cost of care compared to the pre-intervention period, with the greatest difference from baseline achieved in month 12 [mean change 95% confidence interval (CI)=-330.43 (-527.06, -133.80), P=0.006], while UCG increased this outcome, with the greatest difference from baseline observed in month 12 [mean change (95%CI)=300.00 (170.27, 429.72), P=0.013]. In addition, MG significantly improved SPPB score [mean change (95% CI) = 1.21 (0.55, 1.88), P<0.001], whereas the UCG exhibited a decline in scores [mean change (95% CI) = -1.43 (-1.90, -0.97), P<0.001]. Moreover, MG group demonstrated an improvement in the number of falls [mean change (CI 95%) = -1.0 (-1.73, -0.27), P=0.003], while no significant changes were observed in UCG. Additionally, MG exhibited a significant increase in the handgrip strength (HGS) and leg press strength (P<0.001), while a decrease was observed in UCG (P<0.001). No significant changes were observed in the CALG. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS a one-year multicomponent exercise intervention reduced the cost of care, improved functional capacity and muscle strength, as well as reduced falls in institutionalized oldest old.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Bays-Moneo
- Mikel Izquierdo, PhD, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n 31008 Pamplona (Navarra) Spain, Tel + 34 948 417876,
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Álvarez C, Cadore EL, Gaya AR, Mello JB, Reuter CP, Delgado-Floody P, Ramos Sepúlveda JA, Carrillo HA, Devia DG, Burgos AV, Vásquez-Gómez J, Ramírez-Vélez R, Alonso-Martínez AM, Izquierdo M. A descriptive ranking of blood pressure and physical fitness of Latin-American ethnic schoolchildren. Ethn Health 2023; 28:136-158. [PMID: 34781793 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2021.2002827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a general lack of information about how insufficient physical activity impacts blood pressure and physical fitness in Latin-American ethnic minorities. AIMS To describe the interactions between insufficient physical activity, blood pressure, and physical fitness outcomes in Latin-American schoolchildren of different ethnicity. METHODS This was a prospective, international, multi-center, and cross-sectional study of three Latin-American countries involving schoolchildren from seven ethnic groups of Colombia (Tikuna, Nasa, Embera), Brazil (African, Mulato), and Chile (Mapuche), and also European schoolchildren from Brazil and Chile. Data were categorized based on whether participants were physically active (PA) or insufficient physical activity (iPA) using the WHO physical activity recommendations. The main outcomes were systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressure, and scores for physical and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF, by estimated V˙O2max), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), and standing long jump (SLJ). Secondary outcomes were anthropometric measures (weight, height, body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], waist-to-height ratio), and body fat percentage (BF%, limited data by country). Primary and secondary outcomes were ranked. RESULTS For both PA and iPA categories, significant interactions between ethnic groups were found concerning SBP/DBP (F(37.7), ES 0.08; F(51.5), ES 0.08), V˙O2max (F(37.7), ES 0.08; F(51.5), ES 0.08), HGS (F(33.8), ES 0.07; F(5.03), ES 0.04), and SLJ (F(64.3), ES 0.14; F(64.3), 0.14). In the iPA category, Mapuche schoolchildren were classified 1st (119.5; 81.5) with highest SBP/DBP and highest MAP (94.6 mmHg); Embera schoolchildren were classified 1st with lowest V˙O2max (33.7 mL/kg/min); and European schoolchildren were classified 1st (19.9 kg) with lowest HGS and SLJ (121.4 m) physical fitness. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of insufficient physical activity conditions, Mapuche schoolchildren had the most detrimental blood pressure, whereas Embera, Tikuna, and European schoolchildren had the lowest levels of physical fitness. These results serve to highlight the need for the early and appropriate promotion of physical activity based on ethnic differences in Latin-American schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Álvarez
- Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group API4, Departmento de Salud, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- Projeto Esporte Brazil (PROESP-Br). School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Post-graduation Program in Human Movement Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Júlio Brugnara Mello
- Projeto Esporte Brazil (PROESP-Br). School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Post-graduation Program in Human Movement Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Department of Health Sciences and Post-graduation Program in Health Promotion. Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jeison A Ramos Sepúlveda
- Programa de Licenciatura en Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Innovación e Investigación La Aldea, Fundación Educativa La Aldea, Jamundí, Colombia
| | - Hugo Alejandro Carrillo
- Grupo de Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud (GIAFS), Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Deporte de Rendimiento (GRINDER), Programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Alex Véliz Burgos
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Jaime Vásquez-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudios en Educación, Actividad 18 Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | | | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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Blanco-Rambo E, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Letter to the editor: Dance as an Intervention to Improve Physical and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:75-76. [PMID: 36651489 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Blanco-Rambo
- Mikel Izquierdo, PhD, Department of Health Sciences Public University of Navarra, Av. De Barañain s/n 31008 Pamplona (Navarra) Spain, Tel + 34 948 417876
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Formighieri C, Müller DC, Sáez de Asteasu ML, Mello A, Teodoro JL, Boeno F, Grazioli R, Cunha GDS, Pietta-Dias C, Izquierdo M, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Interindividual variability of adaptations following either traditional strength or power training combined to endurance training in older men: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2022; 169:111984. [PMID: 36270544 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the interindividual responses following two different concurrent training (CT) regimens in neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory and functional outcomes of older men. Thirty-five older men (65.8 ± 3.9 years) were randomly allocated into one of two CT groups: power training (PT) + high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (n = 17); or traditional strength training (TST) + HIIT (n = 18). Maximal dynamic strength (one-repetition maximum, 1RM), rate of force development at 100 milliseconds (RDF100), countermovement jump power (CMJ), quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (QF MT), functional tests (sit-to-stand, timed-up-and-go, and stair climbing), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were assessed pre-, post-8 and post-16 weeks of training. The Chi-squared test was used for assessing differences in the prevalence of responders (Rs), non-responders (NRs), and adverse responders (ARs). Similar prevalence of individual responses (Rs, NRs and ARs) between groups were observed after intervention in almost all outcomes: 1RM; power at CMJ; QF MT, and functional tests (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference in the distribution of Rs, NRs and ARs between groups was observed in the RFD100 after 16 weeks (p = 0.003), with PT + HIIT group presenting high prevalence of Rs than TST + HIIT (100 % vs. 50 %). The inclusion of explosive-type of contractions in a concurrent training regime induces greater responsiveness in the RFD100 in older men, while no differences compared to traditional strength training are observed in maximal strength, muscle size, VO2peak, and functional performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Formighieri
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diana C Müller
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Alexandre Mello
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Teodoro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francesco Boeno
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giovani Dos S Cunha
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Pietta-Dias
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Grazioli R, Loturco I, Veeck F, Radaelli R, Teodoro JL, Garcia-tabar I, Inácio M, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Relationship between neuromuscular profile and total volume of resisted sprint training in male professional soccer players. Sport Sci Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sáez de Asteasu ML, Steffens T, Ramirez-Velez R, Cadore EL, Izquierdo M, Pietta-Dias C. Low handgrip strength is associated with higher cancer prevalence in frail nonagenarians and centenarians. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111862. [PMID: 35660420 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It is known that muscle strength is associated with adverse health outcomes associated with cancer-related symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between handgrip strength and cancer in frail oldest old. In this prospective cohort study, 81 nonagenarians and centenarians were included [mean age (SD): 94.2 (3.8) years]. Data related to prevalent cancer were self-reported and global strength was assessed by handgrip strength. Logistic regressions were calculated for age- and sex-specific tertiles of relative grip strength, with participants in the highest tertile considered as the reference group. The χ2 test was used to assess differences in tertile categories of normalized handgrip strength between groups (i.e., cancer diagnoses or not). Significant differences were obtained for normalized handgrip strength tertile categories between groups: older adults without a diagnosis of cancer had higher handgrip strength values than peers with cancer (p = 0.039). Of those with cancer, 50% were classified in tertile 1, 36% in tertile 2 and 14% in tertile 3. Considering those without a diagnosis of cancer, 27% were in tertile 1, 32% in tertile 2 and 41% in tertile 3. Low handgrip strength is associated with higher cancer prevalence in frail nonagenarians and centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tainara Steffens
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramirez-Velez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Caroline Pietta-Dias
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Mello ABD, Izquierdo M, Teodoro JL, Cadore EL. Effects of multicomponent exercise training on the intrinsic capacity in frail older adults: review of clinical trials. Motriz: rev educ fis 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220008022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Setuain I, Berriel GP, Lanz D, Schons P, Oliveira HB, Grazioli R, Peyré-Tartaruga LA, Garcia-Tabar I, Cadore EL. Jump performance and mechanics after a regular training bout in elite volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:633-640. [PMID: 34546025 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volleyball is a complex intermittent sport characterized by short explosive technical movements, many of which involve vertical jumping. The assessment of mechanical jumping variables in relation to both injury prevention and performance enhancement through the use of wearable technologies is becoming a new training tool among professional volleyball players. METHODS The present study aimed to assess the vertical jumping mechanics before and after a controlled load (volume and intensity) of a routine volleyball training session among male professional players. Twelve male elite professional volleyball players (23.7 ± 4.9 years, 198.1 ± 6.2 cm, 92.2 ± 10.3 kg) of national and international level belonging to the same Brazilian first league team were recruited. Biomechanical analysis of vertical unilateral countermovement jump (CMJ) and bilateral CMJ tests were performed before and after a routine training session of these players at their usual training court. An inertial orientation sensor placed at the third lumbar vertebra was employed for biomechanical data collection. RESULTS In relation to the unilateral CMJ, a 10% decrease (p = 0.02) in the vertical ground reaction force after training compared to pre-training values was observed. However, no significant differences were observed in the remaining outcomes. Regarding the bilateral CMJ, no significant differences were observed in all assessed outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed no evidence of fatigue after a controlled regular in season volleyball training session in professional players. In addition, this volleyball training session induced a significant reduction in the vertical ground reaction force during unilateral CMJ in volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Setuain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain - .,TDN Clinical Rehabilitation Centre, Pamplona, Spain -
| | - Guilherme P Berriel
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniel Lanz
- TDN Clinical Rehabilitation Centre, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Schons
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Oliveira
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A Peyré-Tartaruga
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ibai Garcia-Tabar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitória, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Godoy DF, Cadore EL, Feitosa WG, Correia RDA, Castro FADS. Oxygen Uptake of Wave Surfers and Complementary Parameters in Front Crawl and Surfing-Paddling Tests. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:2645-2650. [PMID: 31373983 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Godoy, DF, Cadore, EL, Feitosa, WG, Correia, RdA, and Castro, FAdS. Oxygen uptake of wave surfers and complementary parameters in front crawl and surfing-paddling tests. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2645-2650, 2021-The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the oxygen uptake and complementary parameters (heart rate [HR], blood lactate concentration, and rate of perceived exertion [RPE]) obtained from surfers swimming and paddling in a swimming pool. Fourteen recreational male surfers (37.7 ± 4.7 years old) were evaluated in (a) a maximal 300-m front crawl test and (b) paddling in a surfboard test, both at the same intensity and for the same duration. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak) during the tests (direct method), HR, blood lactate concentration (LA), and RPE were assessed. Two-way analysis of variance, a simple Student t test, effect size calculation, intraclass correlation coefficient, and limits of agreement were applied. In general, the tests presented similar results (except for HR), with low agreement, high intraclass correlation, and average to large effect sizes between swimming and paddling. The results suggest that surfers training in a swimming pool should not simply be swimming. Front crawl swimming and surf paddling are 2 distinct actions that should be practiced and tested on their own merits rather than assumed to be interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Godoy
- Aquatic Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Strength Training Research Group, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; and
| | - Wellington G Feitosa
- Aquatic Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculty of Physical Education, Cearà State University, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de A Correia
- Aquatic Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flávio A de S Castro
- Aquatic Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Guzmán-Venegas R, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL, López JC. Comparison of the Electromyographic Activity of Different Zones of the Abductor digiti minimi manus Muscle in Search of a Functional Compartmentalisation. INT J MORPHOL 2021. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022021000200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Vieira AF, Umpierre D, Teodoro JL, Lisboa SC, Baroni BM, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Effects of Resistance Training Performed to Failure or Not to Failure on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Power Output: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:1165-1175. [PMID: 33555822 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Vieira, AF, Umpierre, D, Teodoro, JL, Lisboa, SC, Baroni, BM, Izquierdo, M, and Cadore, EL. Effects of resistance training performed to failure or not to failure on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and power output: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1165-1175, 2021-The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence from longitudinal studies assessing the effects induced by resistance training (RT) performed to failure (RTF) vs. not to failure (RTNF) on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and power output in adults. Three electronic databases were searched using terms related to RTF and RTNF. Studies were eligible if they met the following criteria: randomized and nonrandomized studies comparing the effects of RTF vs. RTNF on muscle hypertrophy, maximal strength, and muscle power in adults, and RT intervention ≥6 weeks. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs) between treatments with 95% confidence intervals, and calculations were performed using random effects models. Significance was accepted when p < 0.05. Thirteen studies were included in this review. No difference was found between RTF and RTNF on maximal strength in overall analysis (SMD: -0.08; p = 0.642), but greater strength increase was observed in RTNF considering nonequalized volumes (SMD: -0.34; p = 0.048). Resistance training performed to failure showed a greater increase in muscle hypertrophy than RTNF (SMD: 0.75; p = 0.005), whereas no difference was observed considering equalized RT volumes. No difference was found between RTF and RTNF on muscle power considering overall analysis (SMD: -0.20; p = 0.239), whereas greater improvement was observed in RTNF considering nonequalized RT volumes (SMD: -0.61; p = 0.025). Resistance training not to failure may induce comparable or even greater improvements in maximal dynamic strength and power output, whereas no difference between RTF vs. RTNF is observed on muscle hypertrophy, considering equalized RT volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra F Vieira
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Daniel Umpierre
- Department of Public Health, University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS/HCPA), Clinical Research Center, Clinicas Hospital of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Exercise Pathophysiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Teodoro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Salime C Lisboa
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Bruno M Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; and
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Complex of Navarra (CHN)-Public University of Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
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Domingues LB, Cadore EL, Ferrari R. Hemodynamic responses of resistance exercise performed with repetitions to failure and not to failure in adults with hypertension. Blood Press Monit 2021; 26:46-52. [PMID: 32740293 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the hemodynamic responses of resistance exercise (RE) performed with repetitions to failure vs. not to failure in individuals with hypertension. METHODS Twenty participants were randomly allocated to perform three experimental sessions: a RE session performed with repetitions to failure (RF); a RE session performed with repetitions not to failure (NRF); and a non-exercise control session (Con). RE sessions were composed of four sets of 10 repetitions in four exercises involving large muscle groups. To ensure that the sets could be performed with RF or NRF, intensities corresponding to 75% and 50% of one-repetition maximum test were adopted in RF and NRF sessions, respectively. The Con was performed in seated rest. Blood pressure and rate-pressure product were measured before, during and after the experimental sessions for 1 h. RESULTS SBP and DBP decreased after NRF compared with Con (systolic post 1 h: -7.7 ± 1.1 mmHg, P < 0.001; diastolic post 1 h: -4.2 ± 0.7 mmHg, P = 0.001), and after RF compared with Con (systolic post 1 h: -8.2 ± 1.3 mmHg, P < 0.001; diastolic post 1 h: -7.4 ± 1.4 mmHg, P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in blood pressure between RF and NRF sessions after 1 h. Rate-pressure product was lower during NRF compared with RF (P = 0.001), suggesting a higher cardiovascular demand during the RF session. CONCLUSION The RF and NRF sessions are equally effective to promote post-exercise hypotension. In addition, NRF session can reduce cardiac demand during the exercise and should be recommended in adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Faculdade Sogipa de Educação Física
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Faculdade Sogipa de Educação Física
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Guzmán-Venegas R, Valencia O, Cadore EL, izquierdo M. Neuromuscular Compartmentalization of the Vastus Medialis Muscle: Comparison of the Activity of the Vastus Medialis Obliquus and the Vastus Medialis Longus by High Density Electromyography. INT J MORPHOL 2021. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022021000100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sáez de Asteasu ML, Martínez-Velilla N, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Hermoso A, Cadore EL, Izquierdo M. Exercise Effects on Brain and Muscle Function in Acutely Hospitalized Older Patients Assessed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 22:875-876. [PMID: 33485856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás Martínez-Velilla
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande of Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Izquierdo M, Merchant RA, Morley JE, Anker SD, Aprahamian I, Arai H, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Bernabei R, Cadore EL, Cesari M, Chen LK, de Souto Barreto P, Duque G, Ferrucci L, Fielding RA, García-Hermoso A, Gutiérrez-Robledo LM, Harridge SDR, Kirk B, Kritchevsky S, Landi F, Lazarus N, Martin FC, Marzetti E, Pahor M, Ramírez-Vélez R, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Rolland Y, Ruiz JG, Theou O, Villareal DT, Waters DL, Won Won C, Woo J, Vellas B, Fiatarone Singh M. International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:824-853. [PMID: 34409961 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human ageing process is universal, ubiquitous and inevitable. Every physiological function is being continuously diminished. There is a range between two distinct phenotypes of ageing, shaped by patterns of living - experiences and behaviours, and in particular by the presence or absence of physical activity (PA) and structured exercise (i.e., a sedentary lifestyle). Ageing and a sedentary lifestyle are associated with declines in muscle function and cardiorespiratory fitness, resulting in an impaired capacity to perform daily activities and maintain independent functioning. However, in the presence of adequate exercise/PA these changes in muscular and aerobic capacity with age are substantially attenuated. Additionally, both structured exercise and overall PA play important roles as preventive strategies for many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, osteoporosis, and obesity; improvement of mobility, mental health, and quality of life; and reduction in mortality, among other benefits. Notably, exercise intervention programmes improve the hallmarks of frailty (low body mass, strength, mobility, PA level, energy) and cognition, thus optimising functional capacity during ageing. In these pathological conditions exercise is used as a therapeutic agent and follows the precepts of identifying the cause of a disease and then using an agent in an evidence-based dose to eliminate or moderate the disease. Prescription of PA/structured exercise should therefore be based on the intended outcome (e.g., primary prevention, improvement in fitness or functional status or disease treatment), and individualised, adjusted and controlled like any other medical treatment. In addition, in line with other therapeutic agents, exercise shows a dose-response effect and can be individualised using different modalities, volumes and/or intensities as appropriate to the health state or medical condition. Importantly, exercise therapy is often directed at several physiological systems simultaneously, rather than targeted to a single outcome as is generally the case with pharmacological approaches to disease management. There are diseases for which exercise is an alternative to pharmacological treatment (such as depression), thus contributing to the goal of deprescribing of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMS). There are other conditions where no effective drug therapy is currently available (such as sarcopenia or dementia), where it may serve a primary role in prevention and treatment. Therefore, this consensus statement provides an evidence-based rationale for using exercise and PA for health promotion and disease prevention and treatment in older adults. Exercise prescription is discussed in terms of the specific modalities and doses that have been studied in randomised controlled trials for their effectiveness in attenuating physiological changes of ageing, disease prevention, and/or improvement of older adults with chronic disease and disability. Recommendations are proposed to bridge gaps in the current literature and to optimise the use of exercise/PA both as a preventative medicine and as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Izquierdo
- Mikel Izquierdo, PhD, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Av. De Barañain s/n 31008 Pamplona (Navarra) Spain, Tel + 34 948 417876
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25
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Grazioli R, Loturco I, Baroni BM, Oliveira GS, Saciura V, Vanoni E, Dias R, Veeck F, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Coronavirus Disease-19 Quarantine Is More Detrimental Than Traditional Off-Season on Physical Conditioning of Professional Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:3316-3320. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Teodoro JL, Izquierdo M, da Silva LXN, Baroni BM, Grazioli R, Lopez P, Fritsch CG, Radaelli R, Saez de Asteasu ML, Bottaro M, Farinha JB, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Effects of long-term concurrent training to failure or not in muscle power output, muscle quality and cardiometabolic risk factors in older men: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2020; 139:111023. [PMID: 32697957 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of concurrent training performed either with repetitions to failure or not to failure in muscle power, muscle quality (MQ), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and visceral fat in older men. This is an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. 36 older men (mean age ± SD; 67.1 ± 5.1 years) were randomized into three groups: one performing repetitions to failure (RFG, n = 13), another performing repetitions not to failure and 50% of the repetitions of the RFG (NFG, n = 12), and third performing repetitions not to failure with equal training volume of the RFG (ENFG, n = 11). The training was performed twice a week for 20 weeks at intensities ranging from 65 to 80% of maximal strength. In each session, the individuals started with strengthening exercises and then performed aerobic exercise (i.e., walking) on a treadmill. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to post-20 wk of absolute and relative muscle power output during squat and countermovement jump, ultrasound measurements for MQ using quadriceps echo intensity, and visceral fat thickness, as well as their VO2peak through a maximal incremental test on a treadmill. All training groups improved similarly and significantly jump height (ranging from 9 to 16%) and all their muscle power outcomes (mean change ranging from 2 to 7%) (P < .001). In addition, all groups significantly decreased visceral fat thickness (ranging from -11 to -21%) (P < .001), and significantly increased VO2peak (ranging from 4 to 8%) (P < .01), with no differences between groups. No changes were observed in the MQ outcomes. Concurrent training performed using repetitions to failure or not to failure promoted similar gains in the muscle power output, aerobic capacity, and visceral fat in healthy older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L Teodoro
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Larissa X N da Silva
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopez
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina G Fritsch
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Régis Radaelli
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mikel L Saez de Asteasu
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Martim Bottaro
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Sáez de Asteasu ML, Martínez-Velilla N, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Hermoso A, Cadore EL, Casas-Herrero Á, Galbete A, Izquierdo M. Changes in muscle power after usual care or early structured exercise intervention in acutely hospitalized older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:997-1006. [PMID: 32155323 PMCID: PMC7432584 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A classic consequence of short-term bed rest in older adults is the significant loss in skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength that underlies the accelerated physical performance deficits. Structured exercise programmes applied during acute hospitalization can prevent muscle function deterioration. METHODS A single-blind randomized clinical trial conducted in an acute care for elders unit in a tertiary public hospital in Navarre (Spain). Three hundred seventy hospitalized patients [56.5% female patients; mean age (standard deviation) 87.3 (4.9) years] were randomly allocated to an exercise intervention (n = 185) or a control (n = 185) group (usual care). The intervention consisted of a multicomponent exercise training programme performed during 5-7 consecutive days (2 sessions/day). The usual-care group received habitual hospital care, which included physical rehabilitation when needed. The main endpoints were change in maximal dynamic strength (i.e. leg-press, chest-press, and knee extension exercises) and maximal isometric knee extensors and hip flexors strength from baseline to discharge. Changes in muscle power output at submaximal and maximal loads were also measured after the intervention. RESULTS The physical exercise programme provided significant benefits over usual care. At discharge, the exercise group showed a mean increase of 19.6 kg [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.0, 23.2; P < 0.001] on the one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the leg-press exercise, 5.7 kg (95% CI, 4.7, 6.8; P < 0.001) on the 1RM in the chest-press exercise, and 9.4 kg (95% CI, 7.3, 11.5; P < 0.001) on the 1RM in the knee extension exercise over usual-care group. There were improvements in the intervention group also in the isometric maximal knee extension strength [14.8 Newtons (N); 95% CI, 11.2, 18.5 vs. -7.8 N; 95% CI, -11.0, -3.5 in the control group; P < 0.001] and the hip flexion strength (13.6 N; 95% CI, 10.7, 16.5 vs. -7.2 N; 95% CI, -10.1, -4.3; P < 0.001). Significant benefits were also observed in the exercise group for the muscle power output at submaximal loads (i.e. 30% 1RM, 45% 1RM, 60% 1RM, and 75% 1RM; all P < 0.001) over usual-care group. CONCLUSIONS An individualized, multicomponent exercise training programme, with special emphasis on muscle power training, proved to be an effective therapy for improving muscle power output of lower limbs at submaximal loads and maximal muscle strength in older patients during acute hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás Martínez-Velilla
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Laboratory of Exercise Research, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Casas-Herrero
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Galbete
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Izquierdo M, Sáez de Asteasu ML, Martínez-Velilla N, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Hermoso A, Cadore EL, Casas-Herrero Á, Galbete A. Changes In Muscle Power After Usual Care Or Early Structured Exercise Intervention In Acutely Hospitalized Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000671652.51460.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lanferdini FJ, Manganelli BF, Lopez P, Klein KD, Cadore EL, Vaz MA. Echo Intensity Reliability for the Analysis of Different Muscle Areas in Athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 33:3353-3360. [PMID: 31765345 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lanferdini, FJ, Manganelli, BF, Lopez, P, Klein, KD, Cadore, EL, and Vaz, MA. Echo intensity reliability for the analysis of different muscle areas in athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3353-3360, 2019-Skeletal muscles' echo intensity (EI) is used as a parameter to evaluate muscle damage and muscle quality after exercise or training. However, recent muscle EI studies have used regions of interest (ROIs) of different sizes for assessing muscle damage and muscle quality, which may lead to different results if the different ROIs from the same muscle are not reliable. Although a maximum rectangular ROI (RET-ROI), included in the muscles' anatomical cross-sectional area, can be used to represent the maximum muscle ROI (MAX-ROI), no studies were found that investigated the reliability of the evaluations of different ROIs for the EI of superficial vs. deep muscles of the thigh. In addition, no studies have evaluated different ROIs in cyclists, at different days and analyzed by different raters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EI reliability of rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) muscles of cyclists. Twenty cyclists visited the laboratory 4 times for the evaluation of RF and VI muscles transversal ultrasound images. Echo intensity was determined from grayscale mean values by 2 examiners who performed the analysis with 3 different ROIs: MAX-ROI, RET-ROI, and 1-cm ROI (1CM-ROI). The between-ROI EI data reliability showed a strong correlation in both RF (r ≥ 0.79) and VI (r ≥ 0.87) muscles. Bland-Altman tests demonstrated high agreement among RF ROI muscle areas (p > 0.05), with no agreement between the VI areas (p < 0.05). Only the RF muscle MAX-ROI, RET-ROI, and 1CM-ROI areas are similar for EI analysis, with no similarities for the same VI muscle areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio J Lanferdini
- Laboratory of Exercise Research, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Grazioli R, Lopez P, Machado CLF, Farinha JB, Fagundes AO, Voser R, Reischak-Oliveira Á, Setuain I, Izquierdo M, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Moderate volume of sprint bouts does not induce muscle damage in well-trained athletes. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 24:206-211. [PMID: 31987546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the recovery in response to different sprint protocols is important for optimizing neuromuscular gains and organizing training sessions in sports. The current study aimed to investigate acute neuromuscular changes following a moderate volume of sprint protocols with and without change-of-direction. METHODS 26 well-trained male collegiate athletes from different sports were randomly allocated into straight-line group (SLG) or change-of-direction group (CODG). The protocols were 1 × 15 repetitions of 20-meter sprints in line (SLG) or with two changes in each repetition (CODG). Knee extension maximal and explosive strength, jump performance, serum creatine kinase, and quadriceps and hamstrings echo intensity were collected pre-, post- 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. RESULTS There were no significant changes in any of the variables at any time point after the exercise protocols in comparison with pre-exercise values (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that sprint training with moderate volume with or without change of direction does not induce neuromuscular or physiological changes during 72 h post-exercise. This information is especially important for sports staff in order to optimize training prescription and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Grazioli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos L F Machado
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliano B Farinha
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex O Fagundes
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rogério Voser
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Reischak-Oliveira
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Igor Setuain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Tudela, Navarra, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Tudela, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Fragala MS, Cadore EL, Dorgo S, Izquierdo M, Kraemer WJ, Peterson MD, Ryan ED. Resistance Training for Older Adults: Position Statement From the National Strength and Conditioning Association. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:2019-2052. [PMID: 31343601 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fragala, MS, Cadore, EL, Dorgo, S, Izquierdo, M, Kraemer, WJ, Peterson, MD, and Ryan, ED. Resistance training for older adults: position statement from the national strength and conditioning association. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2019-2052, 2019-Aging, even in the absence of chronic disease, is associated with a variety of biological changes that can contribute to decreases in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function. Such losses decrease physiologic resilience and increase vulnerability to catastrophic events. As such, strategies for both prevention and treatment are necessary for the health and well-being of older adults. The purpose of this Position Statement is to provide an overview of the current and relevant literature and provide evidence-based recommendations for resistance training for older adults. As presented in this Position Statement, current research has demonstrated that countering muscle disuse through resistance training is a powerful intervention to combat the loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, physiological vulnerability, and their debilitating consequences on physical functioning, mobility, independence, chronic disease management, psychological well-being, quality of life, and healthy life expectancy. This Position Statement provides evidence to support recommendations for successful resistance training in older adults related to 4 parts: (a) program design variables, (b) physiological adaptations, (c) functional benefits, and (d) considerations for frailty, sarcopenia, and other chronic conditions. The goal of this Position Statement is to a) help foster a more unified and holistic approach to resistance training for older adults, b) promote the health and functional benefits of resistance training for older adults, and c) prevent or minimize fears and other barriers to implementation of resistance training programs for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sandor Dorgo
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
| | - William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mark D Peterson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan-Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Eric D Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Sáez de Asteasu ML, Martínez-Velilla N, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Casas-Herrero Á, Cadore EL, Ramirez-Velez R, Izquierdo M. Inter-individual variability in response to exercise intervention or usual care in hospitalized older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:1266-1275. [PMID: 31407876 PMCID: PMC6903436 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise protocols applied during hospitalization can prevent functional and cognitive decline in older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual response of acutely hospitalized patients to usual care and to physical exercise on functional capacity, muscle strength, and cognitive function and to assess the relationship with mortality at 1 year post-discharge. METHODS In a single-blind randomized clinical trial, 370 hospitalized patients [56.5% women; mean age (standard deviation) 87.3 (4.9) years] were allocated to an exercise intervention group (IG, n = 185) or a control group (CG, n = 185). The participants were older adults aged 75 years or older in an acute care unit in a tertiary public hospital in Navarra, Spain. The usual care group received habitual hospital care, which included physical rehabilitation when needed. The in-hospital intervention included individualized multicomponent exercise training programme performed during 5-7 consecutive days (two sessions/day). Functional capacity was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test and the Gait Velocity Test (GVT). Handgrip strength and cognitive function were also measured at admission and discharge. Patients in both groups were categorized as responders (Rs), non-responders (NRs), and adverse responders (ARs) based on the individual response to each treatment during hospitalization. RESULTS The prevalence of Rs was higher and the prevalence of NRs and ARs was lower in the intervention group than in the control group for functional capacity (SPPB IG: Rs 85.3%, NRs 8.7%, ARs 6.0% vs. CG: Rs 37.9%, NRs 28.8%, ARs 33.3% and GVT IG: Rs 51.2%, NRs 47.3, ARs 1.6% vs. CG: Rs 18.0%, NRs 67.7%, ARs 14.3%), muscle strength (IG: Rs 62.3%, NRs 26.5%, ARs 11.3% vs. CG: Rs 20.0%, NRs 38.0%, ARs 42.0%), and cognition (IG: Rs 41.5%, NRs 57.1%, ARs 1.4% vs. CG: Rs 13.8%, NRs 76.6%, ARs 9.7%) (all P < 0.001). The ARs for the GVT in the control group and the ARs for the SPPB in the intervention group had a significantly higher rate of mortality than the NRs and Rs in the equivalent groups (0.01 and 0.03, respectively) at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Older patients performing an individualized exercise intervention presented higher prevalence of Rs and a lower prevalence of NRs and ARs for functional capacity, muscle strength, and cognitive function than those who were treated with usual care during acute hospitalization. An adverse response on functional capacity in older patients to physical exercise or usual care during hospitalization was associated with mortality at 1 year post-discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás Martínez-Velilla
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Casas-Herrero
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Federal University of the Rio Grande of Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Álvarez C, Lucia A, Ramírez-Campillo R, Martínez-Salazar C, Delgado-Floody P, Cadore EL, Alonso-Martínez AM, Izquierdo M. Low sleep time is associated with higher levels of blood pressure and fat mass in Amerindian schoolchildren. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23303. [PMID: 31361065 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While altered sleep patterns (ie, low sleep time) have been studied and reported in adults as a new cardiometabolic risk factor, less information is available on how sleep patterns impact children of different ethnicities. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of blood pressure and other cardiometabolic risk factors in relation to different levels of sleep time in schoolchildren of Amerindian Mapuche or European-ancestry of Southern Chile. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 540 Chilean schoolchildren (6-13 years) were divided into two ethnic groups (n = 119 Mapuche Amerindians and n = 421 European-ancestry). Groups were analyzed according to sleep time per day as registered by parents' report and distributed into quartile categories of sleep time: Mapuche (quartile 1 [Q1] ≥10.0 h, n = 34; Q2 9.5-10.0 h, n = 29; Q3 8.5-9.0 h, n = 31; and Q4 ≤ 8.5 h, n = 25), and European (Q1, n = 99; Q2, n = 77; Q3, n = 144; Q4, n = 101). The main cardiovascular parameters (systolic [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure) were complemented with anthropometric/body composition (body mass, body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, fat mass, muscle mass, lean mass), cardiorespiratory (heart rate rest, oxygen saturation), and muscle strength (handgrip of dominant and non-dominant arm) outcomes. RESULTS From Q1 and across Q2, Q3, and Q4, there was an increase in delta mean SBP in both Mapuche (Δ +17.6 mm Hg) and European (Δ +7.3 mm Hg) schoolchildren with 30-90 min of decreased sleep time (using ≥10 h as reference in Q1). The tendency for worsening of other cardiometabolic risk factors was maintained for delta mean BMI (Δ +2.6 kg/m2 ), waist circumference (Δ +12 cm), and fat mass (Δ +8.3%) in Mapuches, whereas European peers showed only worsened waist circumference (Δ +6 cm) across Q2, Q3, and Q4 in comparison with reference Q1. There was also a higher prevalence of hypertension in Mapuche (31.1%) compared to in European schoolchildren (17.6%). CONCLUSIONS Mapuche and European schoolchildren show higher levels of SBP with a decrease in sleep time of 30 min; however, there is a higher prevalence of hypertension and obesity in ethnic Mapuches than in European schoolchildren. These findings indicate that more studies should be applied at early school ages for preventing low sleep time and their related cardiometabolic risk factors for hypertension development in different ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Álvarez
- Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid and Research Institute 'i+12', Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Cristian Martínez-Salazar
- Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alicia M Alonso-Martínez
- Grupo GICAEDS, Programa de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá, District of Columbia, Colombia
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Grupo GICAEDS, Programa de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá, District of Columbia, Colombia.,Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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34
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Teodoro JL, da Silva LXN, Fritsch CG, Baroni BM, Grazioli R, Boeno FP, Lopez P, Gentil P, Bottaro M, Pinto RS, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Concurrent training performed with and without repetitions to failure in older men: A randomized clinical trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:1141-1152. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L. Teodoro
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Larissa X. Neves da Silva
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Carolina G. Fritsch
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Bruno M. Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Francesco P. Boeno
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopez
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiania Brazil
| | - Martim Bottaro
- Faculdade de Educação Física Universidade de Brasília Brasilia Brazil
| | - Ronei S. Pinto
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences Public University of Navarre Pamplona Spain
| | - Eduardo L. Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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Álvarez C, Ramírez-Vélez R, Ramírez-Campillo R, Lucia A, Alonso-Martinez AM, Faúndez H, Cadore EL, Izquierdo M. Improvements cardiometabolic risk factors in Latin American Amerindians (the Mapuche) with concurrent training. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:886-896. [PMID: 30770586 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of CT (ie, high-intensity interval and resistance training) in Mapuche adults from Chile and in their peers of European descent. In total, 96 hyperglycemic adult women (mean age 46 years [95% confidence interval; 38, 53]) were divided in four groups: Mapuche CT (Map-CT, n = 14) or control group (Map-CG, n = 44), and European CT (Eur-CT, n = 14) or control group (Eur-CG, n = 23). The following endpoints were analyzed at baseline and after 12 weeks: anthropometric (body mass, body mass index, waist circumference), body composition (fat mass, muscle mass, lean mass), cardiovascular (systolic [SBP]/diastolic [DBP] blood pressure), metabolic (blood fasting glucose and total cholesterol), and muscle strength (handgrip of dominant/non-dominant arm). There were significant positive changes in body mass, body fat, and muscle mass (P < 0.0001) in both Map-CT and Eur-CT groups, whereas waist circumference was decreased significantly only in the Eur-CT group (P < 0.0001). Both Map-CT and Eur-CT groups showed decreased levels of fasting glucose (P < 0.05) and total cholesterol after the intervention (P < 0.0001). Also, both Map-CT (P < 0.05) and Eur-CT (P = 0.01) groups showed a lowered SBP. Finally, significant increases were observed after training in handgrip strength (dominant arm) in Map-CT and Eur-CT groups (both P < 0.0001). CT led to similar improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors for metabolic syndrome development in Mapuche and European participants, with additional improvements in other anthropometric, body composition, cardiovascular, metabolic, and muscle strength parameters related to the prevention of metabolic syndrome. These results suggest future more complex studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Álvarez
- Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed, Idisna, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Universidad Europea de Madrid (Faculty of Sport Sciences) and Research Institute 'i+12', Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia M Alonso-Martinez
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed, Idisna, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Harry Faúndez
- Education department of La Unión city, La Unión, Chile
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed, Idisna, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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36
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Fritsch CG, Dornelles MP, Teodoro JL, da Silva LXN, Vaz MA, Pinto RS, Cadore EL, Baroni BM. Effects of photobiomodulation therapy associated with resistance training in elderly men: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 119:279-289. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-4023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Velasco-Orjuela GP, Domínguez-Sanchéz MA, Hernández E, Correa-Bautista JE, Triana-Reina HR, García-Hermoso A, Peña-Ibagon JC, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL, Hackney AC, Ramírez-Vélez R. Acute effects of high-intensity interval, resistance or combined exercise protocols on testosterone – cortisol responses in inactive overweight individuals. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:401-409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Radaelli R, Brusco CM, Lopez P, Rech A, Machado CL, Grazioli R, Müller DC, Cadore EL, Pinto RS. Higher muscle power training volume is not determinant for the magnitude of neuromuscular improvements in elderly women. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Castanheira RPM, Ferreira-Junior JB, Celes RS, Rocha-Junior VA, Cadore EL, Izquierdo M, Bottaro M. Effects of Synergist vs. NonSynergist Split Resistance Training Routines on Acute Neuromuscular Performance in Resistance-Trained Men. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 31:3482-3488. [PMID: 28002176 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Castanheira, RPM, Ferreira-Junior, JB, Celes, RS, Rocha-Junior, VA, Cadore, EL, Izquierdo, M, and Bottaro, M. Effects of synergist vs. nonsynergist split resistance training routines on acute neuromuscular performance in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3482-3488, 2017-The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of synergist (SN) vs. nonsynergist (NS) split resistance training routines on the acute neuromuscular performance of the elbow flexors in resistance-trained men. Fifteen resistance-trained men (age: 23.2 ± 4.0 years, height: 173.0 ± 0.08 cm, and body mass: 78.38 ± 9.31 kg) randomly performed 3 training routines separated by an interval of 7 days: (a) pull-pull exercises (SN), which included 6 sets of 10 repetition maximum (RM) of a seated row exercise followed by 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise; (b) push-pull exercises (NS), which included 6 sets of 10RM of the bench press exercise followed by 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise; and (c) Control, which included 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise. Elbow flexors peak torque, total work, and the amplitude of electromyography signal (EMG root mean square) were measured during the elbow flexor isokinetic exercise. Peak torque was 10.2 and 3.9% higher during Control condition when compared with the SN and NS conditions, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). Peak torque was also 6.0% greater in the NS condition than the SN condition (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, total work was 5.1% greater in the NS condition than the SN condition. Additionally, EMG findings did not differ among conditions (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a push and pull NS split routine is recommended to maximize elbow flexor training performance (i.e., lower acute loading effect) in trained subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo S Celes
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Campus of Tudela, Tudela, Navarre, Spain
| | - Martim Bottaro
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Brusco CM, Blazevich AJ, Radaelli R, Botton CE, Cadore EL, Baroni BM, Trajano GS, Pinto RS. The effects of flexibility training on exercise-induced muscle damage in young men with limited hamstrings flexibility. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1671-1680. [PMID: 29396987 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adaptations to 6 weeks of supervised hamstring stretching training and its potential impact on symptoms of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) were studied in 10 young, untrained men with limited hamstrings flexibility. Participants performed unilateral flexibility training (experimental leg; EL) on an isokinetic dynamometer, while the contralateral limb acted as control (CL). Hip range of motion (ROM), passive, isometric, and concentric torques, active optimum angle, and biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle thickness and ultrasound echo intensity were assessed both before and after the training. Additionally, muscle soreness was assessed before and after an acute eccentric exercise bout in both legs (EL and CL) at post-training only. Hip ROM increased (P < .001) only in EL after the training (EL = 10.6° vs CL = 1.6°), but no changes (P > .05) in other criterion measurements were observed. After a bout of eccentric exercise at the end of the program, isometric and dynamic peak torques and muscle soreness ratings were significantly altered at all time points equally in EL and CL. Also, active optimum angle was reduced immediately, 48 and 72 hours post-exercise, and hip ROM was reduced at 48 and 72 hours equally in EL and CL. Finally, biceps femoris muscle thickness was significantly increased at all time points, and semitendinosus thickness and echo intensity significantly increased at 72 hours, with no significant differences between legs. The stretching training protocol significantly increased hip ROM; however, it did not induce a protective effect on EIMD in men with tight hamstrings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Brusco
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A J Blazevich
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - R Radaelli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C E Botton
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - E L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - B M Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - G S Trajano
- School of Exercise& Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - R S Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ribeiro AS, Aguiar AF, Schoenfeld BJ, Nunes JP, Cavalcante EF, Cadore EL, Cyrino ES. Effects of Different Resistance Training Systems on Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy in Resistance-Trained Older Women. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:545-553. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Cadore EL, Pinto RS, Teodoro JL, da Silva LXN, Menger E, Alberton CL, Cunha G, Schumann M, Bottaro M, ZamboM-Ferraresi F, Izquierdo M. Cardiorespiratory Adaptations in Elderly Men Following Different Concurrent Training Regimes. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:483-490. [PMID: 29582887 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of different intra-session exercise orders during concurrent training (CT) on endurance performance in elderly men, as well as to verify its influence on individual responses in endurance performance. DESIGN Twenty-five healthy elderly men (64.7 ± 4.1 years) were placed into two groups: strength training prior to endurance training (SE, n=13), and one in the reverse order (ES, n=12). CT was performed three times a week during 12 weeks. Before and after training, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), maximal workload (Wmax), absolute and relative cycling economy at 25, 50, 75 and 100 W (i.e., average VO2 at different stages) were assessed. RESULTS Similar increases in VO2peak were observed in the SE and ES groups (SE: 8.1 ± 9.9%; ES: 9.3 ± 9.8%; P<0.001), as well as in Wmax (SE: 19.9 ± 19.3%; ES: 24.1 ± 24.0%; P<0.001). Moreover, significant reductions were observed in the absolute VO2 at 100 W (P<0.05) in the SE and ES groups. No difference between groups was observed. In the ES group, one subject did not respond positively in terms of both VO2max and Wmax, whereas 4 subjects did not respond positively in terms of both VO2max and Wmax in SE group. CONCLUSIONS CT improved maximal and submaximal endurance performance in elderly men, independent of intra-session exercise order. However, it seems that the ES order elicited more individual responsiveness in terms of maximal endurance performance than SE order.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Cadore
- Mikel Izquierdo, PhD, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (Navarra) Spain, Campus of Tudela, Av. de Tarazona s/n. 31500 Tudela (Navarra) Spain, Tel.: + 34 948 417876, E-mail:
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Cruz-Salazar SM, Martínez M, Cadore EL, Alonso-Martinez AM, Correa-Bautista JE, Izquierdo M, Ortega FB, García-Hermoso A. Construct validity and test-retest reliability of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) in Colombian children and adolescents aged 9-17.9 years: the FUPRECOL study. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3351. [PMID: 28560104 PMCID: PMC5444366 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a lack of instruments and studies written in Spanish evaluating physical fitness, impeding the determination of the current status of this important health indicator in the Latin population, especially in Colombia. The aim of the study was two-fold: to examine the validity of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) with a population-based sample of schoolchildren from Bogota, Colombia and to examine the reliability of the IFIS with children and adolescents from Engativa, Colombia. Methods The sample comprised 1,873 Colombian youths (54.5% girls) aged 9–17.9 years. We measured their adiposity markers (waist-to-height ratio, skinfold thickness, percentage of body fat and body mass index), blood pressure, lipids profile, fasting glucose, and physical fitness level (self-reported and measured). A validated cardiometabolic risk index score was also used. An age- and sex-matched subsample of 229 schoolchildren who were not originally included in the sample completed the IFIS twice for reliability purposes. Results Our data suggest that both measured and self-reported overall physical fitness levels were inversely associated with percentage of body fat indicators and the cardiometabolic risk index score. Overall, schoolchildren who self-reported “good” or “very good” fitness had better measured fitness levels than those who reported “very poor/poor” fitness (all p < 0.001). The test-retest reliability of the IFIS items was also good, with an average weighted kappa of 0.811. Discussion Our findings suggest that self-reported fitness, as assessed by the IFIS, is a valid, reliable, and health-related measure. Furthermore, it can be a good alternative for future use in large studies with Latin schoolchildren from Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Sandra Milena Cruz-Salazar
- Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Myriam Martínez
- Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | | | - Jorge E Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucia, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Correa-Bautista JE, Lobelo F, Cadore EL, Alonso-Martinez AM, Izquierdo M. Vertical Jump and Leg Power Normative Data for Colombian Schoolchildren Aged 9-17.9 Years: The FUPRECOL Study. J Strength Cond Res 2017; 31:990-998. [PMID: 28328716 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ramírez-Vélez, R, Correa-Bautista, JE, Lobelo, F, Cadore, EL, Alonso-Martinez, AM, and Izquierdo, M. Vertical jump and leg power normative data for Colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 years: the FUPRECOL study. J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 990-998, 2017-The aims of the present study were to generate normative vertical jump height and predicted peak power (Ppeak) data for 9- to 17.9-year-olds and to investigate between-sex and age group differences in these measures. This was a cross-sectional study of 7,614 healthy schoolchildren (boys n = 3,258 and girls n = 4,356, mean [SD] age 12.8 [2.3] years). Each participant performed 2 countermovement jumps; jump height was calculated using a Takei 5414 Jump-DF Digital Vertical (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.). The highest jump was used for analysis and in the calculation of predicted Ppeak. Centile smoothed curves, percentiles, and tables for the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles were calculated using Cole's LMS (L [curve Box-Cox], M [curve median], and S [curve coefficient of variation]) method. The 2-way analysis of variance tests showed that maximum jump height (in centimeters) and predicted Ppeak (in watts) were higher in boys than in girls (p < 0.01). Post hoc analyses within sexes showed yearly increases in jump height and Ppeak in all ages. In boys, the maximum jump height and predicted Ppeak 50th percentile ranged from 24.0 to 38.0 cm and from 845.5 to 3061.6 W, respectively. In girls, the 50th percentile for jump height ranged from 22.3 to 27.0 cm, and the predicted Ppeak was 710.1-2036.4 W. For girls, jump height increased yearly from 9 to 17.9 years old. Our results provide, for the first time, sex- and age-specific vertical jump height and predicted Ppeak reference standards for Colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- 1Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rosario, Bogotá, DC, Colombia;2Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;3Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;4Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and5Faculty of Physical Culture, Sport and Recreation, Santo Tomás University, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
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Ferreira DV, Ferreira-Júnior JB, Soares SRS, Cadore EL, Izquierdo M, Brown LE, Bottaro M. Chest Press Exercises With Different Stability Requirements Result in Similar Muscle Damage Recovery in Resistance-Trained Men. J Strength Cond Res 2017; 31:71-79. [PMID: 27100318 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ferreira, DV, Ferreira-Júnior, JB, Soares, SRS, Cadore, EL, Izquierdo, M, Brown, LE, and Bottaro, M. Chest press exercises with different stability requirements result in similar muscle damage recovery in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 71-79, 2017-This study investigated the time course of 96 hours of muscle recovery after 3 different chest press exercises with different stability requirements in resistance-trained men. Twenty-seven men (23.5 ± 3.8 years) were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups: (a) Smith machine bench press; (b) barbell bench press; or (c) dumbbell bench press. Participants performed 8 sets of 10 repetition maximum with 2 minutes rest between sets. Muscle thickness, peak torque (PT), and soreness were measured pre, post, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after exercise. There were no differences in the time course of PT or muscle thickness values of the pectoralis major (p = 0.98 and p = 0.91, respectively) or elbow extensors (p = 0.07 and p = 0.86, respectively) between groups. Muscle soreness of the pectoralis major was also not different between groups (p > 0.05). However, the Smith machine and barbell groups recovered from triceps brachii muscle soreness by 72 hours after exercise (p > 0.05), whereas the dumbbell group did not present any triceps brachii muscle soreness after exercise (p > 0.05). In conclusion, resistance-trained men experience similar muscle damage recovery after Smith machine, barbell, and dumbbell chest press exercise. However, muscle soreness of the elbow extensors takes a longer time to recover after using a barbell chest press exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo V Ferreira
- 1College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; 2Federal Institute of Southeastern Minas Gerais, Campus Rio Pomba, Rio Pomba, Brazil; 3School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 4Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Campus of Tudela, Navarra, Spain; and 5Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, California
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Idoate F, Cadore EL, Casas-Herrero A, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Martínez-Velilla N, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Azcárate PM, Bottaro M, Ramírez-Vélez R, Izquierdo M. Noncoronary Vascular Calcification, Bone Mineral Density, and Muscle Mass in Institutionalized Frail Nonagenarians. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 20:298-308. [PMID: 28193134 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the vascular calcification in thoracic aorta (TAC), abdominal aorta (AAC), iliac arteries (IAC), and femoral arteries (FAC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae between frail and robust nonagenarians, as well as to verify the associations between vascular calcification with BMD, muscle tissue quality, and quantity in both groups. Forty-two elderly subjects participated in this study: 29 institutionalized frail (92.0 ± 3.2 years) and 13 robust (89.0 ± 4.0 years) elderly participants. All patients underwent nonenhanced helical thoracic, abdominal, and thigh computed tomography. The frail group presented significantly greater FAC as well as less lumbar BMD than the robust group (p < 0.05). In the frail group, significant negative relationships were observed between the individual values of FAC with the individual values of BMD (r = -0.35 to -0.43, p < 0.05) and with the individual values of the quadriceps muscle quantity and quality (r = -0.52, p < 0.01), whereas no significant relationships were observed in the robust group. The robust group presented less vascular calcification and more BMD in the vertebral bodies than the frail group. In the frail group, femoral artery calcification was significantly negatively correlated with BMD, leg muscle quality, and muscle mass volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Idoate
- 1 Department of Radiology, Clínica San Miguel , Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- 2 Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Casas-Herrero
- 3 Division of Geriatric Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra , CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315) Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi
- 4 Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre , CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Navarre, Spain
| | - Nicolas Martínez-Velilla
- 3 Division of Geriatric Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra , CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315) Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas
- 5 Division of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital of Getafe , CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00464), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Martim Bottaro
- 7 College of Physical Education, University of Brasília , Brasília, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- 8 Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- 4 Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre , CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Navarre, Spain
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Lima CD, Brown LE, Wong MA, Leyva WD, Pinto RS, Cadore EL, Ruas CV. Acute Effects of Static vs. Ballistic Stretching on Strength and Muscular Fatigue Between Ballet Dancers and Resistance-Trained Women. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 30:3220-3227. [PMID: 27548798 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lima, CD, Brown, LE, Wong, MA, Leyva, WD, Pinto, RS, Cadore, EL, and Ruas, CV. Acute effects of static vs. ballistic stretching on strength and muscular fatigue between ballet dancers and resistance-trained women. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3220-3227, 2016-Stretching is used to increase joint range of motion, but the acute effects can decrease muscle strength. However, this may depend on the population or mode of stretching. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of static vs. ballistic stretching on strength and muscular fatigue between ballet dancers and resistance-trained women. Fifteen resistance-trained women (age 23.8 ± 1.80 years, mass 67.47 ± 7.77 kg, height 168.30 ± 5.53 cm) and 12 ballet dancers (age 22.8 ± 3.04 years, mass 58.67 ± 5.65 kg, height 168.00 ± 7.69 cm) performed 5 days of testing. The first day was control (no stretching), whereas the other 4 days were static or ballistic stretching in a counterbalanced order. Range of motion, strength, and fatigue tests were also performed. Both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in hamstrings strength after static (102.71 ± 2.67 N·m) and ballistic stretching (99.49 ± 2.61 N·m) compared with control (113.059 ± 3.25 N·m), with no changes in quadriceps strength. For fatigue, only ballet dancers demonstrated a decrease from control (71.79 ± 4.88%) to ballistic (65.65 ± 8.19%), but no difference with static (65.01 ± 12.29%). These findings suggest that stretching decreases hamstrings strength similarly in ballet dancers and resistance-trained women, with no differences between modes of stretching. However, ballistic stretching only decreased muscular fatigue in ballet dancers, but not in resistance-trained women. Therefore, no stretching should be performed before strength performance. However, ballistic stretching may decrease acute muscular fatigue in ballet dancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila D Lima
- 1School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grand do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; and 2Human Performance Laboratory, Center for Sport Performance, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, California
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Assunção AR, Bottaro M, Ferreira-Junior JB, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL, Gentil P. The Chronic Effects of Low- and High-Intensity Resistance Training on Muscular Fitness in Adolescents. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160650. [PMID: 27509050 PMCID: PMC4979886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare the effects of high-load, low-repetition maximum (LRM) and low-load, high-repetition maximum (HRM) resistance training regimens on muscular fitness in untrained adolescents. Forty-five untrained adolescents of both sexes (13.7±0.8 years; 161.3±7.5 cm, 56.8±13.4 kg) were randomly assigned into one of three groups: 1) LRM (n = 17): volunteers performed three sets of 4-6-repetition maximum (RM); 2) HRM (n = 16): volunteers performed three sets of 12–15 RM; and 3) control (CON, n = 12). Training was performed two times a week for 9 weeks. After training, there were significant increases in 1 RM chest press (LRM = 14.8% and HRM = 14.2%, p<0.05) and squat (LRM = 26.4% and HRM = 25.7%, p<0.05), with no differences between the LRM and HRM groups (p>0.05). Additionally, muscular endurance increased significantly for the chest press (LRM = 14.5% and HRM = 21.8%, p<0.05) and squat test (LRM = 31.4% and HRM = 32.4%, p<0.05) following resistance training, with no difference between the LRM and HRM groups (p>0.05). These results suggest that both high-load, low-repetition and moderate-load, high-repetition resistance training can be prescribed to improve muscular fitness in untrained adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari R Assunção
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Martim Bottaro
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Tudela, Tudela, Navarre, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, PA, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education, Federal University of Goias, Gôiania, GO, Brazil
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Izquierdo M, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Casas-Herrero A, Martinez-Velilla N, Cadore EL, Sinclair AJ. Is It Ethical Not to Precribe Physical Activity for the Elderly Frail? J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:779-81. [PMID: 27477615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | | | - Nicolás Martinez-Velilla
- Department of Geriatrics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, and IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alan J Sinclair
- University of Aston & Diabetes Frail Ltd, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Schuch FB, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S, Richards J, Ward PB, Veronese N, Solmi M, Cadore EL, Stubbs B. Exercise for depression in older adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials adjusting for publication bias. Braz J Psychiatry 2016; 38:247-54. [PMID: 27611903 PMCID: PMC7194268 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antidepressant effects of exercise in older adults, using randomized controlled trial (RCT) data. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of exercise in older adults, addressing limitations of previous works. RCTs of exercise interventions in older people with depression (≥ 60 years) comparing exercise vs. control were eligible. A random-effects meta-analysis calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) (95% confidence interval [95%CI]), meta-regressions, and trim, fill, and fail-safe number analyses were conducted. RESULTS Eight RCTs were included, representing 138 participants in exercise arms and 129 controls. Exercise had a large and significant effect on depression (SMD = -0.90 [95%CI -0.29 to -1.51]), with a fail-safe number of 71 studies. Significant effects were found for 1) mixed aerobic and anaerobic interventions, 2) at moderate intensity, 3) that were group-based, 4) that utilized mixed supervised and unsupervised formats, and 5) in people without other clinical comorbidities. CONCLUSION Adjusting for publication bias increased the beneficial effects of exercise in three subgroup analysis, suggesting that previous meta-analyses have underestimated the benefits of exercise due to publication bias. We advocate that exercise be considered as a routine component of the management of depression in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe B. Schuch
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Z.org Leuven, University of Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Justin Richards
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip B. Ward
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Solmi
- ULSS 17 Mental Health Department, Department of Neurosciences, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Physiotherapy, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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