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Barrier J, Kim M, Kumar RK, Xin N, Kumaravadivel P, Hague L, Nguyen E, Berdyugin AI, Moulsdale C, Enaldiev VV, Prance JR, Koppens FHL, Gorbachev RV, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Glazman LI, Grigorieva IV, Fal'ko VI, Geim AK. One-dimensional proximity superconductivity in the quantum Hall regime. Nature 2024; 628:741-745. [PMID: 38658686 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Extensive efforts have been undertaken to combine superconductivity and the quantum Hall effect so that Cooper-pair transport between superconducting electrodes in Josephson junctions is mediated by one-dimensional edge states1-6. This interest has been motivated by prospects of finding new physics, including topologically protected quasiparticles7-9, but also extends into metrology and device applications10-13. So far it has proven challenging to achieve detectable supercurrents through quantum Hall conductors2,3,6. Here we show that domain walls in minimally twisted bilayer graphene14-18 support exceptionally robust proximity superconductivity in the quantum Hall regime, allowing Josephson junctions to operate in fields close to the upper critical field of superconducting electrodes. The critical current is found to be non-oscillatory and practically unchanging over the entire range of quantizing fields, with its value being limited by the quantum conductance of ballistic, strictly one-dimensional, electronic channels residing within the domain walls. The system described is unique in its ability to support Andreev bound states at quantizing fields and offers many interesting directions for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Barrier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Applied Physics, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, South Korea
| | - Roshan Krishna Kumar
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Na Xin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - P Kumaravadivel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lee Hague
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A I Berdyugin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christian Moulsdale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - V V Enaldiev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J R Prance
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - F H L Koppens
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R V Gorbachev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - K Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - L I Glazman
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - I V Grigorieva
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - V I Fal'ko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A K Geim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Nelson TS, Allen HN, Basu P, Prasoon P, Nguyen E, Arokiaraj CM, Santos DF, Seal RP, Ross SE, Todd AJ, Taylor BK. Alleviation of neuropathic pain with neuropeptide Y requires spinal Npy1r interneurons that coexpress Grp. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169554. [PMID: 37824208 PMCID: PMC10721324 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y targets the Y1 receptor (Y1) in the spinal dorsal horn (DH) to produce endogenous and exogenous analgesia. DH interneurons that express Y1 (Y1-INs; encoded by Npy1r) are necessary and sufficient for neuropathic hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury. However, as Y1-INs are heterogenous in composition in terms of morphology, neurophysiological characteristics, and gene expression, we hypothesized that a more precisely defined subpopulation mediates neuropathic hypersensitivity. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we found that Y1-INs segregate into 3 largely nonoverlapping subpopulations defined by the coexpression of Npy1r with gastrin-releasing peptide (Grp/Npy1r), neuropeptide FF (Npff/Npy1r), and cholecystokinin (Cck/Npy1r) in the superficial DH of mice, nonhuman primates, and humans. Next, we analyzed the functional significance of Grp/Npy1r, Npff/Npy1r, and Cck/Npy1r INs to neuropathic pain using a mouse model of peripheral nerve injury. We found that chemogenetic inhibition of Npff/Npy1r-INs did not change the behavioral signs of neuropathic pain. Further, inhibition of Y1-INs with an intrathecal Y1 agonist, [Leu31, Pro34]-NPY, reduced neuropathic hypersensitivity in mice with conditional deletion of Npy1r from CCK-INs and NPFF-INs but not from GRP-INs. We conclude that Grp/Npy1r-INs are conserved in higher order mammalian species and represent a promising and precise pharmacotherapeutic target for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S. Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
- Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse
- Center for Neuroscience
| | - Heather N. Allen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
- Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
| | - Paramita Basu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
- Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
| | - Pranav Prasoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
- Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Center for Neuroscience
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Arokiaraj
- Center for Neuroscience
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diogo F.S. Santos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
- Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
| | - Rebecca P. Seal
- Center for Neuroscience
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah E. Ross
- Center for Neuroscience
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J. Todd
- Spinal Cord Group, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley K. Taylor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
- Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse
- Center for Neuroscience
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Nguyen E, Bennett R, MacDonald C, Wang A, Liu W. High Resolution Imaging with Focused kV X-Rays for Small Animal Radio-Neuromodulation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e690-e691. [PMID: 37786029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) High precision radiotherapy for small animal radio-neuromodulation requires conformal treatment to very small targets down to 2.5 mm. A focused kV technique based on novel usage of polycapillary x-ray lenses can focus x-ray beams to <0.2 mm in diameter, which is ideal for such uses. Such application also requires high resolution CT images for treatment planning and setup, which was hard to achieve using conventional x-ray tube. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of using a virtual focal spot generated with an x-ray lens to perform high-resolution CBCT acquisition. MATERIALS/METHODS The experiment with x-ray lens was set up on an x-ray tabletop system to generate a virtual focal spot. A pinhole image was acquired for the virtual focal spot and compared with the one acquired with the conventional focal spot without the lens. The planar imaging resolution with and without the lens were evaluated using a line pair resolution phantom. The spatial resolution of the two settings were estimated by reconstructing a 0.15-mm wire phantom and comparing its full width half maximum (FWHM). A CBCT scan of a rodent head was also acquired to further demonstrate the improved resolution using the x-ray lens. RESULTS Compared to conventional imaging acquisition with a measured x-ray focal spot of 0.395 mm FWHM, the virtual focal spot size was measured at 0.175 mm. The reduction in focal spot size with lens leads to an almost doubled planar imaging resolution and a 26% enhancement in 3D spatial resolution. A realistic CBCT acquisition of a rodent head mimicked the imaging acquisition step for radio-neuromodulation and further showed the improved visualization for fine structures. CONCLUSION This work demonstrated that the focused kV x-ray technique was capable of generating small focal spot size of <0.2 mm. The proposed method provides an adaptive imaging platform to acquire x-ray and CBCT images for treatment planning and setup with improved spatial resolution compared to conventional CBCT image acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - R Bennett
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - C MacDonald
- Department of Physics, SUNY - Albany, Albany, NY
| | - A Wang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - W Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Nguyen E, Chiang MC, Nguyen C, Ross SE. Brainstem Modulation of Nociception by Periaqueductal Gray Neurons Expressing the μ-Opioid Receptor in Mice. Anesthesiology 2023; 139:462-475. [PMID: 37364291 PMCID: PMC10870981 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacologic manipulations directed at the periaqueductal gray have demonstrated the importance of the μ-opioid receptor in modulating reflexive responses to nociception. The authors hypothesized that a supraspinal pathway centered on neurons in the periaqueductal gray containing the μ-opioid receptor could modulate nociceptive and itch behaviors. METHODS The study used anatomical, optogenetic, and chemogenetic approaches in male and female mice to manipulate μ-opioid receptor neurons in the periaqueductal gray. Behavioral assays including von Frey, Hargreaves, cold plantar, chloroquine-induced itch, hotplate, formalin-induced injury, capsaicin-induced injury, and open field tests were used. In separate experiments, naloxone was administered in a postsurgical model of latent sensitization. RESULTS Activation of μ-opioid receptor neurons in the periaqueductal gray increased jumping (least-squares mean difference of -3.30 s; 95% CI, -6.17 to -0.44; P = 0.023; n = 7 or 8 mice per group), reduced itch responses (least-squares mean difference of 70 scratching bouts; 95% CI, 35 to 105; P < 0.001; n = 8 mice), and elicited modestly antinociceptive effects (least-squares mean difference of -0.7 g on mechanical and -10.24 s on thermal testing; 95% CI, -1.3 to -0.2 and 95% CI, -13.77 to -6.70, and P = 0.005 and P < 0.001, respectively; n = 8 mice). Last, the study uncovered the role of the periaqueductal gray in suppressing hyperalgesia after a postsurgical state of latent sensitization (least-squares mean difference comparing saline and naloxone of -12 jumps; 95% CI, -17 to -7; P < 0.001 for controls; and -2 jumps; 95% CI, -7 to 4; P = 0.706 after optogenetic stimulation; n = 7 to 9 mice per group). CONCLUSIONS μ-Opioid receptor neurons in the periaqueductal gray modulate distinct nocifensive behaviors: their activation reduced responses to mechanical and thermal testing, and attenuated scratching behaviors, but facilitated escape responses. The findings emphasize the role of the periaqueductal gray in the behavioral expression of nociception using reflexive and noxious paradigms. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Nguyen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Anesthesiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C. Chiang
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Nguyen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Ross
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Ibarra AJ, Roman K, Nguyen E, Yates ME, Nicholas A, Lim G. Translational research updates in female health anesthesiology: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med 2023; 11:357. [PMID: 37675293 PMCID: PMC10477624 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective Females represent 49.6% of the global population and constitute a significant proportion of surgical patients and hospital admissions. Little is known about the bi-directional effects of sex and anesthetics or the impact of anesthetic interventions on long-term female health outcomes. Sex differences in pain pathways can influence pain experience and treatment effectiveness. The impact of anesthetic management on the recurrence of breast cancer is poorly understood, as are the long-term consequences of cardiovascular disease and safe and effective treatments in pregnancy. This review aims to outline recent advances in translational science in female health anesthesiology research and highlight critical research opportunities in pain, cancer outcomes, and cardiovascular disorders. Methods We searched PubMed and summarized relevant articles published in English between December 2021 and June 2022. Key Content and Findings Studies reveal sex differences in pain pathways and highlight the importance of sex as a biological variable in experimental designs and translational medicine. Sex differences have also been observed in side effects attributed to opioid analgesics. We summarize some of the neural circuits that might underlie these differences. In the perioperative setting, specific anesthetics are implicated in metastatic seeding potential and acute and chronic pain outcomes, suggesting the importance of anesthetic selection in comprehensive care during oncologic surgery. In the peridelivery setting, preeclampsia, a cardiovascular disorder of pregnancy, affects maternal outcomes; however, biomarkers can risk-stratify females at risk for preeclampsia and hold promise for identifying the risk of adverse neurological and other health outcomes. Conclusions Research that builds diagnostic and predictive tools in pain and cardiovascular disease will help anesthesiologists minimize sex-related risks and side effects associated with anesthetics and peri-hospital treatments. Sex-specific anesthesia care will improve outcomes, as will the provision of practical information to patients and clinicians about the effectiveness of therapies and behavioral interventions. However, more research studies and specific analytic plans are needed to continue addressing sex-based outcomes in anesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Ibarra
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Obstetric & Women’s Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenny Roman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Obstetric & Women’s Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Megan E. Yates
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra Nicholas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Obstetric & Women’s Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Grace Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Obstetric & Women’s Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Nguyen E, Grajales-Reyes JG, Gereau RW, Ross SE. Cell type-specific dissection of sensory pathways involved in descending modulation. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:539-550. [PMID: 37164868 PMCID: PMC10836406 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research have suggested that stimulation of supraspinal structures, such as the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), inhibits nocifensive responses to noxious stimulation through a process known as descending modulation. Electrical stimulation and pharmacologic manipulations of the PAG and RVM identified transmitters and neuronal firing patterns that represented distinct cell types. Advances in mouse genetics, in vivo imaging, and circuit tracing methods, in addition to chemogenetic and optogenetic approaches, allowed the characterization of the cells and circuits involved in descending modulation in further detail. Recent work has revealed the importance of PAG and RVM neuronal cell types in the descending modulation of pruriceptive as well as nociceptive behaviors, underscoring their roles in coordinating complex behavioral responses to sensory input. This review summarizes how new technical advances that enable cell type-specific manipulation and recording of neuronal activity have supported, as well as expanded, long-standing views on descending modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jose G Grajales-Reyes
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert W Gereau
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sarah E Ross
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Devriese H, Nguyen E, Husemann M. An identification key to the genera and species of Afrotropical Tetrigini (genera Paratettix, Leptacrydium, Hedotettix, Rectitettix nov. gen., and Alienitettix nov.gen.) with general remarks on the taxonomy of Tetrigini (Orthoptera, Tetrigidae). Zootaxa 2023; 5285:511-556. [PMID: 37518693 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5285.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The Afrotropical species hitherto considered to belong to the genera Paratettix Bolivar, 1887, Leptacrydium Chopard, 1950 and Hedotettix Bolivar, 1887 are reviewed, and two new genera, Alienitettix nov. gen. and Rectitettix nov. gen., are established. Four new species are described: Alienitettix usambarensis nov. sp., Leptacrydium femurcrassum nov. sp., Leptacrydium rhombeum nov. sp. and Rectitettix burri nov. sp. Several new combinations are created: Alienitettix gilloni (Günther, 1979) nov. comb. for Paratettix gilloni, Alienitettix villiersi (Günther, 1979) nov. comb. for Paratettix villiersi, Hippodes abidjanensis (Günther, 1979) nov. comb. for Coptotettix abidjanensis, Leptacrydium nanum (Bruner, 1910) nov. comb. for Tetrix nanus and Paratettix royi (Günther, 1979) nov. comb. for Leptacrydium royi. Paratettix angustivertex Bolivar, 1908 is resurrected. It is discussed whether the North American Tetrix arenosa (Burmeister, 1838) belongs to Tetrix and Tetrigini. The following synonyms are established: Coptotettix annulipes Karsch, 1890 nov. syn. and C. convexus Hancock, 1910 nov. syn. = C. rufipes Bolivar, 1887; Paratettix asbenensis Chopard, 1950 nov. syn. = P. pallipes (Walker, 1871); Telmatettix burri Hancock, 1900 nov.syn. and Paratettix macrostenus Günther, 1979 nov. syn. = Paratettix subpustulatus (Walker, 1871); Paratettix chopardi Günther, 1979 nov. syn. = P. africanus Bolivar, 1908; Paratettix marshalli Hancock, 1908 nov. syn. = Paratettix scaber (Thunberg, 1815); Paratettix obtusipulvillus Günther, 1979 nov. syn. = Paratettix spretus Günther, 1979; and Tettix waelboecki Bolivar, 1908 nov. syn. = Leptacrydium gratiosum (Karsch, 1893). Identification keys for all species and pictures of the majority of species are presented. New country records are given. New definitions of the pronotal forms in Tetrigidae are established based on their relationship to the fore (elytra) and hind wings (alae), with a new form, the pauropronotal, being introduced for the form where the fully functional hind wings are clearly longer than the pronotum; the new form is apomorphous for the Afrotropical Tetrigini. A provisional diagnosis for the (Afrotropical) Tetrigini is given. Coptotettix Bolivar, 1887 is removed from the Tetrigini and placed near Thoradontini and Criotettigini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Devriese
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Rue Vautier 31; 1040 Brussels; Belgium.
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Leibniz Institut zur Analyse des Biodiversitätswandels; ztm; Museum der Natur; Zoologisches Museum Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3; 20146 Hamburg; Germany.
| | - Martin Husemann
- Leibniz Institut zur Analyse des Biodiversitätswandels; ztm; Museum der Natur; Zoologisches Museum Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3; 20146 Hamburg; Germany.
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Bleimeister IH, Nguyen E, Ross SE. Role Of Amygdalar Mu And Kappa Opioid Receptor Signaling In Pain Affect. The Journal of Pain 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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Smith KM, Nguyen E, Ross SE. The Delta-Opioid Receptor Bidirectionally Modulates Itch. J Pain 2023; 24:264-272. [PMID: 36464136 PMCID: PMC10866011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Opioid signaling has been shown to be critically important in the neuromodulation of sensory circuits in the superficial spinal cord. Agonists of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) elicit itch, whereas agonists of the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) have been shown to inhibit itch. Despite the clear roles of MOR and KOR for the modulation itch, whether the delta-opioid receptor (DOR) is involved in the regulation of itch remained unknown. Here, we show that intrathecal administration of DOR agonists suppresses chemical itch and that intrathecal application of DOR antagonists is sufficient to evoke itch. We identify that spinal enkephalin neurons co-express neuropeptide Y (NPY), a peptide previously implicated in the inhibition of itch. In the spinal cord, DOR overlapped with both the NPY receptor (NPY1R) and KOR, suggesting that DOR neurons represent a site for convergent itch information in the dorsal horn. Lastly, we found that neurons co-expressing DOR and KOR showed significant Fos induction following pruritogen-evoked itch. These results uncover a role for DOR in the modulation of itch in the superficial dorsal horn. PERSPECTIVE: This article reveals the role of the delta-opioid receptor in itch. Intrathecal administration of delta agonists suppresses itch whereas the administration of delta antagonists is sufficient to induce itch. These studies highlight the importance of delta-opioid signaling for the modulation of itch behaviors, which may represent new targets for the management of itch disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Smith
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah E Ross
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Rosenfeld M, Nguyen E, Fogarty B, Berlinski A, Sawicki G, Hartzler A. 182 A qualitative needs assessment of people with cystic fibrosis and research coordinators to inform future clinical trials incorporating home spirometry as an endpoint. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Figueroa S, Joshee S, Wybrecht A, Yco M, DiMassa V, Kelley E, Nguyen E, Bain K, Eckert K. Implementation of a Culinary Medicine Curriculum to Increase Confidence and Competency Among Preclinical Medical Students. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.06.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Follansbee T, Domocos D, Nguyen E, Nguyen A, Bountouvas A, Velasquez L, Iodi Carstens M, Takanami K, Ross SE, Carstens E. Inhibition of itch by neurokinin 1 receptor (Tacr1) -expressing ON cells in the rostral ventromedial medulla in mice. eLife 2022; 11:69626. [PMID: 35972457 PMCID: PMC9381038 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) is important in descending modulation of spinal nociceptive transmission, but it is unclear if the RVM also modulates spinal pruriceptive transmission. RVM ON cells are activated by noxious algesic and pruritic stimuli and are pronociceptive. Many RVM-spinal projection neurons express the neurokinin-1 receptor (Tacr1), and ON-cells are excited by local administration of substance P (SP). We hypothesized that Tacr1-expressing RVM ON cells exert an inhibitory effect on itch opposite to their pronociceptive action. Intramedullary microinjection of SP significantly potentiated RVM ON cells and reduced pruritogen-evoked scratching while producing mild mechanical sensitization. Chemogenetic activation of RVM Tacr1-expressing RVM neurons also reduced acute pruritogen-evoked scratching. Optotagging experiments confirmed RVM Tacr1-expressing neurons to be ON cells. We conclude that Tacr1-expressing ON cells in RVM play a significant role in the modulation of pruriceptive transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Follansbee
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Dan Domocos
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Amanda Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Aristea Bountouvas
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Lauren Velasquez
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Mirela Iodi Carstens
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Keiko Takanami
- Department of Environmental Life Science, National Nara Women University, Nara, Japan
| | - Sarah E Ross
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Earl Carstens
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
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13
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Nguyen E, Smith KM, Cramer N, Holland RA, Bleimeister IH, Flores-Felix K, Silberberg H, Keller A, Le Pichon CE, Ross SE. Medullary kappa-opioid receptor neurons inhibit pain and itch through a descending circuit. Brain 2022; 145:2586-2601. [PMID: 35598161 PMCID: PMC9612802 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In perilous and stressful situations, the ability to suppress pain can be critical for survival. The rostral ventromedial medulla contains neurons that robustly inhibit nocioception at the level of the spinal cord through a top-down modulatory pathway. Although much is known about the role of the rostral ventromedial medulla in the inhibition of pain, the precise ability to directly manipulate pain-inhibitory neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla has never been achieved. We now expose a cellular circuit that inhibits nocioception and itch in mice. Through a combination of molecular, tracing and behavioural approaches, we found that rostral ventromedial medulla neurons containing the kappa-opioid receptor inhibit itch and nocioception. With chemogenetic inhibition, we uncovered that these neurons are required for stress-induced analgesia. Using intersectional chemogenetic and pharmacological approaches, we determined that rostral ventromedial medulla kappa-opioid receptor neurons inhibit nocioception and itch through a descending circuit. Lastly, we identified a dynorphinergic pathway arising from the periaqueductal grey that modulates nociception within the rostral ventromedial medulla. These discoveries highlight a distinct population of rostral ventromedial medulla neurons capable of broadly and robustly inhibiting itch and nocioception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kelly M Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nathan Cramer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ruby A Holland
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Isabel H Bleimeister
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Krystal Flores-Felix
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hanna Silberberg
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Asaf Keller
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Claire E Le Pichon
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sarah E Ross
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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14
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Nguyen E, Poli R, Sklodowski K, Dozio V, Lanzós A, Beeler K, Romano E. 20P Identifying novel biomarkers with deep proteomics profiling and survival analysis in NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1-blockade. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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15
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Ng Y, Nguyen E, Bei B, Hamilton G, Rajaratnam S, Ou C, Mansfield D. P103 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep of patients of a multidisciplinary sleep clinic. SLEEP Advances 2021. [PMCID: PMC8500137 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab014.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep of adult patients of a multidisciplinary sleep clinic.
Methods
Patients were invited to complete online surveys: Survey 1 in October 2020 (increased COVID-19 restrictions) followed by Survey 2 in February 2021 (after easing of restrictions for a COVIDSafe summer).
Results
Of the 746 patients invited to participate, 73 completed and 8 partially returned Survey 1 (mean age 50.1 years, range 21–83 years, 58% female). Subsequently, 46 completed and 5 partially answered Survey 2. In Survey 1, 22/74 (29.7%) reported reduced sleep quantity and 31/75 (41.3%) indicated worse sleep quality compared with prior to the pandemic. In Survey 2, 33/46 (71.7%) described unchanged sleep quantity whilst 5/46 (10.9%) reported increased sleep quantity since easing COVID-19 restrictions. 36/46 (78.3%) indicated unchanged sleep quality whereas 5/46 (10.9%) described improved sleep quality since easing restrictions. However, 9/46 (19.6%) reported that their sleep remained worse compared with pre-pandemic. For patients who completed both surveys, there was no significant change in Insomnia Severity Index scores (Survey 1 mean 13.6, Survey 2 mean 12.9, mean difference -0.67 [95%CI -2.02, 0.68], p=0.32) or PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment 8a T-scores (Survey 1 mean 59.0, Survey 2 mean 59.5, mean difference 0.44 [95%CI -1.55, 2.42], p=0.66).
Discussion
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the sleep of 44% of patients. Following easing of restrictions, symptoms of insomnia and sleep-related impairment did not change significantly, and 19.6% reported that their sleep was not back to their pre-pandemic baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ng
- Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
| | - E Nguyen
- Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - B Bei
- Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - G Hamilton
- Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - C Ou
- Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - D Mansfield
- Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
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16
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Chand S, Rrapi R, Gabel C, Nguyen E, Ko L, Dobry A, Garza-Mayers A, Shah R, St. John J, Strazzula L, Kroshinsky D. LB780 Risk factors predicting Cellulitis diagnosis in a prospective cohort undergoing dermatology consultation in the Emergency Department. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Chand S, Rrapi R, Gabel C, Nguyen E, Dobry A, Garza-Mayers A, Ko L, Shah R, St. John J, Strazzula L, Nigwekar S, Kroshinsky D. LB779 Comparison of outcomes for intravenous and intralesional administration of sodium thiosulfate for treatment of Calciphylaxis. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Chand S, Rrapi R, Lam J, Chakrala T, Yi Z, Song S, Nguyen E, Kroshinsky D. 310 Risk factors associated with detection of cutaneous abscess on ultrasonography in patients with cellulitis. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Pérol M, Filleron T, Quantin X, Chouaid C, Valette CA, Lena H, Kaderbhai C, Fabre C, Santorelli M, Bensimon L, Burke T, Couch D, Nguyen E, Courtinard C. 109P Real-world evaluation of pembrolizumab monotherapy for PD-L1 positive (TPS>50%) metastatic NSCLC in France. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(21)01951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Nguyen E, Lim G, Ding H, Hachisuka J, Ko MC, Ross SE. Morphine acts on spinal dynorphin neurons to cause itch through disinhibition. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/579/eabc3774. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc3774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Morphine-induced itch is a very common and debilitating side effect that occurs in laboring women who receive epidural analgesia and in patients who receive spinal morphine for relief of perioperative pain. Although antihistamines are still widely prescribed for the treatment of morphine-induced itch, their use is controversial because the cellular basis for morphine-induced itch remains unclear. Here, we used animal models and show that neuraxial morphine causes itch through neurons and not mast cells. In particular, we found that spinal dynorphin (Pdyn) neurons are both necessary and sufficient for morphine-induced itch in mice. Agonism of the kappa-opioid receptor alleviated morphine-induced itch in mice and nonhuman primates. Thus, our findings not only reveal that morphine causes itch through a mechanism of disinhibition but also challenge the long-standing use of antihistamines, thereby informing the treatment of millions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Grace Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Huiping Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Junichi Hachisuka
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mei-Chuan Ko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Sarah E. Ross
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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21
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Parmhans N, Fuller AD, Nguyen E, Chuang K, Swygart D, Wienbar SR, Lin T, Kozmik Z, Dong L, Schwartz GW, Badea TC. Identification of retinal ganglion cell types and brain nuclei expressing the transcription factor Brn3c/Pou4f3 using a Cre recombinase knock-in allele. J Comp Neurol 2020; 529:1926-1953. [PMID: 33135183 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Members of the POU4F/Brn3 transcription factor family have an established role in the development of retinal ganglion cell (RGCs) types, the main transducers of visual information from the mammalian eye to the brain. Our previous work using sparse random recombination of a conditional knock-in reporter allele expressing alkaline phosphatase (AP) and intersectional genetics had identified three types of Brn3c positive (Brn3c+ ) RGCs. Here, we describe a novel Brn3cCre mouse allele generated by serial Dre to Cre recombination and use it to explore the expression overlap of Brn3c with Brn3a and Brn3b and the dendritic arbor morphologies and visual stimulus response properties of Brn3c+ RGC types. Furthermore, we explore brain nuclei that express Brn3c or receive input from Brn3c+ neurons. Our analysis reveals a much larger number of Brn3c+ RGCs and more diverse set of RGC types than previously reported. Most RGCs expressing Brn3c during development are still Brn3c positive in the adult, and all express Brn3a while only about half express Brn3b. Genetic Brn3c-Brn3b intersection reveals an area of increased RGC density, extending from dorsotemporal to ventrolateral across the retina and overlapping with the mouse binocular field of view. In addition, we report a Brn3c+ RGC projection to the thalamic reticular nucleus, a visual nucleus that was not previously shown to receive retinal input. Furthermore, Brn3c+ neurons highlight a previously unknown subdivision of the deep mesencephalic nucleus. Thus, our newly generated allele provides novel biological insights into RGC type classification, brain connectivity, and cytoarchitectonic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Parmhans
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anne Drury Fuller
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Chuang
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David Swygart
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sophia Rose Wienbar
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tyger Lin
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zbynek Kozmik
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lijin Dong
- Genetic Engineering Facility, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory William Schwartz
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tudor Constantin Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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22
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Jia J, Nguyen E, Ravilla A, Sakioka J, Rosenthal E, Gulati M, Lekht I. Abstract No. 646 Natural history of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: long-term analysis of survival and protective factors. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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23
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Nguyen E, Kroshinsky D. 626 Assessing the incidence of skin and soft tissue infection in patients on biologics. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Mejia R, Summers K, Cox T, Nguyen E, Sparks A, Van Voorhis B. Effect of body weight on early hormone levels in singleton pregnancies resulting in delivery following in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Wlaschin JJ, Gluski JM, Nguyen E, Silberberg H, Thompson JH, Chesler AT, Le Pichon CE. Dual leucine zipper kinase is required for mechanical allodynia and microgliosis after nerve injury. eLife 2018; 7:33910. [PMID: 29968565 PMCID: PMC6029846 DOI: 10.7554/elife.33910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain resulting from nerve injury can become persistent and difficult to treat but the molecular signaling responsible for its development remains poorly described. Here, we identify the neuronal stress sensor dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK; Map3k12) as a key molecule controlling the maladaptive pathways that lead to pain following injury. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of DLK reduces mechanical hypersensitivity in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Furthermore, DLK inhibition also prevents the spinal cord microgliosis that results from nerve injury and arises distant from the injury site. These striking phenotypes result from the control by DLK of a transcriptional program in somatosensory neurons regulating the expression of numerous genes implicated in pain pathogenesis, including the immune gene Csf1. Thus, activation of DLK is an early event, or even the master regulator, controlling a wide variety of pathways downstream of nerve injury that ultimately lead to chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josette J Wlaschin
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Jacob M Gluski
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Hanna Silberberg
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - James H Thompson
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Claire E Le Pichon
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
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26
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Nguyen E, Lemieux V, Udell J, Hanneman K, Bhatia S, Ivers N, Harvey P. Reducing Over Investigation of Women with Stable Chest Pain at Low/Intermediate Risk for Coronary Artery Disease: The Rationale for the RESOLVE Trial. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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27
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Bautista J, Phung S, Nguyen I, Nguyen E, Der D, Vatakencherry G, Lam C. 3:50 PM Abstract No. 395 Comparison of alcohol ablation and radiofrequency ablation for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective analysis of long-term overall and disease-free survival. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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28
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Nguyen E, Caranfa JT, Lyman GH, Kuderer NM, Stirbis C, Wysocki M, Coleman CI, Weeda ER, Kohn CG. Clinical prediction rules for mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism and cancer to guide outpatient management: a meta-analysis. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:279-292. [PMID: 29215781 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Clinical prediction rules (CPRs) can stratify patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) and cancer. A meta-analysis was done to assess prognostic accuracy in CPRs for mortality in these patients. Eight studies evaluating ten CPRs were included in this study. CPRs should continue to be used with other patient factors for mortality risk stratification. SUMMARY Background Cancer treatment is commonly complicated by pulmonary embolism (PE), which remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Some guidelines recommend the use of clinical prediction rules (CPRs) to help clinicians identify patients at low risk of mortality and therefore guide care. Objective To determine and compare the accuracy of available CPRs for identifying cancer patients with PE at low risk of mortality. Methods A literature search of Medline and Scopus (January 2000 to August 2017) was performed. Studies deriving/validating ≥ 1 CPR for early post-PE all-cause mortality were included. A bivariate, random-effects model was used to pool sensitivity and specificity estimates for each CPR. Traditional random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the weighted proportion of patients deemed at low risk of early mortality, mortality in low risk patients and odds ratios for death compared with higher-risk patients. Results Eight studies evaluating 10 CPRs were included. The highest sensitivities were observed with Hestia (98.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 75.6-99.9%) and the EPIPHANY index (97.4%, 95% CI = 93.2-99.0%); sensitivities of remaining rules ranged from 59.9 to 96.6%. Of the six CPRs with sensitivities ≥ 95%, none had specificities > 33%. Random-effects meta-analysis suggested that 6.6-51.6% of cancer patients with PE were at low risk of mortality, 0-14.3% of low-risk patients died and low-risk patients had a 43-94% lower odds of death compared with those at higher risk. Conclusions Because of the limited total body of evidence regarding CPRs, their results, in conjunction with other pertinent patient-specific clinical factors, should continue to be used in identifying appropriate management for PE in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nguyen
- Idaho State University College of Pharmacy, Meridian, ID, USA
| | - J T Caranfa
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - G H Lyman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - N M Kuderer
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Stirbis
- University of Saint Joseph School of Pharmacy, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - M Wysocki
- University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - C I Coleman
- University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
- UConn/Hartford Hospital Evidence-based Practice Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - E R Weeda
- Medical University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - C G Kohn
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- UConn/Hartford Hospital Evidence-based Practice Center, Hartford, CT, USA
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29
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Ta C, He L, Nguyen E, De Kaspar HM. Prospective Randomized Study Determining Whether a 3-Day Application of Ofloxacin Results in the Selection of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/112067210601600301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.N. Ta
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA - USA
| | - L. He
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA - USA
| | - E. Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA - USA
| | - H. Miño De Kaspar
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA - USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich - Germany
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30
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Meenakshi-Sundaram B, Furr JR, Malm-Buatsi E, Boklage B, Nguyen E, Frimberger D, Palmer BW. Reduction in surgical fog with a warm humidified gas management protocol significantly shortens procedure time in pediatric robot-assisted laparoscopic procedures. J Pediatr Urol 2017; 13:489.e1-489.e5. [PMID: 28284732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The adoption of robot-assisted laparoscopic (RAL) procedures in the field of urology has occurred rapidly, but is, to date, without pediatric-specific instrumentation. Surgical fog is a significant barrier to safe and efficient laparoscopy. This appears to be a significant challenge when adapting three-dimensional 8.5-mm scopes to use in pediatric RAL surgery. The objective of the present study was to compare matched controls from a prospectively collected database to procedures that were performed utilizing special equipment and a protocol to minimize surgical fog in pediatric RAL procedures. METHODS A prospectively collected database of all patients who underwent RAL pediatric urology procedures was used to compare: procedure, age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, weight, console time, number of times the camera was removed to clean the lens during a procedure, length of hospital stay, and morphine equivalents required in the postoperative period. A uniquely developed protocol was used, it consisted of humidified (95% relative humidity) and warmed CO2 gas (95 °F) insufflation via Insuflow® on a working trocar, with active smoke evacuation via PneuVIEW®XE on the opposite working trocar with a gas pass through of 3.5-5 l/min. The outcomes were compared with matched controls (Summary Fig). RESULTS The novel gas protocol was utilized in 13 procedures (five pyeloplasties, two revision pyeloplasties, three ureteroureterostomies (UU), three nephrectomies) and compared with 13 procedures (six pyeloplasties, one revision pyeloplasty, three UU, three nephrectomies) prior to the protocol development. There was no statistical difference in age (P = 0.78), sex (P = 0.11), ASA score (P = 1.00) or weight (P = 0.69). There were no open conversions, ≥Grade 2 Clavien complications, or readmissions within 30 days in either group. CONCLUSIONS This novel gas protocol yielded a statistically significant reduction in procedure time, by decreasing the number of times the camera was required to be pulled during the case by more than five occurrences, and saved approximately 35 min on average per case.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Meenakshi-Sundaram
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital at OU Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - J R Furr
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital at OU Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - E Malm-Buatsi
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital at OU Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - B Boklage
- Product Development, Lexion Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - E Nguyen
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital at OU Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - D Frimberger
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital at OU Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - B W Palmer
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital at OU Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Nguyen E, Sobieraj DM. The impact of appointment-based medication synchronization on medication taking behaviour and health outcomes: A systematic review. J Clin Pharm Ther 2017; 42:404-413. [PMID: 28485006 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Proactive synchronization of medication refills through an appointment-based model (ABM) is a community pharmacy-based intervention targeting adherence to medications. We aimed to systematically review evidence on the impact of the ABM on medication taking behaviour, health resource utilization, clinical outcomes and the preferences of patients and providers. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE and Scopus from database inception through 6 February 2017. Studies were included if they were original investigations evaluating the impact of the ABM on at least one outcome of interest and published in the peer-reviewed literature as a full-text manuscript in the English language. Outcomes included medication taking behaviour, clinical and economic outcomes, health resource utilization, and patient or provider satisfaction. Data were synthesized qualitatively. RESULTS Five studies, mostly observational in design and with low risk of bias, were included. Objective measures of medication taking behaviour were consistently improved in patients enrolled in an ABM vs control, indicating an association between appointment-based medication synchronization with improved adherence and decreased likelihood of non-persistence. A single decision analysis indicates a cost savings over 1 year associated with the appointment-based medication synchronization programme modelled, for hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Limited data regarding health resource utilization and clinical outcomes and patient or provider satisfaction exist and are currently inconclusive. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION The ABM provides a unique, patient-centred service to improve medication adherence amongst patients taking chronic medications while demonstrating a positive financial return on investment. Future research is needed to determine the impact of the ABM on final health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nguyen
- University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - D M Sobieraj
- University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
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Weedin E, Javadian P, Nguyen E, Ketch C, Bhattacharya R, Wild R, Hansen K, Quaas A. Angiogenic profiles in in-vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) treatments: relationship to hypertensive complications in IVF-conceived pregnancies. Fertil Steril 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Matynia A, Nguyen E, Sun X, Blixt FW, Parikh S, Kessler J, Pérez de Sevilla Müller L, Habib S, Kim P, Wang ZZ, Rodriguez A, Charles A, Nusinowitz S, Edvinsson L, Barnes S, Brecha NC, Gorin MB. Peripheral Sensory Neurons Expressing Melanopsin Respond to Light. Front Neural Circuits 2016; 10:60. [PMID: 27559310 PMCID: PMC4978714 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of light to cause pain is paradoxical. The retina detects light but is devoid of nociceptors while the trigeminal sensory ganglia (TG) contain nociceptors but not photoreceptors. Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are thought to mediate light-induced pain but recent evidence raises the possibility of an alternative light responsive pathway independent of the retina and optic nerve. Here, we show that melanopsin is expressed in both human and mouse TG neurons. In mice, they represent 3% of small TG neurons that are preferentially localized in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and are likely nociceptive C fibers and high-threshold mechanoreceptor Aδ fibers based on a strong size-function association. These isolated neurons respond to blue light stimuli with a delayed onset and sustained firing, similar to the melanopsin-dependent intrinsic photosensitivity observed in ipRGCs. Mice with severe bilateral optic nerve crush exhibit no light-induced responses including behavioral light aversion until treated with nitroglycerin, an inducer of migraine in people and migraine-like symptoms in mice. With nitroglycerin, these same mice with optic nerve crush exhibit significant light aversion. Furthermore, this retained light aversion remains dependent on melanopsin-expressing neurons. Our results demonstrate a novel light-responsive neural function independent of the optic nerve that may originate in the peripheral nervous system to provide the first direct mechanism for an alternative light detection pathway that influences motivated behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Matynia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank W Blixt
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Lund, Sweden
| | - Sachin Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason Kessler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Samer Habib
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhe Z Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Allen Rodriguez
- Department of Neurobiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Charles
- Brain Research Institute, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven Nusinowitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Lund, Sweden
| | - Steven Barnes
- Department of Neurobiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Departments of Physiology & Biophysics and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie UniversityHalifax, NS, Canada
| | - Nicholas C Brecha
- Brain Research Institute, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Health SystemLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael B Gorin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA
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Condro MC, Matynia A, Foster NN, Ago Y, Rajbhandari AK, Van C, Jayaram B, Parikh S, Diep AL, Nguyen E, May V, Dong HW, Waschek JA. High-resolution characterization of a PACAP-EGFP transgenic mouse model for mapping PACAP-expressing neurons. J Comp Neurol 2016; 524:3827-3848. [PMID: 27197019 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP, gene name Adcyap1) regulates a wide variety of neurological and physiological functions, including metabolism and cognition, and plays roles in of multiple forms of stress. Because of its preferential expression in nerve fibers, it has often been difficult to trace and identify the endogenous sources of the peptide in specific populations of neurons. Here, we introduce a transgenic mouse line that harbors in its genome a bacterial artificial chromosome containing an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression cassette inserted upstream of the PACAP ATG translation initiation codon. Analysis of expression in brain sections of these mice using a GFP antibody reveals EGFP expression in distinct neuronal perikarya and dendritic arbors in several major brain regions previously reported to express PACAP from using a variety of approaches, including radioimmunoassay, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry with and without colchicine. EGFP expression in neuronal perikarya was modulated in a manner similar to PACAP gene expression in motor neurons after peripheral axotomy in the ipsilateral facial motor nucleus in the brainstem, providing an example in which the transgene undergoes proper regulation in vivo. These mice and the high-resolution map obtained are expected to be useful in understanding the anatomical patterns of PACAP expression and its plasticity in the mouse. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:3827-3848, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Condro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Anna Matynia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Nicholas N Foster
- Institute of Neuro Imaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA 90089
| | - Yukio Ago
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 565-0871
| | - Abha K Rajbhandari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Christina Van
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Bhavaani Jayaram
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Sachin Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Anna L Diep
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Victor May
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, USA 05405
| | - Hong-Wei Dong
- Institute of Neuro Imaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA 90089
| | - James A Waschek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
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Albert-Vartanian A, Boyd MR, Hall AL, Morgado SJ, Nguyen E, Nguyen VPH, Patel SP, Russo LJ, Shao AJ, Raffa RB. Will peripherally restricted kappa-opioid receptor agonists (pKORAs) relieve pain with less opioid adverse effects and abuse potential? J Clin Pharm Ther 2016; 41:371-82. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. R. Boyd
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - A. L. Hall
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - S. J. Morgado
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - E. Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | | | - S. P. Patel
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - L. J. Russo
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - A. J. Shao
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - R. B. Raffa
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
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Martel A, Nguyen E, Lassale S. [Bulbar conjunctival osseous choristoma in a 9-year-old girl: Clinical and pathological findings]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2016; 39:586-7. [PMID: 27257111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Martel
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Lenval, CHU de Nice, 57, avenue de la Californie, 06200 Nice, France.
| | - E Nguyen
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Lenval, CHU de Nice, 57, avenue de la Californie, 06200 Nice, France
| | - S Lassale
- Service d'anatomopathologie, hôpital Pasteur 1, CHU de Nice, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France
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Hudson BM, Nguyen E, Tantillo DJ. The influence of intramolecular sulfur-lone pair interactions on small-molecule drug design and receptor binding. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3975-80. [PMID: 27049933 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00254d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-lone pair interactions are important conformational control elements in sulfur-containing heterocycles that abound in pharmaceuticals, natural products, agrochemicals, polymers and other important classes of organic molecules. Nonetheless, the role of intramolecular sulfur-lone pair interactions in the binding of small molecules to receptors is often overlooked. Here we analyze the magnitudes and origins of these interactions for a variety of biologically relevant small molecules using quantum chemical and automated docking calculations. In most cases examined in this study, the lowest energy conformation of the small molecule displays a sulfur-lone pair close contact. However, docking studies, both published and new, often predict that conformations without sulfur-lone pair contacts have the best binding affinity for their respective receptors. This is a serious problem. Since many of these predicted bound conformations are not actually energetically accessible, pursuing design (e.g., drug design) around these binding modes necessarily will lead, serendipity aside, to dead end designs. Our results constitute a caution that one best not neglect these interactions when predicting the binding affinities of potential ligands (drugs or not) for hosts (enzymes, receptors, DNA, RNA, synthetic hosts). Moreover, a better understanding and awareness of sulfur-lone pair interactions should facilitate the rational modulation of host-guest interactions involving sulfur-containing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
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Nguyen E, Gastaud P. Communication artérioveineuse congénitale de type 3 : anastomoses artérioveineuses directes multiples complexes affectant de gros vaisseaux rétiniens. J Fr Ophtalmol 2016; 39:131-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Qiu M, Barberi A, Nguyen E, Crossley W, Grubor D. Incidence of inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injuries following third molar removal within a training institution. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nguyen E, Goodbourn PT, Holcombe AO. Prism adaptation ameliorates pseudoneglect by enhancing target processing in right hemispace. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Nguyen E, Khoe W, Saygin AP. Affective Priming by Biological Motion. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Gausdal G, Wergeland A, Skavland J, Nguyen E, Pendino F, Rouhee N, McCormack E, Herfindal L, Kleppe R, Havemann U, Schwede F, Bruserud O, Gjertsen BT, Lanotte M, Ségal-Bendirdjian E, Døskeland SO. Cyclic AMP can promote APL progression and protect myeloid leukemia cells against anthracycline-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e516. [PMID: 23449452 PMCID: PMC3734820 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We show that cyclic AMP (cAMP) elevating agents protect blasts from patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) against death induced by first-line anti-leukemic anthracyclines like daunorubicin (DNR). The cAMP effect was reproduced in NB4 APL cells, and shown to depend on activation of the generally cytoplasmic cAMP-kinase type I (PKA-I) rather than the perinuclear PKA-II. The protection of both NB4 cells and APL blasts was associated with (inactivating) phosphorylation of PKA site Ser118 of pro-apoptotic Bad and (activating) phosphorylation of PKA site Ser133 of the AML oncogene CREB. Either event would be expected to protect broadly against cell death, and we found cAMP elevation to protect also against 2-deoxyglucose, rotenone, proteasome inhibitor and a BH3-only mimetic. The in vitro findings were mirrored by the findings in NSG mice with orthotopic NB4 cell leukemia. The mice showed more rapid disease progression when given cAMP-increasing agents (prostaglandin E2 analog and theophylline), both with and without DNR chemotherapy. The all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced terminal APL cell differentiation is a cornerstone in current APL treatment and is enhanced by cAMP. We show also that ATRA-resistant APL cells, believed to be responsible for treatment failure with current ATRA-based treatment protocols, were protected by cAMP against death. This suggests that the beneficial pro-differentiating and non-beneficial pro-survival APL cell effects of cAMP should be weighed against each other. The results suggest also general awareness toward drugs that can affect bone marrow cAMP levels in leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gausdal
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Petitjean-Lecherbonnier J, Dina J, Nguyen E, Gouarin S, Lebigot E, Vabret A. [Molecular diagnosis of respiratory enterovirus infections: Use of PCR and molecular identification for a best approach of the main circulating strains during 2008]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 2011; 59:113-21. [PMID: 20828940 PMCID: PMC7126958 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The PCR assays are currently used in diagnosis of enterovirus (EV) meningitis. Nevertheless, the use of molecular diagnosis of EV should be investigated in respiratory tract infections (RTI). OBJECTIVES To perform enterovirus molecular diagnostic tools, PCR and genotyping, in nasal samples for diagnostic and epidemiologic purposes. METHODS During 2008, 3612 nasal specimen (NS) were studied by IFD and MRC5 culture. Next, we realised successively viral isolation on HuH7 culture (for NS negative by IFD assay) and a duplex PCR enterovirus-rhinovirus for the 816 HuH7 positive supernatants. Furthermore, 327 NS collected from neonates were systematically tested by a real-time RT-PCR. This assay was used in routine for EV diagnosis setting in cerebrospinal fluid. Enterovirus genotyping was then performed for the 68 positive supernatants. RESULTS Thirty-five NS (0.97%) were positive for EV by culture (MRC5). A combination of both PCR assays, PEVRV and PEV, allowed an additional identification of 41 EV, eight EV-RV and 12 RV, increasing the number of positive to 96 NS (2.6%). Among the neonates, 32 NS (11.3%) were positive for EV by PEV. Of the 98 NS tested by the two PCR assays (PEV and PEVRV), 27 were positive and we detected 10 EV, five EV-RV and 12 RV. From January to December 2008, the circulation of EV showed the usual peak in June-July when a small outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred and an additional autumnal peak corresponding to respiratory tract infections. Five main serotypes were isolated: 19 EV68 (29.7%), 12 CB3 (18.7%), nine E3 (14,1%), six CA9 (9.4%) and six CB1 (9.4%); the 19 EV68 were isolated in October-November and 17/19 (89.5%) of positive patients were hospitalised for severe respiratory diseases. CONCLUSION The use of molecular screening techniques (PCR assays and genotyping) on nasal samples collected from patients with respiratory infections allowed a prospective, effective and precise identification of circulating strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Petitjean-Lecherbonnier
- Laboratoire de virologie humaine et moléculaire, CHU de Caen, avenue Georges-Clémenceau, 14033 Caen, France.
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Vabret A, Dina J, Cuvillon-Nimal D, Nguyen E, Gouarin S, Petitjean J, Brouard J, Freymuth F. [Seasonal flu]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:e51-7. [PMID: 20303676 PMCID: PMC7126553 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
La grippe saisonnière est due aux virus influenza A et B. Il s’agit de virus enveloppés dont le génome est constitué de sept à huit fragments d’ARN. Les différents sous-types sont déterminés par la nature des deux glycoprotéines de surface HA et NA. La grippe saisonnière est une maladie épidémique et hivernale dans les zones à climat tempéré. Son épidémiologie est liée à la grande variabilité du virus au cours du temps, nécessitant la mise en place d’un système d’alerte détectant chaque année les variants circulants dominant et déterminant la composition vaccinale. Les symptômes cliniques de la grippe ne sont pas suffisamment spécifiques pour permettre le diagnostic sans examen virologique. Cela est particulièrement vrai en période non épidémique, chez les sujets de plus de 65 ans et chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans. L’enfant représente une cible privilégiée des infections à virus influenza. Le recours à l’hospitalisation est d’autant plus élevé que l’enfant est jeune. Chez le nourrisson, l’infection peut être paucisymptomatique et s’accompagner de manifestations non respiratoires (léthargie, convulsions, malaises). Le diagnostic virologique de la grippe est justifié chez tous les sujets hospitalisés pour un syndrome respiratoire compatible avec une infection à virus influenza. Il existe plusieurs outils permettant une recherche directe du virus dans les sécrétions respiratoires : isolement du virus en culture, détection d’antigènes, détection moléculaire de l’ARN. Le choix de la méthode se fait selon les caractéristiques du test : sensibilité, spécificité, rapidité et simplicité de réalisation, coût.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vabret
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Caen, avenue Georges-Clémenceau, 14033 Caen, France.
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Gharib SA, Nguyen E, Altemeier WA, Shaffer SA, Doneanu CE, Goodlett DR, Schnapp LM. Of mice and men: comparative proteomics of bronchoalveolar fluid. Eur Respir J 2009; 35:1388-95. [PMID: 20032019 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00089409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesised that comparing the protein mixture in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) between humans and mice may lead to mechanistic insights into common and divergent pathways that evolved in each species. BALF from four humans and six mice was pooled separately and underwent identical shotgun proteomic analysis. Functional and network analysis was applied to identify overlapping and distinct pathways enriched in the BALF. Follow-up experiments using Western analysis in unpooled BALF samples were performed. We identified 91 unique proteins in human and 117 unique proteins in mouse BALF samples. Functional analysis of the proteins revealed conservation of several key processes between the species, including defence response. Oxidative stress response, however, was selectively enriched only in mouse BALF. Differences in the expression of peroxiredoxin-1, a key member of the defence pathway against oxidative injury, were confirmed between normal human and mouse BALF and in models of lung injury. A computational proteomics approach of mouse and human BALF confirms the conservation of immune and defence-mediated pathways while highlighting differences in response to oxidative stress. These observations suggest that the use of mice models to study human lung disorders should be undertaken with an appreciation of interspecies variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Gharib
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Dina J, Vabret A, Nguyen E, Gouarin S, Petitjean J, Freymuth F. P.057 Development of a duplex real-time PCR (AB rt-PCR) for the detection of two DNA respiratory viruses: AdV and HBoV. J Clin Virol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(08)70120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Killackey MT, Gondolesi GE, Liu LU, Paramesh AS, Thung SN, Suriawinata A, Nguyen E, Roayaie S, Schwartz ME, Emre S, Schiano TD. Effect of ischemia-reperfusion on the incidence of acute cellular rejection and timing of histologic hepatitis C virus recurrence after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:1504-10. [PMID: 18589139 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of a critical shortage of deceased donor (DD) livers, more extended criteria allografts are being utilized; these allografts are at increased risk for ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). We assessed whether, in a large cohort of patients transplanted for hepatitis C virus (HCV) either via a DD or live donor (LD), there was a relationship between the degree of IRI and the frequency and timing of acute cellular rejection (ACR) and histologic HCV recurrence. METHODS During an 8-year study, patients were separated into four groups based on peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and three groups based on severity of IRI on postreperfusion liver biopsy. RESULTS The mean follow-up time of 433 DD and 44 LD recipients was 1212 days. We noted a strong correlation in DD between peak ALT and the histologic degree of IRI (P = .01). There was no difference in the incidence or grade of ACR among the four groups. There was no correlation between the severity of IRI and the incidence or time to histologic recurrence of HCV. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude of peak ALT correlated with the severity of IRI on postreperfusion liver biopsy. Among this large HCV cohort, there was no correlation between the severity of IRI and the incidence or timing of histologic HCV recurrence or incidence of ACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Killackey
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, USA
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Lee C, Martin J, MacRae R, Tsao M, Nguyen E, Johnston M, Baas P, Laurie S, Feld R, Murray N, Shepherd F. Malignant Mesothelioma: Canadian Perspective and Research Directions. Curr Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.3747/co.v15i2.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1960s, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma in Canada has increased dramatically because of work-related asbestos exposures. Treatment options are limited. Although chemotherapy is now an accepted standard in the management of advanced disease, uncertainty surrounds the roles of radical surgery and radiation. In March 2007, a symposium was held in Vancouver, B.C., to review the current approach to malignant mesothelioma in Canada and to discuss development of a national clinical research strategy.
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Ta CN, He L, Nguyen E, De Kaspar HM. Prospective randomized study determining whether a 3-day application of ofloxacin results in the selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Eur J Ophthalmol 2006; 16:359-64. [PMID: 16761235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether a 3-day application of ofloxacin results in the selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant conjunctival coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. DESIGN Prospective randomized trial. METHODS Patients scheduled for ocular surgery were randomized to a control (89 eyes) or study group (70 eyes). The study group received topical ofloxacin (0.3%) four times a day for 3 days. Conjunctival cultures were obtained at baseline (T0) and after 3 days of ofloxacin (T1). Cultures were also obtained at T0 and T1 for the control group, but these eyes did not receive an antibiotic. Bacteria isolated were identified and antibiotic susceptibility was determined. RESULTS At T0, 53 out of 89 patients (60%) in the control and 48 out of 70 patients (69%) in the study group harbored coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Among these coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, 12 out of 53 in the control and 11 out of 48 in the study group were resistant to ofloxacin (p>0.9999). At T1, significantly fewer coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (p=0.0003) were isolated from the study group (18 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus), compared the control group (48 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus). Of these, 5 out of 17 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in the study group and 9 out of 48 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in the control group were resistant to ofloxacin (p=0.5649). There was no significant difference in the number of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus resistant to ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin in the study group compared to the control group at T1. CONCLUSIONS Ofloxacin given four times a day for 3 days does not select out for conjunctival fluoroquinolone-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Ta
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
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Rahman P, Nguyen E, Cheung C, Schentag CT, Gladman DD. Comparison of radiological severity in psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2001; 28:1041-4. [PMID: 11361186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the radiological severity of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Patients were identified from the University of Toronto PsA and RA databases. Using the earliest available radiographs, each RA patient was matched to a single PsA patient on the basis of sex, age, and disease duration. Two rheumatologists blinded to the patient's diagnosis scored the radiographs using the modified Steinbrocker method. RESULTS PsA and RA groups were similar with respect to demographics as well as the use of disease modifying antirheumatic medications. No significant difference in Steinbrocker score for the hands and feet or the hands only was noted. Patients with RA had a higher radiological score in the feet. The 2 groups were similar in the number of joints with significant radiological damage (Steinbrocker 3 and 4). CONCLUSION; Overall the radiological severity in the hands and feet of patients with PsA was comparable to that of patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rahman
- University of Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis Clinic, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Ontario, Canada
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