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Niazi FH, Luddin N, Alghawazi AM, Al Sebai L, Alqerban A, Alqahtani YM, Barakat A, Samran A, Noushad M. Aluminum zirconate nanoparticles in etch and rinse adhesive to caries affected dentine: An in-vitro scanning electron microscopy, elemental distribution, antibacterial, degree of conversion and micro-tensile bond strength assessment. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 38581370 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
To incorporate different concentrations of Al2O9Zr3 (1%, 5%, and 10%) nanoparticles (NP) into the ER adhesive and subsequently assess the impact of this addition on the degree of conversion, μTBS, and antimicrobial efficacy. The current research involved a wide-ranging examination that merged various investigative techniques, including the application of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface characterization of NP coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, μTBS testing, and microbial analysis. Teeth were divided into four groups based on the application of modified and unmodified three-step ER adhesive primer. Group 1 (0% Al2O9Zr3 NPs) Control, Group 2 (1% Al2O9Zr3 NPs), Group 3 (5% Al2O9Zr3 NPs), and Group 4 (10% Al2O9Zr3 NPs). EDX analysis of Al2O9Zr3 NPs was performed showing elemental distribution in synthesized NPs. Zirconium (Zr), Aluminum (Al), and Oxides (O2). After primer application, an assessment of the survival rate of Streptococcus mutans was completed. The FTIR spectra were analyzed to observe the characteristic peaks indicating the conversion of double bonds, both before and after the curing process, for the adhesive Etch and rinse containing 1,5,10 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs. μTBS and failure mode assessment were performed using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and stereomicroscope respectively. The μTBS and S.mutans survival rates comparison among different groups was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc (p = .05). Group 4 (10 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive) specimens exhibited the minimum survival of S.mutans (0.11 ± 0.02 CFU/mL). Nonetheless, Group 1 (0 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive) displayed the maximum surviving S.mutans (0.52 ± 0.08 CFU/mL). Moreover, Group 2 (1 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive) (21.22 ± 0.73 MPa) samples displayed highest μTBS. However, the bond strength was weakest in Group 1 (0 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive) (14.13 ± 0.32 MPa) study samples. The etch-and-rinse adhesive exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity and micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) when 1% Al2O9Zr3 NPs was incorporated, as opposed to the control group. Nevertheless, the incorporation of Al2O9Zr3 NPs led to a decrease in DC. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: 10 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive specimens exhibited the minimum survival of S.mutans. 1 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive samples displayed the most strong composite/CAD bond. The highest DC was observed in Group 1: 0 wt% Al2O9Zr3 NPs + ER adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norhayati Luddin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | | | - Leen Al Sebai
- College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqerban
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Barakat
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Samran
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Noushad
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alqahtani WMS, Abdul NS, Aslam K, Alanazi A, Ansary N, Alresayes SS, Samran A, Niazi FH. PEEK surface treatment on surface roughness and bond integrity to composite resin utilizing Er: YAG, Rosebengal activated by PDT, and aluminum trioxide particles. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103879. [PMID: 37923284 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the impact of conditioning protocols, aluminum trioxide (Al2O3), Er:YAG laser (EYL), and Rosebengal (RB), on the surface roughness (Ra) and shear bond strength (SBS) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) attached to composite restorations. METHOD Eighty PEEK discs in total were produced and then divided into four groups (n = 20). Group1:Sulfuric acid (SA), Group 2: PDT (RB), Group 3: Al2O3, Group 4 EYL, respectively. The Ra of PEEK discs was evaluated using the surface profilometer. After being luted, the discs were attached to composite resin discs. After that, samples were put to SBS testing on a Universal testing apparatus. A stereo microscope was also used to evaluate the type of breakdown. The data were analyzed using Tukey's test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The SA treated group exhibited the highest Ra. Nevertheless, the RB specimens activated by PDT treatment had the lowest mean Ra score. The group that received the treatment of SA exhibited the highest average score of SBS. In contrast, specimens treated with PDT and activated by RB exhibited the lowest levels of bond fidelity. Cohesive failure emerges as the prevailing kind of fracture within the various groups subjected to testing. CONCLUSION The utilization of Al2O3, RB activated by PDT, and EYL shows promise as a viable substitute for Sulfuric acid in enhancing the bond integrity of composite cement and surface roughness in PEEK materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M S Alqahtani
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences (Oral Pathology), Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kashif Aslam
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Pakistan.
| | | | - Nisren Ansary
- College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Saleh Alresayes
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Samran
- Department of Prosthetic and Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Prosthetic and Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Alqahtani WMS, Qamar Z, Yousief SA, Abdul NS, Reddy RN, Alghufaili S, Khuthija Khanam HM, Barakat A, Niazi FH. Use of final irrigants MTAD, Salvedora Perscia, Malachite green, and Ti-sapphire laser on push-out bond strength of Zirconia post. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 43:103605. [PMID: 37187269 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM Evaluation of the push-out bond strength (PBS) of zirconia post-bonded to radicular dentin after using different final irrigants (MTAD, Malachite green (MG), Ti-sapphire laser and Salvadora persica (S.persica). MATERIAL AND METHOD Forty human permanent single-rooted were decoronated above the cement-enamel junction. An experienced endodontist performed all the root canal instrumentation using ProTaper universal rotary files. Canals were irrigated using 5.25% NaOCl solution followed by EDTA as a final sterilant. Obturation with gutta-percha using AH Plus sealer was performed. Post-space preparation was completed using Gates Glidden and specimens were randomly assigned to four groups based on the final disinfectant received (n=10). Group 1: 5.25% NaOCl + MTAD, group 2: 5.25% NaOCl + MG, group 3: 5.25% NaOCl +Ti-sapphire laser, and group 4: 5.25% NaOCl + S. persica. The chemically polymerized resin was used to lute zirconia posts. PBS and failure mode analysis were performed using a universal testing machine and stereomicroscope at 40X magnification. Data were compared between the two groups with 95% CI using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Tukey post hoc test. p=0.05. RESULTS Group4(5.25% NaOCl+ S.persica) specimens demonstrated the maximum (8.94±0.14 MPa) bond strength. Conversely, the apical third of Group 2 (5.25% NaOCl+ MG) (2.87±0.15 MPa) samples revealed the minimum bond strength scores. Intergroup comparison exposed that Group 1 (1.3% NaOCl+ MTAD), Group 3 (5.25% NaOCl+Ti-sapphire laser), and Group 4 (5.25% NaOCl+ S. persica) at all three-thirds unveiled no significant difference in PBS (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Ti-sapphire laser and Salvedora Persica possess the potential to be used as a final root canal irrigant to improve the push-out bond strength of zirconia post-to-root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M S Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of O&MFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salah A Yousief
- Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, 71524, Egypt; Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al UloomUniversity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences (Oral Pathology), Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Naveen Reddy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alghufaili
- Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Khuthija Khanam
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al UloomUniversity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Barakat
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al UloomUniversity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al UloomUniversity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Swapna LA, Alawad AO, Abdullah AlAmri L, Sayed Abdul N, Qamar Z, Vempalli S, Niazi FH. Efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy in patients with nicotine stomatitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 41:103152. [PMID: 36469966 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to treat smoker's palate (SP) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT). METHODS A total of 24 patients with SP were divided into two groups: group-I (test group; n = 12); and group-II (control group; n = 12). Group-I patients were treated with 5-ALA-mediated PDT, while group-II patients were advised to cease the smoking habit during the entire duration of the study and later. PDT was repeated on days 3, 7, and 14 (i.e., a total of four sittings including day 0 [baseline]). Later, the participants were called for follow-up after week-4 (1st follow-up), week-6 (2nd follow-up), and week-8 (3rd follow-up) after the completion of the treatment. The SPSS version 22.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS Group-I patients showed a statistically significant improvement when all three time points were assessed (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the same trend was observed in the group-II participants (p < 0.001), however, the difference between both groups (i.e., group-I [test group] and group-II [control group]) was larger. CONCLUSION The findings of this clinical trial indicated a promising and satisfactory decrease in the clinical features of the smoker's palate without any adverse impacts utilizing 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy. Hence, 5-ALA-mediated PDT appeared to be a promising treatment option together with smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingam Amara Swapna
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostics Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah O Alawad
- National Center of Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz Center for Science and Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Leena Abdullah AlAmri
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostics Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences (Oral Pathology), Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Swetha Vempalli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Koppolu P, Qamar Z, Abdul NS, Shenoy M, Reddy RN, Kakti A, Barakat AA, Niazi FH. Noncarious cervical lesion pretreated using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and diode laser in reducing dentin hypersensitivity bonded to different restorative material: Valuation of bond values and invitro dye leakage. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102885. [PMID: 35489690 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to appraise the effect of Diode laser (DL), riboflavin, and curcumin on the bond strength of adhesive restorative material and the effects of pretreatment on microleakage scores. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety caries-free human permanent premolars were obtained and disinfected. All specimens were mounted till CEJ. To provide standardization, a 2 × 2 mm flat non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) dentin surface was exposed. This was followed by dentin surface roughening/cervical groove preparation with a round bur. After tooth surface preparation, ninety specimens were divided arbitrarily into three groups. Group 1: NCCL exposed to DL; group 2: NCCL pretreated with riboflavin photosensitizer (RFP) and group 3 pretreated with curcumin photosensitizer (CP). All the three groups were further divided into two subgroups A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2 based on the restorative material used (n=15). Subgroup A1, B1, and C1 were restored with composite resin (CR). Subgroup A2, B2, and C2 were restored with RMGIC. Ten samples from each subgroup were evaluated for shear bond strength (SBS) testing under a universal testing machine (UTM). Five from each subgroup were evaluated for microleakage assessment. Bond strength and microleakage analysis were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Post-hoc test (Tukey's post hoc test) at a significance level (p=0.05). RESULTS The group A1, DL-CR shows the highest SBS (16.41± 0.4 MPa). However, CP-RMGIC groups demonstrated the lowest bond integrity. RFP-CR and the DL-CR group displayed comparable outcomes of SBS (p>0.05). The highest microleakage was observed with CP-RMGIC. The least microleakage was displayed by DL-CR. CONCLUSION Noncarious cervical lesions pretreated with diode laser and riboflavin photosensitizer showed better shear bond strength and reduced microleakage when bonded to composite resin than non-carious cervical lesions pretreated with curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Koppolu
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi.
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahesh Shenoy
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - R Naveen Reddy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ateet Kakti
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Abdulmajeed Barakat
- Department of Restorative and prosthetic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Dept of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Noushad M, Rastam S, Nassani MZ, Al-Saqqaf IS, Hussain M, Yaroko AA, Arshad M, Kirfi AM, Koppolu P, Niazi FH, Elkandow A, Darwish M, Abdalla Nassar AS, Abuzied Mohammed SO, Abdalrady Hassan NH, Abusalim GS, Samran A, Alsalhani AB, Demachkia AM, de Melo RM, Luddin N, Husein A, Habib A, Suleyman F, Osman HA, Al-Awar MS, Dimashkieh MR, Swapna LA, Barakat A, Alqerban A. A Global Survey of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among Healthcare Workers. Front Public Health 2022; 9:794673. [PMID: 35211453 PMCID: PMC8860987 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.794673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Even though several effective vaccines are available to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, wide disparities in vaccine distribution, and vaccine acceptance rates between high- and low-income countries appear to be major threats toward achieving population immunity. Our global descriptive study aims to inform policymakers on factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers (HCWs) in 12 countries, based on income index. We also looked for possible predictors of vaccine acceptance among the study sample. Methods A structured questionnaire prepared after consultation with experts in the field and guided by the “Report of the SAGE working group on vaccine hesitancy” was administered among 2,953 HCWs. Upon obtaining informed consent, apart from demographic information, we collected information on trust in vaccines and health authorities, and agreement to accept a COVID-19 vaccine. Results Although 69% of the participants agreed to accept a vaccine, there was high heterogeneity in agreement between HCWs in low and lower-middle income countries (L-LMICs) and upper-middle- and high-income countries (UM-HICs), with acceptance rates of 62 and 75%, respectively. Potential predictors of vaccine acceptance included being male, 50 years of age or older, resident of an UM-HIC, updating self about COVID-19 vaccines, greater disease severity perception, greater anxiety of contracting COVID-19 and concern about side effects of vaccines. Conclusions COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among HCWs in L-LMICs was considerably low as compared to those from UM-HICs. The lowest vaccine acceptance rates were among HCWs from the African continent. This underlines the need for the implementation of country-specific vaccine promotion strategies, with special focus on increasing vaccine supply in L-LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ali Ango Yaroko
- Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam Husein
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Adnan Habib
- College of Dentistry, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali Barakat
- Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqerban
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Koppolu P, Tanvir SB, Lingam AS, Noor MZ, Barakat A, Alwahibi MS, Almoallim H, Aqerban A, Noushad M, Niazi FH. Dental students and COVID 19: An online multinational survey on perception and knowledge. Ann Afr Med 2022; 21:91-97. [PMID: 35313412 PMCID: PMC9020637 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_149_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus is an emerging respiratory pathogen that causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), as per the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Objective: This study aimed to assess the state of awareness and extent of knowledge about COVID-19 among dental students from India, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 872 participants from December 2020 to January 2021. Random sampling was performed using an electronic questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance and independent sample t-test were performed to assess and compare the mean knowledge score between different demographic data. Results: Approximately 60% (n = 520) of the responders were women and 40% responders were men (n = 352). The responders were from Saudi Arabia (36.9%; n = 322), India (34.2%; n = 298), and Pakistan (28.8%; n = 252). The difference within the subgroups was statistically nonsignificant (P > 0.05), indicating that dental students of all subparameters possessed equal knowledge on COVID-19. Conclusions: Dental students possess sufficient knowledge about COVID-19, qualifying them at least to work in a medical ward. However, more emphasis must be placed on infection prevention and control policies such as hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, and pre- and postexposure prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Koppolu
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Bilal Tanvir
- Visiting Researcher, Center of Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amara Swapna Lingam
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zakir Noor
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Barakat
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saleh Alwahibi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Almoallim
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Aqerban
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Noushad
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Biomaterials Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Niazi FH, Qamar Z, Noushad M, Muhareb AKB. Use of Rose Bengal, Methylene blue and Curcumin Photosensitizers activated using light emitting diode on post space disinfection bonded to fiber post: An assessment of extrusion bond strength. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 38:34-39. [PMID: 35035397 PMCID: PMC8713197 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.38.1.4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Rose Bengal (RB), methylene blue (MB) and curcumin used as a canal disinfectant on the extrusion bond strength (EBS) of FRCP (fiber reinforced composite resin) with canal dentin. Methods: The present invitro study was completed in 90 days approved by Riyadh Elm University. Forty premolars were extracted disinfected and decoronated. Mechanochemical preparation was done of canal space using 10k file widening canals sequentially with a 25K file with constant saline irrigation. Canal was dried condensed with gutta percha and sealer. Post space was prepared using peso reamer. Based on canal disinfection samples were divided into four groups. Group-1 MBP+17%EDTA, Group-2 RBP +17%EDTA, Group-3 Curcumin+17%EDTA and Group-4 5.25% NaOCl +17% EDTA. Following disinfection, the canal space of all specimens was washed with 17% EDTA for 120 sec. Post was cemented in canal space and cured. Specimens were placed on Universal testing machine (UTM) for EBS. The type of bond failure was evaluated using stereomicroscope. ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test was used to compare means. Results: Cervical third of Group-3 in which samples were disinfected with CP+17% EDTA displayed the maximum EBS (8.69±1.32 MPa). Whereas, the lowest EBS (3.30±0.54 MPa) was exhibited by the apical third of Group-4, where 5.25% NaOCl +17% EDTA was used as a canal disinfectant. The intragroup comparison demonstrated a declining trend of EBS from cervical to apical third in all investigated groups. Conclusion: Root canal dentin treated with different PS (MBP, CP, and RBP) demonstrated better EBS than the conventional disinfecting regime (NaOCl +17% EDTA). CP and RBP displayed better EBS than MBP
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Fayez Hussain Niazi, Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Fayez Hussain Niazi Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Zeeshan Qamar, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine Dentistry, Karachi. Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Noushad
- Mohammed Noushad, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Niazi FH, Qamar Z, Tanvir SB, Noushad M, Dossary OBA. Effect of Photodynamic therapy and Er,Cr: YSGG laser on bond strength of bleached enamel to composite resin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102405. [PMID: 34153543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was bleached enamel reversal using conventional ascorbic acid (AA) and contemporary methods including Photodynamic therapy (PDT), Er, Cr: YSGG (ECL) on bond integrity to composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHOD Forty sound permanent mandibular premolars were collected from a dental clinical setting and disinfected. All forty samples were mounted vertically in a rubber mold exposing only the clinical crown. All samples were bleached using Opalescence Boost Professional Teeth Whitening. After the bleaching procedure, each sample was randomly allocated into four groups according to surface treatment. Samples in group 1 were treated with methylene blue photosensitizer (MBP). Samples in group 2 were exposed to 10% sodium ascorbate. Samples in group 3 were treated with Er, Cr: YSGG laser (ECL). Samples in group 4 were not treated (control). All Samples were treated with 37% phosphoric acid and a bonding agent was applied. A bulk-fill composite was cured to all specimens and all samples were treated in a thermocycler. Specimens were placed in a universal testing machine for shear bond strength (SBS) testing. Descriptive statistics were associated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test maintaining level of significance (p<0.05) RESULTS: The lowest SBS scores were achieved in the bleached enamel (BE) group (15.25±1.745 MPa). Whereas, the highest bond integrity was attained by AA group (32.23±1.854 MPa). Samples treated with ECL (31.87±1.659 MPa) and AA (32.23±1.854) were comparable (p>0.05). Samples treated with PDT exhibited significantly different SBS (22.41±1.258) compared to other experimental groups CONCLUSION: ECL showed a reversal effect of BE compared to AA and has the potential to be used in clinical settings. BE reversal using MBP needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Bilal Tanvir
- Visiting Researcher center of Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and London School of medicine and dentistry London United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Noushad
- Dept of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Nandagiri P, Praveen M, Singh S, Singh M, Chandrahari N, Niazi FH. Comparative analysis of flexural strength of abraded and polished porcelain surfaces - an in vitro study. J Med Life 2021; 14:61-67. [PMID: 33767787 PMCID: PMC7982250 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Typically, prosthodontists adjust ceramic restorations glazed surface by grinding prior to insertion. Such alterations of surfaces are necessary for the correction of occlusal interferences. We aimed to evaluate and compare the change in flexural strength of ceramic surfaces after re-glazing and polishing. This study included 40 samples of ceramic blocks that were fabricated and glazed, and then fired in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. The sample was randomly divided into four groups of 10 samples each. The first group was the control group with unaltered glazed samples. The second group was abraded with an extra-fine diamond bur followed by re-glazing, and the other two groups were polished with two commercially available polishing kits after abrading them with an extra-fine diamond bur. The samples were tested for their flexural strength using a universal testing machine. On the application of the F test on the means of all the groups, a value greater than 0.05 was found, which meant that there is no statistically significant difference in flexural strength values between the groups (P-value>0.05). Since the flexural strength values of the polished group were comparable to the other groups, polishing can be used instead of re-glazing for ceramic restorations. This reduces an additional clinical appointment for the patient and saves working time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mamidi Praveen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shikha Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, People's Dental College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bhopal, India
| | - Monika Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Center, Indore, India
| | | | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetics Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Tanvir SB, Qasim SSB, Latimer J, Qamar Z, Niazi FH. The Efficacy and Adverse Events of Delafloxacin for Treating Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S538-S545. [PMID: 33149517 PMCID: PMC7595463 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_154_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) cause significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients and outpatients as well. Newer fluoroquinolones such as delafloxacin might be a useful medication for treating infections of skin caused by gram-positive bacterial species that are resistant. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate all the literature on delafloxacin in databases and make comparisons of its efficacy with antimicrobial drugs routinely used to treat skin infections. Materials and Methods: A detailed search on different databases was conducted using, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Embase. Primary outcome was microbiological cure at the end of the follow-up period. Absence of the signs and symptoms at the termination of the follow-up period and clinical response to medications was regarded as the secondary outcome. Results: The pooled efficacy of delafloxacin was at 80% (95% confidence interval 1.01 [0.97, 1.06]; P = 0.51). No statistically significant difference was found between intravenous delafloxacin and comparator drugs. Conclusion: The effectiveness of delafloxacin was found to be non-inferior to tigecycline and linezolid. Efficacy and pooled cure rate of delafloxacin was also found to be superior to vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Bilal Tanvir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Saad Bin Qasim
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Joe Latimer
- Biomedical Research Center, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Qamar Z, Niazi FH, Moiz AA, Noushad M, Zeeshan T. Can Human Maxillary Premolars Discriminate Between Sexes in South Asian Populations? INT J MORPHOL 2020. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022020000300622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Saliva is a bio-fluid considered similar to blood in that it contains various DNAs, RNAs and proteins. Therefore, it is a fluid with diagnostic potential. In recent time, exosomes are emerging as nano-vesicles which enhance intra-cellular communication. Exosomal content, which is dependent on the cell of origin, reflects physiological status of cells. Exosomes have potentials for use as biomarkers for variant diseases, based on their stability and availability in various body fluids. Current studies have proposed the role of exosomes as immuno-modulators in the etiology of auto-immune diseases and cancers. The present study focused on the role of exosomes as biomarkers and their therapeutic potentials in particular diseases related to the oral cavity.
Keywords: Exosomes, Auto-immune, Biomarkers, Saliva, Diagnosis
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Qasim SSB, Zafar MS, Niazi FH, Alshahwan M, Omar H, Daood U. Functionally graded biomimetic biomaterials in dentistry: an evidence-based update. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2020; 31:1144-1162. [PMID: 32202207 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1744289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Design and development of novel therapeutic strategies to regenerate lost tissue structure and function is a serious clinical hurdle for researchers. Traditionally, much of the research is dedicated in optimising properties of scaffolds. Current synthetic biomaterials remain rudimentary in comparison to their natural counterparts. The ability to incorporate biologically inspired elements into the design of synthetic materials has advanced with time. Recent reports suggest that functionally graded material mimicking the natural tissue morphology can have a more exaggerated response on the targeted tissue. The aim of this review is to deliver an overview of the functionally graded concept with respect to applications in clinical dentistry. A comprehensive understanding of spatiotemporal arrangement in fields of restorative, prosthodontics, periodontics, orthodontics and oral surgery is presented. Different processing techniques have been adapted to achieve such gradients ranging from additive manufacturing (three dimensional printing/rapid prototyping) to conventional techniques of freeze gelation, freeze drying, electrospinning and particulate leaching. The scope of employing additive manufacturing technique as a reliable and predictable tool for the design and accurate reproduction of biomimetic templates is vast by any measure. Further research in the materials used and refinement of the synthesis techniques will continue to expand the frontiers of functionally graded membrane based biomaterials application in the clinical domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Saad Bin Qasim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alshahwan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Omar
- Clinical Dentistry, Restorative Division, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur
| | - Umer Daood
- Clinical Dentistry, Restorative Division, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur
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Niazi FH, Noushad M, Tanvir SB, Ali S, Al-Khalifa KS, Qamar Z, Al-Sheikh R. Antimicrobial efficacy of indocyanine green-mediated photodynamic therapy compared with Salvadora persica gel application in the treatment of moderate and deep pockets in periodontitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 29:101665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Niazi FH, Koppolu P, Tanvir SB, Samran A, Alqerban A. Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis among HIV seropositive patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101608. [PMID: 31770598 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate clinical periodontal and microbiological parameters after the treatment with adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) among HIV seropositive and seronegative patients with necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seropositive patients (Group-I) and health controls (Group-II) with NUP were randomized into two groups and further underwent APDT and scaling and root planing (SRP), respectively. Clinical periodontal parameters including full mouth plaque index (FMPI), bleeding on probing (FMBOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain were assessed. Levels of bacteria including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Tannerella forsythia (Tf) were assessed using PCR technique. All assessments were done at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. RESULTS All periodontal parameters including FMPI, FMBOP, PD and CAL significantly improved in both HIV seropositive and seronegative patients. The reduction in mean PD was higher only with the APDT treatment among group II patients compared to group I patients at follow-up (p < 0.05). The gain in mean CAL was higher only with the APDT treatment among group I and group II patients at follow-up (p < 0.05). All bacterial levels reduced from baseline to follow-up with both APDT and SRP treatments in both groups (p < 0.05). APDT showed significantly reduced counts of Aa and Tf at 3 months, and only Aa at 6 months among HIV seropositive patients, while the levels of Pg and Tf significantly reduced at 3 months and only Aa at 6 months in the seronegative patients, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing was effective in improving clinical periodontal parameters and bacterial levels among HIV positive patients with NUP. However, the improvement was not greater when compared with HIV seronegative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Pradeep Koppolu
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Bilal Tanvir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Samran
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Aluloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Ali Alqerban
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Niazi FH, Kamran MA, Naseem M, AlShahrani I, Fraz TR, Hosein M. Anti-plaque Efficacy of Herbal Mouthwashes Compared to Synthetic Mouthwashes in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Oral Health Prev Dent 2019; 16:409-416. [PMID: 30151504 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a40983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study compared the antiplaque effects of two herbal mouthwashes containing Salvadora persica and Azadirachta indica, respectively, with two synthetic mouthwashes containing either chlorhexidine or cetylpyridinium. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this triple-blind, randomised controlled trial, 100 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment underwent scaling and polishing at baseline to obtain a plaque score of zero. In the first phase, they were given oral hygiene instructions and were provided with a standard toothpaste to be used twice daily for a period of three weeks. In the second phase, following scaling and polishing, they were randomly allocated to 4 groups according to 4 different types of mouthwash (A: chlorhexidine; B = cetylpyridinium; C = extracts of Salvadora persica miswak; D: extract of Azadirachta indica miswak) along with previously taught toothbrushing protocol for three more weeks. Plaque accumulation was scored three times according to the Modified Bonded Bracket Plaque Index: at the start, after the toothbrush-toothpaste trial, and at the end of mouthwash trial. The paired t-test was used to compare the pre-plaque and post-plaque indices in all groups. Analysis of mean differences of post-plaque indices between and within groups was performed using the post-hoc Tukey test. Qualitative variables were compared by Crosstab. RESULTS Eighty participants completed the study - 63 females and 17 males. There was a statistically significant decrease in mean plaque scores after using mouthwashes in all four groups at follow-up when compared to the baseline plaque score (p = 0.001). The greatest reduction of plaque score was found in group C (extract of Salvadora persica) when compared with group A, chlorhexidine (p = 0.016). CONCLUSION Compared to other mouthwashes, Salvadora persica miswak-based mouthwash showed a maximum reduction in the plaque scores among orthodontic patients.
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Abdul Rehman S, Khurshid Z, Hussain Niazi F, Naseem M, Al Waddani H, Sahibzada HA, Sannam Khan R. Role of Salivary Biomarkers in Detection of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Proteomes 2017; 5:proteomes5030021. [PMID: 28783097 PMCID: PMC5620538 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes5030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human whole mouth saliva (WMS) is secreted by salivary glands, namely parotid, submandibular/sublingual and other minor glands of the oral cavity. It is secreted in a systematic way, and contain informative proteins and peptides for the early detection of contagious diseases and organ-related diseases. The role of WMS as a liquid biopsy for the detection of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) through Myoglobin (MYO), Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), Creatine phosphokinase MB (CK-MB), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Exosomal miRNA, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-8 (TIMP-1), leukotriene B4 has been well reported in last decade, that have been reviewed in the literature comprehensively below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Abdul Rehman
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi 74700, Pakistan.
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fayez Hussain Niazi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudia Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudia Arabia.
| | - Hamed Al Waddani
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Rabia Sannam Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Baqai University, Karachi 74600, Pakistan.
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