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Quéméner A, Perruchot MH, Dessauge F, Vincent A, Merlot E, Le Floch N, Louveau I. Hygiene of housing conditions and proinflammatory signals alter gene expressions in porcine adipose tissues and blood cells. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14405. [PMID: 36530394 PMCID: PMC9756862 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an organ with metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. In this tissue, the expressions of genes associated with several metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism, have been shown to be affected by genetic selection for feed efficiency, an important trait to consider in livestock. We hypothesized that the stimulation of immune system caused by poor hygiene conditions of housing impacts the molecular and cellular features of adipose tissue and that the impact may differ between pigs that diverge in feed efficiency. At the age of 12 weeks, Large White pigs from two genetic lines divergent for residual feed intake (RFI) were housed in two contrasting hygiene conditions (good vs poor). After six weeks of exposure, pigs were slaughtered (n = 36). Samples of blood, subcutaneous (SCAT) and perirenal (PRAT) adipose tissues were collected for cell response and gene expression investigations. The decrease in the relative weight of PRAT was associated with a decline in mRNA levels of FASN, ME, LCN2 and TLR4 (P < 0.05) in pigs housed in poor conditions compared with pigs housed in good conditions for both RFI lines. In SCAT, the expressions of only two key genes (PPARG and TLR4) were significantly affected by the hygiene of housing conditions. Besides, the mRNA levels of both LCN2 and GPX3 were influenced by the RFI line (P < 0.05). Because we suspected an effect of poor hygiene at the cellular levels, we investigated the differentiation of stromal vascular cells isolated from SCAT in vitro in the absence or presence of a pro-inflammatory cytokine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α). The ability of these cells to differentiate in the absence or presence of TNF-α did not differ among the four groups of animals (P > 0.05). We also investigated the expressions of genes involved in the immune response and lipid metabolism in whole blood cells cultured in the absence and presence of LPS. The hygiene conditions had no effect but, the relative expression of the GPX3 gene was higher (P < 0.001) in high RFI than in low RFI pigs while the expressions of IL-10 (P = 0.027), TGFβ1 (P = 0.023) and ADIPOR2 (P = 0.05) genes were lower in high RFI than in low RFI pigs. Overall, the current study indicates that the hygiene of housing had similar effects on both RFI lines on the expression of genes in adipose tissues and on the features of SCAT adipose cells and whole blood cells in response to TNF-α and LPS. It further demonstrates that the number of genes with expression impacted by housing conditions was higher in PRAT than in SCAT. It suggests a depot-specific response of adipose tissue to the current challenge.
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Vincent A, Dessauge F, Gondret F, Lebret B, Le Floc'h N, Louveau I, Lefaucheur L. Poor hygiene of housing conditions influences energy metabolism in a muscle type-dependent manner in growing pigs differing in feed efficiency. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7991. [PMID: 35568703 PMCID: PMC9107456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of pigs to cope with inflammatory challenges may by modified by selection for residual feed intake (RFI), a measure of feed efficiency. In the current study, we evaluated skeletal muscle metabolic responses to degraded hygiene conditions in pigs divergently selected for RFI. At 82 d of age, low RFI and high RFI pigs were housed in either poor or good hygiene conditions. After a 6-week challenge, the poor hygiene conditions induced a decrease in growth performance (P < 0.001) and in plasma IGF-I concentrations (P < 0.003) in both lines. In the slow-twitch oxidative semispinalis muscle, poor hygiene conditions induced a shift towards a more oxidative metabolism and an activation of the AMPK pathway in pigs of both RFI lines. In the fast-twitch glycolytic longississimus muscle, poor hygiene conditions were associated to a less glycolytic metabolism in the HRFI line only. Poor hygiene conditions also increased the protein level of lipidation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3β (LC3-II) in both RFI lines, suggesting an activation of the autophagy pathway. Altogether, the data revealed muscle-type specific metabolic adaptations to poor hygiene conditions, which may be related to different strategies to fuel the activated immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Vincent
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590, Saint-Gilles, France.
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3
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Tesseraud S, Avril P, Bonnet M, Bonnieu A, Cassar-Malek I, Chabi B, Dessauge F, Gabillard JC, Perruchot MH, Seiliez I. Autophagy in farm animals: current knowledge and future challenges. Autophagy 2021; 17:1809-1827. [PMID: 32686564 PMCID: PMC8386602 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1798064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy (a process of cellular self-eating) is a conserved cellular degradative process that plays important roles in maintaining homeostasis and preventing nutritional, metabolic, and infection-mediated stresses. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the role of this cellular function in species of agronomical interest, and the details of how autophagy functions in the development of phenotypes of agricultural interest remain largely unexplored. Here, we first provide a brief description of the main mechanisms involved in autophagy, then review our current knowledge regarding autophagy in species of agronomical interest, with particular attention to physiological functions supporting livestock animal production, and finally assess the potential of translating the acquired knowledge to improve animal development, growth and health in the context of growing social, economic and environmental challenges for agriculture.Abbreviations: AKT: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ASC: adipose-derived stem cells; ATG: autophagy-related; BECN1: beclin 1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BVDV: bovine viral diarrhea virus; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CTSB: cathepsin B; CTSD: cathepsin D; DAP: Death-Associated Protein; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GFP: green fluorescent protein; Gln: Glutamine; HSPA8/HSC70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8; IF: immunofluorescence; IVP: in vitro produced; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; LMS: lysosomal membrane stability; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MDBK: Madin-Darby bovine kidney; MSC: mesenchymal stem cells; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: MTOR complex 1; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; NDV: Newcastle disease virus; NECTIN4: nectin cell adhesion molecule 4; NOD1: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1; OCD: osteochondritis dissecans; OEC: oviduct epithelial cells; OPTN: optineurin; PI3K: phosphoinositide-3-kinase; PPRV: peste des petits ruminants virus; RHDV: rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascale Avril
- INRAE, UAR1247 Aquapôle, Saint Pée Sur Nivelle, France
| | - Muriel Bonnet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Anne Bonnieu
- DMEM, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Cassar-Malek
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | - Frédéric Dessauge
- INRAE, UMR1348 PEGASE, Saint-Gilles, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, Rennes, France
| | | | - Marie-Hélène Perruchot
- INRAE, UMR1348 PEGASE, Saint-Gilles, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, Rennes, France
| | - Iban Seiliez
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, UMR1419 Nutrition Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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Aujean E, Laubier J, Brun N, Finot L, Chanat E, Dessauge F, Hue-Beauvais C, Provost FL. Genomic DNA PCR analysis to assess xenograft development in mouse mammary gland. Biotechniques 2020; 68:219-222. [PMID: 31990209 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2019-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse transplantation model remains the most relevant methodology to assess the functional capacities of mammary cells and is particularly appropriate for investigations regarding mammary stem cells, whatever the species studied. Following xenotransplantation in mice mammary fat pad, the development of the xenograft is commonly evaluated by immunohistology. Here, we present a simple and rapid method to control the species specificity of a xenograft based on genomic DNA PCR amplification. DNA is extracted from the fixed samples intended for histology, thus allowing the reuse of precious samples. Standard and digital droplet PCR (requiring low DNA quantities) methods have been used to make the present method suitable for the analysis of xenotransplanted samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Aujean
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johann Laubier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nicolas Brun
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laurence Finot
- PEGASE, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Saint-Gilles 35590, France
| | - Eric Chanat
- PEGASE, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Saint-Gilles 35590, France
| | | | - Cathy Hue-Beauvais
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Fabienne Le Provost
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Perruchot MH, Gondret F, Robert F, Dupuis E, Quesnel H, Dessauge F. Effect of the flavonoid baicalin on the proliferative capacity of bovine mammary cells and their ability to regulate oxidative stress. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6565. [PMID: 30863682 PMCID: PMC6407502 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-yielding dairy cows are prone to oxidative stress due to the high metabolic needs of homeostasis and milk production. Oxidative stress and inflammation are tightly linked; therefore, anti-inflammatory and/or natural antioxidant compounds may help improve mammary cell health. Baicalin, one of the major flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis, has natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various cell types, but its effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) have not been investigated. Methods Explants from bovine mammary glands were collected by biopsy at the peak of lactation (approximately 60 days after the start of lactation) (n = three animals) to isolate BMECs corresponding to mature secretory cells. Cell viability, apoptosis, proliferative capacity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by BMECs were measured after increasing doses of baicalin were added to the culture media in the absence or presence of H2O2, which was used as an in vitro model of oxidative stress. Results Low doses of baicalin (1–10 µg/mL) had no or only slightly positive effects on the proliferation and viability of BMECs, whereas higher doses (100 or 200 µg/mL) markedly decreased BMEC proliferation. Baicalin decreased apoptosis rate at low concentrations (10 µg/mL) but increased apoptosis at higher doses. ROS production was decreased in BMECs treated with increasing doses of baicalin compared with untreated cells, and this decreased production was associated with increased intracellular concentrations of catalase and NRF-2. Irrespective of the dose, baicalin pretreatment attenuated H2O2-induced ROS production. Discussion These results indicate that baicalin exerts protective antioxidant effects on bovine mammary cells. This finding suggests that baicalin could be used to prevent oxidative metabolic disorders in dairy cows.
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Panzuti C, Duvaux-Ponter C, Dessauge F. High feeding level after early weaning had no impact on subsequent milk production in Alpine goats. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1505623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Duvaux-Ponter
- UMR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
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Chanat E, Dessauge F. Technical note: Quantification of caseins from a crude extract of mammary epithelial cells. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:3583-3587. [PMID: 29428746 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
En masse secretion of milk proteins, notably the caseins in the form of casein micelles, is a unique feature of the milk-secreting mammary epithelial cell. Caseins are therefore specific markers of these cells and constitute an ideal tool to monitor their differentiation, as well as functional status, during the development of the gland. To use them as such, a reliable method for quantitative analysis of the caseins from mammary cells or tissue is needed. Here we show that the caseins are heat-stable, a feature that leads to their complete extraction from a complex cellular extract by boiling. This allows for high enrichment and direct analysis of the caseins, even when they are poorly expressed in the starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chanat
- INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France; Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Frédéric Dessauge
- INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France; Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Perruchot MH, Arévalo-Turrubiarte M, Dufreneix F, Finot L, Lollivier V, Chanat E, Mayeur F, Dessauge F. Mammary Epithelial Cell Hierarchy in the Dairy Cow Throughout Lactation. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1407-18. [PMID: 27520504 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasticity of the mammary gland relies on adult mammary stem cells (MaSCs) and their progenitors, which give rise to various populations of mammary epithelial cells (MECs). To face global challenges, an in-depth characterization of milk-producing animal mammary gland plasticity is required, to select more sustainable and robust dairy cows. The identification and characterization of MaSC and their progenitors will also provide innovative tools in veterinary/human medicine regarding mammary tissue damage (carcinogenesis, bacterial infections). This study aimed to determine the dynamics of mammary cell populations throughout a lactation cycle. Using mammary biopsies from primiparous lactating dairy cows at 30, 90, 150, and 250 days of lactation, we phenotyped cell populations by flow cytometry. To investigate cell lineages, we used specific cell-surface markers, including CD49f, CD24, EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule), and CD10. Two cell populations linked to milk production were identified: CD49f(+)/EpCAM(-) (y = 0.88x + 4.42, R(2) = 0.36, P < 0.05) and CD49f(-)/EpCAM(-) (y = -1.15x + 92.44, R(2) = 0.51, P < 0.05) cells. Combining immunostaining analysis, flow cytometry, daily milk production data, and statistical approaches, we defined a stem cell population (CD24(+)/CD49f(+)) and four progenitor cell populations that include bipotent luminal progenitors (CD24(-)/CD49f(+)), lumino-alveolar progenitors (CD24(-)/EpCAM(+)), myoepithelial progenitors (CD24(+)/CD10(-)), and lumino-ductal progenitors (CD49f(-)/EpCAM(+)). Interestingly, we found that the bipotent luminal progenitors (CD24(-)/CD49f(+)) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) during lactation. This study provides the first results of mammary cell lineage, allowing insight into mammary cell plasticity during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laurence Finot
- UMR1348 PEGASE, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA , Saint-Gilles, France
| | | | - Eric Chanat
- UMR1348 PEGASE, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA , Saint-Gilles, France
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Boutinaud M, Isaka N, Lollivier V, Dessauge F, Gandemer E, Lamberton P, De Prado Taranilla A, Deflandre A, Sordillo L. Cabergoline inhibits prolactin secretion and accelerates involution in dairy cows after dry-off. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:5707-5718. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Arévalo Turrubiarte M, Perruchot MH, Finot L, Mayeur F, Dessauge F. Phenotypic and functional characterization of two bovine mammary epithelial cell lines in 2D and 3D models. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C348-56. [PMID: 26659725 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00261.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immortalized bovine mammary epithelial cells (BME-UV1) and immortalized bovine mammary alveolar cells (MAC-T) have been extensively used as in vitro cell models to understand milk production in dairy cows. Precise knowledge about their phenotype and performance remains, however, unknown. This study aims to characterize MAC-T and BME-UV1 profiles when cultured in two-dimensional adherent, three-dimensional adherent (Matrigel), and three-dimensional no adherent [ultralow attachment (ULA)] supports. MAC-T and BME-UV1 were compared according to their proliferation capacities and to specific cell surface markers CD24, CD326 [epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)], CD10, and integrin CD49f (α-6). Cytokeratin (CK14 and CK19), signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, and other proteins (occludin and cadherin-1) were analyzed. BME-UV1 in ULA support expressed higher CD49f marker. A different intensity of CD49 staining allowed the discrimination between the two cell lines in adherent condition. CD10, EpCAM, and CK19 expressions show that BME-UV1 cells have luminal capacity, while MAC-T has a myoepithelial profile with a high expression of CK14. BME-UV1 cells possess a closer committed progenitor profile due to their higher expression in aldehyde dehydrogenase and EpCAM. We observed that BME-UV1 cells have a better capacity to form spherical structures, mammospheres, in Matrigel than MAC-T, which was confirmed by the higher mammosphere area. In the ULA condition, BME-UV1 proliferated over the 6 days of culture. Taken together, our results clearly confirm the BME-UV1 luminal profile and MAC-T ductal/myoepithelial-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Arévalo Turrubiarte
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint-Gilles, France; and Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Perruchot
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint-Gilles, France; and Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Rennes, France
| | - Laurence Finot
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint-Gilles, France; and Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Rennes, France
| | - Frédérique Mayeur
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint-Gilles, France; and Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Dessauge
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint-Gilles, France; and Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Rennes, France
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Yart L, Lollivier V, Finot L, Dupont J, Wiart S, Boutinaud M, Marnet PG, Dessauge F. Changes in mammary secretory tissue during lactation in ovariectomized dairy cows. Steroids 2013; 78:973-81. [PMID: 23811017 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In dairy animals, the milk yield (MY) changes during a lactation and is influenced by several physiological, livestock management and environmental factors. The MY produced by a mammary gland depends on synthetic activity of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) as well as MEC number and mammary secretory tissue organization. It has been suggested that ovarian steroids (estradiol and progesterone) have a negative effect on MY in lactating cows. In a previous study, we showed that the suppression of ovarian secretions by an ovariectomy improved lactation persistency in dairy cows. Here we were interested in the effects of ovariectomy on plasma estradiol and progesterone concentrations and on changes that occur in mammary secretory tissue during lactation. We demonstrated that the ovariectomy of lactating cows at the time of the lactation peak induced a rapid and dramatic drop in plasma progesterone and a smaller reduction in plasma estradiol. Interestingly, the study of the changes in mammary secretory tissue over time revealed that the improvement of MY measured in the ovariectomized cows was associated with a limited increase in estradiol receptivity in MECs, a reduced mammary tissue remodeling and reduced blood protein concentration in milk, in late lactation. These results suggest that ovarian secretions, particularly estradiol and progesterone, act to enhance processes for mammary gland involution in late-lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yart
- INRA, UMR1348 Pegase, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France
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Lacasse P, Lollivier V, Dessauge F, Bruckmaier RM, Ollier S, Boutinaud M. New developments on the galactopoietic role of prolactin in dairy ruminants. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2012; 43:154-60. [PMID: 22281117 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In most mammals, prolactin (PRL) is essential for maintaining lactation and its suppression strongly inhibits lactation. However, the involvement of PRL in the control of ruminant lactation is less clear because inconsistent effects on milk yield have been observed with short-term suppression of PRL by bromocriptine. By contrast, in vitro studies have provided evidence that PRL helps to maintain the differentiation state and act as a survival factor for mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, a series of experiments were conducted to assess the galactopoietic role of PRL. In a first experiment, daily injections of the PRL inhibitor quinagolide reduced milking-induced PRL release and induced a faster decline in milk production. Milk production was correlated with PRL released at milking. Quinagolide reduced mammary cell activity, survival, and proliferation. During the last week of treatments, differential milking (1× vs 2×) was applied. The inhibition of milk production by quinagolide was maintained in the udder half that was milked 2× but not in the udder half milked 1×, suggesting that the response to PRL is modulated at the gland level. In a second experiment, cows were injected with quinagolide, quinagolide + injection of bovine PRL at milking time, or water. As in the first experiment, quinagolide reduced milk, protein, and lactose yields. Although PRL injections at milking time were not sufficient to restore milk yield, they tended to increase milk protein and lactose yields and increased the viability of milk-purified mammary epithelial cells. Recently, we investigated the use of quinagolide at drying off. Treating late-lactation cows with quinagolide decreased milk production within the first day of treatment and induced faster increases in somatic cells and bovine serum albumin content in mammary secretions after drying off, which indicates an acceleration of mammary gland involution. In conclusion, these data, combined with data from other studies, provide a good body of evidence indicating that PRL is galactopoietic in dairy cows. However, the response to PRL appears to be modulated at the mammary gland level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lacasse
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, J1M 0C8 Quebec, Canada.
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Yart L, Dessauge F, Finot L, Barbey S, Marnet P, Lollivier V. Ovariectomy improves lactation persistency in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:3794-802. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Dessauge F, Lollivier V, Ponchon B, Bruckmaier R, Finot L, Wiart S, Cutullic E, Disenhaus C, Barbey S, Boutinaud M. Effects of nutrient restriction on mammary cell turnover and mammary gland remodeling in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:4623-35. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Le Cozler Y, Gallard Y, Dessauge F, Peccatte J, Trommenschlager J, Delaby L. Performance and longevity of dairy heifers born during winter 1 (W1) and reared according to three growth profiles during winter 2 (W2) in a strategy based on first calving at 36months of age. Livest Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dessauge F, Finot L, Wiart S, Aubry JM, Ellis SE. Effects of ovariectomy in prepubertal goats. J Physiol Pharmacol 2009; 60 Suppl 3:127-133. [PMID: 19996493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of ovariectomy on mammary gland development in prepubertal goats and to validate this model to study mammogenesis in young dairy ruminants. In this experiment, 3 months of aged goats were ovariectomized (ovx) while shammed goats played as surgery controls (sham). Thereafter, sham and ovx goats were slaughtered at 7 months of age to provide tissue for the assays. Results demonstrated that proliferation of mammary of mammary epithelial cells was significantly lower in ovariectomized goats compared to control goats. In ovx animal, epithelium structures were completely overstretched and epithelial ducts were undeveloped with limited branching whereas control animals had classical complex arborescent units with multiple round ductules and limited stroma. Concerning ERalpha (estrogen receptor alpha), PR (progesterone receptor) and P450 (aromatase) expression, results showed number of ERalpha, PR and P450 positive cells was higher in shammed goats compared to ovariectomized goats. All this results suggested that goat mammogenesis and ovarian control are similar to prepubertal heifers and that young goats are a good model to study mammary gland development in ruminants. In conclusion, we demonstrated that ovariectomy of prepubertal goats decreased proliferation of mammary epithelial cells with a profound alteration of cell adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dessauge
- INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1080 Dairy Production, Saint Gilles, France.
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Ballagh K, Korn N, Riggs L, Pratt S, Dessauge F, Akers R, Ellis S. Hot Topic: Prepubertal Ovariectomy Alters the Development of Myoepithelial Cells in the Bovine Mammary Gland. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:2992-5. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Dessauge F, Cayla X, Albar JP, Fleischer A, Ghadiri A, Duhamel M, Rebollo A. Identification of PP1alpha as a caspase-9 regulator in IL-2 deprivation-induced apoptosis. J Immunol 2006; 177:2441-51. [PMID: 16888006 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.4.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the mechanisms that regulate cell death is the reversible phosphorylation of proteins. ERK/MAPK phosphorylates caspase-9 at Thr(125), and this phosphorylation is crucial for caspase-9 inhibition. Until now, the phosphatase responsible for Thr(125) dephosphorylation has not been described. Here, we demonstrate that in IL-2-proliferating cells, phosphorylated serine/threonine phosphatase type 1alpha (PP1alpha) associates with phosphorylated caspase-9. IL-2 deprivation induces PP1alpha dephosphorylation, which leads to its activation and, as a consequence, dephosphorylation and activation of caspase-9 and subsequent dissociation of both molecules. In cell-free systems supplemented with ATP caspase-9 activation is induced by addition of cytochrome c and we show that in this process PP1alpha is indispensable for triggering caspase-9 as well as caspase-3 cleavage and activation. Moreover, PP1alpha associates with caspase-9 in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that it is the phosphatase responsible for caspase-9 dephosphorylation and activation. Finally, we describe two novel phosphatase-binding sites different from the previously described PP1alpha consensus motifs, and we demonstrate that these novel sites mediate the interaction of PP1alpha with caspase-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Dessauge
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Unité 543 INSERM, Bâtiment CERVI, 83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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19
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Fleischer A, Ghadiri A, Dessauge F, Duhamel M, Rebollo MP, Alvarez-Franco F, Rebollo A. Modulating apoptosis as a target for effective therapy. Mol Immunol 2006; 43:1065-79. [PMID: 16099509 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in cell proliferation and cell death are essential determinants in the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders or autoimmune diseases among others. Complex networks of regulatory factors determine whether cells proliferate or die. Recent progress in understanding the molecular changes offer the possibility of specifically targeting molecules and pathways to achieve more effective and rational therapies. Drugs that target molecules involved in apoptosis are used as treatment against several diseases. Candidates such as TNF death receptor family, caspase inhibitors, antagonists of the p53-MDM2 interaction, NF-kappaB and PI3K pathways and Bcl-2 family members have been targeted as cancer cell killing agents. Moreover, apoptosis of tumor cells can also be achieved by targeting the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, IAPs, in addition to the classical antiproliferative approach. Disruption of STAT activation and interferon beta therapy have been used as a treatment to prevent the progression of some autoimmune diseases. In models of Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, blocking of Par-4 expression or function, as well as caspase activation, prevents neuronal cell death. Finally, it has been shown that gene therapy may be an encouraging approach for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarne Fleischer
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, U543 INSERM, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Bâtiment CERVI, 83 Bd de 1'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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Guergnon J, Dessauge F, Dominguez V, Viallet J, Bonnefoy S, Yuste VJ, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Cayla X, Rebollo A, Susin SA, Bost PE, Garcia A. Use of penetrating peptides interacting with PP1/PP2A proteins as a general approach for a drug phosphatase technology. Mol Pharmacol 2005; 69:1115-24. [PMID: 16387795 DOI: 10.1124/mol.105.019364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase types 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A) represent two major families of serine/threonine protein phosphatases that have been implicated in the regulation of many cellular processes, including cell growth and apoptosis in mammalian cells. PP1 and PP2A proteins are composed of oligomeric complexes comprising a catalytic structure (PP1c or PP2AC) containing the enzymatic activity and at least one more interacting subunit. The binding of different subunits to a catalytic structure generates a broad variety of holoenzymes. We showed here that casein kinase 2alpha (Ck2alpha) and simian virus 40 small t antigen share a putative common beta-strand structure required for PP2A1 trimeric holoenzyme binding. We have also characterized DPT-sh1, a short basic peptide from Ck2alpha that interacted only in vitro with the PP2A-A subunit and behaves as a nontoxic penetrating shuttle in several cultivated human cell lines and chick embryos. In addition, DPT-sh1 specifically accumulated in human red cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites. We therefore designed bipartite peptides containing DPT-sh1 and PP1- or PP2A-interacting sequences. We found that DPT-5, a DPT-sh1-derived peptide containing a short sequence identified in CD28 antigen, interacts with PP2A-Balpha, and DPT-7, another DPT-sh1-derived peptide containing a short sequence identified in Bad as a PP1 catalytic consensus docking motif, induce apoptosis in cultivated cell lines. These results clearly indicate that the rational design of PP1/PP2A interacting peptides is a pertinent strategy to deregulate intracellular survival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guergnon
- Equipe Phosphatases, Unité de Chimie Organique, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
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Dessauge F, Lizundia R, Langsley G. Constitutively activated CK2 potentially plays a pivotal role in Theileria-induced lymphocyte transformation. Parasitology 2005; 130 Suppl:S37-44. [PMID: 16281991 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182005008140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Activation of casein kinase II (CK2) was one of the first observations made on how Theileria parasites manipulate host cell signal transduction pathways and we argue that CK2 induction may in fact contribute to many of the different activation events that have been described since 1993 for Theileria-infected lymphocytes such as sustained activation of transcription factors c-Myc and NF-κB. CK2 also contributes to infected lymphocyte survival by inhibiting caspase activation and is probably behind constitutive PI3-K activation by phosphorylating PTEN. Finally, we also discuss how CK2A may act not only as a kinase, but also as a stimulatory subunit for the protein phosphatase PP2A, so dampening down the MEK/ERK and Akt/PKB pathways and for all these reasons we propose CK2 as a central player in Theileria-induced lymphocyte transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dessauge
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, UMR 8104 CNRS/U567 INSERM, Département Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Cochin-Bâtiment Gustave Roussy, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
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Dessauge F, Lizundia R, Baumgartner M, Chaussepied M, Langsley G. Taking the Myc is bad for Theileria. Trends Parasitol 2005; 21:377-85. [PMID: 15979941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Revised: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It is commonly acknowledged that intracellular parasites manipulate the survival pathways of the host cells to their own ends. Theileria are masters of this because they invade bovine leukocytes and immortalize them. Host-cell survival depends on the presence of live parasites, and parasite death results in the leukocyte undergoing programmed cell death. The parasite, therefore, activates several anti-apoptotic pathways in host cells to ensure its own survival. In B cells that are infected by Theileria parva, one of the main mechanisms involves the induction of c-Myc and the subsequent activation of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. Activation of Myc might occur in other types of leukocyte that are infected by Theileria and in other host cells that are infected with different parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Dessauge
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, UMR 8104 CNRS/U567 INSERM, Département Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Cochin-Batiment Gustave Roussy, 75014 Paris, France
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Dessauge F, Hilaly S, Baumgartner M, Blumen B, Werling D, Langsley G. c-Myc activation by Theileria parasites promotes survival of infected B-lymphocytes. Oncogene 2005; 24:1075-83. [PMID: 15580287 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Theileria parasites infect and transform bovine lymphocytes, but host cell immortalization is reversible, as upon parasite death the lymphocytes rapidly die of apoptosis. Infection leads to a marked augmentation in the levels of lymphocyte c-Myc, and the parasite achieves this by inducing increased c-myc transcription and by prolonging the half-life of the transcription factor. Reduction in c-Myc turnover can be ascribed to CK2-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factor. A parasite-dependent GM-CSF autocrine loop activates a JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway that contributes to heightened c-myc transcription, and inhibition of the pathway leads to caspase 9 activation and apoptosis that can be directly ascribed to a reduction in c-Myc. An antiapoptotic role for c-Myc was clearly demonstrated by specific inhibition of c-myc expression with antisense oligonucleotides, and this correlates with loss of the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1, and, consistently, ectopic expression of c-Myc abrogates B-cell death induced upon JAK2 inhibition. Thus, Theileria parasites ensure the survival of their host lymphocytes via specific activation of c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Dessauge
- Laboratoire de Signalisation Immunoparasitaire, CNRS URA CNRS 2581, Département de Parasitologie, Institut Pasteur, Batiment Elie Metchnikoff, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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Fleischer A, Ghadiri A, Dessauge F, Duhamel M, Cayla X, Garcia A, Rebollo A. Bad-dependent rafts alteration is a consequence of an early intracellular signal triggered by interleukin-4 deprivation. Mol Cancer Res 2004; 2:674-84. [PMID: 15634756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Many molecules are inducibly localized in lipid rafts, and their alteration inhibits early activation events, supporting a critical role for these domains in signaling. Using confocal microscopy and cellular fractionation, we have shown that the pool of Bad, attached to lipid rafts in proliferating cells, is released when cells undergo apoptosis. Kinetic studies indicate that rafts alteration is a consequence of an intracellular signal triggered by interleukin-4 deprivation. Growth factor deprivation in turn induces PP1alpha phosphatase activation, responsible for cytoplasmic Bad dephosphorylation as well as caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. Caspases translocate to rafts and induce their modification followed by translocation of Bad from rafts to mitochondria, which correlates with apoptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that alteration of lipid rafts is an early event in the apoptotic cascade indirectly induced by interleukin-4 deprivation via PP1alpha activation, dephosphorylation of cytoplasmic Bad, and caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarne Fleischer
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U543, Hôpital Pitié Salpetrière, Bâtiment CERVI, 83, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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Guergnon J, Dessauge F, Langsley G, Garcia A. Apoptosis of Theileria-infected lymphocytes induced upon parasite death involves activation of caspases 9 and 3. Biochimie 2004; 85:771-6. [PMID: 14585544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2003.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular parasite Theileria parva (T. parva) can infect bovine B and T-lymphocytes. T. parva-infected cells become transformed, and they survive and proliferate independently of exogenous growth factors. In vivo the uncontrolled cellular proliferation associated with lymphocyte transformation underlies the pathogenesis of the disease called East Coast Fever. The transformed state of parasitised cells can be reversed upon elimination of the parasite by specific theilericide drugs. In this study we found that elimination of the parasite by buparvaquone induces apoptosis of transformed B and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes. Apoptosis is accompanied by the activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3 and processing of poly(ADP ribose) polymerase and is inhibited by Z-VAD a general caspase inhibitor. Based on these observations, we propose that the lack of activation of a caspase 9 > caspase 3 > poly(ADP ribose) polymerase pathway is important and protects T. parva-transformed cells from spontaneous apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guergnon
- Département de Parasitologie, URA CNRS 2581, Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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Roué G, Bitton N, Yuste VJ, Montange T, Rubio M, Dessauge F, Delettre C, Merle-Béral H, Sarfati M, Susin SA. Mitochondrial dysfunction in CD47-mediated caspase-independent cell death: ROS production in the absence of cytochrome c and AIF release. Biochimie 2003; 85:741-6. [PMID: 14585540 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(03)00129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ligation of CD47 by its natural ligand thrombospondin (TSP), or cross-linking by CD47 antibodies, triggers caspase-independent cell death in normal and leukemic cells. This kind of cell death is characterised by the cytoplasmic events of apoptosis including externalisation of phosphatidylserines and mitochondria swelling. We report herein selective mitochondrial changes in CD47-dependent cell death of T cells. After T cell stimulation via CD47, a rapid mitochondrial transmembrane potential (deltapsi(m)) disruption is accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphatidylserine exposure. Surprisingly, mitochondrial dysfunction does not induce cytochrome c or AIF release. Moreover, the dying cells do not exhibit caspase-3 activation and display intact nuclei without any large-scale, or oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. We conclude that DeltaPsi(m) loss and ROS production are an early step in CD47-dependent killing and neither cytochrome c, nor AIF are implicated in this new cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Roué
- Groupe apoptose et système immunitaire, CNRS-URA 1961, Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
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Garcia A, Cayla X, Guergnon J, Dessauge F, Hospital V, Rebollo MP, Fleischer A, Rebollo A. Serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A are key players in apoptosis. Biochimie 2003; 85:721-6. [PMID: 14585537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2003.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The reversible phosphorylation of proteins controlled by protein kinases and protein phosphatases is a major mechanism that regulates a wide variety of cellular processes. In contrast to C. elegans, recent studies in mammalian cells have highlighted a major role of serine/threonine protein phosphorylation in apoptosis. To illustrate the importance of dephosphorylation processes in apoptosis, this review will focus on recent studies suggesting that the interaction of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) with certain regulators of the Bcl-2 family is critically involved in the control of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphonse Garcia
- URA CNRS 2581, Département de Parasitologie, Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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