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Alexander WB, Wang W, Hill MA, O'Dell MR, Ruffolo LI, Guo B, Jackson KM, Ullman N, Friedland SC, McCall MN, Patel A, Figueroa-Guilliani N, Georger M, Belt BA, Whitney-Miller CL, Linehan DC, Murphy PJ, Hezel AF. Smad4 restricts injury-provoked biliary proliferation and carcinogenesis. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050358. [PMID: 38415925 PMCID: PMC10924230 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly and heterogeneous type of cancer characterized by a spectrum of epidemiologic associations as well as genetic and epigenetic alterations. We seek to understand how these features inter-relate in the earliest phase of cancer development and through the course of disease progression. For this, we studied murine models of liver injury integrating the most commonly occurring gene mutations of CCA - including Kras, Tp53, Arid1a and Smad4 - as well as murine hepatobiliary cancer models and derived primary cell lines based on these mutations. Among commonly mutated genes in CCA, we found that Smad4 functions uniquely to restrict reactive cholangiocyte expansion to liver injury through restraint of the proliferative response. Inactivation of Smad4 accelerates carcinogenesis, provoking pre-neoplastic biliary lesions and CCA development in an injury setting. Expression analyses of Smad4-perturbed reactive cholangiocytes and CCA lines demonstrated shared enriched pathways, including cell-cycle regulation, MYC signaling and oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting that Smad4 may act via these mechanisms to regulate cholangiocyte proliferation and progression to CCA. Overall, we showed that TGFβ/SMAD4 signaling serves as a critical barrier restraining cholangiocyte expansion and malignant transformation in states of biliary injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B. Alexander
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Margaret A. Hill
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Michael R. O'Dell
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Luis I. Ruffolo
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Katherine M. Jackson
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Nicholas Ullman
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Scott C. Friedland
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Matthew N. McCall
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ankit Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | - Mary Georger
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Brian A. Belt
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Christa L. Whitney-Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - David C. Linehan
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Patrick J. Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Aram F. Hezel
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Lee CH, Hsu KW, Hsieh YY, Li WT, Long Y, Lin CY, Chen SH. Unveiling IL6R and MYC as Targeting Biomarkers in Imatinib-Resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia through Advanced Non-Invasive Apoptosis Detection Sensor Version 2 Detection. Cells 2024; 13:616. [PMID: 38607055 PMCID: PMC11011921 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The management of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has seen significant progress with the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), particularly Imatinib. However, a notable proportion of CML patients develop resistance to Imatinib, often due to the persistence of leukemia stem cells and resistance mechanisms independent of BCR::ABL1 This study investigates the roles of IL6R, IL7R, and MYC in Imatinib resistance by employing CRISPR/Cas9 for gene editing and the Non-Invasive Apoptosis Detection Sensor version 2 (NIADS v2) for apoptosis assessment. The results indicate that Imatinib-resistant K562 cells (K562-IR) predominantly express IL6R, IL7R, and MYC, with IL6R and MYC playing crucial roles in cell survival and sensitivity to Imatinib. Conversely, IL7R does not significantly impact cytotoxicity, either alone or in combination with Imatinib. Further genetic editing experiments confirm the protective functions of IL6R and MYC in K562-IR cells, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for overcoming Imatinib resistance in CML. This study contributes to understanding the mechanisms of Imatinib resistance in CML, proposing IL6R and MYC as pivotal targets for therapeutic strategies. Moreover, the utilization of NIADS v2 enhances our capability to analyze apoptosis and drug responses, contributing to a deeper understanding of CML pathogenesis and treatment options.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Interleukin-6
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hwa Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Medicine Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan;
| | - Kai-Wen Hsu
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan;
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Li
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Yuqing Long
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK;
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan;
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huey Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
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3
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Teng CLJ, Cheng PT, Cheng YC, Tsai JR, Chen MC, Lin H. Dinaciclib inhibits the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells through either cell cycle-related or ERK1/STAT3/MYC pathways. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 96:105768. [PMID: 38135130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Although immature differentiation and uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells are thought to be the primary mechanisms of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the pathophysiology in most cases remains unclear. Dinaciclib, a selective small molecule targeting multiple cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), is currently being evaluated in oncological clinical trials. Despite the proven anticancer potential of dinaciclib, the differential molecular mechanisms by which it inhibits the growth of different AML cell lines remain unclear. In the current study, we treated HL-60 and KG-1 AML cell lines with dinaciclib and investigated the potential mechanisms of dinaciclib-induced AML cell growth inhibition using flow cytometry and western blotting assays. Data from HL-60 and KG-1 AML cells were validated using human primary AML cells. The results showed that the growth inhibitory effect of dinaciclib was more sensitive in HL-60 cells (IC50: 8.46 nM) than in KG-1 cells (IC50: 14.37 nM). The protein decline in Cyclin A/B and CDK1 and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase were more profound in HL-60 cells, corresponding to its growth inhibition. Although the growth inhibition of KG-1 cells by dinaciclib was still pronounced, the cell cycle-associated proteins were relatively insensitive. In addition to cell cycle regulation, the activation/expression of ERK1/STAT3/MYC signaling was significantly reduced by dinaciclib in KG-1 cells compared with that in HL-60 cells. Regarding the results of primary AML cells, we observed ERK1/STAT3/MYC inhibition and cell cycle regulation in different patients. These findings suggest that the cell cycle-associated and ERK1/STAT3/MYC signaling pathways might be two distinct mechanisms by which dinaciclib inhibits AML cells, which could facilitate the development of combination therapy for AML in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Ting Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rung Tsai
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chih Chen
- Translational Cell Therapy Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Cai JH, Yang DY, Zhang JJ, Tan JH, Huang ZS, Chen SB. Constructing triazole-modified quinazoline derivatives as selective c-MYC G-quadruplex ligands and potent anticancer agents through click chemistry. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107173. [PMID: 38335759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
c-MYC is a hallmark of various cancers, playing a critical role in promoting tumorigenesis. The formation of G-quadruplex (G4) in the c-MYC promoter region significantly suppresses its expression. Therefore, developing small-molecule ligands to stabilize c-MYC G4 formation and subsequentially suppress c-MYC expression is an attractive topic for c-MYC-driven cancer therapy. However, achieving selective ligands for c-MYC G4 poses challenges. In this study, we developed a series of triazole-modified quinazoline (TMQ) derivatives as potential c-MYC G4 ligands and c-MYC transcription inhibitors from 4-anilinoquinazoline lead 7a using click chemistry. Importantly, the c-MYC G4 stabilizing ability and antiproliferation activity were well correlated among these new derivatives, particularly in the c-MYC highly expressed colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. Among them, compound A6 exhibited good selectivity in stabilizing c-MYC G4 and in suppressing c-MYC transcription better than 7a. This compound induced G4 formation, selectively inhibited G4-related c-MYC transcription and suppressed the progression of HCT116 cells. These findings identify a new c-MYC transcription inhibitor and provide new insights for optimizing c-MYC G4-targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong-Heng Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan-Yan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shuo-Bin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zhang Y, Kong Y, Zhang W, He J, Zhang Z, Cai Y, Zhao Y, Xu Q. METTL3 promotes osteoblast ribosome biogenesis and alleviates periodontitis. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:18. [PMID: 38267969 PMCID: PMC10809637 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a highly prevalent oral disease characterized by bacterium-induced periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone destruction. Osteoblast function is impaired in periodontitis with a global proteome change. METTL3 is the pivotal methyltransferase of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) that is recently proved to exert a crucial role in osteoblast differentiation. This study aims to investigate the role of METTL3 in osteoblast ribosome biogenesis in periodontitis progression. RESULTS METTL3 was knocked down in osteoblasts, and the downregulated genes were enriched in ribosome and translation. METTL3 knockdown inhibited ribosome biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated osteoblasts, whereas METTL3 overexpression facilitated ribosomal and mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, METTL3 mediated osteoblast biological behaviors by activating Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling. METTL3 depletion enhanced the mRNA expression and stability of Dkk3 and Sostdc1 via YTHDF2. In periodontitis mice, METTL3 inhibitor SAH promoted alveolar bone loss and local inflammatory status, which were partially rescued by Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator CHIR-99021 HCl. CONCLUSIONS METTL3 promoted ribosome biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation by activating Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling in LPS-treated osteoblasts and alleviated the inflammatory alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yiping Kong
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Jinlin He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Zhanqi Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yongjie Cai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yiqing Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
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Shao R, Liu C, Xue R, Deng X, Liu L, Song C, Xie J, Tang H, Liu W. Tumor-derived Exosomal ENO2 Modulates Polarization of Tumor-associated Macrophages through Reprogramming Glycolysis to Promote Progression of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:848-863. [PMID: 38250157 PMCID: PMC10797692 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages can be polarized into functional classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) phenotype. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) mainly exhibit M2 phenotype. Previous works determined that up-regulation of enolase 2 (ENO2) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells can promote macrophages to an M2-like phenotype, thereby consequently promoting the progression of DLBCL. Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles, carrying various bioactive molecules, mediate signals transduction and regulate immune cells. In our study, we investigated the role and related mechanisms of DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 in regulating macrophage polarization during DLBCL progression via bioinformatics analysis and a series of experiments. The results of bioinformatics analysis indicated that high expression of ENO2 was positively correlated with DLBCL progression and macrophages M2/M1 ratio. ENO2 protein levels were increased in the exosomes of the sera of DLBCL patients and DLBCL cells. Moreover, the DLBCL-derived exosomes were assimilated by macrophages and then regulated macrophage polarization. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 modulated macrophages polarization (increased M2 phenotype and decreased M1 phenotype), thereby promoting DLBCL proliferation, migration, and invasion. We then revealed that the modulation of macrophages polarization by DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 depended on glycolysis and was promoted through GSK3β/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway. These findings suggested that DLBCL-derived exosomal ENO2 accelerated glycolysis via GSK3β/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway to ultimately promote macrophages to an M2-like phenotype, which can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of DLBCL, suggesting that exosomal ENO2 may be a promising therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
| | - Ruifeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Lingrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Cailu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jindong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
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Katz LS, Brill G, Wang P, Lambertini L, Zhang P, Haldeman JM, Liu H, Newgard CB, Stewart AF, Garcia-Ocaña A, Scott DK. Transcriptional activation of the Myc gene by glucose in β-cells requires a ChREBP-dependent 3-D chromatin interaction between the Myc and Pvt1 genes. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101848. [PMID: 38042369 PMCID: PMC10714240 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE All forms of diabetes result from insufficient functional β-cell mass. Thus, achieving the therapeutic goal of expanding β-cell mass requires a better mechanistic understanding of how β-cells proliferate. Glucose is a natural β-cell mitogen that mediates its effects in part through the glucose-responsive transcription factor, carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) and the anabolic transcription factor, MYC. However, mechanistic details by which glucose activates Myc at the transcriptional level are poorly understood. METHODS Here, siRNA was used to test the role of ChREBP in the glucose response of MYC, ChIP and ChIPseq to identify potential regulatory binding sites, chromatin conformation capture to identify DNA/DNA interactions, and an adenovirus was constructed to expresses x-dCas9 and an sgRNA that specifically disrupts the recruitment of ChREBP to a specific targeted ChoRE. RESULTS We found that ChREBP is essential for glucose-mediated transcriptional induction of Myc, and for increases in Myc mRNA and protein abundance. Further, ChIPseq revealed that the carbohydrate response element (ChoRE) nearest to the Myc transcriptional start site (TSS) is immediately upstream of the gene encoding the lncRNA, Pvt1, 60,000 bp downstream of the Myc gene. Chromatin Conformation Capture (3C) confirmed a glucose-dependent interaction between these two sites. Transduction with an adenovirus expressing x-dCas9 and an sgRNA specifically targeting the highly conserved Pvt1 ChoRE, attenuates ChREBP recruitment, decreases Myc-Pvt1 DNA/DNA interaction, and decreases expression of the Pvt1 and Myc genes in response to glucose. Importantly, isolated and dispersed rat islet cells transduced with the ChoRE-disrupting adenovirus also display specific decreases in ChREBP-dependent, glucose-mediated expression of Pvt1 and Myc, as well as decreased glucose-stimulated β-cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The mitogenic glucose response of Myc is mediated via glucose-dependent recruitment of ChREBP to the promoter of the Pvt1 gene and subsequent DNA looping with the Myc promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gabriel Brill
- Pharmacologic Sciences Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA(5)
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Pili Zhang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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8
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Liu J, Sun T, Yin L. ZMIZ1 Upregulation of TET3-Mediated Hydroxymethylation Induces M2 Polarization of Kupffer Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis by Mediating Notch1/c-Myc Signaling. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100264. [PMID: 37839636 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxymethylation of DNA, mediated by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of methylcytosine dioxygenases, represents a crucial epigenetic modification that manipulates gene expression in numerous biological processes. This study focuses on the effect of TET3 on the polarization of Kupffer cells (KCs) and its connection to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TET3 was found to be abundant in KCs, and its knockdown induced an M2-M1 phenotype shift, resulting in the suppression of viability, migration, and invasion of cocultured HCC cells. Additionally, the TET3 knockdown inhibited the tumorigenesis of HCC cells in nude mice. Downstream targets of TET3 were predicted using bioinformatics. TET3-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation of zinc finger MIZ-type containing 1 (ZMIZ1) promoter. The ZMIZ1 protein interacted with notch receptor 1 (Notch1) protein to activate the transcription of c-Myc. Silencing of ZMIZ1 in KCs similarly suppressed M2 polarization of KCs and malignant phenotype of cocultured HCC cells. However, these changes were counteracted by the overexpression of either Notch1 or c-Myc overexpression in KCs. In summary, this study demonstrates that TET3-mediated hydroxymethylation of ZMIZ1 enhances hepatocellular carcinogenesis by promoting M2 skewing of KCs through the Notch1/c-Myc axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Linan Yin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China.
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9
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Pranteda A, Piastra V, Serra M, Bernardini R, Lo Sardo F, Carpano S, Diodoro MG, Bartolazzi A, Milella M, Blandino G, Bossi G. Activated MKK3/MYC crosstalk impairs dabrafenib response in BRAFV600E colorectal cancer leading to resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115480. [PMID: 37713993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with BRAF mutations develop resistance to BRAF inhibitors at a very early stage. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in BRAF inhibitor resistance is critical for the development of novel therapeutic opportunities for this subtype of CRC patients. CRC cells bearing BRAF mutations are mostly sensitive to the abrogation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 3 (MKK3), a specific activator of p38MAPKs signaling, suggesting that BRAF alterations might addict CRC cells to the MKK3/p38MAPK signaling. Interestingly, publicly available gene expression profiling data show significantly higher MKK3 transcript levels in CRC lines with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Herein, we investigated the roles of MKK3 in the response to BRAF targeting (dabrafenib) with COLO205 and HT29 BRAFV600E CRC lines and derived dabrafenib-resistant (DABR) sublines. Dabrafenib treatments reduce MKK3 activation by inducing autophagy in parental but not DABR cells. The MKK3 knockdown induces cell death in DABR cells, whereas ectopic MKK3 expression reduces dabrafenib sensitivity in parental cells. Mechanistically, activated MKK3 interacts and co-localizes with c-Myc oncoprotein (MYC), sustaining MYC protein stability and thus preventing the dabrafenib induced effects in CRC DABR cells both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, we identify a novel molecular mechanism beyond the dabrafenib resistance, shedding light on an uncovered vulnerability for the development of novel therapeutic opportunities in BRAFV600E CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Pranteda
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; Department of Science, University Roma TRE, Viale G. Marconi, 446 I, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Piastra
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; Department of Science, University Roma TRE, Viale G. Marconi, 446 I, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Serra
- Interdepartmental Centre for Comparative Medicine, Alternative Techniques and Aquaculture (CIMETA), University of Rome "Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernardini
- Interdepartmental Centre for Comparative Medicine, Alternative Techniques and Aquaculture (CIMETA), University of Rome "Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Center for Research and Services "Preclinical Experimentation and Animal Welfare" (SPBA), University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Sardo
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Carpano
- Second Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- UOC of Oncology, Verona University and Hospital Trust (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata-AOUI-Verona), Piazzale Aristide Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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10
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Pereira RS, Kumar R, Cais A, Paulini L, Kahler A, Bravo J, Minciacchi VR, Krack T, Kowarz E, Zanetti C, Godavarthy PS, Hoeller F, Llavona P, Stark T, Tascher G, Nowak D, Meduri E, Huntly BJP, Münch C, Pampaloni F, Marschalek R, Krause DS. Distinct and targetable role of calcium-sensing receptor in leukaemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6242. [PMID: 37802982 PMCID: PMC10558580 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM), where they respond to extracellular calcium [eCa2+] via the G-protein coupled calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Here we show that a calcium gradient exists in this BMM, and that [eCa2+] and response to [eCa2+] differ between leukaemias. CaSR influences the location of MLL-AF9+ acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells within this niche and differentially impacts MLL-AF9+ AML versus BCR-ABL1+ leukaemias. Deficiency of CaSR reduces AML leukaemic stem cells (LSC) 6.5-fold. CaSR interacts with filamin A, a crosslinker of actin filaments, affects stemness-associated factors and modulates pERK, β-catenin and c-MYC signaling and intracellular levels of [Ca2+] in MLL-AF9+ AML cells. Combination treatment of cytarabine plus CaSR-inhibition in various models may be superior to cytarabine alone. Our studies suggest CaSR to be a differential and targetable factor in leukaemia progression influencing self-renewal of AML LSC via [eCa2+] cues from the BMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Pereira
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alessia Cais
- Pediatric Neurooncology, Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lara Paulini
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alisa Kahler
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jimena Bravo
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Valentina R Minciacchi
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Theresa Krack
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eric Kowarz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Costanza Zanetti
- University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Hoeller
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pablo Llavona
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Tabea Stark
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Tascher
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Nowak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eshwar Meduri
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brian J P Huntly
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS, CEF-MC), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniela S Krause
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany.
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11
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Aguirre M, Escobar M, Forero Amézquita S, Cubillos D, Rincón C, Vanegas P, Tarazona MP, Atuesta Escobar S, Blanco JC, Celis LG. Application of the Yamanaka Transcription Factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc from the Laboratory to the Clinic. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1697. [PMID: 37761837 PMCID: PMC10531188 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc enable the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent cells. Reprogramming generates newly differentiated cells for potential therapies in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and rejuvenation processes. In cancer therapies, these transcription factors lead to a reduction in the size and aggressiveness of certain tumors, such as sarcomas, and in neurodegenerative diseases, they enable the production of dopaminergic cells in Parkinson's disease, the replacement of affected neuronal cells in olivopontocerebellar atrophy, and the regeneration of the optic nerve. However, there are limitations, such as an increased risk of cancer development when using Klf4 and c-Myc and the occurrence of abnormal dyskinesias in the medium term, possibly generated by the uncontrolled growth of differentiated dopaminergic cells and the impairment of the survival of the new cells. Therefore, the Yamanaka transcription factors have shown therapeutic potential through cell reprogramming for some carcinomas, neurodegenerative diseases, and rejuvenation. However, the limitations found in the studies require further investigation before the use of these transcription factors in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Aguirre
- Department of Genetics, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali 760026, Colombia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
| | - Manuela Escobar
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | | | - David Cubillos
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - Camilo Rincón
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - Paula Vanegas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - María Paula Tarazona
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - Sofía Atuesta Escobar
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - Juan Camilo Blanco
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - Luis Gustavo Celis
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía 250001, Colombia
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12
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Arabkari V, Sultana A, Barua D, Webber M, Smith T, Gupta A, Gupta S. UPR-Induced miR-616 Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Migration by Targeting c-MYC. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13034. [PMID: 37685841 PMCID: PMC10487498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), also known as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153), belongs to the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family. CHOP expression is induced by unfolded protein response (UPR), and sustained CHOP activation acts as a pivotal trigger for ER stress-induced apoptosis. MicroRNA-616 is located within an intron of the CHOP gene. However, the regulation of miR-616 expression during UPR and its function in breast cancer is not clearly understood. Here we show that the expression of miR-616 and CHOP (host gene of miR-616) is downregulated in human breast cancer. Both miR-5p/-3p arms of miR-616 are expressed with levels of the 5p arm higher than the 3p arm. During conditions of ER stress, the expression of miR-616-5p and miR-616-3p arms was concordantly increased primarily through the PERK pathway. Our results show that ectopic expression of miR-616 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, whereas knockout of miR-616 increased it. We found that miR-616 represses c-MYC expression via binding sites located in its protein coding region. Furthermore, we show that miR-616 exerted growth inhibitory effects on cells by suppressing c-MYC expression. Our results establish a new role for the CHOP locus by providing evidence that miR-616 can inhibit cell proliferation by targeting c-MYC. In summary, our results suggest a dual function for the CHOP locus, where CHOP protein and miR-616 can cooperate to inhibit cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Arabkari
- Discipline of Pathology, Cancer Progression and Treatment Research Group, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (V.A.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Afrin Sultana
- Discipline of Pathology, Cancer Progression and Treatment Research Group, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (V.A.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
| | - David Barua
- Discipline of Pathology, Cancer Progression and Treatment Research Group, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (V.A.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Mark Webber
- Discipline of Pathology, Cancer Progression and Treatment Research Group, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (V.A.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Terry Smith
- Molecular Diagnostic Research Group, College of Science, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Ananya Gupta
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Discipline of Pathology, Cancer Progression and Treatment Research Group, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (V.A.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
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13
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Liu C, Jiang K, Ding Y, Yang A, Cai R, Bai P, Xiong M, Fu C, Quan M, Xiong Z, Deng Y, Tian R, Wu C, Sun Y. Kindlin-2 enhances c-Myc translation through association with DDX3X to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression. Theranostics 2023; 13:4333-4355. [PMID: 37649609 PMCID: PMC10465218 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive solid tumor, with extremely low survival rates. Identifying key signaling pathways driving PDAC progression is crucial for the development of therapies to improve patient response rates. Kindlin-2, a multi-functional protein, is involved in numerous biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. However, little is known about the functions of Kindlin-2 in pancreatic cancer progression in vivo. Methods: In this study, we employ an in vivo PDAC mouse model to directly investigate the role of Kindlin-2 in PDAC progression. Then, we utilized RNA-sequencing, the molecular and cellular assays to determine the molecular mechanisms by which Kindlin-2 promotes PDAC progression. Results: We show that loss of Kindlin-2 markedly inhibits KrasG12D-driven pancreatic cancer progression in vivo as well as in vitro. Furthermore, we provide new mechanistic insight into how Kindlin-2 functions in this process, A fraction of Kindlin-2 was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and associated with the RNA helicase DDX3X, a key regulator of mRNA translation. Loss of Kindlin-2 blocked DDX3X from binding to the 5'-untranslated region of c-Myc and inhibited DDX3X-mediated c-Myc translation, leading to reduced c-Myc-mediated glucose metabolism and tumor growth. Importantly, restoration of the expression of either the full-length Kindlin-2 or c-Myc, but not that of a DDX3X-binding-defective mutant of Kindlin-2, in Kindlin-2 deficient PDAC cells, reversed the inhibition of glycolysis and pancreatic cancer progression induced by the loss of Kindlin-2. Conclusion: Our studies reveal a novel Kindlin-2-DDX3X-c-Myc signaling axis in PDAC progression and suggest that inhibition of this signaling axis may provide a promising therapeutic approach to alleviate PDAC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmin Liu
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanyan Ding
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Aihua Yang
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Renwei Cai
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Panzhu Bai
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minggang Xiong
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Meiling Quan
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zailin Xiong
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yi Deng
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of System Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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14
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Celikkaya B, Durak T, Farooqi AA, Inci K, Tokgun PE, Tokgun O. The effects of MYC on exosomes derived from cancer cells in the context of breast cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:65-75. [PMID: 37118982 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
MYC amplification and overexpression in breast cancer occur 16% and 22%, respectively, and MYC has a linchpin role in breast carcinogenesis. Emerging evidence has started to shed light on central role of MYC in breast cancer progression. On the contrary, tumor-derived exosomes and their cargo molecules are required for the modulation of the tumor environment and to promote carcinogenesis. Still, how MYC regulates tumor-derived exosomes is still a matter of investigation in the context of breast cancer. Here, we investigated for the first time how MYC affects the biological functions of normal breast cells cocultured with exosomes derived from MYC-expression manipulated breast cancer cells. Accordingly, exosomes were isolated from MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells that MYC expression was manipulated through siRNAs or lentiviral vectors by using exosome isolation reagent. Then, normal breast epithelial MCF-10A cells were treated with breast cancer cell-derived exosomes. The cellular activity of MCF-10A was investigated by cell growth assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay. Our results suggested that MCF-10A cells treated with exosomes derived from MYC-overexpressing breast cancer cells demonstrated higher proliferation and migration capability compared with nontreated cells. Likewise, MCF-10A cells treated with exosomes derived from MYC-silenced cancer cells did not show high proliferation and invasive capacity. Overall, MYC can drive the functions of exosomes secreted from breast cancer cells. This may allow exploring a new mechanism how tumor cells regulate cancer progression and modulate tumor environment. The present study clears the way for further researches as in vivo studies and multi-omics that clarify exosomal content in an MYC-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Celikkaya
- Department of Cancer Molecular Biology, Institution of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Taner Durak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of MedicinePamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Kubilay Inci
- Department of Cancer Molecular Biology, Institution of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Pervin Elvan Tokgun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of MedicinePamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Onur Tokgun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of MedicinePamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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15
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Mainwaring OJ, Weishaupt H, Zhao M, Rosén G, Borgenvik A, Breinschmid L, Verbaan AD, Richardson S, Thompson D, Clifford SC, Hill RM, Annusver K, Sundström A, Holmberg KO, Kasper M, Hutter S, Swartling FJ. ARF suppression by MYC but not MYCN confers increased malignancy of aggressive pediatric brain tumors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1221. [PMID: 36869047 PMCID: PMC9984535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, often harbors MYC amplifications. Compared to high-grade gliomas, MYC-amplified medulloblastomas often show increased photoreceptor activity and arise in the presence of a functional ARF/p53 suppressor pathway. Here, we generate an immunocompetent transgenic mouse model with regulatable MYC that develop clonal tumors that molecularly resemble photoreceptor-positive Group 3 medulloblastoma. Compared to MYCN-expressing brain tumors driven from the same promoter, pronounced ARF silencing is present in our MYC-expressing model and in human medulloblastoma. While partial Arf suppression causes increased malignancy in MYCN-expressing tumors, complete Arf depletion promotes photoreceptor-negative high-grade glioma formation. Computational models and clinical data further identify drugs targeting MYC-driven tumors with a suppressed but functional ARF pathway. We show that the HSP90 inhibitor, Onalespib, significantly targets MYC-driven but not MYCN-driven tumors in an ARF-dependent manner. The treatment increases cell death in synergy with cisplatin and demonstrates potential for targeting MYC-driven medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Mainwaring
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holger Weishaupt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Rosén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Borgenvik
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Laura Breinschmid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annemieke D Verbaan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stacey Richardson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Dean Thompson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Steven C Clifford
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Rebecca M Hill
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Karl Annusver
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Sundström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl O Holmberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Kasper
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonja Hutter
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik J Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Melchor J, Garcia-Lacarte M, Grijalba SC, Arnaiz-Leché A, Pascual M, Panizo C, Blanco O, Segura V, Novo FJ, Valero JG, Pérez-Galán P, Martinez-Climent JA, Roa S. Venetoclax improves CD20 immunotherapy in a mouse model of MYC/BCL2 double-expressor diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006113. [PMID: 36854569 PMCID: PMC9980368 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately one-third of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients exhibit co-expression of MYC and BCL2 (double-expressor lymphoma, DEL) and have a dismal prognosis. Targeted inhibition of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 with venetoclax (ABT-199) has been approved in multiple B-cell malignancies and is currently being investigated in clinical trials for DLBCL. Whether BCL2 anti-apoptotic function represents a multifaceted vulnerability for DEL-DLBCL, affecting both lymphoma B cells and T cells within the tumor microenvironment, remains to be elucidated. METHODS Here, we present novel genetically engineered mice that preclinically recapitulate DEL-DLBCL lymphomagenesis, and evaluate their sensitivity ex vivo and in vivo to the promising combination of venetoclax with anti-CD20-based standard immunotherapy. RESULTS Venetoclax treatment demonstrated specific killing of MYC+/BCL2+ lymphoma cells by licensing their intrinsically primed apoptosis, and showed previously unrecognized immunomodulatory activity by specifically enriching antigen-activated effector CD8 T cells infiltrating the tumors. Whereas DEL-DLBCL mice were refractory to venetoclax alone, inhibition of BCL2 significantly extended overall survival of mice that were simultaneously treated with a murine surrogate for anti-CD20 rituximab. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the combination of anti-CD20-based immunotherapy and BCL2 inhibition leads to cooperative immunomodulatory effects and improved preclinical responses, which may offer promising therapeutic opportunities for DEL-DLBCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Melchor
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Lacarte
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara C Grijalba
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adrián Arnaiz-Leché
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marién Pascual
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Panizo
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Current address: Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Oscar Blanco
- Department of Pathology, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Victor Segura
- Bio-informatic Unit, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Current address: Data Intelligence Unit, Techedge Spain, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Novo
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Garcia Valero
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez-Galán
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Martinez-Climent
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Roa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Goyal G, Magnusson T, Wang X, Roose J, Narkhede M, Seymour E. Modern real-world patterns of care and clinical outcomes among patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large-B cell lymphoma with or without double/triple-hit status in the United States. Haematologica 2022; 108:1190-1195. [PMID: 36453108 PMCID: PMC10071129 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.281461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Goyal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
| | - Tylan Magnusson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | | | - Mayur Narkhede
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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18
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Crater JM, Nixon DF, Furler O’Brien RL. HIV-1 replication and latency are balanced by mTOR-driven cell metabolism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1068436. [PMID: 36467738 PMCID: PMC9712982 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1068436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) relies on host cell metabolism for all aspects of viral replication. Efficient HIV-1 entry, reverse transcription, and integration occurs in activated T cells because HIV-1 proteins co-opt host metabolic pathways to fuel the anabolic requirements of virion production. The HIV-1 viral life cycle is especially dependent on mTOR, which drives signaling and metabolic pathways required for viral entry, replication, and latency. As a central regulator of host cell metabolism, mTOR and its downstream effectors help to regulate the expression of enzymes within the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways along with other metabolic pathways regulating amino acid uptake, lipid metabolism, and autophagy. In HIV-1 pathogenesis, mTOR, in addition to HIF-1α and Myc signaling pathways, alter host cell metabolism to create an optimal environment for viral replication. Increased glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway activity are required in the early stages of the viral life cycle, such as providing sufficient dNTPs for reverse transcription. In later stages, fatty acid synthesis is required for creating cholesterol and membrane lipids required for viral budding. Epigenetics of the provirus fueled by metabolism and mTOR signaling likewise controls active and latent infection. Acetyl-CoA and methyl group abundance, supplied by the TCA cycle and amino acid uptake respectively, may regulate latent infection and reactivation. Thus, understanding and exploring new connections between cellular metabolism and HIV-1 pathogenesis may yield new insights into the latent viral reservoirs and fuel novel treatments and cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert L. Furler O’Brien
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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19
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Hinds JW, Feris EJ, Wilkins OM, Deary LT, Wang X, Cole MD. S146L in MYC is a context-dependent activating substitution in cancer development. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272771. [PMID: 36018850 PMCID: PMC9417018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MYC is one of the most dysregulated oncogenes and is thought to be fundamental to tumor formation and/or maintenance in many cancer types. This dominant pro-tumor activity makes MYC an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, MYC is a transcription factor lacking enzymatic activity, and the structure of one of its two domains is unknown e.g., its transactivation domain. Consequently, few direct MYC-targeting therapies have been developed, and none have been successful in the clinic. Nevertheless, significant effort has been devoted to understanding the mechanisms of oncogenic MYC activity with the objective of uncovering novel vulnerabilities of MYC-dependent cancers. These extensive investigations have revealed in detail how MYC translocation, amplification, and other upstream perturbations contribute to MYC activity in cancer. However, missense mutations of the MYC gene have remained relatively understudied for their potential role in MYC-mediated oncogenesis. While the function of several low-frequency mutations in MYC have been described, our understanding of other equally or more frequent mutations is incomplete. Herein, we define the function of a recurrent missense mutation in MYC resulting in the substitution S146L. This mutation enhances the interaction between MYC and its cofactor TRRAP and may enhance oncogenic MYC activity in certain cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W. Hinds
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
| | - Edmond J. Feris
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
| | - Owen M. Wilkins
- Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
| | - Luke T. Deary
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
| | - Michael D. Cole
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Unites States of America
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20
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Zhang K, Gao L, Wang J, Chu X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Fang F, Tao Y, Li X, Tian Y, Li Z, Sang X, Ma L, Lu L, Chen Y, Yu J, Zhuo R, Wu S, Pan J, Hu S. A Novel BRD Family PROTAC Inhibitor dBET1 Exerts Great Anti-Cancer Effects by Targeting c-MYC in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610447. [PMID: 35832114 PMCID: PMC9272305 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents an aggressive hematopoietic malignancy with a prognosis inferior to that of other leukemias. Recent targeted therapies offer new opportunities to achieve better treatment outcomes. However, due to the complex heterogeneity of AML, its prognosis remains dismal. In this study, we first identified the correlation between high expression of BRD4 and overall survival of patients with AML. Targeted degradation of BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4 proteins by dBET1, a proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) against the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family members, showed cytotoxic effects on Kasumi (AML1-ETO), NB4 (PML-RARa), THP-1 (MLL-AF9), and MV4-11 (MLL-AF4) AML cell lines representing different molecular subtypes of AML. Furthermore, we determined that dBET1 treatment arrested cell cycling and enhanced apoptosis and c-MYC was identified as the downstream target. Collectively, our results indicated that dBET1 had broad anti-cancer effects on AML cell lines with different molecular lesions and provided more benefits to patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Zhang
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinran Chu
- Department of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zimu Zhang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongping Zhang
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Tao
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tian
- Department of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiheng Li
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xu Sang
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lihui Lu
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Yu
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ran Zhuo
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuiyan Wu
- Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Pan, , ; Shaoyan Hu,
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Pan, , ; Shaoyan Hu,
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21
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Pallotta MM, Di Nardo M, Sarogni P, Krantz ID, Musio A. Disease-associated c-MYC downregulation in human disorders of transcriptional regulation. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:1599-1609. [PMID: 34849865 PMCID: PMC9122636 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare multiorgan developmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in cohesin genes. It is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous dominant (both autosomal and X-linked) rare disease. Increasing experimental evidence indicates that CdLS is caused by a combination of factors, such as gene expression dysregulation, accumulation of cellular damage and cellular aging, which collectively contribute to the CdLS phenotype. The CdLS phenotype overlaps with a number of related diagnoses such as KBG syndrome and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome both caused by variants in chromatin-associated factors other than cohesin. The molecular basis underlying these overlapping phenotypes is not clearly defined. Here, we found that cells from individuals with CdLS and CdLS-related diagnoses are characterized by global transcription disturbance and share common dysregulated pathways. Intriguingly, c-MYC (subsequently referred to as MYC) is downregulated in all cell lines and represents a convergent hub lying at the center of dysregulated pathways. Subsequent treatment with estradiol restores MYC expression by modulating cohesin occupancy at its promoter region. In addition, MYC activation leads to modification in expression in hundreds of genes, which in turn reduce the oxidative stress level and genome instability. Together, these results show that MYC plays a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of CdLS and CdLS-related diagnoses and represents a potential therapeutic target for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Pallotta
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Di Nardo
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Division of Human Genetics, The Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Antonio Musio
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
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22
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Qiu X, Boufaied N, Hallal T, Feit A, de Polo A, Luoma AM, Alahmadi W, Larocque J, Zadra G, Xie Y, Gu S, Tang Q, Zhang Y, Syamala S, Seo JH, Bell C, O'Connor E, Liu Y, Schaeffer EM, Jeffrey Karnes R, Weinmann S, Davicioni E, Morrissey C, Cejas P, Ellis L, Loda M, Wucherpfennig KW, Pomerantz MM, Spratt DE, Corey E, Freedman ML, Shirley Liu X, Brown M, Long HW, Labbé DP. MYC drives aggressive prostate cancer by disrupting transcriptional pause release at androgen receptor targets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2559. [PMID: 35562350 PMCID: PMC9106722 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
c-MYC (MYC) is a major driver of prostate cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Although MYC is overexpressed in both early and metastatic disease and associated with poor survival, its impact on prostate transcriptional reprogramming remains elusive. We demonstrate that MYC overexpression significantly diminishes the androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional program (the set of genes directly targeted by the AR protein) in luminal prostate cells without altering AR expression. Analyses of clinical specimens reveal that concurrent low AR and high MYC transcriptional programs accelerate prostate cancer progression toward a metastatic, castration-resistant disease. Data integration of single-cell transcriptomics together with ChIP-seq uncover an increase in RNA polymerase II (Pol II) promoter-proximal pausing at AR-dependent genes following MYC overexpression without an accompanying deactivation of AR-bound enhancers. Altogether, our findings suggest that MYC overexpression antagonizes the canonical AR transcriptional program and contributes to prostate tumor initiation and progression by disrupting transcriptional pause release at AR-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Qiu
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tarek Hallal
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Avery Feit
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna de Polo
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrienne M Luoma
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walaa Alahmadi
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Janie Larocque
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Giorgia Zadra
- Departments of Oncologic Pathology and Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham's Women Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
| | - Yingtian Xie
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shengqing Gu
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qin Tang
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudeepa Syamala
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ji-Heui Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connor Bell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward O'Connor
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Decipher Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sheila Weinmann
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paloma Cejas
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weil Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Campus, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kai W Wucherpfennig
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark M Pomerantz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myles Brown
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henry W Long
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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23
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Hu C, Liu T, Xu Y, Han C, Yang S, Yang K. [METTL14 promotes the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells by up-regulating m 6A Myc expression]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 38:131-137. [PMID: 35356881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) on the proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods The expression of METTL14 and Myc in cervical cancer tissues and normal tissues were analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and cervical cancer tissue microarray. The expression of METTL14 in HeLa and SiHa cells was silenced by small interfering RNA. After silencing the expression of METTL14 in cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cells by RNA interference (RNAi), real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to verify the effect. CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were adopted to detect cell proliferation and colony forming ability. TranswellTM assay was employed to evaluate cell migration ability. After knocking out METTL14, Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of METTL14 and Myc. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-qPCR (MeRIP-qPCR) was applied to observe the expression of m6A Myc in HeLa cells in each group. Results GEO database analysis and cervical cancer tissue microarray staining showed that the expression of METTL14 and Myc in cervical cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the survival time of cervical cancer patients with high expression of METTL14 was shorter. Silencing METTL14 can significantly inhibit the cell viability, proliferation and migration of cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cells, and its mechanism of action may be related to the up-regulation of the expression of m6A Myc by METTL14. Conclusion METTL14 promotes the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of m6A Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tianyue Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yiming Xu
- The Fourth Team of Cadets, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chenying Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuya Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. *Corresponding authors, E-mail:
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. *Corresponding authors, E-mail:
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Zhang J, Cui K, Huang L, Yang F, Sun S, Bian Z, Wang X, Li C, Yin Y, Huang S, Zhou L, Fei B, Huang Z. SLCO4A1-AS1 promotes colorectal tumourigenesis by regulating Cdk2/c-Myc signalling. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:4. [PMID: 35039060 PMCID: PMC8762969 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SLCO4A1-AS1 was found to be upregulated in several cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the detailed roles of SLCO4A1-AS1 in CRC remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the functions, mechanism, and clinical significance of SLCO4A1-AS1 in colorectal tumourigenesis. METHODS We measured the expression of SLCO4A1-AS1 in CRC tissues using qRT-PCR and determined its correlation with patient prognosis. Promoter methylation analyses were used to assess the methylation status of SLCO4A1-AS1. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were used to evaluate the effects of SLCO4A1-AS1 on CRC growth in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-seq, luciferase reporter and immunohistochemistry assays were performed to identify the molecular mechanism of SLCO4A1-AS1 in CRC. RESULTS SLCO4A1-AS1 was frequently upregulated in CRC tissues based on multiple CRC cohorts and was associated with poor prognoses. Aberrant overexpression of SLCO4A1-AS1 in CRC is partly attributed to the DNA hypomethylation of its promoter. Ectopic SLCO4A1-AS1 expression promoted CRC cell growth, whereas SLCO4A1-AS1 knockdown repressed CRC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SLCO4A1-AS1 functions as a molecular scaffold to strengthen the interaction between Hsp90 and Cdk2, promoting the protein stability of Cdk2. The SLCO4A1-AS1-induced increase in Cdk2 levels activates the c-Myc signalling pathway by promoting the phosphorylation of c-Myc at Ser62, resulting in increased tumour growth. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that SLCO4A1-AS1 acts as an oncogene in CRC by regulating the Hsp90/Cdk2/c-Myc axis, supporting SLCO4A1-AS1 as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic factor for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaisa Cui
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuying Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengbai Sun
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zehua Bian
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengling Huang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Leyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bojian Fei
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Hui He Road, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China.
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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Huang T, Li YQX, Zhou MY, Hu RH, Zou GL, Li JC, Feng S, Liu YM, Xin CQ, Zhao XK. Focal adhesion kinase-related non-kinase ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting aerobic glycolysis via the FAK/Ras/c-myc/ENO1 pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:123-139. [PMID: 35125823 PMCID: PMC8793014 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i1.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) hyperactivation is a central link in liver fibrosis development. HSCs perform aerobic glycolysis to provide energy for their activation. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) promotes aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells or fibroblasts, while FAK-related non-kinase (FRNK) inhibits FAK phosphorylation and biological functions.
AIM To elucidate the effect of FRNK on liver fibrosis at the level of aerobic glycolytic metabolism in HSCs.
METHODS Mouse liver fibrosis models were established by administering CCl4, and the effect of FRNK on the degree of liver fibrosis in the model was evaluated. Transforming growth factor-β1 was used to activate LX-2 cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation at position 397 (pY397-FAK) was detected to identify activated FAK, and the expression of the glycolysis-related proteins monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1) and enolase1 (ENO1) was assessed. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict putative binding sites for c-myc in the ENO1 promoter region, which were validated with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays.
RESULTS The pY397-FAK level was increased in human fibrotic liver tissue. FRNK knockout promoted liver fibrosis in mouse models. It also increased the activation, migration, proliferation and aerobic glycolysis of primary hepatic stellate cells (pHSCs) but inhibited pHSC apoptosis. Nevertheless, opposite trends for these phenomena were observed after exogenous FRNK treatment in LX-2 cells. Mechanistically, the FAK/Ras/c-myc/ENO1 pathway promoted aerobic glycolysis, which was inhibited by exogenous FRNK.
CONCLUSION FRNK inhibits aerobic glycolysis in HSCs by inhibiting the FAK/Ras/c-myc/ ENO1 pathway, thereby improving liver fibrosis. FRNK might be a potential target for liver fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yuan-Qing-Xiao Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ming-Yu Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rui-Han Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Gao-Liang Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jian-Chao Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shu Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yong-Mei Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chang-Qin Xin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, People’s Hospital of Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Autonomous County, Weining 553100, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xue-Ke Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
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26
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Ning R, Chen G, Fang R, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Qian F. Diosmetin inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through STAT3/c-Myc signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells. Biol Res 2021; 54:40. [PMID: 34922636 PMCID: PMC8684101 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diosmetin is a bioflavonoid compound naturally abundant in citrus fruits. It is found to perform a variety of activities, while its antitumor property in osteosarcoma, a malignant tumor with unmet clinical treatment, remained unknown. METHODS Colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis analysis were conducted respectively to observe the effect of diosmetin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells. Western blot and immunoprecipitation were used to detect the expression of apoptotic molecules and activation of STAT3/c-Myc pathway in Saos-2 and U2SO cells. RESULTS Diosmetin significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and promoted cell apoptosis in both Saos-2 and U2SO cells. Moreover, Diosmetin downregulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL while upregulated the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins including cleaved Caspase-3, cleaved-PARP and Bax. Furthermore, diosmetin dose-dependently inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, reduced the expression of its downstream protein c-Myc and impeded the interaction between STAT3 molecules. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that diosmetin exerts anti-osteosarcoma effects by suppressing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis via inhibiting the activation of STAT3/c-Myc signaling pathway, which provide the possibility for diosmetin to be a chemotherapeutic candidate for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rende Ning
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 390 Huaihe Road, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 390 Huaihe Road, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Run Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 390 Huaihe Road, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, 85 Wu Jin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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27
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Ciampricotti M, Karakousi T, Richards AL, Quintanal-Villalonga À, Karatza A, Caeser R, Costa EA, Allaj V, Manoj P, Spainhower KB, Kombak FE, Sanchez-Rivera FJ, Jaspers JE, Zavitsanou AM, Maddalo D, Ventura A, Rideout WM, Akama-Garren EH, Jacks T, Donoghue MTA, Sen T, Oliver TG, Poirier JT, Papagiannakopoulos T, Rudin CM. Rlf-Mycl Gene Fusion Drives Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:3214-3229. [PMID: 34344693 PMCID: PMC8810895 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has limited therapeutic options and an exceptionally poor prognosis. Understanding the oncogenic drivers of SCLC may help define novel therapeutic targets. Recurrent genomic rearrangements have been identified in SCLC, most notably an in-frame gene fusion between RLF and MYCL found in up to 7% of the predominant ASCL1-expressing subtype. To explore the role of this fusion in oncogenesis and tumor progression, we used CRISPR/Cas9 somatic editing to generate a Rlf-Mycl-driven mouse model of SCLC. RLF-MYCL fusion accelerated transformation and proliferation of murine SCLC and increased metastatic dissemination and the diversity of metastatic sites. Tumors from the RLF-MYCL genetically engineered mouse model displayed gene expression similarities with human RLF-MYCL SCLC. Together, our studies support RLF-MYCL as the first demonstrated fusion oncogenic driver in SCLC and provide a new preclinical mouse model for the study of this subtype of SCLC. SIGNIFICANCE The biological and therapeutic implications of gene fusions in SCLC, an aggressive metastatic lung cancer, are unknown. Our study investigates the functional significance of the in-frame RLF-MYCL gene fusion by developing a Rlf-Mycl-driven genetically engineered mouse model and defining the impact on tumor growth and metastasis. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metamia Ciampricotti
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Triantafyllia Karakousi
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Allison L Richards
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Àlvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angeliki Karatza
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Caeser
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily A Costa
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viola Allaj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyle B Spainhower
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Faruk E Kombak
- Precision Pathology Biobanking Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francisco J Sanchez-Rivera
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janneke E Jaspers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Danilo Maddalo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Current address: Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Ventura
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William M Rideout
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elliot H Akama-Garren
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark T A Donoghue
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Lead contact
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28
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Song GR, Choi YJ, Park SJ, Shin S, Lee G, Choi HJ, Lee DY, Song GY, Oh S. Root Bark of Morus alba L. and Its Bioactive Ingredient, Ursolic Acid, Suppress the Proliferation of Multiple Myeloma Cells by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1559-1567. [PMID: 34584036 PMCID: PMC9706038 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2109.09002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The root bark of Morus alba L. has cytotoxic activity against several types of cancer cells. However, little is known about its chemopreventive mechanisms and bioactive metabolites. In this study, we showed that M. alba L. root bark extracts (MRBE) suppressed β-catenin response transcription (CRT), which is aberrantly activated in various cancers, by promoting the degradation of β-catenin. In addition, MRBE repressed the expression of the β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF)-dependent genes, cmyc and cyclin D1, thus inhibiting the proliferation of RPMI-8226 multiple myeloma (MM) cells. MRBE induced apoptosis in MM cells, as evidenced by the increase in the population of annexin VFITC- positive cells and caspase-3/7 activity. We identified ursolic acid in MRBE through LC/mass spectrum (MS) and observed that it also decreased intracellular β-catenin, c-myc, and cyclin D1 levels. Furthermore, it suppressed the proliferation of RPMI-8226 cells by stimulating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These findings suggest that MRBE and its active ingredient, ursolic acid, exert antiproliferative activity by promoting the degradation of β-catenin and may have significant chemopreventive potential against MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geu Rim Song
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program for Bio-Health Convergence, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Subeen Shin
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program for Bio-Health Convergence, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Giseong Lee
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Ji Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yup Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangtaek Oh
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program for Bio-Health Convergence, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
MYC oncoprotein promotes cell proliferation and serves as the key driver in many human cancers; therefore, considerable effort has been expended to develop reliable pharmacological methods to suppress its expression or function. Despite impressive progress, MYC-targeting drugs have not reached the clinic. Recent advances suggest that within a limited expression range unique to each tumor, MYC oncoprotein can have a paradoxical, proapoptotic function. Here we introduce a counterintuitive idea that modestly and transiently elevating MYC levels could aid chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and thus benefit the patients as much, if not more than MYC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen T Harrington
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elena Sotillo
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chi V Dang
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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30
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Psaras AM, Chang KT, Hao T, Brooks TA. Targeted Downregulation of MYC through G-quadruplex Stabilization by DNAi. Molecules 2021; 26:5542. [PMID: 34577013 PMCID: PMC8464964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating the expression or function of the enigmatic MYC protein has demonstrated efficacy in an array of cancer types and a marked potential therapeutic index and safety profile. Despite its high therapeutic value, specific and selective inhibitors or downregulating therapeutics have proven difficult to develop. In the current study, we expanded our work on a MYC promoter G-quadruplex (G4) stabilizing DNA clamp to develop an oligonucleotide interfering DNA (DNAi) therapeutic. We explored six DNAi for G4-stabilization through EMSA, DMS footprinting, and thermal stability studies, focusing on the DNAi 5T as the lead therapeutic. 5T, but not its scramble control 5Tscr, was then shown to enter the nucleus, modulate cell viability, and decrease MYC expression through G4-stabilization. DNAi 5T is thus described to be our lead DNAi, targeting MYC regulation through stabilization of the higher-order DNA G4 structure in the proximal promoter, and it is poised for further preclinical development as an anticancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Maria Psaras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA; (A.M.P.); (K.T.C.)
| | - Katarina T. Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA; (A.M.P.); (K.T.C.)
| | - Taisen Hao
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Tracy A. Brooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA; (A.M.P.); (K.T.C.)
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
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31
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Cummin TEC, Cox KL, Murray TD, Turaj AH, Dunning L, English VL, Fell R, Packham G, Ma Y, Powell B, Johnson PWM, Cragg MS, Carter MJ. BET inhibitors synergize with venetoclax to induce apoptosis in MYC-driven lymphomas with high BCL-2 expression. Blood Adv 2020; 4:3316-3328. [PMID: 32717030 PMCID: PMC7391160 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the MYC oncogenic network represents an attractive therapeutic target for lymphoma, MYC inhibitors have been difficult to develop. Alternatively, inhibitors of epigenetic/ transcriptional regulators, particularly the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family, have been used to modulate MYC. However, current benzodiazepine-derivative BET inhibitors (BETi) elicit disappointing responses and dose-limiting toxicity in relapsed/refractory lymphoma, potentially because of enrichment of high-risk molecular features and chemical backbone-associated toxicities. Consequently, novel nonbenzodiazepine BETi and improved mechanistic understanding are required. Here we characterize the responses of aggressive MYC-driven lymphomas to 2 nonbenzodiazepine BETi: PLX51107 and PLX2853. Both invoked BIM-dependent apoptosis and in vivo therapy, associated with miR-17∼92 repression, in murine Eµ-myc lymphomas, with PLX2853 exhibiting enhanced potency. Accordingly, exogenous BCL-2 expression abrogated these effects. Because high BCL-2 expression is common in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), BETi were ineffective in driving apoptosis and in vivo therapy of DLBCL cell lines, mirroring clinical results. However, BETi-mediated BIM upregulation and miR-17∼92 repression remained intact. Consequently, coadministration of BETi and ABT199/venetoclax restored cell death and in vivo therapy. Collectively, these data identify BIM-dependent apoptosis as a critical mechanism of action for this class of BETi that, via coadministration of BH3 mimetics, can deliver effective tumor control in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerry L Cox
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology
| | - Tom D Murray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology
| | - Anna H Turaj
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology
| | - Lisa Dunning
- Preclinical Unit, Centre for Cancer Immunology, and
| | | | - Rachel Fell
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and
| | - Graham Packham
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and
| | - Yan Ma
- Plexxikon Inc., Berkeley, CA
| | | | - Peter W M Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology
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Boyd SR, Young DW. Max-imizing the Attenuation of Myc Using Small Molecules. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:608-612. [PMID: 31280901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been a widely held notion within the biomedical research community that the reliable modulation of transcription factors with small molecules would represent a holy grail, given their role in directly potentiating oncogenic programs. Among the transcription factors that have been held in highest regard is Myc, since its dysregulation is among the most recurrent events in human cancer. Despite intense efforts, the ability to identify compounds that bind directly to Myc, resulting in its functional inhibition, have been met with only moderate success. However, a new approach reported by Struntz et al. (Cell Chem. Biol., 2019) focuses on a different strategy of discovering molecules that bind to Myc's obligate partner Max. Using a small-molecule microarray screen, they report the identification of KI-MS2-008, a compound that results in the stabilization of Max homodimers and the attenuation of Myc. KI-MS2-008 suppresses cancer cell grown both in vitro and within in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelton R Boyd
- Center for Drug Discovery (CDD), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Damian W Young
- Center for Drug Discovery (CDD), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Therapeutic Innovations Center (THINC@BCM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Abstract
The term 'undruggable' was coined to describe proteins that could not be targeted pharmacologically. However, progress is being made to 'drug' many of these targets, and therefore more appropriate terms might be 'difficult to drug' or 'yet to be drugged'. Many desirable targets in cancer fall into this category, including the RAS and MYC oncogenes, and pharmacologically targeting these intractable proteins is now a key challenge in cancer research that requires innovation and the development of new technologies. In this Viewpoint article, we asked four scientists working in this field for their opinions on the most crucial advances, as well as the challenges and what the future holds for this important area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi V. Dang
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Present addresses: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10017, USA, and The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA or
| | - E. Premkumar Reddy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Kevan M. Shokat
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco & Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.
| | - Laura Soucek
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Cellex Centre, Barcelona 08035; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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Granqvist L, Kraszewski A, Tähtinen V, Virta P. Synthesis of Aminoglycoside-2'-O-Methyl Oligoribonucleotide Fusions. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050760. [PMID: 28481305 PMCID: PMC6154110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoramidite building blocks of ribostamycin (3 and 4), that may be incorporated at any position of the oligonucleotide sequence, were synthesized. The building blocks, together with a previously described neomycin-modified solid support, were applied for the preparation of aminoglycoside-2′-O-methyl oligoribonucleotide fusions. The fusions were used to clamp a single strand DNA sequence (a purine-rich strand of c-Myc promoter 1) to form triple helical 2′-O-methyl RNA/DNA-hybrid constructs. The potential of the aminoglycoside moieties to stabilize the triple helical constructs were studied by UV-melting profile analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Granqvist
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Andrzej Kraszewski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02 097 Warsaw, Poland.
- College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02 097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ville Tähtinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Pasi Virta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
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Tu QM, Wang ZW. Study on mechanism of c-Myc in restenosis after coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:2363-2367. [PMID: 27338063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the actions of c-Myc gene fragments in restenosis after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 healthy pure breeds New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups according to weight, 5 in each group. The external jugular vein is placed at ipsilateral common carotid artery and sampling at 6h, 2d, 7d, 14d and 28d. The expression of the c-Myc positive cell population was observed in different time using immunohistochemistry and morphological analysis. The thickness and ratio of luminal intima and media were measured by the computer image analytical method. RESULTS The luminal intima and media thickness at day 7 is significantly thickening (p <0.01) from 6h while it has not changed (p >0.05) at day 14 and 28 compared to day 7. C-Myc proteins are gradually increased from 6h to day 7, reached a peak (p <0.01) at day 7; started declining from day 14-28. The difference has statistical significance (p <0.01) compared to day 7. CONCLUSIONS C-Myc positive cell population has reached a peak after transplantation, which is identical with the peak of fast intimal proliferation. It indicates that c-Myc protein expression is closely associated to intimal proliferation. It can act as an indicator for intimal proliferation after vascular injuries in the early stage of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q-M Tu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China.
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Zhang HL, Wang P, Lu MZ, Zhang SD. [c-Myc regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter reverses chemoresistance in CD133(+) colon cancer stem cells]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2016; 68:171-178. [PMID: 27108904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to explore the role of c-Myc gene regulation in maintaining the self-renewal and drug-resistant properties of colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the underlying mechanism. CD133(+) cells were isolated by flow cytometry cell sorting from human HT29 cancer cells. A small interfering RNA (siRNA) against c-Myc was used, and the mRNA and protein expressions of c-Myc were investigated by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. To evaluate the effect of c-Myc on the drug resistance of colon CSCs, CD133(+) cells transfected with c-Myc-siRNA were exposed to 5-FU, oxaliplatin, or their combination. The expressions of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including ABCG2, ABCB5 and MDR-1, were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that c-Myc was highly expressed in CD133(+) colon CSCs, and the protein and mRNA expressions of c-Myc were effectively blocked by c-Myc siRNA. Furthermore, CD133(+) cells showed significantly increased survival rate in chemotherapy treatment, compared with CD133(-) cells. c-Myc silencing sensitized CD133(+) cells to chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity and down-regulated the protein expression levels of ABCG2, MDR-1 and ABCB5. These results suggest c-Myc silencing may regulate the expressions of ABC transporters in colon CSCs, and enhance the sensitivity of CSCs to the chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Le Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Miao-Zhen Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - San-Dian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo 315000, China
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Targeting HDAC And PI3K Inhibits MYC-Driven Medulloblastoma Growth. Cancer Discov 2016; 6:OF10. [PMID: 27012830 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-RW2016-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors synergize with PI3K inhibitors to reduce MYC-driven medulloblastoma (MB) growth.
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Gong QX, Lu TX, Liu C, Wang Z, Liang JH, Xu W, Li JY, Zhang ZH, Chen Q. Prevalence and clinicopathologic features of CD30-positive de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Chinese patients: a retrospective study of 232 cases. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:15825-15835. [PMID: 26884853 PMCID: PMC4730066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease that great efforts had been made in to build up molecular and immunophenotypic subgroups that could relatively accurate indicate prognosis and give clue to therapy. Recently, CD30 was reported as a useful predictor with favorable clinical outcome. However, CD30 expression patterns and the clinicopathologic features of CD30 positive DLBCL are not well described thus far, especially in Asian patients. Here, we studied 232 cases of de novo DLBCL in East China to investigate the prevalence and clinicopathological features of CD30-positive DLBCL using a panel of immunohistochemical markers. Applying a >0% threshold, CD30 was expressed in approximately 12% patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negative DLBCL, affecting younger people and showing a lower frequency of BCL2 expression and MYC/BCL2 co-expression. Patients with CD30-positive DLBCLs showed better progression-free survival and overall survival compared with patients with CD30-negative DLBCLs, although the superior outcome of CD30 positivity had minimal effects on BCL2+ DLBCL or DLBCL with MYC/BCL2 co-expression. Moreover, CD30 could express in CD5+ DLBCL. We concluded that CD30 may be useful as a prognostic marker in rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) treated DLBCLs, indicating favorable outcomes in a Chinese population. Further studies with larger samples should be performed to investigate the function of CD30 expression in BCL2+ DLBCLs, DLBCLs with MYC/BCL2 co-expression, and CD5+ DLBCLs, and to evaluate the feasibility of anti-CD30 targeted treatment in DLBCL therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Asian People
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- CD5 Antigens/analysis
- China
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- Disease-Free Survival
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Ki-1 Antigen/analysis
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/chemistry
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/ethnology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- Prevalence
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Rituximab
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/therapeutic use
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Xing Gong
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ting-Xun Lu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hua Liang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
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Liu CD, Chen YL, Min YL, Zhao B, Cheng CP, Kang MS, Chiu SJ, Kieff E, Peng CW. The nuclear chaperone nucleophosmin escorts an Epstein-Barr Virus nuclear antigen to establish transcriptional cascades for latent infection in human B cells. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1003084. [PMID: 23271972 PMCID: PMC3521654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an oncogenic γ-herpesvirus that capably establishes both latent and lytic modes of infection in host cells and causes malignant diseases in humans. Nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2)-mediated transcription of both cellular and viral genes is essential for the establishment and maintenance of the EBV latency program in B lymphocytes. Here, we employed a protein affinity pull-down and LC-MS/MS analysis to identify nucleophosmin (NPM1) as one of the cellular proteins bound to EBNA2. Additionally, the specific domains that are responsible for protein-protein interactions were characterized as EBNA2 residues 300 to 360 and the oligomerization domain (OD) of NPM1. As in c-MYC, dramatic NPM1 expression was induced in EBV positively infected B cells after three days of viral infection, and both EBNA2 and EBNALP were implicated in the transactivation of the NPM1 promoter. Depletion of NPM1 with the lentivirus-expressed short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) effectively abrogated EBNA2-dependent transcription and transformation outgrowth of lymphoblastoid cells. Notably, the ATP-bound state of NPM1 was required to induce assembly of a protein complex containing EBNA2, RBP-Jκ, and NPM1 by stabilizing the interaction of EBNA2 with RBP-Jκ. In a NPM1-knockdown cell line, we demonstrated that an EBNA2-mediated transcription defect was fully restored by the ectopic expression of NPM1. Our findings highlight the essential role of NPM1 in chaperoning EBNA2 onto the latency-associated membrane protein 1 (LMP1) promoters, which is coordinated with the subsequent activation of transcriptional cascades through RBP-Jκ during EBV infection. These data advance our understanding of EBV pathology and further imply that NPM1 can be exploited as a therapeutic target for EBV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Der Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lin Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Li Min
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chi-Ping Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Myung-Soo Kang
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shu-Jun Chiu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Elliott Kieff
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chih-Wen Peng
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Pattanaik S, Werkman JR, Yuan L. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation as a tool to study interactions of regulatory proteins in plant protoplasts. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 754:185-93. [PMID: 21720953 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-154-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are an important aspect of the gene regulation process. The expression of a gene in response to certain stimuli, within a specific cell type or at a particular developmental stage, involves a complex network of interactions between different regulatory proteins and the cis-regulatory elements present in the promoter of the gene. A number of methods have been developed to study protein-protein interactions in vitro and in vivo in plant cells, one of which is bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). BiFC is a relatively simple technique based upon the reconstitution of a fluorescent protein. The interacting protein complex can be visualized directly in a living plant cell when two non-fluorescent fragments, of an otherwise fluorescent protein, are fused to proteins found within that complex. Interaction of tagged proteins brings the two non-fluorescent fragments into close proximity and reconstitutes the fluorescent protein. In addition, the subcellular location of an interacting protein complex in the cell can be simultaneously determined. Using this approach, we have successfully demonstrated a protein-protein interaction between a R2R3 MYB and a basic helix-loop-helix MYC transcription factor related to flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in tobacco protoplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitakanta Pattanaik
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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41
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La Rocca G, Shi B, Audia A, Ferrari-Amorotti G, Mellert HS, Calabretta B, McMahon SB, Sepp-Lorenzino L, Baserga R. Regulation of microRNA-145 by growth arrest and differentiation. Exp Cell Res 2010; 317:488-95. [PMID: 21111732 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA145 (miR145), a tumor suppressor miR, has been reported to inhibit growth of human cancer cells, to induce differentiation and to cause apoptosis, all conditions that result in growth arrest. In order to clarify the functional effects of miR145, we have investigated its expression in diverse conditions and different cell lines. Our results show that miR145 levels definitely increase in differentiating cells and also in growth-arrested cells, even in the absence of differentiation. Increased expression during differentiation sometimes occurs as a late event, suggesting that miR145 could be required either early or late during the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspare La Rocca
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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42
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Bui-Nguyen TM, Pakala SB, Sirigiri RD, Xia W, Hung MC, Sarin SK, Kumar V, Slagle BL, Kumar R. NF-kappaB signaling mediates the induction of MTA1 by hepatitis B virus transactivator protein HBx. Oncogene 2010; 29:1179-89. [PMID: 20010875 PMCID: PMC3621706 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a master chromatin modifier, has been shown to regulate cancer progression and is widely upregulated in human cancer, including hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Here we provide evidence that hepatitis B virus transactivator protein HBx stimulates the expression of MTA1 but not of MTA2 or MTA3. The underlying mechanism of HBx stimulation of MTA1 involves HBx targeting of transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and the recruitment of HBx/p65 complex to the NF-kappaB consensus motif on the relaxed MTA1 gene chromatin. We also discovered that MTA1 depletion in HBx-expressing cells severely impairs the ability of HBx to stimulate NF-kappaB signaling and the expression of target proinflammatory molecules. Furthermore, the presence of HBx in HBx-infected HCCs correlated well with increased MTA1 and NF-kappaB-p65. Collectively, these findings revealed a previously unrecognized integral role of MTA1 in HBx stimulation of NF-kappaB signaling and consequently, the expression of NF-kappaB targets gene products with functions in inflammation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri M. Bui-Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Suresh B. Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Reddy Divijendranatha Sirigiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Gastroenterology, G.P. Pant Hospital, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Virology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Betty L. Slagle
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Shamsasenjan K, Otsuyama KI, Abroun S, Iqbal MS, Mahmoud MS, Asaoku H, Kawano MM. IL-6-induced activation of MYC is responsible for the down-regulation of CD33 expression in CD33+ myeloma cells. Int J Hematol 2009; 89:310-318. [PMID: 19259613 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-009-0256-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human myeloma cells from about 10% of cases with multiple myeloma expressed CD33 and had monocytoid morphology with convoluted nuclei, and all these patients had no increase in serum CRP values. In CD33(+) myeloma cells as well as myeloma cell lines, CD33 expression levels were correlated with the increased expression levels of CEBPA (C/EBPalpha). This correlation was confirmed by the finding that transfection with the CEBPA gene induced CD33 expression in a CD33(-) myeloma cell line. As suggested by the lack of an increase in serum CRP values in CD33(+) myelomas, IL-6 down-regulated the expression of CD33 in CD33(+) myeloma cell lines along with the down-regulation of CEBPA gene expression. Cucurbitacin I (STAT3 inhibitor), but not U0126 (MAPK inhibitor), could abolish the effect of IL-6. Furthermore, IL-6 up-regulated the expression of MYC via STAT3 phosphorylation and MYC bound to the promoter region of the CEBPA gene followed by the down-regulation of CEBPA expression. It was confirmed that introduction of shRNA for MYC into a CD33(+) myeloma cell line blocked the IL-6-induced down-regulation of CD33 and CEBPA expression. Therefore, these results indicate that IL-6 can reverse the expression level of CD33 by up-regulating MYC followed by the down-regulation of CEBPA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Shamsasenjan
- Laboratory of Cellular Signal Analysis, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Otsuyama
- Laboratory of Cellular Signal Analysis, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Saeid Abroun
- Laboratory of Cellular Signal Analysis, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Mohd S Iqbal
- Laboratory of Cellular Signal Analysis, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Maged S Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hideki Asaoku
- Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Hiroshima, 730-0052, Japan
| | - Michio M Kawano
- Laboratory of Cellular Signal Analysis, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.
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McGowan EM, Russell AJ, Boonyaratanakornkit V, Saunders DN, Lehrbach GM, Sergio CM, Musgrove EA, Edwards DP, Sutherland RL. Progestins reinitiate cell cycle progression in antiestrogen-arrested breast cancer cells through the B-isoform of progesterone receptor. Cancer Res 2007; 67:8942-51. [PMID: 17875737 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen treatment of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells allows the reinitiation of synchronous cell cycle progression in antiestrogen-arrested cells. Here, we report that progestins also reinitiate cell cycle progression in this model. Using clonal cell lines derived from progesterone receptor (PR)-negative MCF-7M13 cells expressing wild-type or mutant forms of PRA and PRB, we show that this effect is mediated via PRB, not PRA. Cell cycle progression did not occur with a DNA-binding domain mutant of PRB but was unaffected by mutation in the NH(2)-terminal, SH3 domain interaction motif, which mediates rapid progestin activation of c-Src. Thus, the progestin-induced proliferative response in antiestrogen-inhibited cells is mediated primarily by the transcriptional activity of PRB. Analysis of selected cell cycle targets showed that progestin treatment induced levels of cyclin D1 expression and retinoblastoma protein (Rb) phosphorylation similar to those induced by estradiol. In contrast, progestin treatment resulted in only a 1.2-fold induction of c-Myc compared with a 10-fold induction by estradiol. These results support the conclusion that progestin, in a PRB-dependent manner, can overcome the growth-inhibitory effects of antiestrogens in estrogen receptor/PR-positive breast cancer cells by the induction of cyclin D1 expression. The mediation of this effect by PRB, but not PRA, further suggests a mechanism whereby abnormal regulation of the normal expression ratios of PR isoforms in breast cancer could lead to the attenuation of antiestrogen-mediated growth arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M McGowan
- Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Falcone G, Gauzzi MC, Tatò F, Alemà S. Differential control of muscle-specific gene expression specified by src and myc oncogenes in myogenic cells. Ciba Found Symp 2007; 150:250-8; discussion 258-61. [PMID: 2115425 DOI: 10.1002/9780470513927.ch15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myogenic cells can be transformed in vitro by the introduction of several exogenous viral oncogenes. Transformed myoblasts are prevented from terminal differentiation into myotubes by the continuous expression of oncogenes such as myc and src, chosen as prototypes of nuclear and cytoplasmic oncogenes. A comparative analysis of the relationship between transformation and differentiation in myoblasts and cells belonging to other lineages has led to the proposal that terminal differentiation of myc-transformed quail myoblasts is indirectly prevented by the loss of growth control and that myc-bearing cells remain susceptible to growth regulation by interaction with adjacent normal cells. On the contrary, the src oncogene appears to affect expression of the myogenic programme via a direct mechanism, independent from abnormal growth control. There is increasing evidence for the existence of master regulatory genes that govern and influence muscle development in vivo and myogenic differentiation in vitro. Expression of cytoplasmic oncogenes such as src, ras and polyoma middle T in the mouse myogenic cell line, C2, results in inhibition of biochemical differentiation and a marked down-regulation of the MyoD1 and myogenin genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Falcone
- Istituto di Biologia Cellulare, C.N.R., Roma, Italy
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Guo Z, Dose M, Kovalovsky D, Chang R, O'Neil J, Look AT, von Boehmer H, Khazaie K, Gounari F. Beta-catenin stabilization stalls the transition from double-positive to single-positive stage and predisposes thymocytes to malignant transformation. Blood 2007; 109:5463-72. [PMID: 17317856 PMCID: PMC1890819 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-11-059071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of beta-catenin has been causatively linked to the etiology of colon cancer. Conditional stabilization of this molecule in pro-T cells promotes thymocyte development without the requirement for pre-TCR signaling. We show here that activated beta-catenin stalls the developmental transition from the double-positive (DP) to the single-positive (SP) thymocyte stage and predisposes DP thymocytes to transformation. beta-Catenin-induced thymic lymphomas have a leukemic arrest at the early DP stage. Lymphomagenesis requires Rag activity, which peaks at this developmental stage, as well as additional secondary genetic events. A consistent secondary event is the transcriptional up-regulation of c-Myc, whose activity is required for transformation because its conditional ablation abrogates lymphomagenesis. In contrast, the expression of Notch receptors as well as targets is reduced in DP thymocytes with stabilized beta-catenin and remains low in the lymphomas, indicating that Notch activation is not required or selected for in beta-catenin-induced lymphomas. Thus, beta-catenin activation may provide a mechanism for the induction of T-cell-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that does not depend on Notch activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyan Guo
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Chou LC, Huang LJ, Yang JS, Lee FY, Teng CM, Kuo SC. Synthesis of furopyrazole analogs of 1-benzyl-3-(5-hydroxymethyl-2-furyl)indazole (YC-1) as novel anti-leukemia agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:1732-40. [PMID: 17189698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As part of our continuing search for potential anticancer drug candidates in YC-1 analogs, several 1-benzyl-3-(substituted aryl)-5-methylfuro[3,2-c]pyrazoles were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HL-60 cell line. Among these compounds, 1-benzyl-3-(5-hydroxymethyl-2-furyl)-5-methylfuro[3,2-c]pyrazole (1) showed more potency than YC-1. Through investigation of action mechanism, it was found that compound 1 induced terminal differentiation of HL-60 cells toward granulocyte lineage and promoted HL-60 cell differentiation by regulation of Bcl-2 and c-Myc proteins. Meanwhile, compound 1 also demonstrated apoptosis inducing effect. Such anti-leukemia mechanism of action is apparently different from that of YC-1 which mainly works by inducing apoptosis, but not cell differentiation. Therefore, compound 1 is identified here as a new lead compound of cell differentiating agent and apoptosis inducer for further development of new anti-leukemia agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chen Chou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
The MYC oncogene is frequently deregulated in human tumors, indicative of a poor prognosis because of enhanced resistance to treatment. In such cases, the cellular sensitivity to chemotherapy could be restored by reactivation of Myc-driven apoptosis. We have analyzed apoptosis induced by the cytotoxic agents camptothecin (CPT) and paclitaxel (PTX) using Rat1 fibroblasts with different c-myc status and human Tet21N neuroblastoma cells with conditional MYCN expression. In these cell lines, the drug sensitivity was enhanced by Myc in line with previous reports showing that Myc sensitizes to apoptosis induction by many different apoptosis inducers. CPT-induced apoptosis involved cleavage and activation of proapoptotic Bid and Bax, induction of mitochondrial membrane depolarization, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, protein kinase c delta (PKCdelta) signaling and upregulation of p53. We also observed reduced transcriptional activity by Myc and other transcription factors in response to CPT. In contrast, the manner by which Myc potentiates the apoptosis induced by PTX differs from that of CPT and remains to be explored. In summary, our findings revealed that activation of PKCdelta in response to CPT treatment requires Myc and is important in CPT-mediated apoptosis signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Albihn
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yamanaka S, Takahashi K. [Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse fibroblast cultures]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2006; 51:2346-51. [PMID: 17154061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
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50
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Dvorácková J, Uvírová M. [The molecular genetic assessment of prognostic factors in carcioma of the prostate: a pilot study]. Cesk Patol 2006; 42:130-2. [PMID: 16955560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The loss of the 8p22 chromosome part and amplification of the 8q24 region (c-myc oncogene region) are the most frequent chromosomal aberrations observed in prostate carcinoma. We aimed to demonstrate the frequency of these chromosomal abnormalities and to assess how they correlate with the prognosis in patients with prostate carcinoma. From a set of 130 patients, we selected a group of 17 who died within five years after the diagnosis had been determined. Due to the lack of tumor cells in puncture biopsies, we managed to carry out in situ hybridization and assess the result objectively for 9 patients only. In seven cases, amplification of the region for c-myc oncogene was found; however, in five of them, polyploidy of chromosome 8 was manifested simultaneously. Deletion of the 8p22 chromosome part (region for the LPL gene) was found in five cases. A normal finding was detected in two cases. However, the analysis was carried out on a small number of cells gained from paraffin slices, so it was impossible to meet the requirement to examine 300 interphase cell nuclei. Therefore, we recommend to always determine whether the material taken is representative enough for this methodology and whether the tissue fixation is not inadequate or insufficient.
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