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Push-pull photochromic dyes for semi-transparent solar cells with light-adjustable optical properties and high color-rendering index. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8497-8506. [PMID: 37592994 PMCID: PMC10430641 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02328a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis and characterization of push-pull photochromic naphthopyran dyes, incorporating different carbazole moieties as the electron-donor group for use in dye-sensitized solar cells. Compared to a reference dye incorporating a diphenylamine-type donor moiety, the introduction of functionalized carbazoles allows for a hypsochromic shift of the absorption of the coloured isomers of the dyes in the visible region and a better tuning of their spectra to the photopic response of the human eye. Under illumination, the molecules exhibit a broad absorption with a maximum comprised between 546 nm and 571 nm in solution and they reveal relatively fast discoloration kinetics. By using these dyes to fabricate photochromic solar cells whose optical and photovoltaic properties vary with the light exposure, we have achieved a PCE of up to 3% in opaque cells. Using these molecules in semi-transparent solar cells with different electrolytes, a PCE of 2.3% was achieved. We also produced a semi-transparent mini-module with an average visible transmittance varying between 66% and 50% and a colour rendering index around 95 in both the uncoloured and coloured states.
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2
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Inference-Based Quantum Sensing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:190501. [PMID: 36399750 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.190501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In a standard quantum sensing (QS) task one aims at estimating an unknown parameter θ, encoded into an n-qubit probe state, via measurements of the system. The success of this task hinges on the ability to correlate changes in the parameter to changes in the system response R(θ) (i.e., changes in the measurement outcomes). For simple cases the form of R(θ) is known, but the same cannot be said for realistic scenarios, as no general closed-form expression exists. In this Letter, we present an inference-based scheme for QS. We show that, for a general class of unitary families of encoding, R(θ) can be fully characterized by only measuring the system response at 2n+1 parameters. This allows us to infer the value of an unknown parameter given the measured response, as well as to determine the sensitivity of the scheme, which characterizes its overall performance. We show that inference error is, with high probability, smaller than δ, if one measures the system response with a number of shots that scales only as Ω(log^{3}(n)/δ^{2}). Furthermore, the framework presented can be broadly applied as it remains valid for arbitrary probe states and measurement schemes, and, even holds in the presence of quantum noise. We also discuss how to extend our results beyond unitary families. Finally, to showcase our method we implement it for a QS task on real quantum hardware, and in numerical simulations.
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Transparent and Colorless Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Pyrrolopyrrole Cyanine Sensitizers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207459. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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4
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Optimal Control of Families of Quantum Gates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:050507. [PMID: 35960583 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum optimal control (QOC) enables the realization of accurate operations, such as quantum gates, and supports the development of quantum technologies. To date, many QOC frameworks have been developed, but those remain only naturally suited to optimize a single targeted operation at a time. We extend this concept to optimal control with a continuous family of targets, and demonstrate that an optimization based on neural networks can find families of time-dependent Hamiltonians realizing desired classes of quantum gates in minimal time.
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Transparent and Colorless Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Pyrrolopyrrole Cyanine Sensitizers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Prevalence and Incidence of Puumala Orthohantavirus in its Bank Vole (Myodes glareolus) Host Population in Northeastern France: Between-site and Seasonal Variability. Epidemics 2022; 40:100600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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7
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Interrogating the mechanism of the solvation dynamics in BmimBF4/PC mixtures: A cooperative study employing time-resolved fluorescence and molecular dynamics. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Transparent and Colorless Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Exceeding 75% Average Visible Transmittance. JACS AU 2021; 1:409-426. [PMID: 34467304 PMCID: PMC8395686 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most photovoltaic (PV) technologies are opaque to maximize visible light absorption. However, see-through solar cells open additional perspectives for PV integration. Looking beyond maximizing visible light harvesting, this work considers the human eye photopic response to optimize a selective near-infrared sensitizer based on a polymethine cyanine structure (VG20-C x ) to render dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fully transparent and colorless. This peculiarity was achieved by conferring to the dye the ability to strongly and sharply absorb beyond 800 nm (S0-S1 transition) while rejecting the upper S0-S n contributions far in the blue where the human retina is poorly sensitive. When associated with an aggregation-free anatase TiO2 photoanode, the selective NIR-DSSC can display 3.1% power conversion efficiency, up to 76% average visible transmittance (AVT), a value approaching the 78% AVT value of a standard double glazing window while reaching a color rendering index (CRI) of 92.1%. The ultrafast and fast charge transfer processes are herein discussed, clarifying the different relaxation channels from the dye monomer excited states and highlighting the limiting steps to provide future directions to enhance the performances of this nonintrusive NIR-DSSC technology.
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Tuning the Acceptor Unit of Push-Pull Porphyrazines for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082129. [PMID: 33917225 PMCID: PMC8068076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A family of four push–pull porphyrazines of A3B type, where each unit A contains two peripheral propyl chains and the unit B is endowed with a carboxylic acid, were prepared. The carboxylic acid was attached to the β-position of the pyrrolic unit, either directly (Pz 10), or through cyanovinyl (Pz 11) and phenyl (Pz 7) groups. The fourth Pz (14) consisted in a pyrazinoporphyrazine wherein the dinitrogenated heterocycle provided intrinsic donor–acceptor character to the macrocycle and contained a carboxyphenyl substituent. The direct attachment of the carboxylic acid functions and their linkers to the porphyrazine core produces stronger perturbation on the electronic properties of the macrocycle, with respect to their connection through fused benzene or pyrazine rings in TT112 and 14, respectively. The HOMO and LUMO energies of the Pzs, which were estimated with DFT calculations, show little variation within the series, except upon introduction of the cyanovinyl spacer, which produces a decrease in both frontier orbital energetic levels. This effective interaction of cyanovinyl substitution with the macrocycle is also evidenced in UV/Vis spectroscopy, where a large splitting of the Q-band indicates strong desymmetrization of the Pz. The performance of the four Pzs as photosensitizers in DSSCs were also investigated.
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Molecular-Level Insight into Correlation between Surface Defects and Stability of Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Under Controlled Humidity. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2000834. [PMID: 34927888 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-based photovoltaics (PVs) have garnered tremendous interest, enabling power conversion efficiencies exceeding 25%. Although much of this success is credited to the exploration of new compositions, defects passivation and process optimization, environmental stability remains an important bottleneck to be solved. The underlying mechanisms of thermal and humidity-induced degradation are still far from a clear understanding, which poses a severe limitation to overcome the stability issues. Herein, in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), in operando liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ex situ solid-state (ss)NMR spectroscopy are combined with time-resolved spectroscopies to reveal new insights about the degradation mechanisms of methylammonium lead halide (MAPbI3 ) under 85% relative humidity (RH) at different length scales. Liquid-cell TEM enables the live visualizations from meso-to-nanoscale transformation between the perovskite particles and water molecules, which are corroborated by the changes in local structures at sub-nanometer distances by ssNMR and longer range by XRD. This work clarifies the role of surface defects and the significance of their passivation to prevent hydration and decomposition reactions.
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Empowering organic-based negative electrode material based on conjugated lithium carboxylate through molecular design. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2321-2327. [PMID: 32118368 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe the design and gram-scale synthesis of a new anthracene-based negative electrode material for Li-ion batteries. Based on rational design, featuring a strong electronic delocalization and a long conjugation length, this material has power performance to date unmatched for a conjugated lithium carboxylate, displaying a gravimetric capacity of 150 mAh g-1 at a cycling rate of 20 Li+ /h (10 C) without any electrode engineering. Additionally, to the design, partial solubility of the fully reduced phase may also explain the electrochemical performances obtained at a low and high rate.
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Tunable Redox Potential, Optical Properties, and Enhanced Stability of Modified Ferrocene-Based Complexes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:14780-14789. [PMID: 31552317 PMCID: PMC6751539 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We report a series of ferrocene-based derivatives and their corresponding oxidized forms in which the introduction of simple electron donating groups like methyl or tert-butyl units on cyclopentadienyl-rings afford great tunability of Fe+III/Fe+II redox potentials from +0.403 V down to -0.096 V versus saturated calomel electrode. The spin forbidden d-d transitions of ferrocene derivatives shift slightly toward the blue region with an increasing number of electron-donating groups on the cyclopentadienyl-rings with very little change in absorptivity values, whereas the ligand-to-metal transitions of the corresponding ferricinium salts move significantly to the near-IR region. The electron-donating groups also contribute in the strengthening of electron density of Fe+III d-orbitals, which therefore improves the chemical stability against the oxygen reaction. Further, density functional theory calculations show a reducing trend in outer shell reorganization energy with an increasing number of the electron donating units.
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13
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PO-440 Targeting of triple negative breast tumours using liposomes as drug delivery systems for siRNA and HSP90 inhibitor. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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A multi-technique comparison of the electronic properties of pristine and nitrogen-doped polycrystalline SnO2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:22617-27. [PMID: 27477515 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02822e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen doped tin(iv) oxide (SnO2) materials in the form of nanometric powders have been prepared by precipitation with ammonia. Their properties have been compared with those of undoped materials obtained in a similar way using various physical techniques such as photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS and UPS), UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Nitrogen doping leads to the formation of various nitrogen containing species, the more relevant of which is a nitride-type ionic species, based on the substitution of a lattice oxygen atom with a nitrogen atom. This species exists in two forms, paramagnetic (hole centre, formally N(2-)) and diamagnetic (N(3-)). The mutual ratio of the two species varies according to the oxidation state of the material. The doped solid, like most of the semiconducting oxides, tends to lose oxygen forming oxygen vacancies upon annealing under vacuum and leaving an excess of electrons in the solid. The stoichiometry of the solid can thus be markedly changed depending on the external conditions. Excess electrons are present both as itinerant electrons in the conduction band and as Sn(ii) states lying close to the valence band maximum. The presence of nitride-type centres, which are low energy states located below the top of the valence band, decreases the energy cost for the formation of oxygen vacancies by O2 release from the lattice. This particular feature of the doped system represents a severe limit to the preparation of a p-type SnO2via nitrogen doping.
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15
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Gold Catalysis and Photoactivation: A Fast and Selective Procedure for the Oxidation of Free Sugars. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Electrolyte containing lithium cation in squaraine-sensitized solar cells: interactions and consequences for performance and charge transfer dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:27670-27681. [PMID: 28983545 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04340f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
By optimizing the lithium concentration in an electrolyte to 50 mmol L-1 and the dye-to-chenodeoxycholic acid ratio in a VG1-based dye solution, we achieved 4.7% power conversion efficiency under standard AM 1.5G conditions. In addition to this performance, we herein discuss the role played by lithium in the electrolyte and its interplay in the charge transfer processes from ms to fs dynamics. Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, photoluminescence and pump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy, we conclude that although lithium increases the electron diffusion length, this has no satisfactory impact on electron injection and even slows dye regeneration. This study provides evidence that lithium is not only specifically adsorbed on the surface of TiO2 but prompts a molecular reorganization of the self-assembled dye monolayer, forming harmful H-aggregates.
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Investigation on the Interface Modification of TiO
2
Surfaces by Functional Co‐Adsorbents for High‐Efficiency Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2724-2731. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Comparaison de la toxicité de l’amphotéricine B liposomale et désoxycholate sur des cellules épithéliales alvéolaires par mesures de l’impédance cellulaire en temps réel et du niveau d’expression de gènes de cytokines pro-inflammatoires. J Mycol Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Low-temperature electrodeposition approach leading to robust mesoscopic anatase TiO2 films. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21588. [PMID: 26911529 PMCID: PMC4766494 DOI: 10.1038/srep21588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anatase TiO2, a wide bandgap semiconductor, likely the most worldwide studied inorganic material for many practical applications, offers unequal characteristics for applications in photocatalysis and sun energy conversion. However, the lack of controllable, cost-effective methods for scalable fabrication of homogeneous thin films of anatase TiO2 at low temperatures (ie. < 100 °C) renders up-to-date deposition processes unsuited to flexible plastic supports or to smart textile fibres, thus limiting these wearable and easy-to-integrate emerging technologies. Here, we present a very versatile template-free method for producing robust mesoporous films of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 at temperatures of/or below 80 °C. The individual assembly of the mesoscopic particles forming ever-demonstrated high optical quality beads of TiO2 affords, with this simple methodology, efficient light capture and confinement into the photo-anode, which in flexible dye-sensitized solar cell technology translates into a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 7.2% under A.M.1.5G conditions.
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Phase stability frustration on ultra-nanosized anatase TiO2. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10928. [PMID: 26042388 PMCID: PMC4455250 DOI: 10.1038/srep10928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This work sheds light on the exceptional robustness of anatase TiO2 when it is downsized to an extreme value of 4 nm. Since at this size the surface contribution to the volume becomes predominant, it turns out that the material becomes significantly resistant against particles coarsening with temperature, entailing a significant delay in the anatase to rutile phase transition, prolonging up to 1000 °C in air. A noticeable alteration of the phase stability diagram with lithium insertion is also experienced. Lithium insertion in such nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 converts into a complete solid solution until almost Li1TiO2, a composition at which the tetragonal to orthorhombic transition takes place without the formation of the emblematic and unwished rock salt Li1TiO2 phase. Consequently, excellent reversibility in the electrochemical process is experienced in the whole portion of lithium content.
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Room-Temperature Synthesis of Iron-Doped Anatase TiO2 for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Photocatalysis. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10129-39. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501067p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Poly[μ6-(naphthalene-2,6-di-carboxyl-ato)-bis-(aqua-lithium)]. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2014; 70:m288. [PMID: 25249875 PMCID: PMC4158488 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536814013130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, [Li2(C12H6O4)(H2O)2]n, crystallizes with one half of the molecular entities in the asymmetric unit. The second half is gererated by inversion symmetry. The crystal structure has a layered arrangement built from distorted edge-sharing LiO3(OH)2 tetrahedra parallel to (100), with naphthalenedicarboxylate bridging the LiO3(OH)2 layers along the [100] direction. Hydrogen bonding between the water molecule and adjacent carboxylate groups consolidates the packing.
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Interface Stability of a TiO2/3-Methoxypropionitrile-Based Electrolyte: First Evidence for Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation and Implications. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:1126-37. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Wing geometry as a tool for discrimination of Obsoletus group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides) in France. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 21:110-7. [PMID: 24514019 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In Europe, Culicoides chiopterus, Culicoides dewulfi, Culicoides obsoletus and Culicoides scoticus, which belongs to the subgenus Avaritia and Obsoletus group are the most proficient Bluetongue and Schmallenberg vectors. Within this group, correct identification based on morphological traits is difficult but essential to assess disease transmission risk. The development of new tools has revolutionized taxonomy (i.e. geometric morphometrics and molecular biology). Wing morphology is of primary importance to entomologists interested in systematics. Here, we report phenotypic differentiation patterns among the species above mentioned using a landmark-based geometric morphometric approach that efficiently identified C. chiopterus and C. dewulfi. Wing shape of the C. scoticus sample exhibited large specific variability. Based on landmarks and phylogenetic analyses (Maximum Parsimony), we suggest that Obsoletus group in Europe includes only C. obsoletus and C. scoticus. C. dewulfi and C. chiopterus are clearly excluded. Their shape seems closer to C. obsoletus that is why we suggest that only these two species should be grouped in the Obsoletus group. In addition, the concordance between phenetic clusters and phylogenies inferred from molecular data based on a fragment of the mtDNA COI gene and rDNA 28S suggests the existence of a strong signal in wing shape. These findings encourage us to use this powerful tool in taxonomic studies.
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Structural and optical characterization of electrodeposited CdSe in mesoporous anatase TiO2 for regenerative quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:395401. [PMID: 22972037 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/39/395401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated CdSe-sensitized TiO(2) solar cells by means of electrodeposition under galvanostatic control. The electrodeposition of CdSe within the mesoporous film of TiO(2) gives rise to a uniform, thickness controlled, conformal layer of nanostructured CdSe particles intimately wrapping the anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles. This technique has the advantage of providing not only a fast method for sensitization ( < 5 min) but also being easily scalable to the sensitization of large-area panels. XRD together with SAED analysis highlight that the deposit of CdSe is exclusively constituted of the hexagonal polymorph. In addition, hierarchical growth has also been shown, starting from the formation of a TiO(2)-CdSe core-shell structure followed by the growth of an assembly of CdSe nanoparticles resembling cauliflowers. This assembly exhibits at its core a mosaic texture with crystallites of about 3 nm in size, in contrast to a shell composed of well-crystallized single crystals between 5 and 10 nm in size. Preliminary results on the photovoltaic performance of such a nanostructured composite of TiO(2) and CdSe show 0.8% power conversion efficiency under A.M.1.5 G conditions-100 mW cm(-2) in association with a new regenerative redox couple based on cobalt(+III/+II) polypyridil complex (V(oc ) = 485 mV, J(sc ) = 4.26 mA cm (-2), ff=0.37).
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Morphometric and molecular characterization of the series Guyanensis (Diptera, Psychodidae, Psychodopygus) from the Ecuadorian Amazon Basin with description of a new species. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 12:966-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Symmetric vs. asymmetric squaraines as photosensitisers in mesoscopic injection solar cells: a structure–property relationship study. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2782-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17187b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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The predictive value of the maximum likelihood estimator of the number of contributors to a DNA mixture. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2011; 5:281-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fine-tuning of triarylamine-based photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:731-736. [PMID: 21591270 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of novel organic photosensitizers based on modified triarylamine motives has been achieved. The new "push-pull" dyes, bearing one to three naphthyl units in place of phenyl rings, have been successfully obtained following original synthetic routes. The structural, optical and electrochemical properties of these chromophores were studied by combining crystallographic, experimental and theoretical data. We further present a systematic study of this series of dyes. When embedded in dye-sensitized solar cell devices, the new photosensitizers showed good spectral response with IPCE greater than 85% from 470 to 580 nm and overall power conversion efficiencies reaching 6.6%. One of these new sensitizers, containing one naphthyl attached to the π-conjugated linker and having phenyl rings on the outside, led to the highest molar extinction coefficient and energy conversion efficiency of the series while exhibiting higher electron lifetime.
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Effect of Sensitizer Adsorption Temperature on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:9304-10. [DOI: 10.1021/ja110541t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dye-sensitized solar cells employing a single film of mesoporous TiO2 beads achieve power conversion efficiencies over 10%. ACS NANO 2010; 4:4420-5. [PMID: 20731428 DOI: 10.1021/nn1010396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells employing mesoporous TiO(2) beads have demonstrated longer electron diffusion lengths and extended electron lifetimes over Degussa P25 titania electrodes due to the well interconnected, densely packed nanocrystalline TiO(2) particles inside the beads. Careful selection of the dye to match the dye photon absorption characteristics with the light scattering properties of the beads have improved the light harvesting and conversion efficiency of the bead electrode in the dye-sensitized solar cell. This has resulted in a solar to electric power conversion efficiency (PCE) of greater than 10% (10.6% for Ru(II)-based dye C101 and 10.7% using C106) for the first time using a single screen-printed titania layer cell construction (that is, without an additional scattering layer).
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Abstract
Hierarchical or one-dimensional architectures are among the most exciting developments in material science these recent years. We present a nanostructured TiO(2) assembly combining these two concepts and resembling a forest composed of individual, high aspect-ratio, treelike nanostructures. We propose to use these structures for the photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells, and we achieved 4.9% conversion efficiency in combination with C101 dye. We demonstrate this morphology beneficial to hamper the electron recombination and also mass transport control in the mesopores when solvent-free ionic liquid electrolyte is used.
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Ag6Mo2O7F3Cl: A New Silver Cathode Material for Enhanced ICD Primary Lithium Batteries. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:6461-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100125v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Discrimination of Culicoides obsoletus and Culicoides scoticus, potential bluetongue vectors, by morphometrical and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I analysis. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2010; 10:629-37. [PMID: 20381646 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Biting midges of the Culicoides obsoletus Meigen species complex (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are increasingly suspected as vectors of the recent emergence of bluetongue virus in Europe. Within this complex, identification of the C. obsoletus and Culicoides scoticus females is considered as difficult or sometimes not possible while the identification of males is easy, based on genitalia observation. Nolan et al. (2007) concluded that the distinction of C. obsoletus and C. scoticus females is not possible according to morphology but require molecular analyses. In 2010, the identification of biting midges is done under a stereomicroscope without specific identification within the C. obsoletus species complex. However, such a specific identification distinguishing C. obsoletus s. str. and C. scoticus s. str. is crucial to identify the European competent vectors of the virus, their relative abundances and then accurately assess the risk. We performed morphometric analyses of head, genitalia and thorax of females combined with sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase I barcode fragment of mitochondrial DNA on 88 specimens in order to have a molecular identification of our sampled species. As we knew the actual species of individuals thanks to molecular results, we explored the discriminant power of 15 morphometric variables to distinguish the females according to their species. Multivariate analyses were performed on the morphometric measurements to identify and validate a combination of variables leading to an accurate species identification. It appears that females of C. obsoletus and C. scoticus can be accurately distinguished based on only four variables: width between chitinous plates, length and width of spermathecae1 and length of spermatheca2. This approach should improve the accuracy of morphologically-based species identification.
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Regenerative PbS and CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cells with a cobalt complex as hole mediator. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:7602-8. [PMID: 19499942 DOI: 10.1021/la900247r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Metal sulfide (PbS and CdS) quantum dots (QDs) were prepared over mesoporous TiO2 films by improved successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) processes. The as-prepared QD-sensitized electrodes were combined with a cobalt complex redox couple [Co(o-phen)3]2+/3+ to make a regenerative liquid-type photovoltaic cell. The optimized PbS QD-sensitized solar cells exhibited promising incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of over 50% and an overall conversion efficiency of 2% at 0.1 sun in a regenerative mode. The overall photovoltaic performance of the PbS QD-sensitized cells was observed to be dependent on the final turn of the SILAR process, giving a better result when the final deposition was Pb2+, not S2-. However, in the case of CdS QD-sensitized cells, S2- termination was better than that of Cd2+. The cobalt complex herein used as a regenerative redox couple was found to be more efficient in generating photocurrents from PbS QD cells than the typical hole scavenger Na2S in a three-electrode configuration. The CdS-sensitized cell with this redox mediator also showed better defined current-voltage curves and an IPCE reaching 40%.
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A dendritic oligothiophene ruthenium sensitizer for stable dye-sensitized solar cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2009; 2:761-768. [PMID: 19569164 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.200900058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a new type of dendritic terthiophene attached to a 2,2'-bipyridine ligand for ruthenium-based dye-sensitized solar cells. As a result of the incorporation of this electron-rich terthiophene donor unit into the heteroleptic ruthenium sensitizer [Ru(dcbpy)(3Tbpy)(NCS)(2)] (3T), the lowest-energy metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition is red-shifted and the molar extinction coefficient is increased compared to the analogous standard Z907Na sensitizer. A preliminary investigation of the 3T dye in combination with an iodine/iodide-based electrolyte shows an interesting photovoltaic performance, with a maximum power conversion efficiency of 7.4 % measured under air mass 1.5 global sunlight irradiation. Accelerated testing of these devices at 60 degrees C under full sunlight soaking shows a remarkable stability over 1000 h.
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Ag4V2O6F2 (SVOF): A High Silver Density Phase and Potential New Cathode Material for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:8464-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800793e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Insights into the potentiometric response behaviour vs. Li+ of LiFePO4 thin films in aqueous medium. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 622:163-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Revised: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Pure Na0.44MnO2 samples were prepared via a solid-state route by carefully tuning the synthesis conditions. Insertion/deinsertion of sodium into the well-crystallized particles leads to capacities as high as 140 mA.h/g. A potentiostatic intermittent titration technic, together with in situ X-ray diffraction measurements, enabled us to evidence the presence of six biphasic transitions within a potential range of 2-3.8 V (vs Na+/Na). The insertion process within the NaxMnO2 system is fully reversible over the 0.25 < x < 0.65 composition range and presents some degree of irreversibility as values of x below 0.25 are reached. Furthermore, we similarly showed that HCl treatment has a detrimental effect on these electrochemical properties because of structural and textural evolutions.
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Pulsed Laser Deposition and Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO[sub 4] Thin Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1149/1.1630411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
We compared the occurrence of nephropathia epidemica cases, over a multi-annual population cycle, in northeastern France with the hantavirus serology for bank voles captured in the same area. We discuss hypotheses to explain the pattern of infection in both humans and rodents and their synchrony.
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cDNA cloning of different amyloid peptide precursors in Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02312286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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