The mechanism of sesame oil in ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a Th1 cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the CNS that serves as an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). The study investigated the effectiveness of treatment with sesame oil on the development of EAE. EAE was induced in 8 week old C57BL/6 mice with an emulsion of MOG35-55. Therapy with sesame oil (4 mL/kg/day as oral gavage) was started on day 3 before the immunization. IFN-gamma and IL-10 production from cultured spleen supernatants were determined by the ELISA method. The results showed that daily oral gavage of sesame oil significantly reduced the clinical symptoms of EAE in C57BL/6 mice. In addition, sesame oil-treated mice displayed a significantly delayed disease onset. Mononuclear cells isolated from spleen of sesame oil-treated mice showed a significant decrease in the production of IFN-gamma compared with control mice (p = 0.001). IL-10 production was also enhanced in splenic mononuclear cells in sesame oil-treated mice. The ratio of IFN-gamma to IL-10 in sesame oil-treated EAE mice was significantly less than in non-treated EAE mice (p = 0.01). This report indicates that sesame oil therapy protected mice from developing EAE by reducing IFN-gamma secretion. Thus, sesame oil treatment may be effective in MS patients by immunomodulating the Th1 immune response.

Production of recombinant streptokinase in E. coli and reactivity with immunized mice

Streptokinase (SK) is a potent plasminogen activator with widespread clinical use as a thrombolytic agent. In this study, we produce high level expression of recombinant streptokinase in E. coli by expression vector pET32a. Genomic DNA of streptokinase gene (SKC) was extracted, then amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and sub-cloned to prokaryotic expression vector pET32a. Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS were transformed with pET32a-skc and gene expression was induced by IPTG. The expressed protein was purified by affinity chromatography by Ni-NTA resin. High concentration of the recombinant protein obtained from the single-step purification by affinity-chromatography (Ni-NTA). The yield of recombinant streptokinase was nearly 470 mg L(-1) of initial culture. Our data showed that production of recombinant streptokinase improved by pET32a in Escherichia coli.

Effect of ethanol extract of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on the inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57bl/6 mice

In this study, effect of ethanol extract of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in the treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 mice was evaluated. EAE was induced by immunization of 8 week old mice with MOG(35-55) with complete Freunds adjuvant. Therapy with saffron was started on day the immunization. Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) was assessed by Ferric Reducing-Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. Nitric oxide (NO) production was also estimated by Griess reaction. For histological analysis, mice brain was harvested and sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. After daily oral dosage the saffron significantly reduced the clinical symptoms in C57BL/6 mice with EAE. Also, treated mice displayed a delayed disease onset compared with control mice. TAC production was significantly elevated in saffron treated mice. Effect of saffron on serum NO production was not significant. Typical spinal cord leukocyte infiltration was observed in control mice compared with saffron treated mice. These results suggest for the first time that saffron is effective in the prevention of symptomatic EAE by inhibition of oxidative stress and leukocyte infiltration to CNS and may be potentially useful for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

The profile of cytokines and IgG subclasses in BALB/c mice after immunization with Brucella ribosomal gene

This study was evaluated the ability of DNA vaccine encoding L7/L12 protein of Brucella sp. to induce cellular and humoral immune responses in BALB/c mice and the profile of cytokines and IgG sub classes were determined. Intra muscular vaccination of mice using L7/L12 gene. Three vaccinations at 3 week intervals were performed. Cytokines and IgG subclasses were analyzed 3 week after the last DNA vaccination. Splenic lymphocytes from L7/L12pCDNA3-vaccinated mice produced high levels of IFNy (3100 pg mL(-1)) and low levels of IL-5 (300 pg mL(-1)), 3 weeks post-vaccination. The L7/L12pCDNA3 immunizations elicited high IgG2a isotype response in mice immunized. This antigen also induced IgG1 titers which were slightly lower than the IgG2a titers. Immunological analysis shows the appropriate immune response in BALB/c mice model after vaccination with L7/L12 gene. The high level of IFNgamma and low level of IL-5 in combination with high IgG2a/IgG1 ratio show the activation of Th1 cell response. The lower bacterial cfu from vaccinated mice in comparison with control groups show the efficiency of L7/L12 DNA vaccination in mice model.

Effect of sesame oil on the inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice

Sesame oil was evaluated in the treatment of in C57BL/6 mice. It has profound anti-inflammatory activity and been traditionally used to treat inflammatory disorders. EAE was induced by immunization of 6-8 week old mice with MOG(35-55) with complete Freunds adjuvant. Therapy with sesame oil was started on day 3 before the immunization. Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) was assessed by Ferric Reducing-antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. Nitric Oxide (NO) production was also estimated by Griess reaction. For histological analysis, mice brain was harvested and sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. After daily intraperitoneal dosage the sesame oil significantly reduced the clinical symptoms in C57BL/6 mice with EAE. Also, treated mice displayed a significantly delayed disease onset compared with control mice. Sesame oil significantly increased TAC, but it's effect on serum nitrite production was not significant. Typical brain leukocyte infiltration was observed in control mice compared with treated mice. Present results suggest for the first time that sesame oil therapy may be effective in the prevention of symptomatic EAE. This resistance to encephalomyelitis may be associated with inhibition of oxidative stress.