1
|
Cross MS, Sadaf M, Xu J, Wendel M, Vallurupalli S, Dhar G. MULTIDISCIPLINARY, PATIENT-CENTERED APPROACH TO SEVERE, SYMPTOMATIC RHEUMATIC MITRAL STENOSIS IN PREGNANCY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
|
2
|
Kaur J, Xu J, Alturkmani HJ, Al’Aref S, Dhar G. Severely Calcified Pericardium Causing Constrictive Pericarditis. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2023; 19:7-11. [PMID: 36698864 PMCID: PMC9838225 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is a type of diastolic heart failure caused by an inelastic pericardium that impairs cardiac filling. Diagnosing CP can be challenging, and a variety of imaging techniques may be necessary. We present a unique case of severely calcified pericardium leading to CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep Kaur
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Jack Xu
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | | | - Subhi Al’Aref
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gautam N, Ghanta SN, Clausen A, Saluja P, Sivakumar K, Dhar G, Chang Q, DeMazumder D, Rabbat MG, Greene SJ, Fudim M, Al'Aref SJ. Contemporary Applications of Machine Learning for Device Therapy in Heart Failure. JACC Heart Fail 2022; 10:603-622. [PMID: 36049812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite a better understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of heart failure (HF), pharmacotherapy, surgical, and percutaneous interventions do not prevent disease progression in all patients, and a significant proportion of patients end up requiring advanced therapies. Machine learning (ML) is gaining wider acceptance in cardiovascular medicine because of its ability to incorporate large, complex, and multidimensional data and to potentially facilitate the creation of predictive models not constrained by many of the limitations of traditional statistical approaches. With the coexistence of "big data" and novel advanced analytic techniques using ML, there is ever-increasing research into applying ML in the context of HF with the goal of improving patient outcomes. Through this review, the authors describe the basics of ML and summarize the existing published reports regarding contemporary applications of ML in device therapy for HF while highlighting the limitations to widespread implementation and its future promises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Gautam
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Sai Nikhila Ghanta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Alex Clausen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Prachi Saluja
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kalai Sivakumar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Qi Chang
- Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Mark G Rabbat
- Department of Cardiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen J Greene
- Department of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marat Fudim
- Department of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Subhi J Al'Aref
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu J, Turaga S, Bhama J, Vallurupalli S, Dhar G. Percutaneous Aspiration (AngioVac) of a Mitral Valve Vegetation followed by a Transcatheter Mitral Valve-in-Valve Intervention. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2022; 18:37-44. [PMID: 35891699 PMCID: PMC9284983 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The AngioVac transcatheter aspiration system (Angiodynamics) is used to percutaneously extract thrombi as well as vegetations typically growing from the right heart. We report a case of a failed mitral stented bioprosthesis due to a large vegetation that was treated successfully with AngioVac evacuation through a transseptal puncture followed by valve-in-valve intervention in the same setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Xu
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Shravan Turaga
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Jay Bhama
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | | | - Gaurav Dhar
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mansour M, Radaideh Q, Alaiwah MN, Alnimer Y, Devabhaktuni SR, Dhar G, Vallurupalli S, Michos ED, Newby DE, Williams MC, Fudim M, Al'Aref SJ. Major adverse cardiac events in symptomatic women with non-obstructive CAD on coronary CTA: pooled analysis from PROMISE and SCOT-HEART. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 38:683-693. [PMID: 34628593 PMCID: PMC8930619 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-021-02429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The presence of non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been associated with the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). However, factors associated with the development of MACE in symptomatic women with non-obstructive CAD on coronary CTA have not been fully elucidated. We sought to examine the influence of risk factors and coronary artery calcification on MACE in symptomatic women with non-obstructive CAD on coronary CTA. Women from PROMISE and SCOT-HEART trials with none or non-obstructive CAD on coronary CTA comprised the study cohort. Baseline characteristics and clinical presentation were assessed. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves was done to compare outcomes stratified by the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score and the Agatston score. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and revascularization. 2597 women had non-obstructive CAD or normal coronary CTA, with a median follow-up of 32 months. Compared to women without MACE, women with MACE had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and higher mean ASCVD risk scores. Further, women with non-obstructive CAD and ASCVD ≥ 7.5% had higher risk of MACE than those with ASCVD < 7.5% [3.2% vs. 1.1%, adjusted HR (aHR) of 3.1 (95% CI 1.32, 7.23), P-value 0.009]. The Agatston calcium score, on the other hand, was not independently associated with MACE among this population of symptomatic women. Symptomatic women with non-obstructive CAD on coronary CTA are at higher risk for MACE, with the ASCVD risk score being independently associated with the occurrence of adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munthir Mansour
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Qais Radaideh
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Malek N Alaiwah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yanal Alnimer
- Department of Medicine, Tappahannock Hospital, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Subodh R Devabhaktuni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Srikanth Vallurupalli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David E Newby
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michelle C Williams
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marat Fudim
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Subhi J Al'Aref
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salah HM, Almaddah N, Xu J, Al-Hawwas M, Agarwal SK, Uretsky BF, Dhar G, Al Aref SJ. Gender Differences and Outcomes of Hypoattenuated Leaflet Thickening (HALT) Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-analysis of Randomized and Cohort Studies. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 48:101155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Alturkmani H, Xu J, Chaus A, Vallurupalli S, Dhar G. Percutaneous Management of Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Dehiscence with Combined Valve-in-Valve Replacement and Paravalvular Leak Closure. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2022; 18:117-120. [PMID: 36561851 PMCID: PMC9733145 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This case report describes a patient with bioprosthetic mitral valve dehiscence that resulted in severe paravalvular regurgitation and cardiogenic shock. Due to prohibitive surgical risk, valve-in-valve transcatheter mitral valve replacement was attempted but did not reduce the severity of the prosthetic paravalvular leak (PVL) severity. Subsequent percutaneous PVL closure with a ventricular septal defect occluder successfully reduced the PVL severity and led to significant clinical improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hani Alturkmani
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US,Central Arkansas Veterans Health System, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Jack Xu
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US,Central Arkansas Veterans Health System, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Adib Chaus
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US,Central Arkansas Veterans Health System, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Srikanth Vallurupalli
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US,Central Arkansas Veterans Health System, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, US,Central Arkansas Veterans Health System, Little Rock, Arkansas, US
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vallurupalli S, Sharma T, Al’Aref S, Devabhaktuni SR, Dhar G. Left Atrial Appendage Closure: An Alternative to Anticoagulation for Stroke Prevention in Patients with Kidney Disease. Kidney360 2021; 3:396-402. [PMID: 35373133 PMCID: PMC8967650 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0004082021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Anticoagulation to reduce thromboembolic stroke risk due to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in ESKD is associated with increased bleeding. There is an existing debate in ESKD centers around the pros and cons of anticoagulation. We propose percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion as a third alternative to balance thrombosis and bleeding risks in this high-risk population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Vallurupalli
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas,Correspondence: Srikanth Vallurupalli, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, slot 532, Little Rock, AR 72205.
| | - Tanya Sharma
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Subhi Al’Aref
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | - Gaurav Dhar
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fontana GP, Bedogni F, Groh M, Smith D, Chehab BM, Garrett HE, Yong G, Worthley S, Manoharan G, Walton A, Hermiller J, Dhar G, Waksman R, Ramana RK, Mahoney P, Asch FM, Chakravarty T, Jilaihawi H, Makkar RR. Safety Profile of an Intra-Annular Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Valve and Next-Generation Low-Profile Delivery System. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 13:2467-2478. [PMID: 33153563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterize the safety profile of an intra-annular self-expanding valve with a next-generation low-profile delivery system (DS). BACKGROUND Key design modifications to the FlexNav DS include the addition of a hydrophilic-coated, integrated sheath and stability layer to facilitate gradual, controlled deployment in vessels with diameter ≥5 mm. METHODS Patients were pooled from 2 concurrent prospective, multicenter, single-arm studies (FlexNav DS arm of PORTICO IDE [Portico Re-Sheathable Transcatheter Aortic Valve System U.S. IDE Trial] [n = 134] and the FlexNav EU CE Mark Study [n = 46]) for the analysis. The primary endpoint was Valve Academic Research Consortium-2-defined major vascular complications at 30 days. Clinical outcomes and valve performance were assessed through 30 days by an independent clinical events committee and an echocardiography core laboratory, respectively. RESULTS One hundred forty high-risk and 40 extreme-risk subjects enrolled between October 15, 2018, and December 10, 2019, from 28 sites in the United States, Australia, and Europe who underwent attempted transfemoral Portico valve implantation were included. The mean age was 85.1 ± 5.6 years, 60% were women, the mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 5.3%, and 96.1% presented with ≥1 frailty factor. Technical device success was 96.7%. At 30 days, the rate of major vascular complications was 5.0%, with 4.4% of complications adjudicated as access site-related (3.3% transcatheter aortic valve replacement DS access site-related). Death (0.6%) and disabling stroke (1.1%) were rare. The rate of new permanent pacemaker implantation was 15.4%. Echocardiography revealed a mean gradient of 7.1 ± 3.2 mm Hg, mean valve area of 1.77 ± 0.41 cm2, and a 4.1% rate of moderate paravalvular leak at 30 days. CONCLUSIONS Portico valve implantation with the FlexNav DS was associated with an excellent safety profile at 30 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Fontana
- Cardiovascular Institute, Los Robles Regional Medical Center, Thousand Oaks, California.
| | | | - Mark Groh
- Mission Health and Hospitals, Asheville, North Carolina
| | - David Smith
- Morriston Hospital - Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Bassem M Chehab
- Ascension Via Christi Hospital, University of Kansas, Wichita, Kansas
| | - H Edward Garrett
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Stephen Worthley
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia; Genesis Care, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Gaurav Dhar
- Sparrow Clinical Research Institute, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ravi K Ramana
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, Illinois; Heart Care Centers of Illinois, Palos Park, Illinois
| | - Paul Mahoney
- Sentara Norfolk General Hospital, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Federico M Asch
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Tarun Chakravarty
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Raj R Makkar
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Randhawa MS, Vishwanath R, Rai MP, Wang L, Randhawa AK, Abela G, Dhar G. Association Between Use of Warfarin for Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes Among Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e202175. [PMID: 32250434 PMCID: PMC7136833 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Several studies have examined the role of warfarin in preventing strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease; however, the results remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To assess recently published studies to examine the outcomes of the use of warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease. DATA SOURCES A literature search was performed using the terms warfarin and atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease and warfarin and atrial fibrillation and dialysis in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar databases from January 1, 2008, to February 28, 2019. STUDY SELECTION The studies included were those with patients with end-stage renal disease and atrial fibrillation who were receiving warfarin and with hazard ratios (HRs) of at least 1 primary outcome. The studies excluded were those with a lack of information on outcomes and unreliable 95% CIs of the results. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were followed in selecting studies. Collected data were also scrutinized for reliable 95% CIs. Finally, studies were examined for perceived biases, their limitations, and the definitions of the outcomes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The HRs and 95% CIs were calculated for the incidence of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, major bleeding, and mortality among patients receiving anticoagulants and those not receiving anticoagulants. RESULTS Study selection yielded 15 studies with a total of 47 480 patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease. Of these patients, 10 445 (22.0%) were taking warfarin. With a mean (SD) follow-up period of 2.6 (1.4) years, warfarin use was associated with no significant change for the risk of ischemic stroke (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.82-1.13), with a significantly higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.03-1.94), with no significant difference in the risk of major bleeding (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.99-1.47), and with no change in overall mortality (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83-1.09). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In the studies reviewed, warfarin use appears to have been associated with no change in the incidence of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease. However, from the studies reviewed, it does appear to be associated with a significantly higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant difference in the risk of major bleeding, and with no change in mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep S. Randhawa
- Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo
- Sparrow Clinical Research Institute, Sparrow Healthcare, Lansing, Michigan
| | | | - Manoj P. Rai
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing
| | - Ling Wang
- Division of Occupational and Environment Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing
| | | | - George Abela
- Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo
- Sparrow Clinical Research Institute, Sparrow Healthcare, Lansing, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
A female patient presented with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis after distant surgical aortic valve replacement and subsequent transcatheter aortic valve implantation 6 years prior. A 23-mm CoreValve Evolut (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) was implanted with excellent symptomatic and hemodynamic results. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Grondahl
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Brian J. Grondahl, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Institute, 1140 East Michigan Avenue, Suite 400, Lansing, Michigan 48912.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barham W, Dhar G, S Cho N, Rhine D. Transient Left Atrial Appendage Inversion During Transcatheter Closure Device Placement. J Atr Fibrillation 2019; 12:2211. [PMID: 32435336 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A 72-year-old female patient underwent left atrial appendage closure. During recapture of the occlusion device, transient inversion of the appendageal wall occurred. We describe the mechanism with real-time imaging and share our experience of handling this situation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of this unique recapture complication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Barham
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine/Sparrow Thoracic Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine/Sparrow Thoracic Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Nam S Cho
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine/Sparrow Thoracic Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Lansing, Michigan
| | - David Rhine
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine/Sparrow Thoracic Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Lansing, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saleh Y, Herzallah K, Randhawa M, Elkinany S, Almaghraby A, Dhar G. 600.22 Effect of Body Mass Index on Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.01.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
14
|
Randhawa M, Herzallah K, Saleh Y, Dhar G. TCT-145 Nonagenarians with severe aortic stenosis have comparable mortality outcomes at one year compared to non-nonagenarians with severe aortic stenosis, post-TAVR. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Abela GS, Kalavakunta JK, Janoudi A, Leffler D, Dhar G, Salehi N, Cohn J, Shah I, Karve M, Kotaru VPK, Gupta V, David S, Narisetty KK, Rich M, Vanderberg A, Pathak DR, Shamoun FE. Frequency of Cholesterol Crystals in Culprit Coronary Artery Aspirate During Acute Myocardial Infarction and Their Relation to Inflammation and Myocardial Injury. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1699-1707. [PMID: 28867129 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol crystals (CCs) have been associated with plaque rupture through mechanical injury and inflammation. This study evaluated the presence of CCs during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and associated myocardial injury, inflammation, and arterial blood flow before and after percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients presenting with AMI (n = 286) had aspiration of culprit coronary artery obstruction. Aspirates were evaluated for crystal content, size, composition, and morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallography, and infrared spectroscopy. These were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers, cardiac enzymes, % coronary stenosis, and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) blush and flow grades. Crystals were detected in 254 patients (89%) and confirmed to be cholesterol by spectroscopy. Of 286 patients 240 (84%) had CCs compacted into clusters that were large enough to be measured and analyzed. Moderate to extensive CC content was present in 172 cases (60%). Totally occluded arteries had significantly larger CC clusters than partially occluded arteries (p <0.05). Patients with CC cluster area >12,000 µm2 had significantly elevated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels (p <0.01), were less likely to have TIMI blush grade of 3 (p <0.01), and more likely to have TIMI flow grade of 1 (p <0.01). Patients with recurrent AMI had smaller CC cluster area (p <0.04), lower troponin (p <0.02), and IL-1β levels (p <0.04). Women had smaller CC clusters (p <0.04). Macrophages in the aspirates were found to be attached to CCs. Coronary artery aspirates had extensive deposits of CCs during AMI. In conclusion, presence of large CC clusters was associated with increased inflammation (IL-1β), increased arterial narrowing, and diminished reflow following percutaneous coronary intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George S Abela
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Division of Pathology, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
| | - Jagadeesh K Kalavakunta
- Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Borgess Hospital, Kalamazoo, Michigan and Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Abed Janoudi
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Dale Leffler
- Spectrum Health Medical Group Cardiovascular Medicine, Holland, Michigan
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Sparrow Hospital/Thoracic and Cardiovascular Institute, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Negar Salehi
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Joel Cohn
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Sparrow Hospital/Thoracic and Cardiovascular Institute, Lansing, Michigan
| | | | | | | | - Vishal Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Borgess Hospital, Kalamazoo, Michigan and Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Shukri David
- St. John Providence Health System, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Keerthy K Narisetty
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Division of Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Michael Rich
- College of Engineering, Composite Materials and Structures Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Abigail Vanderberg
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Dorothy R Pathak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Fadi E Shamoun
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh Randhawa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University / Sparrow Hospital, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Manoj P Rai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University / Sparrow Hospital, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University / Sparrow Hospital, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Appa Bandi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University / Sparrow Hospital, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alsara O, Kalavakunta JK, Hajjar V, Alsarah A, Cho N, Dhar G. Surviving sudden cardiac death secondary to anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: a case report and literature review. Heart Lung 2014. [PMID: 25012636 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2014.06.048.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is an uncommon type of congenital coronary anomaly. In adults, the clinical picture of ALCAPA varies widely between being asymptomatic, presenting similarly to other heart diseases, or as malignant arrhythmias. Patients who have cardiac arrest are usually young and do not exhibit prior warning symptoms. In this article we describe a case of a 22-year-old healthy male, who experienced cardiac arrest during exertion. He was then diagnosed with ALCAPA, which was surgically corrected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Alsara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Jagadeesh K Kalavakunta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Victor Hajjar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ahmad Alsarah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nam Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Basu M, Das P, Dhar G, Datta S, Chattopaddhyay S, Bagchi S, Pal R. Pattern and Determinants of Overweight and Obesity Among Future Physicians. Nepal J Epidemiol 2014. [DOI: 10.3126/nje.v4i1.10134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight including obesity is a leading cause of present day morbidity and kills more people than underweight. Keeping this background in mind this study had been conducted to establish the pattern of overweight and obesity in the midst of undergraduate medical group and to find out the association of overweight (plump) and obesity with probable hazardous factors. Materials and Methods This descriptive observational study had been conducted among undergraduate medical group for the duration of May to June 2011. Simple random sampling was adopted to select the students under study. A pretested, predesigned self-administered questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Body Mass Index (BMI) was assessed through weight and height and acted as forecaster of heavy figure and or obesity. Overweight and or obesity were analyzed to see the association with certain socio-demographic variables, dietary habits, family history of overweight and or obesity, life style issues, computer use etc. After collection of data, these were analyzed using tabulation, proportion and Chi square through Epi-Info software. Results The study subjects were young adults. The general pattern of overweight (plump) and obesity was 18.0 percent and 4.0 percent respectively. Overweight and or obesity was found significantly high among male students, fast food and soft drinks takers, low takers of fruits and vegetables, alcohol consumers, students with lack of exercise and family history of obesity. Overweight and obesity were not found associated with type of diet (vegetarian or non-vegetarian) and smoking. Conclusion Presence of probable associated factors with regard to overweight (plump) and obesity exists amid medical undergraduate pupils.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i1.10134 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014;4 (1): 323-329
Collapse
|
19
|
Das P, Basu M, Chowdhury K, Mallik S, Dhar G, Biswas A. Observational assessment and correlates to blood pressure of future physicians of Bengal. Niger J Clin Pract 2013; 16:433-8. [PMID: 23974734 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.116884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension is a modern day epidemic and growing public health problem. A sizable proportion of world populations suffer from prehypertension or hypertension. OBJECTIVES The present study was carried out to detect the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among undergraduate medical students and to identify the associated risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was observational in nature and was done in medical colleges of Bengal. Study tool was a predesigned, pretested, validated, and semi-structured questionnaire containing both open-ended and close-ended questions. Data were collected through self-administration, clinical, and anthropometric examination. The data were then tabulated, analyzed and interpretation was done by using percentage and Chi-square test. RESULTS Most of the students (63%) were young adults, predominantly males (67%) and day scholars (71%). Almost one-third of them either suffered from hypertension or at risk of hypertension. Hypertension was found higher among male students. Family history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus was not associated with hypertension. Vegetarian or nonvegetarian diet or extra-salt consumption was also not associated with hypertension. Smoking was shown positively associated with hypertension but alcohol consumption was not. Higher per capita monthly income and overweight or obesity were shown positively associated with hypertension. CONCLUSION The overall prevalence of hypertension in this study was 13% and there were positive association of hypertension with multiple socio-demographic factors like age, sex, type of family, per capita monthly income, residence, BMI, smoking, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Das
- Department of Community Medicine, Midnapore Medical College, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Caputo RP, Goel A, Pencina M, Cohen DJ, Kleiman NS, Yen CH, Waksman R, Tolerico P, Dhar G, Gordon P, Bach RG, Lopez JJ. Impact of drug eluting stent length on outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (from the EVENT registry). Am J Cardiol 2012; 110:350-5. [PMID: 22560770 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In randomized trials, longer drug-eluting stent (DES) length has been associated with adverse clinical events. We used data from the EVENT registry to examine the impact of DES length on outcomes in routine clinical practice. We identified 5,425 unselected consecutive patients from the EVENT registry who had a single vessel treated with DES for nonemergency indications from 2004 through 2007. The association between stented length and short- and long-term outcomes was analyzed in ordinal categories (<15, 15 to 19, 20 to 24, and >24 mm) and as a continuous variable. There were few differences in baseline characteristics across categories. At 1 year, there was a stepwise increase in major adverse cardiac events (composite of death, myocardial infarction [MI], and target lesion revascularization [TLR]) with increasing stent length (8.0%, 10.1%, 11.8%, and 14.8%, p <0.001) and a similar relation with TLR (3.0%, 3.1%, 3.3%, and 5.0%, p = 0.02). After adjusting for demographic, clinical, angiographic, and treatment characteristics, longer stent length remained associated with 1-year major adverse cardiac events (adjusted hazard ratio 1.17 per 10-mm increase stent length) and TLR (hazard ratio 1.20 per 10 mm), but not with stent thrombosis. In conclusion, longer DES length is associated with increased adverse events, predominantly periprocedural MI, but also an increased rate of TLR.
Collapse
|
21
|
Gadeela N, Rubinstein J, Tamhane U, Huang R, Pathak DR, Hosein HA, Rich M, Dhar G, Abela GS. The Impact of Circulating Cholesterol Crystals on Vasomotor Function. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2011; 4:521-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
22
|
Selke KJ, Dhar G, Cohn JM. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with titration of duloxetine. Tex Heart Inst J 2011; 38:573-576. [PMID: 22163139 PMCID: PMC3231522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient multisegmental left ventricular dysfunction, dynamic electrocardiographic changes that mimic acute myocardial infarction, and the absence of obstructive coronary disease. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy has been solidly associated with antecedent emotional and physical stressors that trigger catecholamine surges, which lead to coronary vasospasm or direct myocardial injury. Some medications can also cause catecholamine surges, although this phenomenon is not as well described. Duloxetine is a combined serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). The basic goal of SNRIs is to increase catecholamine levels in neuronal tissue. However, the increased catecholamine levels may also affect the cardiovascular system.Herein, we report the case of a 59-year-old woman whose takotsubo cardiomyopathy was temporally associated with the titration of duloxetine. The duloxetine therapy was subsequently discontinued, and the patient's left ventricular function recovered completely 1 month after the index event. The purpose of this report is to alert clinicians to a possible association between SNRI medications and takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher J Selke
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ingham Regional Medical Center/Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan 48910, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lopez JJ, Keyes MJ, Nathan S, Piana R, Pencina M, Dhar G, Marso S, Rao S, Shammo S, Marquardt W, Cohen DJ, Kleiman NS. Rapid adoption of drug-eluting stents: clinical practices and outcomes from the early drug-eluting stent era. Am Heart J 2010; 160:767-74. [PMID: 20934573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the early drug-eluting stent (DES) era, characterized by widespread device use. BACKGROUND Contemporary clinical practice incorporating more selective DES use can only be assessed by understanding the early DES era. METHODS All patients receiving DES during the first 3 waves of the Evaluation of Drug Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) Registry (2004-2006) were evaluated. The primary end point was a composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and urgent revascularization at discharge and death, MI, or target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 1 year. The composite end point at each time point was compared across waves. Multivariable logistic regression was used for in-hospital outcomes and multivariable Cox regression was used for 1-year end points. RESULTS Ninety-two percent of EVENT patients received at least one DES. One third of patients were treated for Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) (33.8%), and later waves included lower lesion complexity. Across waves there was more frequent clopidogrel loading, a decrease in heparin and an increase in bivalirudin use (all P < .01). The primary composite end point of in-hospital death, MI or urgent revascularization occurred in 7.2% of patients, and did not differ across waves. Despite remarkably high levels of routine DES usage, the composite end point of death, MI, or TLR at 1 year averaged 13.5% and did not differ across waves. After adjustment, no statistically significant effect of wave on composite bleeding (P = .068) as well as in-hospital TLR (P = .053) was noted. At 1 year, wave was associated with a lower likelihood of TLR in the adjusted model (HR 0.81, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS The high-adoption DES era was associated with favorable outcomes, decreasing bleeding rates and changes in antithrombotic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Lopez
- Loyola Heart and Vascular Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dhar G, Jolly N. Mechanical versus pharmacologic support for cardiogenic shock. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 75:626-9. [PMID: 20049971 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.22229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is a rare cause of cardiogenic shock after an acute myocardial infarction. A case is presented where inotropic support and an intra-aortic balloon pump aggravated the cardiac hemodynamics by this mechanism. The circulatory support provided by Impella 2.5 heart pump, in addition to discontinuation of inotropic support and intra-aortic balloon pump, allowed stabilization and successful percutaneous revascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Dhar
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jolly N, Dhar G, Anderson A. Stenting for persistent left superior vena cava syndrome. J Invasive Cardiol 2010; 22:92-93. [PMID: 20124596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Persistent left superior vena cava is a common congenital anomaly. We present angiographic pictures and hemodynamic tracings from a case of superior vena cava syndrome in a patient with this anomaly. The images depict a challenging percutaneous intervention for the amelioration of the hemodynamic problem, made even more interesting as the patient was a recipient of orthotopic heart transplant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Jolly
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Transhepatic right heart catheterization is an uncommon procedure for adult interventional cardiologists. We report its successful use for closure of a patent foramen ovale in an elderly patient without femoral vein access. Also described is a novel method of using a vascular plug to achieve hemostasis of the hepatic venous access site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Jolly
- Section of Cardiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary cameral fistulas (CCF) are an uncommon clinical entity; encountered occasionally during cardiac catheterization. These fistulas most commonly result from congenital abnormalities leading to neovascularization. Other possible etiologies include trauma during surgery or coronary intervention. These fistulas usually terminate directly in a cardiac chamber, most often in the right ventricle. CASE PRESENTATION We describe two cases of CCF where a previous coronary angiogram did not show the presence of the abnormality. Cardiac catheterization in our first patient revealed the presence of a fistula from the right coronary artery draining into the right ventricle. A coronary angiogram performed three years prior to this procedure revealed no obstructive coronary artery disease and no evidence of this fistula. In contrast our second case had an aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis. A cardiac catheterization prior to the surgery revealed normal coronaries with no fistula. The patient's subsequent angiogram three years later revealed the acute marginal branch of the right coronary artery draining into the right atrium. CONCLUSION Coronary cameral fistula is a rare clinical entity and can be acquired during an individual's lifetime. The puzzling presentation in our first patient is unique because CCF was acquired despite lack of previous instrumentation or trauma to the right coronary artery. The exact mechanism of fistula formation is unknown. However a possible hypothesis is secondary to hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, which has not been described to date.
Collapse
|
28
|
Mykytsey A, Maheshwari P, Dhar G, Razminia M, Zheutlin T, Wang T, Kehoe R. Ventricular Tachycardia Induced by Biventricular Pacing in Patient with Severe Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16:655-8. [PMID: 15946367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2005.40764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a new alternative which affords symptomatic improvement in two-thirds of patients who exhibit medically refractory congestive heart failure (CHF) as well as significant prolongation of the QRS duration (>135 msec). As more experience with CRT accrues, unexpected complications of this promising therapy may become apparent. Herein, we describe a patient with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy and refractory CHF who developed incessant ventricular tachycardia (VT) after the initiation of biventricular pacing. The patient is a 75-year-old man who suffered an inferior myocardial infarction 6 years before presenting for CRT. He underwent a three-vessel CABG in 1997. Subsequently, episodes of near syncopal sustained VT developed, for which he received a dual chamber ICD. In 2001 he developed refractory CHF and ECG revealed LBBB with a QRS duration of 195 msec. Shortly after the initiation of biventricular pacing, the patient developed multiple episodes of drug resistant monomorphic VT that could be terminated only transiently by ICD therapies. Ultimately, the only intervention, which proved to be effective in eliminating VT episodes, was inactivation of LV pacing. Despite subsequent therapeutic regimen of sotalol, lidocaine, tocainide, and quinidine all subsequent attempts to reactivate LV pacing resulted in prompt VT recurrence. CONCLUSION This case represents a clear example of CRT induced proarrhythmia, which required inactivation of LV pacing for effective acute management. Such an intervention should be considered in CRT patients who exhibit a notable increase in drug refractory VT episodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mykytsey
- Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60627, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chatterjee C, Baur B, Ram R, Dhar G, Sandhukhan S, Dan A. A study on awareness of AIDS among school students and teachers of higher secondary schools in north Calcutta. Indian J Public Health 2001; 45:27-30. [PMID: 11917317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher Secondary School students and their teachers were studied to assess the knowledge about AIDS and attitude towards AIDS patients. Only 13.5% senior school students and 16.2% teachers had clear knowledge regarding AIDS--its general aspects, transmission and prevention. Girls had higher and clear knowledge than boys. 45.8% of girls, 38.8% of boys students and 20.3% of teachers had positive attitudes towards nursing an AIDS case. It is suggested that schools have to device ways to open up more effective communication with students in relation to education on sex and AIDS. Training on AIDS should be emphasized on school teachers who on their turn can teach the students in a correct way about AIDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Chatterjee
- Department of Community Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Many surface proteins of Gram-positive bacteria are anchored to the cell wall by a mechanism requiring a COOH-terminal sorting signal with a conserved LPXTG motif. In Staphylococcus aureus, surface proteins are cleaved between the threonine and the glycine of the LPXTG motif. The carboxyl of threonine is subsequently amide linked to the amino group of the pentaglycine cell wall crossbridge. Here we investigated the anchor structure of surface proteins in Listeria monocytogenes. A methionine and six histidines (MH(6)) were inserted upstream of the LPXTG motif of internalin A (InlA), a cell-wall-anchored surface protein of L. monocytogenes. The engineered protein InlA-MH(6)-Cws was found anchored in the bacterial cell wall. After peptidoglycan digestion with phage endolysin, InlA-MH(6)-Cws was purified by affinity chromatography. COOH-terminal peptides of InlA-MH(6)-Cws were obtained by cyanogen bromide cleavage followed by purification on a nickel-nitriloacetic acid column. Analysis of COOH-terminal peptides with Edman degradation and mass spectrometry revealed an amide linkage between the threonine of the cleaved LPXTG motif and the amino group of the m-diaminopimelic acid crossbridge within the listerial peptidoglycan. These results reveal that the cell wall anchoring of surface proteins in Gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus and L. monocytogenes occurs by a universal mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dhar
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bhattacharyya U, Dhar G, Bhaduri A. An arginine residue is essential for stretching and binding of the substrate on UDP-glucose-4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Use of a stacked and quenched uridine nucleotide fluorophore as probe. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:14573-8. [PMID: 10329648 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.21.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the previous paper we demonstrated that uridine-5'-beta-1-(5-sulfonic acid) naphthylamidate (UDPAmNS) is a stacked and quenched fluorophore that shows severalfold enhancement of fluorescence in a stretched conformation. UDPAmNS was found to be a powerful competitive inhibitor (Ki = 0.2 mM) for UDP-glucose-4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. This active site-directed fluorophore assumed a stretched conformation on the enzyme surface, as was evidenced by full enhancement of fluorescence in saturating enzyme concentration. Complete displacement of the fluorophore by UDP suggested it to bind to the substrate binding site of the active site. Analysis of inactivation kinetics in presence of alpha,beta-diones such as phenylglyoxal, cyclohaxanedione, and 2,3-butadione suggested involvement of the essential arginine residue in the overall catalytic process. From spectral analysis, loss of activity could also be directly correlated with modification of only one arginine residue. Protection experiments with UDP showed the arginine residue to be located in the uridyl phosphate binding subsite. Unlike the native enzyme, the modified enzyme failed to show any enhancement of fluorescence with UDPAmNS clearly demonstrating the role of the essential arginine residue in stretching and binding of the substrate. The potential usefulness of such stacked and quenched nucleotide fluorophores has been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Bhattacharyya
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Calcutta, India 700032, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Intramolecular aromatic interactions in aqueous solution often lead to stacked conformation for model organic molecules. This designing principle was used to develop stacked and folded uridine nucleotide analogs that showed highly quenched fluoroscence in aqueous solution by attaching the fluorophore 1-aminonaphthalene-5-sulfonate (AmNS) to the terminal phosphate via a phosphoramidate bond. Severalfold enhancement of fluorescence could be observed by destacking the molecules in organic solvents, such as isopropanol and dimethylsulfoxide or by enzymatic cleavage of the pyrophosphate bond. Stacking and destacking were confirmed by 1-H NMR spectroscopy. The extent of quenching of the uridine derivatives correlated very well with the extent of stacking. Taking 5-H as the monitor, temperature-variable NMR studies demonstrated the presence of a rapid interconversionary equilibrium between the stacked and open forms for uridine-5'-diphosphoro-beta-1-(5-sulfonic acid) naphthylamidate (UDPAmNS) in aqueous solution. DeltaH was calculated to be -2.3 Kcal/mol, with 43-50% of the population in stacked conformation. Fluorescence lifetime for UDPAmNS in water was determined to be 2.5 ns as against 11 ns in dimethyl sulfoxide or 15 ns for the pyrophosphate adduct of AmNS in water. Such a greatly reduced lifetime for UDPAmNS in water suggests collisional interaction between the pyrimidine and thefluorophore moieties to be responsible for quenching. The potential usefulness of such stacked and quenched nucleotide fluorophores as probes for protein-ligand interaction studies has been briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dhar
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Calcutta, India 700032, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bhatt R, Pk D, Dhar G, Sf J, Kochbar M, Bg K, Kutty D, Rajan R, Nn R, Raghavan S. ADJUNCTIVE USE OF LAMINARIA TENT WITH INTRAMUSCULAR 15(S)15 METHYL PGF 2α FOR INDUCTION OF SECOND TRIMESTER ABORTION. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1988; 67:41-43. [PMID: 29120049 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.1988.67.s145.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The adjunctive use of laminaria tent along with intramuscular 15(S)15 methyl PGF2α (Prostin 15M, Upjohn) was studied for induction of second trimester abortion. Three hundred and two patients from eight centres were recruited for the study. Ninety-two were primigravidae and 210 were multigravidae. One to three laminaria tents were inserted overnight and they were removed before the start of treatment with 250 µg Prostin 15M administered intramuscularly every two hours till abortion. Of primigravida 81.5% and of the multigravidae 79.5% aborted within 24 hours of treatment. The induction abortion interval in the primigravida was 11.2 hours and in multigravidae it was 12.0 hours. The overall incomplete abortion rate was 31.0%. The pimigravidae had higher mean number of episodes of vomiting (2.5) and diarrhea (2.9) than the multigravidae (1.7 and 1.5, respectively). No other complications or injuries to genital tract were reported.
Collapse
|
34
|
RV B, PK D, Dhar G, SF J, Kochhar M, BG K, Kutty D, R R, NN R, KS R. INDUCTION OF SECOND TRIMESTER ABORTION BY INTRAAMNIOTIC ADMINISTRATION OF 15(S)15 METHYL PGF 2α
. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1988; 67:21-24. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.1988.67.s145.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Kachru S, Jamila B, Khanum W, Dhar G. Seven years experience with vacuum extractor in obstetric practice in Kashmir. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1979; 29:547-51. [PMID: 12156547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
|
36
|
Malik S, Dhar G, Dhar GM. A study of cervical mucus test as an indicator of ovulation. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1979; 29:212-6. [PMID: 488509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
37
|
Verma KC, Dhar G. Iodine-induced neonatal congenital goitre with hypothyroidism. J Indian Med Assoc 1977; 68:80-1. [PMID: 908833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
38
|
Verma KC, Dhar G. Relationship of maternal anaemia, birth weight and perinatal mortality in low birth weight neonates: (a hospital study). Indian Pediatr 1976; 13:439-41. [PMID: 977112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|