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Cordonnier M, Kaufmann B, Simon L, Escarguel G, Mondy N. Discrimination of conspecifics from heterospecifics in a hybrid zone: Behavioral and chemical cues in ants. Insect Sci 2022; 29:276-288. [PMID: 33913250 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Species and nestmate recognition in social insects occurs mostly through cuticular hydrocarbons acting as chemical cues. These compounds generate a colony-specific odor profile depending on genetic and environmental factors. Species and nestmate recognition results in specific behavioral responses, regulating the level of aggression toward other individuals during an interaction. Although species discrimination and recognition cues have been poorly studied in the context of interspecific hybridization, such systems offer an opportunity to further investigate the influence of heritable and environmental factors on recognition. We explored the strength of discrimination in a hybrid zone between two ant species-Tetramorium immigrans and T. caespitum-by comparing cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and measuring intra- and interspecific worker aggression in both areas of sympatry and areas of allopatry among species. Species cuticular hydrocarbon profiles were well-differentiated and interspecific aggression was high, revealing highly discriminating species recognition cues. Hybrids' cuticular hydrocarbon profiles consisted of a mixture of the parental bouquets, but also exhibited hybrid-specific patterns. Behavioral assays showed that T. immigrans is as aggressive toward hybrids as toward heterospecifics. Finally, aggression between heterospecific workers was lower when interacting individuals came from areas of sympatry among species than from areas of allopatry. Taken as a whole, these findings paint a particularly complex picture of the recognition system in T. immigrans, T. caespitum, and their hybrids, and highlight that hybrid zones afford a still underexplored opportunity for investigating recognition mechanisms and discrimination between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Cordonnier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bernard Kaufmann
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Simon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nathalie Mondy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
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2
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Smith CPA, Laville T, Fara E, Escarguel G, Olivier N, Vennin E, Goudemand N, Bylund KG, Jenks JF, Stephen DA, Hautmann M, Charbonnier S, Krumenacker LJ, Brayard A. Exceptional fossil assemblages confirm the existence of complex Early Triassic ecosystems during the early Spathian. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19657. [PMID: 34608207 PMCID: PMC8490361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mass extinction characterizing the Permian/Triassic boundary (PTB; ~ 252 Ma) corresponds to a major faunal shift between the Palaeozoic and the Modern evolutionary fauna. The temporal, spatial, environmental, and ecological dynamics of the associated biotic recovery remain highly debated, partly due to the scarce, or poorly-known, Early Triassic fossil record. Recently, an exceptionally complex ecosystem dated from immediately after the Smithian/Spathian boundary (~ 3 myr after the PTB) was reported: the Paris Biota (Idaho, USA). However, the spatiotemporal representativeness of this unique assemblage remained questionable as it was hitherto only reported from a single site. Here we describe three new exceptionally diverse assemblages of the same age as the Paris Biota, and a fourth younger one. They are located in Idaho and Nevada, and are taxonomic subsets of the Paris Biota. We show that the latter covered a region-wide area and persisted at least partially throughout the Spathian. The presence of a well-established marine fauna such as the Paris Biota, as soon as the early Spathian, indicates that the post-PTB biotic recovery and the installation of complex ecosystems probably took place earlier than often assumed, at least at a regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P A Smith
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Thomas Laville
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CR2P, UMR 7207, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Fara
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- LEHNA UMR 5023, CNRS, ENTPE, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Olivier
- LMV, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vennin
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Goudemand
- IGFL UMR 5242, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69364, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Daniel A Stephen
- Department of Earth Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, 84058, USA
| | - Michael Hautmann
- Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich, 8006, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Charbonnier
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CR2P, UMR 7207, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - L J Krumenacker
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, 83209-8072, USA
| | - Arnaud Brayard
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
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Cordonnier M, Escarguel G, Dumet A, Kaufmann B. Multiple mating in the context of interspecific hybridization between two Tetramorium ant species. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 124:675-684. [PMID: 32205865 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-0310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In eusocial Hymenoptera, haplodiploidy and polyandry may facilitate selection for hybridization. Interspecific hybridization is widespread in ants and can lead to hybrid inviability as well as the formation of new species through hybrid speciation. However, in ants, polyandry is uncommon. By analyzing microsatellite markers on 15 ant workers per colony, we show that the mating system of 28 pure colonies of Tetramorium immigrans, 15 pure colonies of Tetramorium caespitum, and 27 hybrid colonies is a monogyne/polyandrous mating system, with a higher mating rate in T. caespitum (mean = 2.4 males vs. 1.7 in T. immigrans). Hybrid queens, but no hybrid fathers, were deduced from workers' genotypes, in accordance with Haldane's rule extended to haplodiploid organisms, which states that the haploid sex should more often be sterile or inviable. In five colonies, hybridization and multiple mating allowed the simultaneous production of both hybrid and nonhybrid offspring. Although rare, these situations hinted at asymmetrical, larger contributions of T. immigrans vs. T. caespitum males to offspring production. Together, these findings point toward a complex and dynamic mating system in T. immigrans and T. caespitum, and contribute to better understand interspecific hybridization mechanisms and their consequences on genetic and taxonomic diversity. The study of polyandry within a hybrid zone is unprecedented and opens new opportunities to better understand interspecific hybridization mechanisms and their short- to long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Cordonnier
- Univ. Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69622, Lyon, France.
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Univ. Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69622, Lyon, France
| | - Adeline Dumet
- Univ. Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69622, Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Kaufmann
- Univ. Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, ENTPE, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69622, Lyon, France
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4
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Warny S, Ferguson S, Hafner MS, Escarguel G. Using museum pelt collections to generate pollen prints from high-risk regions: A new palynological forensic strategy for geolocation. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 306:110061. [PMID: 31841931 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.110061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of pollen as a forensic tool for geolocation is a well-established practice worldwide in cases ranging from the provenance of drugs and other illicit materials to tracking the travel of individuals in criminal investigations. Here we propose a novel approach to generation of pollen databases that uses pollen vacuumed from mammal pelts collected historically from international areas that are now deemed too high risk to visit. We present the results of a study we conducted using mammal pelts collected from Mexico. This new investigative technique is important because, although it would seem that the ubiquitous and geo-specific nature of pollen would make pollen analysis among the most promising forensic tools for law enforcement and intelligence agencies, it is not the case. The process is notoriously slow because pollen identification is a tedious task requiring trained specialists (palynologists) who are few in number worldwide, and the reference materials necessary for geolocation usually are rare or absent, especially from regions of the world that are no longer safe to visit because of war or threat of terrorism. Current forensic palynological work is carried out by a few highly trained palynologists who require accurate databases of pollen distribution, especially from sensitive areas, to do their jobs accurately and efficiently. Our project shows the suitability of using the untapped museum pelt resources to support homeland security programs. This first palynological study using museum pelts yielded 133 different pollen and spore types, including 8 moss or fern families, 12 gymnosperm genera and 112 angiosperm species. We show that the palynological print from each region is statistically different with some important clustering, demonstrating the potential to use this technique for geolocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Warny
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, E235 Howe-Russell, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA; Museum of Natural Science, 109 Foster Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
| | - Shannon Ferguson
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, E235 Howe-Russell, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA; Museum of Natural Science, 109 Foster Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Mark S Hafner
- Museum of Natural Science, 109 Foster Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Laboratoire d'écologie des hydrosystèmes naturels et anthropisés, UMR CNRS 5023, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Cordonnier M, Gayet T, Escarguel G, Kaufmann B. From hybridization to introgression between two closely related sympatric ant species. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Cordonnier
- UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE Université Lyon Lyon France
| | - Thibault Gayet
- UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, Université Lyon 1 Université de Lyon Lyon France
- Unité Cervidés Sangliers Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage Birieux France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE Université Lyon Lyon France
| | - Bernard Kaufmann
- UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE Université Lyon Lyon France
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Brayard A, Krumenacker LJ, Botting JP, Jenks JF, Bylund KG, Fara E, Vennin E, Olivier N, Goudemand N, Saucède T, Charbonnier S, Romano C, Doguzhaeva L, Thuy B, Hautmann M, Stephen DA, Thomazo C, Escarguel G. Unexpected Early Triassic marine ecosystem and the rise of the Modern evolutionary fauna. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1602159. [PMID: 28246643 PMCID: PMC5310825 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the wake of the end-Permian mass extinction, the Early Triassic (~251.9 to 247 million years ago) is portrayed as an environmentally unstable interval characterized by several biotic crises and heavily depauperate marine benthic ecosystems. We describe a new fossil assemblage-the Paris Biota-from the earliest Spathian (middle Olenekian, ~250.6 million years ago) of the Bear Lake area, southeastern Idaho, USA. This highly diversified assemblage documents a remarkably complex marine ecosystem including at least seven phyla and 20 distinct metazoan orders, along with algae. Most unexpectedly, it combines early Paleozoic and middle Mesozoic taxa previously unknown from the Triassic strata, among which are primitive Cambrian-Ordovician leptomitid sponges (a 200-million year Lazarus taxon) and gladius-bearing coleoid cephalopods, a poorly documented group before the Jurassic (~50 million years after the Early Triassic). Additionally, the crinoid and ophiuroid specimens show derived anatomical characters that were thought to have evolved much later. Unlike previous works that suggested a sluggish postcrisis recovery and a low diversity for the Early Triassic benthic organisms, the unexpected composition of this exceptional assemblage points toward an early and rapid post-Permian diversification for these clades. Overall, it illustrates a phylogenetically diverse, functionally complex, and trophically multileveled marine ecosystem, from primary producers up to top predators and potential scavengers. Hence, the Paris Biota highlights the key evolutionary position of Early Triassic fossil ecosystems in the transition from the Paleozoic to the Modern marine evolutionary fauna at the dawn of the Mesozoic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Brayard
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
- Corresponding author.
| | - L. J. Krumenacker
- Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173480, Bozeman, MT 59717–3480, USA
| | - Joseph P. Botting
- Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
- Department of Geology, National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3NP, U.K
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Fara
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vennin
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Olivier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, 5 rue Kessler, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Goudemand
- Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon–CNRS 5242–Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Unités Sous Contrat INRA USC 1370, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Thomas Saucède
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sylvain Charbonnier
- Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (UMR 7207), Sorbonne Universités–MNHN, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Carlo Romano
- Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Larisa Doguzhaeva
- Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ben Thuy
- Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum Luxembourg, 25 rue Münster, L-2160 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Hautmann
- Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A. Stephen
- Department of Earth Science, Utah Valley University, 800 West University Parkway, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Christophe Thomazo
- Biogéosciences UMR 6282, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, 27-43 Boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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7
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Thomazo C, Vennin E, Brayard A, Bour I, Mathieu O, Elmeknassi S, Olivier N, Escarguel G, Bylund KG, Jenks J, Stephen DA, Fara E. A diagenetic control on the Early Triassic Smithian-Spathian carbon isotopic excursions recorded in the marine settings of the Thaynes Group (Utah, USA). Geobiology 2016; 14:220-236. [PMID: 26842810 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction, Early Triassic sediments record some of the largest Phanerozoic carbon isotopic excursions. Among them, a global Smithian-negative carbonate carbon isotope excursion has been identified, followed by an abrupt increase across the Smithian-Spathian boundary (SSB; ~250.8 Myr ago). This chemostratigraphic evolution is associated with palaeontological evidence that indicate a major collapse of terrestrial and marine ecosystems during the Late Smithian. It is commonly assumed that Smithian and Spathian isotopic variations are intimately linked to major perturbations in the exogenic carbon reservoir. We present paired carbon isotopes measurements from the Thaynes Group (Utah, USA) to evaluate the extent to which the Early Triassic isotopic perturbations reflect changes in the exogenic carbon cycle. The δ(13) Ccarb variations obtained here reproduce the known Smithian δ(13) Ccarb -negative excursion. However, the δ(13) C signal of the bulk organic matter is invariant across the SSB and variations in the δ(34) S signal of sedimentary sulphides are interpreted here to reflect the intensity of sediment remobilization. We argue that Middle to Late Smithian δ(13) Ccarb signal in the shallow marine environments of the Thaynes Group does not reflect secular evolution of the exogenic carbon cycle but rather physicochemical conditions at the sediment-water interface leading to authigenic carbonate formation during early diagenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thomazo
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - E Vennin
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - A Brayard
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - I Bour
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - O Mathieu
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - S Elmeknassi
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - N Olivier
- Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal - CNRS - IRD, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - G Escarguel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR CNRS 5023, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | | | | - D A Stephen
- Department of Earth Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA
| | - E Fara
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Morard R, Escarguel G, Weiner AKM, André A, Douady CJ, Wade CM, Darling KF, Ujiié Y, Seears HA, Quillévéré F, de Garidel-Thoron T, de Vargas C, Kucera M. Nomenclature for the Nameless: A Proposal for an Integrative Molecular Taxonomy of Cryptic Diversity Exemplified by Planktonic Foraminifera. Syst Biol 2016; 65:925-40. [PMID: 27073250 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations of biodiversity, biogeography, and ecological processes rely on the identification of "species" as biologically significant, natural units of evolution. In this context, morphotaxonomy only provides an adequate level of resolution if reproductive isolation matches morphological divergence. In many groups of organisms, morphologically defined species often disguise considerable genetic diversity, which may be indicative of the existence of cryptic species. The diversity hidden by morphological species can be disentangled through genetic surveys, which also provide access to data on the ecological distribution of genetically circumscribed units. These units can be identified by unique DNA sequence motifs and allow studies of evolutionary and ecological processes at different levels of divergence. However, the nomenclature of genetically circumscribed units within morphological species is not regulated and lacks stability. This represents a major obstacle to efforts to synthesize and communicate data on genetic diversity for multiple stakeholders. We have been confronted with such an obstacle in our work on planktonic foraminifera, where the stakeholder community is particularly diverse, involving geochemists, paleoceanographers, paleontologists, and biologists, and the lack of stable nomenclature beyond the level of formal morphospecies prevents effective transfer of knowledge. To circumvent this problem, we have designed a stable, reproducible, and flexible nomenclature system for genetically circumscribed units, analogous to the principles of a formal nomenclature system. Our system is based on the definition of unique DNA sequence motifs collocated within an individual, their typification (in analogy with holotypes), utilization of their hierarchical phylogenetic structure to define levels of divergence below that of the morphospecies, and a set of nomenclature rules assuring stability. The resulting molecular operational taxonomic units remain outside the domain of current nomenclature codes, but are linked to formal morphospecies as regulated by the codes. Subsequently, we show how this system can be applied to classify genetically defined units using the SSU rDNA marker in planktonic foraminifera and we highlight its potential use for other groups of organisms where similarly high levels of connectivity between molecular and formal taxonomies can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Morard
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, 28359 Bremen, Germany,
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Université de Lyon; UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystémes Naturels et Anthropisés; Universiteì Lyon 1; ENTPE; CNRS; 6 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnes K M Weiner
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, 28359 Bremen, Germany, Japan Agency for Marine Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aurore André
- Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de la Housse, Batiment 18, 51100 REIMS, France
| | - Christophe J Douady
- Université de Lyon; UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystémes Naturels et Anthropisés; Universiteì Lyon 1; ENTPE; CNRS; 6 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France, Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Boulevard Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christopher M Wade
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kate F Darling
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK, School of Geography and GeoSciences, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL, UK
| | - Yurika Ujiié
- Department of Biology, Shinshu University, Asahi3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Heidi A Seears
- Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, 485 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Frédéric Quillévéré
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5276 LGL-TPE, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thibault de Garidel-Thoron
- Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, et Aix-Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Colomban de Vargas
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7144, EPEP, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France, and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Michal Kucera
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Clavel
- Ecole Normale Supérieure IBENS UMR 8197 CNRS 46 rue d'Ulm 75005 Paris France
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR 5276 CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, ENS Lyon Campus de la Doua 2 rue Raphaël Dubois 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR 5276 CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, ENS Lyon Campus de la Doua 2 rue Raphaël Dubois 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Gildas Merceron
- IPHEP, UMR 7262 CNRS, Université de Poitiers Bat. B35 – TSA‐51106 – 6 rue M. Brunet 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
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Morard R, Darling KF, Mahé F, Audic S, Ujiié Y, Weiner AKM, André A, Seears HA, Wade CM, Quillévéré F, Douady CJ, Escarguel G, de Garidel-Thoron T, Siccha M, Kucera M, de Vargas C. PFR2: a curated database of planktonic foraminifera 18S ribosomal DNA as a resource for studies of plankton ecology, biogeography and evolution. Mol Ecol Resour 2015; 15:1472-85. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Morard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; UMR 7144; EPEP; Station Biologique de Roscoff; 29680 Roscoff France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7144; Station Biologique de Roscoff; 29680 Roscoff France
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; University of Bremen; Leobener Strasse 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Kate F. Darling
- School of GeoSciences; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh EH9 3JW UK
- School of Geography and GeoSciences; University of St Andrews; Fife KY16 9AL UK
| | - Frédéric Mahé
- Department of Ecology; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Stéphane Audic
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; UMR 7144; EPEP; Station Biologique de Roscoff; 29680 Roscoff France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7144; Station Biologique de Roscoff; 29680 Roscoff France
| | - Yurika Ujiié
- Department of Biology; Shinshu University; Asahi3-1-1 Matsumoto Nagano 390-8621 Japan
| | - Agnes K. M. Weiner
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; University of Bremen; Leobener Strasse 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Aurore André
- CNRS UMR 5276; Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; 69622 Villeurbanne France
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles; Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne; Campus Moulin de la Housse Batiment 18 51100 Reims France
| | - Heidi A. Seears
- School of Life Sciences; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
- Department of Biological Sciences; Lehigh University; Iacocca Hall 111 Research Drive Bethlehem PA 18105 USA
| | - Christopher M. Wade
- School of Life Sciences; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Frédéric Quillévéré
- CNRS UMR 5276; Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Christophe J. Douady
- UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés; Université Lyon 1; ENTPE; CNRS; Université de Lyon; 6 rue Raphaël Dubois 69622 Villeurbanne France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 103 Boulevard Saint-Michel 75005 Paris France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- CNRS UMR 5276; Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Michael Siccha
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; University of Bremen; Leobener Strasse 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Michal Kucera
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; University of Bremen; Leobener Strasse 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Colomban de Vargas
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; UMR 7144; EPEP; Station Biologique de Roscoff; 29680 Roscoff France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7144; Station Biologique de Roscoff; 29680 Roscoff France
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André A, Quillévéré F, Morard R, Ujiié Y, Escarguel G, de Vargas C, de Garidel-Thoron T, Douady CJ. SSU rDNA divergence in planktonic foraminifera: molecular taxonomy and biogeographic implications. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104641. [PMID: 25119900 PMCID: PMC4131912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of planktonic foraminifera in paleoceanography requires taxonomic consistency and precise assessment of the species biogeography. Yet, ribosomal small subunit (SSUr) DNA analyses have revealed that most of the modern morpho-species of planktonic foraminifera are composed of a complex of several distinct genetic types that may correspond to cryptic or pseudo-cryptic species. These genetic types are usually delimitated using partial sequences located at the 3'end of the SSUrDNA, but typically based on empirical delimitation. Here, we first use patristic genetic distances calculated within and among genetic types of the most common morpho-species to show that intra-type and inter-type genetic distances within morpho-species may significantly overlap, suggesting that genetic types have been sometimes inconsistently defined. We further apply two quantitative and independent methods, ABGD (Automatic Barcode Gap Detection) and GMYC (General Mixed Yule Coalescent) to a dataset of published and newly obtained partial SSU rDNA for a more objective assessment of the species status of these genetic types. Results of these complementary approaches are highly congruent and lead to a molecular taxonomy that ranks 49 genetic types of planktonic foraminifera as genuine (pseudo)cryptic species. Our results advocate for a standardized sequencing procedure allowing homogenous delimitations of (pseudo)cryptic species. On the ground of this revised taxonomic framework, we finally provide an integrative taxonomy synthesizing geographic, ecological and morphological differentiations that can occur among the genuine (pseudo)cryptic species. Due to molecular, environmental or morphological data scarcities, many aspects of our proposed integrative taxonomy are not yet fully resolved. On the other hand, our study opens up the potential for a correct interpretation of environmental sequence datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore André
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5276: Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6112: Laboratoire de Planétologie et de Géodynamique - Bioindicateurs Actuels et Fossiles, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Frédéric Quillévéré
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5276: Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Raphaël Morard
- Zentrum für marine Umweltwissenschaften MARUM, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Yurika Ujiié
- Department of Biology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5276: Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Colomban de Vargas
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7144: Evolution des Protistes et des Ecosystèmes Pélagiques, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Thibault de Garidel-Thoron
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de l'Environnement, Université Aix-Marseille, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Christophe J. Douady
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5023: Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Fluviaux, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Clavel
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR 5276, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, ENS Lyon, Campus de la Doua, 2 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; and 2IPHEP, UMR 7262, CNRS & Université de Poitiers, Bat. B35, 6 rue M. Brunet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Gildas Merceron
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR 5276, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, ENS Lyon, Campus de la Doua, 2 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; and 2IPHEP, UMR 7262, CNRS & Université de Poitiers, Bat. B35, 6 rue M. Brunet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR 5276, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, ENS Lyon, Campus de la Doua, 2 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; and 2IPHEP, UMR 7262, CNRS & Université de Poitiers, Bat. B35, 6 rue M. Brunet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Clavel J, Merceron G, Hristova L, Spassov N, Kovachev D, Escarguel G. On Mesopithecus habitat: Insights from late Miocene fossil vertebrate localities of Bulgaria. J Hum Evol 2012; 63:162-79. [PMID: 22677560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the environments where the cercopithecid Mesopithecus was found during latest Miocene in Europe. For this purpose, we investigate the paleoecology of the herbivorous ungulate mesofauna of three very rich late Miocene fossil localities from southwestern Bulgaria: Hadjidimovo, Kalimantsi and Strumyani. While Mesopithecus has been found in the two first localities, no primate remains have yet been identified in Strumyani. Comparison between localities with and without primates using the herbivore mesofauna allows the cross-corroboration of paleoenvironmental conditions where this primate did and did not live. A multi-parameter statistical approach involving 117 equid and 345 bovid fossil dental and postcranial (phalanges, metapodia, astragali) remains from these three localities provides species to generic-level diet and locomotor habit information in order to characterize the environment in which Mesopithecus evolved. The analysis of dental mesowear indicates that the bovids were mainly mixed feeders, while coeval equids were more engaged in grazing. Meanwhile, postcranial remains show that the ungulate species from Hadjidimovo and Kalimantsi evolved in dry environments with a continuum of habitats ranging from slightly wooded areas to relatively open landscapes, whereas the Mesopithecus-free Strumyani locality was in comparison reflecting a rather contrasted mosaic of environments with predominant open and some more closed and wet areas. Environments in which Mesopithecus is known during the late Miocene were not contrasted landscapes combining open grassy areas and dense forested patches, but instead rather restricted to slightly wooded and homogeneous landscapes including a developed grassy herbaceous layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Clavel
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Terre, Planètes, Environnement, UMR 5276, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS Lyon, Bvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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Morard R, Quillévéré F, Douady CJ, de Vargas C, de Garidel-Thoron T, Escarguel G. Worldwide genotyping in the planktonic foraminifer Globoconella inflata: implications for life history and paleoceanography. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26665. [PMID: 22028935 PMCID: PMC3197684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The planktonic foraminiferal morpho-species Globoconella inflata is widely used as a stratigraphic and paleoceanographic index. While G. inflata was until now regarded as a single species, we show that it rather constitutes a complex of two pseudo-cryptic species. Our study is based on SSU and ITS rDNA sequence analyses and genotyping of 497 individuals collected at 49 oceanic stations covering the worldwide range of the morpho-species. Phylogenetic analyses unveil the presence of two divergent genotypes. Type I inhabits transitional and subtropical waters of both hemispheres, while Type II is restricted to the Antarctic subpolar waters. The two genetic species exhibit a strictly allopatric distribution on each side of the Antarctic Subpolar Front. On the other hand, sediment data show that G. inflata was restricted to transitional and subtropical environments since the early Pliocene, and expanded its geographic range to southern subpolar waters ∼700 kyrs ago, during marine isotopic stage 17. This datum may correspond to a peripatric speciation event that led to the partition of an ancestral genotype into two distinct evolutionary units. Biometric measurements performed on individual G. inflata from plankton tows north and south of the Antarctic Subpolar Front indicate that Types I and II display slight but significant differences in shell morphology. These morphological differences may allow recognition of the G. inflata pseudo-cryptic species back into the fossil record, which in turn may contribute to monitor past movements of the Antarctic Subpolar Front during the middle and late Pleistocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Morard
- CNRS UMR 5276 Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
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Abstract
Over the last decades, the critical study of fossil diversity has led to significant advances in the knowledge of global macroevolutionary patterns of biodiversity. The deep-time history of life on Earth results from background originations and extinctions defining a steady-state, nonstationary equilibrium occasionally perturbed by biotic crises and "explosive" diversifications. More recently, a macroecological approach to the large-scale distribution of extant biodiversity offered new, stimulating perspectives on old theoretical questions and current practical problems in conservation biology. However, time and space are practically distinct, but functionally related dimensions of ecological systems. This calls for a spatially-integrated study of biodiversity dynamics at an evolutionary timescale. Indeed, the biosphere is a complex adaptive system whose study cannot be arbitrarily reduced to any single spatial- and/or temporal-scale level of resolution without a loss of content. From such an integrated perspective, a simple fact emerges: in a physically heterogeneous and ever-changing world, spatiotemporal variations in biodiversity are the rule-not the exception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Escarguel
- UMR-CNRS 5276, laboratoire de géologie de Lyon, Terre, planètes, environnement, université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, 27-43, boulevard du 11-Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
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Merceron G, Escarguel G, Angibault JM, Verheyden-Tixier H. Can dental microwear textures record inter-individual dietary variations? PLoS One 2010; 5:e9542. [PMID: 20209051 PMCID: PMC2832010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental microwear analyses are commonly used to deduce the diet of extinct mammals. Conventional methods rely on the user identifying features within a 2D image. However, recent interdisciplinary research has lead to the development of an advanced methodology that is free of observer error, based on the automated quantification of 3D surfaces by combining confocal microscopy with scale-sensitive fractal analysis. This method has already proved to be very efficient in detecting dietary differences between species. Focusing on a finer, intra-specific scale of analysis, the aim of this study is to test this method's ability to track such differences between individuals from a single population. Methodology/Principal Findings For the purposes of this study, the 3D molar microwear of 78 individuals from a well-known population of extant roe deer (Capreolus caprelous) is quantified. Multivariate statistical analyses indicate significant seasonal and sexual differences in individual dental microwear design. These are probably the consequence of seasonal variations in fruit, seed and leaf availability, as well as differences in feeding preference between males and females due to distinct energy requirements during periods of rutting, gestation or giving birth. Nevertheless, further investigations using two-block Partial Least-Squares analysis show no strong relationship between individual stomach contents and microwear texture. This is an expected result, assuming that stomach contents are composed of food items ingested during the last few hours whereas dental microwear texture records the physical properties of items eaten over periods of days or weeks. Conclusions/Significance Microwear 3D scale-sensitive fractal analysis does detect differences in diet ranging from the inter-feeding styles scale to the intra-population between-season and between-sex scales. It is therefore a possible tool, to be used with caution, in the further exploration of the feeding biology and ecology of extinct mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gildas Merceron
- UMR CNRS 5125, Paléoenvironnements et Paléobiosphère, Campus de La Doua, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, France.
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Brayard A, Escarguel G, Bucher H, Monnet C, Brühwiler T, Goudemand N, Galfetti T, Guex J. Good genes and good luck: ammonoid diversity and the end-Permian mass extinction. Science 2009; 325:1118-21. [PMID: 19713525 DOI: 10.1126/science.1174638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The end-Permian mass extinction removed more than 80% of marine genera. Ammonoid cephalopods were among the organisms most affected by this crisis. The analysis of a global diversity data set of ammonoid genera covering about 106 million years centered on the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) shows that Triassic ammonoids actually reached levels of diversity higher than in the Permian less than 2 million years after the PTB. The data favor a hierarchical rather than logistic model of diversification coupled with a niche incumbency hypothesis. This explosive and nondelayed diversification contrasts with the slow and delayed character of the Triassic biotic recovery as currently illustrated for other, mainly benthic groups such as bivalves and gastropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Brayard
- UMR-CNRS 5561 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, F-21000, Dijon, France.
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Daux V, Lécuyer C, Héran MA, Amiot R, Simon L, Fourel F, Martineau F, Lynnerup N, Reychler H, Escarguel G. Oxygen isotope fractionation between human phosphate and water revisited. J Hum Evol 2008; 55:1138-47. [PMID: 18721999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen isotope composition of human phosphatic tissues (delta18OP) has great potential for reconstructing climate and population migration, but this technique has not been applied to early human evolution. To facilitate this application we analyzed delta18OP values of modern human teeth collected at 12 sites located at latitudes ranging from 4 degrees N to 70 degrees N together with the corresponding oxygen composition of tap waters (delta18OW) from these areas. In addition, the delta18O of some raw and boiled foods were determined and simple mass balance calculations were performed to investigate the impact of solid food consumption on the oxygen isotope composition of the total ingested water (drinking water+solid food water). The results, along with those from three, smaller published data sets, can be considered as random estimates of a unique delta18OW/delta18OP linear relationship: delta18OW=1.54(+/-0.09)xdelta18OP-33.72(+/-1.51)(R2=0.87: p [H0:R2=0]=2x10(-19)). The delta18O of cooked food is higher than that of the drinking water. As a consequence, in a modern diet the delta18O of ingested water is +1.05 to 1.2 per thousand higher than that of drinking water in the area. In meat-dominated and cereal-free diets, which may have been the diets of some of our early ancestors, the shift is a little higher and the application of the regression equation would slightly overestimate delta18OW in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Daux
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement/IPSL, UMR CEA/CNRS 1572, L'Orme des Merisiers, Bât. 701, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif/Yvette Cedex, France.
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Lécuyer C, Fourel F, Martineau F, Amiot R, Bernard A, Daux V, Escarguel G, Morrison J. High-precision determination of 18O/16O ratios of silver phosphate by EA-pyrolysis-IRMS continuous flow technique. J Mass Spectrom 2007; 42:36-41. [PMID: 17149791 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A high-precision, and rapid on-line method for oxygen isotope analysis of silver phosphate is presented. The technique uses high-temperature elemental analyzer (EA)-pyrolysis interfaced in continuous flow (CF) mode to an isotopic ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). Calibration curves were generated by synthesizing silver phosphate with a 13 per thousand spread in delta(18)O values. Calibration materials were obtained by reacting dissolved potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH(2)PO(4)) with water samples of various oxygen isotope compositions at 373 K. Validity of the method was tested by comparing the on-line results with those obtained by classical off-line sample preparation and dual inlet isotope measurement. In addition, silver phosphate precipitates were prepared from a collection of biogenic apatites with known delta(18)O values ranging from 12.8 to 29.9 per thousand (V-SMOW). Reproducibility of +/- 0.2 per thousand was obtained by the EA-Py-CF-IRMS method for sample sizes in the range 400-500 microg. Both natural and synthetic samples are remarkably well correlated with conventional (18)O/(16)O determinations. Silver phosphate is a very stable material and easy to degas and, thus, could be considered as a good candidate to become a reference material for the determination of (18)O/(16)O ratios of phosphate by high-temperature pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lécuyer
- Laboratoire CNRS UMR 5125 Paléoenvironnements & Paléobiosphère, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Campus de la Doua, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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Couette S, Escarguel G, Montuire S. CONSTRUCTING, BOOTSTRAPPING, AND COMPARING MORPHOMETRIC AND PHYLOGENETIC TREES: A CASE STUDY OF NEW WORLD MONKEYS (PLATYRRHINI, PRIMATES). J Mammal 2005. [DOI: 10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086[0773:cbacma]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Brayard A, Escarguel G, Bucher H. Latitudinal gradient of taxonomic richness: combined outcome of temperature and geographic mid-domains effects? J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2005.00311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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