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Kumar RR, Niraj RK, Goswami S, Thimmegowda V, Mishra GP, Mishra D, Rai GK, Kumar SN, Viswanathan C, Tyagi A, Singh GP, Rai AK. Characterization of putative calcium-dependent protein kinase-1 ( TaCPK-1) gene: hubs in signalling and tolerance network of wheat under terminal heat. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:150. [PMID: 38725866 PMCID: PMC11076446 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03989-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) is member of one of the most important signalling cascades operating inside the plant system due to its peculiar role as thermo-sensor. Here, we identified 28 full length putative CDPKs from wheat designated as TaCDPK (1-28). Based on digital gene expression, we cloned full length TaCPK-1 gene of 1691 nucleotides with open reading frame (ORF) of 548 amino acids (accession number OP125853). The expression of TaCPK-1 was observed maximum (3.1-fold) in leaf of wheat cv. HD2985 (thermotolerant) under T2 (38 ± 3 °C, 2 h), as compared to control. A positive correlation was observed between the expression of TaCPK-1 and other stress-associated genes (MAPK6, CDPK4, HSFA6e, HSF3, HSP17, HSP70, SOD and CAT) involved in thermotolerance. Global protein kinase assay showed maximum activity in leaves, as compared to root, stem and spike under heat stress. Immunoblot analysis showed abundance of CDPK protein in wheat cv. HD2985 (thermotolerant) in response to T2 (38 ± 3 °C, 2 h), as compared to HD2329 (thermosusceptible). Calcium ion (Ca2+), being inducer of CDPK, showed strong Ca-signature in the leaf tissue (Ca-622 ppm) of thermotolerant wheat cv. under heat stress, whereas it was minimum (Ca-201 ppm) in spike tissue. We observed significant variations in the ionome of wheat under HS. To conclude, TaCPK-1 plays important role in triggering signaling network and in modulation of HS-tolerance in wheat. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03989-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet R. Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Ravi K. Niraj
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Vinutha Thimmegowda
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Seed Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Dwijesh Mishra
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Gyanendra K. Rai
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chatta, Jammu, 180009 India
| | | | - Chinnusamy Viswanathan
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Aruna Tyagi
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Gyanendra P. Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Anil K. Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
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Kumar RR, Dubey K, Goswami S, Rai GK, Rai PK, Salgotra RK, Bakshi S, Mishra D, Mishra GP, Chinnusamy V. Transcriptional Regulation of Small Heat Shock Protein 17 (sHSP-17) by Triticum aestivum HSFA2h Transcription Factor Confers Tolerance in Arabidopsis under Heat Stress. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3598. [PMID: 37896061 PMCID: PMC10609734 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) contribute significantly to thermotolerance acclimation. Here, we identified and cloned a putative HSF gene (HSFA2h) of 1218 nucleotide (acc. no. KP257297.1) from wheat cv. HD2985 using a de novo transcriptomic approach and predicted sHSP as its potential target. The expression of HSFA2h and its target gene (HSP17) was observed at the maximum level in leaf tissue under heat stress (HS), as compared to the control. The HSFA2h-pRI101 binary construct was mobilized in Arabidopsis, and further screening of T3 transgenic lines showed improved tolerance at an HS of 38 °C compared with wild type (WT). The expression of HSFA2h was observed to be 2.9- to 3.7-fold higher in different Arabidopsis transgenic lines under HS. HSFA2h and its target gene transcripts (HSP18.2 in the case of Arabidopsis) were observed to be abundant in transgenic Arabidopsis plants under HS. We observed a positive correlation between the expression of HSFA2h and HSP18.2 under HS. Evaluation of transgenic lines using different physio-biochemical traits linked with thermotolerance showed better performance of HS-treated transgenic Arabidopsis plants compared with WT. There is a need to further characterize the gene regulatory network (GRN) of HSFA2h and sHSP in order to modulate the HS tolerance of wheat and other agriculturally important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet R Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Kavita Dubey
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gyanendra K Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu 180009, India
| | - Pradeep K Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu 180009, India
| | - Romesh K Salgotra
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu 180009, India
| | - Suman Bakshi
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Dwijesh Mishra
- Centre for Agricultural Bio-Informatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- Division of Seed Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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Dutta H, K. M. S, Aski MS, Mishra GP, Sinha SK, Vijay D, C. T. MP, Das S, Pawar PAM, Mishra DC, Singh AK, Kumar A, Tripathi K, Kumar RR, Gupta S, Kumar S, Dikshit HK. Morpho-biochemical characterization of a RIL population for seed parameters and identification of candidate genes regulating seed size trait in lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1091432. [PMID: 36875597 PMCID: PMC9975752 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1091432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The seed size and shape in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) are important quality traits as these influences the milled grain yield, cooking time, and market class of the grains. Linkage analysis was done for seed size in a RIL (F5:6) population derived by crossing L830 (20.9 g/1000 seeds) with L4602 (42.13 g/1000 seeds) which consisted of 188 lines (15.0 to 40.5 g/1000 seeds). Parental polymorphism survey using 394 SSRs identified 31 polymorphic primers, which were used for the bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Marker PBALC449 differentiated the parents and small seed size bulk only, whereas large seeded bulk or the individual plants constituting the large-seeded bulk could not be differentiated. Single plant analysis identified only six recombinant and 13 heterozygotes, of 93 small-seeded RILs (<24.0 g/1000 seed). This clearly showed that the small seed size trait is very strongly regulated by the locus near PBLAC449; whereas, large seed size trait seems governed by more than one locus. The PCR amplified products from the PBLAC449 marker (149bp from L4602 and 131bp from L830) were cloned, sequenced and BLAST searched using the lentil reference genome and was found amplified from chromosome 03. Afterward, the nearby region on chromosome 3 was searched, and a few candidate genes like ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase, E3 ubiquitin ligase, TIFY-like protein, and hexosyltransferase having a role in seed size determination were identified. Validation study in another RIL mapping population which is differing for seed size, showed a number of SNPs and InDels among these genes when studied using whole genome resequencing (WGRS) approach. Biochemical parameters like cellulose, lignin, and xylose content showed no significant differences between parents and the extreme RILs, at maturity. Various seed morphological traits like area, length, width, compactness, volume, perimeter, etc., when measured using VideometerLab 4.0 showed significant differences for the parents and RILs. The results have ultimately helped in better understanding the region regulating the seed size trait in genomically less explored crops like lentils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haragopal Dutta
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivaprasad K. M.
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Sinha
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Dunna Vijay
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjunath Prasad C. T.
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shouvik Das
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | | | - Dwijesh C. Mishra
- Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Division of Genomic Resources, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Krishi Bhawan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- South Asia and China Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, National Agriculture Science Complex (NASC) Complex, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Singh AK, Kushwaha C, Shikha K, Chand R, Mishra GP, Dikshit HK, Devi J, Aski MS, Kumar S, Gupta S, Nair RM. Rust ( Uromyces viciae-fabae Pers. de-Bary) of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.): Present Status and Future Resistance Breeding Opportunities. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:374. [PMID: 36833300 PMCID: PMC9957278 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Uromyces viciae-fabae Pers. de-Bary is an important fungal pathogen causing rust in peas (Pisum sativum L.). It is reported in mild to severe forms from different parts of the world where the pea is grown. Host specificity has been indicated in this pathogen in the field but has not yet been established under controlled conditions. The uredinial states of U. viciae-fabae are infective under temperate and tropical conditions. Aeciospores are infective in the Indian subcontinent. The genetics of rust resistance was reported qualitatively. However, non-hypersensitive resistance responses and more recent studies emphasized the quantitative nature of pea rust resistance. Partial resistance/slow rusting had been described as a durable resistance in peas. Such resistance is of the pre-haustorial type and expressed as longer incubation and latent period, poor infection efficiency, a smaller number of aecial cups/pustules, and lower units of AUDPC (Area Under Disease Progress Curve). Screening techniques dealing with slow rusting should consider growth stages and environment, as both have a significant influence on the disease scores. Our knowledge about the genetics of rust resistance is increasing, and now molecular markers linked with gene/QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci) of rust resistance have been identified in peas. The mapping efforts conducted in peas came out with some potent markers associated with rust resistance, but they must be validated under multi-location trails before use in the marker-assisted selection of rust resistance in pea breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Chanda Kushwaha
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813 210, India
| | - Kumari Shikha
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, Deen Dayal Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009, India
| | - Ramesh Chand
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Jyoti Devi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, India
| | - Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- South Asia and China Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, NASC Complex, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi 110 001, India
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Devi J, Sagar V, Mishra GP, Jha PK, Gupta N, Dubey RK, Singh PM, Behera TK, Prasad PVV. Heat stress tolerance in peas ( Pisum sativum L.): Current status and way forward. Front Plant Sci 2023; 13:1108276. [PMID: 36733601 PMCID: PMC9887200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1108276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the era of climate change, the overall productivity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) is being threatened by several abiotic stresses including heat stress (HS). HS causes severe yield losses by adversely affecting several traits in peas. A reduction in pod yield has been reported from 11.1% to 17.5% when mean daily temperature increase from 1.4 to 2.2°C. High-temperature stress (30.5-33°C) especially during reproductive phase is known to drastically reduce both seed yield and germination. HS during germination and early vegetative stage resulted in poor emergence and stunted plant growth along with detrimental effects on physiological functions of the pea plant. To combat HS and continue its life cycle, plants use various defense strategies including heat escape, avoidance or tolerance mechanisms. Ironically, the threshold temperatures for pea plant and its responses are inconsistent and not yet clearly identified. Trait discovery through traditional breeding such as semi leaflessness (afila), upright growing habit, lodging tolerance, lower canopy temperature and small seeded nature has highlighted their utility for greater adaptation under HS in pea. Screening of crop gene pool and landraces for HS tolerance in a targeted environment is a simple approach to identify HS tolerant genotypes. Thus, precise phenotyping using modern phenomics tools could lead to increased breeding efficiency. The NGS (next generation sequencing) data can be associated to find the candidate genes responsible for the HS tolerance in pea. In addition, genomic selection, genome wide association studies (GWAS) and marker assisted selection (MAS) can be used for the development of HS tolerant pea genotypes. Additionally, development of transgenics could be an alternative strategy for the development of HS tolerant pea genotypes. This review comprehensively covers the various aspects of HS tolerance mechanisms in the pea plant, screening protocols, omic advances, and future challenges for the development of HS tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Devi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Jha
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nakul Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Rakesh K. Dubey
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Prabhakar M. Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Tusar K. Behera
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Mhetre VB, Patel V, Singh S, Mishra GP, Verma M, Kumar C, Dahuja A, Kumar S, Singh R, Wasim Siddiqui M. Unraveling the pathways influencing the berry color and firmness of grapevine cv. Flame Seedless treated with bioregulators using biochemical and RNA-Seq analysis under semi-arid subtropics. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences 2022; 5:100116. [PMID: 35818381 PMCID: PMC9270244 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal B. Mhetre
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - V.B. Patel
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - S.K. Singh
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - M.K. Verma
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Chavlesh Kumar
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Anil Dahuja
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rakesh Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - M. Wasim Siddiqui
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
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Dutta H, Mishra GP, Aski MS, Bosamia TC, Mishra DC, Bhati J, Sinha SK, Vijay D, C. T. MP, Das S, Pawar PAM, Kumar A, Tripathi K, Kumar RR, Yadava DK, Kumar S, Dikshit HK. Comparative transcriptome analysis, unfolding the pathways regulating the seed-size trait in cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Front Genet 2022; 13:942079. [PMID: 36035144 PMCID: PMC9399355 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.942079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Market class, cooking time, quality, and milled grain yield are largely influenced by the seed size and shape of the lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.); thus, they are considered to be important quality traits. To unfold the pathways regulating seed size in lentils, a transcriptomic approach was performed using large-seeded (L4602) and small-seeded (L830) genotypes. The study has generated nearly 375 million high-quality reads, of which 98.70% were properly aligned to the reference genome. Among biological replicates, very high similarity in fragments per kilobase of exon per million mapped fragments values (R > 0.9) showed the consistency of RNA-seq results. Various differentially expressed genes associated mainly with the hormone signaling and cell division pathways, transcription factors, kinases, etc. were identified as having a role in cell expansion and seed growth. A total of 106,996 unigenes were used for differential expression (DE) analysis. String analysis identified various modules having certain key proteins like Ser/Thr protein kinase, seed storage protein, DNA-binding protein, microtubule-associated protein, etc. In addition, some growth and cell division–related micro-RNAs like miR3457 (cell wall formation), miR1440 (cell proliferation and cell cycles), and miR1533 (biosynthesis of plant hormones) were identified as having a role in seed size determination. Using RNA-seq data, 5254 EST-SSR primers were generated as a source for future studies aiming for the identification of linked markers. In silico validation using Genevestigator® was done for the Ser/Thr protein kinase, ethylene response factor, and Myb transcription factor genes. It is of interest that the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase gene was found differentially regulated, suggesting their role during seed development; however, at maturity, no significant differences were recorded for various cell wall parameters including cellulose, lignin, and xylose content. This is the first report on lentils that has unfolded the key seed size regulating pathways and unveiled a theoretical way for the development of lentil genotypes having customized seed sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haragopal Dutta
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Gyan P. Mishra, ; Shiv Kumar, ; Harsh Kumar Dikshit,
| | - Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tejas C. Bosamia
- Plant Omics Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Dwijesh C. Mishra
- Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyotika Bhati
- Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Dunna Vijay
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjunath Prasad C. T.
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shouvik Das
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | | | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shiv Kumar
- South Asia and China Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, NASC Complex, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Gyan P. Mishra, ; Shiv Kumar, ; Harsh Kumar Dikshit,
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Gyan P. Mishra, ; Shiv Kumar, ; Harsh Kumar Dikshit,
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Devi J, Mishra GP, Sagar V, Kaswan V, Dubey RK, Singh PM, Sharma SK, Behera TK. Gene-Based Resistance to Erysiphe Species Causing Powdery Mildew Disease in Peas ( Pisum sativum L.). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:316. [PMID: 35205360 PMCID: PMC8872628 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally powdery mildew (PM) is one of the major diseases of the pea caused by Erysiphe pisi. Besides, two other species viz. Erysiphe trifolii and Erysiphe baeumleri have also been identified to infect the pea plant. To date, three resistant genes, namely er1, er2 and Er3 located on linkage groups VI, III and IV respectively were identified. Studies have shown the er1 gene to be a Pisum sativum Mildew resistance Locus 'O' homologue and subsequent analysis has identified eleven alleles namely er1-1 to er1-11. Despite reports mentioning the breakdown of er1 gene-mediated PM resistance by E. pisi and E. trifolii, it is still the most widely deployed gene in PM resistance breeding programmes across the world. Several linked DNA markers have been reported in different mapping populations with varying linkage distances and effectiveness, which were used by breeders to develop PM-resistant pea cultivars through marker assisted selection. This review summarizes the genetics of PM resistance and its mechanism, allelic variations of the er gene, marker linkage and future strategies to exploit this information for targeted PM resistance breeding in Pisum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Devi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Post Box 1, Jakhini, Varanasi 221305, India; (J.D.); (V.S.); (R.K.D.); (P.M.S.)
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Vidya Sagar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Post Box 1, Jakhini, Varanasi 221305, India; (J.D.); (V.S.); (R.K.D.); (P.M.S.)
| | - Vineet Kaswan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Sardar Krushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Palanpur, Gujarat 385506, India;
| | - Rakesh K. Dubey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Post Box 1, Jakhini, Varanasi 221305, India; (J.D.); (V.S.); (R.K.D.); (P.M.S.)
| | - Prabhakar M. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Post Box 1, Jakhini, Varanasi 221305, India; (J.D.); (V.S.); (R.K.D.); (P.M.S.)
| | - Shyam K. Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India;
| | - Tusar K. Behera
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Post Box 1, Jakhini, Varanasi 221305, India; (J.D.); (V.S.); (R.K.D.); (P.M.S.)
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Tripathi K, Kumari J, Gore PG, Mishra DC, Singh AK, Mishra GP, Gayacharan C, Dikshit HK, Singh N, Semwal DP, Mehra R, Bhardwaj R, Bansal R, Rana JC, Kumar A, Gupta V, Singh K, Sarker A. Agro-Morphological Characterization of Lentil Germplasm of Indian National Genebank and Development of a Core Set for Efficient Utilization in Lentil Improvement Programs. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:751429. [PMID: 35154171 PMCID: PMC8828943 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.751429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is one of the major cool-season pulse crops worldwide. Its increasing demand as a staple pulse has led to the unlocking of diverse germplasm collections conserved in the genebanks to develop its superior varieties. The Indian National Genebank, housed at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India, currently has 2,324 accessions comprising 1,796 indigenous and 528 exotic collections. This study was conducted to unveil the potential of lentil germplasm by assessing its agro-morphological characteristics and diversity, identifying trait-specific germplasm, and developing a core set. The complete germplasm set was characterized for two years, i.e., 2017-2018 and 2018-2019, and data were recorded on 26 agro-morphological traits. High phenotypic variability was observed for nine quantitative and 17 qualitative traits. A core set comprising 170 accessions (137 Indian and 33 exotic) was derived based on the characterization data as well as geographical origin using a heuristic method and PowerCore software. This core set was found to be sufficiently diverse and representative of the entire collection based on the comparison made using Shannon-Weaver diversity indices and χ2 test. These results were further validated by summary statistics. The core set displayed high genetic diversity as evident from a higher coefficient of variance in comparison to the entire set for individual traits and overall Shannon-Weaver diversity indices (entire: 1.054; core: 1.361). In addition, the total variation explained by the first three principal components was higher in the core set (70.69%) than in the entire collection (68.03%). Further, the conservation of pairwise correlation values among descriptors in the entire and core set reflected the maintenance of the structure of the whole set. Based on the results, this core set is believed to represent the entire collection, completely. Therefore, it constitutes a potential set of germplasm that can be used in the genetic enhancement of lentils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Tripathi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Kumari
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Padmavati G. Gore
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Dwijesh C. Mishra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - C. Gayacharan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - H. K. Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeta Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - D. P. Semwal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Reena Mehra
- International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas-Food Legumes Research Platform, Amlaha, India
| | - Rakesh Bhardwaj
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - J. C. Rana
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, National Agricultural Science Complex, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Veena Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas-Food Legumes Research Platform, Amlaha, India
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10
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Mishra GP, Aski MS, Bosamia T, Chaurasia S, Mishra DC, Bhati J, Kumar A, Javeria S, Tripathi K, Kohli M, Kumar RR, Singh AK, Devi J, Kumar S, Dikshit HK. Insights into the Host-Pathogen Interaction Pathways through RNA-Seq Analysis of Lens culinaris Medik. in Response to Rhizoctonia bataticola Infection. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010090. [PMID: 35052429 PMCID: PMC8774501 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry root rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola) is an important disease of lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.).To gain an insight into the molecular aspects of host-pathogen interactions, the RNA-seq approach was used in lentils following inoculation with R.bataticola. The RNA-Seq has generated >450 million high-quality reads (HQRs) and nearly 96.97% were properly aligned to the reference genome. Very high similarity in FPKM (fragments per kilobase of exon per million mapped fragments) values (R > 0.9) among biological replicates showed the consistency of the RNA-Seq results. The study revealed various DEGs (differentially expressed genes) that were associated with changes in phenolic compounds, transcription factors (TFs), antioxidants, receptor kinases, hormone signals which corresponded to the cell wall modification enzymes, defense-related metabolites, and jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET) pathways. Gene ontology (GO) categorization also showed similar kinds of significantly enriched similar GO terms. Interestingly, of the total unigenes (42,606), 12,648 got assembled and showed significant hit with Rhizoctonia species. String analysis also revealed the role of various disease responsive proteins viz., LRR family proteins, LRR-RLKs, protein kinases, etc. in the host-pathogen interaction. Insilico validation analysis was performed using Genevestigator® and DEGs belonging to six major defense-response groups viz., defense-related enzymes, disease responsive genes, hormones, kinases, PR (pathogenesis related) proteins, and TFs were validated. For the first time some key miRNA targets viz. miR156, miR159, miR167, miR169, and miR482 were identified from the studied transcriptome, which may have some vital role in Rhizoctonia-based responses in lentils. The study has revealed the molecular mechanisms of the lentil/R.bataticola interactions and also provided a theoretical approach for the development of lentil genotypes resistant to R.bataticola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (G.P.M.); (M.S.A.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (G.P.M.); (M.S.A.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Tejas Bosamia
- Plant Omics Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India;
| | - Shiksha Chaurasia
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (G.P.M.); (M.S.A.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Dwijesh Chandra Mishra
- Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (D.C.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Jyotika Bhati
- Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (D.C.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Shaily Javeria
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Manju Kohli
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (G.P.M.); (M.S.A.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Division of Genomic Resources, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Jyoti Devi
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221305, India;
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Avenue HafianeCherkaoui, Rabat 10112, Morocco
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.K.D.)
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (G.P.M.); (M.S.A.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.K.D.)
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11
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Ramtekey V, Bansal R, Aski MS, Kothari D, Singh A, Pandey R, Tripathi K, Mishra GP, Kumar S, Dikshit HK. Genetic Variation for Traits Related to Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Lens Species at the Seedling Stage. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10122711. [PMID: 34961182 PMCID: PMC8707046 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential, non-renewable resource critical for crop productivity across the world. P is immobile in nature and, therefore, the identification of novel genotypes with efficient P uptake and utilization under a low P environment is extremely important. This study was designed to characterize eighty genotypes of different Lens species for shoot and root traits at two contrasting levels of P. A significant reduction in primary root length (PRL), total surface area (TSA), total root tips (TRT), root forks (RF), total dry weight (TDW), root dry weight (RDW) and shoot dry weight (SDW) in response to P deficiency was recorded. A principal component analysis revealed that the TDW, SDW and RDW were significantly correlated to P uptake and utilization efficiency in lentils. Based on total dry weight (TDW) under low P, L4727, EC718309, EC714238, PL-97, EC718348, DPL15, PL06 and EC718332 were found promising. The characterization of different Lens species revealed species-specific variations for the studied traits. Cultivated lentils exhibited higher P uptake and utilization efficiency as compared to the wild forms. The study, based on four different techniques, identified EC714238 as the most P use-efficient genotype. The genotypes identified in this study can be utilized for developing mapping populations and deciphering the genetics for breeding lentil varieties suited for low P environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Ramtekey
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.R.); (M.S.A.); (D.K.)
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ICAR—Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau 275103, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India; (R.B.); (K.T.)
| | - Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.R.); (M.S.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Deepali Kothari
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.R.); (M.S.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida 201303, India;
| | - Renu Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India; (R.B.); (K.T.)
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.R.); (M.S.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Rabat-Institutes, ICARDA, B.P. 6299, Station Experiment, INRA-Quich, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui Agdal, Rabat 10112, Morocco
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.R.); (M.S.A.); (D.K.)
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12
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Singh AK, Yadav BK, Krishna R, Kumar RV, Mishra GP, Karkute SG, Krishnan N, Seth T, Kumari S, Singh B, Singh PM, Singh J. Bhendi Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus and Bhendi Yellow Vein Mosaic Betasatellite Cause Enation Leaf Curl Disease and Alter Host Phytochemical Contents in Okra. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2595-2600. [PMID: 33393356 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2655-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)-transmitted begomoviruses cause severe diseases in numerous economically important dicotyledonous plants. Okra enation leaf curl disease (OELCuD) has emerged as a serious threat to okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cultivation in the Indian subcontinent. This study reports the association of a monopartite begomovirus (bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus; BYVMV) and betasatellite (bhendi yellow vein mosaic betasatellite; BYVB) with OELCuD in the Mau region of Uttar Pradesh, India. The BYVMV alone inoculated Nicotiana benthamiana and A. esculentus cv. Pusa Sawani plants developed mild symptoms. Co-inoculation of BYVMV and BYVB resulted in a reduced incubation period, an increased symptom severity, and an enhanced BYVMV accumulation by Southern hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR. This is the first study that satisfies Koch's postulates for OELCuD in its natural host. Activities of various antioxidative enzymes were significantly increased in the virus-inoculated okra plants. Differential responses in various biochemical components (such as photosynthetic pigments, phenol, proline, and sugar) in diseased okra plants were observed. This change in phytochemical responses is significant in understanding its impact on virus pathogenesis and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuit K Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brijesh K Yadav
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Krishna
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Vinoth Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, Delhi, India
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suhas G Karkute
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nagendran Krishnan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tania Seth
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Kumari
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bijendra Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabhakar M Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Ahmad S, Nawade B, Sangh C, Mishra GP, Bosamia TC, T R, Kumar N, Dobaria JR, Gajera HP. Correction to: Identification of novel QTLs for late leaf spot resistance and validation of a major rust QTL in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.). 3 Biotech 2020; 10:521. [PMID: 33194525 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02446-4.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat India
| | - Bhagwat Nawade
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
| | - Chandramohan Sangh
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tejas C Bosamia
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
| | - Radhakrishnan T
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
| | - Jentilal R Dobaria
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, India
| | - Harsukh P Gajera
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat India
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14
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Mishra GP, Dikshit HK, S. V. R, Tripathi K, Kumar RR, Aski M, Singh A, Roy A, Priti, Kumari N, Dasgupta U, Kumar A, Praveen S, Nair RM. Corrigendum: Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): Current Status and Management Opportunities. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:1064. [PMID: 32754190 PMCID: PMC7367146 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00918.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh K. Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh S. V.
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and PHT, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet R. Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Priti
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikki Kumari
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Uttarayan Dasgupta
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramakrishnan M. Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
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15
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Mishra GP, Dikshit HK, S. V. R, Tripathi K, Kumar RR, Aski M, Singh A, Roy A, Priti, Kumari N, Dasgupta U, Kumar A, Praveen S, Nair RM. Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): Current Status and Management Opportunities. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:918. [PMID: 32670329 PMCID: PMC7327115 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
Globally, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) remains a major constraint of mungbean production, and management of this deadly disease is still the biggest challenge. Thus, finding ways to manage YMD including development of varieties possessing resistance against mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a research priority for mungbean crop. Characterization of YMD resistance using various advanced molecular and biochemical approaches during plant-virus interactions has unfolded a comprehensive network of pathogen survival, disease severity, and the response of plants to pathogen attack, including mechanisms of YMD resistance in mungbean. The biggest challenge in YMD management is the effective utilization of an array of information gained so far, in an integrated manner for the development of genotypes having durable resistance against yellow mosaic virus (YMV) infection. In this backdrop, this review summarizes the role of various begomoviruses, its genomic components, and vector whiteflies, including cryptic species in the YMD expression. Also, information about the genetics of YMD in both mungbean and blackgram crops is comprehensively presented, as both the species are crossable, and same viral strains are also found affecting these crops. Also, implications of various management strategies including the use of resistance sources, the primary source of inoculums and vector management, wide-hybridization, mutation breeding, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and pathogen-derived resistance (PDR) are thoroughly discussed. Finally, the prospects of employing various powerful emerging tools like translational genomics, and gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 are also highlighted to complete the YMD management perspective in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh K. Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh S. V.
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and PHT, ICAR-Central Plantation, Kasaragod, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet R. Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Priti
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikki Kumari
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Uttarayan Dasgupta
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramakrishnan M. Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
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16
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Sarkar T, Thankappan R, Mishra GP, Nawade BD. Advances in the development and use of DREB for improved abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic crop plants. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2019; 25:1323-1334. [PMID: 31736537 PMCID: PMC6825097 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses negatively influence the survival, biomass production, and yield of crops. Tolerance to diverse abiotic stresses in plants is regulated by multiple genes responding differently to various stress conditions. Genetic engineering approaches have helped develop transgenic crops with improved abiotic stress tolerance including yields. The dehydration-responsive element binding protein (DREB) is a stress-responsive transcription factor that modulates the expression of downstream stress-inducible genes, which confer simultaneous tolerance to multiple stresses. This review focuses on advances in the development of DREB transgenic crops and their characterization under various abiotic stress conditions. It further discusses the mechanistic aspects of abiotic stress tolerance, yield gain, the fate of transgenic plants under controlled and field conditions and future research directions toward commercialization of DREB transgenic crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Sarkar
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Post Box 1, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute (CSRTI), Mysuru, Karnataka 570 008 India
| | | | - Gyan P. Mishra
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Post Box 1, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
| | - Bhagwat D. Nawade
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Post Box 1, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
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17
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Kumar H, Singh A, Dikshit HK, Mishra GP, Aski M, Meena MC, Kumar S. Genetic dissection of grain iron and zinc concentrations in lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.). J Genet 2019; 98:66. [PMID: 31544775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are wide spread in South Asia and Africa. Biofortification of food crops is a viable means of addressing micronutrient deficiencies. Lentil is an important pulse crop that provides affordable source of proteins, minerals, fibre and carbohydrates for micronutrient deficient countries. An association mapping (AM) panel of 96 diverse lentil genotypes from India and Mediterranean region was evaluated for three seasons and genotyped using 80 polymorphic simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers for identification of the markers associated with grain Fe and Zn concentrations. A Bayesian model based clustering identified five subpopulations, adequately explaining the genetic structure of the AM panel. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis using mixed linear model (MLM) identified two SSR markers, GLLC106 and GLLC108, associated with grain Fe concentration explaining 17% and 6% phenotypic variation, respectively and three SSR markers (PBALC 364, PBALC 92 and GLLC592) associated with grain Zn concentration, explaining 6%, 8% and 13% phenotypic variation, respectively. The identified SSRs exhibited consistent performance across three seasons and have potential for utilization in lentil molecular breeding programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
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Kumar H, Singh A, Dikshit HK, Mishra GP, Aski M, Meena MC, Kumar S. Genetic dissection of grain iron and zinc concentrations in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). J Genet 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-019-1112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nawade B, Mishra GP, Radhakrishnan T, Sangh C, Dobariya JR, Kundu R. Development of high oleic peanut lines through marker-assisted introgression of mutant ahFAD2 alleles and its fatty acid profiles under open-field and controlled conditions. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:243. [PMID: 31168436 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanut is one of the most important oilseed crops grown worldwide. In this study, the mutant ahFAD2 alleles conferring high oleic (HO) content are introgressed into an elite Indian cultivar GPBD4 which is also resistant to the foliar fungal diseases like rust and late leaf spot (LLS). The allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) assays were used for the marker-assisted backcross (MABC) approach and 64 HO introgression lines (ILs) were generated. These ILs were tested for the FA compositions under the glasshouse and field conditions. The oleic acid and linoleic acid contents in the ILs were recorded to be between 68.94-82.33% and 1.74-10.87%, respectively, under glasshouse and 67.04-81.71% and 2.00-15.66%, respectively, under field conditions. The increase in the oleic acid content of the ILs over its recurrent parent (RP) was recorded to the tune of 28.78-53.80% and 33.70-62.96% under glasshouse and field conditions, respectively, indicating the stable expression of ahFAD2B gene in two different environments. On the contrary, linoleic acid showed 56.47-93.03% and 40.02-92.34% reduction in the ILs over its RP under glasshouse and field conditions, respectively. These ILs with a healthy FA profile can meet not only the nutritional requirements of a health-conscious society but also the industrial demands for better shelf life of oil and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwat Nawade
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- 2Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360005 India
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- 3Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - T Radhakrishnan
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - Chandramohan Sangh
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - J R Dobariya
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - Rahul Kundu
- 2Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360005 India
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20
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Bhalani H, Thankappan R, Mishra GP, Sarkar T, Bosamia TC, Dobaria JR. Regulation of antioxidant mechanisms by AtDREB1A improves soil-moisture deficit stress tolerance in transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216706. [PMID: 31071165 PMCID: PMC6508701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the soil-moisture deficit stress tolerance of AtDREB1A transgenic peanut lines during reproductive stages using lysimetric system under controlled glasshouse conditions. The antioxidant activities of AtDREB1A transgenic lines were measured by biochemical assays. The transgenic peanut lines recorded significantly lower accumulation of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide than the wild-type. Whereas, specific activity of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbic acid were found to be significantly higher in transgenic lines than in the wild-type line under drought stress. The results showed that the transgenic lines expressed lower oxidative damage than wild-type and could protect themselves from the elevated levels of reactive oxygen species under drought stress. This could be attributed to the regulation of various stress-inducible genes by AtDREB1A transcription factor. Improved photosynthetic and growth parameters were also recorded in transgenic lines over wild-type under drought stress. Improved physio-biochemical mechanisms in transgenic peanut lines might have resulted in improved growth-related traits as significant correlations were observed between physio-biochemical parameters and growth-related traits under drought stress. The potential target genes of AtDREB1A transcription factor in transgenic peanut lines during drought stress were identified, which helped in understanding the molecular mechanisms of DREB-regulated stress responses. The transgenic line D6 reported the best physio-biochemical mechanisms and growth-related parameters under drought stress over other transgenic lines and wild-type, suggesting it may be used to develop high yielding and terminal drought-tolerant peanut varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiren Bhalani
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
- Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Tanmoy Sarkar
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
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21
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Dodia SM, Joshi B, Gangurde SS, Thirumalaisamy PP, Mishra GP, Narandrakumar D, Soni P, Rathnakumar AL, Dobaria JR, Sangh C, Chitikineni A, Chanda SV, Pandey MK, Varshney RK, Thankappan R. Genotyping-by-sequencing based genetic mapping reveals large number of epistatic interactions for stem rot resistance in groundnut. Theor Appl Genet 2019; 132:1001-1016. [PMID: 30539317 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mapping identified large number of epistatic interactions indicating the complex genetic architecture for stem rot disease resistance. Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important global crop commodity and serves as a major source of cooking oil, diverse confectionery preparations and livestock feed. Stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is the most devastating disease of groundnut and can cause up to 100% yield loss. Genomic-assisted breeding (GAB) has potential for accelerated development of stem rot resistance varieties in short period with more precision. In this context, linkage analysis and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for resistance to stem rot disease was performed in a bi-parental recombinant inbred line population developed from TG37A (susceptible) × NRCG-CS85 (resistant) comprising of 270 individuals. Genotyping-by-sequencing approach was deployed to generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data leading to development of a genetic map with 585 SNP loci spanning map distance of 2430 cM. QTL analysis using multi-season phenotyping and genotyping data could not detect any major main-effect QTL but identified 44 major epistatic QTLs with phenotypic variation explained ranging from 14.32 to 67.95%. Large number interactions indicate the complexity of genetic architecture of resistance to stem rot disease. A QTL of physical map length 5.2 Mb identified on B04 comprising 170 different genes especially leucine reach repeats, zinc finger motifs and ethyleneresponsive factors, etc., was identified. The identified genomic regions and candidate genes will further validate and facilitate marker development to deploy GAB for developing stem rot disease resistance groundnut varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha M Dodia
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Junagadh, 362001, India
| | - Binal Joshi
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Junagadh, 362001, India
| | - Sunil S Gangurde
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | | | - Gyan P Mishra
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Junagadh, 362001, India
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Pooja Soni
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | | | - Jentilal R Dobaria
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Junagadh, 362001, India
| | - Chandramohan Sangh
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Junagadh, 362001, India
| | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | | | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India.
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Nawade B, Mishra GP, Radhakrishnan T, Dodia SM, Ahmad S, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kundu R. High oleic peanut breeding: Achievements, perspectives, and prospects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Devi J, Mishra GP, Sanwal SK, Dubey RK, Singh PM, Singh B. Development and characterization of penta-flowering and triple-flowering genotypes in garden pea (Pisum sativum L. var. hortense). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201235. [PMID: 30059526 PMCID: PMC6066227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the development of a garden pea genotype 'VRPM-901-5' producing five flowers per peduncle at multiple flowering nodes, by using single plant selection approach from a cross 'VL-8 × PC-531'. In addition, five other stable genetic stocks, namely VRPM-501, VRPM-502, VRPM-503, VRPM-901-3 and VRPSeL-1 producing three flowers per peduncle at multiple flowering nodes were also developed. All these unique genotypes were of either mid- or late- maturity groups. Furthermore, these multi-flowering genotypes were identified during later generations (F4 onward), which might be because of fixation of certain QTLs or recessive gene combinations. Surprisingly, a common parent PC-531, imparting multi-flowering trait in ten cross combinations was identified. Thus, the genotype PC-531 seems to harbor some recessive gene(s) or QTLs that in certain combination(s) express the multi-flowering trait. The interaction between genotype and environment showed that temperature (11-20°C) plays a key role in expression of the multi-flowering trait besides genetic background. Furthermore, the possible relationship between various multi-flowering regulatory genes such as FN, FNA, NEPTUNE, SN, DNE, HR and environmental factors was also explored, and a comprehensive model explaining the multi-flowering trait in garden pea is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Devi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Satish K. Sanwal
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
- ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Rakesh K. Dubey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Bijendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
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Patel KG, Thankappan R, Mishra GP, Mandaliya VB, Kumar A, Dobaria JR. Transgenic Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Overexpressing mtlD Gene Showed Improved Photosynthetic, Physio-Biochemical, and Yield-Parameters under Soil-Moisture Deficit Stress in Lysimeter System. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1881. [PMID: 29163606 PMCID: PMC5675886 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Peanut, an important oilseed crop, frequently encounters drought stress (DS) during its life cycle. In this study, four previously developed mtlD transgenic (T) peanut lines were used for detailed characterization under DS, at the reproductive stage using lysimeter system under controlled greenhouse conditions. In dry-down experiments, T lines maintained better photosynthetic machinery, such as, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and SPAD (Soil-Plant Analyses Development) values, and had lower oxidative damage, including lipid membrane peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical accumulation than WT, when exposed to 24 days of DS. WT plants had a more negative water potential (WP; up to -3.22 MPa) than T lines did (-2.56 to -2.71 MPa) at day 24 of DS treatment. During recovery, T lines recovered easily whereas 67% of WT plants failed to recover. In T lines, the rate of photosynthesis strongly and positively correlated with the transpiration rate (r = 0.92), RWC (r = 0.90), WP (r = 0.86), and total chlorophyll content (r = 0.75), suggesting its strong correlation with water retention-related parameters. Furthermore, yield parameters such as, pod weight and harvest index of T lines were up to 2.19 and 1.38 times more than those of WT plants, respectively. Thus, the significantly better performance of mtlD T peanut lines than of WT plants under DS could be attributed to the accumulation of mannitol, which in turn helped in maintaining the osmoregulation and ROS scavenging activity of mannitol and ultimately conferred water-economizing capacity and higher yield in T lines than in WT plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirankumar G. Patel
- Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR), Junagadh, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Changa, India
| | | | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR), Junagadh, India
| | - Viralkumar B. Mandaliya
- Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR), Junagadh, India
- Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Abhay Kumar
- Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR), Junagadh, India
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Ahad A, Stevanin M, Smita S, Mishra GP, Gupta D, Waszak SM, Gupta B, Acha-Orbea H, Raghav SK. NCoR1 is a master repressor of the tolerogenic program in dendritic cells. Can J Biotech 2017. [DOI: 10.24870/cjb.2017-a147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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Mishra GP, Singh B, Seth T, Singh AK, Halder J, Krishnan N, Tiwari SK, Singh PM. Biotechnological Advancements and Begomovirus Management in Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.): Status and Perspectives. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:360. [PMID: 28367155 PMCID: PMC5355441 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of okra, as one of the important vegetable crop, very little attention has been paid to its genetic improvement using advanced biotechnological tools. The exploitation of marker assisted breeding in okra is often limited due to the availability of a few molecular markers, the absence of molecular genetic-map(s), and other molecular tools. Chromosome linkage-groups were not yet constructed for this crop and reports on marker development are very scanty and mostly hovering around cultivar characterization. Besides, very little progress has been observed for transgenic development. However, high throughput biotechnological tools like chromosome engineering, RNA interference (RNAi), marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS), genome-wide selection (GWS), targeted gene replacement, next generation sequencing (NGS), and nanobiotechnology can provide a rapid way for okra improvement. Further, the etiology of many deadly viral diseases like the yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) and okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCV) in okra is broadly indistinct and has been shown to be caused by various begomovirus species. These diseases cause systemic infections and have a very effective mode of transmission; thus, preventing their spread has been very complicated. Biotechnological interventions have the potential to enhance okra production even under different viral-stress conditions. In this background, this review deals with the biotechnological advancements in okra per se along with the begomoviruses infecting okra, and special emphasis has been laid on the exploitation of advanced genomic tools for the development of resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable ResearchVaranasi, India
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Tewari MK, Tripathi M, Sharma RR, Mishra GP, Lad SD. Surgical Management of Moderate Sized Spontaneous Cerebellar Hematomas: Role of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring. Turk Neurosurg 2016; 25:712-20. [PMID: 26442536 DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.11011-14.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Acute onset spontaneous cerebellar hematoma (SCH) is a neurosurgical emergency with unpredictable natural history and outcome. Specific guidelines are available for management of small ( < 2.5 cm) and large sized (4.0 cm < ) SCH. But, literature is sparse for treatment of moderate sized SCH (2.5-4.0 cm). MATERIAL AND METHODS In a retrospective analysis of 32 patients, with moderate sized acute SCH, external ventricular drainage (EVD) tube was inserted for evaluation of ICP and evacuation of cerebrospinal fluid. All patients with ICP > 25 mmHg underwent emergency SCH evacuation. Postoperatively, EVD was continued for 48-72 hours for ICP monitoring. Patients showing no improvement or persistent ventriculomegaly underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion for the management of hydrocephalus. RESULTS 29/32 patients needed operative intervention either in the form of hematoma evacuation or shunt placement. 10 patients improved to GOS 5 and 7 to GOS 4. Overall mortality was 25% (n=8). Despite SCH evacuation, none of the patients with ICP > 40 mmHg experienced good outcome (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION 47% of patients with moderate sized SCH need surgical evacuation. EVD insertion not only helps in ICP management but also includes the ability to gradually decompress ventricular system by varying the outflow pressure. Apart from radiologic findings, ICP measurement should be a guideline in management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Tewari
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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28
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Nawade B, Bosamia TC, Thankappan R, Rathnakumar AL, Kumar A, Dobaria JR, Kundu R, Mishra GP. Insights into the Indian Peanut Genotypes for ahFAD2 Gene Polymorphism Regulating Its Oleic and Linoleic Acid Fluxes. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1271. [PMID: 27610115 PMCID: PMC4997015 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), the customization of fatty acid profile is an evolving area to fulfill the nutritional needs in the modern market. A total of 174 peanut genotypes, including 167 Indian cultivars, 6 advanced breeding lines and "SunOleic95R"-a double mutant line, were investigated using AS-PCRs, CAPS and gene sequencing for the ahFAD2 allele polymorphism, along with its fatty acid compositions. Of these, 80 genotypes were found having substitution (448G>A) mutation only in ahFAD2A gene, while none recorded 1-bp insertion (441_442insA) mutation in ahFAD2B gene. Moreover, 22 wild peanut accessions found lacking both the mutations. Among botanical types, the ahFAD2A mutation was more frequent in ssp. hypogaea (89%) than in ssp. fastigiata (17%). This single allele mutation, found affecting not only oleic to linoleic acid fluxes, but also the composition of other fatty acids in the genotypes studied. Repeated use of a few selected genotypes in the Indian varietal development programs were also eminently reflected in its ahFAD2 allele polymorphism. Absence of known mutations in the wild-relatives indicated the possible origin of these mutations, after the allotetraploidization of cultivated peanut. The SNP analysis of both ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B genes, revealed haplotype diversity of 1.05% and 0.95%, while Ka/Ks ratio of 0.36 and 0.39, respectively, indicating strong purifying selection pressure on these genes. Cluster analysis, using ahFAD2 gene SNPs, showed presence of both mutant and non-mutant genotypes in the same cluster, which might be due the presence of ahFAD2 gene families. This investigation provided insights into the large number of Indian peanut genotypes, covering various aspects related to O/L flux regulation and ahFAD2 gene polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwat Nawade
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut ResearchJunagadh, India
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra UniversityRajkot, India
| | - Tejas C. Bosamia
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut ResearchJunagadh, India
| | | | | | - Abhay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut ResearchJunagadh, India
| | - Jentilal R. Dobaria
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut ResearchJunagadh, India
| | - Rahul Kundu
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra UniversityRajkot, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Directorate of Groundnut ResearchJunagadh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Vegetable ResearchVaranasi, India
- *Correspondence: Gyan P. Mishra
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29
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Sarkar T, Thankappan R, Kumar A, Mishra GP, Dobaria JR. Stress Inducible Expression of AtDREB1A Transcription Factor in Transgenic Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Conferred Tolerance to Soil-Moisture Deficit Stress. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:935. [PMID: 27446163 PMCID: PMC4923254 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Peanut, an important oilseed crop, is gaining priority for the development of drought tolerant genotypes in recent times, since the area under drought is constantly on the rise. To achieve this, one of the important strategies is to genetically engineer the ruling peanut varieties using transcription factor regulating the expression of several downstream, abiotic-stress responsive gene(s). In this study, eight independent transgenic peanut (cv. GG20) lines were developed using AtDREB1A gene, encoding for a transcription factor, through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The transgene insertion was confirmed in (T0) using PCR and Dot-blot analysis, while copy-number(s) was ascertained using Southern-blot analysis. The inheritance of AtDREB1A gene in individual transgenic plants (T1 and T2) was confirmed using PCR. In homozygous transgenic plants (T2), under soil-moisture deficit stress, elevated level of AtDREB1A transgene expression was observed by RT-PCR assay. The transgenic plants at 45-d or reproductive growth stage showed tolerance to severe soil-moisture deficit stress. Physio-biochemical parameters such as proline content, osmotic potential, relative water content, electrolytic leakage, and total-chlorophyll content were found positively correlated with growth-related traits without any morphological abnormality, when compared to wild-type. qPCR analysis revealed consistent increase in expression of AtDREB1A gene under progressive soil-moisture deficit stress in two homozygous transgenic plants. The transgene expression showed significant correlation with improved physio-biochemical traits. The improvement of drought-stress tolerance in combination with improved growth-related traits is very essential criterion for a premium peanut cultivar like GG20, so that marginal farmers of India can incur the economic benefits during seasonal drought and water scarcity.
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30
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Janila P, Pandey MK, Shasidhar Y, Variath MT, Sriswathi M, Khera P, Manohar SS, Nagesh P, Vishwakarma MK, Mishra GP, Radhakrishnan T, Manivannan N, Dobariya KL, Vasanthi RP, Varshney RK. Molecular breeding for introgression of fatty acid desaturase mutant alleles (ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B) enhances oil quality in high and low oil containing peanut genotypes. Plant Sci 2016; 242:203-213. [PMID: 26566838 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
High oleate peanuts have two marketable benefits, health benefits to consumers and extended shelf life of peanut products. Two mutant alleles present on linkage group a09 (ahFAD2A) and b09 (ahFAD2B) control composition of three major fatty acids, oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids which together determine peanut oil quality. In conventional breeding, selection for fatty acid composition is delayed to advanced generations. However by using DNA markers, breeders can reject large number of plants in early generations and therefore can optimize time and resources. Here, two approaches of molecular breeding namely marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) and marker-assisted selection (MAS) were employed to transfer two FAD2 mutant alleles from SunOleic 95R into the genetic background of ICGV 06110, ICGV 06142 and ICGV 06420. In summary, 82 MABC and 387 MAS derived introgression lines (ILs) were developed using DNA markers with elevated oleic acid varying from 62 to 83%. Oleic acid increased by 0.5-1.1 folds, with concomitant reduction of linoleic acid by 0.4-1.0 folds and palmitic acid by 0.1-0.6 folds among ILs compared to recurrent parents. Finally, high oleate ILs, 27 with high oil (53-58%), and 28 ILs with low oil content (42-50%) were selected that may be released for cultivation upon further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasupuleti Janila
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Yaduru Shasidhar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Murali T Variath
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manda Sriswathi
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Pawan Khera
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Surendra S Manohar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Patne Nagesh
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish K Vishwakarma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- Directorate of Groundnut Research (DGR) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Junagadh, India
| | - T Radhakrishnan
- Directorate of Groundnut Research (DGR) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Junagadh, India
| | - N Manivannan
- Department of Oilseeds, Centre of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | - K L Dobariya
- Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University (JAU), Junagadh, India
| | - R P Vasanthi
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Tirupati, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India.
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Rao DA, Nguyen DX, Mishra GP, Doddapaneni BS, Alani AWG. Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles. J Vis Exp 2015:e53047. [PMID: 26382662 DOI: 10.3791/53047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers like polyethyleneglycol-block-polylactic acid (PEG-b-PLA) can self-assemble into micelles above their critical micellar concentration forming hydrophobic cores surrounded by hydrophilic shells in aqueous environments. The core of these micelles can be utilized to load hydrophobic, poorly water soluble drugs like docetaxel (DTX) and everolimus (EVR). Systematic characterization of the micelle structure and drug loading capabilities are important before in vitro and in vivo studies can be conducted. The goal of the protocol described herein is to provide the necessary characterization steps to achieve standardized micellar products. DTX and EVR have intrinsic solubilities of 1.9 and 9.6 µg/ml respectively Preparation of these micelles can be achieved through solvent casting which increases the aqueous solubility of DTX and EVR to 1.86 and 1.85 mg/ml, respectively. Drug stability in micelles evaluated at room temperature over 48 hr indicates that 97% or more of the drugs are retained in solution. Micelle size was assessed using dynamic light scattering and indicated that the size of these micelles was below 50 nm and depended on the molecular weight of the polymer. Drug release from the micelles was assessed using dialysis under sink conditions at pH 7.4 at 37 (o)C over 48 hr. Curve fitting results indicate that drug release is driven by a first order process indicating that it is diffusion driven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duc X Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University
| | | | - Adam W G Alani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University;
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Singh D, Radhakrishnan T, Kumar V, Bagwan NB, Basu MS, Dobaria JR, Mishra GP, Chanda SV. Molecular characterisation of Aspergillus flavus isolates from peanut fields in India using AFLP. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:673-82. [PMID: 26413047 PMCID: PMC4568877 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246320131115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination of peanut, due to infection by Aspergillus flavus, is a major problem of rain-fed agriculture in India. In the present study, molecular characterisation of 187 Aspergillus flavus isolates, which were sampled from the peanut fields of Gujarat state in India, was performed using AFLP markers. On a pooled cluster analysis, the markers could successfully discriminate among the 'A', 'B' and 'G' group A. flavus isolates. PCoA analysis also showed equivalent results to the cluster analysis. Most of the isolates from one district could be clustered together, which indicated genetic similarity among the isolates. Further, a lot of genetic variability was observed within a district and within a group. The results of AMOVA test revealed that the variance within a population (84%) was more than that between two populations (16%). The isolates, when tested by indirect competitive ELISA, showed about 68.5% of them to be atoxigenic. Composite analysis between the aflatoxin production and AFLP data was found to be ineffective in separating the isolate types by aflatoxigenicity. Certain unique fragments, with respect to individual isolates, were also identified that may be used for development of SCAR marker to aid in rapid and precise identification of isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vinod Kumar
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Gujarat, India
| | - N B Bagwan
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Gujarat, India
| | - M S Basu
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Gujarat, India
| | - J R Dobaria
- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Gujarat, India
| | | | - S V Chanda
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Gujarat, India
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Bosamia TC, Mishra GP, Thankappan R, Dobaria JR. Novel and Stress Relevant EST Derived SSR Markers Developed and Validated in Peanut. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129127. [PMID: 26046991 PMCID: PMC4457858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim to increase the number of functional markers in resource poor crop like cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea), large numbers of available expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in the public databases, were employed for the development of novel EST derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. From 16424 unigenes, 2784 (16.95%) SSRs containing unigenes having 3373 SSR motifs were identified. Of these, 2027 (72.81%) sequences were annotated and 4124 gene ontology terms were assigned. Among different SSR motif-classes, tri-nucleotide repeats (33.86%) were the most abundant followed by di-nucleotide repeats (27.51%) while AG/CT (20.7%) and AAG/CTT (13.25%) were the most abundant repeat-motifs. A total of 2456 EST-SSR novel primer pairs were designed, of which 366 unigenes having relevance to various stresses and other functions, were PCR validated using a set of 11 diverse peanut genotypes. Of these, 340 (92.62%) primer pairs yielded clear and scorable PCR products and 39 (10.66%) primer pairs exhibited polymorphisms. Overall, the number of alleles per marker ranged from 1-12 with an average of 3.77 and the PIC ranged from 0.028 to 0.375 with an average of 0.325. The identified EST-SSRs not only enriched the existing molecular markers kitty, but would also facilitate the targeted research in marker-trait association for various stresses, inter-specific studies and genetic diversity analysis in peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas C. Bosamia
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, 362001, India
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, 362001,India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, 362001, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Thankappan
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, 362001, India
| | - Jentilal R. Dobaria
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, 362001, India
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Singh D, Thankappan R, Kumar V, Bagwan NB, Basu MS, Dobaria JR, Mishra GP, Chanda S. Morphological and toxigenic variability in the Aspergillus flavus isolates from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production system in Gujarat (India). J Environ Biol 2015; 36:441-449. [PMID: 25895268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Morphological and toxigenic variability in 187 Aspergillus flavus isolates, collected from a major Indian peanut production system, from 10 districts of Gujarat was studied. On the basis of colony characteristics, the isolates were grouped as group A (83%), B (11%) and G (6%). Of all the isolates, 21%, 47% and 32% were found to be fast-growing, moderately-fast and slow-growing respectively, and nosclerotia and sclerotia production was recorded in 32.1% and 67% isolates respectively. Large, medium and small number of sclerotia production was observed in 55, 38 and 34 isolates respectively. Toxigenic potential based on ammonia vapour test was not found reliable, while ELISA test identified 68.5%, 18.7% and 12.8% isolates as atoxigenic, moderately-toxigenic and highly-toxigenic, respectively. On clustering, the isolates were grouped into 15 distinct clusters, 'A' group of isolates was grouped distinctly in different clusters, while 'B' and 'G' groups of isolates were clustered together. No association was observed between morphological-diversity and toxigenic potential of the isolates. From the present investigation, most virulent isolates were pooled to form a consortium for sick-plot screening of germplasm, against Aspergillus flavus. In future, atoxigenic isolates may be evaluated for their potential to be used as bio-control agent against toxigenicisolates.
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Sarkar T, Thankappan R, Kumar A, Mishra GP, Dobaria JR. Heterologous expression of the AtDREB1A gene in transgenic peanut-conferred tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110507. [PMID: 25545786 PMCID: PMC4278701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on genetic transformation in various crop plants using the DREB1A transcription factor has shown better abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic crops. The AtDREB1A transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. GG 20), which was previously developed, was characterized in terms of its physio-biochemical, molecular and growth parameters. The tolerance of this transgenic peanut to drought and salinity stresses was evaluated at the seedling (18 days old) and maturity stages. Transgenic peanut lines showed improved tolerance to both stresses over wild-type, as observed by delayed and less severe wilting of leaves and by improved growth parameters that were correlated with physio-biochemical parameters such as proline content, total chlorophyll content, osmotic potential, electrolytic leakage and relative water content. The expression pattern of the AtDREB1A gene evaluated using qPCR at different time points demonstrated that transgene expression was induced within two hours of stress imposition. The better performance of transgenic AtDREB1A peanut at the seedling stage and the improved growth parameters were due to the expression of the transgene, which is a transcription factor, and the possible up-regulation of various stress-inducible, downstream genes in the signal transduction pathway under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Sarkar
- Crop Improvement Division, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Abhay Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Crop Improvement Division, Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
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Mishra GP, Kinser R, Wierzbicki IH, Alany RG, Alani AW. In situ gelling polyvalerolactone-based thermosensitive hydrogel for sustained drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:397-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mishra GP, Doddapaneni BS, Nguyen D, Alani AWG. Antiangiogenic Effect of Docetaxel and Everolimus as Individual and Dual-Drug-Loaded Micellar Nanocarriers. Pharm Res 2013; 31:660-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Mishra GP, Nguyen D, Alani AWG. Inhibitory Effect of Paclitaxel and Rapamycin Individual and Dual Drug-Loaded Polymeric Micelles in the Angiogenic Cascade. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:2071-8. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400122m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United
States
| | - Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United
States
| | - Adam W. G. Alani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United
States
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Kumar J, Bajaj P, Singh H, Mishra GP, Srivastava RB, Naik PK. Utilization of intron-flanking EST-specific markers in the genetic characterization of Artemisia annua genotypes from the trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh, India. J Environ Biol 2012; 33:991-997. [PMID: 23741790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation was assessed utilizing intron-flanking EST-specific markers among genotypes of Artemesia annua collected from two sampling sites viz. Nubra (9,600 ft) and Leh (11,500 ft) valleys of the trans-Himalayan region, Ladakh, India. The available ESTs (3,60,906) sequences of A. annua were aligned with the genomic sequences of Arabidopsis to developed 'intron-flanking' EST-PCR based primers. These primers anneal with the conserved region of exon (flanking to the intron) and amplified the introns. Out of the 39 primers selected and tested on 20 genotypes of A. annua, we successfully exploited 81 codominant intron length polymorphism (ILP) markers, with an average of 2.08 markers per primer and 92.04% polymorphism detection. Clustering of genotypes revealed distribution of genotypes into 2 distinct clusters with respect to their site of collection. Significantly, this study demonstrates that Arabidopsis genome sequence can be useful in developing gene-specific PCR-based markers for other non-model plant species like A. annua in the absence of genome sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R & D Organization, Leh-194 101, India
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Mishra GP, Tamboli V, Mitra AK. Effect of hydrophobic and hydrophilic additives on sol-gel transition and release behavior of timolol maleate from polycaprolactone-based hydrogel. Colloid Polym Sci 2011; 289:1553-1562. [PMID: 21892247 DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to delineate the effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymeric additives on sol-gel transition and release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-caprolactone)- poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG)-based thermosensitive hydrogel. Polycaprolactone (hydrophobic additive) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (hydrophilic additive) reduced critical gel concentration of PEG-PCL-PEG triblock polymer. The effect of PCL on sol-gel transition was more pronounced than PVA. However, with PCL no statistically significant difference in release profile was observed. The effect of PVA on release profile was more pronounced, which reduced the cumulative percentage release of TM from 86.4±0.8% to 73.7±1.8% over 316 h. Moreover, cytotoxicity of the hydrogel was also investigated utilizing rabbit primary corneal epithelial culture cells. No significant cytotoxicity of hydrogel alone or in presence of additives was observed. So, polymeric additive strategy serves as a valuable tool for optimizing TM release kinetics from PEG-PCL-PEG hydrogel matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108-2718, USA
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Mishra GP, Tamboli V, Jwala J, Mitra AK. Recent patents and emerging therapeutics in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 5:26-36. [PMID: 21171952 DOI: 10.2174/187221311794474883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ocular allergy is an inflammatory response of the conjunctival mucosa that also affects the cornea and eyelids. Allergic conjunctivitis includes seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) and giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC). In general, allergic conditions involve mast cell degranulation that leads to release of inflammatory mediators and activation of enzymatic cascades generating pro-inflammatory mediators. In chronic ocular inflammatory disorders associated with mast cell activation such as VKC and AKC constant inflammatory response is observed due to predominance of inflammatory mediators such as eosinophils and Th2-generated cytokines. Antihistamines, mast-cell stabilizers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, corticosteroids and immunomodulatory agents are commonly indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic allergic conjunctivitis. In recent years newer drug molecules have been introduced in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. This article reviews recent patents and emerging therapeutics in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64108-2718, USA
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Hariharan S, Minocha M, Mishra GP, Pal D, Krishna R, Mitra AK. Interaction of ocular hypotensive agents (PGF2 alpha analogs-bimatoprost, latanoprost, and travoprost) with MDR efflux pumps on the rabbit cornea. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2010; 25:487-98. [PMID: 20028257 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2009.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of this work were (i) to screen ocular hypotensive prostaglandin (PGF2 alpha) analogs--bimatoprost, latanoprost, and travoprost as well as their free acid forms--for interaction with efflux pumps on the cornea and (ii) to assess the modulation of efflux upon co-administration of these prostaglandin analogs. METHODS Cultured rabbit primary corneal epithelial cells (rPCEC) were employed as an in vitro model for rabbit cornea. Transporter-specific interaction studies were carried out using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells overexpressing MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP5, and BCRP. Freshly excised rabbit cornea was used as an ex vivo model to determine transcorneal permeability. RESULTS Cellular accumulation studies clearly showed that all prostaglandin analogs and their free acid forms are substrates of MRP1, MRP2, and MRP5. Bimatoprost was the only prostaglandin analog in this study to interact with P-gp. In addition, none of these molecules showed any affinity for BCRP. K (i) values of these prostaglandin analogs obtained from dose-dependent inhibition of erythromycin efflux in rPCEC showed bimatoprost (82.54 microM) and travoprost (94.77 microM) to have similar but higher affinity to efflux pumps than latanoprost (163.20 microM). Ex vivo studies showed that the permeation of these molecules across cornea was significantly elevated in the presence of specific efflux modulators. Finally, both in vitro and ex vivo experiments demonstrated that the efflux of these prostaglandin analogs could be modulated by co-administering them together. CONCLUSION Bimatoprost, latanoprost, travoprost, and their free acid forms are substrates of multiple drug efflux pumps on the cornea. Co-administration of these molecules together is a viable strategy to overcome efflux, which could simultaneously elicit a synergistic pharmacological effect, since these molecules have been shown to activate different receptor population for the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudharshan Hariharan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
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Kumar M, Mishra GP, Singh R, Kumar J, Naik PK, Singh SB. Correspondence of ISSR and RAPD markers for comparative analysis of genetic diversity among different apricot genotypes from cold arid deserts of trans-Himalayas. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2009; 15:225-36. [PMID: 23572932 PMCID: PMC3550357 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-009-0026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships of 36 locally grown Prunus armeniaca genotypes which are collected from nine sampling sites from two valleys viz. Nubra (9,600 ft) and Leh (11,500 ft) of trans-Himalayan region were analyzed using 31 PCR markers (20 RAPDs and 11 ISSRs). This is the first report of molecular genetic diversity studies in apricot from this region of the world. RAPD analysis yielded 139 fragments, of which 136 were polymorphic, with an average of 6.8 polymorphic fragments per primer. ISSR analysis produced 58 bands, of which 56 were polymorphic, with an average of 5.09 polymorphic fragments per primer. The primers based on (CT)n produced maximum number of bands (nine) while, (AT)n and many other motifs gave no amplification. RAPD markers were found more efficient with regards to polymorphism detection, as they detected 97.84 % as compared to 96.5 % for ISSR markers. Clustering of genotypes within groups was not similar when RAPD and ISSR derived dendrogram were compared, whereas the pattern of clustering of the genotypes remained more or less the same in RAPD and combined data of RAPD + ISSR. The results of PCA analysis were comparable to the cluster analysis. These analyses, allowed us to identify the groups corresponding to the two apricot collection sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meetul Kumar
- />Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R&D Organization, C/o 56 APO, Leh, 194101 Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- />Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R&D Organization, C/o 56 APO, Leh, 194101 Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Raghwendra Singh
- />Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R&D Organization, C/o 56 APO, Leh, 194101 Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- />Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R&D Organization, C/o 56 APO, Leh, 194101 Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Pradeep K. Naik
- />Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, 173215 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- />Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R&D Organization, C/o 56 APO, Leh, 194101 Jammu & Kashmir India
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Hariharan S, Gunda S, Mishra GP, Pal D, Mitra AK. Enhanced corneal absorption of erythromycin by modulating P-glycoprotein and MRP mediated efflux with corticosteroids. Pharm Res 2008; 26:1270-82. [PMID: 18958406 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives were (i) to test in vivo functional activity of MRP2 on rabbit corneal epithelium and (ii) to evaluate modulation of P-gp and MRP2 mediated efflux of erythromycin when co-administered with corticosteroids. METHODS Cultured rabbit primary corneal epithelial cells (rPCECs) was employed as an in vitro model for rabbit cornea. Cellular accumulation and bi-directional transport studies were conducted across Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells overexpressing MDR1 and MRP2 proteins to delineate transporter specific interaction of steroids. Ocular pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in rabbits following a single-dose infusion of erythromycin in the presence of specific inhibitors and steroids. RESULTS Bi-directional transport of erythromycin across MDCK-MDR1 and MDCK-MRP2 cells showed significant difference between BL-AP and AP-BL permeability, suggesting that erythromycin is a substrate for P-gp and MRP2. Cellular accumulation of erythromycin in rPCEC was inhibited by steroids in a dose dependent manner. MK571, a specific MRP inhibitor, modulated the aqueous humor concentration of erythromycin in vivo. Even, steroids inhibited P-gp and MRP2 mediated efflux with maximum increase in k(a), AUC(0-infinity), C(max) and C(last) values of erythromycin, observed with 6alpha-methyl prednisolone. CONCLUSION MRP2 is functionally active along with P-gp in effluxing drug molecules out of corneal epithelium. Steroids were able to significantly inhibit both P-gp and MRP2 mediated efflux of erythromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudharshan Hariharan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 5005 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
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Netalkar AS, Sharma RR, Mahapatra AK, Sousa J, Lad SD, Pawar SJ, Mishra GP, Musa MM. An unusual presentation of an intra-parenchymatous frontal yolk sac tumour : case report. Neurol India 2001; 49:395-7. [PMID: 11799415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Yolk sac tumours are rare conditions among the germ cell tumours. Intracerebral germ cell tumours are exceedingly rare. A 15 year old girl presenting with a one week history of raised intracranial pressure is described. She had bilateral papilloedema and a right 6th nerve palsy. CT scan showed an intra-parenchymatous right frontal ring enhancing lesion of 2 cms diameter. The patient underwent microsurgical total excision of the tumour, followed by chemotherapy. She was asymptomatic at three years following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Netalkar
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neurosurgical Centre, Khoula Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Sousa J, Sharma RR, Pawar SJ, Mahapatra A, Mishra GP. Solitary skull metastasis from mucoepidermoid mimicking a parotid tumour. Neurol India 2001; 49:194-6. [PMID: 11447446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic parotid tumours in the skull are very rare. An interesting case of a mucoepidermoid parotid tumour metastasizing to the skull vault is described in a patient who had previously been operated for a pituitary adenoma 20 years back with no post operative radiotherapy; however, she required hormonal supplementation therapy. She underwent an operation for a parotid tumour 7 years ago and received postoperative radiotherapy for the parotid tumour away from the site of the skull metastases. No local recurrence of the parotid tumour was noted. The initial diagnosis was that of a solitary intradiploic meningioma. Interesting clinico-radiological findings are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sousa
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Neurosurgical Centre, Khoula Hospital, Post Box-90, Postal Code - 116, Mina-Al-Fahal, Muscat, Oman
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Mishra GP, Sharma RR, Lad SD, Pawar SJ, Mahapatra AK. Gluteal neuralgia - unusual presentation in an adult with intrasacral meningocele: a case report and review of literature. Neurol India 2000; 48:279-81. [PMID: 11025636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A nineteen year old man with intrasacral meningocele is reported, who presented with long standing episodic gluteal pain and progressive muscle wasting. Magnetic resonance imaging established the diagnosis. Surgical excision relieved the pain but muscle wasting persisted. Pertinent literature is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Mishra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Khoula Hospital, PO Box - 90, Postal code - 116, Mina AI Fahal, Muscat, Oman
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Endodermal or Neurenteric cysts are commonly found in spine. Their intracranial occurrence is rare and such a cyst in the septum pellucidum is exceptional. METHOD We report a woman, with 33 week pregnancy, presenting in a semiconscious state due to raised intracranial pressure (ICP) due to hydrocephalus caused by a large lesion in the septum pellucidum. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the lesion which was better characterised by the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). First baby was delivered by LSCS and bilateral ventriculo-peritoneal shunts were inserted; and later on the cyst was excised. RESULT There was full neurological recovery following the insertion of VP shunt. After excision of cyst cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway was established and shunts could be removed. Post-operative period was complicated by septic ventriculitis. Eventually patient was discharged home in excellent condition. CONCLUSION Endodermal cyst of septum pellucidum is an uncommon condition. Such lesions may be large when revealed, good outcome is expected after surgical excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Mishra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Khoula Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Nonlinear dynamic behavior and electrokinetic oscillations have been investigated for the membrane systems (a) 0.1 N NaCl/KCl parallel Millipore filter parallel 0.01 N NaCl/KCl; (b) 0.1 N NaCl/KCl parallel Whatman Inorganic filter parallel 0.01 N NaCl/KCl; and (c) 0.1 N NaCl/KCl parallel silver-coated filter parallel 0.01 N NaCl/KCl, from the viewpoint of testing the theories for the phenomena and elucidating the mechanism. To achieve these objectives, studies on hydrodynamic permeability, electroosmotic permeability, bistability, and electrokinetic oscillations were undertaken. Relaxation time for buildup and decay of electroosmotic pressures was experimentally determined. Bistability was not observed showing that it is not a prerequisite for oscillations and nonlinear relations between (J(v))(Deltarho=0) and Deltaφ involving cubic or higher-order terms are necessary for bistability. The oscillations were studied at different current strengths. The period is found to be independent of current, while amplitude A is found to be linearly related to current I which is the bifurcation parameter. The bifurcation point occurs at approximately 0.4 mA. Studies have also been made with membranes of different pore size that show that amplitude increases with increase in pore size of the membranes. The validity of the two-variable model of Teorell was examined by comparing the experimental results with computer simulation based on parameters determined experimentally. Theory does not meet expectation and the results suggest that modification of theory is needed. The weakness of the theory has been critically examined. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- RP Rastogi
- Chemistry Department, Lucknow University, Lucknow-, 226007, India
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