Hydrops fetalis secondary to supradiaphragmatic extrapulmonary sequestration with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a hamartomatous lesion. A 30 year old woman, G2P1L1, in the 29th week of gestation presented with pain abdomen, chest pain, cough with expectoration, fever and inability to appreciate fetal movements of 2 days duration. Clinically, she had pneumonia. An ultrasound revealed a single fetus in breech presentation with features of hydrops fetalis, hypoplastic left lung, mediastinal shift to the left and poor diastolic and systolic flow in the umbilical artery.A still born male baby delivered subsequently was found at autopsy to have hydrops fetalis, supradiaphragmatic right sided extralobar sequestration with associated congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation.The right lung also showed congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. There were no other associated anomalies. We present a rare case of extralobar sequestrationwith congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation.

Histological evaluation of 400 cholecystectomy specimens

Background: A majority of gallbladder specimens show changes associated with chronic cholecystitis; however few harbour a highly lethal carcinoma. This study was conducted to review the significant histopathological findings encountered in gallbladder specimens received in our laboratory.Materials and Methods: Four hundred cholecystectomy specimens were studied over a period of five years (May, 2002 to April, 2007) received at department of pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India. Results: Gallstones and associated diseases were more common in women in the 4th to 5th decade as compared to men with M: F ratio of 1:1.33. Maximum number of patients (28.25%) being 41 to 50 years old. Histopathologically, the most common diagnosis was chronic cholecystitis (66.75%), followed by chronic active cholecystitis (20.25%), acute cholecystitis (6%), gangrenous cholecystitis (2.25%),xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (0.50%), empyema (1%), mucocele (0.25%), choledochal cyst (0.25%), adenocarcinoma gallbladder (1.25%) and  normal  gallbladders (1%).Conclusion: All lesions were found more frequently in women except chronic active cholecystitis. Gallstones were present in (80.25%) cases, and significantly associated with various lesions (P value 0.009). Pigment stones were most common, followed by cholesterol stones and mixed stones. Adequate  sectioning  is  mandatory  in  all  cases  to  assess  epithelial changes arising from cholelithiasis and chronic cholecystitis as it has been known to progress to malignancy in some cases.

Aortic aneurysm: a case report with emphasize on microscopic and surgical anatomy

We report a case of fusiform type of abdominal aortic aneurysm which was found during the routine dissection of a cadaver, done for teaching the undergraduate medical students. The aneurysm was seen unruptured and positioned below the renal arteries, just above the aortic bifurcation. This study illustrates the microscopic and surgical anatomy of the aneurysm with added literature review and clinical implications. We believe that the knowledge of this vascular pathology will be enlightening for broad specialties of medicine and medical science researchers alike.

Studies on the partial synthesis of protein analogs by direct coupling to terminal homoserine lactone derivatives. Experiments with basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor

Treatment of basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI, I) with cyanogen bromide smoothly yields the chain cleaved derivative II. The utility of the seco-lactone (II) in the partial synthesis of protein analogues has been investigated. It is shown that the homoserine lactone ring is sufficiently reactive to combine directly with the radiolabelled synthetic peptide glycylglycylanine t-butyl ester in both aqueous and non-aqueous solution, leading to a BPTI analogue which has been purified and characterized.

Secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast: diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology

A 34years old female who was a known case of multiple myeloma presented with a mass in the right breast. Clinically a differential diagnosis of breast carcinoma or secondary involvement by multiple myeloma was considered. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of the mass was performed which showed dispersed population of plasma cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, abundant cytoplasm and the characteristic paranuclear hof.

Choroid plexus papilloma diagnosed by crush cytology

In a 32-yr-old man, an infratentorial cystic lesion with a mural nodule was interpreted to be either a hemangioblastoma or a cystic astrocytoma on CT scan. Intraoperative crush cytology revealed it to be a choroid plexus papilloma (CPP). The utility of crush cytology in the rapid diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tumors and the differential diagnosis of CNS papillary lesions are highlighted in this report.

Malignant fibrous histocytoma of bone in neurofibromatosis--a case report

Multiorgan neoplasms are encountered frequently in patients with neurofibromatosis, which is a genetic disorder. Though skeletal abnormalities are common in these patients, the occurrence of primary bone sarcomas is very rare. We hereby report a case of post-radiation malignant fibrous-histiocytoma of bone developing in an elderly patient with neurofibromatosis.

Supernumerary ovary associated with Wilms' tumor

Supernumerary ovaries are gynecological rarities. To the best of our knowledge, only 18 histologically confirmed cases have been documented so far, all reported in adult women. We present the first such case in a 5-year-old child, who also had a Wilms' tumor of the left kidney.

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is an unusual brain tumour of children with a favourable prognosis. The tumour takes origin from subpial astrocytes of the cerebral cortex. Histologically proliferation of spindle cells, mono and multinucleated giant cells containing lipid droplets and the absence of necrosis are distinctive features. Herein we report the morphological and immunophenotypical features of a case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.

Angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma

Three cases of angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma of the lower extremity are described. All the three patients were young and gave a history of swelling of 1-5 years duration. Histologically, the lesions were characterised by the presence of large blood filled spaces lacking endothelial lining, being surrounded and lined by sheets of proliferating histiocytes, many of which contained haemosiderin pigment.

Rhinoentomophthoromycosis: a report of three cases

Three cases of rhinoentomophthoromycosis involving the nasal region are presented diagnosis in the first two cases was made on surgical biopsy and in the third case by fine needle aspiration biopsy. A granulomatous inflammatory reaction was seen in tissue around hollow broad hyphae of the fungus. The hyphal strands were surrounded by eosinophilic deposits Splendore--Hoeppli phenomenon.