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James Bates RE, Browne E, Schalks R, Jacobs H, Tan L, Parekh P, Magliozzi R, Calabrese M, Mazarakis ND, Reynolds R. Lymphotoxin-alpha expression in the meninges causes lymphoid tissue formation and neurodegeneration. Brain 2022; 145:4287-4307. [PMID: 35776111 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Organised meningeal immune cell infiltrates are suggested to play an important role in cortical grey matter pathology in the multiple sclerosis brain, but the mechanisms involved are as yet unresolved. Lymphotoxin-alpha plays a key role in lymphoid organ development and cellular cytotoxicity in the immune system and its expression is increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of naïve and progressive multiple sclerosis patients and post-mortem meningeal tissue. Here we show that persistently increased levels of lymphotoxin alpha in the cerebral meninges can give rise to lymphoid-like structures and underlying multiple sclerosis-like cortical pathology. Stereotaxic injections of recombinant lymphotoxin-alpha into the rat meninges led to acute meningeal inflammation and subpial demyelination that resolved after 28 days, with demyelination being dependent on prior sub-clinical immunisation with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Injection of a lymphotoxin-alpha lentiviral vector into the cortical meningeal space, to produce chronic localised over-expression of the cytokine, induced extensive lymphoid-like immune cell aggregates, maintained over 3 months, including T-cell rich zones containing podoplanin+ fibroblastic reticular stromal cells and B-cell rich zones with a network of follicular dendritic cells, together with expression of lymphoid chemokines and their receptors. Extensive microglial and astroglial activation, subpial demyelination and marked neuronal loss occurred in the underlying cortical parenchyma. Whereas subpial demyelination was partially dependent on prior myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunisation, the neuronal loss was present irrespective of immunisation. Conditioned medium from LTα treated microglia was able to induce a reactive phenotype in astrocytes. Our results show that chronic lymphotoxin-alpha overexpression alone is sufficient to induce formation of meningeal lymphoid-like structures and subsequent neurodegeneration, similar to that seen in the progressive multiple sclerosis brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E James Bates
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Eleanor Browne
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Renee Schalks
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Heather Jacobs
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Li Tan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Puja Parekh
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Roberta Magliozzi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK.,Neurology Section, Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Calabrese
- Neurology Section, Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Nicholas D Mazarakis
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK
| | - Richard Reynolds
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, Hospital Campus, UK.,Centre for Molecular Neuropathology, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Erasmus R, Fourie P, Janse van Rensburg C, Jacobs H. An audit on the accuracy of freehand acetabular cup positioning in total hip arthroplasty with the direct lateral approach at a tertiary institution over seven years. SA orthop j 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2022/v21n4a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The direct lateral approach for total hip replacement has been traditionally reserved and described for neck of femur fractures. Advantages of this approach include technically easy access to the acetabulum and femur and low incidence of hip dislocation. Imperfect positioning of the acetabular component leads to increased risk for dislocations, accelerated wear, reduced range of motion and increased revision rate. Freehand technique has been the gold standard for many decades, but newer technologies like computer navigation and robotic-assisted surgery have shown to improve the accuracy of cup placement. This study reports on the accuracy of freehand cup positioning via the direct lateral approach with mention of the dislocation rate METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 253 patients who had total hip replacements done via the direct lateral approach. The patients' files were evaluated for patient parameters, demographic details, aetiology of hip pathology, confirmation of approach used, comorbidities and history of previous relevant surgery. The postoperative radiographs were analysed for acetabular component position inclination and anteversion. Dislocation rates were calculated as a secondary objective RESULTS: The radiographic analysis was performed using the Liaw method based on trigonometry of the eclipse generated. This showed a mean cup inclination of 42.3° (95% CI: 41.3-43.3°) and anteversion of 12.7° (95% CI: 12.0-13.7°). A total of 57% of the acetabular cups were within the safe zones described by Lewinnek. Of them, 78% were in the 30-50° range for inclination and 73% in the 5-25° range for anteversion. There were ten dislocations within one year from the index procedure: a dislocation rate of 4.0% (95% CI: 2.8-8.5% CONCLUSION: The freehand technique using the direct lateral approach for acetabular cup placement produces a poor overall accuracy of only 57%. Although our study only commented on ten dislocations, the rate (4%) is significantly worse compared to the 0.43% reported in literature for the direct lateral approach. The radiographic results for inclination and anteversion are comparable to other freehand techniques, regardless of the approach used, but significantly worse than results achieved with navigation and robotics Level of evidence: Level 4
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Willemsen L, Neele A, Prange K, Roomen C, Bruinenberg DAL, Den Toom M, Griffith G, Chen HJ, Beckers L, Bosmans L, Binder C, Van Leeuwen F, Jacobs H, De Winther M. Histone methyltransferase DOT1L regulates macrophage inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koprda O, Sokolovic L, Dronse J, Jacobs H, Dillen K, Richter N, Reutern BV, Langen K, Onur I, Fink G, Kukolja J. P87 The effect of periventricular white matter hyperintensities on functional connectivity and cognitive performance in elderly adults. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Watt FE, Blauwet MB, Fakhoury A, Jacobs H, Smulders R, Lane NE. Tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) inhibition for the treatment of painful knee osteoarthritis: results from a randomized controlled phase 2a trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1590-1598. [PMID: 31356878 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the TrkA inhibitor, ASP7962, for treatment of painful knee osteoarthritis. DESIGN Phase 2a, double-blind, placebo- and naproxen-controlled, double-dummy, parallel-group study. Adults with knee osteoarthritis were randomized (2:2:1) to ASP7962 (100 mg), placebo, or naproxen (500 mg) twice daily (BID) for 4 weeks. Primary endpoint: change from baseline to Week 4 in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale score. Secondary endpoints: change from baseline to Weeks 1, 2, and End of Treatment (EoT) in WOMAC pain subscale score; change from baseline to Weeks 1, 2, 4, and EoT in WOMAC physical function and stiffness subscales, walking pain and WOMAC total scores; and change from baseline in daily average pain score. RESULTS 215 participants were randomized (ASP7962 100 mg BID, n = 85; placebo, n = 87; naproxen 500 mg BID, n = 43). No significant difference was observed between ASP7962 and placebo in change from baseline to Week 4 in WOMAC pain subscale score (-0.14; 90% 2-sided CI: -0.62, 0.34; P = 0.316); a significant difference was observed between naproxen and placebo (-0.67; 80% 2-sided CI: -1.12, -0.23; P = 0.027). No differences were observed between ASP7962 and placebo in change from baseline in any WOMAC subscale score; statistically significant changes were observed between naproxen and placebo (P ≤ 0.01, all time points for all WOMAC endpoints). ASP7962 was safe and well-tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Four-week treatment with ASP7962 (100 mg BID) did not improve pain or physical function in individuals with painful knee osteoarthritis. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02611466; EudraCT Number, 2014-004996-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Watt
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive Headington, Oxford, UK.
| | - M B Blauwet
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA.
| | - A Fakhoury
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA.
| | - H Jacobs
- Formerly with Astellas Pharma Global Development, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - R Smulders
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA.
| | - N E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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Pilzecker B, Buoninfante O, Song J, Pritchard C, Huijbers I, Vivié J, Philipsen S, Van den Berk P, Jacobs H. PO-397 DNA damage tolerance is essential for the DNA damage response network and hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jacobs H, Hogenbirk M. SPOT-001 Molecular and biophysical determinants of chromosomal translocations: a multiomics approach. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Abstract
This paper describes a system for dealing with a certain kind of textual information. The system has been in operation for about one and a half years. It also indicates the nature of a new and greatly expanded system presently under development.The first system consists essentially of three parts, of which the most important is a thesaurus processor. The assumption is made that document content depends only on word content and that word relationships are defined by an hierarchical structure. The function of the thesaurus processor is to provide a simple language for developing and changing the thesaurus, whenever change is necessary. The remaining parts of the first system are a document processor for updating document files, and a search processor for batch requests which must scan the entire document file. Some statistics are given on performance of the system.The second system includes a thesaurus processor of expanded capability. It also includes a newly developed search language, which can be used to scan records for complex patterns of events. Input-output processing of records and of search results is left to the user of the system.
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Müller-Ehrenberg L, Verhey F, Sack A, Jacobs H. P203 Is more better? A protocol to investigate the (neural) effects of repeated vs. single tACS in healthy and pathological ageing. Clin Neurophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jacobs H, Van de Werf F, Lesaffre E, De Geest H, Collen D. A randomized placebo controlled trial on the effects of simvastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on blood lipids and fibrinolytic parameters. Acta Clin Belg 2016; 47:82-9. [PMID: 1352930 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.1992.11718214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is frequently associated with disturbed blood lipids and with a deficient blood fibrinolytic capacity. In order to investigate a possible link between hypercholesterolemia and hypofibrinolysis, we have investigated the effect of simvastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on blood lipids and fibrinolytic parameters in a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study design. Twenty-four male patients, aged between 42 and 65 years, with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease, were selected from a series of 731 consecutive patients on the basis of a fasting serum cholesterol level of more than 250 mg/dl and a plasma PAI-1 level of more than 60 ng/ml. Patients were randomly assigned to 20 mg of simvastatin daily (Group I), or placebo (Group II), for four weeks, followed by doubling of the dose for another four weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks. Groups I and II did not differ significantly at baseline. As expected, simvastatin produced a significant reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol (33 +/- 12 and 36 +/- 12 percent, mean +/- SD, after 4 and 8 weeks respectively, p less than 0.001 vs baseline), LDL-cholesterol (36 +/- 5 and 43 +/- 6 percent respectively, p less than 0.001 vs baseline) and apolipoprotein-B (20 +/- 29 and 23 +/- 30 percent respectively, p less than 0.05 vs baseline), whereas these parameters did not change significantly in the placebo group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jacobs
- Division of Cardiology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Beachley VZ, Wolf MT, Sadtler K, Manda SS, Jacobs H, Blatchley MR, Bader JS, Pandey A, Pardoll D, Elisseeff JH. Tissue matrix arrays for high-throughput screening and systems analysis of cell function. Nat Methods 2015; 12:1197-204. [PMID: 26480475 PMCID: PMC4666781 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell and protein arrays have demonstrated remarkable utility in the high-throughput evaluation of biological responses; however, they lack the complexity of native tissue and organs. Here, we describe tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) arrays for screening biological outputs and systems analysis. We spotted processed tissue ECM particles as two-dimensional arrays or incorporated them with cells to generate three-dimensional cell-matrix microtissue arrays. We then investigated the response of human stem, cancer, and immune cells to tissue ECM arrays originating from 11 different tissues, and validated the 2D and 3D arrays as representative of the in vivo microenvironment through quantitative analysis of tissue-specific cellular responses, including matrix production, adhesion and proliferation, and morphological changes following culture. The biological outputs correlated with tissue proteomics, and network analysis identified several proteins linked to cell function. Our methodology enables broad screening of ECMs to connect tissue-specific composition with biological activity, providing a new resource for biomaterials research and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince Z Beachley
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Matthew T Wolf
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Srikanth S Manda
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Heather Jacobs
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael R Blatchley
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joel S Bader
- High-Throughput Biology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Drew Pardoll
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Tubiello FN, Salvatore M, Ferrara AF, House J, Federici S, Rossi S, Biancalani R, Condor Golec RD, Jacobs H, Flammini A, Prosperi P, Cardenas-Galindo P, Schmidhuber J, Sanz Sanchez MJ, Srivastava N, Smith P. The Contribution of Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990-2012. Glob Chang Biol 2015; 21:2655-2660. [PMID: 25580828 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We refine the information available through the IPCC AR5 with regard to recent trends in global GHG emissions from agriculture, forestry and other land uses (AFOLU), including global emission updates to 2012. Using all three available AFOLU datasets employed for analysis in the IPCC AR5, rather than just one as done in the IPCC AR5 WGIII Summary for Policy Makers, our analyses point to a down-revision of global AFOLU shares of total anthropogenic emissions, while providing important additional information on subsectoral trends. Our findings confirm that the share of AFOLU emissions to the anthropogenic total declined over time. They indicate a decadal average of 28.7 ± 1.5% in the 1990s and 23.6 ± 2.1% in the 2000s and an annual value of 21.2 ± 1.5% in 2010. The IPCC AR5 had indicated a 24% share in 2010. In contrast to previous decades, when emissions from land use (land use, land use change and forestry, including deforestation) were significantly larger than those from agriculture (crop and livestock production), in 2010 agriculture was the larger component, contributing 11.2 ± 0.4% of total GHG emissions, compared to 10.0 ± 1.2% of the land use sector. Deforestation was responsible for only 8% of total anthropogenic emissions in 2010, compared to 12% in the 1990s. Since 2010, the last year assessed by the IPCC AR5, new FAO estimates indicate that land use emissions have remained stable, at about 4.8 Gt CO2 eq yr-1 in 2012. Emissions minus removals have also remained stable, at 3.2 Gt CO2 eq yr-1 in 2012. By contrast, agriculture emissions have continued to grow, at roughly 1% annually, and remained larger than the land use sector, reaching 5.4 Gt CO2 eq yr-1 in 2012. These results are useful to further inform the current climate policy debate on land use, suggesting that more efforts and resources should be directed to further explore options for mitigation in agriculture, much in line with the large efforts devoted to REDD+ in the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco N Tubiello
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Mirella Salvatore
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Alessandro F Ferrara
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Jo House
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Sandro Federici
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Simone Rossi
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
- European Commission Joint Research Center, Ispra, VA, 28100, Italy
| | - Riccardo Biancalani
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Rocio D Condor Golec
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Heather Jacobs
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Alessandro Flammini
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Paolo Prosperi
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Paola Cardenas-Galindo
- Climate, Energy and Tenure Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Josef Schmidhuber
- Statistics Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Maria J Sanz Sanchez
- Forest Management Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via Terme di Caracalla, Rome, 00153, Italy
| | - Nalin Srivastava
- IPCC Task Force on National GHG Inventories, IGES, 2108-11 Kamiyamaguchi Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, 23 St Machar Drive, Room G45, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
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van der Ven M, Ten Cate D, Gerards A, Jacobs H, Swen N, de Jager M, Basoski N, Haagsma C, Hazes M, Luime J. SAT0586 Ultrasonographic Signs Of Inflammation of Metatarsophalangeal Joints in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients who are Treated to Target. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jacobs H, Grieshaber M, Schneider U, Henrich P, Goldblum D. Torische Intraokularlinsen: Eine nützliche Methode in der Korrektur des kornealen Astigmatismus. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2015; 232:372-4. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1545815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Jacobs
- Augenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Schweiz
| | | | | | - P. Henrich
- Augenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Schweiz
| | - D. Goldblum
- Augenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Schweiz
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Bockelmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
| | - H. Jacobs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
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Stuhr A, Jacobs H, Juza R. Notizen: Die Kristallstruktur des Na3[Y(NH2)6] / The crystal structure of Na3[Y(NH2)6]. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1970-1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Stuhr
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
| | - H. Jacobs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
| | - R. Juza
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
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Stuhr A, Jacobs H. Notizen: Die Krisallstruktur des Na[Yb(NH2)4] / The crystal structure of Na[Yb (NH2) 4]. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1971-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Stuhr
- Institut für anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
| | - H. Jacobs
- Institut für anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel
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Lutz HD, Henning J, Jacobs H, Harbrecht B. Hydrogen Bonding and Phase Transitions of RbOH · H2O and CsOH · H2O Studied by IR and Raman Spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.198800368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lamers-Karnebeek FBG, Jacobs H, Fransen J, Luime J, Riel P, Jansen T. THU0152 The Poet-Us Study: Can Ultrasonography Predict Flare in Patients with RA and Persistent Low Disease Activity in Whom the Tnfinhibitor (TNFI) is Stopped? Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sieuwerts AM, Burns M, Look MP, Meijer-Van Gelder ME, Schlicker A, Heidemann MR, Jacobs H, Wessels L, Willis S, Leyland-Jones B, Gray K, Foekens JA, Harris RS, Martens JW. Abstract S6-05: High levels of APOBEC3B, a DNA deaminase and an enzymatic source of C-to-T transitions, are a validated marker of poor outcome in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-s6-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two recent observations have connected the innate immune DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B to the genetic evolution of breast cancer. First, APOBEC3B was shown to be up-regulated in the majority of breast cancers, and, in breast cancer cell lines, its activity was causally linked to a doubling of the number of C-to-T transitions over time and to a delay in cell cycle progression (1). Second, sequencing of the complete genome of 21 breast cancers independently suggested that APOBEC deaminase activity could be responsible for 2 of 5 mutational imprints identified, which involved clustered (also called kataegis) and dispersed C-to-T transition mutations in the context of 5’TC dinucleotide motifs (2).
In the current study, we addressed a possible association of APOBEC3B expression with outcome in clinical breast cancer. For this we measured using real-time RT-PCR APOBEC3B mRNA levels in 1,491 primary invasive breast cancers and correlated these levels with disease-free survival (DFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS) using univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis. In addition, we independently validated our findings in available gene expression datasets with appropriate follow-up.
In univariate analyses including all patients, increasing levels of APOBEC3B mRNA analyzed as a continuous variable were significantly associated with shorter DFS, MFS and OS (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.29, 1.31 and 1.36, respectively, all P<0.001). To determine the relation of APOBEC3B mRNA expression with the natural course of the disease without the potential confounding effects of systemic adjuvant therapy, we restricted our next analyses to MFS in 829 patients with lymph node-negative disease who had not received any (neo)adjuvant systemic therapy. This analysis showed that APOBEC3B mRNA expression was, in univariate, and in multivariable analysis, including the traditional prognostic factors (age, menopausal status, tumor size, grade and steroid hormone receptors), a marker of pure prognosis specifically in patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) disease (univariate HR = 1.30; P = 0.003; multivariate HR = 1.22, P = 0.042).
To substantiate and validate our findings, we analysed 4 independent available datasets containing in total 5,760 breast cancer cases in which APOBEC3B mRNA expression was measured by probes on microarrays and found that higher APOBEC3B mRNA expression (dichotomised by mean) was significantly associated with poor outcome in all 4 cohorts ([Metabric, 1,491 ER+ cases, HR = 1.82; P<0.001], [Affymetrix compiled dataset-1, 2,407 cases, HR = 2.22; P = 0.001], and [BIG 1-98; 1,207 cases, HR = 2.13; P<0.001 of late recurrence>5 years], and [Affymetrix dataset-2, 643 ER+ cases, HR = 2.04; P = 0.001]).
Altogether, our analyses show that APOBEC3B mRNA - and as a result likely DNA deamination – is a validated predictor of poor outcome in breast cancer, supporting the notion that APOBEC3B is a potentially interesting clinical target for therapeutic intervention to prevent breast cancer progression and metastasis, particularly in ER+ disease.
1. Burns, M.B. et al. Nature 494, 366-70 (2013); 2. Nik-Zainal, S. et al. Cell 149, 979-93 (2012).
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr S6-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- AM Sieuwerts
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - M Burns
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - MP Look
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - ME Meijer-Van Gelder
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - A Schlicker
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - MR Heidemann
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - H Jacobs
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - L Wessels
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - S Willis
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - B Leyland-Jones
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - K Gray
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - JA Foekens
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - RS Harris
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - JW Martens
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sanford Health and Research, Sioux Falls, SD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
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Lewis-Holmes E, Taylor E, Pitfield C, Morris J, Wills G, Carson N, Jacobs H, Livingston G. Supportive, interactive staff training may improve outcomes for residents dying in a care home. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000264.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Badal S, Williams S, Huang G, Francis S, Vedantam P, Dunbar O, Jacobs H, Tzeng T, Gangemi J, Delgoda R. Erratum to “Cytochrome P450 1 enzyme inhibition and anticancer potential of chromene amides from Amyris plumieri” [Fitoterapia 82 (2011) 230–236]. Fitoterapia 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jacobs H, Koek GH, Peters R, Moalin M, Tack J, van der Vijgh WJ, Bast A, Haenen GR. Differences in Pharmacological Activities of the Antioxidant Flavonoid MonoHER in Humans and Mice Are Caused by Variations in Its Metabolic Profile. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 90:852-9. [DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2011.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Boumans MJH, Houbiers JGA, Verschueren P, Ishikura H, Westhovens R, Brouwer E, Rojkovich B, Kelly S, den Adel M, Isaacs J, Jacobs H, Gomez-Reino J, Holtkamp GM, Hastings A, Gerlag DM, Tak PP. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of the monoclonal antibody ASK8007 blocking osteopontin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised, placebo controlled, proof-of-concept study. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 71:180-5. [PMID: 21917822 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteopontin is an extracellular matrix protein with diverse immunomodulatory functions. The authors assessed the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and initial efficacy of the humanised monoclonal antibody ASK8007, which blocks osteopontin. METHODS In this double-blind, multicentre, combined first-in-man, single-dose escalation (phase I, part A) and proof-of-concept, multiple-dose (phase IIA, part B) study, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with active disease were randomly assigned to receive ASK8007 or placebo intravenously. Safety monitoring, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses and clinical assessments were performed throughout the study. The expression of phenotypic cell markers was evaluated in synovial tissue biopsy samples obtained at baseline and 43 days after initiation of treatment (part B) by immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis. Two co-primary efficacy endpoints were the change from baseline in the disease activity score evaluated in 28 joints (DAS28) and the change from baseline in the number of CD68 synovial sublining macrophages, both assessed on day 43 (part B). RESULTS ASK8007 was overall safe and well tolerated up to the highest studied dose (20 mg/kg). Quantifiable concentrations of ASK8007 were detected in synovial fluid. No differences were observed for changes from baseline in DAS28 and CD68 sublining macrophages between ASK8007 and placebo-treated patients. Within the ASK8007 treatment group, there were also no apparent clinical responses or changes in sublining macrophages. In addition, ASK8007 treatment did not change other assessed biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Osteopontin blockade is well tolerated and not related to safety concerns. These results consistently show that osteopontin blockade is unlikely to induce robust clinical improvement in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J H Boumans
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Thum A, Haag A, Rösler J, Jacobs H, Hermsen A, Huber M, Knake S, Rosenow F, Oertel WH, Hamer HM. Verbal declarative memory and language lateralization in patients with major depression: A functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) study. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1292552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Badal S, Williams S, Huang G, Francis S, Vendantam P, Dunbar O, Jacobs H, Tzeng T, Gangemi J, Delgoda R. Cytochrome P450 1 enzyme inhibition and anticancer potential of chromene amides from Amyris plumieri. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:230-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jacobs H, Bast A, Peters GJ, van der Vijgh WJF, Haenen GRMM. The semisynthetic flavonoid monoHER sensitises human soft tissue sarcoma cells to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis via inhibition of nuclear factor-κB. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:437-40. [PMID: 21245867 PMCID: PMC3049564 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite therapeutic advances, the prognosis of patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) remains extremely poor. The results of a recent clinical phase II study, evaluating the protective effects of the semisynthetic flavonoid 7-mono-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside (monoHER) on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, suggest that monoHER enhances the antitumour activity of doxorubicin in STSs. Methods: To molecularly explain this unexpected finding, we investigated the effect of monoHER on the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin, and the potential involvement of glutathione (GSH) depletion and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inactivation in the chemosensitising effect of monoHER. Results: MonoHER potentiated the antitumour activity of doxorubicin in the human liposarcoma cell line WLS-160. Moreover, the combination of monoHER with doxorubicin induced more apoptosis in WLS-160 cells compared with doxorubicin alone. MonoHER did not reduce intracellular GSH levels. On the other hand, monoHER pretreatment significantly reduced doxorubicin-induced NF-κB activation. Conclusion: These results suggest that reduction of doxorubicin-induced NF-κB activation by monoHER, which sensitises cancer cells to apoptosis, is involved in the chemosensitising effect of monoHER in human liposarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jacobs
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Meuris B, Van Meirhaeghe S, Jacobs H, Flameng W. Giant aortic aneurysm after 35 years' uneventful survival, without anticoagulation, with a Björk-Shiley aortic valve. J Heart Valve Dis 2010; 19:809-810. [PMID: 21214115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Hermsen A, Jacobs H, Rösler J, Haag A, Huber M, Thum A, Knake S, Rosenow F, Oertel W, Hamer H. Sprachdominanz und Verbalgedächtnis bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie – eine Studie mittels funktioneller transkranieller Dopplersonographie. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Haag A, Rösler J, Jacobs H, Hermsen A, Huber M, Thum A, Knake S, Rosenow F, Oertel W, Hamer H. Untersuchung der Sprachdominanz mittels funktioneller transkranieller Dopplersonographie (fTCD) bei Patienten mit rezidivierender depressiver Störung – Zusammenhang zum Verbalgedächtnis. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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van de Wiele T, Boon N, Possemiers S, Jacobs H, Verstraete W. Inulin-type fructans of longer degree of polymerization exert more pronounced in vitro prebiotic effects. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:452-60. [PMID: 17241351 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03084.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We assessed to what extent fructans of different degrees of polymerization (DP) differ in their prebiotic effectiveness towards in vitro microbial communities from the proximal and distal colon. METHODS AND RESULTS Two short chain fructans - oligofructose (DP 2-20) and inulin (DP 3-60) - were administered to the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) at 2.5 g day(-1). The influence of fructan addition towards fermentation activity and microbial community composition from the different SHIME colon compartments were evaluated. Both fructans exerted prebiotic effects with significantly higher butyrate and propionate production and stimulation of lactic acid-producing bacteria. Compared with oligofructose, it was noted that it took more time before significant effects from inulin addition were observed. Yet, the higher short-chain fatty acid production and lower proteolytic activity showed that the prebiotic effects from inulin were more pronounced than oligofructose. Also, the bifidogenic effects from inulin vs oligofructose were higher in the distal colon compartments and this effect was prolonged in the distal colon once the addition was stopped. CONCLUSIONS Inulin has more pronounced prebiotic effects than oligofructose towards both fermentation activity and bacterial community composition in the SHIME model. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Its slower fermentation rate and higher prebiotic potency makes inulin a more interesting compound than oligofructose to beneficially influence the microbial community from both the proximal and distal colon regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T van de Wiele
- Laboratory Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Hjortnaes J, Algra A, Olijhoek J, Huisman M, Jacobs H, van der Graaf Y, Visseren F. We-P13:338 Serum uric acid levels and risk for cardiovascular diseases in patients with and without the metabolic syndrome. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kasten M, Hagenah J, Hauenschild S, Jacobs H, Kabakci K, Pramstaller P, Vieregge P, Klein C. Fünf-Jahres-Nachuntersuchung von Parkinsonpatienten mit und ohne Parkin-Mutationen. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Seeram N, Francis L, Needham O, Jacobs H, McLean S, Reynolds W. Drimane and bisabolane sesquiterpenoids from Cinnamodendron corticosum (Canellaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-1978(02)00203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Haarmann F, Jacobs H, Kockelmann W, Senker J, Müller P, Kennedy CA, Marriott RA, Qiu L, White MA. Dynamics of anions and cations in cesium hydrogensulfide (CsHS, CsDS): Neutron and x-ray diffraction, calorimetry and proton NMR investigations. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1479141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Perrin S, Fougnies C, Grill JP, Jacobs H, Schneider F. Fermentation of chicory fructo-oligosaccharides in mixtures of different degrees of polymerization by three strains of bifidobacteria. Can J Microbiol 2002; 48:759-63. [PMID: 12381033 DOI: 10.1139/w02-065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We estimated and compared the action of three selected strains of bifidobacteria in a semi-synthetic medium for different degrees of polymerization of fructo-oligosaccharides contained in three commercial products derived from chicory inulin: Fibrulose F97 (shorter chains), Fibruline Instant (native chains), Fibruline LC (longer chains). Biomass and production of lactate and acetate were greater when the substrate contained mostly shorter chain fructo-oligosaccharides. Shorter chains were first to be consumed, and one strain could use longer chains. As the degree of polymerization increased, residual fructo-oligosaccharides increased after growth of the strains, and the rate of consumption of fructo-oligosaccharides decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Perrin
- Laboratoire de Biochimie des Bactéries Gram+, Université Henri Poincaré-Nancy I, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Haarmann F, Jacobs H, Senker J, Rössler E. Dynamics of anions and cations in hydrogensulfides of alkali metals (NaHS, KHS, RbHS): A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1483860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kann M, Hedrich K, Vieregge P, Jacobs H, Müller B, Kock N, Schwinger E, Klein C, Marder K, Harris J, Meija-Santana H, Bressman S, Ozelius LJ, Lang AE, Pramstaller PP. The parkin gene is not involved in late-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2002; 58:835; author reply 835. [PMID: 11889262 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.58.5.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Harding WW, Jacobs H, Lewis PA, McLean S, Reynolds WF. Cycloartanes, protolimonoids, a pregnane and a new ergostane from Trichilia reticulata. Nat Prod Lett 2002; 15:253-60. [PMID: 11833620 DOI: 10.1080/10575630108041289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The new ergostane steroid ergosta-5,24(24')-diene-3beta,4beta,22R-triol (1), a pregnane, (E)-volkendusin, characterised as the diacetate (3), cycloartanes 4-6 and protolimonoids 7-9 were obtained from the leaves and twigs of Trichilia reticulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Harding
- Chemistry Department, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
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Abstract
The metallic interstitial nitride Ni(3)N was prepared from Ni(NH(3))(6)Cl(2) and NaNH(2) in supercritical ammonia (p(NH(3)) approximately 2 kbar) at 523 K. Its previously reported crystal structure, as determined from X-ray powder data, was confirmed by neutron powder diffraction: Ni(3)N crystallizes in the hexagonal epsilon-Fe(3)N-type structure (P6(3)22, Z = 2, a = 4.6224 A and c = 4.3059 A at room temperature). The N atoms on the octahedral sites of an hcp arrangement of Ni show virtually complete occupational order at ambient temperatures, which is preserved up to its thermal decomposition at T approximately 600 K. This behavior is in marked contrast to that of the isotypic iron nitride, epsilon-Fe(3)N, which shows reversible partial disordering within the same range of temperatures. Possible reasons for the different behaviors of the two nitrides epsilon-Fe(3)N and Ni(3)N are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leineweber
- Lehrstuhl Anorganische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) were modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and the resulting conjugates were characterized. Monoclonal anti-GAD antibodies were purified from ATCC HB184 hybridoma cells by either cell culture supernatant or ascites fluid from BALB/c mice. Polyclonal rabbit IgG antibodies were also used as a model protein. Polyclonal rabbit IgG or purified anti-GAD was modified by PEG (MW = 5000 or 20000 Da) through either the lysine residues or through the carbohydrate moiety. Lysine modification was performed in PBS (pH 7.4) or 0.1 M borate (pH 9.2) by adding a molar excess (5-80) of a succinimidyl activated propionic acid terminated mPEG (SPA-PEG) while stirring at room temperature. Carbohydrate modifications were performed in PBS (pH 6.2) by first oxidizing the antibody with sodium periodate followed by incubation with hydrazide-terminated PEG followed by reduction with sodium cyanoborohydride. The degree of modification was assessed by 1H NMR or TNBS (trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid). Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were obtained for lysine-modified rabbit IgG at various degrees of modification ranging from 5 to 60 PEG per antibody. Binding was assessed using an ELISA method with GAD or rabbit anti-mouse-IgG (H+L) coated plates. The TNBS and 1H NMR analysis of the modified antibody showed reasonably similar results from 5 to 60 PEG per antibody. The 1H NMR method showed greater sensitivity at low modifications (below 20:1) and was fairly linear up to about 60 PEG per antibody. The CD spectra of the polyclonal rabbit IgG showed only small differences at variously modified antibody. The binding affinity of anti-GAD is lower for all PEG modifications with respect to unmodified anti-GAD. Modifications at pH 7.4 show lower binding to GAD than modifications at pH 9.2. Binding to GAD or anti-mouse-IgG is decreased as the degree of modification is increased. Lysine modifications showed lower binding to GAD or anti-mouse-IgG than carbohydrate modifications. Binding to GAD or anti-mouse-IgG is lower for PEG20000-modified anti-GAD with respect to PEG5000-modified anti-GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Larson
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East Room 201, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Jacobs H. I took a walk this afternoon. Posit Living 2001; 10:5, 31. [PMID: 11702761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND An inverse association between cigarette smoking and the risk of idiopathic PD has been found in many epidemiologic studies. The therapeutic and possible neuroprotective effects of nicotine formulations on parkinsonian symptoms are controversial. METHODS In a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the efficacy and tolerability of transdermal nicotine patches as an add-on treatment for cardinal symptoms were evaluated in 32 nonsmoking patients with PD. After a 1-week run-in phase, patients were randomized to receive nicotine patches (containing 17.5 mg nicotine in the first and 35.0 mg nicotine in the second and third weeks) or identically appearing placebo patches. After this treatment, 3 weeks without patch application followed. The same blinded examiner assessed the patients with the Columbia University Rating Scale, the Webster scale, the Schwab-England scale, a timed walking test, with an instrumental test for fine motor skills and hand tremor, and with the Hamilton Depression Scale. RESULTS No significant drug effects between both groups were observed in any of the scores and quantitative tests. Side effects were mild and comparable in frequency between both groups. CONCLUSIONS With the dosage and the period of treatment chosen, transdermal nicotine patches are not effective as an add-on treatment for symptoms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vieregge
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Lübeck, Germany
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Leineweber A, Jacobs H, Eßmann R, Allenspach P, Fauth F, Fischer P. Co(NH3)2Cl2 and Co(ND3)2Cl2: Order-Disorder Behaviour of N(H, D)3 and Antiferromagnetic Structure. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3749(200109)627:9<2063::aid-zaac2063>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jacobs H, Latza U, Vieregge A, Vieregge P. Attitudes of young patients with Parkinson's disease towards possible presymptomatic and prenatal genetic testing. Genet Couns 2001; 12:55-67. [PMID: 11332979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the opinions and attitudes of young patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) towards possible presymptomatic and prenatal genetic testing for their illness. BACKGROUND With progress in understanding of the genetic component in the etiology of PD, presymptomatic genetic testing may become available in subgroups of patients. METHODS During a survey on sociodemographic and risk factors 111 PD patients (mean age 45 years: mean age at PD onset 36 years) were given a questionnaire with six items about possible presymptomatic and prenatal genetic testing. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients (5196) had knowledge about presymptomatic and prenatal testing. Eighty patients (72%) would take a presymptomatic test, if they had an autosomal dominant form of PD and if the test were available. The most Important reasons given for taking the test were planning of partnership (40%) and family (48%). When being identified as a carrier of a presumed "Parkinson gene", 78 patients (70%) would decide not to have children. Sixty-three patients (57%) would choose to have prenatal testing. Attitudes were largely independent of sociodemographic and disease variables. CONCLUSIONS When addressed as hypothetical persons at genetic risk, young patients with PD support possible presymptomatic genetic testing and, to a lesser extent, prenatal testing. Attitudes and reasons to participate in such hypothetical testing do not grossly differ from those of at-risk persons in established single-gene autosomal dominant disorders of late onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jacobs
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lübeck, Germany
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Leung JC, Klein C, Friedman J, Vieregge P, Jacobs H, Doheny D, Kamm C, DeLeon D, Pramstaller PP, Penney JB, Eisengart M, Jankovic J, Gasser T, Bressman SB, Corey DP, Kramer P, Brin MF, Ozelius LJ, Breakefield XO. Novel mutation in the TOR1A (DYT1) gene in atypical early onset dystonia and polymorphisms in dystonia and early onset parkinsonism. Neurogenetics 2001; 3:133-43. [PMID: 11523564 DOI: 10.1007/s100480100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dystonia is a movement disorder involving sustained muscle contractions and abnormal posturing with a strong hereditary predisposition and without a distinct neuropathology. In this study the TOR1A (DYT1) gene was screened for mutations in cases of early onset dystonia and early onset parkinsonism (EOP), which frequently presents with dystonic symptoms. In a screen of 40 patients, we identified three variations, none of which occurred in EOP patients. Two infrequent intronic single base pair (bp) changes of unknown consequences were found in a dystonia patient and the mother of an EOP patient. An 18-bp deletion (Phe323_Tyr328del) in the TOR1A gene was found in a patient with early onset dystonia and myoclonic features. This deletion would remove 6 amino acids close to the carboxy terminus, including a putative phosphorylation site of torsinA. This 18-bp deletion is the first additional mutation, beyond the GAG-deletion (Glu302/303del), to be found in the TOR1A gene, and is associated with a distinct type of early onset dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Leung
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA
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Abstract
This study examined whether a rat model of surgically-induced endometriosis that reduces fertility also evokes vaginal hyperalgesia along with changes in vaginal compliance. In nine rats trained to escape vaginal distention, percent escape responses to different volumes of vaginal distention were measured for 2.5 months before and after endometriosis or sham surgery. Vaginal pressures were also measured simultaneously to provide an estimate of vaginal compliance. Endometriosis (or sham) was induced by autotransplantation of small pieces of uterus (or fat) on mesenteric cascade arteries, abdomen, and ovary. Escape responses were significantly increased only in rats whose autotransplants had formed cysts. Vaginal pressures, however, remained unchanged. This vaginal hyperalgesia may involve a process of viscero-visceral referred hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Berkley
- Program in Neuroscience, Copeland Street, Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA.
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