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Krishnamurthy SL, Sharma PC, Dewan D, Lokeshkumar BM, Rathor S, Warraich AS, Vinaykumar NM, Leung H, Singh RK. Genome wide association study of MAGIC population reveals a novel QTL for salinity and sodicity tolerance in rice. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2022; 28:819-835. [PMID: 35592486 PMCID: PMC9110595 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study was conducted to identify the novel QTLs controlling salinity and sodicity tolerance using indica MAGIC rice population. Phenotyping was carried out in salinity (EC ~ 10 dS/m) and sodicity (pH ~ 9.8) at the seedling stage. Among 391 lines, 43 and 98 lines were found tolerant and moderately tolerant to salinity. For sodicity condition, 2 and 45 lines were showed tolerance and moderately tolerance at seedling stage. MAGIC population was genotyped with the help of genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and filtered 27041SNPs were used for genome wide marker trait association studies. With respect to salinity tolerance, 25 SNPs were distributed on chromosomes 1, 5, 11 and 12, whereas 18 SNPs were mapped on chromosomes 6, 4 and 11 with LOD value of > 3.25 to sodicity tolerance in rice. The candidate gene analysis detected twelve causal genes including SKC1 gene at Saltol region for salinity and six associated genes for sodic stress tolerance. The significant haplotypes responsible for core histone protein coding gene (LOC_Os12g25120) and three uncharacterized protein coding genes (LOC_Os01g20710, LOC_Os01g20870 and LOC_Os12g22020) were identified under saline stress. Likewise, five significant haplotypes coding for ribose 5-phosphate isomerise (LOC_Os04g24140), aspartyl protease (LOC_Os06g15760), aluminum-activated malate transporter (LOC_Os06g15779), OsFBX421-Fbox domain containing protein (LOC_Os11g32940) and one uncharacterized protein (LOC_Os11g32930) were detected for sodic stress tolerance. The identified novel SNPs could be the potential candidates for functional characterization. These candidate genes aid to further understanding of genetic mechanism on salinity and sodicity stress tolerance in rice. The tolerant line could be used in future breeding programme to enhance the salinity and sodicity tolerance in rice. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01174-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. C. Sharma
- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - D. Dewan
- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | | | - Suman Rathor
- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | | | | | - Hei Leung
- Division of Genetics and Biotechnology, IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - R. K. Singh
- Division of Plant Breeding, IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines
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Wang Z, Zhou L, Lan Y, Li X, Wang J, Dong J, Guo W, Jing D, Liu Q, Zhang S, Liu Z, Shi W, Yang W, Yang T, Sun F, Du L, Fu H, Ma Y, Shao Y, Chen L, Li J, Li S, Fan Y, Wang Y, Leung H, Liu B, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Zhou T. An aspartic protease 47 causes quantitative recessive resistance to rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease and southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease. New Phytol 2022; 233:2520-2533. [PMID: 35015901 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease (RBSDVD) and southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease (SRBSDVD) are the most destructive viral diseases in rice. Progress is limited in breeding due to lack of resistance resource and inadequate knowledge on the underlying functional gene. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS), linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay analyses, RNA-sequencing, and genome editing, we identified a highly RBSDVD-resistant variety and its first functional gene. A highly RBSDVD-resistant variety W44 was identified through extensive evaluation of a diverse international rice panel. Seventeen quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified among which qRBSDV6-1 had the largest phenotypic effect. It was finely mapped to a 0.8-1.2 Mb region on chromosome 6, with 62 annotated genes. Analysis of the candidate genes underlying qRBSDV6-1 showed high expression of aspartic proteinase 47 (OsAP47) in a susceptible variety, W122, and a low resistance variety, W44. OsAP47 overexpressing lines exhibited significantly reduced resistance, while the knockout mutants exhibited significantly reduced SRBSDVD and RBSDVD severity. Furthermore, the resistant allele Hap1 of OsAP47 is almost exclusive to Indica, but rare in Japonica. Results suggest that OsAP47 knockout by editing is effective for improving RBSDVD and SRBSDVD resistance. This study provides genetic information for breeding resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Lan
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuejuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jingfang Dong
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Dedao Jing
- Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Ning-Zhen Hilly District, Jurong, 212400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tifeng Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Linlin Du
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hua Fu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yamei Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yudong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Luo Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jitong Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yongjian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines
| | - Bin Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junliang Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
- International Rice Research Institute and Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Joint Laboratory, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
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Carrillo MGC, Martin F, Variar M, Bhatt JC, L Perez-Quintero A, Leung H, Leach JE, Vera Cruz CM. Accumulating candidate genes for broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast in a drought-tolerant rice cultivar. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21502. [PMID: 34728643 PMCID: PMC8563964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotic stresses, including diseases, severely affect rice production, compromising producers’ ability to meet increasing global consumption. Understanding quantitative responses for resistance to diverse pathogens can guide development of reliable molecular markers, which, combined with advanced backcross populations, can accelerate the production of more resistant varieties. A candidate gene (CG) approach was used to accumulate different disease QTL from Moroberekan, a blast-resistant rice variety, into Vandana, a drought-tolerant variety. The advanced backcross progeny were evaluated for resistance to blast and tolerance to drought at five sites in India and the Philippines. Gene-based markers were designed to determine introgression of Moroberekan alleles for 11 CGs into the progeny. Six CGs, coding for chitinase, HSP90, oxalate oxidase, germin-like proteins, peroxidase and thaumatin-like protein, and 21 SSR markers were significantly associated with resistance to blast across screening sites. Multiple lines with different combinations, classes and numbers of CGs were associated with significant levels of race non-specific resistance to rice blast and sheath blight. Overall, the level of resistance effective in multiple locations was proportional to the number of CG alleles accumulated in advanced breeding lines. These disease resistant lines maintained tolerance to drought stress at the reproductive stage under blast disease pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gay C Carrillo
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Federico Martin
- Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA
| | - Mukund Variar
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, PO Box 48, Hazaribag, 825 301, India
| | - J C Bhatt
- ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Alvaro L Perez-Quintero
- Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jan E Leach
- Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA.
| | - Casiana M Vera Cruz
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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4
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Ereful NC, Laurena A, Liu LY, Kao SM, Tsai E, Greenland A, Powell W, Mackay I, Leung H. Author Correction: Unraveling regulatory divergence, heterotic malleability, and allelic imbalance switching in rice due to drought stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17364. [PMID: 34429494 PMCID: PMC8385105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96673-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nelzo C Ereful
- John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK. .,Philippine Genome Center for Agriculture/Plant Physiology Lab, Institute of Plant Breeding, University of the Philippine Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines. .,International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines.
| | - Antonio Laurena
- Philippine Genome Center for Agriculture, University of the Philippine Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City, 100, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Min Kao
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City, 100, Taiwan
| | - Eric Tsai
- Compass Bioinformatics, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Andy Greenland
- John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Wayne Powell
- SRUC, Peter Wilson Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Ian Mackay
- John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK.,SRUC, Peter Wilson Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
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5
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Chang RSK, Lui KHK, Ip W, Yeung E, Yung AWY, Leung H, Fung ELW, Fung BBH, Chan ELY, Poon TL, Wong HT, Siu D, Cheng K, Zhu CXL, Fong GCY, Chu J, Lui CHT, Yau M. Update to the Hong Kong Epilepsy Guideline: evidence-based recommendations for clinical management of women with epilepsy throughout the reproductive cycle. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 26:421-431. [PMID: 33089787 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj198367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R S K Chang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K H K Lui
- Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W Ip
- Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - H Leung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E L W Fung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - E L Y Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T L Poon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - H T Wong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D Siu
- Department of Radiology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C X L Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - J Chu
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C H T Lui
- Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M Yau
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
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6
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Misra G, Badoni S, Parween S, Singh RK, Leung H, Ladejobi O, Mott R, Sreenivasulu N. Genome-wide association coupled gene to gene interaction studies unveil novel epistatic targets among major effect loci impacting rice grain chalkiness. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:910-925. [PMID: 33220119 PMCID: PMC8131057 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice varieties whose quality is graded as excellent have a lower percent grain chalkiness (PGC) of two per cent and below with higher whole grain yields upon milling, leading to higher economic returns for farmers. We have conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a combined population panel of indica and japonica rice varieties, and identified a total of 746 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were strongly associated with the chalk phenotype, covered 78 Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) regions. Among them, 21 were high-value QTLs, as they explained at least 10 % of the phenotypic variance for PGC. A combined epistasis and GWAS was applied to dissect the genetics of the complex chalkiness trait, and its regulatory cascades were validated using gene regulatory networks. Promising novel epistatic interactions were found between the loci of chromosomes 6 (PGC6.1) and 7 (PGC7.8) that contributed to lower PGC. Based on haplotype mining only a few modern rice varieties confounded with a lower chalkiness, and they possess several PGC QTLs. The importance of PGC6.1 was validated through multi-parent advanced generation intercrosses and several low-chalk lines possessing superior haplotypes were identified. The results of this investigation have deciphered the underlying genetic networks that can reduce PGC to 2%, and will thus support future breeding programs to improve the grain quality of elite genetic material with high-yielding potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Misra
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
| | - Saurabh Badoni
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
| | - Sabiha Parween
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
- Present address:
International Center for Biosaline AgricultureAcademic CityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research InstituteLos BañosPhilippines
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Huerta AI, Delorean EE, Bossa‐Castro AM, Tonnessen BW, Raghavan C, Corral R, Pérez‐Quintero ÁL, Leung H, Verdier V, Leach JE. Resistance and susceptibility QTL identified in a rice MAGIC population by screening with a minor-effect virulence factor from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:51-63. [PMID: 32594636 PMCID: PMC7769240 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective and durable disease resistance for bacterial blight (BB) of rice is a continuous challenge due to the evolution and adaptation of the pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), on cultivated rice varieties. Fundamental to this pathogens' virulence is transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors that activate transcription of host genes and contribute differently to pathogen virulence, fitness or both. Host plant resistance is predicted to be more durable if directed at strategic virulence factors that impact both pathogen virulence and fitness. We characterized Tal7b, a minor-effect virulence factor that contributes incrementally to pathogen virulence in rice, is a fitness factor to the pathogen and is widely present in geographically diverse strains of Xoo. To identify sources of resistance to this conserved effector, we used a highly virulent strain carrying a plasmid borne copy of Tal7b to screen an indica multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population. Of 18 QTL revealed by genome-wide association studies and interval mapping analysis, six were specific to Tal7b (qBB-tal7b). Overall, 150 predicted Tal7b gene targets overlapped with qBB-tal7b QTL. Of these, 21 showed polymorphisms in the predicted effector binding element (EBE) site and 23 lost the EBE sequence altogether. Inoculation and bioinformatics studies suggest that the Tal7b target in one of the Tal7b-specific QTL, qBB-tal7b-8, is a disease susceptibility gene and that the resistance mechanism for this locus may be through loss of susceptibility. Our work demonstrates that minor-effect virulence factors significantly contribute to disease and provide a potential new approach to identify effective disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra I. Huerta
- Department of Agricultural BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Emily E. Delorean
- Department of Agricultural BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKS66506USA
| | - Ana M. Bossa‐Castro
- Department of Agricultural BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Bradley W. Tonnessen
- Department of Agricultural BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
- Present address:
Extension Plant SciencesNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM88003USA
| | - Chitra Raghavan
- Division Genetics and BiotechnologyInternational Rice Research InstituteManilaPhilippines
- Present address:
Queensland Department of Agriculture and FisheriesHorticulture and Forestry SciencesCairnsQLD4870Australia
| | - Rene Corral
- Department of Agricultural BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | | | - Hei Leung
- Division Genetics and BiotechnologyInternational Rice Research InstituteManilaPhilippines
| | | | - Jan E. Leach
- Department of Agricultural BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
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Lu Z, Thanabalan A, Leung H, Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki R, Patterson R, Kiarie EG. The effects of feeding yeast bioactives to broiler breeders and/or their offspring on growth performance, gut development, and immune function in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6411-6421. [PMID: 31504867 PMCID: PMC6870552 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast bioactives (YB) may stimulate broiler breeders (BB) to increase deposition of immunoglobulins (Ig) in eggs. We investigated the effects of feeding YB (mixture of derivatives from whole yeast subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis) to BB and/or their offspring on growth performance, gut development, and immune function in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria. The BB (Ross 708 ♀ and Ross ♂) were assigned to 2 groups (60 ♀ and 10 ♂) and fed basal or basal diet supplemented with 500 g of YB/Mt. A total of 250 fertile eggs per treatment were collected, incubated, hatched, and sexed. Additional egg samples were analyzed for IgA and IgY contents. A total of 160 broiler chicks (80 ♀ and 80 ♂) from each breeder experimental group were placed in cages based on sex and BW resulting in 32 cages for each BB treatment group. Cages (16 per BB treatment group) were allocated to basal broiler chick diet or basal diet supplemented with 500 g of YB/Mt. On day 9, half of each BB by broiler chick dietary treatments was challenged with 1 mL of Eimeria culture (100,000 oocysts of Eimeria acervulina and 25,000 oocysts of Eimeria maxima). On day 14, all birds were necropsied for intestinal lesion scores and samples. Feeding YB to BB increased (P < 0.05) IgA concentration in egg yolk. Eimeria challenge decreased (P < 0.05) pancreas weight, jejunal villus height (VH), and growth performance but increased spleen weight, intestinal mass and jejunal mucosa IgA concentration. Independent of Eimeria challenge, feeding YB to BB and/or to chicks resulted in higher (P < 0.001) jejunal VH compared with feeding it to BB only or not at all. In conclusion, Eimeria challenge reduced growth performance and had negative effects on indices of intestinal function and health. Feeding YB to BB increased deposition of IgA in hatching eggs and improved jejunal VH independent of Eimeria challenge when fed to BB and/or to broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Lu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Cananda
| | - A Thanabalan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Cananda
| | - H Leung
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Cananda
| | | | - R Patterson
- Department of Technical Services & Innovation, Canadian Bio-Systems Inc., Calgary, Alberta T2C 0J7, Canada
| | - E G Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Cananda
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Zhou Y, Chebotarov D, Kudrna D, Llaca V, Lee S, Rajasekar S, Mohammed N, Al-Bader N, Sobel-Sorenson C, Parakkal P, Arbelaez LJ, Franco N, Alexandrov N, Hamilton NRS, Leung H, Mauleon R, Lorieux M, Zuccolo A, McNally K, Zhang J, Wing RA. A platinum standard pan-genome resource that represents the population structure of Asian rice. Sci Data 2020; 7:113. [PMID: 32265447 PMCID: PMC7138821 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As the human population grows from 7.8 billion to 10 billion over the next 30 years, breeders must do everything possible to create crops that are highly productive and nutritious, while simultaneously having less of an environmental footprint. Rice will play a critical role in meeting this demand and thus, knowledge of the full repertoire of genetic diversity that exists in germplasm banks across the globe is required. To meet this demand, we describe the generation, validation and preliminary analyses of transposable element and long-range structural variation content of 12 near-gap-free reference genome sequences (RefSeqs) from representatives of 12 of 15 subpopulations of cultivated Asian rice. When combined with 4 existing RefSeqs, that represent the 3 remaining rice subpopulations and the largest admixed population, this collection of 16 Platinum Standard RefSeqs (PSRefSeq) can be used as a template to map resequencing data to detect virtually all standing natural variation that exists in the pan-genome of cultivated Asian rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmytro Chebotarov
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Strategic Innovation, Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Dave Kudrna
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Victor Llaca
- Genomics Technologies, Applied Science and Technology, Corteva AgriscienceTM, Iowa, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Seunghee Lee
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Shanmugam Rajasekar
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Nahed Mohammed
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Al-Bader
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandler Sobel-Sorenson
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Praveena Parakkal
- Genomics Technologies, Applied Science and Technology, Corteva AgriscienceTM, Iowa, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Lady Johanna Arbelaez
- Rice Genetics and Genomics Lab, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Natalia Franco
- Rice Genetics and Genomics Lab, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Nickolai Alexandrov
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Strategic Innovation, Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | | | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Strategic Innovation, Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Strategic Innovation, Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Mathias Lorieux
- Rice Genetics and Genomics Lab, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
- University of Montpellier, DIADE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrea Zuccolo
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Kenneth McNally
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Strategic Innovation, Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA.
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Rod A Wing
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Strategic Innovation, Los Baños, 4031, Laguna, Philippines.
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA.
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10
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Leung H, Patterson R, Barta JR, Karrow N, Kiarie E. Nucleotide-rich yeast extract fed to broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria: impact on growth performance, jejunal histomorphology, immune system, and apparent retention of dietary components and caloric efficiency1. Poult Sci 2019; 98:4375-4383. [PMID: 31329966 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-rich yeast extract (YN) was investigated for its effects on growth performance, jejunal histomorphology and mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA), immune organs weight and apparent retention (AR) of components in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria. A total of 336 day-old male chicks (Ross x Ross 708) were placed in floor pens and provided a corn-soybean meal-based diet without or with YN (500 g/mt) (n = 14). On day 10, 7 replicates per diet were orally administered with 1 mL of sporulated E. acervulina and E. maxima oocysts and the rest (non-challenged control) administered equivalent distilled water creating a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement for the post-challenge period (day 11 to 35). Feed intake (FI), BWG, and FCR responses were measured in pre- and post-challenge periods. Excreta samples were collected on day 14 to 17 and 31 to 34 for oocyst count and AR of components, respectively. On day 15 and 35, 5 birds/pen were necropsied for intestinal samples. Spleen, bursa, and thymus weights were also recorded at both time points and breast yield on day 35. Diet had no effect (P > 0.05) on pre-challenge growth performance. Interaction (P = 0.046) between Eimeria and YN on FI was such that Eimeria challenge increased FI (day 11 to 35) in non-YN birds. There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between Eimeria and YN on other post-challenge responses. Eimeria reduced (P < 0.05) BWG, FCR, caloric efficiency, day 15 jejunal villi height and IgA concentration, and increased (P < 0.01) day 15 spleen weight. On day 35, YN increased bursa weight (1.57 vs. 1.78 mg/g BW, P = 0.04). There was a tendency for an interaction effect (P = 0.09) on day 35 thymus weight, such that in challenged birds, YN fed birds tended to have a lighter thymus relative to non-YN fed birds. In conclusions, independent of Eimeria challenge, supplemental YN had no effect on growth performance, caloric efficiency, and intestinal function but increased immune organ weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Leung
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Patterson
- Canadian Bio-Systems Inc., Calgary, AL T2C 0J7, Canada
| | - J R Barta
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - N Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - E Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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11
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Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki R, Lu Z, Thanabalan A, Leung H, Mohammadigheisar M, Kiarie E. Eimeria challenge adversely affected long bone attributes linked to increased resorption in 14-day-old broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1615-1621. [PMID: 30544238 PMCID: PMC6414031 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited information on the effects of enteric pathogen on bone quality in rapidly growing broiler chicks. We examined tibia and femur attributes (length, diameter, relative weight of ash content [AC] to the BW, ash concentration [AP]) and serum bone-turnover markers including receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) for resorption, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for mineralization, and selected serum metabolites in 14-day-old broilers challenged with Eimeria. A total of 160 (80 males and 80 females) 1-day-old Ross × Ross 708 chicks were used. Based on BW, birds were placed within sex in cages (5 birds per cage) and fed chick starter diets to day 9 of age. On day 9, half of the cages were orally gavaged with 1 mL of Eimeria culture (100,000 oocysts of E. acervulina and 25,000 oocysts of E. maxima) and the other half (unchallenged control) received 1 mL 0.9% saline in distilled water. On day 14, 2 birds were randomly selected and necropsied for intestinal lesion score, blood, tibia, and femur samples. Data were analyzed in a 2 (challenged vs. unchallenged) × 2 (males vs. females) factorial arrangement. There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between Eimeria and sex on any measurement. Whereas there were no intestinal lesions in unchallenged birds, Eimeria resulted in lesion score (0 to 4) of 3.35, 2.59 and 0.11 in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, respectively. Eimeria challenge decreased (P < 0.05) tibia AC and AP by 10 and 8.2%, respectively but had no (P > 0.10) effect on femur attributes. Generally, males showed (P < 0.05) longer and wider bones with more AC compared with the female. Circulating serum RANKL concentration increased (P = 0.017) in response to Eimeria challenge and was negatively correlated with tibia AC (-0.731; P = 0.021). Our findings showed that Eimeria damage to the intestinal physiology had adverse effects on long bone attributes linked to increased resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Z Lu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - A Thanabalan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - H Leung
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - M Mohammadigheisar
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - E Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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12
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Leung H, Yitbarek A, Snyder R, Patterson R, Barta JR, Karrow N, Kiarie E. Responses of broiler chickens to Eimeria challenge when fed a nucleotide-rich yeast extract. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1622-1633. [PMID: 30481335 PMCID: PMC6414034 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-rich yeast extract (YN) was investigated for effects on growth performance, jejunal physiology, and cecal microbial activity in Eimeria-challenged broiler chickens. A total of 360-day-old male chicks (Ross × Ross 708) were placed on floor pens and provided a corn-soybean meal-based diet without or with YN (500 g/MT; n = 12). On d 10, 6 replicates per diet were orally administered with 1 mL of E. acervulina and E. maxima sporulated oocysts and the rest (non-challenged control) were administered with 1 mL of distilled water. On d 15, 5 birds/pen were then necropsied for intestinal lesion scores, histomorphology and cecal digesta pH, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial community using Illumina Miseq platform. Supplemental YN improved (P = 0.01) Feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the prechallenge phase (d 0 to 10). In the postchallenge period (d 11 to 15), Eimeria depressed (P < 0.05) Body weight gain (BWG) relative to non-challenged birds, whereas YN-fed birds had a higher (P = 0.05) BWG compared to that of non-YN-fed birds. There was an interaction between YN and Eimeria on jejunal villi height (VH) (P = 0.001) and expression of cationic amino acid transporter 1(CAT1) (P = 0.04). Specifically, in the absence of Eimeria, YN-fed birds had a shorter VH (892 vs. 1,020 μm) relative to that of control but longer VH (533 vs. 447 μm) in the presence of Eimeria. With respect to CAT1, YN-fed birds had a higher (1.65 vs. 0.78) expression when subjected to Eimeria than when not challenged. Independently, Eimeria decreased (P < 0.01) the jejunal expression of maltase, Na glucose transporter 1 and occludin genes, ceca digesta abundance of genus Clostridium cluster XlVa and Oscillibacter but increased (P < 0.01) jejunal proliferating cell nuclear antigen and interleukin 10. Interaction between YN and Eimeria was observed for ceca digesta pH (P = 0.04) and total SCFA (P = 0.01) such that YN increased SCFA in the absence of Eimeria but reduced SCFA and increased pH in the presence of Eimeria. In summary, Eimeria impaired performance and gut function and shifted gut microbiome; YN improved performance independently, attenuated Eimeria damage on indices of gut function, and modulated cecal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Leung
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - A Yitbarek
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Snyder
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Patterson
- Canadian Bio-Systems Inc., Calgary, AL T2C 0J7, Canada
| | - J R Barta
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - N Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - E Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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13
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He W, Leung T, Leung H, Wong L. Intermittent theta burst stimulation plus external counterpulsation for upper limb motor recovery after ischemic stroke. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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14
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Descalsota GIL, Swamy BPM, Zaw H, Inabangan-Asilo MA, Amparado A, Mauleon R, Chadha-Mohanty P, Arocena EC, Raghavan C, Leung H, Hernandez JE, Lalusin AB, Mendioro MS, Diaz MGQ, Reinke R. Genome-Wide Association Mapping in a Rice MAGIC Plus Population Detects QTLs and Genes Useful for Biofortification. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1347. [PMID: 30294335 PMCID: PMC6158342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of rice genotypes with micronutrient-dense grains and disease resistance is one of the major priorities in rice improvement programs. We conducted Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a Multi-parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) Plus population to identify QTLs and SNP markers that could potentially be integrated in biofortification and disease resistance breeding. We evaluated 144 MAGIC Plus lines for agronomic and biofortification traits over two locations for two seasons, while disease resistance was screened for one season in the screen house. X-ray fluorescence technology was used to measure grain Fe and Zn concentrations. Genotyping was carried out by genotype by sequencing and a total of 14,242 SNP markers were used in the association analysis. We used Mixed linear model (MLM) with kinship and detected 57 significant genomic regions with a -log10 (P-value) ≥ 3.0. The PH 1.1 and Zn 7.1 were consistently identified in all the four environments, ten QTLs qDF 3.1, qDF 6.2 qDF 9.1 qPH 5.1 qGL 3.1, qGW 3.1, qGW 11.1, and qZn 6.2 were detected in two environments, while two major loci qBLB 11.1 and qBLB 5.1 were identified for Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) resistance. The associated SNP markers were found to co-locate with known major genes and QTLs such as OsMADS50 for days to flowering, osGA20ox2 for plant height, and GS3 for grain length. Similarly, Xa4 and xa5 genes were identified for BLB resistance and Pi5(t), Pi28(t), and Pi30(t) genes were identified for Blast resistance. A number of metal homeostasis genes OsMTP6, OsNAS3, OsMT2D, OsVIT1, and OsNRAMP7 were co-located with QTLs for Fe and Zn. The marker-trait relationships from Bayesian network analysis showed consistency with the results of GWAS. A number of promising candidate genes reported in our study can be further validated. We identified several QTLs/genes pyramided lines with high grain Zn and acceptable yield potential, which are a good resource for further evaluation to release as varieties as well as for use in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen Iris L. Descalsota
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
- University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Philippines
| | | | - Hein Zaw
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Amery Amparado
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Emily C. Arocena
- Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Muñoz, Philippines
| | - Chitra Raghavan
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Hei Leung
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | | | | | - Russell Reinke
- Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
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15
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Grist E, Parry M, Mendes L, Santos Vidal S, Kudahetti S, Gilson C, Anjum M, Atako N, Ingleby F, James N, Clarke N, Sydes M, Parmar M, Chowdhury S, Jones R, Leung H, Eeles R, Waugh D, Berney D, Attard G. Implementing molecular characterisation of prostate cancer tissue from patients recruited to the multi-centre STAMPEDE trial: The STRATOSPHERE consortium. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy318.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Redgrave J, Day D, Leung H, Laud PJ, Ali A, Lindert R, Majid A. Safety and tolerability of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve stimulation in humans; a systematic review. Brain Stimul 2018; 11:1225-1238. [PMID: 30217648 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve stimulation (tVNS) may be an alternative to surgically implanted VNS for epilepsy and other diseases. However, its safety and tolerability profile is unclear. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review of treatment harms from tVNS in humans. METHODS A systematic published and grey literature search was carried out to identify studies which deployed tVNS in human subjects. Study authors were contacted for safety/tolerability data if these were not available in the publication. Databases were searched from 1966 to May 2017. We noted study type, population, stimulation parameters, type and prevalence of side effects and/or serious adverse events (SAE). We also noted whether side effects/SAE were considered to be related to the tVNS and the proportion of participants dropping out of studies due to side effects. RESULTS 51 studies were included comprising a total of 1322 human subjects receiving tVNS. The most common side effects were: local skin irritation from electrode placement (240 participants, 18.2%), headache (47, 3.6%) and nasopharyngitis (23, 1.7%). Whilst heterogeneity in overall side effect event rates between studies was not accounted for by the frequency (Hz) or pulse width (ms) of stimulation, a minority (35 participants (2.6%)) dropped out of studies due to side effects. Overall, 30 SAE occurred but only 3 were assessed by the relevant researchers to be possibly caused by tVNS. CONCLUSION tVNS is safe and well tolerated at the doses tested in research studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Redgrave
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | - D Day
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - H Leung
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - P J Laud
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - A Ali
- Department of Geriatrics and Stroke, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - R Lindert
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - A Majid
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, UK
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17
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Wang W, Mauleon R, Hu Z, Chebotarov D, Tai S, Wu Z, Li M, Zheng T, Fuentes RR, Zhang F, Mansueto L, Copetti D, Sanciangco M, Palis KC, Xu J, Sun C, Fu B, Zhang H, Gao Y, Zhao X, Shen F, Cui X, Yu H, Li Z, Chen M, Detras J, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Kudrna D, Wang C, Li R, Jia B, Lu J, He X, Dong Z, Xu J, Li Y, Wang M, Shi J, Li J, Zhang D, Lee S, Hu W, Poliakov A, Dubchak I, Ulat VJ, Borja FN, Mendoza JR, Ali J, Li J, Gao Q, Niu Y, Yue Z, Naredo MEB, Talag J, Wang X, Li J, Fang X, Yin Y, Glaszmann JC, Zhang J, Li J, Hamilton RS, Wing RA, Ruan J, Zhang G, Wei C, Alexandrov N, McNally KL, Li Z, Leung H. Genomic variation in 3,010 diverse accessions of Asian cultivated rice. Nature 2018. [PMID: 29695866 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0063-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we analyse genetic variation, population structure and diversity among 3,010 diverse Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) genomes from the 3,000 Rice Genomes Project. Our results are consistent with the five major groups previously recognized, but also suggest several unreported subpopulations that correlate with geographic location. We identified 29 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, 2.4 million small indels and over 90,000 structural variations that contribute to within- and between-population variation. Using pan-genome analyses, we identified more than 10,000 novel full-length protein-coding genes and a high number of presence-absence variations. The complex patterns of introgression observed in domestication genes are consistent with multiple independent rice domestication events. The public availability of data from the 3,000 Rice Genomes Project provides a resource for rice genomics research and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Zhichao Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Li
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianqing Zheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Dario Copetti
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yongming Gao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shen
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zichao Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaolin Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeffrey Detras
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yongli Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dave Kudrna
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Chunchao Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben Jia
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyuan Lu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianchang He
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaotong Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabao Xu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Wang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Seunghee Lee
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wushu Hu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Inna Dubchak
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - John Robert Mendoza
- Advanced Science and Technology Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jauhar Ali
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Zhen Yue
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jayson Talag
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jinjie Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ye Yin
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jianwei Zhang
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jiayang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rod A Wing
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Jue Ruan
- Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Gengyun Zhang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chaochun Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | | | | | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
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18
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Wang W, Mauleon R, Hu Z, Chebotarov D, Tai S, Wu Z, Li M, Zheng T, Fuentes RR, Zhang F, Mansueto L, Copetti D, Sanciangco M, Palis KC, Xu J, Sun C, Fu B, Zhang H, Gao Y, Zhao X, Shen F, Cui X, Yu H, Li Z, Chen M, Detras J, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Kudrna D, Wang C, Li R, Jia B, Lu J, He X, Dong Z, Xu J, Li Y, Wang M, Shi J, Li J, Zhang D, Lee S, Hu W, Poliakov A, Dubchak I, Ulat VJ, Borja FN, Mendoza JR, Ali J, Li J, Gao Q, Niu Y, Yue Z, Naredo MEB, Talag J, Wang X, Li J, Fang X, Yin Y, Glaszmann JC, Zhang J, Li J, Hamilton RS, Wing RA, Ruan J, Zhang G, Wei C, Alexandrov N, McNally KL, Li Z, Leung H. Genomic variation in 3,010 diverse accessions of Asian cultivated rice. Nature 2018; 557:43-49. [PMID: 29695866 PMCID: PMC6784863 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 753] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Here we analyse genetic variation, population structure and diversity among 3,010 diverse Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) genomes from the 3,000 Rice Genomes Project. Our results are consistent with the five major groups previously recognized, but also suggest several unreported subpopulations that correlate with geographic location. We identified 29 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, 2.4 million small indels and over 90,000 structural variations that contribute to within- and between-population variation. Using pan-genome analyses, we identified more than 10,000 novel full-length protein-coding genes and a high number of presence–absence variations. The complex patterns of introgression observed in domestication genes are consistent with multiple independent rice domestication events. The public availability of data from the 3,000 Rice Genomes Project provides a resource for rice genomics research and breeding. Analyses of genetic variation and population structure based on over 3,000 cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) genomes reveal subpopulations that correlate with geographic location and patterns of introgression consistent with multiple rice domestication events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Zhichao Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Li
- Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianqing Zheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Dario Copetti
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.,Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yongming Gao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shen
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zichao Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaolin Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeffrey Detras
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yongli Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dave Kudrna
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Chunchao Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben Jia
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyuan Lu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianchang He
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaotong Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabao Xu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Wang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Seunghee Lee
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wushu Hu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Inna Dubchak
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - John Robert Mendoza
- Advanced Science and Technology Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jauhar Ali
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Zhen Yue
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jayson Talag
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jinjie Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ye Yin
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jianwei Zhang
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jiayang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rod A Wing
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines. .,Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Jue Ruan
- Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Gengyun Zhang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. .,Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chaochun Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | | | | | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Shenzhen Institute for Innovative Breeding, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
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19
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Tsai JJ, Wu T, Leung H, Desudchit T, Tiamkao S, Lim KS, Dash A. Perampanel, an AMPA receptor antagonist: From clinical research to practice in clinical settings. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:378-391. [PMID: 29214650 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epileptic seizures are refractory to treatment in approximately one-third of patients despite the recent introduction of many newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Development of novel AEDs therefore remains a high priority. Perampanel is a first-in-class non-competitive selective AMPA receptor antagonist with a unique mechanism of action. Clinical efficacy and safety of perampanel as adjunctive treatment for focal seizures with/without secondary generalization (±SG) and primary generalized tonic-clonic (PGTC) seizures have been established in five phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and a long-term extension study, and perampanel is approved as monotherapy for focal seizures ±SG in the USA. In patients with focal seizures ±SG, add-on perampanel resulted in median percent reduction in seizure frequency 23.3%-34.5% and ≥50% responder rate 28.5%-37.6%; in PGTC seizures, these results were 76.5% and 64.2%, respectively. Efficacy among adolescents (reduction in seizure frequency 34.8%-35.6%; ≥50% responder rate 40.9%-45.0%) and elderly people (reduction in seizure frequency 12.5%-16.9%; ≥50% responder rate 22.2%-42.9%) is similar to those in adults, and results remain comparable between Asian (reduction in seizure frequency 17.3%-38.0%) and global populations. Perampanel has been extensively studied in real-world clinical practice, with similar efficacy and safety results to the RCTs (≥50% responder rate 12.8%-75.0%; adverse events of somnolence/sedation, dizziness, ataxia, and behavioral changes). Real-world observational studies suggest that perampanel tolerability can be improved by slow titration (2 mg every 2-4 weeks), and bedtime administration can mitigate somnolence and dizziness. Counseling about the potential for behavioral changes and close monitoring are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.-J. Tsai
- Department of Neurology; National Cheng Kung University Hospital and School of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - T. Wu
- Department of Neurology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan City Taiwan
| | - H. Leung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics; Faculty of Medicine; Prince of Wales Hospital; Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - T. Desudchit
- Department of Paediatrics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; Bangkok Thailand
| | - S. Tiamkao
- Integrated Epilepsy Research Group; Department of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - K.-S. Lim
- Division of Neurology; Department of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - A. Dash
- Eisai Singapore Pte. Ltd.; Singapore
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20
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Leung H, Arrazola A, Torrey S, Kiarie E. Utilization of soy hulls, oat hulls, and flax meal fiber in adult broiler breeder hens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1368-1372. [PMID: 29325165 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 72, 65-week-old broiler breeder hens (Ross 308, BW 4,190 ± 45 g) was placed in individual cages to investigate utilization of fiber in soy hulls (SH), oat hulls (OH), and flax meal (FM). Birds were adapted to cages for 10 d prior to allocation (n = 18) to broiler breeder ration (control) or control mixed with either of the 3 fiber sources (wt/wt) added to supply equal amounts of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ∼21% and TiO2. The daily feed allocation was based on 4% BW. Feed intake (FI) was monitored daily, and grab excreta samples were taken on d 16 and 17. On d 18, all birds were weighed and killed 2 h post feeding to measure ceca digesta pH and short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Relative to the control birds, birds receiving fiber lost (P < 0.05) BW due to decreased (P < 0.05) FI. The BW changes were respectively +80, -174, -133, and -585 g/bird for control, SH, OH, and FM, and corresponding FI was 1,062, 918, 885, and 590 g/bird. Birds fed FM retained higher (P < 0.05) NDF than birds fed either SH or OH. The ceca digesta pH was lower (P < 0.05) in birds receiving added fiber relative to control. However, ceca digesta pH of FM fed birds was lower (P < 0.05) than in birds fed either SH or OH, which were in turn similar (P > 0.05). Birds fed FM had higher (P < 0.05) concentration of butyric acid than birds fed the control diets, while birds fed SH and OH had intermediate butyric acid concentration. Acetic acid and total SCFA concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in birds fed OH diet than in birds fed control but was similar (P > 0.05) to that in birds fed either SH or FM. In conclusion, short term feeding of fibrous feed ingredients reduced BW linked to reduced FI. Fiber sources exhibited differences in utilization reflective of chemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Arrazola
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - S Torrey
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
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21
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Lee KH, Cavanaugh L, Leung H, Yan F, Ahmadi Z, Chong BH, Passam F. Quantification of NETs-associated markers by flow cytometry and serum assays in patients with thrombosis and sepsis. Int J Lab Hematol 2018. [PMID: 29520957 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular fibres produced from neutrophil DNA with a pathogenic role in infection, thrombosis and other conditions. Reliable assays for measuring NETs are desirable as novel treatments targeting NETs are being explored for the treatment of these conditions. We compare a whole blood flow cytometry method with serum assays to measure NETs-associated markers in patients with sepsis and thrombosis. METHODS Patients with deep venous thrombosis (n = 25), sepsis (n = 21) and healthy controls (n = 23) were included in the study. Neutrophil surface NETs markers were determined by flow cytometry on whole blood samples by gating of neutrophils stained for surface citrullinated histone (H3cit) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Serum double-stranded (ds) DNA, MPO, myeloid-related protein, nucleosomes, DNAse, elastase, human high-mobility group box 1 and MPO-DNA complexes were quantified as circulating markers of NETs. RESULTS Neutrophil NETs markers by flow cytometry and serum NETs markers were significantly higher in patients with thrombosis and sepsis compared with healthy controls. Neutrophil NETs markers significantly correlated with the serum marker dsDNA. CONCLUSION Flow cytometry detection of neutrophil NETs markers is feasible in whole blood and correlates with serum markers of NETs. We propose the flow cytometry detection of MPO/H3cit positive neutrophils and serum dsDNA as simple methods to quantify cellular and extracellular NET markers in patients with thrombosis and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Haematology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - L Cavanaugh
- Department of Haematology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - H Leung
- Department of Medicine, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - F Yan
- Department of Medicine, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Z Ahmadi
- Department of Medicine, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - B H Chong
- Department of Haematology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - F Passam
- Department of Haematology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
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22
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Bossa‐Castro AM, Tekete C, Raghavan C, Delorean EE, Dereeper A, Dagno K, Koita O, Mosquera G, Leung H, Verdier V, Leach JE. Allelic variation for broad-spectrum resistance and susceptibility to bacterial pathogens identified in a rice MAGIC population. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:1559-1568. [PMID: 29406604 PMCID: PMC6097120 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) that confer broad-spectrum resistance (BSR), or resistance that is effective against multiple and diverse plant pathogens, have been elusive targets of crop breeding programmes. Multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations, with their diverse genetic composition and high levels of recombination, are potential resources for the identification of QTL for BSR. In this study, a rice MAGIC population was used to map QTL conferring BSR to two major rice diseases, bacterial leaf streak (BLS) and bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars (pv.) oryzicola (Xoc) and oryzae (Xoo), respectively. Controlling these diseases is particularly important in sub-Saharan Africa, where no sources of BSR are currently available in deployed varieties. The MAGIC founders and lines were genotyped by sequencing and phenotyped in the greenhouse and field by inoculation with multiple strains of Xoc and Xoo. A combination of genomewide association studies (GWAS) and interval mapping analyses revealed 11 BSR QTL, effective against both diseases, and three pathovar-specific QTL. The most promising BSR QTL (qXO-2-1, qXO-4-1 and qXO-11-2) conferred resistance to more than nine Xoc and Xoo strains. GWAS detected 369 significant SNP markers with distinguishable phenotypic effects, allowing the identification of alleles conferring disease resistance and susceptibility. The BSR and susceptibility QTL will improve our understanding of the mechanisms of both resistance and susceptibility in the long term and will be immediately useful resources for rice breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Bossa‐Castro
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest ManagementColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Cheick Tekete
- IRDCiradIPMEUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Faculté des Sciences et TechniquesLBMAUniversité des Sciences Techniques et TechnologiquesBamakoMali
| | - Chitra Raghavan
- Division of Plant Breeding, Genetics and BiotechnologyInternational Rice Research InstituteManilaPhilippines
- Present address:
Horticulture and Forestry SciencesQueensland Department of Agriculture and FisheriesCairnsQLDAustralia
| | - Emily E. Delorean
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest ManagementColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA
| | | | - Karim Dagno
- Plant ProtectionInstitute of Rural EconomySotubaMali
| | - Ousmane Koita
- Faculté des Sciences et TechniquesLBMAUniversité des Sciences Techniques et TechnologiquesBamakoMali
| | | | - Hei Leung
- Division of Plant Breeding, Genetics and BiotechnologyInternational Rice Research InstituteManilaPhilippines
| | | | - Jan E. Leach
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest ManagementColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
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23
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Batayeva D, Labaco B, Ye C, Li X, Usenbekov B, Rysbekova A, Dyuskalieva G, Vergara G, Reinke R, Leung H. Genome-wide association study of seedling stage salinity tolerance in temperate japonica rice germplasm. BMC Genet 2018; 19:2. [PMID: 29298667 PMCID: PMC5753436 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salinity has a significant impact on rice production in coastal, arid and semi-arid areas in many countries, including countries growing temperate rice, such as Kazakhstan. Recently, the complete genomes of 3000 rice accessions were sequenced through the 3 K rice genome project, and this set included 203 temperate japonica rice accessions. To identify salinity-tolerant germplasm and related genes for developing new salinity-tolerant breeding lines for the temperate japonica rice growing regions, we evaluated the seedling stage salinity tolerance of these sequenced temperate japonica rice accessions, and conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for a series of salinity tolerance related traits. Results There were 27 accessions performed well (SES < 5.0) under moderate salinity stress (EC12), and 5 accessions were tolerant under both EC12 and EC18. A total of 26 QTLs were identified for 9 measured traits. Eleven of these QTLs were co-located with known salinity tolerance genes. QTL/gene clusters were observed on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 and 9. Six candidate genes were identified for five promising QTLs. The alleles of major QTL Saltol and gene OSHKT1;5 (SKC1) for Na+/K+ ratio identified in indica rice accessions were different from those in the temperate japonica rice accessions used in this study. Conclusion Salinity tolerant temperate japonica rice accessions were identified in this study, these accessions are important resources for breeding programs. SNPs located in the promising QTLs and candidate genes could be used for future gene validation and marker assisted selection. This study provided useful information for future studies on genetics and breeding of salinity tolerance in temperate japonica rice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-017-0590-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariga Batayeva
- Kazakh State Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Benedick Labaco
- International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
| | - Changrong Ye
- International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, 4031, Philippines. .,Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China.
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Bakdaulet Usenbekov
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and Science, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Aiman Rysbekova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and Science, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Georgina Vergara
- International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
| | - Russell Reinke
- International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
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24
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Feldman AB, Leung H, Baraoidan M, Elmido-Mabilangan A, Canicosa I, Quick WP, Sheehy J, Murchie EH. Increasing Leaf Vein Density via Mutagenesis in Rice Results in an Enhanced Rate of Photosynthesis, Smaller Cell Sizes and Can Reduce Interveinal Mesophyll Cell Number. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1883. [PMID: 29163607 PMCID: PMC5672787 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Improvements to leaf photosynthetic rates of crops can be achieved by targeted manipulation of individual component processes, such as the activity and properties of RuBisCO or photoprotection. This study shows that simple forward genetic screens of mutant populations can also be used to rapidly generate photosynthesis variants that are useful for breeding. Increasing leaf vein density (concentration of vascular tissue per unit leaf area) has important implications for plant hydraulic properties and assimilate transport. It was an important step to improving photosynthetic rates in the evolution of both C3 and C4 species and is a foundation or prerequisite trait for C4 engineering in crops like rice (Oryza sativa). A previous high throughput screen identified five mutant rice lines (cv. IR64) with increased vein densities and associated narrower leaf widths (Feldman et al., 2014). Here, these high vein density rice variants were analyzed for properties related to photosynthesis. Two lines were identified as having significantly reduced mesophyll to bundle sheath cell number ratios. All five lines had 20% higher light saturated photosynthetic capacity per unit leaf area, higher maximum carboxylation rates, dark respiration rates and electron transport capacities. This was associated with no significant differences in leaf thickness, stomatal conductance or CO2 compensation point between mutants and the wild-type. The enhanced photosynthetic rate in these lines may be a result of increased RuBisCO and electron transport component amount and/or activity and/or enhanced transport of photoassimilates. We conclude that high vein density (associated with altered mesophyll cell length and number) is a trait that may confer increased photosynthetic efficiency without increased transpiration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hei Leung
- Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, The International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Marietta Baraoidan
- Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, The International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | | | - Irma Canicosa
- The C4 Rice Center, The International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - William P. Quick
- The C4 Rice Center, The International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
- Department of Animal Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John Sheehy
- The C4 Rice Center, The International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Erik H. Murchie
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
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25
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Kim E, Leung H, Akhtar N, Li J, Barta JR, Wang Y, Yang C, Kiarie E. Growth performance and gastrointestinal responses of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal diet without or with exogenous epidermal growth factor upon challenge with Eimeria. Poult Sci 2017; 96:3676-3686. [PMID: 28938785 PMCID: PMC5850350 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a protein known for its mitogenic and anti-apoptotic effects was fed to broiler chickens to evaluate growth performance, gastrointestinal measurements, and apparent retention (AR) of components upon challenge with Eimeria. A total of 216, d old male broiler chicks (Ross 708) were placed in cages (6 birds/cage) and allocated to treatments. The treatments were: 1) control (Lactotobacilli lactis fermentation supernatant without EGF), 2) 80 μg of EGF/kg BW/d, and 3) 160 μg of EGF/kg BW/d. A basal antibiotic-free corn-soybean diet containing TiO2 was used. Birds were offered fresh feed with respective treatments on daily basis and had free access to drinking water for 14 d. On d 5, birds (6 replicates per treatment) were challenged with 1 mL of E. acervulina and E. maxima mixture via oral gavage and the other 6 replicates were given sham. Growth performance was measured in pre- (d 0 to 5) and post- (d 6 to 14) challenge periods. Two birds per cage were necropsied on d 10 for intestinal lesion scores and tissue samples for histomorphology and expression of select intestinal genes. Excreta samples for AR of components and oocyst shedding were taken d 10 to 13 and all birds were necropsied on d 14 for gastrointestinal weight. The EGF linearly (P < 0.05) increased BWG before challenge. There was no EGF and Eimeria interaction (P > 0.05) on growth performance, AR of GE, and intestinal histomorphology; the main effects were such that Eimeria depressed (P < 0.01) BWG, FCR, AR of DM, crude fat, and GE, and villi height to crypt depth ratio. An interaction between EGF and Eimeria (P < 0.05) on indices of gut function was such that EGF improved expression of genes for nutrient transporters and tight junction proteins in Eimeria challenged birds whilst no effect in non-challenged control. In conclusion, Eimeria challenge reduced growth performance and impaired gut function; EGF showed beneficial effects on growth pre-challenge and improved indices of gut function upon Eimeria challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Kim
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1
| | - H. Leung
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1
| | - N. Akhtar
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1
| | - J. Li
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1
| | - J. R. Barta
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1
| | - Y. Wang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - C. Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - E. Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1
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Schwab K, Leung H, Smith A, Ali K. 303 Early Identification and Intervention in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the Emergency Department Can Significantly Improve Guideline-Based Anticoagulation and Reduce the Risk of Stroke. Ann Emerg Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Constâncio V, McAllister M, Patek S, Underwood M, Leung H, Edwards J. Evaluation of combined cytoplasmic AR in tumour cells expression and tumour CD3 T-cells infiltrate as a prognostic score for patients with prostate cancer: PS145. Porto Biomed J 2017; 2:181-182. [PMID: 32258628 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V Constâncio
- Biology Department, University of Aveiro, Portugal.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - M McAllister
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Patek
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - M Underwood
- Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H Leung
- Beatson Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom
| | - J Edwards
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Zhou K, Burello N, Wang W, Archbold T, Leung H, Kiarie E, Fan MZ. 463 Broiler chickens express differential alkaline phosphatase activity and enzyme affinity in hydrolyzing ATP along the small intestinal longitudinal axis. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Selisana SM, Yanoria MJ, Quime B, Chaipanya C, Lu G, Opulencia R, Wang GL, Mitchell T, Correll J, Talbot NJ, Leung H, Zhou B. Avirulence (AVR) Gene-Based Diagnosis Complements Existing Pathogen Surveillance Tools for Effective Deployment of Resistance (R) Genes Against Rice Blast Disease. Phytopathology 2017; 107:711-720. [PMID: 28168930 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-16-0451-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Avirulence (AVR) genes in Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungal pathogen that causes the devastating rice blast disease, have been documented to be major targets subject to mutations to avoid recognition by resistance (R) genes. In this study, an AVR-gene-based diagnosis tool for determining the virulence spectrum of a rice blast pathogen population was developed and validated. A set of 77 single-spore field isolates was subjected to pathotype analysis using differential lines, each containing a single R gene, and classified into 20 virulent pathotypes, except for 4 isolates that lost pathogenicity. In all, 10 differential lines showed low frequency (<24%) of resistance whereas 8 lines showed a high frequency (>95%), inferring the effectiveness of R genes present in the respective differential lines. In addition, the haplotypes of seven AVR genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing, if applicable. The calculated frequency of different AVR genes displayed significant variations in the population. AVRPiz-t and AVR-Pii were detected in 100 and 84.9% of the isolates, respectively. Five AVR genes such as AVR-Pik-D (20.5%) and AVR-Pik-E (1.4%), AVRPiz-t (2.7%), AVR-Pita (0%), AVR-Pia (0%), and AVR1-CO39 (0%) displayed low or even zero frequency. The frequency of AVR genes correlated almost perfectly with the resistance frequency of the cognate R genes in differential lines, except for International Rice Research Institute-bred blast-resistant lines IRBLzt-T, IRBLta-K1, and IRBLkp-K60. Both genetic analysis and molecular marker validation revealed an additional R gene, most likely Pi19 or its allele, in these three differential lines. This can explain the spuriously higher resistance frequency of each target R gene based on conventional pathotyping. This study demonstrates that AVR-gene-based diagnosis provides a precise, R-gene-specific, and differential line-free assessment method that can be used for determining the virulence spectrum of a rice blast pathogen population and for predicting the effectiveness of target R genes in rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Selisana
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - M J Yanoria
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - B Quime
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - C Chaipanya
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - G Lu
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - R Opulencia
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - G-L Wang
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - T Mitchell
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - J Correll
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - N J Talbot
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - H Leung
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
| | - B Zhou
- First and sixth authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; second, third, fourth, eleventh, and twelfth authors: Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; fourth author: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; fifth author: The Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemistry Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; seventh and eighth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and tenth author: Biosciences Department, Exeter University, UK
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Cheng L, Tahim A, Ali S, Blanchard J, Johnston L, Leung H, Jones A, Grant C. The use of TissuePatch™, a self-adhesive sealant film to prevent postoperative vascular leakage after thyroid surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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He W, Lee K, Leung T, Leung H, Zhang Q, Wong L. Sequential Theta burst stimulation changes language function after stroke - Preliminary analysis in Chinese survivors. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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32
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Cheng L, Tahim A, Ali S, Blanchard J, Johnston L, Leung H, Jones A, Grant C. The use of TissuePatch™, a self-adhesive sealant film to prevent postoperative vascular leakage after head and neck surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tanger P, Klassen S, Mojica JP, Lovell JT, Moyers BT, Baraoidan M, Naredo MEB, McNally KL, Poland J, Bush DR, Leung H, Leach JE, McKay JK. Field-based high throughput phenotyping rapidly identifies genomic regions controlling yield components in rice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42839. [PMID: 28220807 PMCID: PMC5318881 DOI: 10.1038/srep42839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To ensure food security in the face of population growth, decreasing water and land for agriculture, and increasing climate variability, crop yields must increase faster than the current rates. Increased yields will require implementing novel approaches in genetic discovery and breeding. Here we demonstrate the potential of field-based high throughput phenotyping (HTP) on a large recombinant population of rice to identify genetic variation underlying important traits. We find that detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) with HTP phenotyping is as accurate and effective as traditional labor-intensive measures of flowering time, height, biomass, grain yield, and harvest index. Genetic mapping in this population, derived from a cross of an modern cultivar (IR64) with a landrace (Aswina), identified four alleles with negative effect on grain yield that are fixed in IR64, demonstrating the potential for HTP of large populations as a strategy for the second green revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Tanger
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Stephen Klassen
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Julius P. Mojica
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John T. Lovell
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Brook T. Moyers
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jesse Poland
- Departments of Plant Pathology and Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Daniel R. Bush
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Jan E. Leach
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John K. McKay
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Ereful NC, Liu LY, Tsai E, Kao SM, Dixit S, Mauleon R, Malabanan K, Thomson M, Laurena A, Lee D, Mackay I, Greenland A, Powell W, Leung H. Analysis of Allelic Imbalance in Rice Hybrids Under Water Stress and Association of Asymmetrically Expressed Genes with Drought-Response QTLs. Rice (N Y) 2016; 9:50. [PMID: 27671164 PMCID: PMC5037104 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-016-0123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the effect of stress on the allele-specific expression (ASE) profile of rice hybrids is limited. More so, the association of allelically imbalanced genes to important traits is yet to be understood. Here we assessed allelic imbalance (AI) in the heterozygote state of rice under non- and water-stress treatments and determined association of asymmetrically expressed genes with grain yield (GY) under drought stress by in-silico co-localization analysis and selective genotyping. The genotypes IR64, Apo and their F1 hybrid (IR64 × Apo) were grown under normal and water-limiting conditions. We sequenced the total RNA transcripts for all genotypes then reconstructed the two chromosomes in the heterozygote. RESULTS We are able to estimate the transcript abundance of and the differential expression (DE) between the two parent-specific alleles in the rice hybrids. The magnitude and direction of AI are classified into two categories: (1) symmetrical or biallelic and (2) asymmetrical. The latter can be further classified as either IR64- or Apo-favoring gene. Analysis showed that in the hybrids grown under non-stress conditions, 179 and 183 favor Apo- and IR64-specific alleles, respectively. Hence, the number of IR64- and Apo-favoring genes is relatively equal. Under water-stress conditions, 179 and 255 favor Apo- and IR64-specific alleles, respectively, indicating that the number of allelically imbalanced genes is skewed towards IR64. This is nearly 40-60 % preference for Apo and IR64 alleles, respectively, to the hybrid transcriptome. We also observed genes which exhibit allele preference switching when exposed to water-stress conditions. Results of in-silico co-localization procedure and selective genotyping of Apo/IR64 F3:5 progenies revealed significant association of several asymmetrically expressed genes with GY under drought stress conditions. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that water stress skews AI on a genome-wide scale towards the IR64 allele, the cross-specific maternal allele. Several asymmetrically expressed genes are strongly associated with GY under drought stress which may shed hints that genes associated with important traits are allelically imbalanced. Our approach of integrating hybrid expression analysis and QTL mapping analysis may be an efficient strategy for shortlisting candidate genes for gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelzo C. Ereful
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
- The John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City, 100 Taiwan
| | - Eric Tsai
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City, 100 Taiwan
| | - Shu-Min Kao
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City, 100 Taiwan
| | - Shalabh Dixit
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
| | - Katrina Malabanan
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
- Crop Science Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna 4031 Philippines
| | - Michael Thomson
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
- Texas A &M, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2474 USA
| | - Antonio Laurena
- Institute of Plant Breeding, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
| | - David Lee
- The John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Ian Mackay
- The John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Andy Greenland
- The John Bingham Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Wayne Powell
- SRUC, Peter Wilson Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG UK
| | - Hei Leung
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
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Kang H, Wang Y, Peng S, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Wang D, Qu S, Li Z, Yan S, Wang Z, Liu W, Ning Y, Korniliev P, Leung H, Mezey J, McCouch SR, Wang GL. Dissection of the genetic architecture of rice resistance to the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Mol Plant Pathol 2016; 17:959-72. [PMID: 26574735 PMCID: PMC6638458 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Resistance in rice cultivars to the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is complex and is controlled by both major genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). We undertook a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the rice diversity panel 1 (RDP1) that was genotyped using a high-density (700 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms) array and inoculated with five diverse M. oryzae isolates. We identified 97 loci associated with blast resistance (LABRs). Among them, 82 were new regions and 15 co-localized with known blast resistance loci. The top 72 LABRs explained up to 98% of the phenotypic variation. The candidate genes in the LABRs encode nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance proteins, receptor-like protein kinases, transcription factors and defence-related proteins. Among them, LABR_64 was strongly associated with resistance to all five isolates. We analysed the function of candidate genes underlying LABR_64 using RNA interference (RNAi) technology and identified two new resistance alleles at the Pi5 locus. We demonstrate an efficient strategy for rapid allele discovery using the power of GWAS, coupled with RNAi technology, for the dissection of complex blast resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houxiang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Shasha Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yinghui Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Shaohong Qu
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuangyong Yan
- Tianjin Crop Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Tianjin, 300112, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pavel Korniliev
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila 1301, Philippines
| | - Jason Mezey
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Susan R McCouch
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE In this study we examined sexual behavior and intention to engage in sexual behavior among Chinese high school students in Hong Kong using 6 waves of data collected over 6 years. We also focused on the related sociodemographic and family correlates. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A 6-year longitudinal study was conducted. At each wave, a questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, positive youth development, and family functioning in the respondents. RESULTS Individual growth curve models showed that adolescent sexual behavior and intention increased over time. Adolescents with higher levels of positive youth development reported lower levels of past sexual behavior. Youths from better-off and higher functioning families increased their sexual behavior at slower rates than did youths from families with economic disadvantage and poor family functioning. Regarding intention to have sex, older adolescents reported higher levels of intention. Youngsters with higher levels of perceived family functioning and positive youth development reported lower levels of initial intention. Adolescent boys increased their intention at a faster rate than did girls. CONCLUSION Findings from the study identified risk factors (ie, age, gender, and economic disadvantage) and protective factors (ie, healthy family functioning, positive youth development) that influence the levels and growth rates of adolescent sexual behavior and intention. Implications for future research and interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T L Shek
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China; Centre for Innovative Programs for Adolescents and Families, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China; School of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China; Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau, P.R. China; University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, USA.
| | - H Leung
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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Liu Q, Yang J, Zhang S, Zhao J, Feng A, Yang T, Wang X, Mao X, Dong J, Zhu X, Leung H, Leach JE, Liu B. OsGF14b Positively Regulates Panicle Blast Resistance but Negatively Regulates Leaf Blast Resistance in Rice. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2016; 29:46-56. [PMID: 26467468 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-03-15-0047-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although 14-3-3 proteins have been reported to be involved in responses to biotic stresses in plants, their functions in rice blast, the most destructive disease in rice, are largely unknown. Only GF14e has been confirmed to negatively regulate leaf blast. We report that GF14b is highly expressed in seedlings and panicles during blast infection. Rice plants overexpressing GF14b show enhanced resistance to panicle blast but are susceptible to leaf blast. In contrast, GF14b-silenced plants show increased susceptibility to panicle blast but enhanced resistance to leaf blast. Yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrate that WRKY71 binds to the promoter of GF14b and modulates its expression. Overexpression of GF14b induces expression of jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis-related genes but suppresses expression of salicylic acid (SA) synthesis-related genes. In contrast, suppressed GF14b expression causes decreased expression of JA synthesis-related genes but activation of SA synthesis-related genes. These results suggest that GF14b positively regulates panicle blast resistance but negatively regulates leaf blast resistance, and that GF14b-mediated disease resistance is associated with the JA- and SA-dependent pathway. The different functions for 14-3-3 proteins in leaf and panicle blast provide new evidence that leaf and panicle blast resistance are controlled by different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- 3 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junliang Zhao
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Aiqing Feng
- 3 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Tifeng Yang
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinxue Mao
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingfang Dong
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- 3 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Hei Leung
- 4 Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines; and
| | - Jan E Leach
- 5 Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80537-1177, U.S.A
| | - Bin Liu
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- 2 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Moumeni A, Satoh K, Venuprasad R, Serraj R, Kumar A, Leung H, Kikuchi S. Transcriptional profiling of the leaves of near-isogenic rice lines with contrasting drought tolerance at the reproductive stage in response to water deficit. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:1110. [PMID: 26715311 PMCID: PMC4696290 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Drought tolerance is a complex quantitative trait that involves the coordination of a vast array of genes belonging to different pathways. To identify genes related to the drought-tolerance pathway in rice, we carried out gene-expression profiling of the leaves of near-isogenic lines (NILs) with similar genetic backgrounds and different set of QTLs but contrasting drought tolerance levels in response to long-term drought-stress treatments. This work will help differentiate mechanisms of tolerance in contrasting NILs and accelerate molecular breeding programs to improve drought tolerance in this crop. Results The two pairs of rice NILs, developed at the International Rice Research Institute, along with the drought-susceptible parent, IR64, showed distinct gene-expression profiles in leaves under different water-deficit (WD) treatments. Drought tolerance in the highly drought-tolerant NIL (DTN), IR77298-14-1-2-B-10, could be attributed to the up-regulation of genes with calcium ion binding, transferase, hydrolase and transcription factor activities, whereas in the moderate DTN, IR77298-5-6-B-18, genes with transporter, catalytic and structural molecule activities were up-regulated under WD. In IR77298-14-1-2-B-10, the induced genes were characterized by the presence of regulatory motifs in their promoters, including TGGTTAGTACC and ([CT]AAC[GT]G){2}, which are specific to the TFIIIA and Myb transcription factors, respectively. In IR77298-5-6-B-18, promoters containing a GCAC[AG][ACGT][AT]TCCC[AG]A[ACGT]G[CT] motif, common to MADS(AP1), HD-ZIP, AP2 and YABBY, were induced, suggesting that these factors may play key roles in the regulation of drought tolerance in these two DTNs under severe WD. Conclusions We report here that the two pairs of NILs with different levels of drought tolerance may elucidate potential mechanisms and pathways through transcriptome data from leaf tissue. The present study serves as a resource for marker discovery and provides detailed insight into the gene-expression profiles of rice leaves, including the main functional categories of drought-responsive genes and the genes that are involved in drought-tolerance mechanisms, to help breeders identify candidate genes (both up- and down-regulated) associated with drought tolerance and suitable targets for manipulating the drought-tolerance trait in rice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2335-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moumeni
- Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), PO Box 145, Postal Code 46191-91951, Km8 Babol Rd., Amol, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Kouji Satoh
- Plant Genome Research Unit, Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Kan'non dai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
| | - Ramiah Venuprasad
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines. .,Africa Rice Centre (AfricaRice), Ibadan station, c/o IITA, PMB 5320 Oyo road, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Rachid Serraj
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines. .,Agricultural Research (CGIAR ISPC), FAO, Rome, Italy.
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines.
| | - Hei Leung
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines.
| | - Shoshi Kikuchi
- Plant Genome Research Unit, Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Kan'non dai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
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Leung H, Raghavan C, Zhou B, Oliva R, Choi IR, Lacorte V, Jubay ML, Cruz CV, Gregorio G, Singh RK, Ulat VJ, Borja FN, Mauleon R, Alexandrov NN, McNally KL, Sackville Hamilton R. Allele mining and enhanced genetic recombination for rice breeding. Rice (N Y) 2015; 8:34. [PMID: 26606925 PMCID: PMC4659784 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-015-0069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditional rice varieties harbour a large store of genetic diversity with potential to accelerate rice improvement. For a long time, this diversity maintained in the International Rice Genebank has not been fully used because of a lack of genome information. The publication of the first reference genome of Nipponbare by the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP) marked the beginning of a systematic exploration and use of rice diversity for genetic research and breeding. Since then, the Nipponbare genome has served as the reference for the assembly of many additional genomes. The recently completed 3000 Rice Genomes Project together with the public database (SNP-Seek) provides a new genomic and data resource that enables the identification of useful accessions for breeding. Using disease resistance traits as case studies, we demonstrated the power of allele mining in the 3,000 genomes for extracting accessions from the GeneBank for targeted phenotyping. Although potentially useful landraces can now be identified, their use in breeding is often hindered by unfavourable linkages. Efficient breeding designs are much needed to transfer the useful diversity to breeding. Multi-parent Advanced Generation InterCross (MAGIC) is a breeding design to produce highly recombined populations. The MAGIC approach can be used to generate pre-breeding populations with increased genotypic diversity and reduced linkage drag. Allele mining combined with a multi-parent breeding design can help convert useful diversity into breeding-ready genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Leung
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.
| | - Chitra Raghavan
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Bo Zhou
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Ricardo Oliva
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Il Ryong Choi
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Vanica Lacorte
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Mona Liza Jubay
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Casiana Vera Cruz
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Glenn Gregorio
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division and International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Victor Jun Ulat
- T.T. Chang Genetic Resource Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Frances Nikki Borja
- T.T. Chang Genetic Resource Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- T.T. Chang Genetic Resource Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Nickolai N Alexandrov
- T.T. Chang Genetic Resource Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Kenneth L McNally
- T.T. Chang Genetic Resource Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
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Rizal G, Thakur V, Dionora J, Karki S, Wanchana S, Acebron K, Larazo N, Garcia R, Mabilangan A, Montecillo F, Danila F, Mogul R, Pablico P, Leung H, Langdale JA, Sheehy J, Kelly S, Quick WP. Two forward genetic screens for vein density mutants in sorghum converge on a cytochrome P450 gene in the brassinosteroid pathway. Plant J 2015; 84:257-66. [PMID: 26333774 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The specification of vascular patterning in plants has interested plant biologists for many years. In the last decade a new context has emerged for this interest. Specifically, recent proposals to engineer C(4) traits into C(3) plants such as rice require an understanding of how the distinctive venation pattern in the leaves of C(4) plants is determined. High vein density with Kranz anatomy, whereby photosynthetic cells are arranged in encircling layers around vascular bundles, is one of the major traits that differentiate C(4) species from C(3) species. To identify genetic factors that specify C(4) leaf anatomy, we generated ethyl methanesulfonate- and γ-ray-mutagenized populations of the C(4) species sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and screened for lines with reduced vein density. Two mutations were identified that conferred low vein density. Both mutations segregated in backcrossed F(2) populations as homozygous recessive alleles. Bulk segregant analysis using next-generation sequencing revealed that, in both cases, the mutant phenotype was associated with mutations in the CYP90D2 gene, which encodes an enzyme in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway. Lack of complementation in allelism tests confirmed this result. These data indicate that the brassinosteroid pathway promotes high vein density in the sorghum leaf, and suggest that differences between C(4) and C(3) leaf anatomy may arise in part through differential activity of this pathway in the two leaf types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Rizal
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Vivek Thakur
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jacqueline Dionora
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Shanta Karki
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Samart Wanchana
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Kelvin Acebron
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Nikki Larazo
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Richard Garcia
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Abigail Mabilangan
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Florencia Montecillo
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Florence Danila
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Reychelle Mogul
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Paquito Pablico
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Hei Leung
- Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jane A Langdale
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - John Sheehy
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- 12 Barley Way, Marlow, SL7 2UG, UK
| | - Steven Kelly
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - William Paul Quick
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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41
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Zhao J, Zhang S, Yang T, Zeng Z, Huang Z, Liu Q, Wang X, Leach J, Leung H, Liu B. Global transcriptional profiling of a cold-tolerant rice variety under moderate cold stress reveals different cold stress response mechanisms. Physiol Plant 2015; 154:381-94. [PMID: 25263631 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression profiling under severe cold stress (4°C) has been conducted in plants including rice. However, rice seedlings are frequently exposed to milder cold stresses under natural environments. To understand the responses of rice to milder cold stress, a moderately low temperature (8°C) was used for cold treatment prior to genome-wide profiling of gene expression in a cold-tolerant japonica variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH). A total of 5557 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found at four time points during moderate cold stress. Both the DEGs and differentially expressed transcription factor genes were clustered into two groups based on their expression, suggesting a two-phase response to cold stress and a determinative role of transcription factors in the regulation of stress response. The induction of OsDREB2A under cold stress is reported for the first time in this study. Among the anti-oxidant enzyme genes, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were upregulated, suggesting that the glutathione system may serve as the main reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger in LTH. Changes in expression of genes in signal transduction pathways for auxin, abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) imply their involvement in cold stress responses. The induction of ABA response genes and detection of enriched cis-elements in DEGs suggest that ABA signaling pathway plays a dominant role in the cold stress response. Our results suggest that rice responses to cold stress vary with the specific temperature imposed and the rice genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tifeng Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zichong Zeng
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhanghui Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jan Leach
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management and Program in Plant Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA
| | - Hei Leung
- Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology, International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
| | - Bin Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Huang BE, Verbyla KL, Verbyla AP, Raghavan C, Singh VK, Gaur P, Leung H, Varshney RK, Cavanagh CR. MAGIC populations in crops: current status and future prospects. Theor Appl Genet 2015; 128:999-1017. [PMID: 25855139 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MAGIC populations present novel challenges and opportunities in crops due to their complex pedigree structure. They offer great potential both for dissecting genomic structure and for improving breeding populations. The past decade has seen the rise of multiparental populations as a study design offering great advantages for genetic studies in plants. The genetic diversity of multiple parents, recombined over several generations, generates a genetic resource population with large phenotypic diversity suitable for high-resolution trait mapping. While there are many variations on the general design, this review focuses on populations where the parents have all been inter-mated, typically termed Multi-parent Advanced Generation Intercrosses (MAGIC). Such populations have already been created in model animals and plants, and are emerging in many crop species. However, there has been little consideration of the full range of factors which create novel challenges for design and analysis in these populations. We will present brief descriptions of large MAGIC crop studies currently in progress to motivate discussion of population construction, efficient experimental design, and genetic analysis in these populations. In addition, we will highlight some recent achievements and discuss the opportunities and advantages to exploit the unique structure of these resources post-QTL analysis for gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Emma Huang
- Digital Productivity and Agriculture Flagships, CSIRO, Dutton Park, QLD, 4102, Australia,
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Liu J, Stinear C, Leung H, Ip H, Fan S, Lau Y, Leung W, Chen X, Wong K. Cerebral blood flow augmentation by external counterpulsation enhances corticomotor excitability in subacute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Brain Stimul 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Tonnessen BW, Manosalva P, Lang JM, Baraoidan M, Bordeos A, Mauleon R, Oard J, Hulbert S, Leung H, Leach JE. Rice phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene OsPAL4 is associated with broad spectrum disease resistance. Plant Mol Biol 2015; 87:273-86. [PMID: 25515696 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Most agronomically important traits, including resistance against pathogens, are governed by quantitative trait loci (QTL). QTL-mediated resistance shows promise of being effective and long-lasting against diverse pathogens. Identification of genes controlling QTL-based disease resistance contributes to breeding for cultivars that exhibit high and stable resistance. Several defense response genes have been successfully used as good predictors and contributors to QTL-based resistance against several devastating rice diseases. In this study, we identified and characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant line containing a 750 bp deletion in the second exon of OsPAL4, a member of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family. OsPAL4 clusters with three additional OsPAL genes that co-localize with QTL for bacterial blight and sheath blight disease resistance on rice chromosome 2. Self-pollination of heterozygous ospal4 mutant lines produced no homozygous progeny, suggesting that homozygosity for the mutation is lethal. The heterozygous ospal4 mutant line exhibited increased susceptibility to three distinct rice diseases, bacterial blight, sheath blight, and rice blast. Mutation of OsPAL4 increased expression of the OsPAL2 gene and decreased the expression of the unlinked OsPAL6 gene. OsPAL2 function is not redundant because the changes in expression did not compensate for loss of disease resistance. OsPAL6 co-localizes with a QTL for rice blast resistance, and is down-regulated in the ospal4 mutant line; this may explain enhanced susceptibility to Magnoporthe oryzae. Overall, these results suggest that OsPAL4 and possibly OsPAL6 are key contributors to resistance governed by QTL and are potential breeding targets for improved broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley W Tonnessen
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA
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Myers S, Martin N, Bawn R, Blackburn T, Barrett L, Reuillon T, Golding B, Griffin R, Hammonds T, Hardcastle I, Leung H, Newell D, Rigoreau L, Wong A, Cano C. 429 Development of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) inhibitors for anti-cancer therapy. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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46
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Shirsekar GS, Vega-Sanchez ME, Bordeos A, Baraoidan M, Swisshelm A, Fan J, Park CH, Leung H, Wang GL. Identification and characterization of suppressor mutants of spl11- mediated cell death in rice. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2014; 27:528-36. [PMID: 24794921 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-13-0259-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lesion mimic mutants have been used to dissect programmed cell death (PCD) and defense-related pathways in plants. The rice lesion-mimic mutant spl11 exhibits race nonspecific resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Spl11 encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase and is a negative regulator of PCD in rice. To study the regulation of Spl11-mediated PCD, we performed a genetic screen and identified three spl11 cell-death suppressor (sds) mutants. These suppressors were characterized for their resistance to X. oryzae pv. oryzae and M. oryzae and for their expression of defense-related genes. The suppression of the cell-death phenotypes was generally correlated with reduced expression of defense-related genes. When rice was challenged with avirulent isolates of M. oryzae, the disease phenotype was unaffected in the sds mutants, indicating that the suppression might be Spl11-mediated pathway specific and may only be involved in basal defense. In addition, we mapped one of the suppressor mutations to a 140-kb interval on the long arm of rice chromosome 1. Identification and characterization of these sds mutants should facilitate our efforts to elucidate the Spl11-mediated PCD pathway.
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Leung H, Mak H, Leung M, Leung KL, Kwan P, Wong KS. Neuroeconomics of health care financing options: willingness to pay and save. Hong Kong Med J 2014; 20:8-10. [PMID: 25001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Leung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - H Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - M Leung
- Department of Economics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - K L Leung
- Private medical practitioner, Hong Kong
| | - P Kwan
- University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - K S Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Feldman AB, Murchie EH, Leung H, Baraoidan M, Coe R, Yu SM, Lo SF, Quick WP. Increasing leaf vein density by mutagenesis: laying the foundations for C4 rice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94947. [PMID: 24760084 PMCID: PMC3997395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A high leaf vein density is both an essential feature of C4 photosynthesis and a foundation trait to C4 evolution, ensuring the optimal proportion and proximity of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells for permitting the rapid exchange of photosynthates. Two rice mutant populations, a deletion mutant library with a cv. IR64 background (12,470 lines) and a T-DNA insertion mutant library with a cv. Tainung 67 background (10,830 lines), were screened for increases in vein density. A high throughput method with handheld microscopes was developed and its accuracy was supported by more rigorous microscopy analysis. Eight lines with significantly increased leaf vein densities were identified to be used as genetic stock for the global C4 Rice Consortium. The candidate population was shown to include both shared and independent mutations and so more than one gene controlled the high vein density phenotype. The high vein density trait was found to be linked to a narrow leaf width trait but the linkage was incomplete. The more genetically robust narrow leaf width trait was proposed to be used as a reliable phenotypic marker for finding high vein density variants in rice in future screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryo B. Feldman
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Erik H. Murchie
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Hei Leung
- Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, the International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Marietta Baraoidan
- Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, the International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Robert Coe
- The C4 Rice Center, the International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Su-May Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Fang Lo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - William P. Quick
- The C4 Rice Center, the International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
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Nuruzzaman M, Sharoni AM, Satoh K, Kumar A, Leung H, Kikuchi S. Comparative transcriptome profiles of the WRKY gene family under control, hormone-treated, and drought conditions in near-isogenic rice lines reveal differential, tissue specific gene activation. J Plant Physiol 2014; 171:2-13. [PMID: 24189206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The OsWRKY genes play various roles in developmental processes and in stress-related responses in plants. We describe the rice OsWRKY gene expression profiles (GEPs) under control, hormone-treated, and water-deficit treatment (WDT) conditions. The preferential expression of 3 genes was observed in specific tissues, suggesting that these genes may play important roles in the root and panicle stages of growth. To investigate the GEPs in the root and panicle of 3 rice genotypes, we used 2 near-isogenic rice lines from a common genetic combination backcross developed by Aday Selection and IR64. WDTs were applied using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) for severe, mild, and control conditions. Transcriptomic analysis using a 44K oligoarray from Affymetrix and Agilent was performed on all the tissues. The majority of the OsWRKY genes that were activated were activated in the drought-tolerant IR77298-14-1-2-B-10 line but not in the drought-susceptible IR77298-14-1-2-B-13 or IR64 lines. In IR77298-14-1-2-B-10, non-redundant genes (9) were very specific in their higher expression levels. Approximately 27 and 43% more genes from group III and subgroup IV-a, respectively, were activated in the panicle during severe stress than during the control treatment. We found 5 OsWRKY genes that introgressed in the drought-tolerant IR77298-14-1-2-B-10 line. Os01g43650 was up-regulated in the root under both WDTs and in the panicle under mild stress. OsWRKY up-regulated genes with tissue-specific expression patterns that contained at least 3 cis-elements in the tolerant line. These results provide a useful reference for the cloning of candidate genes for further functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nuruzzaman
- Plant Genome Research Unit Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan; Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku 338-8570, Japan
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Wang GL, Leach J, Ronald P, Leung H. Loving memories of Dr. Ko Shimamoto. Rice (N Y) 2013; 6:34. [PMID: 24325855 PMCID: PMC4883726 DOI: 10.1186/1939-8433-6-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Wang
- />Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Jan Leach
- />Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Pamela Ronald
- />Department of Plant Pathology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Hei Leung
- />International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
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