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Kumar A, Rakesh Kumar RK, Shaikh MO, Lu CH, Yang JY, Chang HL, Chuang CH. Ultrasensitive Strain Sensor Utilizing a AgF-AgNW Hybrid Nanocomposite for Breath Monitoring and Pulmonary Function Analysis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:55402-55413. [PMID: 36485002 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Breath monitoring and pulmonary function analysis have been the prime focus of wearable smart sensors owing to the COVID-19 outbreak. Currently used lung function meters in hospitals are prone to spread the virus and can result in the transmission of the disease. Herein, we have reported the first-ever wearable patch-type strain sensor for enabling real-time lung function measurements (such as forced volume capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV) along with breath monitoring), which can avoid the spread of the virus. The noninvasive and highly sensitive strain sensor utilizes the synergistic effect of two-dimensional (2D) silver flakes (AgFs) and one-dimensional (1D) silver nanowires (AgNWs), where AgFs create multiple electron transmission paths and AgNWs generate percolation networks in the nanocomposite. The nanocomposite-based strain sensor possesses a high optimized conductivity of 7721 Sm-1 (and a maximum conductivity of 83,836 Sm-1), excellent stretchability (>1000%), and ultrasensitivity (GFs of 35 and 87 when stretched 0-20 and 20-50%, respectively), thus enabling reliable detection of small strains produced by the body during breathing and other motions. The sensor patching site was optimized to accurately discriminate between normal breathing, quick breathing, and deep breathing and analyze numerous pulmonary functions, including the respiratory rate, peak flow, FVC, and FEV. Finally, the observed measurements for different pulmonary functions were compared with a commercial peak flow meter and a spirometer, and a high correlation was observed, which highlights the practical feasibility of continuous respiratory monitoring and pulmonary function analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung80424, Taiwan
| | - R K Rakesh Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung80424, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Omar Shaikh
- Sustainability Science and Engineering Program, Tunghai University, Taichung407224, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Huan Lu
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung80424, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung80145, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung80424, Taiwan
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Li JJ, Zeng M, Xu J, Ge YL, Tian H, Wang ZL, Liu GB, Zhai XW, Zhang XB, Zhu QR, Chang HL. [Diagnostic value of rapid antigen testing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:1153-1157. [PMID: 36319149 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220628-00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of rapid antigen test based on colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in symptomatic patients. Methods: From May 20 to June 5 2022, 76 hospitalized children and their 55 accompanying family members with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the COVID-19 isolation unit of the Children's Hospital of Fudan University (designated referral hospital for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shanghai) enrolled. Their nasopharyngeal swab specimens were consecutively collected. The samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by real-time quantitative. SARS-CoV-2 antigen was tested by immunochromatography. The correlation between the antigen detection results and the change of the cycle threshold (Ct) values were evaluated, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection at different periods after the onset of the disease. Kappa consistency test was conducted to investigate the consistency between the 2 diagnostic methods. Results: Of the enrolled SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic infections, 76 were children, including 41 males and 35 females, with an age of 5 (2, 9) years; 55 were accompanying families, including 8 males and 47 females, with an age of 38 (32, 41) years. All 478 samples were simultaneously tested for SARS-CoV-2 antigen and nucleic acid. In any period from disease onset to negative conversion of viral nucleic acid, the overall sensitivity of the rapid antigen test was 48.2% (119/247), the specificity was 98.3% (227/231), and antigen test and nucleic acid test showed moderate consistency (κ=0.46, P<0.05). The sensitivity of antigen test was 100% (82/82) when the Ct value was ≤25. And the sensitivity of antigen test was 8/10, 4/15 and 8.3% (3/36) when the Ct value was 26, 30 and 35, respectively. All antigen tests were negative when Ct value was >35. During the period of 1-2 days, 3-5 days, 6-7 days, 8-10 days and >10 days after onset, the sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV-2 antigen test were 5/8 and 5/5, 90.2% (37/41) and 5/5, 88.9% (24/27) and 2/5, 45.0% (36/80) and 94.1% (32/34), 18.7% (17/91) and 98.9% (183/185) respectively. The Ct values of nasopharyngeal swabs were<26 during 2 to 7 days after onset, 28.7±5.0 on day 8, 34.5±2.9 on day 13 and > 35 after 14 days, respectively. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection shows acceptable sensitivity and specificity within 7 days after onset of disease, and the sensitivity was positively correlated with viral load and negatively correlated with onset time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - M Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Y L Ge
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Z L Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - G B Liu
- Department of Medical Affairs, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - X W Zhai
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - X B Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Q R Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H L Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
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Chin PQ, Sheu CC, Tsai JR, Chang HL, Lee LY, Chen CY. Establishing Quality of Life in Southern Taiwan COPD Patients Using Long-Acting Bronchodilator. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:875-886. [PMID: 35411135 PMCID: PMC8994661 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s355023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Taiwan patients with different stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and using different combination therapies and to explore the factors affecting HRQoL in these patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study included outpatient participants aged 35 years old and older who were receiving long-acting bronchodilator treatment in one of two hospitals in Southern Taiwan. Participants were categorized according to their Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification as either their COPD group, based on symptoms and exacerbation risk, or their COPD stage, based on spirometry results. Patients' HRQoL was assessed using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire score (SGRQ), World Health Organization Quality of Life Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), and EQ-5D-5L. The total scores of the SGRQ, WHOQOL-BREF, EQ-5D utility index, and EQ-VAS were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) among different combination treatments. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the association of patients' baseline characteristics and environmental factors with HRQoL. RESULTS A total of 218 patients were enrolled in the study. The distribution of patients using GOLD group classification were as follows: 73.39% in group A, 20.19% group B, 1.83% group C and 4.59% group D. Triple therapy patients mostly showed a lower quality of life than other combination therapies, regardless of the GOLD classification system. However, only the SGRQ scores of GOLD groups A and B were significantly different when using different drug combinations (p-value = 0.0072 and 0.0430, respectively). The COPD assessment test (CAT) score, a questionnaire to assess impact of COPD on health status, was found to be associated with all the questionnaires. CONCLUSION The HRQoL is impaired in patients with COPD, and it deteriorates with an increase of severity. The CAT was the strongest predictor of HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pik-Qi Chin
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Rung Tsai
- Division of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Cijin Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yao Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Chung-Yu Chen, Master Program in Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shihcyuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, Tel +886-7-3121101 ext 2375, Fax +886-7-3210683, Email
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Lee MR, Huang HL, Keng LT, Chang HL, Sheu CC, Fu PK, Wang JY, Chong IW, Shih JY, Yu CJ. Establishing Aspergillus-Specific IgG Cut-Off Level for Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Diagnosis: Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7060480. [PMID: 34204844 PMCID: PMC8231598 DOI: 10.3390/jof7060480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aspergillus-specific IgG (Asp-IgG) cut-off level in diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) remains unknown. METHODS We prospectively recruited participants with clinical suspicion of CPA in three centers in Taiwan during 2019 June to 2020 August. Serum Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgG (Asp-IgG) (Phadia, Uppsala, UPPS, Sweden) was examined. Optimal cut-off level was determined by Youden's index and validated. RESULTS A total of 373 participants were recruited. In the derivation cohort (n = 262), Asp-IgG had an area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.832. The optimal cut-off level was 40.5 mgA/L. While applying this cut-off level to the validation cohort (n = 111), the sensitivity and specificity were 86.7% and 80.2%. Lowering the cut-off level from 40.5 to 27 mgA/L, the sensitivity was steady (30/36, 83.3% to 31/36, 86.1%) while specificity dropped from 81.9% (276/337) to 63.5% (214/337). Restricting CPA diagnosis to only chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA) and chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis (CFPA) yielded a cut-off level of 42.3 mgA/L in the derivation cohort with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 84.4% in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Serum Asp-IgG performs well for CPA diagnosis and provides a low false-positive rate when using a higher cut-off level (preferably around 40 mgA/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Rui Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (M.-R.L.); (L.-T.K.); (J.Y.-S.); (C.-J.Y.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ling Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (H.-L.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-C.S.); (I.-W.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ta Keng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (M.-R.L.); (L.-T.K.); (J.Y.-S.); (C.-J.Y.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (H.-L.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-C.S.); (I.-W.C.)
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-C.S.); (I.-W.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Kuei Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40254, Taiwan
- College of Human Science and Social Innovation, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (P.-K.F.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Jann-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (M.-R.L.); (L.-T.K.); (J.Y.-S.); (C.-J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (P.-K.F.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-C.S.); (I.-W.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Departments of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yuan Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (M.-R.L.); (L.-T.K.); (J.Y.-S.); (C.-J.Y.)
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (M.-R.L.); (L.-T.K.); (J.Y.-S.); (C.-J.Y.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan
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Wang XS, Cai JH, Zeng M, Tian H, Chang HL, Ge YL, Li JJ, Wei ZQ, Wang JS. [Clinical analysis of liver chemistries in children and adolescent with 2019-nCoV infection]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2021; 29:41-45. [PMID: 33541022 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20201217-00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical features of liver involvement in children and adolescent with 2019-nCoV infection. Methods: The clinical data of 77 hospitalized cases admitted to the Children's Hospital of Fudan University were collected from January 19 to November 28, 2020. The characteristics and risk factors of abnormal liver chemistries in children with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection were analyzed. Results: Of the 77 cases, 44 were male (57.1%) and 33 were female (42.9%), with a median age of 10 years. 27(35.1%) were asymptomatic, 28(36.4%) had mild illness, 22(28.6%)had non-severe pneumonia. Hydroxychloroquine was used in 7 cases. Of the 75 children without underlying diseases, alanine aminotransferase was elevated in 1 case (1.5%, during hydroxychloroquine therapy), aspartate aminotransferase was elevated in 7 cases (10.3%), alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 7 cases (28%), and total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, albumin, international normalized ratio were in normal range. There was no statistical difference between the pneumonia group and the non-pneumonia group in term of liver chemistries (P > 0.05), same as between the elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate group and the normal group. There was no aggravation of liver injury in the child with biliary atresia. The child with epilepsy showed no abnormal liver chemistries after infection. Conclusion: Children with 2019-nCoV infection had mild clinical symptoms with few cases of liver injury. The abnormal liver chemistries in children with COVID-19 infection may be related to the underlying disease and the use of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J H Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - M Zeng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H L Chang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Y L Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J J Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Z Q Wei
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J S Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
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Yang CJ, Wei YJ, Chang HL, Chang PY, Tsai CC, Chen YH, Hsueh PR. Remdesivir use in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A mini-review. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2020; 54:27-36. [PMID: 33060041 PMCID: PMC7534785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative viral pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), appears to have various clinical presentations and may result in severe respiratory failure. The global SARS-CoV-2-associated viral pneumonia pandemic was first reported in December 2019 in China. Based on known pharmacological mechanisms, many therapeutic drugs have been repurposed to target SARS-CoV-2. Among these drugs, remdesivir appears to be the currently most promising according to several clinical trials and reports of compassionate use. In this mini-review, we summarize the current evidence on the efficacy and challenges of remdesivir for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jui Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Chang
- Department of Management, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chen Tsai
- Department of Medical Information of Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chang HL, Chen YH, Taiwan HC, Yang CJ. EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:e129-e131. [PMID: 32387581 PMCID: PMC7199722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Graduate Medicine, Center of Sepsis, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chu Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chang HL, Wei PJ, Wu KL, Huang HL, Yang CJ. Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis mimicking COVID-19 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lung Cancer 2020; 146:376-377. [PMID: 32576385 PMCID: PMC7834130 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ju Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ling Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chen FM, Feng MC, Chen TC, Hsieh MH, Kuo SH, Chang HL, Yang CJ, Chen YH. Big data integration and analytics to prevent a potential hospital outbreak of COVID-19 in Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2020; 54:129-130. [PMID: 32327328 PMCID: PMC7167582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ming Chen
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Feng
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tun-Chieh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Han Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Huei Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Graduate Medicine, Center of Sepsis, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
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10
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Cai JH, Wang XS, Ge YL, Xia AM, Chang HL, Tian H, Zhu YX, Wang QR, Zeng JS. [First case of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children in Shanghai]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:86-87. [PMID: 32102141 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J H Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - X S Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Y L Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - A M Xia
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H L Chang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Y X Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Q R Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J S Zeng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
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11
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Cai JH, Wang XS, Ge YL, Xia AM, Chang HL, Tian H, Zhu YX, Wang QR, Zeng JS. [First case of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children in Shanghai]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:E002. [PMID: 32023679 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J H Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - X S Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Y L Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - A M Xia
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H L Chang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Y X Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Q R Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J S Zeng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
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12
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Chuang HH, Hsu JF, Chang HL, Wang PH, Wei PJ, Wu DW, Huang MS, Hsiao M, Yang CJ. Pin1 coordinates HDAC6 upregulation with cell migration in lung cancer cells. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2635-2643. [PMID: 33162791 PMCID: PMC7645340 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) controls many cellular processes via its catalyzing deacetylation of downstream substrates or interacting with its partner proteins. Dysregulation of HDAC6 signaling links to many diseases. Our previous study has been reported peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, and NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) involving in HDAC6-mediated cell motility. To gain insight into precisely coordination of HDAC6 and Pin1 in cell migration, shRNA-mediated gene silencing and ectopic expression were applied to manipulate protein expression level to evaluate relationship between HDAC6 and Pin1 expression. Quantitative RT-PCR and the cycloheximide (CHX) chase assay resulted in HDAC6 expression is correlated with Pin1 level in H1299 cells. It hints that the Pin1 increases HDAC6 expression through increased transcripts and posttranslational stabilization. Furthermore, wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay evidenced the contribution of Pin1 on cell motility in H1299 cells. Our data suggest that Pin1 acts as an important regulator to manage HDAC6 expression for cell motility in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Hao Chuang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hui Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ju Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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13
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Chang HL, Kuo YH, Wu LH, Chang CM, Cheng KJ, Tyan YC, Lee CH. The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus overcome tumor immune tolerance by inhibition of tumor programmed cell death protein ligand-1 expression. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:939-945. [PMID: 32308547 PMCID: PMC7163360 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.42978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A polysaccharide isolated from the radix of Astragalus membranaceus, called PG2, used in traditional Chinese medicine, with potential hematopoiesis inducing and immunomodulation activities. PG2 extracted from A. membranaceus has been demonstrated as a novel alternative medicine for cancer patients. Recently, we demonstrated that PG2 enhanced chemotherapy through bystander effect and reduced the expression of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 in tumor cells. Many tumors have been proven to have a high expression of programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1), which binds with programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1) in immune cells, thus causing immune tolerance within the tumor microenvironment. With decreased expression of PD-L1, increased immune response can be observed, which might be helpful when developing tumor immunotherapy. The antitumor therapeutic effect mediated by PG2 may associate with an inflammatory immune response at the tumor site. However, the molecular mechanism that by which PG2 inhibits PD-L1 is still incompletely known. The expression of PD-L1 was decreased after tumor cells were treated with PG2. In addition, the cell signaling pathway in tumor cells was evaluated by Western blotting analysis after PG2 treatment. PG2 can downregulate the expression of PD-L1 on the cell surface via the protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (p70S6K) pathway. In conclusion, our results indicate that PG2 inhibits PD-L1 expression and plays a crucial role in immunotherapy, which might be a promising strategy combined with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.,Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung 80457, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hsin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.,Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.,Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 80424, Taiwan
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14
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Nael K, Tadayon E, Wheelwright D, Metry A, Fifi JT, Tuhrim S, De Leacy RA, Doshi AH, Chang HL, Mocco J. Defining Ischemic Core in Acute Ischemic Stroke Using CT Perfusion: A Multiparametric Bayesian-Based Model. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1491-1497. [PMID: 31413007 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Bayesian probabilistic method has shown promising results to offset noise-related variability in perfusion analysis. Using CTP, we aimed to find optimal Bayesian-estimated thresholds based on multiparametric voxel-level models to estimate the ischemic core in patients with acute ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke who had baseline CTP and achieved successful recanalization were included. In a subset of patients, multiparametric voxel-based models were constructed between Bayesian-processed CTP maps and follow-up MRIs to identify pretreatment CTP parameters that were predictive of infarction using robust logistic regression. Subsequently CTP-estimated ischemic core volumes from our Bayesian model were compared against routine clinical practice oscillation singular value decomposition-relative cerebral blood flow <30%, and the volumetric accuracy was assessed against final infarct volume. RESULTS In the constructed multivariate voxel-based model, 4 variables were identified as independent predictors of infarction: TTP, relative CBF, differential arterial tissue delay, and differential mean transit time. At an optimal cutoff point of 0.109, this model identified infarcted voxels with nearly 80% accuracy. The limits of agreement between CTP-estimated ischemic core and final infarct volume ranged from -25 to 27 mL for the Bayesian model, compared with -61 to 52 mL for oscillation singular value decomposition-relative CBF. CONCLUSIONS We established thresholds for the Bayesian model to estimate the ischemic core. The described multiparametric Bayesian-based model improved consistency in CTP estimation of the ischemic core compared with the methodology used in current clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nael
- From the Department of Radiology (K.N., E.T., A.M., A.H.D.), Neuroimaging Advanced and Exploratory Lab
| | - E Tadayon
- From the Department of Radiology (K.N., E.T., A.M., A.H.D.), Neuroimaging Advanced and Exploratory Lab
| | | | - A Metry
- From the Department of Radiology (K.N., E.T., A.M., A.H.D.), Neuroimaging Advanced and Exploratory Lab
| | - J T Fifi
- Departments of Neurology (D.W., J.F., S.T.).,Neurosurgery (J.F., R.A.D.L., J.M.)
| | - S Tuhrim
- Departments of Neurology (D.W., J.F., S.T.)
| | | | - A H Doshi
- From the Department of Radiology (K.N., E.T., A.M., A.H.D.), Neuroimaging Advanced and Exploratory Lab
| | - H L Chang
- Population Health Science and Policy (H.C.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - J Mocco
- Neurosurgery (J.F., R.A.D.L., J.M.)
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Hsu JF, Lee YL, Chang HL, Wei PJ, Shen YT, Lin CM, Li CY, Chong IW, Yang CJ. Clinical efficacy of concurrent bevacizumab for malignant ascites in nonsquamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2019; 15:e126-e131. [PMID: 30693655 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer with malignant peritoneal carcinomatosis and malignant ascites is rare, often indicates the terminal stage, and is refractory to treatment. The median survival time of lung cancer patients with malignant ascites has been reported to be as short as 15 days to 2 months in retrospective studies. METHODS We reviewed all lung cancer patients who had cytologically or pathologically proven malignant ascites and received aggressive therapy including chemotherapy, anti-angiogenesis agents and target therapy at a Taiwan hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. In addition, we searched PubMed using the terms "lung cancer," "peritoneal carcinomatosis" and "malignant ascites" to find other studies reporting experience of such treatment. RESULTS Three consecutive lung cancer patients with malignant ascites (3/265, 1.13%) were included in this case series study, all of whom received bevacizumab with three other drugs (erlotinib, afatinib and gemcitabine). All of the patients showed a good response to treatment with a marked decrease in ascites. Two of the patients had a long progression-free survival time of more than 5 months. In the literature review, several cases reports and case series documented the treatment efficacy, however no prospective or retrospective studies reported treatment strategies. CONCLUSIONS Aggressive treatment for lung cancer with malignant ascites is encouraged when possible. Bevacizumab-based treatment may serve as one effective treatment strategy for non-squamous cell lung carcinoma with malignant ascites. Further prospective trials are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ju Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Min Lin
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Li
- Department of nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang HL, Chen PL, Lin SY, Chen TC, Chang K, Ko WC, Lu PL, Chen YH. Two fatal cases of Aeromonas dhakensis bacteremia and necrotizing fasciitis in severe dengue patients. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 2018; 51:692-694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ungaro R, Fausel R, Chang HL, Chang S, Chen LA, Nakad A, El Nawar A, Prytz Berset I, Axelrad J, Lawlor G, Atreja A, Roque Ramos L, Torres J, Colombel JF. Bariatric surgery is associated with increased risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease: case series and national database study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1126-1134. [PMID: 29512187 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Case series suggest a possible association between bariatric surgery and incident IBD. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between bariatric surgery and new-onset IBD. METHODS We first conducted a multi-institutional case series of patients with a history of IBD and bariatric surgery. We next conducted a matched case-control study using medical and pharmacy claims from 2008 to 2012 in a US national database from Source Healthcare Analytics LLC. Bariatric surgery was defined by ICD-9 or CPT code. Bariatric surgery was evaluated as recent (code in database timeframe), past (past history V code) or no history. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI for new-onset IBD, CD and UC. RESULTS A total of 15 cases of IBD (10 CD, 4 UC, 1 IBD, type unclassified) with a prior history of bariatric surgery were identified. Most cases were women, had Roux-en-Y surgery years prior to diagnosis and few IBD-related complications. A total of 8980 cases and 43 059 controls were included in our database analysis. Adjusting for confounders, a past history of bariatric surgery was associated with an increased risk of new-onset IBD (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.34-2.79). However, patients who had recent bariatric surgery did not appear to be at shorter term risk of IBD (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.58-1.52). CONCLUSION New-onset IBD was significantly associated with a past history of bariatric surgery. This potential association needs to be confirmed in future prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ungaro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Fausel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Oregon Clinic, Portland, OR, USA
| | - H L Chang
- Department of Population Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Chang
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - L A Chen
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Nakad
- CHwapi Notre Dame, Tournai, Belgium
| | | | | | - J Axelrad
- Columbia University Medical Center/NY-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Lawlor
- Columbia University Medical Center/NY-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Atreja
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - J Torres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - J-F Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Chang HL, Hsu JF, Tsai YM, Lin SY, Kuo HF, Yang CJ. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute myocarditis developed in a previously healthy adult with influenza B. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16:1. [PMID: 26728359 PMCID: PMC4700760 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza B virus infection is generally considered to be mild and is rarely associated pulmonary cardiovascular involvement in adults. However fatal complications may occur. CASE PRESENTATION A 43-year-old previously healthy Taiwanese male came to our emergency department due to high fever, chills, general malaise and myalgia for about 4 days. An influenza rapid test from a throat swab was negative. Chest radiography showed mild left lung infiltration and levofloxacin was prescribed. However, progressive shortness of breath and respiratory failure developed 48 h later after hospitalization. Emergent intubation was performed and he was transferred to the intensive care unit where oseltamivir (Tamiflu, Roche) 75 mg orally twice daily was given immediately. In the intensive care unit, cardiac catheterization revealed normal coronary arteries. However, a markedly elevated cardiac enzyme level (Troponin I level was up to 71.01 ng/ml), a positive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings and no coronary artery stenosis led to the diagnosis of acute myocarditis. Subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction of endotracheal aspirates was positive for influenza B. His condition gradually improved and he was successfully weaned from the ventilator on day 22. He was discharged without prominent complications on day 35. CONCLUSION Influenza B infection is not always a mild disease. Early detection, early administration of antiviral agents, appropriate antibiotics and best supportive care, is still the gold standard for patients such as the one reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, #100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, #100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Yi Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hsuan-Fu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, #100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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19
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Hsu JF, Chang HL, Tsai MJ, Tsai YM, Lee YL, Chen PH, Fan WC, Su YC, Yang CJ. Port type is a possible risk factor for implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections and no sign of local infection predicts the growth of gram-negative bacilli. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:288. [PMID: 26420628 PMCID: PMC4588233 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantable venous access port (IVAP)-related blood stream infections (BSIs) are one of the most common complications of implantable venous ports. The risk factors and pathogens for IVAP-related BSIs are still controversial. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all patients who received IVAPs at a Hospital in Taiwan from January 1, 2011 to June 31, 2014. Two types of venous port, BardPort® 6.6 fr (Bard port) and Autosuture Chemosite® 7.5 fr (TYCO port) were used. All patients with clinically proven venous port-related BSIs were enrolled. RESULTS A total of 552 patients were enrolled. There were 34 episodes of IVAP-related BSIs during the study period for a total incidence of 0.177 events/1000 catheter days. Port type (TYCO vs. Bard, HR = 7.105 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.688-29.904), p = 0.0075), age > 65 years (HR = 2.320 (95 % CI, 1.179-4.564), p = 0.0148), and lung cancer (HR = 5.807 (95% CI, 2.946-11.447), p < 0.001) were risk factors for port infections. We also found that no local sign of infection was significantly associated with the growth of gram-negative bacilli (p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS TYCO venous ports, age > 65 years, and lung cancer were all significant risk factors for IVAP-related BSIs, and no sign of infection was significantly associated with the growth of gram-negative bacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Ju Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Huan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chieh Fan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chung Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Maaßen M, Anglesio M, Staebler A, Wallwiener D, Kommoss F, McConechy M, Karnezis A, Chang HL, Huntsman DG, Gilks CB, Brucker S, Taran FA, Kommoss S. Synchronous stage IA endometrial and ovarian carcinomas share common mutations: implications for tumour evolution and clinical staging. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Fan WC, Wu CH, Tsai MJ, Tsai YM, Chang HL, Hung JY, Chen PH, Yang CJ. Risk factors for venous port migration in a single institute in Taiwan. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:15. [PMID: 24423026 PMCID: PMC3896720 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An implantable port device provides an easily accessible central route for long-term chemotherapy. Venous catheter migration is one of the rare complications of venous port implantation. It can lead to side effects such as pain in the neck, shoulder, or ear, venous thrombosis, and even life-threatening neurologic problems. To date, there are few published studies that discuss such complications. METHODS This retrospective study of venous port implantation in a single center, a Taiwan hospital, was conducted from January 2011 to March 2013. Venous port migration was recorded along with demographic and characteristics of the patients. RESULTS Of 298 patients with an implantable import device, venous port migration had occurred in seven, an incidence rate of 2.3%. All seven were male and had received the Bard port Fr 6.6 which had smaller size than TYCO port Fr 7.5 and is made of silicon. Significantly, migration occurred in male patients (P = 0.0006) and in those with lung cancer (P = 0.004). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that lung cancer was a significant risk factor for port migration (odds ratio: 11.59; P = 0.0059). The migration rate of the Bard port Fr 6.6 was 6.7%. The median time between initial venous port implantation and port migration was 35.4 days (range, 7 to 135 days) and 71.4% (5/7) of patients had port migration within 30 days after initial port implantation. CONCLUSIONS Male sex and lung cancer are risk factors for venous port migration. The type of venous port is also an important risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 68 ChungHwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, Kaohsiung City 80145, Taiwan.
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22
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Yang CJ, Chung YC, Chen TC, Chang HL, Tsai YM, Huang MS, Chen YH, Lu PL. The impact of inappropriate antibiotics on bacteremia patients in a community hospital in Taiwan: an emphasis on the impact of referral information for cases from a hospital affiliated nursing home. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:500. [PMID: 24156241 PMCID: PMC4015527 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence for the impact of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy on bacteremia is mainly from studies in medical centers. We investigated the impact of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy on bacteremia in a community hospital. In particular, patients from the hospital’s affiliated nursing home were sent to the hospital with adequate referral information. Methods We performed a retrospective study to collect data of patients with bacteremia in a community hospital in Taiwan from 2005 to 2007. Results A total of 222 patients with blood stream infection were diagnosed, of whom 104 patients (46.8%) died. The rate of initial inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions was high (59%). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with initial inappropriate antibiotics, patients with ventilator support and patients requiring ICU care were the independent predictors for inhospital mortality. Patients referred from the hospital-affiliated nursing home and patients with normal WBC counts had better survival outcome. More than 80% cases infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecalis received initial inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. With the longer delay to administer appropriate antibiotic, a trend of higher mortality rates was observed. Conclusions Bacteremia patients from a hospital-affiliated nursing home had a better prognosis, which may have been due to the adequate referral information. Clinicians should be aware of the commonly ignored drug resistant pathogens, and efforts should be made to avoid delaying the administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Po-Liang Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chang YT, Chang HL, Su KW, Chen YF. High-efficiency Q-switched dual-wavelength emission at 1176 and 559 nm with intracavity Raman and sum-frequency generation. Opt Express 2009; 17:11892-11897. [PMID: 19582103 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.011892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An efficient Q-switched dual-wavelength laser with self-frequency Raman conversion in composite Nd:YVO(4) and intracavity sum-frequency generation in BBO is reported. With an input pump power of 17.5 W, average power of 0.53 W at the first-Stokes 1176 nm and average power of 1.67 W at the sum-frequency mixed 559 nm are simultaneously generated at a pulse repetition rate of 100 kHz, corresponding to a total conversion efficiency of 12.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Chang HL, Huang SC, Chen YF, Su KW, Chen YF, Huang KF. Efficient high-peak-power AlGaInAs eye-safe wavelength disk laser with optical in-well pumping. Opt Express 2009; 17:11409-11414. [PMID: 19582055 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.011409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated an efficient high-peak-power AlGaInAs eye-safe wavelength disk laser at 1555 nm. The quantum defect and the thermal load are significantly reduced by pumping the quantum well directly. The overall conversion efficiency is enhanced over three times compared with the barrier pumping method. With a pump peak power of 3.7 kW, an output peak power of 0.52 kW is generated at a pulse repetition rate of 20 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Chang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Chang YT, Su KW, Chang HL, Chen YF. Compact efficient Q-switched eye-safe laser at 1525 nm with a double-end diffusion-bonded Nd:YVO4 crystal as a self-Raman medium. Opt Express 2009; 17:4330-4335. [PMID: 19293858 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.004330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on an efficient Q-switched eye-safe laser at 1525 nm with a double-end diffusion-bonded Nd:YVO(4) crystal as a self-Raman gain medium. A diffusion-bonded crystal not only reduces the thermal effects but also increase the interaction length for the stimulated Raman scattering. With an input pump power of 17.2 W, average power of 2.23 W at the first- Stokes wavelength of 1525 nm is generated at a pulse repetition rate of 40 kHz, corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Huang YP, Chang HL, Huang YJ, Chang YT, Su KW, Yen WC, Chen YF. Subnanosecond mJ eye-safe laser with an intracavity optical parametric oscillator in a shared resonator. Opt Express 2009; 17:1551-1556. [PMID: 19188984 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.001551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically verify that the threshold of an intracavity optical parametric oscillator pumped by a passively Q-switched laser is entirely controlled by the bleach of the saturable absorber not by the signal output reflectivity. We use a series of different output couplers to optimize the output performance. With a signal output reflectivity of 15%, we experimentally achieve an efficient subnanosecond eye-safe laser with 3.3 mJ pulse energy and 1.5 MW peak power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Huang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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27
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Huang JY, Huang SC, Chang HL, Su KW, Chen YF, Huang KF. Passive Q switching of Er-Yb fiber laser with semiconductor saturable absorber. Opt Express 2008; 16:3002-3007. [PMID: 18542386 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.003002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance AlGaInAs quantum-well saturable absorber is developed for passively Q-switched Er-Yb double-clad fiber lasers at 1560 nm. With an incident pump power of 13.5 W, an average output power of 1.26 W with a pulse repetition rate of 12 kHz is obtained. The maximum peak power is greater than 500 W.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Huang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Yip PSF, Hsieh YH, Xu Y, Lam KF, King CC, Chang HL. Assessment of intervention measures for the 2003 SARS epidemic in Taiwan by use of a back-projection method. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28:525-30. [PMID: 17464910 DOI: 10.1086/516656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To reconstruct the infection curve for the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Taiwan and to ascertain the temporal changes in the daily number of infections that occurred during the course of the outbreak. METHOD Back-projection method. RESULTS The peaks of the epidemic correspond well with the occurrence of major infection clusters in the hospitals. The overall downward trend of the infection curve after early May corresponds well to the date (May 10) when changes in the review and classification procedure were implemented by the SARS Prevention and Extrication Committee. CONCLUSION The major infection control measures taken by the Taiwanese government over the course of the SARS epidemic, particularly those regarding infection control in hospitals, played a crucial role in containing the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S F Yip
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Yuan SS, Hou MF, Chang HL, Chan TF, Wu YH, Wu YC, Su JH. Arsenite-induced nitric oxide generation is cell cycle-dependent and aberrant in NBS cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2003; 17:139-43. [PMID: 12650666 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-2333(02)00129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic has been reported to cause DNA damage and eventually the occurrence of bladder, lung and skin cancers. A previous report has demonstrated that arsenite-induced phosphorylation of Mre11, a protein involved in the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), is M phase-dependent and requires the Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) protein, NBS1 [DNA Repair 1 (2002) 137]. Furthermore, arsenite treatment arrests cells at the M phase and the cells eventually go through apoptosis [Biochemical Pharmacology 60 (2000) 771]. Here we demonstrate that arsenite treatment enhances the generation of nitric oxide (NO), and that the enhanced NO generation is dominant at the G2/M phase. Arsenite-induced NO generation is impaired in DSB repair-defective NBS cells, but not in NBS1-reconstituted NBS cells, suggesting NBS1 is required for effective NO generation. In summary, our study showed, for the first time, that arsenite-induced NO generation is cell-cycle- and NBS1-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 807, Republic of China
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Chen LC, Sung SS, Lin WW, Lee DJ, Huang C, Juang RS, Chang HL. Observations of blanket characteristics in full-scale floc blanket clarifiers. Water Sci Technol 2003; 47:197-204. [PMID: 12578195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We monitored the changes in concentrations, zeta potentials, sizes and capillary suction times of the solids flocs in the clarified water from eight floc blanket clarifiers of PingTsan Water Works of Taiwan Water Supply Company with low (< 10 NTU) and high (> 100 NTU) turbidity raw water. For the former, one-stage coagulation-sedimentation treatment was adopted which yielded a rather unstable blanket. Complete washout was noticeable when the PACl dosage was insufficient. On the treatment of high-turbidity raw water, on the other hand, the Works adopted the combined treatment process, that is, the raw water was first coagulated and settled in a pre-sedimentation tank, afterwards, its effluent was coagulated again and clarified in the clarifiers. The resulting flocs could form a networked blanket that was relatively stable to the shock load in raw water turbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chen
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Chinese Taiwan
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Tsou MF, Chen GW, Hung CF, Yeh FT, Chang HL, Lu HF, Chung JG. Luteolin inhibits the growth and arylamine N-acetyl-transferase activity in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Microbios 2001; 104:87-97. [PMID: 11297015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Growth inhibition and arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in Neisseria gonorrhoeae were inhibited by luteolin, a drug which originated from herbs. The growth inhibition was based on changes in optical density (OD) using a spectrophotometer, and arylamine NAT activity with 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) was determined using high pressure liquid chromatography. The inhibition of growth in N. gonorrhoeae demonstrated that luteolin elicited a dose-dependent growth inhibition in the N. gonorrhoeae cultures. Suspensions of N. gonorrhoeae with or without specific concentrations of luteolin cotreatment showed different percentages of 2-AF acetylation. The data indicated that there was reduced NAT activity associated with increased levels of luteolin in N. gonorrhoeae suspensions. Time-course experiments showed that NAT activity measured from intact N. gonorrhoeae cells was inhibited by luteolin for at least 4 h. Using standard steady-state kinetic analysis, it was demonstrated that luteolin was a possible uncompetitive inhibitor to NAT activity in N. gonorrhoeae. This report is the first to show that luteolin can inhibit N. gonorrhoeae NAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Tsou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chung JG, Chen GW, Hung CF, Lee JH, Ho CC, Ho HC, Chang HL, Lin WC, Lin JG. Effects of berberine on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and 2-aminofluorene-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells. Am J Chin Med 2001; 28:227-38. [PMID: 10999441 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x00000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is an alkaloid occurring in the plant genera Berberis and Coptis. Although berberine had been demonstrated to have antineoplastic function by inhibiting DNA-synthesis in activated lymphocytes, there is no available information to address berberine affects on human leukemia cell N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and 2-aminofluorene (AF)-DNA adduct formation. Thus, berberine was tested for inhibition of arylamine NAT activity and AF-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells. The NAT activity was measured by a high performance liquid chromatography assaying for the amounts of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (AAF) and N-acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (N-Ac-PABA) and the remaining AF and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). The NAT activity and AF-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells were inhibited by berberine in a dose-dependent manner, i.e. the higher the concentration of berberine, the higher the inhibition of NAT activity and AF-DNA adduct. The data also indicate that berberine decreased the apparent values of Km and Vmax from human leukemia cells in both cytosol and intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chung
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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Pan TL, Goto S, Lord R, Huang YC, Huang CM, Wang PW, Lin YC, Kawamoto S, Ono K, Liao PC, Lin CL, Lai CY, Chang HL, Lan CH, Lee TH, Wang YC, Wu ML, Jawan B, Cheng YF, Chen ST, Chen CL. Proteome analysis in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:156. [PMID: 11266756 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T L Pan
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Program, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung, Niao Sung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Hwang YH, Chao KY, Chang CW, Hsiao FT, Chang HL, Han HZ. Lip lead as an alternative measure for lead exposure assessment of lead battery assembly workers. AIHAJ 2000; 61:825-31. [PMID: 11192215 DOI: 10.1080/15298660008984593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated lead exposures of lead battery assembly workers in Taiwan. A special attempt was made to evaluate the use of lip lead as an alternative index for occupational lead exposure. Ninety-six of 113 workers from a lead battery plant were recruited as study subjects. Air lead; lead loadings on workers' sleeves, gloves, hands, cheeks, and lips; and blood lead were determined for exposure assessment. A questionnaire also was administered to collect information on work history, suspected exogenous lead sources, and personal behavior and activities. Geometric means of total air lead at different subareas ranged from 0.070 (2.5 geometric standard deviation [GSD]) to 0.159 (1.8 GSD) mg/m3. Geometric means of respirable air lead level for different subgroups of workers varied from 0.009 (2.0 GSD) to 0.032 (1.9 GSD) mg/m3, whereas those of the blood lead level ranged from 22.4 (1.3 GSD) to 44.5 (1.3 GSD) microg/dL. The heaviest lead loadings were found for plate-processing workers (e.g., 66.4 [1.5 GSD] on gloves, 0.80 [3.7 GSD] on cheeks, and 0.79 [3.2 GSD] microg/cm2) on bare-hands after washing. Blood lead level was significantly correlated with lead levels in air, lead loadings on lips, and bare hands after washing (r=0.24-0.30). Results of multiple regression analysis showed that only lip lead had a significant effect on the blood lead, whereas respirable air lead and personal behavior had only mild effects in this model. It was concluded that lip lead level may be used as an alternative index of lead exposure to facilitate the estimation of lead uptake through ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Hwang
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC.
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Cherng JM, Lin CM, Lin CL, Huang SM, Chang HL, Lee CC, Chiang LC, Chang PY. Effects of VEGF121 and/or VEGF165 gene transfection on collateral circulation development. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:603-11. [PMID: 10969502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Angiogenesis is regulated by various factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Five isoforms of VEGF have been discovered: VEGF121, VEGF145, VEGF165, VEGF189, and VEGF206. The teleologic basis for the various VEGF isoforms remains unclear, but different VEGF isoforms may mediate distinct endothelial cell functions such as angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and differentiation. We sought to determine the effects of various VEGF isoforms on angiogenesis under ischemic conditions in rabbits. METHODS The effects of VEGF121 and/or VEGF165 gene transfection on collateral circulation development in ischemic rabbit hindlimb muscles were investigated by using naked plasmids encoding VEGF121 or VEGF165 (pVEGF121 or pVEGF165), either individually or in combination. pCMV beta was used as the control plasmid. The femoral artery on one side of New Zealand White rabbits was ligated. Ten days later, the ischemic muscles received direct intramuscular injection of pVEGF121 (500 micrograms), pVEGF165 (500 micrograms), or pVEGF121 (250 micrograms) + pVEGF165 (250 micrograms) in experimental groups, while pCMV beta (500 micrograms) was used in the control group. Therapeutic effects were evaluated 30 days later by anatomic and physiologic analysis. RESULTS Internal iliac angiography showed strong development of collateral circulation in all of the pVEGF-treated groups. In contrast, collateral arteries developed weakly in the control group. Combination treatment with both pVEGF121 and pVEGF165 did not result in additional improvement compared with pVEGF121 or pVEGF165 treatment alone (angiographic scores: pVEGF121 = 0.85 +/- 0.10; pVEGF165 = 0.81 +/- 0.11; pVEGF121 + pVEGF165 = 0.83 +/- 0.09; control = 0.53 +/- 0.09; p < 0.01). A favorable response in the development of circulation at the capillary level with pVEGF121 and/or pVEGF165 versus pCMV beta was also found. Blood pressure measurement and regional blood flow measurement using colored microspheres revealed similar results. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that direct intramuscular injection of naked DNA encoding VEGF121 or VEGF165, individually or in combination, is an effective method for gene transfer in an animal model of ischemic limbs and results in augmented collateral vascular development and tissue perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Cherng
- Department of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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Li CS, Chen MC, Yang YY, Chang HL, Liu CY, Shen S, Chen CY. Perceptual alternation in obsessive compulsive disorder--implications for a role of the cortico-striatal circuitry in mediating awareness. Behav Brain Res 2000; 111:61-9. [PMID: 10840132 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) results from functional aberrations of the fronto-striatal circuitry. However, empirical studies of the behavioral manifestations of OCD have been relatively lacking. The present study employs a behavioral task that allows a quantitative measure of how alternative percepts are formed from one moment to another, a process mimicking the brain state in which different thoughts and imageries compete for access to awareness. Eighteen patients with OCD, 12 with generalized anxiety disorder, and 18 normal subjects participated in the experiment, in which they viewed one of the three Schröder staircases and responded by pressing a key to each perceptual reversal. The results demonstrate that the patients with OCD have a higher perceptual alternation rate than the normal controls. Moreover, the frequency of perceptual alternation is significantly correlated with the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive and the Hamilton anxiety scores. The increase in the frequency of perceptual reversals cannot easily be accounted for by learning or by different patterns of eye fixations on the task. These results provide further evidence that an impairment of the inhibitory function of the cortico-striatal circuitry might underlie the etiology of OCD. The implications of the results for a general role of the cortico-striatal circuitry in mediating awareness are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-shan, 333, Tao-yuan, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between activity and psychopathology in adolescents. A total of 289 high school students completed the Symptom Check List-90-R (SCL-90-R) and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) in December 1998. The WURS was used to measure the students' activity level and the SCL-90-R was used as a measure of general psychopathology. Forty-one students (14.18%) scored higher than 46, the cut-off point for differentiation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from the general population according to Ward's report, in the WURS (WURS(+)). The WURS(+) students scored significantly higher than the WURS(-) students in all the subscales of SCL-90-R. The prevalence rate of adolescent WURS(+) in this study is 14.18%. This result shows that ADHD adolescents have overlapping symptoms with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Chang
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Chang Gang Children Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
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Tsou MF, Hung CF, Lu HF, Wu LT, Chang SH, Chang HL, Chen GW, Chung JG. Effects of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid on growth and arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in Shigella sonnei (group D). Microbios 2000; 101:37-46. [PMID: 10677842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activities with 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) as substrates were determined in Shigella sonnei (group D) collected from patients with diarrhoeal disease. The NAT activity was determined using an acetyl CoA recycling assay and high pressure liquid chromatography. Inhibition of growth studies from S. sonnei (group D) demonstrated that caffeic acid (CA), chlorogenic acid (CGA) and ferulic acid (FA) elicited a dose-dependent bactericidal effect in S. sonnei (group D) cultures, i.e. the greater the concentration of CA, CGA and FA, the greater the inhibition of growth of S. sonnei (group D). Cytosols or suspensions of S. sonnei (group D) with and without selected concentrations of CA, CGA and FA co-treatment showed different percentages of 2-AF acetylation. The data indicated that there was reduced NAT activity associated with increased CA, CGA and FA in Shigella dysenteriae (group D) cytosols and intact cells. For the cytosol and intact bacteria examinations, the apparent values of K(m) and Vmax decreased after being co-treated with 400 microM CA, CGA and FA. This report is the first demonstration of plant phenolic inhibition (CA, CGA and FA) of arylamine NAT activity and growth in the bacterium S. sonnei (group D).
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Tsou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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40
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Chung JG, Chang HL, Lin WC, Wang HH, Yeh CC, Hung CF, Li YC. Inhibition of N-acetyltransferase activity and DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts by glycyrrhizic acid in human colon tumour cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2000; 38:163-72. [PMID: 10717356 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(99)00151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) was tested for inhibition of arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in a human colon tumour (adenocarcinoma) cell line (colo 205). Two assay systems were performed, one with cellular cytosols (9000g supernatant), the other with intact colon tumour cell cultures. The NAT activity in a human colon tumour cell line was inhibited by GA in a dose-dependent manner in both types of systems examined. The data also indicated that GA decreased the apparent values of K(m) and V(max) of NAT enzymes from human colon tumour cells in both examined systems. The DNA-2-aminofluorene adduct formation in human colon tumour cells were inhibited by GA. This report is the first to demonstrate that GA does inhibit human colon tumour cell NAT activity and DNA adduct formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chung
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical College, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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41
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Chang HL, Hung CF, Yeh CC, Chang WC, Chung JG. Paeonol promoted 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylations by mononuclear leucocytes from Sprague-Dawley rats. Cytobios 2000; 103:149-58. [PMID: 11086710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Following exposure of rats to the arylamine carcinogen 2-aminofluorene, DNA-carcinogen adducts were found in the target tissues of the liver and bladder, and also in circulating leucocytes. This work investigated how paeonol affects arylamine (2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid) acetylations in rat leucocytes. Evidence is presented showing that rat mononuclear leucocytes are capable of acetylating 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid. Paeonol promoted 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylation. Cultured lymphocytes produced about twice as much N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene from 2-aminofluorene and 2.2-fold as much N-acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid from p-aminobenzoic acid as monocytes. After cotreatment with paeonol, the lymphocyte and monocyte cultures indicated that paeonol did increase 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chung JG, Chang HL, Yeh CC, Lu HF, Chang CC, Tsai HD. Effects of the immunomodulator tilorone on the acetylation of 2-aminofluorene and DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts in the rats. Anticancer Res 2000; 20:467-73. [PMID: 10769698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The present studies were undertaken to determine the effect of tilorone dihydrochloride (a synthetic interferon inducer) on the in vivo acetylation of 2-aminofluorene and DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts. For in vivo examination, pretreatment with tilorone dihydrochloride (50 mg/kg) 48 hr prior to the administration of 2-aminofluorene (50 mg/kg) resulted in a 35% and 29% increase in the fecal and urinary recovery of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene and a 52% increase in the metabolic clearance of 2-aminofluorene to N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene. Following the exposure of rats to the 2-aminofluorene with or without pretreatment with tilorone dihydrochloride, DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts were determined in liver, bladder, lung and also in circulating leukocytes. The DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts in liver were increased by pretreatment with tilorone dihydrochloride. This is the first demonstration of tilorone-induced increasing in N-acetylation of carcinogens and DNA-carcinogen adducts in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chung
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) was used to determine the inhibition of arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and DNA adduct formation in a human bladder tumour cell line (T24). The activity of NAT was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, assaying for the amounts of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene and N-acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid and remaining 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid. Two assay systems were used: one with cytosol and the other with intact cells. High-performance liquid chromatography was also used to analyse for the 2-aminofluorene-DNA adducts. Intact bladder tumour cells were used. The results demonstrated that NAT activity and 2-aminofluorene-DNA adduct formation in human bladder tumour cells were inhibited by acetylsalicylic acid in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of acetylsalicylic acid on the values of the apparent K(m) and V(max) were also determined in both examined systems. The data also indicated that acetylsalicylic acid decreased the apparent values of K(m) and V(max) from human bladder tumour cells in both cytosol and intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Yeh
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung 400, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Fang CT, Chang SC, Chang HL, Chen YC, Hsueh PR, Hung CC, Hsieh WC. Imported malaria: successful treatment of 31 patients in the era of chloroquine resistance. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:683-7. [PMID: 10575838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and management of imported malaria presents a continuing challenge in developed countries, including Taiwan. We retrospectively analyzed the records of all 31 patients with imported malaria treated at National Taiwan University Hospital from January 1984 through December 1998. Plasmodium falciparum was identified as the causative malarial parasite in 18 patients, P. vivax in 12, and P. ovale in one. All 31 patients had fever, but only 13 presented with the characteristic fever pattern. The most common initial laboratory abnormalities were thrombocytopenia (20/31), mild hyperbilirubinemia (20/31), and leukopenia (7/31). The median time from the onset of fever to the correct diagnosis was 4 days for P. falciparum and 5 days for P. vivax. In 28 cases, the clue that led to early diagnosis was the patient's travel history. Quinine, but not chloroquine, was effective in 17 out of 18 cases of falciparum malaria. Three patients treated with intravenous quinine required a change of regimen because of life-threatening quinine toxicity; artesunate served as a safe and effective alternative in this situation. While most patients with tertian malaria were cured with the standard chloroquine and primaquine regimen, a higher dosage was required for one case acquired in Papua New Guinea. All patients, including two with severe malaria, survived. We conclude that, the mortality of imported malaria in the chloroquine resistance era can be minimized with early recognition by obtaining a thorough travel history, and instituting appropriate antimalarial chemotherapy based on precise identification of species. Quinine toxicity should be closely monitoried, especially when this drug is given intravenously.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin JG, Chung JG, Wu LT, Chen GW, Chang HL, Wang TF. Effects of berberine on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in human colon tumor cells. Am J Chin Med 1999; 27:265-75. [PMID: 10467460 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x99000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Berberine was used to determine loss of viable cells and inhibition of arylamine Nacetyltransferase (NAT) activity in a human colon tumor (adenocarcinoma) cell line. The viable cells were determined by trypan blue exclusion under a light microscope. The NAT activity was measured by high performance liquid chromatography for the amounts of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (AAF), N-acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (N-Ac-PABA), and the remaining 2-aminofluorene (AF) and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). The viability and NAT activity in a human colon tumor cell line was inhibited by berberine in a dose-dependent manner, i.e., the higher the concentration of berberine, the higher the inhibition of NAT activity and cell death. The NAT activities measured in the intact human colon tumor cells were decreased over 50% by AAF and NAc-PABA production from acetylation of AF and PABA. The apparent values of Kmoff and Vmax of NAT from colon tumor cells were also inhibited by berberine in cytosols and in intact cells. This report is the first to show that berberine did affect human colon tumor cell NAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Lin
- Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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Huang SY, Kuo YH, Lee WC, Tsou HL, Lee YP, Chang HL, Wu JJ, Yang PC. Substantial decrease of heat-shock protein 90 precedes the decline of sperm motility during cooling of boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 1999; 51:1007-16. [PMID: 10729022 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(99)00046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The decline in boar semen quality after cryopreservation may be attributed to changes in intracellular proteins. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the change of protein profiles in boar spermatozoa during the process of cooling and after cryopreservation. A total of 9 sexually mature boars (mean age = 25.5+/-12.3 mo) was used. Samples for protein analysis were collected before chilling, after cooling to 15 degrees C, after cooling to 5 degrees C, following thawing after freezing to -100 degrees C, and following thawing after 1 wk of cryopreservation at -196 degrees C. Semen characteristics evaluated included progressive motility and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa. Total proteins from 5x10(6) spermatozoa were separated and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results revealed that there was a substantial decrease of a 90 kDa protein in the frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Western blot analysis demonstrated that this protein was 90 kDa heat-shock protein (HSP90). Time course study showed that the decrease of HSP90 in spermatozoa initially occurred in the first hour during cooling to 5 degrees C. When compared with the fresh spermatozoa before chilling, there was a 64% decrease of HSP90 in spermatozoa after cooling to 5 degrees C. However, the motility and percentage of normal spermatozoa did not significantly decrease during this period of treatment. Both declined substantially as the semen was thawed after freezing from -100 degrees C. The results indicated that the decrease of HSP90 precedes the decline of semen characteristics. The length of time between a decrease of HSP90 and the decline in sperm motility was estimated to be 2 to 3 h. Taken together, the above results suggested that a substantial decrease of HSP90 might be associated with a decline in sperm motility during cooling of boar spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Huang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pig Research Institute Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
The inhibition of arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity by ibuprofen was determined in a human colon tumour (adenocarcinoma) cell line. Two assay systems were employed, one with cellular cytosols (9000 g supernatant) and the other with intact colon tumour cell suspensions. The NAT activity in a human colon tumour cell line was inhibited by ibuprofen in a dose-dependent manner in both systems, i.e. the greater the concentration of ibuprofen in the reaction, the greater the inhibition of NAT activities in both systems. The data also indicated that ibuprofen decreases the apparent Km and Vmax of NAT enzyme from human colon tumour cells in both systems examined. This report is the first demonstration to show that ibuprofen affects human colon tumour cell NAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chung
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chung JG, Chen GW, Wu LT, Chang HL, Lin JG, Yeh CC, Wang TF. Effects of garlic compounds diallyl sulfide and diallyl disulfide on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in strains of Helicobacter pylori from peptic ulcer patients. Am J Chin Med 1998; 26:353-64. [PMID: 9862023 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x98000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Arylamine N-acctyltransferase (NAT) activities with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) were determined in the bacterium Helicobacter pylori collected from peptic ulcer patients. Two assay systems were performed, one with cellular cytosols, the other with intact cell suspensions. Cytosols or suspensions of H. pylori with or without specific concentrations of diallyl sulfide (DAS) or diallyl disulfide (DADS) co-treatment showed different percentages of 2-AF and PABA acetylation. The data indicated that there was decreased NAT activity associated with increased levels of DAS or DADS in H. pylori cytosols and suspensions. Viability studies on H. pylori demonstrated that DAS or DADS elicited dose-dependent bactericide affects on H. pylori cultures. The data also indicated that DAS and DADS decreased the apparent values of K(m) and Vmax of NAT enzyme from H. pylori in both systems examined. This report is the first demonstration that garlic components can affect H. pylori growth and NAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chung
- Department of Medicine, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu MF, Chang HL, Tseng J. Dehydroepiandrosterone induces the transforming growth factor-beta production by murine macrophages. Int J Tissue React 1998; 19:141-8. [PMID: 9506315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA), a predominant androgen secreted by the adrenal cortex, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). Its predominant form in serum, were investigated for their role in the regulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) production by murine macrophages. Using a bioassay based on the growing inhibition to Mv-1-Lu cells and RT-PCR analysis, the effect of DHEA and DHEAS on the TGF-beta production and gene expression was studied. Results suggested that DHEA at relatively high concentration (10 microM) significantly induced TGF-beta secretion by both peritoneal cells and P388D1 macrophage-like cells. For the cells treated with DHEAS, no significant increase in TGF-beta secretion was found statistically. Result of RT-PCR confirmed the observation that cDNA from the cells pretreated with DHEA generated a significant amount of amplicons but cDNA samples obtained from both control cells and DHEAS-treated cells showed relatively weak signals. In a quantitative RT-PCR analysis, both DHEAS-treated cells and control cells failed to compete with internal standards and failed to produce any detectable amplicons. Dexamethasone, one of the commonly used glucocorticoids, induced an increase in TGF-beta secretion and in mRNA level. Dexamethasone and DHEA failed to show a synergistic effect on the DHEA-induced increase in TGF-beta secretion and gene expression. The biological significance for DHEA to act as a positive stimulator for TGF-beta production and its role in glucocorticoid-mediated immunoregulation needs to be further delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Wu
- Department of Biology, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei
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50
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Abstract
We have used quantitative autoradiographic methods to determine the effects of chronic lead exposure on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain of female rat. Rats were exposed pre- and post-natally from day 4 +/- 1 post conception with 1000 ppm lead in their drinking water. This treatment continued after weaning. No effects of lead on [3H]MK-801 binding were found at PN 28. However, lead caused a significant increase in [3H]MK-801 binding in the hippocampus including CA1 and CA2, and in the occipital and temporal cortical areas at PN 56 and at PN 112. An increase in binding was also found in the entorhinal cortex and the dentate gyrus at PN 112. Because the NMDA receptor is involved in learning and memory, the lead-induced disruption of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus and cortex may be associated with the cation-induced cognition deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216, USA
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