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Stern D, Meyer TC, Treindl F, Mages HW, Krüger M, Skiba M, Krüger JP, Zobel CM, Schreiner M, Grossegesse M, Rinner T, Peine C, Stoliaroff-Pépin A, Harder T, Hofmann N, Michel J, Nitsche A, Stahlberg S, Kneuer A, Sandoni A, Kubisch U, Schlaud M, Mankertz A, Schwarz T, Corman VM, Müller MA, Drosten C, de la Rosa K, Schaade L, Dorner MB, Dorner BG. A bead-based multiplex assay covering all coronaviruses pathogenic for humans for sensitive and specific surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21846. [PMID: 38071261 PMCID: PMC10710470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Serological assays measuring antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are key to describe the epidemiology, pathobiology or induction of immunity after infection or vaccination. Of those, multiplex assays targeting multiple antigens are especially helpful as closely related coronaviruses or other antigens can be analysed simultaneously from small sample volumes, hereby shedding light on patterns in the immune response that would otherwise remain undetected. We established a bead-based 17-plex assay detecting antibodies targeting antigens from all coronaviruses pathogenic for humans: SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV strains 229E, OC43, HKU1, and NL63. The assay was validated against five commercial serological immunoassays, a commercial surrogate virus neutralisation test, and a virus neutralisation assay, all targeting SARS-CoV-2. It was found to be highly versatile as shown by antibody detection from both serum and dried blot spots and as shown in three case studies. First, we followed seroconversion for all four endemic HCoV strains and SARS-CoV-2 in an outbreak study in day-care centres for children. Second, we were able to link a more severe clinical course to a stronger IgG response with this 17-plex-assay, which was IgG1 and IgG3 dominated. Finally, our assay was able to discriminate recent from previous SARS-CoV-2 infections by calculating the IgG/IgM ratio on the N antigen targeting antibodies. In conclusion, due to the comprehensive method comparison, thorough validation, and the proven versatility, our multiplex assay is a valuable tool for studies on coronavirus serology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stern
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tanja C Meyer
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fridolin Treindl
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Werner Mages
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren Krüger
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Skiba
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Krüger
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian M Zobel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marica Grossegesse
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Rinner
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caroline Peine
- Immunization Unit (FG 33), Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Stoliaroff-Pépin
- Immunization Unit (FG 33), Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Harder
- Immunization Unit (FG 33), Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalie Hofmann
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Michel
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Stahlberg
- Central Epidemiological Laboratory (FG 22), Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Kneuer
- Central Epidemiological Laboratory (FG 22), Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Sandoni
- Central Epidemiological Laboratory (FG 22), Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kubisch
- Central Epidemiological Laboratory (FG 22), Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Schlaud
- Central Epidemiological Laboratory (FG 22), Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Mankertz
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Viruses Affecting Immunocompromised Patients (FG 12), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatjana Schwarz
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor M Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Corporate Member, Freie Universität Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Corporate Member, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel A Müller
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin de la Rosa
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Schaade
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin B Dorner
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brigitte G Dorner
- Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Zobel CM, Wenzel W, Krüger JP, Baumgarten U, Wagelöhner T, Neumann N, Foroutan B, Müller R, Müller A, Rauschning D, Schüßler M, Scheit L, Weinreich F, Oltmanns K, Keidel F, Koch M, Spethmann S, Schreiner M. Serum interleukin-6, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein at hospital admission can identify patients at low risk for severe COVID-19 progression. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1256210. [PMID: 37937220 PMCID: PMC10626435 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1256210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 can show a variable course, from asymptomatic infections to acute respiratory failure and death. For efficient allocation of resources, patients should be stratified according to their risk for a severe course as early as possible. Methods 135 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at four German hospitals were prospectively included in this observational study. A standardized clinical laboratory profile was taken at hospital admission and a panel of serum markers with possible roles in the COVID-associated cytokine storm were also determined. 112 patients could be evaluated. The primary endpoint of ventilator requirement or death within 30 days of symptom onset was met by 13 patients. Results Serum elevations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) at hospital admission were each highly significantly (p < 0.001) associated with ventilator requirement/death within 30 days of symptom onset. With a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 65-67%, IL-6 ≥ 52.8 pg/ml, PCT ≥ 0.11 ng/ml, and CRP ≥ 71.1 mg/L were predictive of a severe course of COVID-19. Positive likelihood ratios were between 2.6-2.8 and negative likelihood ratios were between 0.11-0.13 for these three markers. Conclusion Negative likelihood ratios indicate that IL-6, PCT, and CRP at hospital admission can be used for identifying patients at low risk for severe COVID-19 progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Werner Wenzel
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Krüger
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumgarten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Wagelöhner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nino Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Behruz Foroutan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rico Müller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Müller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominic Rauschning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Meike Schüßler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Lorenz Scheit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Weinreich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaas Oltmanns
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Westerstede, Germany
| | - Franziska Keidel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Westerstede, Germany
| | - Maria Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehr Hospital, Westerstede, Germany
| | - Sebastian Spethmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine|CCM, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité – Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Nesic M, Vogel J, Krüger JP, Wenzel W, Sahebi A, Rassaf T, Siebermair J, Wesemann U. Association between different dimensions of anger and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in at-risk cardiovascular patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1228192. [PMID: 37829760 PMCID: PMC10565353 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1228192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The common connecting factor between PTSD and cardiovascular diseases lies in the disruption of the stress processing system. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in stress levels worldwide. Due to the life-threatening situation of affected risk patients, this also led to the accumulation of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The influence of anger on cardiovascular diseases has hardly been investigated so far. The focus of this study is on anger regulation in cardiovascular risk patients. The COVID-19 pandemic is considered as an additional stressor in this study, but not as a separate entity. The hypothesis is that individuals with inward anger are more prone to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods As part of the routine examination, all patients who were hospitalized between January 1st, 2021 and May 31st, 2022 with high-risk cardiovascular diseases were included. A total of N = 153 (84.1%) subjects participated in the study. On admission, anger (STAXI-2) and PTSD (PCL-5) were assessed using questionnaires. The relationship between different domains of anger and PTSS was examined. Results Inwardly directed anger was more pronounced in this population than in a standard sample (+1 SD) and had a significant impact on the presence of PTSD (B = -0.72, p < 0.001). Additionally, correlations were found between inward-directed anger and PTSD, as well as all other anger expressions studied and the PTSD total score. Discussion It can be assumed that anger and its regulation are relevant factors for both cardiac diseases and PTSD. The study results can be used for prevention, rehabilitation and therapeutic measures. However, the impact of inner anger on PTSD is theoretical and based on statistical testing. A confirmatory longitudinal study is needed to substantiate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihailo Nesic
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychotraumatology, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Vogel
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisberg, Germany
| | | | - Werner Wenzel
- Department of Microbiology, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ali Sahebi
- Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Siebermair
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Krankenhaus Göttlicher Heiland GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Wesemann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychotraumatology, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Hondke S, Cabraja M, Krüger JP, Stich S, Hartwig T, Sittinger M, Endres M. Proliferation, Migration, and ECM Formation Potential of Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells Is Independent of Degeneration Status. Cartilage 2020; 11:192-202. [PMID: 29577749 PMCID: PMC7097975 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518764265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the proliferating, migratory and extracellular matrix (ECM) forming potential of annulus fibrosus cells derived from early (edAFC) or advanced (adAFC) degenerative tissue and their usability as a possible cell source for regenerative approaches for AF closure. DESIGN EdAFC (n = 5 Pfirrman score of 2-3) and adAFC (n = 5 Pfirrman score of 4-5) were isolated from tissue of patients undergoing spine stabilizing surgery. Cell migration on stimulation with human serum (HS), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and transforming growth factor β-3 (TGFB3) was assessed by migration assay and proliferation was assessed on stimulation with HS. Induction of ECM synthesis was evaluated by gene expression analysis of AF-related genes in three-dimensional scaffold cultures that have been stimulated with 5% PRP or 10 ng/mL TGFB3 and histologically by collagen type I, type II, alcian blue, and safranin-O staining. RESULTS EdAFC and adAFC were significantly attracted by 10% HS and 5% PRP. Additionally, both cell groups proliferated under stimulation with HS. Stimulation with 10 ng/mL TGFB3 showed significant induction of gene expression of collagen type II and aggrecan, while 5% PRP decreased the expression of collagen type I. Both cell groups showed formation of AF-like ECM after stimulation with TGFB3, whereas stimulation with PRP did not. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that AF cells retain their potential for proliferation, migration, and ECM formation independent of the degeneration status of the tissue. Proliferation, migration, and ECM synthesis of the endogenous AF cells can be supported by different supplements. Hence, endogenous AF cells might be a suitable cell source for a regenerative repair approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Cabraja
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Vivantes Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Stich
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tony Hartwig
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Vivantes Hospital Spandau, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany
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Lam T, Dehne T, Krüger JP, Hondke S, Endres M, Thomas A, Lauster R, Sittinger M, Kloke L. Photopolymerizable gelatin and hyaluronic acid for stereolithographic 3D bioprinting of tissue-engineered cartilage. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2649-2657. [PMID: 30860678 PMCID: PMC6790697 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To create artificial cartilage in vitro, mimicking the function of native extracellular matrix (ECM) and morphological cartilage-like shape is essential. The interplay of cell patterning and matrix concentration has high impact on the phenotype and viability of the printed cells. To advance the capabilities of cartilage bioprinting, we investigated different ECMs to create an in vitro chondrocyte niche. Therefore, we used methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) and methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) in a stereolithographic bioprinting approach. Both materials have been shown to support cartilage ECM formation and recovery of chondrocyte phenotype. We used these materials as bioinks to create cartilage models with varying chondrocyte densities. The models maintained shape, viability, and homogenous cell distribution over 14 days in culture. Chondrogenic differentiation was demonstrated by cartilage-typical proteoglycan and type II collagen deposition and gene expression (COL2A1, ACAN) after 14 days of culture. The differentiation pattern was influenced by cell density. A high cell density print (25 × 106 cells/mL) led to enhanced cartilage-typical zonal segmentation compared to cultures with lower cell density (5 × 106 cells/mL). Compared to HAMA, GelMA resulted in a higher expression of COL1A1, typical for a more premature chondrocyte phenotype. Both bioinks are feasible for printing in vitro cartilage with varying differentiation patterns and ECM organization depending on starting cell density and chosen bioink. The presented technique could find application in the creation of cartilage models and in the treatment of articular cartilage defects using autologous material and adjusting the bioprinted constructs size and shape to the patient. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B:2649-2657, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tilo Dehne
- Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin BerlinDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering
| | | | | | | | | | - Roland Lauster
- Technische Universität BerlinInstitute of Medical BiotechnologyBerlinGermany
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin BerlinDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering
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Krüger JP, Hondke S, Lau S, Endres M. Characterization of plasma fibronectin for migration, proliferation, and differentiation on human articular chondrocytes. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 13:537-545. [PMID: 30552734 DOI: 10.1002/term.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plasma fibronectin (pFN) plays a crucial role in wound healing by binding to integrins and inducing cell migration. It is known to induce the migration and proliferation of mesenchymal progenitor cells in vitro, which play a key role during microfracture in cartilage repair. Endogenous chondrocytes from the native cartilage of the defect rim might aid in cartilage repair. In this study, the effect of pFN on proliferation, migration, and differentiation was tested on human articular chondrocytes. Results showed that treatment with pFN increased the migration of chondrocytes in a range of 1-30 μg/ml as tested with no effect on proliferation. TGFβ3-induced chondrogenesis was not affected by pFN. Especially, gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases was not increased by pFN. Plasma FN fragmentation due to storage conditions could be excluded by SDS-PAGE. Moreover, bioactivity of pFN did not alter during storage at 4°C and 40°C for up to 14 days. Taken together, pFN induces the migration but not proliferation of human articular chondrocytes with no inhibitory effect on chondrogenic differentiation. Additionally, no loss of activity or fragmentation of pFN was observed after lyophilization and storage, making pFN an interesting bioactive factor for chondrocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Skadi Lau
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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Stich S, Möller A, Cabraja M, Krüger JP, Hondke S, Endres M, Ringe J, Sittinger M. Chemokine CCL25 Induces Migration and Extracellular Matrix Production of Anulus Fibrosus-Derived Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082207. [PMID: 30060561 PMCID: PMC6121557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a major source of back pain. For intervertebral disc regeneration after herniation a fast closure of anulus fibrosus (AF) defects is crucial. Here, the use of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 25 (CCL)25 in comparison to differentiation factors such as transforming growth factor (TGF)β3, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2, BMP7, BMP12, and BMP14 (all in concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 ng/mL) was tested in an in vitro micro mass pellet model with isolated and cultivated human AF-cells (n = 3) to induce and enhance AF-matrix formation. The pellets were differentiated (serum-free) with supplementation of the factors. After 28 days all used factors induced proteoglycan production (safranin O staining) and collagen type I production (immunohistochemical staining) in at least one of the tested concentrations. Histomorphometric scoring revealed that TGFβ3 delivered the strongest induction of proteoglycan production in all three concentrations. Furthermore, it was the only factor able to facilitate collagen type II production, even higher than in native tissue samples. CCL25 was also able to induce proteoglycan and collagen type I production comparable to several BMPs. CCL25 could additionally induce migration of AF-cells in a chemotaxis assay and therefore possibly aid in regeneration processes after disc herniation by recruiting AF-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stich
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anke Möller
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mario Cabraja
- Department of Spinal Surgery, VivantesAuguste-Viktoria-Hospital, 12157 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Sylvia Hondke
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Jochen Ringe
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, and Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Krüger JP, Enz A, Hondke S, Wichelhaus A, Endres M, Mittlmeier T. Proliferation, migration and differentiation potential of human mesenchymal progenitor cells derived from osteoarthritic subchondral cancellous bone. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2018. [PMID: 30018472 PMCID: PMC6043655 DOI: 10.46582/jsrm.1401006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: For regenerative therapies in the orthopedic field, one prerequisite for therapeutic success in the treatment of cartilage defects is the potential of body's own cells to migrate, proliferate and differentiate into functional cells. While this has been demonstrated for mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MPC) from healthy tissue sources, the potential of cells from degenerative conditions is unclear. In this study the regenerative potential of MPC derived from subchondral cancellous bone with diagnosed osteoarthritis is evaluated in vitro. Methods: OaMPC isolated from bone chips of three individual patients with Kellgren grade 3 osteoarthritis were characterized by analysis of cell surface antigen pattern. Cell proliferation was evaluated by doubling time and population doubling rate. Cell migration was assessed using a multi-well migration assay. Multi-lineage potential was evaluated by histological staining of adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic markers. In addition, chondrogenic differentiation was verified by qPCR. Results: OaMPC showed a stable proliferation and a typical surface antigen pattern known from mesenchymal stem cells. Cell migration of oaMPC can be induced by human blood serum. OaMPC were capable of adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation comparable to MPC derived from healthy conditions. Conclusion: OaMPC derived from knee joints affected by osteoarthritic conditions showed regeneration potential regarding migration, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. This suggests that oaMPC are able to contribute to cartilage repair tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Krüger
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Andreas Enz
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany.,Authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Sylvia Hondke
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alice Wichelhaus
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Mittlmeier
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Freymann U, Degrassi L, Krüger JP, Metzlaff S, Endres M, Petersen W. Effect of serum and platelet-rich plasma on human early or advanced degenerative meniscus cells. Connect Tissue Res 2017; 58:509-519. [PMID: 27929701 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2016.1260563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the migratory, proliferating, and extracellular matrix (ECM) forming effect of human serum (HS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on meniscus cells derived from human knees with early or advanced degenerative changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medial menisci from knees with early degenerative changes (n = 5; mean Kellgren score of 1) undergoing arthroscopic meniscal surgery and advanced degenerative changes (n = 5; mean Kellgren score of 4) undergoing total knee replacement were collected. Cell migration and proliferation upon stimulation with HS and PRP were assessed by migration and proliferation assays. Induction of meniscal ECM was evaluated histologically by hematoxylin and eosin, collagen type I, and alcian blue staining and by gene expression analysis of meniscus-related genes in pellets that have been stimulated with 10% HS or 5% PRP. RESULTS Meniscal cells from knees with early and advanced degenerative changes were significantly attracted by 2.5%-30% PRP or 10% HS. Cell proliferation was significantly increased upon stimulation with 10% HS or 5% PRP. Both cell groups showed the formation of a well-structured, meniscus-like ECM after stimulation with 10% HS, whereas stimulation with 5% PRP led to inhomogeneous, more fibrous ECM. Stimulation with 10% HS showed a significant induction of aggrecan and COMP, while 5% PRP showed no inducing effect. CONCLUSIONS Only stimulation with HS showed the formation of meniscal ECM as well as cell proliferating and migratory effects on meniscal cells derived from knees with early or advanced degenerative changes. Thus, we suggest that the selected stimulating factor itself and not the status of the knee may primarily affect repair processes. HS may have a potential to augment in meniscal repair procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Degrassi
- a TransTissue Technologies GmbH , Berlin , Germany.,b Dipartimento di Oncologia , Laboratorio di Medicina Rigenerativa, Biologia e Genetica , Genova , Italy
| | | | - Sebastian Metzlaff
- c Clinic for Traumatic Surgery and Orthopedics, Martin-Luther-Hospital , Berlin , Germany
| | - Michaela Endres
- a TransTissue Technologies GmbH , Berlin , Germany.,d Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Wolf Petersen
- b Dipartimento di Oncologia , Laboratorio di Medicina Rigenerativa, Biologia e Genetica , Genova , Italy
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Kreuz PC, Krüger JP, Metzlaff S, Freymann U, Endres M, Pruss A, Petersen W, Kaps C. Platelet-Rich Plasma Preparation Types Show Impact on Chondrogenic Differentiation, Migration, and Proliferation of Human Subchondral Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells. Arthroscopy 2015; 31:1951-61. [PMID: 25980401 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the chondrogenic potential of platelet concentrates on human subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) as assessed by histomorphometric analysis of proteoglycans and type II collagen. Furthermore, the migratory and proliferative effect of platelet concentrates were assessed. METHODS Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was prepared using preparation kits (Autologous Conditioned Plasma [ACP] Kit [Arthrex, Naples, FL]; Regen ACR-C Kit [Regen Lab, Le Mont-Sur-Lausanne, Switzerland]; and Dr.PRP Kit [Rmedica, Seoul, Republic of Korea]) by apheresis (PRP-A) and by centrifugation (PRP-C). In contrast to clinical application, freeze-and-thaw cycles were subsequently performed to activate platelets and to prevent medium coagulation by residual fibrinogen in vitro. MPCs were harvested from the cortico-spongious bone of femoral heads. Chondrogenic differentiation of MPCs was induced in high-density pellet cultures and evaluated by histochemical staining of typical cartilage matrix components. Migration of MPCs was assessed using a chemotaxis assay, and proliferation activity was measured by DNA content. RESULTS MPCs cultured in the presence of 5% ACP, Regen, or Dr.PRP formed fibrous tissue, whereas MPCs stimulated with 5% PRP-A or PRP-C developed compact and dense cartilaginous tissue rich in type II collagen and proteoglycans. All platelet concentrates significantly (ACP, P = .00041; Regen, P = .00029; Dr.PRP, P = .00051; PRP-A, P < .0001; and PRP-C, P < .0001) stimulated migration of MPCs. All platelet concentrates but one (Dr.PRP, P = .63) showed a proliferative effect on MPCs, as shown by significant increases (ACP, P = .027; Regen, P = .0029; PRP-A, P = .00021; and PRP-C, P = .00069) in DNA content. CONCLUSIONS Platelet concentrates obtained by different preparation methods exhibit different potentials to stimulate chondrogenic differentiation, migration, and proliferation of MPCs. Platelet concentrates obtained by commercially available preparation kits failed to induce chondrogenic differentiation of MPCs, whereas highly standardized PRP preparations did induce such differentiation. These findings suggest differing outcomes with PRP treatment in stem cell-based cartilage repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our findings may help to explain the variability of results in studies examining the use of PRP clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Cornelius Kreuz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Metzlaff
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Axel Pruss
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolf Petersen
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany
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Krüger M, Krüger JP, Kinne RW, Kaps C, Endres M. Are surface antigens suited to verify the redifferentiation potential and culture purity of human chondrocytes in cell-based implants. Tissue Cell 2015; 47:489-97. [PMID: 26254705 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell expansion in vitro is a prequisite to obtain a sufficient quantity of cells for cell-based cartilage repair of articular cartilage lesions. During this process verification of redifferentiation potential of highly expanded chondrocytes is required. Furthermore, cellular impurities of chondrocyte cultures have to be excluded. For this purpose, redifferentiation of expanded human chondrocytes in passage 3 or 5 was initiated in bioresorbable polyglycolic acid-fibrin (PGA-fibrin) scaffolds and selected potential markers were analysed during the process of cell expansion and redifferentiation. Chondrocyte expansion was accompanied by a decrease of collagen type II and COMP and an increase of collagen type I expression indicating cell dedifferentiation. Redifferentiation of chondrocytes in PGA-fibrin scaffolds was accompanied by an increase of collagen II/I ratio. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that in contrast to CD44 and CD49e, CD63 and CD166 showed significant changes in the number of positive cells during redifferentiation. CD14 and CD45 are not expressed by chondrocytes and are therefore possible candidates to detect specifically monocytes or haematopoetic cells in chondrocyte cultures. Characterization of surface antigen expression revealed two promising candidates (CD63 and CD166) to describe the process of redifferentiation, while CD14 and CD45 are suitable markers to exclude impurities by monocytes or haematopoetic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Krüger
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - J P Krüger
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany; Department of Rheumatology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R W Kinne
- Department of Orthopedics, Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - C Kaps
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Endres
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany; Department of Rheumatology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Kalkreuth RH, Krüger JP, Lau S, Niemeyer P, Endres M, Kreuz PC, Kaps C. Fibronectin stimulates migration and proliferation, but not chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells. Regen Med 2014; 9:759-73. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.14.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the impact of human plasma-derived fibronectin (FN) on human subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells regarding cell migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation. Materials & methods: Human subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells were analyzed for their migration capacity upon treatment with human plasma-derived FN. Proliferation activity was evaluated by DNA content. For chondrogenesis, cells were cultured in high-density pellet cultures in the presence of FN, TGFβ3, and a combination thereof. Results: Treatment of progenitors with FN significantly increased the number of migrating cells and elevated proliferative activity. Histological staining indicated formation of an extracellular matrix with type II collagen. Gene expression analysis gave no evidence for chondrogenic differentiation mediated by FN, but revealed a significant induction of type II collagen expression. Conclusion: FN has a potential to recruit human subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells, possibly supporting proliferation and matrix assembly in cartilage repair procedures using bioactive implants after microfracture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Horst Kalkreuth
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Skadi Lau
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Niemeyer
- Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Endres
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Cornelius Kreuz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Kaps
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Krüger JP, Machens I, Lahner M, Endres M, Kaps C. Initial boost release of transforming growth factor-β3 and chondrogenesis by freeze-dried bioactive polymer scaffolds. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 42:2562-76. [PMID: 25169425 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In cartilage regeneration, bio-activated implants are used in stem and progenitor cell-based microfracture cartilage repair procedures. Our aim was to analyze the chondrogenic potential of freeze-dried resorbable polymer-based polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds bio-activated with transforming growth factor-β3 (TGFB3) on human subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells known from microfracture. Progenitor cells derived from femur heads were cultured in the presence of freeze-dried TGFB3 in high-density pellet culture and in freeze-dried TGFB3-PGA scaffolds for chondrogenic differentiation. Progenitor cell cultures in PGA scaffolds as well as pellet cultures with and without continuous application of TGFB3 served as controls. Release studies showed that freeze-dried TGFB3-PGA scaffolds facilitate a rapid, initial boost-like release of 71.5% of TGFB3 in the first 10 h. Gene expression analysis and histology showed induction of typical chondrogenic markers like type II collagen and formation of cartilaginous tissue in TGFB3-PGA scaffolds seeded with subchondral progenitor cells and in pellet cultures stimulated with freeze-dried TGFB3. Chondrogenic differentiation in freeze-dried TGFB3-PGA scaffolds was comparable to cultures receiving TGFB3 continuously, while non-stimulated controls did not show chondrogenesis during prolonged culture for 14 days. These results suggest that bio-activated, freeze-dried TGFB3-PGA scaffolds have chondrogenic potential and are a promising tool for stem cell-mediated cartilage regeneration.
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Dehne T, Adam X, Materne EM, Reimann MC, Krüger JP, Van Linthout S, Tschöpe C, Haag M, Sittinger M, Ringe J. A P19 and P19CL6 Cell-Based Complementary Approach to Determine Paracrine Effects in Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Cells Tissues Organs 2014; 199:24-36. [DOI: 10.1159/000362540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Hegewald AA, Cluzel J, Krüger JP, Endres M, Kaps C, Thomé C. Effects of initial boost with TGF-beta 1 and grade of intervertebral disc degeneration on 3D culture of human annulus fibrosus cells. J Orthop Surg Res 2014; 9:73. [PMID: 25116605 PMCID: PMC4143571 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-014-0073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Three-dimensional (3D) culture in porous biomaterials as well as stimulation with growth factors are known to be supportive for intervertebral disc cell differentiation and tissue formation. Unless sophisticated releasing systems are used, however, effective concentrations of growth factors are maintained only for a very limited amount of time in in vivo applications. Therefore, we investigated, if an initial boost with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is capable to induce a lasting effect of superior cartilaginous differentiation in slightly and severely degenerated human annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. Methods Human AF tissue was harvested during surgical treatment of six adult patients with lumbar spinal diseases. Grading of disc degeneration was performed with magnet resonance imaging. AF cells were isolated and expanded in monolayer culture and rearranged three-dimensionally in a porous biomaterial consisting of stepwise absorbable poly-glycolic acid and poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and a supportive fine net of non-absorbable polyvinylidene fluoride. An initial boost of TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 1 and hyaluronan was applied and compared with controls. Matrix formation was assessed at days 7 and 21 by (1) histological staining of the typical extracellular matrix molecules proteoglycan and type I and type II collagens and by (2) real-time gene expression analysis of aggrecan, decorin, biglycan, type I, II, III, and X collagens as well as of catabolic matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-13. Results An initial boost with TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 1 and hyaluronan did not enhance the expression of characteristic AF matrix molecules in our 3D culture system. AF cells showed high viability in the progressively degrading biomaterial. Stratification by grade of intervertebral disc degeneration showed that AF cells from both, slightly degenerated, or severely degenerated tissue are capable of significant up-regulations of characteristic matrix molecules in 3D culture. AF cells from severely degenerated tissue, however, displayed significantly lower up-regulations in some matrix molecules such as aggrecan. Conclusions We failed to show a supportive effect of an initial boost with TGF-beta 1 in our 3D culture system. This underlines the need for further investigations on growth factor releasing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldemar Andres Hegewald
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
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Kreuz PC, Gentili C, Samans B, Martinelli D, Krüger JP, Mittelmeier W, Endres M, Cancedda R, Kaps C. Scaffold-assisted cartilage tissue engineering using infant chondrocytes from human hip cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1997-2005. [PMID: 24096178 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies about cartilage repair in the hip and infant chondrocytes are rare. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of infant articular hip chondrocytes for tissue engineering of scaffold-assisted cartilage grafts. METHOD Hip cartilage was obtained from five human donors (age 1-10 years). Expanded chondrocytes were cultured in polyglycolic acid (PGA)-fibrin scaffolds. De- and re-differentiation of chondrocytes were assessed by histological staining and gene expression analysis of typical chondrocytic marker genes. In vivo, cartilage matrix formation was assessed by histology after subcutaneous transplantation of chondrocyte-seeded PGA-fibrin scaffolds in immunocompromised mice. RESULTS The donor tissue was heterogenous showing differentiated articular cartilage and non-differentiated tissue and considerable expression of type I and II collagens. Gene expression analysis showed repression of typical chondrocyte and/or mesenchymal marker genes during cell expansion, while markers were re-induced when expanded cells were cultured in PGA-fibrin scaffolds. Cartilage formation after subcutaneous transplantation of chondrocyte loaded PGA-fibrin scaffolds in nude mice was variable, with grafts showing resorption and host cell infiltration or formation of hyaline cartilage rich in type II collagen. Addition of human platelet rich plasma (PRP) to cartilage grafts resulted robustly in formation of hyaline-like cartilage that showed type II collagen and regions with type X collagen. CONCLUSION These results suggest that culture of expanded and/or de-differentiated infant hip cartilage cells in PGA-fibrin scaffolds initiates chondrocyte re-differentiation. The heterogenous donor tissue containing immature chondrocytes bears the risk of cartilage repair failure in vivo, which may be possibly overcome by the addition of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Kreuz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberanerstrasse 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Krüger JP, Freymannx U, Vetterlein S, Neumann K, Endres M, Kaps C. Bioactive factors in platelet-rich plasma obtained by apheresis. Transfus Med Hemother 2013; 40:432-40. [PMID: 24474894 PMCID: PMC3901588 DOI: 10.1159/000356329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in regenerative approaches in cartilage repair is becoming more common. Information about PRP composition and its content of putative bioactive chondrogenic growth factors (GF) that may support cartilage regeneration is scarce. METHODS GF composition of a pool of 6 PRP preparations was determined using Protein Antibody Membrane Arrays covering 507 GF, signaling molecules, and receptors. To verify the chondrogenic GF variability in PRP, Growth Factor Antibody Membrane Arrays covering 26 GF were applied to 6 individual PRP preparations. Selected GF involved in chondrogenic differentiation were quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS 417 out of 507 possible detectable proteins were present in the PRP pool, including 76 GF. Quantification of selected chondrogenic GF by ELISA showed an average of 0.31 ng/ml bone morphogenetic protein-2, 0.50 ng/ml connective tissue growth factor, 0.76 ng/ml fibroblast growth factor-2, and 0.59 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β3. CONCLUSION PRP as a therapeutic option in regenerative cartilage repair strategies is a powerful tool for the local application of chondrogenic GF to the site of injury. Chondrogenic GF are present in PRP and may support cartilage repair by inducing cell differentiation and cartilage matrix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Krüger
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Undine Freymannx
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Samuel Vetterlein
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Neumann
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michaela Endres
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kaps
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Krüger JP, Ketzmar AK, Endres M, Pruss A, Siclari A, Kaps C. Human platelet-rich plasma induces chondrogenic differentiation of subchondral progenitor cells in polyglycolic acid-hyaluronan scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 102:681-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michaela Endres
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
| | - Axel Pruss
- Tumor Medicine; Department of Transfusion Medicine; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
| | - Alberto Siclari
- Struttura Complessa di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Ospedale degli Infermi di Biella ASLBI; Biella Italy
| | - Christian Kaps
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
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Patrascu JM, Krüger JP, Böss HG, Ketzmar AK, Freymann U, Sittinger M, Notter M, Endres M, Kaps C. Polyglycolic acid-hyaluronan scaffolds loaded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells show chondrogenic differentiationin vitroand cartilage repair in the rabbit model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:1310-20. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenel M. Patrascu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; V. Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Timisoara Romania
| | | | - Hademar G. Böss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; V. Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Timisoara Romania
| | | | - Undine Freymann
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Department of Rheumatology; Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin
| | - Michael Notter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Hindenburgdamm 30 12200 Berlin Germany
| | - Michaela Endres
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
- Department of Rheumatology; Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Kaps
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH; Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
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Kulawig R, Krüger JP, Klein O, Konthur Z, Schütte H, Klose J, Kaps C, Endres M. Identification of fibronectin as a major factor in human serum to recruit subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1410-8. [PMID: 23612019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Human serum has the potential for mesenchymal progenitor cell recruitment in repair of articular cartilage lesions. It is unclear which factor(s) in serum mediate this migratory effect. Our goal was to identify cell recruiting factors in human serum fractions obtained by ion exchange chromatography. The recruiting activity of serum fractions on human subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells was analyzed using 96-well chemotaxis assays. Protein composition of recruiting serum fractions were analyzed by mass spectrometry and showed 58 potential candidates. Fibronectin, gelsolin, lumican, thrombospondin-1 and WNT-9a were identified as key candidates for progenitor cell recruitment. Only human plasma derived and recombinant fibronectin showed significant recruiting activity on progenitors reaching 50-90% of the recruiting activity of normal human serum. Presence of fibronectin in all human serum fractions with recruiting activity was verified by Western blot analysis. This study shows that fibronectin is a key factor in human serum to recruit mesenchymal progenitor cells and might be involved in subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cell migration into cartilage defects after microfracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kulawig
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Dehne T, Zehbe R, Krüger JP, Petrova A, Valbuena R, Sittinger M, Schubert H, Ringe J. A method to screen and evaluate tissue adhesives for joint repair applications. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2012; 13:175. [PMID: 22984926 PMCID: PMC3732078 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue adhesives are useful means for various medical procedures. Since varying requirements cause that a single adhesive cannot meet all needs, bond strength testing remains one of the key applications used to screen for new products and study the influence of experimental variables. This study was conducted to develop an easy to use method to screen and evaluate tissue adhesives for tissue engineering applications. METHOD Tissue grips were designed to facilitate the reproducible production of substrate tissue and adhesive strength measurements in universal testing machines. Porcine femoral condyles were used to generate osteochondral test tissue cylinders (substrates) of different shapes. Viability of substrates was tested using PI/FDA staining. Self-bonding properties were determined to examine reusability of substrates (n = 3). Serial measurements (n = 5) in different operation modes (OM) were performed to analyze the bonding strength of tissue adhesives in bone (OM-1) and cartilage tissue either in isolation (OM-2) or under specific requirements in joint repair such as filling cartilage defects with clinical applied fibrin/PLGA-cell-transplants (OM-3) or tissues (OM-4). The efficiency of the method was determined on the basis of adhesive properties of fibrin glue for different assembly times (30 s, 60 s). Seven randomly generated collagen formulations were analyzed to examine the potential of method to identify new tissue adhesives. RESULTS Viability analysis of test tissue cylinders revealed vital cells (>80%) in cartilage components even 48 h post preparation. Reuse (n = 10) of test substrate did not significantly change adhesive characteristics. Adhesive strength of fibrin varied in different test settings (OM-1: 7.1 kPa, OM-2: 2.6 kPa, OM-3: 32.7 kPa, OM-4: 30.1 kPa) and was increasing with assembly time on average (2.4-fold). The screening of the different collagen formulations revealed a substance with significant higher adhesive strength on cartilage (14.8 kPa) and bone tissue (11.8 kPa) compared to fibrin and also considerable adhesive properties when filling defects with cartilage tissue (23.2 kPa). CONCLUSION The method confirmed adhesive properties of fibrin and demonstrated the dependence of adhesive properties and applied settings. Furthermore the method was suitable to screen for potential adhesives and to identify a promising candidate for cartilage and bone applications. The method can offer simple, replicable and efficient evaluation of adhesive properties in ex vivo specimens and may be a useful supplement to existing methods in clinical relevant settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilo Dehne
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Föhrer Strasse 15, Berlin 13353, Germany.
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Woiciechowsky C, Abbushi A, Zenclussen ML, Casalis P, Krüger JP, Freymann U, Endres M, Kaps C. Regeneration of nucleus pulposus tissue in an ovine intervertebral disc degeneration model by cell-free resorbable polymer scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 8:811-20. [PMID: 22865642 DOI: 10.1002/term.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs) occurs frequently and is often associated with lower back pain. Recent treatment options are limited and treat the symptoms rather than regenerate the degenerated disc. Cell-free, freeze-dried resorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA)-hyaluronan implants were used in an ovine IVD degeneration model. The nucleus pulposus of the IVD was partially removed, endoscopically. PGA-hyaluronan implants were immersed in autologous sheep serum and implanted into the disc defect. Animals with nucleotomy only served as controls. The T2-weighted/fat suppression sequence signal intensity index of the operated discs, as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), showed that implantation of the PGA-hyaluronan implant improved (p = 0.0066) the MRI signal compared to controls at 6 months after surgery. Histological analysis by haematoxylin and eosin and safranin O staining showed the ingrowth of cells with typical chondrocytic morphology, even cell distribution, and extracellular matrix rich in proteoglycan. Histomorphometric analyses confirmed that the implantation of the PGA-hyaluronan scaffolds improved (p = 0.027) the formation of regenerated tissue after nucleotomy. Disc heights remained stable in discs with nucleotomy only as well as after implantation of the implant. In conclusion, implantation of cell-free polymer-based implants after nucleotomy induces nucleus pulposus tissue regeneration and improves disc water content in the ovine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Woiciechowsky
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Spine Centre Berlin, Germany
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Krüger JP, Hondke S, Endres M, Pruss A, Siclari A, Kaps C. Human platelet-rich plasma stimulates migration and chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells. J Orthop Res 2012; 30:845-52. [PMID: 22058056 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In cartilage repair, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used in one-step approaches utilizing microfracture and matrix-induced chondrogenesis procedures, bone marrow-derived cell transplantation, or intra-articular injection. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of human PRP on the migration and chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitors. Human progenitors were derived from subchondral cortico-spongious bone (CSP), were analyzed for their migration capacity upon PRP treatment in 96-well chemotaxis assays and cultured in high-density pellet cultures under serum-free conditions in the presence of 5% PRP. Chemotaxis assays showed that 0.1-100% PRP significantly (p < 0.05) stimulate the migration of CSP compared to untreated controls. Histological staining of proteoglycan and immuno-staining of type II collagen indicated that progenitors stimulated with PRP show significantly increased cartilage matrix formation compared to untreated progenitors. Real-time gene expression analysis of typical chondrocyte marker genes as well as osteogenic and adipogenic markers like osteocalcin and fatty acid binding protein showed that PRP induces the chondrogenic differentiation sequence of human progenitors in high-density pellet cultures, while osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation was not evident. These results suggest that human PRP may enhance the migration and stimulate the chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells known from microfracture.
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Krüger JP, Endres M, Neumann K, Stuhlmüller B, Morawietz L, Häupl T, Kaps C. Chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells is affected by synovial fluid from donors with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2012; 7:10. [PMID: 22414301 PMCID: PMC3349532 DOI: 10.1186/1749-799x-7-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microfracture is a first-line treatment option for cartilage repair. In microfracture, subchondral mesenchymal cortico-spongious progenitor cells (CSP) enter the defect and form cartilage repair tissue. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of joint disease conditions on the in vitro chondrogenesis of human CSP. Methods CSP were harvested from the subchondral bone marrow. CSP characterization was performed by analysis of cell surface antigen pattern and by assessing the chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential, histologically. To assess the effect of synovial fluid (SF) on chondrogenesis of CSP, micro-masses were stimulated with SF from healthy (ND), osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis donors (RA) without transforming growth factor beta 3. Results CSP showed the typical cell surface antigen pattern known from mesenchymal stem cells and were capable of osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. In micro-masses stimulated with SF, histological staining as well as gene expression analysis of typical chondrogenic marker genes showed that SF from ND and OA induced the chondrogenic marker genes aggrecan, types II and IX collagen, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and link protein, compared to controls not treated with SF. In contrast, the supplementation with SF from RA donors decreased the expression of aggrecan, type II collagen, COMP and link protein, compared to CSP treated with SF from ND or OA. Conclusion These results suggest that in RA, SF may impair cartilage repair by subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells in microfracture, while in OA, SF may has no negative, but a delaying effect on the cartilage matrix formation.
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Krüger JP, Endres M, Neumann K, Häupl T, Erggelet C, Kaps C. Chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells is impaired by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid. J Orthop Res 2010; 28:819-27. [PMID: 20041492 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In microfracture, subchondral progenitors enter the cartilage defect and form cartilage repair tissue. We hypothesize that synovial fluid (SF) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) donors affects chondrogenesis of human subchondral progenitors stimulated with transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGFB3), whereas SF from normal and osteoarthritis (OA) donors do not. Human progenitors from subchondral cortico-spongious bone (pool of n = 4) were cultured in micromasses under serum-free conditions and were stimulated with 10 ng/mL TGFB3 and with 5% SF from normal, OA, and RA donors (pool of n = 7, each). Histological staining of proteoglycan and immunostaining of type II collagen showed that progenitors stimulated with SF from RA donors show significantly reduced cartilage matrix formation compared to progenitors treated with TGFB3 or with SF from normal and OA donors (n = 3, each). Gene expression analysis of typical chondrocyte marker genes and genes encoding matrix modifying enzymes showed that SF from OA and RA donors influence the onset of TGFB3-mediated chondrogenesis (pool of 20 micromasses), but had no effect on the gene expression profile after prolonged culture in micromasses. These results suggest that SF from RA patients may impair the chondrogenic development of mesenchymal progenitors in microfracture, whereas osteoarthritic SF may has no negative effect on the cartilage matrix formation.
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