1
|
Crabb S, Dempsey L, Soulis E, Hinsley S, Song Y, Barber J, Frew J, Gale J, Faust G, Brock S, McGovern U, Parikh O, Enting D, Sundar S, Ratnayake G, Lees K, Hussain S, Powles T, Jones R, Tapper W. 1772P Characterisation of a DNA repair deficiency (DRD) biomarker phenotype in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) within the ATLANTIS clinical trial platform. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
2
|
Black J, Cox M, Chung W, Lowe M, Barber J, Dennison AR, Bagul A, Yang B. O083 A proof of principle study of cell targeted delivery of sirna guided by innate repair receptor epor/βcr highly expressed by injured tubular epithelial cells in porcine kidneys subjected to extended cold ischaemia times. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac242.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been used in biological models for disease modification. Whilst challenges remain with targeted cell delivery, caspase-3, an executing enzyme of apoptosis and inflammation, plays a crucial role in acute kidney injury. Using caspase-3 siRNA or erythropoietin derived peptide CHBP, we have demonstrated renoprotection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in isolated kidney preservation, and further applied the conjugate of both.
Methods
Porcine kidneys (n = 3) subjected to 10 minutes of warm ischemia were retrieved and perfused with 500 mL hyperosmolar citrate. In comparison with the control (Kidney 1) caspase-3 siRNAHBSP (Kidney 2) or CHBP (Kidney 3) conjugate was administered into the kidney and autologous blood and stored for 22 hours in ice. Organs were then preserved by normothermic perfusion (NP) for 3 hours using clinical-grade cardiopulmonary bypass. Functional parameters were recorded, and kidney biopsies were taken at time zero (pre-perfusion) and hourly intervals following NP.
Results
Preliminary findings showed increased arterial flow rate and urine output together with neutralised perfusate pH in the kidneys (2 and 3) receiving both conjugates compared to the control.
Conclusion
Improved physiological outcomes in kidneys subjected to the novel agent treatment suggest protective effects against ischaemia. We hypothesise outcomes should be transferrable to human kidneys, which may facilitate the use of marginal kidneys following prolonged ischaemia, otherwise deemed unsuitable for transplantation. Renal histological and molecular studies of the effect of the agent are underway.
Take-home message
Despite a small sample, this pilot proof of principle study suggests that caspase-3 inhibitors may have a role in limiting the detrimental effects of ischaemia on renal tissues subjected to prolonged cold ischaemic times. It is hoped that this may be beneficial if replicated in the human kidney model at increasing the deceased donor organ pool by enabling use of marginal kidneys subjected to prolonged ischaemic times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Black
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - M Cox
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - W Chung
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - M Lowe
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - J Barber
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - AR Dennison
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - A Bagul
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| | - B Yang
- Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester , UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Grinberg N, Benkhedda K, Barber J, Krahn AD, La Vieille S. Effects of Caffeinated Energy Drinks on Cardiovascular Responses during Exercise in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:618-631. [PMID: 35358397 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The impact of caffeinated energy drinks (CED) on the cardiovascular (CV) response to exercise has not been well described. A systematic review and meta-analysis (MA) was conducted on the acute effects of CEDs on CV responses during dynamic, aerobic exercise in 296 healthy adult males (224) and females (72) in 21 randomized controlled trials. During exercise, there was an increase in heart rate (HR) (mean difference (MD), 2.86 bpm, 95% CI, 2.39-3.34 bpm, I2=0%, p<0.00001), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD, 9.02 mmHg, 95% CI, 4.25-13.79 mmHg, I2= 0%, p=0.0002) with consumption of CEDs, compared to controls, but diastolic blood pressure was similar. Insufficient data was available to evaluate rate pressure product (HR X SBP) and exercise-induced arrhythmia. Though changes to HR during exercise were modest, the significant increase in exercise SBP highlights the importance of directly assessing CV effects of CEDs with exercise, especially in individuals prone to hypertension. Novelty Bullets: 1. Exercise SBP in healthy adults is significantly increased during exercise with the consumption of CEDs compared to control, despite limited data. 2. The direct assessment of CV effects of CEDs with exercise highlights the particular relevance to individuals prone to hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew D Krahn
- The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, 12358, Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
La Vieille S, Gillespie Z, Bonvalot Y, Benkhedda K, Grinberg N, Rotstein J, Barber J, Krahn AD. Caffeinated energy drinks in the Canadian context: health risk assessment with a focus on cardiovascular effects. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:1019-1028. [PMID: 34000209 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In Canada, caffeinated energy drinks (CEDs) currently sold under Temporary Marketing Authorizations must meet strict eligibility criteria. These criteria, which include compositional and labelling requirements, were developed based on the outcome of a health risk assessment conducted by Health Canada (HC) in 2013. HC updated its assessment by reviewing new information with the focus on potential cardiovascular effects associated with the consumption of CEDs available for sale in Canada. Due to limited data on CED consumption among Canadians to derive accurate exposure information, the composition of a typical CED was characterized to assess the potential effects of single ingredients and synergistic interactions between ingredients on the cardiovascular system. Surveillance data on potential adverse effects related to CED consumption was also analyzed. After extensive review, HC's updated assessment confirms the current risk management approach for CEDs is health protective for Canadian consumers, including the potential for cardiovascular effects. The available evidence supports that moderate consumption (up to 500 mL per day) of a typical CED authorized for sale in Canada is safe for the general population of healthy adults and adolescents. It also re-confirms that vulnerable sub-populations (i.e., children, pregnant and/or breastfeeding women, and caffeine-sensitive individuals) should not consume CEDs. Novelty: Consumption up to 500 mL per day of a typical CED is not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular effects. Children, pregnant and/or breastfeeding women, and caffeine-sensitive individuals should not consume CEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoe Gillespie
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yvette Bonvalot
- Biostatistics and Modelling Division, Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Karima Benkhedda
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Grinberg
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Rotstein
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D Krahn
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Smith AJ, Barber J, Davis S, Jones C, Kotra KK, Losada S, Lyons BP, Mataki M, Potter KD, Devlin MJ. Aquatic contaminants in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu: Evidence from passive samplers and Microtox toxicity assessment. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 165:112118. [PMID: 33582422 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water Quality issues in many Pacific countries are rising, with the increase in coastal populations and associated urban runoff but management requires contamination issues in the aquatic environment to be identified and prioritised. In Vanuatu and Solomon Islands there are few laboratories and resources to assess for the presence or impact of complex chemical contaminants. The extent and impact of chemical contamination of the marine and coastal environment is poorly described. Passive chemical samplers were used to measure a range of aquatic pollutants around the capital cities, Honiara (Solomon Islands) and Port Vila (Vanuatu). We detected a range of chemicals indicative of agricultural and industrial contamination and a few sites had concerning concentrations of specific hydrocarbons and pesticides. The rapid ecotoxicology test, Microtox, indicated toxic impacts in rivers, coastal sites and urban drains This work provides new data on chemical contamination and possible impacts of that contamination for both countries. The techniques could be applied widely across the region to generate critical data for environmental management, guide monitoring efforts and measure the impact of policy or land-use changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Smith
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK.
| | - J Barber
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| | - S Davis
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| | - C Jones
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| | - K K Kotra
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), The University of the South Pacific, Emalus Campus, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | - S Losada
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| | - B P Lyons
- Cefas, British Embassy, PO Box 2, 13001 Safat, Kuwait; Cefas, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
| | - M Mataki
- Ministry of Environment, Climate Change, Disaster Management and Meteorology, P.O. Box 21, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - K D Potter
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| | - M J Devlin
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McClelland S, Hayes H, Barber J, Hort A, Baumwol J. Use of Thalidomide for Refractory GI Bleeding in Patients with Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device (cfLVAD) - The Western Australian (WA) Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
7
|
Nguyen V, Brown A, Barber J. OC-019: Contouring of metal artefact for bilateral hip prosthetics in radiation therapy prostate planning. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(20)30425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
8
|
Lim P, Barber J, Sykes J. Evaluation of dual energy CT and iterative metal artefact reduction (iMAR) for artefact reduction in radiation therapy. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 2019; 42:1025-1032. [PMID: 31602593 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-019-00801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal artefacts pose a common problem in single energy computed tomography (SECT) images used for radiotherapy. Virtual monoenergetic (VME) images constructed with dual energy computed tomography (DECT) scans can be used to reduce beam hardening artefacts. Dual energy metal artefact reduction is compared and combined with iterative metal artefact reduction (iMAR) to determine optimal imaging strategies for patients with metal prostheses. SECT and DECT scans were performed on a Siemens Somatom AS-64 Slice CT scanner. Images were acquired of a modified CIRS pelvis phantom with 6, 12, 20 mm diameter stainless steel rods and VME images reconstructed at 100, 120, 140 and 190 keV. These were post-reconstructed with and without the iMAR algorithm. Artefact reduction was measured using: (1) the change in Hounsfield Unit (HU) with and without metal artefact reduction (MAR) for 4 regions of interest; (2) the total number of artefact pixels, defined as pixels with a difference (between images with metal rod and without) exceeding a threshold; (3) the difference in the mean pixel intensity of the artefact pixels. DECT, SECT + iMAR and DECT + iMAR were compared. Both SECT + iMAR and DECT + iMAR offer successful MAR for phantom simulating unilateral hip prosthesis. DECT gives minimal artefact reduction over iMAR alone. Quantitative metrics are advantageous for MAR analysis but have limitations that leave room for metric development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Lim
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - J Barber
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Radiation Oncology, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney West Cancer Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Sykes
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Radiation Oncology, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney West Cancer Network, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barber J, Mikhaeel G, Brady J, Mistry A. An Investigation of the Possible Advantages of Treating Lymphoma Stomach Patients in DIBH or EEBH to Reduce Heart Dose. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Guzzo KB, Hayford SR, Lang VW, Wu HS, Barber J, Kusunoki Y. Dimensions of Reproductive Attitudes and Knowledge Related to Unintended Childbearing Among U.S. Adolescents and Young Adults. Demography 2019; 56:201-228. [PMID: 30523559 DOI: 10.1007/s13524-018-0747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Measures of attitudes and knowledge predict reproductive behavior, such as unintended fertility among adolescents and young adults. However, there is little consensus as to the underlying dimensions these measures represent, how to compare findings across surveys using different measures, or how to interpret the concepts captured by existing measures. To guide future research on reproductive behavior, we propose an organizing framework for existing measures. We suggest that two overarching multidimensional concepts-reproductive attitudes and reproductive knowledge-can be applied to understand existing research using various measures. We adapt psychometric analytic techniques to analyze two data sets: the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) and the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life study (RDSL). Although the specific survey measures and sample composition of the two data sets are different, the dimensionality of the concepts and the content of the items used to measure their latent factors are remarkably consistent across the two data sets, and the factors are predictive of subsequent contraceptive behavior. However, some survey items do not seem strongly related to any dimension of either construct, and some dimensions of the two concepts appear to be poorly measured with existing survey questions. Nonetheless, we argue that the concepts of reproductive attitudes and reproductive knowledge are useful for categorizing and analyzing social psychological measures related to unintended fertility. The results can be used to guide secondary data analyses to predict reproductive behavior, compare results across data sets, and structure future data collection efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Benjamin Guzzo
- Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403-0222, USA.
| | - Sarah R Hayford
- Department of Sociology, Ohio State University, 238 Townshend Hall, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Vanessa Wanner Lang
- Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403-0222, USA
| | - Hsueh-Sheng Wu
- Center for Family and Demographic Research, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403-0222, USA
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, 500 S. State Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yasamin Kusunoki
- Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 N. Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Leveraging 2.5 years of weekly data from the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life Study, we investigate the relationship between young women's sexual concurrency and their contraceptive behavior. Specifically, we (1) examine whether young women changed their contraceptive use when switching from one to multiple concurrent sexual partners in the same week; (2) explore the uniformity of contraceptive responses to concurrency across relationship context; and (3) compare the contraceptive behaviors of never-concurrent women with those of ever-concurrent women in weeks when they were not concurrent. Nearly one in five sexually active young women had sex with two or more people in the same week. When they were concurrent, these women's odds of using any contraception increased threefold, and their odds of using condoms increased fourfold. This pattern of contraceptive adjustments was the same across relationship characteristics, such as duration and exclusivity. Yet when they were not concurrent, ever-concurrent women were less likely to use any contraception and used condoms less consistently than women who were never concurrent. We discuss these findings in the context of ongoing debates about the role of sexual concurrency in STI transmission dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Weitzman
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, RLP 2.602, Mail Stop G1800, Austin, TX, 78712-1699, USA.
- Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, A1700, RLP 3.306, Austin, TX, 78712-1086, USA.
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasamin Kusunoki
- Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barber J, Taylor B, Gaya A, Qureshi A, Thomas C, Hartill C, Staykova V, Sisodia C. EP-2197 EEBH as a method of managing respiratory movement in treating abdominal structures with SABR. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
13
|
Moseson H, Dehlendorf C, Gerdts C, Vittinghoff E, Hiatt RA, Barber J. No one to turn to: low social support and the incidence of undesired pregnancy in the United States. Contraception 2018; 98:275-280. [PMID: 30220308 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Young women may experience social barriers to achieving their reproductive goals. This analysis explored whether low social support may contribute to the high incidence of undesired pregnancy in young women in the United States. STUDY DESIGN Using 6 months of data from a prospective cohort of 970 women ages 18-22 years in the United States, we described contraceptive use and applied multivariable logistic regression and standardization to estimate adjusted odds and absolute risk of undesired pregnancy among women reporting low social support versus higher social support. We investigated several measures of contraceptive use as possible explanations for this pathway. RESULTS Sixty-five pregnancies were reported in the 6 months of the study, of which 30 (46%) were classified as undesired prior to conception. Among young women who reported low social support, 8% reported an undesired pregnancy during the study period as compared to 3% of the young women who reported higher levels of social support. Among non-black women, those who reported low social support had nearly seven times the odds of an undesired pregnancy as compared to women who reported higher social support (aOR: 6.8, 95%CI: 1.7, 27.1). We found no association between social support and undesired pregnancy among young black women. Contraceptive method use differed by social support at baseline, and throughout follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Low social support - defined as the feeling of not having anyone to turn to - may be a risk factor for persistently high levels of undesired pregnancy among young women in the U.S. This association may be driven by differences in contraceptive use by level of social support. IMPLICATIONS Interventions to increase young women's perceptions of social support may reduce the risk of undesired pregnancy for some individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Moseson
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16(th) Street, 2(nd) floor, San Francisco, CA, USA 94158.
| | - Christine Dehlendorf
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16(th) Street, 2(nd) floor, San Francisco, CA, USA 94158; Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Ave, MUE3, San Francisco, CA, USA 94143.
| | - Caitlin Gerdts
- Ibis Reproductive Health, 1330 Broadway St, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA, USA 94612.
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16(th) Street, 2(nd) floor, San Francisco, CA, USA 94158.
| | - Robert A Hiatt
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16(th) Street, 2(nd) floor, San Francisco, CA, USA 94158.
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Department of Sociology and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 500 S State Street, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gostelow N, Barber J, Gishen F, Berlin A. Flipping social determinants on its head: Medical student perspectives on the flipped classroom and simulated patients to teach social determinants of health. Med Teach 2018; 40:728-735. [PMID: 29457923 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2018.1436757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inequalities in healthcare are increasing. Engaging medical students to tackle this urgent challenge alongside clinical sciences can be demanding. This study examines medical student perceptions of a flipped approach to health inequalities co-designed by faculty and sixth-year students. INNOVATION A flipped learning session was piloted for year 4 medical students combining an online lesson followed by a tutorial with a simulated patient. METHODS A mixed-methods approach collected questionnaire data using 4-point Likert scales and free text answers. A semi-structured group interview was conducted with six voluntary participants. RESULTS Two hundred and eighty-nine students completed questionnaires. 85% (n = 246) completed the online lesson. Students agreed the session helped their understanding of key concepts (mean 3.2), was improved by having an actor (mean = 3.6), and was enjoyable (mean = 3.2). Thematic analysis of qualitative questionnaire and interview data revealed three themes: engagement; structure; and attitudes towards social determinants of health. The simulation increased clinical relevance and students gained understanding of the impact of health inequalities upon individuals. CONCLUSIONS This paper indicates flipped learning can increase clinical relevance and engagement in population health and person-centered care. Further work could assess changes in practice and attitudes of future doctors in tackling such global health challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Gostelow
- a Medical School , University College London Medical School , London , UK
| | - J Barber
- b Department of Primary Care and Population Health , University College London , London , UK
| | - F Gishen
- c University College London Medical School , London , UK
| | - A Berlin
- c University College London Medical School , London , UK
- d Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry , Queen Mary's University , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barber J, Marles RJ. Regulation of Supplemented Foods in Canada: Challenges and Evidence Gaps. Am J Transl Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1644936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Barber
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - RJ Marles
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hayes H, Barber J, Dembo L, Lam K, Shah A, Dias P, Lambert J, Larbalestier R, Baumwol. J. The World’s Longest-Supported HeartWare TM Ventricular Assist Device Patient 10 Years & Counting: The Western Australian Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
17
|
Asokendaran M, AL-Ogaili Z, Njue F, Barber J, Hayes H, Lam K. The Role of Gallium Scans in the Diagnosis of Clinically Suspected Left Ventricular Assist Device Infections in Western Australia. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
18
|
Njue F, Collins K, Hayes H, Barber J, Lam K. Neurohormonal Blockade with Sacubitril/Valsartan in Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
19
|
Cooper C, Rapaport P, Robertson S, Marston L, Barber J, Manela M, Livingston G. Relationship between speaking English as a second language and agitation in people with dementia living in care homes: Results from the MARQUE (Managing Agitation and Raising Quality of life) English national care home survey. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:504-509. [PMID: 28971511 PMCID: PMC5836957 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As not speaking English as a first language may lead to increased difficulties in communication with staff and other residents, we (1) tested our primary hypotheses that care home residents with dementia speaking English as a second language experience more agitation and overall neuropsychiatric symptoms, and (2) explored qualitatively how staff consider that residents' language, ethnicity, and culture might impact on how they manage agitation. METHODS We interviewed staff, residents with dementia, and their family carers from 86 care homes (2014-2015) about resident's neuropsychiatric symptoms, agitation, life quality, and dementia severity. We qualitatively interviewed 25 staff. RESULTS Seventy-one out of 1420 (5%) of care home residents with dementia interviewed spoke English as a second language. After controlling for dementia severity, age, and sex, and accounting for care home and staff proxy clustering, speaking English as a second language compared with as a first language was associated with significantly higher Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (adjusted difference in means 8.3, 95% confidence interval 4.1 to 12.5) and Neuropsychiatric inventory scores (4.1, 0.65 to 7.5). Staff narratives described how linguistic and culturally isolating being in a care home where no residents or staff share your culture or language could be for people with dementia, and how this sometimes caused or worsened agitation. CONCLUSIONS Considering a person with dementia's need to be understood when selecting a care home and developing technology resources to enable dementia-friendly translation services could be important strategies for reducing distress of people with dementia from minority ethnic groups who live in care homes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Cooper
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - P. Rapaport
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | | | - L. Marston
- UCL Department of Statistical ScienceGower StreetLondonUK
| | - J. Barber
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health and Priment Clinical Trials UnitUK
| | - M. Manela
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - G. Livingston
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of PsychiatryLondonUK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee F, Njue F, Lambert J, Parle N, Barber J, Baumwol J, Shah A, Dembo L. Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Insights from an Australian Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Service. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
21
|
Wagholikar V, Zhuang H, Jiao Y, Moe N, Ramanan H, Goh L, Barber J, Lee K, Lee H, Fuh J. Modeling cell pair resistance and spacer shadow factors in electro-separation processes. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
22
|
Weitzman A, Barber J, Kusunoki Y, England P. Desire for and to Avoid Pregnancy during the Transition to Adulthood. J Marriage Fam 2017; 79:1060-1075. [PMID: 29576656 PMCID: PMC5860851 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Unintended pregnancies disproportionately occur among teenage women, yet little is known about the determinants of pregnancy desire among this group. We use a comprehensive baseline survey and weekly data on pregnancy desires to investigate which unmarried 18-20 year-old women want a pregnancy, want to avoid pregnancy, and report consistent pregnancy desire and disinclination. Variables that positively predict pregnancy desire generally negatively predict desire to avoid pregnancy. While most young women have no desire and strong disinclination in most weeks, childhood receipt of public assistance is a strong predictor of wanting pregnancy and not wanting to avoid it. Comparing nested models suggests that the effects of childhood disadvantage operate through social environments where early pregnancy is less stigmatized. Young women in serious relationships, who are depressed, and who are not pursuing post-secondary education have more desire for pregnancy and less disinclination, but little of childhood disadvantage is mediated by these factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Weitzman
- Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23 St, A1700, CLA 3.306, Austin, TX 78712-1086,
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, 4116 LSA Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48104,
| | - Yasamin Kusunoki
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Building Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5482,
| | - Paula England
- Department of Sociology, New York University, 295 Lafayette St., 4 Floor, New York, NY 10012,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hartmann C, Minor L, Terkildsen S, Barber J, Shaughnessy M. ALL TOGETHER NOW: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER INSIGHTS ON INTEGRATING QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN A LARGE SYSTEM. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C.W. Hartmann
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Bedford VA Medical Center, Bedford, Massachusetts,
- Boston University School of Public Health,
Boston, Massachusetts,
| | - L. Minor
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Operations, Washington, District of Columbia,
| | - S.R. Terkildsen
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Operations, Washington, District of Columbia,
| | - J. Barber
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Operations, Washington, District of Columbia,
| | - M. Shaughnessy
- Office of Geriatrics and Extended Care Policy, Washington, District of Columbia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Birtle A, Barber J. Ten Years on the Juggernaut Keeps on Rolling: Comments on the STAMPEDE Trial from the Front Line. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2016; 28:547-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Barber J, Kusunoki Y, Gatny H, Schulz P. Participation in an Intensive Longitudinal Study with Weekly Web Surveys Over 2.5 Years. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e105. [PMID: 27338859 PMCID: PMC4937177 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technological advances have made it easier for researchers to collect more frequent longitudinal data from survey respondents via personal computers, smartphones, and other mobile devices. Although technology has led to an increase in data-intensive longitudinal studies, little is known about attrition from such studies or the differences between respondents who complete frequently administered surveys in a timely manner, and respondents who do not. OBJECTIVE We examined respondent characteristics and behaviors associated with continued and on-time participation in a population-based intensive longitudinal study, using weekly web-based survey interviews over an extended period. METHODS We analyzed data from the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life study, an intensive longitudinal study that collected weekly web-based survey interviews for 2.5 years from 1003 18- and 19-year-olds to investigate factors shaping the dynamics of their sexual behavior, contraceptive use, and pregnancies. RESULTS Ordinary least squares and logistic regression analyses showed background respondent characteristics measured at baseline were associated with the number of days respondents remained enrolled in the study, the number of interviews they completed, and the odds that they were late completing interviews. In addition, we found that changes in pregnancy-related behaviors reported in the weekly interviews were associated with late completion of interviews. Specifically, after controlling for sociodemographic, personality, contact information, and prior experience variables, we found that weekly reports such as starting to have sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI 1.03-1.32, P=.01), getting a new partner (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.53-2.03, P<.001), stopping the use of contraception (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.10-1.49, P=.001), and having a new pregnancy (OR 5.57, 95% CI 4.26-7.29, P<.001) were significantly associated with late survey completion. However, young women who reported changes in pregnancy-related behaviors also had lower levels of study attrition, and completed more interviews overall, than did their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS We found that measures of participation in a longitudinal study with weekly web surveys varied not only by respondent characteristics, but also by behaviors measured across the surveys. Our analyses suggest that respondents who experience the behaviors measured by the study may maintain higher participation levels than respondents who do not experience those behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Barber
- Institute for Social Research, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Barber J, Vial P. SU-F-T-296: Modulated Therapy Down Under: A Survey of IMRT & VMAT Physics Practice in Australia and New Zealand. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
27
|
Tanguay JS, Catlow C, Smith C, Barber J, Staffurth J, Kumar S, Palaniappan N, Button M, Mason MD. High Risk of Neutropenia for Hormone-naive Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving STAMPEDE-style Upfront Docetaxel Chemotherapy in Usual Clinical Practice. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2016; 28:611. [PMID: 27131755 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C Smith
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Barber
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - S Kumar
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - M Button
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Elmorsi Y, Barber J, Rostami-Hodjegan A. Ontogeny of Hepatic Drug Transporters and Relevance to Drugs Used in Pediatrics. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 44:992-8. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.067801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
29
|
Barber J, Sykes J, Holloway L, Thwaites D. SU-E-J-29: Automatic Image Registration Performance of Three IGRT Systems for Prostate Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
30
|
Barber J, McKeever TM, McDowell SE, Clayton JA, Ferner RE, Gordon RD, Stowasser M, O'Shaughnessy KM, Hall IP, Glover M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of thiazide-induced hyponatraemia: time to reconsider electrolyte monitoring regimens after thiazide initiation? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 79:566-77. [PMID: 25139696 PMCID: PMC4386942 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hyponatraemia is one of the major adverse effects of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics and the leading cause of drug-induced hyponatraemia requiring hospital admission. We sought to review and analyze all published cases of this important condition. METHODS Ovid Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PubMed electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant articles published before October 2013. A proportions meta-analysis was undertaken. RESULTS One hundred and two articles were identified of which 49 were single patient case reports. Meta-analysis showed that mean age was 75 (95% CI 73, 77) years, 79% were women (95% CI 74, 82) and mean body mass index was 25 (95% CI 20, 30) kg m(-2) . Presentation with thiazide-induced hyponatraemia occurred a mean of 19 (95% CI 8, 30) days after starting treatment, with mean trough serum sodium concentration of 116 (95% CI 113, 120) mm and serum potassium of 3.3 (95% CI 3.0, 3.5) mm. Mean urinary sodium concentration was 64 mm (95% CI 47, 81). The most frequently reported drugs were hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide and bendroflumethiazide. CONCLUSIONS Patients with thiazide-induced hyponatraemia were characterized by advanced age, female gender, inappropriate saliuresis and mild hypokalaemia. Low BMI was not found to be a significant risk factor, despite previous suggestions. The time from thiazide initiation to presentation with hyponatraemia suggests that the recommended practice of performing a single investigation of serum biochemistry 7-14 days after thiazide initiation may be insufficient or suboptimal. Further larger and more systematic studies of thiazide-induced hyponatraemia are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Barber
- Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, University of NottinghamNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Tricia M McKeever
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of NottinghamNottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Sarah E McDowell
- West Midlands Centre for Adverse Drug Reactions, City HospitalBirmingham, B18 7QH, UK
| | - Jennifer A Clayton
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Robin E Ferner
- West Midlands Centre for Adverse Drug Reactions, City HospitalBirmingham, B18 7QH, UK
| | - Richard D Gordon
- Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre, University of Queensland School of MedicineBrisbane, Australia
| | - Michael Stowasser
- Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre, University of Queensland School of MedicineBrisbane, Australia
| | - Kevin M O'Shaughnessy
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of CambridgeCambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, University of NottinghamNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Mark Glover
- Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, University of NottinghamNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Barber J, Pallister C, Avery A, Lavin J. Investigating motivations for weight loss and benefits of attending a commercial weight management organisation post-natally. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
Jensen H, Bertelsen A, Brink C, Barber J, Thwaites D, Hansen C. PO-0862: Flattening filter free beam used for normal fractionated treatments. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
33
|
Hall KS, Kusunoki Y, Gatny H, Barber J. Social discrimination, stress, and risk of unintended pregnancy among young women. J Adolesc Health 2015; 56:330-7. [PMID: 25586228 PMCID: PMC4339533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prior research linking young women's mental health to family planning outcomes has often failed to consider their social circumstances and the intersecting biosocial mechanisms that shape stress and depression as well as reproductive outcomes during adolescence and young adulthood. We extend our previous work to investigate relationships between social discrimination, stress and depression symptoms, and unintended pregnancy among adolescent and young adult women. METHODS Data were drawn from 794 women aged 18-20 years in a longitudinal cohort study. Baseline and weekly surveys assessed psychosocial information including discrimination (Everyday Discrimination Scale), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale), and reproductive outcomes. Multilevel, mixed-effects logistic regression and discrete-time hazard models estimated associations between discrimination, mental health, and pregnancy. Baron and Kenny's method was used to test mediation effects of stress and depression on discrimination and pregnancy. RESULTS The mean discrimination score was 19/45 points; 20% reported moderate/high discrimination. Discrimination scores were higher among women with stress and depression symptoms versus those without symptoms (21 vs. 18 points for both, p < .001). Pregnancy rates (14% overall) were higher among women with moderate/high (23%) versus low (11%) discrimination (p < .001). Discrimination was associated with stress (adjusted relative risk ratio, [aRR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-3.4), depression (aRR, 2.4; CI, 1.5-3.7), and subsequent pregnancy (aRR, 1.8; CI, 1.1-3.0). Stress and depression symptoms did not mediate discrimination's effect on pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Discrimination was associated with an increased risk of mental health symptoms and unintended pregnancy among these young women. The interactive social and biological influences on reproductive outcomes during adolescence and young adulthood warrant further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelli Stidham Hall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Social Research, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Yasamin Kusunoki
- Institute for Social Research, Population Studies and Survey, Research Centers, University of Michigan
| | - Heather Gatny
- Institute for Social Research, Population Studies and Survey, Research Centers, University of Michigan
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Department of Sociology; Institute for Social Research, Population Studies and Survey Research Centers, University of Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hansen CR, Sykes JR, Barber J, West K, Bromley R, Szymura K, Fisher S, Sim J, Bailey M, Chrystal D, Deshpande S, Franji I, Nielsen TB, Brink C, Thwaites DI. Multicentre knowledge sharing and planning/dose audit on flattening filter free beams for SBRT lung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/573/1/012018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
35
|
Hegi-Johnson F, Kipritidis J, Barber J, West K, Unicomb K, Bui C, Yegiaian-Alvandi R, Keall P. Can 4D-CT Ventilation Imaging Replace Technegas V-SPECT for Functionally Adaptive Radiation Therapy? First Results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
36
|
Hall K, Kusunoki Y, Gatny H, Barber J. Social discrimination, mental health and unintended pregnancy among young women. Contraception 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.05.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
37
|
Kusunoki Y, Barber J, Gatny H, Melendez R. Intimate partner violence and contraceptive behaviors among young women. Contraception 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.05.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
38
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have previously documented the relationships between stress and depression symptoms and adolescent women's nonuse and misuse of condoms and other contraceptive methods and on their unintended pregnancy rates. AIM Here, we examine relationships between mental health symptoms and another understudied adolescent reproductive health behavior-frequency of sexual intercourse. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Our outcome was weekly sexual intercourse activity. METHODS We used panel data from a longitudinal, population-based cohort study of 992 women ages 18-20. Weekly journals measured sociodemographic, relationship, reproductive, and mental health characteristics, sexual and contraceptive behaviors, and pregnancy history. We examined 27,130 surveys from 952 women during the first study year. Predictors of weekly sexual intercourse were moderate to severe stress (Perceived Stress Scale-4) and depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-5) symptoms measured at baseline. Multilevel, mixed-effects logistic regression models estimated the relationships between stress and depression symptoms and the weekly odds of sexual intercourse while adjusting for covariate fixed effects and random woman effects. RESULTS Nearly a quarter of the sample had moderate to severe stress (23%) and depression (24%) symptoms at baseline. Women reported sexual intercourse in 36% of weeks. Proportions of sexually active weeks were higher among women with stress (43%) and depression (40%) compared with those without symptoms (35% and 35%, respectively; P values<0.001). Controlling for covariates, women with baseline stress symptoms had 1.6 times higher weekly odds of sexual intercourse compared with women without stress (adjusted odds ratio 1.6, confidence interval [1.1, 2.5]; P=0.04). Depression symptoms were not associated with sexual intercourse frequency in adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Stress symptoms were positively associated with sexual intercourse frequency among these young women. Research and practice efforts are needed to identify effective sexual health promotion and risk-reduction strategies, including contraceptive education and counseling, in the context of mental health symptoms and unintended pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelli Stidham Hall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Institute for Social Research, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan L4000 Women's Hospital, 1500 East Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Yasamin Kusunoki
- Institute for Social Research, Population Studies and Survey Research Centers, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Heather Gatny
- Institute for Social Research, Population Studies and Survey Research Centers, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Department of Sociology; Research Professor, Institute for Social Research Population Studies and Survey Research Centers, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Giardi MT, Barber J, Giardina MC, Bassi R. Studies on the Herbicide Binding Site in Isolated Photosystem II Core Complexes from a Flat-Bed Isoelectrofocusing Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-1990-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Isoelectrofocusing has been used to separate various chlorophyll-protein complexes of photosystem two (PS II). Light-harvesting complexes containing chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b (LHC II) were located in bands having p/s in the region of 4.5. At slightly higher pH other light-harvesting complexes containing little or no chlorophyll b were found. In the most basic region of the isoelectrofocusing gel, were located PS II core complexes characterized by containing the proteins of CP47, CP43, D 1, D 2 and α-subunit of cytochrome b559. The number of PS II core bands depended on the particular conditions employed for the separation procedure and in some cases were contaminated by CP 29. It is suggested that this heterogeneity resulting from different protonation states of the PS II.
The least-acidic PS II core complex (pI 5.5) was found to bind the herbicides atrazine, diuron and dinoseb. In contrast, a PS II core complex with a p / of 4.9 bound only diuron. Its inability to bind atrazine was shown to be due to the low pH but no such explanation could be found for dinoseb.
When atrazine-resistant mutant Senecio vulgaris was used, no binding of radioactive atra zine was observed with the PS II cores having a p i of 5.5. It is therefore suggested that the normal atrazine binding observed with PS II cores involves the high affinity site detected with intact membranes. With the PS II cores, however, this site has a reduced affinity probably due to structural modification in the D 1-polypeptide resulting from the isolation procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Giardi
- Istituto di Radiobiochimica ed Ecofisiologia Vegetali del CNR , Via Salaria Km. 29300, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - J. Barber
- AFRC Photosynthesis Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, London SW7 2 A Y , U.K
| | - M. C. Giardina
- Istituto di Radiobiochimica ed Ecofisiologia Vegetali del CNR , Via Salaria Km. 29300, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - R. Bassi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Via Trieste 75, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Brody SS, Barber J, Tredwell C, Beddard G. Effects of Linolenic Acid on the Spectral Properties and Picosecond Fluorescence of Pea Chloroplasts. Z NATURFORSCH C 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-1981-11-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Linolenic acid induces changes in the absorption spectrum and in the picosecond fluorescence of pea chloroplasts. The effects of linolenic acid are dependent on concentration and time.
Linolenic acid increases the fluorescence life time of chloroplasts at room temperature. The contribution of the slow fluorescence component relative to the fast component is increased almost 10 fold in the presence of 0.5 mᴍ linolenic acid. The synergistic action of digitonin and linolenic acid increases the ratio of “closed” to “open” traps in the photosynthetic units.
Upon addition of 0.5 mᴍ linolenic acid there are increases in absorbance at 676 and 436 nm, and decreases in absorbance at 705 and 496 nm. Some of the spectral changes have a biphasic character, they reach a maxi um um after about 30 min then start to reverse. Based on the spectral changes at 496 and 705 nm it appears that linolenic acid has at least two effects, i.e. it modifies the thylakoid membrane and secondarily decreases the concentration of P700, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Brody
- New York University, Department of Biology, Washington Square, New York, NY 10003
| | - J. Barber
- Imperial College, Department of Botany, London, SW 7
| | - C. Tredwell
- The Royal Institution, 21 Albemarle Street, London, W1X 4BS
| | - G. Beddard
- The Royal Institution, 21 Albemarle Street, London, W1X 4BS
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Critoph C, Lam K, Baumwol J, Dembo L, Shah A, Hayes H, Barber J, Larbalestier R, Chih S. Pulmonary Vasodilators Early and in High Dose Improve Outcomes and Reduce Right Ventricular Failure After Left Ventricular Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
42
|
Hansen C, Sykes J, Barber J, Bromley R, Fisher S, Bailey M, Brink C, Thwaites D. PD-0410: Multi centre planning study on flattening filter free beams for SBRT lung cancer treatment. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
43
|
Thwaites D, Hansen C, Kafrouni M, Caloz M, Leturgie Q, Corde S, Downes S, Barber J, Sykes J, Juneja P, Lehmann J. Pilot dose intercomparisons of 3D and 4D advanced lung radiotherapy. Phys Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
44
|
|
45
|
Nicholson S, Hall E, Harland SJ, Chester JD, Pickering L, Barber J, Elliott T, Thomson A, Burnett S, Cruickshank C, Carrington B, Waters R, Bahl A. Phase II trial of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5FU chemotherapy in locally advanced and metastatic penis cancer (CRUK/09/001). Br J Cancer 2013; 109:2554-9. [PMID: 24169355 PMCID: PMC3833214 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penis cancer is rare and clinical trial evidence on which to base treatment decisions is limited. Case reports suggest that the combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-flurouracil (TPF) is highly active in this disease. METHODS Twenty-nine patients with locally advanced or metastatic squamous carcinoma of the penis were recruited into a single-arm phase II trial from nine UK centres. Up to three cycles of chemotherapy were received (docetaxel 75 mg m(-2) day 1, cisplatin 60 mg m(-2) day 1, 5-flurouracil 750 mg m(-2) per day days 1-5, repeated every 3 weeks). Primary outcome was objective response (assessed by RECIST). Fourteen or more responses in 26 evaluable patients were required to confirm a response rate of 60% or higher (Fleming-A'Hern design), warranting further evaluation. Secondary endpoints included toxicity and survival. RESULTS 10/26 evaluable patients (38.5%, 95% CI: 20.2-59.4) achieved an objective response. Two patients with locally advanced disease achieved radiological complete remission. 65.5% of patients experienced at least one grade 3/4 adverse event. CONCLUSION Docetaxel, cisplatin and 5FU did not reach the pre-determined threshold for further research and caused significant toxicity. Our results do not support the routine use of TPF. The observed complete responses support further investigation of combination chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Nicholson
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Medical Oncology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, UK
| | - E Hall
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials & Statistics Unit, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - S J Harland
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHSFT, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
| | - J D Chester
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds and St. James's Institute of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - L Pickering
- Department of Oncology, St. Georges Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - J Barber
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Velindre Hospital, Velindre Road, Whitchurch, Cardiff CF14 2TL, UK
| | - T Elliott
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - A Thomson
- Department of Oncology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, London Road, Treliske, Truro TR1 3LJ, UK
| | - S Burnett
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials & Statistics Unit, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - C Cruickshank
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials & Statistics Unit, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - B Carrington
- Department of Diagnostic Radiotherapy, The Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - R Waters
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials & Statistics Unit, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - A Bahl
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Horfield Road, Bristol BS2 8ED, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Stidham Hall K, Moreau C, Trussell J, Barber J. Young women's consistency of contraceptive use--does depression or stress matter? Contraception 2013; 88:641-9. [PMID: 23850075 PMCID: PMC3796023 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We prospectively examined the influence of young women's depression and stress symptoms on their weekly consistency of contraceptive method use. STUDY DESIGN Women ages 18-20 years (n = 689) participating in a longitudinal cohort study completed weekly journals assessing reproductive, relationship and health characteristics. We used data through 12 months of follow-up (n = 8877 journals) to examine relationships between baseline depression (CES-D) and stress (PSS-10) symptoms and consistency of contraceptive methods use with sexual activity each week. We analyzed data with random effects multivarible logistic regression. RESULTS Consistent contraceptive use (72% of weeks) was 10-15 percentage points lower among women with moderate/severe baseline depression and stress symptoms than those without symptoms (p < .001). Controlling for covariates, women with depression and stress symptoms had 47% and 69% reduced odds of contraceptive consistency each week than those without symptoms, respectively (OR 0.53, CI 0.31-0.91 and OR 0.31, CI 0.18-0.52). Stress predicted inconsistent use of oral contraceptives (OR 0.27, CI 0.12-0.58), condoms (OR 0.40, CI 0.23-0.69) and withdrawal (OR 0.12, CI 0.03-0.50). CONCLUSION Women with depression and stress symptoms appear to be at increased risk for user-related contraceptive failures, especially for the most commonly used methods. IMPLICATIONS Our study has shown that young women with elevated depression and stress symptoms appear to be at risk for inconsistent contraceptive use patterns, especially for the most common methods that require greater user effort and diligence. Based upon these findings, clinicians should consider women's psychological and emotional status when helping patients with contraceptive decision-making and management. User-dependent contraceptive method efficacy is important to address in education and counseling sessions, and women with stress or depression may be ideal candidates for long-acting reversible methods, which offer highly effective options with less user-related burden. Ongoing research will provide a greater understanding of how young women's dynamic mental health symptoms impact family planning behaviors and outcomes over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelli Stidham Hall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, L4000 Women's Hospital, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Childers M, Joubert R, Poulard K, Holder M, Grange R, Doering J, Lawlor M, Moal C, Jamet T, Danièle N, Martin C, Rivière C, Poppante K, Soker T, Hammer C, Van Wittenberghe L, Guan X, Goddard M, Mitchell E, Barber J, Furth M, Vignaud A, Masurier C, Moullier P, Beggs A, Buj-Bello A. P.4.3 Intravenous infusion of AAV8–MTM1 prolongs life and ameliorates severe muscle pathology in mouse and dog models of X-linked myotubular myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
48
|
Podurgiel S, Nunes E, Yohn S, Barber J, Thompson A, Milligan M, Lee C, López-Cruz L, Pardo M, Valverde O, Lendent C, Baqi Y, Müller C, Correa M, Salamone J. The vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT-2) inhibitor tetrabenazine induces tremulous jaw movements in rodents: Implications for pharmacological models of parkinsonian tremor. Neuroscience 2013; 250:507-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
49
|
Barber J, Rumsby E, Parker S, Mohebati L, Venables S, Lawson K, Scanlon T, Memon A. OP02 Women’s Views on Smoking Cessation Services and National Tobacco Control Measures. Br J Soc Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2013-203126.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
50
|
Barber J, Rumsby E, Parker S, Mohebati L, Venables S, Lawson K, Scanlon T, Memon A. PP75 What Factors are Important in Smoking Cessation and Relapse in Women from Deprived Communities? – A Qualitative Study. Br J Soc Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2013-203126.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|