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Chen JQ, Wang JW. [Imaging characteristics and diagnosis of primary middle mediastinal tumors]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2024; 46:449-456. [PMID: 38742358 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230903-00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the proportion of different histological types and CT enhanced imaging features of primary middle mediastinal lesions in order to improve the understanding of these tumors and the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 84 patients with primary middle mediastinal lesions and clear histological classifications diagnosed and treated at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2012 to December 2022. Clinical, imaging, and pathological data were collected and classified according to tumor histological classifications. CT imaging manifestations such as tumor location, size, morphology, edge, boundary, internal components, enhancement characteristics, and surrounding tissue invasion were evaluated and recorded. Results: The histological types of the primary middle mediastinal lesions from the 84 patients included mesenchymal tumors, anterior intestinal cysts, giant lymph node hyperplasia, substernal goiter, neuroendocrine carcinoma, lymphohematopoietic system tumors, and mesothelioma, accounting for 28.6%, 27.4%, 14.3%, 3.6%, 11.9%, 9.5%, and 4.8%, respectively. Mesenchymal tumors included peripheral nerve sheath tumors, vascular tumors, adipogenic tumors, solitary fibrous tumors, and synovial sarcoma, accounting for 54.2%, 20.8%, 12.5%, 8.3%, and 4.2%, respectively. The above tumors had diverse imaging manifestations and specific imaging features. Mature fat were found in 3 cases of liposarcoma; Calcification was observed in 2 cases of thyroid nodules and 7 cases of giant lymph node hyperplasia; Enhanced scanning showed significant enhancement in 2 cases of solitary fibrous tumors, 3 cases of thyroid nodules, and 11 cases of giant lymph node hyperplasia; Mediastinal large lymph nodes was observed in 6 cases of lymphoma and 3 cases of mesothelioma; High invasiveness was observed in 4 cases of mesothelioma and 9 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma. Conclusion: Mediastinal tumors have low incidence rate and rich histological types, and their imaging manifestations are diverse. Preoperative differential diagnosis can be made according to their specific imaging characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021
| | - J W Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021
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Liang H, Wu KQ, Fan QW, Zheng W, Zhang H, Bai JW, Li JM, Chen JQ, Zhang C. [Application value of laparoscopic double stapler firings and double stapling technique combined with rectal eversion and total extra-abdominal resection in the sphincter-preserving resection of low rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 27:283-286. [PMID: 38532592 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230806-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the application value of laparoscopic double stapler firings and double stapling technique combined with rectal eversion and total extra-abdominal resection (LDER) in the anal preservation treatment of low rectal cancer. Methods: Inclusion criteria: (1) age was 18-70; (2) the distance of the lower tumor edge from the anal verge was 4-5 cm; (3) primary tumor with a diameter ≤3 cm; (4) preoperative staging of T1~2N1~2M0; (5) "difficult pelvis", defined as ischial tuberosity diameter<10 cm or body mass index>25 kg/m2; (6) patients with strong intention for sphincter preservation; (7) no preoperative treatment (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, or immunotherapy); (8) no lateral lymph node enlargement; (9) no previous anorectal surgery; (10) patients with good basic condition who could tolerate surgery. Exclusion criteria: (1) previously suffered from malignant tumors of the digestive tract or currently suffering from malignant tumors out of the digestive tract; (2) patients with preoperative anal dysfunction (Wexner score ≥ 10), or fecal incontinence. The specific surgical steps are as follows: the distal end of the rectum was dissected to the level of the interspace between internal and external sphincters of anal canal. Five centimeters proximal to the tumor, the mesorectum was ligated, and a liner stapler was used to transect the rectum. The distal rectum with the tumor were then everted and extracted through the anus. The rectum was transected 0.5-1.0 cm distal to the tumor with a linear stapler. Full thickness suture was used to reinforce the stump of the rectum, which was then brought back into the pelvic cavity. Finally, an end-to-end anastomosis between the colon and the rectum was performed. A retrospective descriptive study was performed of the clinical and pathological data of 12 patients with T1-T2 stage low rectal cancer treated with LDER at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. Results: All 12 patients successfully completed LDER with sphincter preservation, without conversion to open surgery or changes in surgical approach. The median surgical time was 272 (155-320) minutes, with a median bleeding volume of 100 (50-200) mL. No protective stoma was performed, and all patients received R0 resection. The average hospital stay was 9 (7-15) days. There were no postoperative anastomotic leakage or perioperative deaths. All 12 patients received postoperative follow-up, with a median follow-up of 12 months (6-36 months) and a Wexner score of 8 (5-14) at 6 months postoperatively. There was no tumor recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up period. Conclusions: LDER is safe and effective for the treatment of low rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - K Q Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Q W Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - W Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - J W Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - J M Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
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Zeng LT, Chen JQ, Zhao JJ, Jiang ZQ, Hu FL, Xu XF. [Study on optimization of image processing parameters of pneumoconiosis by DR]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:897-900. [PMID: 38195224 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220829-00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of different post-processing parameters of digital radiography (DR) on the quality of chest X-ray for pneumoconiosis diagnosis, and to provide suggestions on parameter setting suitable for this kind of DR machine. Methods: From January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022, the chest films of 35 workers in the department of radiology of Hangzhou occupational disease prevention and treatment hospital were randomly selected and printed after setting different image post-processing parameters. The quality of chest film was evaluated by the measurement of optical densitometer and the combination of subjective and objective by professional physicians. Results: When the density is set to 2 and the contrast/detail contrast is 4.5, the optical density of each area of DR chest film meets the requirements of chest X-ray quality, and the qualified rate of physician quality evaluation is the highest. Conclusion: Reasonable setting of image post-processing parameters can improve the quality of chest radiograph.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Zeng
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - J Q Chen
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - J J Zhao
- Image Department of Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Z Q Jiang
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - F L Hu
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - X F Xu
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310012, China
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Cohn H, Bloom N, Cai G, Clark JJ, Tarke A, Bermúdez-González MC, Altman DR, Lugo LA, Lobo FP, Marquez S, Chen JQ, Ren W, Qin L, Yates JL, Hunt DT, Lee WT, Crotty S, Krammer F, Grifoni A, Sette A, Simon V, Coelho CH. Mpox vaccine and infection-driven human immune signatures: an immunological analysis of an observational study. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:1302-1312. [PMID: 37475115 PMCID: PMC10826035 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox virus has recently infected more than 88 000 people, raising concerns about our preparedness against this emerging viral pathogen. Licensed and approved for mpox, the JYNNEOS vaccine has fewer side-effects than previous smallpox vaccines and has shown immunogenicity against monkeypox in animal models. This study aims to elucidate human immune responses to JYNNEOS vaccination compared with mpox-induced immunity. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera were obtained from ten individuals vaccinated with one or two doses of JYNNEOS and six individuals diagnosed with monkeypox virus infection. Samples were obtained from seven individuals before vaccination to serve as a baseline. We examined the polyclonal serum (ELISA) and single B-cell (heavy chain gene and transcriptome data) antibody repertoires and T-cell responses (activation-induced marker and intracellular cytokine staining assays) induced by the JYNNEOS vaccine versus monkeypox virus infection. FINDINGS All participants were men between the ages of 21 and 60 years, except for one woman in the group of mpox-convalescent individuals, and none had previous orthopoxvirus exposure. All mpox cases were mild. Vaccinee samples were collected 6-33 days after the first dose and 5-40 days after the second dose. Mpox-convalescent samples were collected 20-102 days after infection. In vaccine recipients, gene-level plasmablast and antibody responses were negligible and sera displayed moderate binding to recombinant orthopoxviral proteins (A29L, A35R, E8L, A30L, A27L, A33R, B18R, and L1R) and native proteins from the 2022 monkeypox outbreak strain. By contrast, recent monkeypox virus infection (within 20-102 days) induced robust serum antibody responses to monkeypox virus proteins and to native monkeypox virus proteins from a viral isolate obtained during the 2022 outbreak. JYNNEOS vaccine recipients presented robust orthopoxviral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. INTERPRETATION Infection with monkeypox virus resulted in robust B-cell and T-cell responses, whereas immunisation with JYNNEOS elicited more robust T-cell responses. These data can help to inform vaccine design and policies for preventing mpox in humans. FUNDING National Cancer Institute (National Institutes of Health), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (National Institutes of Health), and Icahn School of Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallie Cohn
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathaniel Bloom
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gianna Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordan J. Clark
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison Tarke
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maria C. Bermúdez-González
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Deena R. Altman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luz Amarilis Lugo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francisco Pereira Lobo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Susanna Marquez
- Doctoral Program in Design, Manufacture, and Management of Industrial Projects, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - PVI study group
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer L. Yates
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Health, The University at Albany, Albany, NY
| | - Danielle T. Hunt
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - William T. Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Health, The University at Albany, Albany, NY
| | - Shane Crotty
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camila H. Coelho
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Ren Y, Li GH, Yu M, Yang D, Feng LF, Chen JQ. [Expression analysis of inflammatory factors in artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis patients]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:837-840. [PMID: 37935550 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220517-00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing. Methods: In January 2022, 10 patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis and 20 patients with common silicosis who were hospitalized and diagnosed in a hospital at Zhejiang Province from June 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as the research objects, and 30 healthy people were selected as the control group during the same period. Plasma of all subjects and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of all patients were collected. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were analyzed. Results: The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the plasma of patients with silicosis were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the plasma of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing were higher than those of common silicosis patients (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in plasma of artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis patients were higher than those of common silicosis patients at the same silicon stage (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing was higher than that of patients with common silicosis (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing are higher than those in patients with common silicosis, which may be related to dust components they are exposed to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ren
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - G H Li
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - M Yu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - D Yang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - L F Feng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - J Q Chen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou 310013, China
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Chen S, Wang XM, Wu F, Huang C, Gao TT, Zhang ZW, Chen JQ, Zheng B, Wang Y, Xu Y, Zhao L, Yang Y. Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus in a Large Multicenter Cohort: Prognostic Factors and Treatment Strategies in the Modern Era. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e286-e287. [PMID: 37785063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Primary small cell carcinoma of esophageal (PSCCE) is a rare malignancy with aggressive behavior associated with a perceived poor prognosis. Due to its rarity, the clinical characteristics and the optimal clinical management have not yet been defined, therefore, we designed a multicenter retrospective study to analyze the prognostic factors and the impact of treatment on the prognosis of PSCCE patients. MATERIALS/METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 704 consecutive patients with PSCCE from five participating centers between April 2008 and July 2021. The PSCCE was diagnosed based on the World Health Organization classification. Treatment strategies included surgery, radiotherapy (RT), or chemotherapy only, and combination of 2-3 treatment modalities (surgery, RT and chemotherapy). The estimated hazard rates provide the trajectory of progression and death overtime. Univariate survival analysis was conducted by using Kaplan-Meier plots, and the log-rank test was used to compare survival differences. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. RESULTS Overall, 69.0% (486/704) of the patients were male, with a median age of 63 years (range 38-96). Most of the patients were regional lymph node positive (N+, 64.0%), and nearly half with advanced stage (M+, 47.2%). With a median follow-up time of 16 months, 472 patients (67.0%) exhibited disease progression and 429 patients (60.9%) died. Following initial treatment, 85.1% (402/472) of progression/death and 80.1% (344/429) of mortalities occurred within 24 months. Consistently, the maximum annual death and progression/death hazards are highest in the 15.6 months and 9.6 months. The overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3 and 5 years for all patients were 65.1%, 26.5% and 18.3%, respectively. Univariate survival analysis showed that ECOG score, alcohol abuse, TNM stage, N stage, and M stage were correlated with OS (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the N stage (HR: 1.378, P = 0.018) and M stage (HR: 1.945, P <0.001) carried independent prognostic factors for OS. In the term of treatment, the OS rates for M- patients treated with combined modality therapy (CMT, surgery±radiotherapy/chemotherapy) were better than those treated with surgery alone or radiotherapy/chemotherapy (3-year OS: 36.7% VS 25.6% VS 32.2%; P = 0.045). The OS rates for M+ patients treated with chemotherapy alone, radiotherapy alone, or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy were no significant differences (3-year OS: 12.2% VS 19.4% VS 11.1%; P = 0.400). CONCLUSION PSCCE is characterized by a high degree of malignancy with high risks of lymphatic and distant metastasis, N and M stages are the most important prognostic factor. In terms of treatment, comprehensive treatment is most likely to benefit patients without distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - X M Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang, China
| | - F Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - C Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
| | - T T Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z W Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - B Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, China
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Mu GC, Luo YJ, Chen JQ. Construction of an autophagy-related eleven long noncoding RNA signature to predict the outcomes, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy response in patients with gastric cancer. J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 74. [PMID: 37661182 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2023.3.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) may be involved in the occurrence, development, and drug resistance of gastric cancer (GC) by regulating autophagy. This study aims to establish an autophagy-related LncRNA (ARL) signature (ARLSig) and explore its immunogenomic implications in patients with GC. The RNA sequencing and clinical data of patients with GC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and autophagy genes from the Human Autophagy Database were extracted. The co-expression and Cox regression analyses were performed to establish a prognostic ARLSig. Further, the differences in clinicopathology, immune microenvironment, immune function, and response to immunotherapy between the risk groups were explored by several algorithms. A prognostic risk model consisting of 11 ARLs was constructed. The clinical correlation analysis between the ARLSig and clinicopathological factors indicated that the ARLSig was correlated with the comprehensive, T, and N stages (all P<0.05). Further, a nomogram including the ARLSig and clinical factors suggested it had a powerful predictive value for survival, with a higher prediction efficiency for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival than other clinicopathological factors. Finally, the immune-related analysis between the two risk groups showed that the high-risk group had significantly higher infiltration proportions of natural killer cells resting, monocytes, M2 macrophages, and dendritic cells resting, as well as higher expression of 25 immune checkpoint genes. In addition, the immunotherapy response prediction by the tracking of indels by decomposition algorithm showed the low-risk group was more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The ARLSig consisting of 11 ARLs in GC showed highly efficient predictive value for survival of patients with GC and might provide novel targets for their individualized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Mu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Y J Luo
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Cohn H, Bloom N, Cai G, Clark J, Tarke A, Bermúdez-González MC, Altman D, Lugo LA, Lobo FP, Marquez S, Chen JQ, Ren W, Qin L, Crotty S, Krammer F, Grifoni A, Sette A, Simon V, Coelho CH. Mpox vaccine and infection-driven human immune signatures. medRxiv 2023:2023.03.07.23286701. [PMID: 36945651 PMCID: PMC10029032 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.23286701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreaks outside endemic areas peaked in July 2022, infecting > 85,000 people and raising concerns about our preparedness against this emerging viral pathogen. Licensed and approved for mpox, the JYNNEOS vaccine has fewer side effects than previous smallpox vaccines and demonstrated efficacy against mpox infection in humans. Comparing JYNNEOS vaccine- and mpox-induced immunity is imperative to evaluate JYNNEOS' immunogenicity and inform vaccine administration and design. Methods We examined the polyclonal serum (ELISA) and single B cell (heavy chain gene and transcriptome data) antibody repertoires and T cells (AIM and ICS assays) induced by the JYNNEOS vaccine as well as mpox infection. Findings Gene-level plasmablast and antibody responses were negligible and JYNNEOS vaccinee sera displayed minimal binding to recombinant mpox proteins and native proteins from the 2022 outbreak strain. In contrast, recent mpox infection (within 20-102 days) induced robust serum antibody responses to A29L, A35R, A33R, B18R, and A30L, and to native mpox proteins, compared to vaccinees. JYNNEOS vaccine recipients presented comparable CD4 and CD8 T cell responses against orthopox peptides to those observed after mpox infection. Interpretation JYNNEOS immunization does not elicit a robust B cell response, and its immunogenicity may be mediated by T cells. Funding Research reported in this publication was supported, in part, by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U54CA267776, U19AI168631(VS), as well as institutional funds from the Icahn School of Medicine.
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Callaway HM, Hastie KM, Schendel SL, Li H, Yu X, Shek J, Buck T, Hui S, Bedinger D, Troup C, Dennison SM, Li K, Alpert MD, Bailey CC, Benzeno S, Bonnevier JL, Chen JQ, Chen C, Cho H, Crompton PD, Dussupt V, Entzminger KC, Ezzyat Y, Fleming JK, Geukens N, Gilbert AE, Guan Y, Han X, Harvey CJ, Hatler JM, Howie B, Hu C, Huang A, Imbrechts M, Jin A, Kamachi N, Keitany G, Klinger M, Kolls JK, Krebs SJ, Li T, Luo F, Maruyama T, Meehl MA, Mendez-Rivera L, Musa A, Okumura CJ, Rubin BER, Sato AK, Shen M, Singh A, Song S, Tan J, Trimarchi JM, Upadhyay DP, Wang Y, Yu L, Yuan TZ, Yusko E, Peters B, Tomaras G, Saphire EO. Bivalent intra-spike binding provides durability against emergent Omicron lineages: Results from a global consortium. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112014. [PMID: 36681898 PMCID: PMC9834171 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VoC) and its sublineages contain 31-36 mutations in spike and escape neutralization by most therapeutic antibodies. In a pseudovirus neutralization assay, 66 of the nearly 400 candidate therapeutics in the Coronavirus Immunotherapeutic Consortium (CoVIC) panel neutralize Omicron and multiple Omicron sublineages. Among natural immunoglobulin Gs (IgGs), especially those in the receptor-binding domain (RBD)-2 epitope community, nearly all Omicron neutralizers recognize spike bivalently, with both antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) simultaneously engaging adjacent RBDs on the same spike. Most IgGs that do not neutralize Omicron bind either entirely monovalently or have some (22%-50%) monovalent occupancy. Cleavage of bivalent-binding IgGs to Fabs abolishes neutralization and binding affinity, with disproportionate loss of activity against Omicron pseudovirus and spike. These results suggest that VoC-resistant antibodies overcome mutagenic substitution via avidity. Hence, vaccine strategies targeting future SARS-CoV-2 variants should consider epitope display with spacing and organization identical to trimeric spike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Callaway
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kathryn M Hastie
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sharon L Schendel
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Haoyang Li
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jeremy Shek
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tierra Buck
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sean Hui
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dan Bedinger
- Carterra, 825 N. 300 W. Ste. C309, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA
| | - Camille Troup
- Carterra, 825 N. 300 W. Ste. C309, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA
| | - S Moses Dennison
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Kan Li
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | | | | | - Sharon Benzeno
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | | | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- ACRO Biosystems, 1 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Charm Chen
- ACRO Biosystems, 1 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Hyeseon Cho
- Antibody Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Peter D Crompton
- Antibody Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin C Entzminger
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd. Suite J, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Yassine Ezzyat
- Jounce Therapeutics, Inc., 780 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jonathan K Fleming
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd. Suite J, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Nick Geukens
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amy E Gilbert
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Yongjun Guan
- Antibody BioPharm, Inc., 401 Professional Dr Ste 241, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; Shanghai Life Technology Co., Ltd., 781 Cai Lun Rd, Ste 801, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojian Han
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Christopher J Harvey
- Jounce Therapeutics, Inc., 780 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Phenomic AI, 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300 MaRS Centre, West Tower, Toronto, ON M5G 0B7, Canada
| | - Julia M Hatler
- Bio-techne, 614 McKinley Place NE, Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Bryan Howie
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Maya Imbrechts
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aishun Jin
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Nik Kamachi
- ACRO Biosystems, 1 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Gladys Keitany
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Mark Klinger
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Tulane School of Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Feiyan Luo
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Toshiaki Maruyama
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd. Suite J, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Michael A Meehl
- Jounce Therapeutics, Inc., 780 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Musa
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - C J Okumura
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd. Suite J, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Benjamin E R Rubin
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Aaron K Sato
- Twist Bioscience, 681 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Meiying Shen
- Department of Endocrine Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Anirudh Singh
- Jounce Therapeutics, Inc., 780 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shuyi Song
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Joshua Tan
- Antibody Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Trimarchi
- Emmune, Inc., 14155 US Highway 1, Juno Beach, FL 33408, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Dhruvkumar P Upadhyay
- Jounce Therapeutics, Inc., 780 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Yingming Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital & Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Tom Z Yuan
- Twist Bioscience, 681 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Erik Yusko
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, 1551 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA
| | - Georgia Tomaras
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Erica Ollmann Saphire
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA.
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10
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Hebron KE, Wan X, Roth JS, Liewehr DJ, Sealover NE, Frye WJ, Kim A, Stauffer S, Perkins OL, Sun W, Isanogle KA, Robinson CM, James A, Awasthi P, Shankarappa P, Luo X, Lei H, Butcher D, Smith R, Edmondson EF, Chen JQ, Kedei N, Peer CJ, Shern JF, Figg WD, Chen L, Hall MD, Difilippantonio S, Barr FG, Kortum RL, Robey RW, Vaseva AV, Khan J, Yohe ME. The Combination of Trametinib and Ganitumab is Effective in RAS-Mutated PAX-Fusion Negative Rhabdomyosarcoma Models. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:472-487. [PMID: 36322002 PMCID: PMC9852065 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE PAX-fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN RMS) is driven by alterations in the RAS/MAP kinase pathway and is partially responsive to MEK inhibition. Overexpression of IGF1R and its ligands is also observed in FN RMS. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that IGF1R is itself an important target in FN RMS. Our previous studies revealed preclinical efficacy of the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib, and an IGF1R inhibitor, BMS-754807, but this combination was not pursued clinically due to intolerability in preclinical murine models. Here, we sought to identify a combination of an MEK1/2 inhibitor and IGF1R inhibitor, which would be tolerated in murine models and effective in both cell line and patient-derived xenograft models of RAS-mutant FN RMS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using proliferation and apoptosis assays, we studied the factorial effects of trametinib and ganitumab (AMG 479), a mAb with specificity for human and murine IGF1R, in a panel of RAS-mutant FN RMS cell lines. The molecular mechanism of the observed synergy was determined using conventional and capillary immunoassays. The efficacy and tolerability of trametinib/ganitumab was assessed using a panel of RAS-mutated cell-line and patient-derived RMS xenograft models. RESULTS Treatment with trametinib and ganitumab resulted in synergistic cellular growth inhibition in all cell lines tested and inhibition of tumor growth in four of six models of RAS-mutant RMS. The combination had little effect on body weight and did not produce thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, or hyperinsulinemia in tumor-bearing SCID beige mice. Mechanistically, ganitumab treatment prevented the phosphorylation of AKT induced by MEK inhibition alone. Therapeutic response to the combination was observed in models without a mutation in the PI3K/PTEN axis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that combined trametinib and ganitumab is effective in a genomically diverse panel of RAS-mutated FN RMS preclinical models. Our data also show that the trametinib/ganitumab combination likely has a favorable tolerability profile. These data support testing this combination in a phase I/II clinical trial for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory RAS-mutated FN RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Hebron
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Xiaolin Wan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jacob S. Roth
- Early Translation Branch, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - David J. Liewehr
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Nancy E. Sealover
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Services, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - William J.E. Frye
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Angela Kim
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Stacey Stauffer
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Olivia L. Perkins
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Wenyue Sun
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kristine A. Isanogle
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Christina M. Robinson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Amy James
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Parirokh Awasthi
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Priya Shankarappa
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Donna Butcher
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Roberta Smith
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Elijah F. Edmondson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cody J. Peer
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - W. Douglas Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Lu Chen
- Early Translation Branch, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- Early Translation Branch, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Frederic G. Barr
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Robert L. Kortum
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Services, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Robert W. Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Angelina V. Vaseva
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,Co-corresponding authors Correspondence: Marielle Yohe, M.D., Ph.D., Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 8560 Progress Drive Room D3026, Frederick, MD 27101, Phone: (240) 760-7436,
| | - Marielle E. Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701,Co-corresponding authors Correspondence: Marielle Yohe, M.D., Ph.D., Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 8560 Progress Drive Room D3026, Frederick, MD 27101, Phone: (240) 760-7436,
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11
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Wang QW, Chen JQ, Zhong WQ, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Deng G. [Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic diseases]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:1300-1309. [PMID: 36456509 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220629-00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases, a typical kind of autoimmune disease, are often treated with glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, biological agents, and small-molecule targeted drugs, which often leads to immune dysfunction in patients and increases the risk of activation of latent tuberculosis infection. To regulate the screening, diagnosis, and prophylactic treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic diseases, reduce the risk of developing active tuberculosis and improve the prognosis, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital and Peking Union Medical College Hospital jointly organized domestic experts in the field of rheumatology and tuberculosis to establish the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic diseases. This consensus focuses on epidemiology, the importance of screening, screening methods, and prophylactic anti-tuberculosis treatment strategies for latent tuberculosis infection combined with rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q W Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - J Q Chen
- The Second Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, National Clinical Medical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - W Q Zhong
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Sever and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guofang Deng
- The Second Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, National Clinical Medical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen 518000, China
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12
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Chen JQ, Zhu SH. [Research advances on the construction of artificial dermal scaffolds based on biomaterials]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2022; 38:968-972. [PMID: 36299210 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220606-00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the field of wound repair, scarless healing and complete reconstruction of skin function are major challenges in clinical and basic research. At present, a variety of artificial dermal scaffolds have been used in the clinical repair of wounds to overcome the problems such as skin structural disorders caused by tissue defects. The biomaterials used to make artificial dermal scaffolds in skin and tissue engineering research mainly include three categories: natural biomaterials, biosynthetic materials, and organic polymer materials. This review summarizes the biocompatibility, bioactivity, and degradability of biomaterials and their effects on wound healing, and provides an overview of artificial dermal scaffold construction strategies based on biomaterials, wound healing cells, and associated cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Chen
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Burn Institute of PLA, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - S H Zhu
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Burn Institute of PLA, Shanghai 200433, China
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13
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Wu L, Zhan H, Bao ZN, Chen JQ, Cai XL. [Analysis of treatment costs for pneumoconiosis patients in Hunan Province]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:515-518. [PMID: 35915942 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210702-00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the level and influencing factors of treatment costs for patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for reducing the economic burden of patients with pneumoconiosis and optimizing the rational allocation of medical resources. Methods: In August 2020, the multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to obtain the treatment cost information of pneumoconiosis patients from January to December 2018 in 1123 sample medical institutions. The average cost per time of 2178 outpatients and 7425 inpatients was described, and the differences in the distribution of hospitalization costs for patients with pneumoconiosis were compared by one-way analysis of variance, and a multiple linear regression model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization costs for patients with pneumoconiosis. Results: The average cost of outpatients with pneumoconiosis was 465.88 yuan, and the average cost of inpatients was 12280.63 yuan. There were statistically significant differences in hospitalization expenses among different age, institution level, institution type, length of hospital stay and type of insured (F=10.49, 402.92, 416.35, 2390.48, 1298.14, P<0.001) . Age, length of hospital stay, reimbursement ratio, and institution level were influencing factors of the total hospitalization expenses of patients with pneumoconiosis (t=5.27, 62.20, 22.35, 21.20, P<0.001) . Conclusion: Patients with pneumoconiosis have a heavy burden of treatment costs. Age, length of hospital stay, institution level and reimbursement ratio are the main influencing factors of hospitalization costs. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and treatment of key populations, standardize the use of medical insurance, and promote the rational allocation of medical resource to reduce the cost burden of pneumoconiosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wu
- School of Humanities and Management, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - H Zhan
- School of Humanities and Management, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Z N Bao
- School of Humanities and Management, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - J Q Chen
- School of Humanities and Management, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - X L Cai
- School of Humanities and Management, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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14
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Chen JQ. Fahr's syndrome, intracranial calcification and secondary hypoparathyroidism. QJM 2022; 115:481-482. [PMID: 35298651 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Q Chen
- From the Department of Neurology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000 China
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15
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Chen JQ, Dong YM. [Research progress in vital pulp therapy in mature permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 57:95-100. [PMID: 35012258 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20210714-00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy(VPT)is an important pathway to preserve and maintain pulp tissue in a healthy state. VPT has been improved recently as the new progress achieved in pathobiology, bioactive materials and clinical research. The present review summarizes the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of VPT, including direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and full pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure, and briefly introduces the new progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Chen
- Department of Cariology and Endodontoloty, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Y M Dong
- Department of Cariology and Endodontoloty, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Chen JQ, Liu SH, Luo J, Cai MR, Cheng YZ. [Investigation on freshwater crab populations and Paragonimus infections in the Minjiang River basin along the middle section of Wuyi Mountain]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:590-599. [PMID: 35128889 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the populations of freshwater crabs, the intermediate host of Paragonimus and Paragonimus infections in freshwater crabs in the Minjiang River basin along the middle section of Wuyi Mountain, so as to provide baseline data for parasitic disease control and research and expansion of the parasite resource bank. METHODS From November 2020 to April 2021, freshwater crabs were sampled from streams and ditches neighboring residential areas in Jianning County and its neighboring Ninghua, Shaowu, Jiangle and Shunchang counties. The crab species was identified based on the morphological features of the terminal segment of the first abdominal appendage of male crabs, and Paragonimus infections were detected in freshwater crabs. The Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated, and the types of metacercariae were identified based on the metacercaria size, cystic wall thickness, and the excretory bladder and intestinal tract morphology. In addition, the prevalence, intensity and index of metacercaria infections were calculated in freshwater crabs. RESULTS There were seven crab species found in Jianning County and six neighboring water systems along the Minjiang River basin, including Sinopotamon jianglense, S. fukinense, Huananpotamon lichuanense, H. lini, H. shenni, H. planopodum, Bottapotamon engelhardti, and there were metacercariae of three Paragonimus species detected in these crabs, including P. westermani, P. skrjabini and P. sanpingensis, with a prevalence rate of 43.6% (125/287). The infection rates of P. westermani, P. sanpingensis and P. skrjabini were 57.1% (48/84), 26.2% (22/84) and 61.8% (21/34) in S. jianglense, and the infection rates of P. westermani and P. sanpingensis were 52.6% (51/97) and 30.9% (30/97) in S. fukinense, while the rate of P. westermani infection was 6.9% (5/72) in H. lichuanense, which is the first record of P. westermani infections in H. lichuanense. Mixed P. westermani and P. sanpingensis infections were predominantly found in freshwater crabs sampled from Jianning County, where the rate of Paragonimus infections was 70.4% (76/108), with 15.3 metacercariae identified in each crab with Paragonimus infections and 1.9 metacercariae found in each gram of crabs with Paragonimus infections, and the index of metacercariae infections was 20.5. In addition, P. westermani, P. skrjabini and P. sanpingensi metacercariae were found in freshwater crabs sampled from Jianning-neighboring counties, where the rate of Paragonimus infections was 52.3% (56/107), with 9.8 metacercariae identified in each crab with Paragonimus infections and 0.9 metacercariae found in each gram of crabs with Paragonimus infections, and the index of metacercariae infections was 4.6. CONCLUSIONS There are multiple freshwater crab species and Paragonimus infection is high in freshwater crabs in Jianning County and its neighboring Minjiang River basin, which is a high-risk natural focus for Paragonimus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Chen
- Jianning County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jianning, Fujian 354500, China
| | - S H Liu
- Jianning County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jianning, Fujian 354500, China
| | - J Luo
- Zhangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, China
| | - M R Cai
- Zhangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, China
| | - Y Z Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
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Luo XL, Xu J, Xue C, Ruan MN, Yang M, Chen JQ, Huang XC, Chen J, Mei CL, Mao ZG. [Validation of a hyperkalemia prediction model in chronic kidney disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3490-3494. [PMID: 34775707 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210715-01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To validate the accuracy and consistency of a previously established prediction model for the occurrence of hyperkalemia in non-dialytic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: All patients diagnosed with CKD from Outpatient Department of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital during the 4th quarter of 2020 were recruited. Demographic data, clinical characteristics and prediction model-related parameters of the patients were collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the effectiveness of the model, and the specificity and sensitivity were calculated based on the cut-off value of 4 obtained from the previous model. The improved Hanley method was used to compare the area under the curve (AUC) between the previously established model and current validation dataset. The calibration curve was drawn to verify the model calibration degree. Results: A total of 434 patients diagnosed with non-dialytic CKD were enrolled, among whom 233 were males and 201 were females, with an average age of (55±16) years. According to the measured serum potassium values, the prevalence of hyperkalemia was 7.6%. And 33 patients were allocated to the hyperkalemia group and 401 patients were to the normal potassium group. There was no significant difference in age and sex between the two groups (both P>0.05). A combination of hyperkalemia and heart failure (27.3% vs 3.7%, P<0.001), diabetes (42.4% vs 19.7%, P=0.002), and acidosis (51.5% vs 7.0%, P<0.001) were more frequently in the hyperkalemia group, compared with the normal serum potassium group. Patients in the hyperkalemia group were more likely to have a past history of serum potassium ≥5.0 mmol/L (48.5% vs 2.5%, P<0.001). For the drugs that could increase serum potassium levels, there was a significant correlation between Chinese herbal medicine and the occurrence of hyperkalemia, while renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) and potassium supplementation showed no significant difference between the two groups. The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC was 0.914, with the sensitivity of 84.8% and the specificity of 79.8% with the cut-off value of 4. The difference of AUC between the previously established risk assessment model of hyperkalemia in patients with non-dialytic CKD and current validation dataset was not statistically significant (Z=1.924, P=0.054), indicating the good accuracy and consistency of the prediction model. In the calibration curve, when the predicted risk of patients was below 0.4 or above 0.6, the prediction effect of the model was better. Conclusion: The previously-constructed hyperkalemia prediction model in non-dialytic CKD patients had good accuracy and consistency, and could be used to evaluate the risk of hyperkalemia in all stages of non-dialytic CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - C Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - M N Ruan
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - M Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - X C Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - C L Mei
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Z G Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
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Wang XM, Wang L, Wang X, Chen JQ, Li C, Zhang WC, Ge XL, Shen WB, Hu MM, Yuan QQ, Xu YG, Hao CL, Zhou ZG, Qie S, Lu N, Han C, Pang QS, Wang P, Sun XC, Zhang KX, Li GF, Li L, Liu ML, Wang YD, Qiao XY, Zhu SC, Zhou ZM, Zhao YD, Xiao ZF. [Long-term efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy in non-operative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective data analysis (3JECROG R-05)]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:889-896. [PMID: 34407597 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190412-00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the survival benefits and treatment related toxic effects of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-RT) for non-operative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Methods: The data of 2 132 ESCC patients who were not suitable for surgery or rejected operation, and underwent radical radiotherapy from 2002 to 2016 in 10 hospitals of Jing-Jin-Ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group (3JECROG) were analyzed. Among them, 518 (24.3%) cases underwent SIB (SIB group) and 1 614 (75.7%) cases did not receive SIB (No-SIB group). The two groups were matched with 1∶2 according to propensity score matching (PSM) method (caliper value=0.02). After PSM, 515 patients in SIB group and 977 patients in No-SIB group were enrolled. Prognosis and treatment related adverse effects of these two groups were compared and the independent prognostic factor were analyzed. Results: The median follow-up time was 61.7 months. Prior to PSM, the 1-, 3-, and 5-years overall survival (OS) rates of SIB group were 72.2%, 42.8%, 35.5%, while of No-SIB group were 74.3%, 41.4%, 31.9%, respectively (P=0.549). After PSM, the 1-, 3-, and 5-years OS rates of the two groups were 72.5%, 43.4%, 36.4% and 75.3%, 41.7%, 31.6%, respectively (P=0.690). The univariate survival analysis of samples after PSM showed that the lesion location, length, T stage, N stage, TNM stage, simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, gross tumor volume (GTV) and underwent SIB-RT or not were significantly associated with the prognosis of advanced esophageal carcinoma patients who underwent radical radiotherapy (P<0.05). Cox model multivariate regression analysis showed lesion location, TNM stage, GTV and simultaneous chemoradiotherapy were independent prognostic factors of advanced esophageal carcinoma patients who underwent radical radiotherapy (P<0.05). Stratified analysis showed that, in the patients whose GTV volume≤50 cm(3), the median survival time of SIB and No-SIB group was 34.7 and 30.3 months (P=0.155), respectively. In the patients whose GTV volume>50 cm(3), the median survival time of SIB and No-SIB group was 16.1 and 20.1 months (P=0.218). The incidence of radiation esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis above Grade 3 in SIB group were 4.3% and 2.5%, significantly lower than 13.1% and 11% of No-SIB group (P<0.001). Conclusions: The survival benefit of SIB-RT in patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinoma is not inferior to non-SIB-RT, but without more adverse reactions, and shortens the treatment time. SIB-RT can be used as one option of the radical radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital/Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - C Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W C Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - X L Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W B Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - M M Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - Q Q Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - Y G Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C L Hao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - Z G Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - S Qie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - N Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the 7th Medical Center of PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - C Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Q S Pang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - X C Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - K X Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - G F Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - M L Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Y D Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the 7th Medical Center of PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - X Y Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - S C Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Z M Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y D Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Z F Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays an important role in tumor suppression by activating macrophages. After macrophages activation, a trail of cytokines was secreted, including IL-1β. Previous studies reported that the anti-tumor function of IL-1β is concentration-dependent, and increasing the level of IL-1β will enhance its anti-tumor effect. Cytolysin A (ClyA), a member of the protein family called pore-forming toxins (PFTs), is secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, which has a potential role in enhancing the secretion of IL-1β. In this study, the function of Cytolysin A was evaluated by investigating its ability to induce innate immune responses in macrophages and the signaling pathway(s) involved in LPS-induced production of IL-1β. The production of IL-1β was highly enhanced when the macrophages were treated with LPS and ClyA together. The production of IL-1β was regulated by TLR4-MyD88-IL-1β pathway and NLRP3-ASC-Caspase1-IL1β pathway. By treating the colon cancer cell line CT26 with the conditioned medium, the proliferation of CT26 cells was inhibited and the apoptosis of CT26 cells was increased. In conclusion, this study indicated that ClyA enhances the production of IL-1β induced by LPS in human macrophages. The proliferation of CT26 cells was inhibited and the apoptosis was increased when being treated with the macrophage-conditioned media, which provides a feasible treatment for colon tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guan
- Department of Ultrasound, The first affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Radiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine affiliated Haikou Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - X Y Li
- Department of Radiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine affiliated Haikou Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - S N Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine affiliated Haikou Hospital, Hainan, China
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Ju L, Yu M, Zhu LJ, Jia ZY, Zhang M, Chen JQ. [Chronic toxicity of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes in human pleural mesothelial cells]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2021; 39:173-177. [PMID: 33781031 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190919-00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the chronic toxicity and its potential mechanism of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) in human pleural mesothelial cells. Methods: A sustainable exposure of MeT-5A cells to MWCNT at 10 μg/cm(2) for one year was conducted in 2016. During the exposure, the cell images and cell proliferation was recorded every 4 weeks. The cell apoptosis, cell cycle, cell migration and cell invasion were compared between the control cells and the cells after MWCNT exposure. Finally, the gene expression was screened with Affymetrix clariom D assay, and some of the significantly differential expressed genes was verified by RT-PCR. Results: Compared with the control group, the proliferation ability of the cells in the 1-year exposed group was significantly increased, and the rate of proliferation was about 2-3 times as that in the Control Group (F=481.32, P<0.05) . MeT-5A cells all showed cell cycle arrest effect, which showed the increase of G1 phase and the decrease of s phase and G2 phase (F=14.94, P<0.05) . The apoptosis rate of cells in the treated group was significantly higher than that in the control group after 6 months (F=15.12, P<0.05) , but the early apoptosis rate and the total apoptosis rate of cells in the treated group were not significantly different from those in the control group after 1 year (F=3.97, P<0.05) . The cell migration and invasion were both promoted by MWCNT. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes was screened, to find 2, 878 genes with more than 2 folds changes. To further verified, RT-PCR was conducted with PIK3R3、WNT2B、VANGL2、ANXA1, and their expression changes were consistent with above. Conclusion: MWCNT might have a carcinogenic potential to MeT-5A cells after the long term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ju
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - M Yu
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - L J Zhu
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Z Y Jia
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - M Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
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Ren Y, Yu M, Chen JQ. [Research progress on lung tissue damage caused by artificial quartz stone dust]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2021; 39:157-160. [PMID: 33691377 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200623-00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Artificial quartz stone is a new type of decorative building material, there are serious dust exposure hazards during the production and processing. Due to the lack of effective health protection for practitioners, silicosis caused by artificial quartz stone dust has been widely reported worldwide in recent years, which seriously affect the health of practitioners. This article summarizes the use status of artificial quartz stone, the exposure of practitioners and the lung tissue damage caused by dust, analyzes its pathogenic characteristics, and provides a basis for protecting the occupational population and improving occupational health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ren
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - M Yu
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
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Qin LH, Zhu XJ, Zhang LY, Chen JQ, Jin GY, Xiang LJ. Identification of hub genes and pathways in the development of gastric cancer by gene co‑expression network analysis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:35-44. [PMID: 33601878 DOI: 10.23812/20-478-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
There are many risk factors for gastric cancer (GC), including chronic atrophic gastritis, which involves multiple genes and signaling pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed on GSE111762 to construct free-scale gene co-expression networks and identified four significant modules that consisted of blue, dark orange, dark red and dark violet. In each module, genes with the most connectivity were selected as hub genes, including G antigen 12J (GAGE12J) in blue, proline, histidine and glycine rich 1 (PHGR1) in dark orange, DNA polymerase gamma 2, accessory subunit (POLG2) in dark red and collagen type XXI alpha 1 chain (COL21A1) in dark violet. The transcription level of COL21A1 and GAGE12J was up-regulated in atrophic gastritis vs normal gastric mucosa, but down-regulated in GC vs atrophic gastritis. PHGR1 was consistently down-regulated from normal gastric mucosa to GC, while POLG2 was up-regulated. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was then conducted to study the biological functions of hub genes in the development of GC. It showed that multiple tumorigenesis-related pathways were enriched, including peroxisome, DNA repair and KRAS signaling pathway in COL21A1, IL6-JAK-STAT3, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TNFα-NF-κB signaling pathway in PHGR1, MYC targets, E2F targets and angiogenesis in POLG2 and peroxisome, Notch signaling pathway and androgen response in GAGE12J. The identified four genes, especially for COL21A1, PHGR1 and POLG2, were important in GC tumorigenesis and affected many cancer-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - X J Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - L Y Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - G Y Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - L J Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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Ni QH, Zhao YP, Lyu L, Yang SF, Zhang L, Chen JQ. [Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula immaturation: day surgery mode and clinical efficacy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:416-420. [PMID: 33611891 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200711-02088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) immaturation under day surgery mode. Methods: The clinical data was retrospective analyzed of patients with AVF immaturation who were treated by ultrasound-guided PTA under day surgery mode from November 2016 to June 2019 in Renji Hospital. The basic information, lesion location, puncture approach, number and diameter of balloon used were counted. The primary and secondary patency rates were calculated at 6 and 12 months after operation. Results: In all of the 21 patients, 11 patients were male and 10 patients were female. The mean age was (52.6±12.9) years old. There were 20 of the 21 patients who were treated successfully. One patient had AVF reconstruction with vascular rupture, and the complication rate was 4.8% (1/21). The length of hospitalization was (1.05±0.71) days, and the cost was (11 487.7±4 401.4) yuan. The follow-up time was (19.7±8.3) months. The 6-month and 12-month primary patency rate were 70% and 55%, and the 6-month and 12-month secondary patency rate were both 90%. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided PTA in the treatment of AVF immaturation under day surgery mode is safe and effective, which has a high technical success rate and good patency rate for AVF maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q H Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Y P Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - L Lyu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - S F Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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Yang ZP, Lin YZ, Wu MQ, Chen JQ, Lian LH, Liao XW, Peng YM, Zhang JC, Chen L. [A case report of peri-left bundle branch pacing in a preschooler]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2021; 49:74-76. [PMID: 33429491 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200315-00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z P Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y Z Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - M Q Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - L H Lian
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X W Liao
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y M Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - J C Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - L Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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25
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Zhu N, Chen JQ, Yang MY, Cheng Y, Yuan Y. [Relationship of early tumor shrinkage and depth of response with the prognosis and treatment effect of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:869-875. [PMID: 33113630 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190213-00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship of early tumor shrinkage (ETS) and depth of response (DpR) with the prognosis and treatment effect of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 23 patients with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed by imaging in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 1st, 2008 to December 31th, 2017. Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used for the survival analysis. Cox regression was used to analyze the factors associated with prognosis. Results: The objective response rate (ORR) of the 23 patients was 43.5% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 82.6%. Univariate analysis showed the median progress-free survival (mPFS) of ETS≥20% and ETS<20% were 13.0 months and 4.5 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). The median overall survival (mOS) of ETS≥20% and ETS<20% were 26.8 months and 10.1 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). The median progress-free survival (mPFS) of DpR≥15% and DpR<15% were 13.0 months and 4.5 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P=0.001). The median overall survival (mOS) of DpR≥15% and DpR<15% were 26.8 months and 9.5 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed ETS was an independent factor of PFS (P=0.030), tumor site and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score were independent factors of OS (P<0.05). Conclusion: ETS and DpR might be used to predict the treatment efficacy and prognosis of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of HER-2 positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - M Y Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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26
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Hu MM, Yuan QQ, Zhang XS, Yang S, Wang X, Wang L, Chen JQ, Zhang WC, Wang XM, Ge XL, Shen WB, Xu YG, Hao CL, Zhou ZG, Qie S, Lu N, Pang QS, Zhao YD, Sun XC, Li GF, Li L, Qiao XY, Liu ML, Wang YD, Li C, Zhu SC, Han C, Zhang KX, Xiao ZF. [Efficacy analysis of the radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with stage Ⅳ esophageal squamous carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study of Jing-Jin-Ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group (3JECROG R-01F)]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:676-681. [PMID: 32867461 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190327-00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the survival and prognostic factors of radiotherapy in patient with Ⅳ stage esophageal squamous carcinoma treated with radiation or chemoradiation. Methods: The medical records of 608 patients with stage Ⅳ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who met the inclusion criteria in 10 medical centers in China from 2002 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The overall survival and prognostic factors of all patients at 1, 3 and 5 years were analyzed. Results: The 1-, 3-, 5- year overall survival (OS) rates was 66.7%, 29.5% and 24.3% in stage ⅣA patients, and 58.8%, 29.0% and 23.5% in stage ⅣB patients. There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.255). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the length of lesion, treatment plan, planned tumor target volume (PGTV) dose, subsequent chemotherapy, and degrees of anemia, radiation esophagitis, radiation pneumonia were related to the prognoses of patients with Ⅳ stage esophageal carcinomas after radiotherapy and chemotherapy (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PGTV dose (OR=0.693, P=0.004), radiation esophagitis (OR=0.867, P=0.038), and radiation pneumonia (OR=1.181, P=0.004) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions: For patients with stage Ⅳ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, chemoradiotherapy followed by sequential chemotherapy is recommended, which can extend the total survival and improve the prognosis of the patients. PGTV dose more than 60 Gy has better efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - Q Q Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - X S Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - S Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital/Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - W C Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - X M Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - X L Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W B Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Y G Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology Beijing 100730, China
| | - C L Hao
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - Z G Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - S Qie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - N Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Q S Pang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Y D Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - X C Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - G F Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - X Y Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - M L Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Y D Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - C Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S C Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - C Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - K X Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, China
| | - Z F Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Kedei N, Pérez-Guijarro EE, Chen JQ, Day CP, Malik MQ, Goldstein DJ, Merlino GT. Abstract 3863: CODEX high-multiplex imaging reveals distinct tumor microenvironment in mouse melanoma models associated with response to immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In order to identify the determinants of melanoma resistance to immunotherapies and predictive biomarkers, we developed a series of immunocompetent syngeneic mouse models that represent diverse subtypes of human melanoma exhibiting a range of sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies (Pérez-Guijarro et al, BioRxiv 2019). Comparative genomic and immunological analysis identified that melanoma plasticity as well as T cell dysfunction and exclusion programs strongly correlated with ICB resistance. However, how interactions between tumor and immune cells influence therapeutic efficacy is still unknown. To address this question, we used CODEX high-multiplex imaging technology that enables quantitative detection of 20+ markers at single cell level resolution preserving spatial context. CODEX does not require cell isolation that may result in variable cell loss. Furthermore, the whole tissue imaging provides insights into tumor/stroma and cellular heterogeneity. Fresh frozen tissues (n=3 for each model) were stained with a panel of 16 antibodies to identify major immune cell phenotypes including cytotoxic and helper T cells, B cells, and subsets of myeloid cells. Quantitative single cell level analysis of images was performed with HALO (Indica Labs) and multiplex analysis viewer (MAV) (Akoya Biosciences) software. Preliminary analysis identified unique tumor architecture, immune cell densities and distribution in each model. Although we found high diversity in the vasculature (CD31+), proliferation (Ki67+) and number of infiltrating leukocytes (CD45+) between the models, these were not associated with resistance. In contrast, high infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells was associated with response to ICBs. These results validated tumor analyses by FACS and gene signatures of immune cells. In addition, CODEX imaging revealed heterogeneity and complex spatial organization in the tumor microenvironment. Importantly, ICB-resistant tumors exhibited compact tumor structure with less stroma infiltration and lack of melanin expression, while ICB-sensitive tumors had complex, nodular and pigmented structures, indicating different differentiation status. Our data also suggested that myeloid phenotypes and functional compartment interactions may contribute to the response to ICBs. The study is expected to provide a higher resolution profiling of tumor-immune cell interactions and facilitate mechanistic understanding of resistance to immune checkpoint therapy.
Citation Format: Noemi Kedei, Eva E. Pérez-Guijarro, Jin-Qiu Chen, Chi-Ping Day, Mariam Q. Malik, David J. Goldstein, Glenn T. Merlino. CODEX high-multiplex imaging reveals distinct tumor microenvironment in mouse melanoma models associated with response to immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 3863.
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28
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Gary JM, Simmons JK, Xu J, Zhang S, Peat TJ, Watson N, Gamache BJ, Zhang K, Kovalchuk AL, Michalowski AM, Chen JQ, Thaiwong T, Kiupel M, Gaikwad S, Etienne M, Simpson RM, Dubois W, Testa JR, Mock BA. Hypomorphic mTOR Downregulates CDK6 and Delays Thymic Pre-T LBL Tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2221-2232. [PMID: 32747423 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway hyperactivation is frequent in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL). To model inhibition of mTOR, pre-T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (pre-T LBL) tumor development was monitored in mice with T lymphocyte-specific, constitutively active AKT (Lck-MyrAkt2) that were either crossed to mTOR knockdown (KD) mice or treated with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus. Lck-MyrAkt2;mTOR KD mice lived significantly longer than Lck-MyrAkt2;mTOR wild-type (WT) mice, although both groups ultimately developed thymic pre-T LBL. An increase in survival was also observed when Lck-MyrAkt2;mTOR WT mice were treated for 8 weeks with everolimus. The transcriptional profiles of WT and KD thymic lymphomas were compared, and Ingenuity Pathway Upstream Regulator Analysis of differentially expressed genes in tumors from mTOR WT versus KD mice identified let-7 and miR-21 as potential regulatory genes. mTOR KD mice had higher levels of let-7a and miR-21 than mTOR WT mice, and rapamycin induced their expression in mTOR WT cells. CDK6 was one of the most downregulated targets of both let-7 and miR21 in mTOR KD tumors. CDK6 overexpression and decreased expression of let-7 in mTOR KD cells rescued a G1 arrest phenotype. Combined mTOR (rapamycin) and CDK4/6 (palbociclib) inhibition decreased tumor size and proliferation in tumor flank transplants, increased survival in an intravenous transplant model of disseminated leukemia compared with single agent treatment, and cooperatively decreased cell viability in human T-ALL/LBL cell lines. Thus, mTOR KD mice provide a model to explore drug combinations synergizing with mTOR inhibitors and can be used to identify downstream targets of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy M Gary
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - John K Simmons
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jinfei Xu
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tyler J Peat
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nicholas Watson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Benjamin J Gamache
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,American University, Washington, DC
| | - Ke Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tuddow Thaiwong
- Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Snehal Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maudeline Etienne
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - R Mark Simpson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wendy Dubois
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph R Testa
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Beverly A Mock
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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29
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Yohe ME, Gryder BE, Chou HC, Song YK, Zhang X, Butcher D, Isanogle KA, Robinson CM, Luo X, Chen JQ, Edmondson EJ, Difilippantionio S, Thomas CJ, Khan J. Abstract B17: MEK inhibition induces myogenic differentiation in RAS-driven rhabdomyosarcoma. Mol Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.ras18-b17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN-RMS), which lacks PAX3/7 gene rearrangement, arises from skeletal muscle precursor cells that fail to differentiate despite expression of the myogenic master transcription factor, MYOD1. These tumors frequently harbor mutations in RAS isoforms (NRAS, HRAS, or KRAS), but the role of RAS in blocking myogenic differentiation is incompletely understood. In this study, we used a combination of high-throughput drug screening, transcriptomics, and epigenomics approaches to investigate the role of RAS in FN-RMS differentiation and survival. Oncogenic RAS was required for FN-RMS survival and activated the MAPK pathway to block myoblast differentiation. Consistent with these findings, the MEK inhibitor, trametinib, selectively reduced FN-RMS cell viability; upregulated the prodifferentiation myogenic transcription factor, MYOG; and induced myogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, we found that ERK2, a downstream target of MEK, bound to myogenic differentiation genes, including the promoter of MYOG, where it phosphorylated RNA polymerase II, resulting in RNA polymerase II stalling and transcriptional repression. MEK inhibition resulted in release of ERK2 from the MYOG promoter, facilitating MYOG transcription. Accordingly, trametinib treatment also resulted in MYOG-dependent chromatin remodeling, leading to the establishment of super-enhancers at genes required for late myogenic differentiation (including MYH3) and the loss of RAS-dependent super-enhancers at proliferation genes, such as MYC. In vivo, MEK inhibition induced myogenic differentiation FN-RMS cells to suppress their growth as xenografts. We then performed a combinatorial drug screen and identified combinations that might improve the therapeutic efficacy of trametinib. Excitingly, the most synergistic combination in vitro, trametinib and the multikinase inhibitor, BMS-754807, also induced tumor regression in mouse xenograft models of FN- RMS. Synergy was similarly observed between trametinib and the IGF1R monoclonal antibody, ganitumab, establishing the combination of MEK and IGF1R inhibition as synergistic in FN-RMS. Therefore, in addition to uncovering a mechanism by which RAS signaling suppresses MYOG expression to block MYOG-dependent chromatin remodeling and cellular differentiation in FN-RMS, these findings suggest that patients with FN-RMS may benefit from combination therapy with MEK and IGF1R inhibitors.
Citation Format: Marielle E. Yohe, Berkley E. Gryder, Hsien-Chao Chou, Young K. Song, Xiaohu Zhang, Donna Butcher, Kristine A. Isanogle, Christina M. Robinson, Xiaoling Luo, Jin-Qiu Chen, Elijah J. Edmondson, Simone Difilippantionio, Craig J. Thomas, Javed Khan. MEK inhibition induces myogenic differentiation in RAS-driven rhabdomyosarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting RAS-Driven Cancers; 2018 Dec 9-12; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(5_Suppl):Abstract nr B17.
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30
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Han XA, Jie HY, Wang JH, Zhang XM, Wang J, Yu CX, Zhang JL, He J, Chen JQ, Lai KF, Sun EW. Necrostatin-1 Ameliorates Neutrophilic Inflammation in Asthma by Suppressing MLKL Phosphorylation to Inhibiting NETs Release. Front Immunol 2020; 11:666. [PMID: 32391007 PMCID: PMC7194114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophilic inflammation occurs during asthma exacerbation, and especially, in patients with steroid-refractory asthma, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, a significant accumulation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the airways of neutrophilic asthma has been documented, suggesting that NETs may play an important role in the pathogenesis. In this study, we firstly demonstrated that NETs could induce human airway epithelial cell damage in vitro. In a mouse asthmatic model of neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation, we found that NETs were markedly increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and the formation of NETs exacerbated the airway inflammation. Additionally, a small-molecule drug necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) shown to inhibit NETs formation was found to alleviate the neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation. Nec-1 reduced total protein concentration, myeloperoxidase activity, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in BAL. Finally, further experiments proved that the inhibition of Nec-1 on NETs formation might be related to its ability to inhibiting mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) phosphorylation and perforation. Together, these results document that NETs are closely associated with the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma and inhibition of the formation of NETs by Nec-1 may be a new therapeutic strategy to ameliorate neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X A Han
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Y Jie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J H Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X M Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Respiration, Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C X Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - K F Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - E W Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Lu N, Wang X, Li C, Wang L, Chen JQ, Zhang WC, Wang XM, Ge XL, Shen WB, Hu MM, Yuan QQ, Xu YG, Hao CL, Zhou ZG, Qie S, Xiao ZF, Zhu SC, Han C, Qiao XY, Pang QS, Wang P, Zhao YD, Sun XC, Zhang KX, Li L, Li GF, Liu ML, Wang YD. [Prognostic analysis of definitive radiotherapy for early esophageal carcinoma(T1-2N0M0): a multi-center retrospective study of Jing-Jin-ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:139-144. [PMID: 32135649 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prognostic factors of T1-2N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with definitive radiotherapy. Methods: The clinical data of 196 patients with T1-2N0M0 ESCC who were treated with definitive radiotherapy in 10 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. All sites were members of Jing-Jin-Ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group (3JECROG). Radiochemotherapy were applied to 78 patients, while the other 118 patients received radiotherapy only. 96 patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and 100 treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The median dose of plan target volume(PTV) and gross target volume(GTV) were both 60 Gy. The median follow-up time was 59.2 months. Log rank test and Cox regression analysis were used for univariat and multivariate analysis, respectively. Results: The percentage of normal lung receiving at least 20 Gy (V(20)) was (18.65±7.20)%, with average dose of (10.81±42.05) Gy. The percentage of normal heart receiving at least 30 Gy (V(30)) was (14.21±12.28)%. The maximum dose of exposure in spinal cord was (39.65±8.13) Gy. The incidence of radiation pneumonia and radiation esophagitis were 14.80%(29/196) and 65.82%(129/196), respectively. The adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, without grade 4 toxicity. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 70.1 months and 62.3 months, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of all patients were 75.1%、57.4% and 53.2%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year PFS rates were 75.1%、57.4% and 53.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients'age (HR=1.023, P=0.038) and tumor diameter (HR=1.243, P=0.028)were the independent prognostic factors for OS, while tumor volume were the independent prognostic factor for PFS. Conclusions: Definitive radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic method in patients with T1-2N0M0 ESCC. Patients' age, tumor diameter and tumor volume may impact patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - C Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital/Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - W C Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - X M Wang
- Department 4th of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - X L Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W B Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - M M Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - Q Q Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - Y G Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C L Hao
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - Z G Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - S Qie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Z F Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S C Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - C Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - X Y Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Q S Pang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Y D Zhao
- Department 4th of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - X C Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - K X Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China
| | - G F Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M L Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Y D Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
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Yohe ME, Gryder BE, Shern JF, Song YK, Chou HC, Sindiri S, Mendoza A, Patidar R, Zhang X, Guha R, Butcher D, Isanogle KA, Robinson CM, Luo X, Chen JQ, Walton A, Awasthi P, Edmondson EF, Difilippantonio S, Wei JS, Zhao K, Ferrer M, Thomas CJ, Khan J. MEK inhibition induces MYOG and remodels super-enhancers in RAS-driven rhabdomyosarcoma. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/448/eaan4470. [PMID: 29973406 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The RAS isoforms are frequently mutated in many types of human cancers, including PAX3/PAX7 fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma. Pediatric RMS arises from skeletal muscle progenitor cells that have failed to differentiate normally. The role of mutant RAS in this differentiation blockade is incompletely understood. We demonstrate that oncogenic RAS, acting through the RAF-MEK [mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase]-ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) MAPK effector pathway, inhibits myogenic differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma by repressing the expression of the prodifferentiation myogenic transcription factor, MYOG. This repression is mediated by ERK2-dependent promoter-proximal stalling of RNA polymerase II at the MYOG locus. Small-molecule screening with a library of mechanistically defined inhibitors showed that RAS-driven RMS is vulnerable to MEK inhibition. MEK inhibition with trametinib leads to the loss of ERK2 at the MYOG promoter and releases the transcriptional stalling of MYOG expression. MYOG subsequently opens chromatin and establishes super-enhancers at genes required for late myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, trametinib, in combination with an inhibitor of IGF1R, potently decreases rhabdomyosarcoma cell viability and slows tumor growth in xenograft models. Therefore, this combination represents a potential therapeutic for RAS-mutated rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle E Yohe
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. .,Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Berkley E Gryder
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Young K Song
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hsien-Chao Chou
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sivasish Sindiri
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rajesh Patidar
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rajarashi Guha
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Pathology/Histotechnology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kristine A Isanogle
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Christina M Robinson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ashley Walton
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Parirokh Awasthi
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Pathology/Histotechnology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Jun S Wei
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keji Zhao
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Cataisson C, Salcedo R, Michalowski AM, Klosterman M, Naik S, Li L, Pan MJ, Sweet A, Chen JQ, Kostecka LG, Karwan M, Smith L, Dai RM, Stewart CA, Lyakh L, Hsieh WT, Khan A, Yang H, Lee M, Trinchieri G, Yuspa SH. T-Cell Deletion of MyD88 Connects IL17 and IκBζ to RAS Oncogenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1759-1773. [PMID: 31164412 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer development requires a favorable tissue microenvironment. By deleting Myd88 in keratinocytes or specific bone marrow subpopulations in oncogenic RAS-mediated skin carcinogenesis, we show that IL17 from infiltrating T cells and IκBζ signaling in keratinocytes are essential to produce a permissive microenvironment and tumor formation. Both normal and RAS-transformed keratinocytes respond to tumor promoters by activating canonical NF-κB and IκBζ signaling, releasing specific cytokines and chemokines that attract Th17 cells through MyD88-dependent signaling in T cells. The release of IL17 into the microenvironment elevates IκBζ in normal and RAS-transformed keratinocytes. Activation of IκBζ signaling is required for the expression of specific promoting factors induced by IL17 in normal keratinocytes and constitutively expressed in RAS-initiated keratinocytes. Deletion of Nfkbiz in keratinocytes impairs RAS-mediated benign tumor formation. Transcriptional profiling and gene set enrichment analysis of IκBζ-deficient RAS-initiated keratinocytes indicate that IκBζ signaling is common for RAS transformation of multiple epithelial cancers. Probing The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets using this transcriptional profile indicates that reduction of IκBζ signaling during cancer progression associates with poor prognosis in RAS-driven human cancers. IMPLICATIONS: The paradox that elevation of IκBζ and stimulation of IκBζ signaling through tumor extrinsic factors is required for RAS-mediated benign tumor formation while relative IκBζ expression is reduced in advanced cancers with poor prognosis implies that tumor cells switch from microenvironmental dependency early in carcinogenesis to cell-autonomous pathways during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosalba Salcedo
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland
| | | | - Mary Klosterman
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology and Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Luowei Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michelle J Pan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amalia Sweet
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Megan Karwan
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Loretta Smith
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland
| | - Ren-Ming Dai
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Lyudmila Lyakh
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland.,Division of Allergy, Immunology & Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda Maryland
| | | | - Asra Khan
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland
| | - Howard Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maxwell Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
Citation Format: Penzvalto Z, Chen JQ, Cardiff RD, Willis B, Hubbard NE, Piersigilli A, Borowsky AD. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-03-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Penzvalto
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - JQ Chen
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - RD Cardiff
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Willis
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - NE Hubbard
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Piersigilli
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - AD Borowsky
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Li WW, Qiao HT, Li H, Jiang ZQ, Chen JQ. [Application of star card in edge enhancement processing of pneumoconiosis DR image]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36:208-211. [PMID: 29996224 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The feasibility of applying DR card in the quality control of chest film of pneumoconiosis was discussed by using the image detail change of 1 degree star card. Methods: With different types of grid DR device for star card photography, to ensure that the grid bars are orthogonal to the direction of star card image quality is stable, conforms to the DR standard of pneumoconiosis image edge enhancement processing, analysis of the relationship between lung tissue image changes and changes with fuzzy star card. By 3 physicians blind reading way, compare the use of auxiliary judgment and direct x-ray star catu judgment in the accuracy evaluation of whether the use of edge enhancement function. Results: Fuzzy images of star card were consistent with lung tissues details as DR images were treated with edge enhancement. The fuzzy zore was closer to the start card center with more image edge enhancement and more image details sharpening. on the opposite, it was farther from the center with less with edge enhancement and less image sharpening. It's valuable for star card analysis to evaluate the accuracy of the application of image edge enhancement (P<0.001). Conclusion: To determine whether the use of X-ray star catu edge feasible enhancements can be used for health supervision and quality supervision and quality control of the institution itself of radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Li
- Tai'an Central Hospital Branch, Tai'an 271000, China
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36
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Zhao JJ, Jiang ZQ, Zhang M, Xiao Y, Chen JQ. [Window settings in the application of pneumoconiosis digital radiography]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 35:505-507. [PMID: 29081099 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore window settings technology in the digital radiography of pneumoconiosis, and to improve the quality of the digital chest radiographs. Methods: 25 female workers in a asbestos product processing enterprise were examined with high-kV and DR chest radiographies on same day. Consistency of pneumoconiosis diagnosis results: were assessed. Results In the 75 groups of radiograph quality results, there are 62 groups that need to be processed window in order to make the correct diagnosis. The crude agreement among two chest radiographs was 28% for the profusion of small opacities and 76% for the classification of pneumoconiosis, the weighted kappa value (κ) was 0.33 (95%CI: 0.12-0.54) and 0.67 (95%CI: 0.42-0.92) . Conclusions: window settings technology can display different parts of chest and make DR chest radiograph to meeting the requirements of chest radiograph quality for pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Zhao
- HongZhou Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Dieseases, Hangzhou 310005, China
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37
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Liang X, Wang Y, Liu L, Gao M, Yu Y, Wang Z, Chen J, Liu X, Liu W. Relationship Between Metamorphopsia and Macular Parameters Before and After Idiopathic Macular Hole Surgery. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018; 49:595-602. [DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20180803-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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38
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Cummins TJ, Kedei N, Czikora A, Lewin NE, Kirk S, Petersen ME, McGowan KM, Chen JQ, Luo X, Johnson RC, Ravichandran S, Blumberg PM, Keck GE. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Fluorescent Bryostatin Analogues. Chembiochem 2018; 19:877-889. [PMID: 29424951 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the cellular distribution of tumor-promoting vs. non-tumor-promoting bryostatin analogues, we synthesized fluorescently labeled variants of two bryostatin derivatives that have previously shown either phorbol ester-like or bryostatin-like biological activity in U937 leukemia cells. These new fluorescent analogues both displayed high affinity for protein kinase C (PKC) binding and retained the basic properties of the parent unlabeled compounds in U937 assays. The fluorescent compounds showed similar patterns of intracellular distribution in cells, however; this argues against an existing hypothesis that various patterns of intracellular distribution are responsible for differences in biological activity. Upon further characterization, the fluorescent compounds revealed a slow rate of cellular uptake; correspondingly, they showed reduced activity for cellular responses that were only transient upon treatment with phorbol ester or bryostatin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Cummins
- University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Room 4048, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Agnes Czikora
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Room 4048, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nancy E Lewin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Room 4048, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sharon Kirk
- University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Mark E Petersen
- University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Kevin M McGowan
- University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Room 1044, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Room 1044, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Randall C Johnson
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences Biomedical Informatics, and Data Science (BIDS), Directorate Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNLCR), Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Building 430, Miller Drive, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Sarangan Ravichandran
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences Biomedical Informatics, and Data Science (BIDS), Directorate Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNLCR), Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Building 430, Miller Drive, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Peter M Blumberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Room 4048, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gary E Keck
- University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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Knudson KM, Hicks KC, Luo X, Chen JQ, Schlom J, Gameiro SR. M7824, a novel bifunctional anti-PD-L1/TGFβ Trap fusion protein, promotes anti-tumor efficacy as monotherapy and in combination with vaccine. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1426519. [PMID: 29721396 PMCID: PMC5927523 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1426519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors evade host immune surveillance through multiple mechanisms, including the generation of a tumor microenvironment that suppresses immune effector function. Secretion of TGFβ and upregulation of immune checkpoint programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) are two main contributors to immune evasion and tumor progression. Here, we examined the efficacy of a first-in-class bifunctional checkpoint inhibitor, the fusion protein M7824, comprising the extracellular domain of human TGFβRII (TGFβ Trap) linked to the C-terminus of human anti-PD-L1 heavy chain (αPD-L1). We demonstrate that M7824 reduces plasma TGFβ1, binds to PD-L1 in the tumor, and decreases TGFβ-induced signaling in the tumor microenvironment in mice. In murine breast and colon carcinoma models, M7824 decreased tumor burden and increased overall survival as compared to targeting TGFβ alone. M7824 treatment promoted CD8+ T cell and NK cell activation, and both of these immune populations were required for optimal M7824-mediated tumor control. M7824 was superior to TGFβ- or αPD-L1-targeted therapies when in combination with a therapeutic cancer vaccine. These findings demonstrate the value of using M7824 to simultaneously target TGFβ and PD-L1/PD-1 immunosuppressive pathways to promote anti-tumor responses and efficacy. The studies also support the potential clinical use of M7824 as a monotherapy or in combination with other immunotherapies, such as therapeutic cancer vaccines, including for patients who have progressed on αPD-L1/αPD-1 checkpoint blockade therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin M Knudson
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristin C Hicks
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource (CPTR), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource (CPTR), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sofia R Gameiro
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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40
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Flanders KC, Yang YA, Herrmann M, Chen J, Mendoza N, Mirza AM, Wakefield LM. Quantitation of TGF-β proteins in mouse tissues shows reciprocal changes in TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in normal vs neoplastic mammary epithelium. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38164-38179. [PMID: 27203217 PMCID: PMC5122380 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs) regulate tissue homeostasis, and their expression is perturbed in many diseases. The three isoforms (TGF-β1, -β2, and -β3) have similar bioactivities in vitro but show distinct activities in vivo. Little quantitative information exists for expression of TGF-β isoform proteins in physiology or disease. We developed an optimized method to quantitate protein levels of the three isoforms, using a Luminex® xMAP®-based multianalyte assay following acid-ethanol extraction of tissues. Analysis of multiple tissues and plasma from four strains of adult mice showed that TGF-β1 is the predominant isoform with TGF-β2 being ~10-fold lower. There were no sex-specific differences in isoform expression, but some tissues showed inter-strain variation, particularly for TGF-β2. The only adult tissue expressing appreciable TGF-β3 was the mammary gland, where its levels were comparable to TGF-β1. In situ hybridization showed the luminal epithelium as the major source of all TGF-β isoforms in the normal mammary gland. TGF-β1 protein was 3-8-fold higher in three murine mammary tumor models than in normal mammary gland, while TGF-β3 protein was 2-3-fold lower in tumors than normal tissue, suggesting reciprocal regulation of these isoforms in mammary tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen C Flanders
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yu-An Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michelle Herrmann
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - JinQiu Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nerissa Mendoza
- XOMA Corporation, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Amer M Mirza
- XOMA Corporation, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Lalage M Wakefield
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Ding ZF, Chen JQ, Lin J, Zhu XS, Xu GH, Wang RL, Meng QG, Wang W. Development of In situ hybridization and real-time PCR assays for the detection of Hepatospora eriocheir, a microsporidian pathogen in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:919-927. [PMID: 27859349 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A microsporidian parasite, Hepatospora eriocheir, is an emerging pathogen for the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Currently, there is scant information about the way it transmits infection in the crustacean of commercial importance, including its pathogenesis, propagation and infection route in vivo. In this study, chromogenic in situ hybridization (ISH) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays were developed to address this pressing need, and we provided an advance in the detection methods available. Pathogens can be seen in situ with associated lesions using ISH. Positive hybridization signals were noted inside the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreas, and putative free parasite spores were observed within the tubule lumen, which were associated with lesions detected by electron microscopy and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) analysis. qPCR allows the determination of parasite loads in infected tissues, which is important for understanding disease progression and transmission. The hepatopancreas displayed the biggest statistical copy numbers among different tissues of infected crabs, confirming a tissue-specific pathogen infection characteristic. The qPCR assay also proved to be suitable for the diagnosis of asymptomatic carrier crabs. Combination of the two methods could facilitate the study of H. eriocheir infection mechanism in E. sinensis, enhance the early diagnosis of the pathogen and improve the management of microsporidian diseases in commercial crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z F Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - X S Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - G H Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - R L Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q G Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Osei-Tutu A, Nunes AT, Lee JM, Yu M, Hernandez L, Chen HX, Takebe N, Houston ND, Ekwede I, Steinberg SM, Chen JQ, Cao L, Figg WD, Butcher D, Annunziata CM, Kohn EC. A phase I dose expansion cohort study of dasatinib in combination with bevacizumab in advanced solid tumors (NCT01445509). J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2585 Background: Dasatinib is a known inhibitor of the SRC family kinases and is approved for use in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Bevacizumab inhibits angiogenesis, binding to human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, or VEGF-A) with high affinity. VEGF receptor signals intracellularly via a cascade regulated by SRC. Given the presence of this signaling pathway in both tumor cells and endothelial cells, we hypothesized that attenuation of both SRC and VEGF simultaneously would have synergistic antitumor activity. We previously reported the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of dasatinib 100mg daily with bevacizumab 10mg/kg q2wk in patients with advanced solid tumors. We now report clinical activity of the combination, and translational endpoints of an expansion cohort. Methods: This is a phase 1 dose escalation with non-randomized expansion cohort. We monitored safety, and response was assessed every 8 weeks using RECIST criteria. Correlative endpoints include blood flow by dynamic MR imaging, endothelial cell density by CD31 immunohistochemistry, functional angiogenic potential by plasma cytokines and rat aortic ring assay, and tumor cell activation state by phosphoprotein analysis. Results: We enrolled 39 patients at the MTD for a total of 50 patients on study, including both the dose escalation and dose expansion phases. No patient experienced dose limiting toxicities during dose escalation. The most common adverse events were grade 2 hypertension and proteinuria. By RECIST, 5 (10%) patients had a partial response, and stable disease was seen in 29 (58%) of patients with a range from 12-145+ weeks on study. We had two exceptional responders with endometrial carcinoma who continue on study to date (112 weeks and 145 weeks). Translational endpoints were correlated with clinical outcome. Conclusions: Bevacizumab and dasatinib are safe in combination, with potential clinical activity. This combination warrants further investigation in solid tumors. Ongoing translational research using specimens from exceptional responders will suggest potential biomarkers of clinical benefit, to be tested in future prospective clinical trials. Clinical trial information: NCT01445509.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jung-min Lee
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Minshu Yu
- Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lidia Hernandez
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Naoko Takebe
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Nicole D. Houston
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Irene Ekwede
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Seth M. Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, CCR, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Liang Cao
- National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Donna Butcher
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
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Simmons JK, Michalowski AM, Gamache BJ, DuBois W, Patel J, Zhang K, Gary J, Zhang S, Gaikwad S, Connors D, Watson N, Leon E, Chen JQ, Kuehl WM, Lee MP, Zingone A, Landgren O, Ordentlich P, Huang J, Mock BA. Cooperative Targets of Combined mTOR/HDAC Inhibition Promote MYC Degradation. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2008-2021. [PMID: 28522584 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatments often require combinations of molecularly targeted agents to be effective. mTORi (rapamycin) and HDACi (MS-275/entinostat) inhibitors have been shown to be effective in limiting tumor growth, and here we define part of the cooperative action of this drug combination. More than 60 human cancer cell lines responded synergistically (CI<1) when treated with this drug combination compared with single agents. In addition, a breast cancer patient-derived xenograft, and a BCL-XL plasmacytoma mouse model both showed enhanced responses to the combination compared with single agents. Mice bearing plasma cell tumors lived an average of 70 days longer on combination treatment compared with single agents. A set of 37 genes cooperatively affected (34 downregulated; 3 upregulated) by the combination responded pharmacodynamically in human myeloma cell lines, xenografts, and a P493 model, and were both enriched in tumors, and correlated with prognostic markers in myeloma patient datasets. Genes downregulated by the combination were overexpressed in several untreated cancers (breast, lung, colon, sarcoma, head and neck, myeloma) compared with normal tissues. The MYC/E2F axis, identified by upstream regulator analyses and validated by immunoblots, was significantly inhibited by the drug combination in several myeloma cell lines. Furthermore, 88% of the 34 genes downregulated have MYC-binding sites in their promoters, and the drug combination cooperatively reduced MYC half-life by 55% and increased degradation. Cells with MYC mutations were refractory to the combination. Thus, integrative approaches to understand drug synergy identified a clinically actionable strategy to inhibit MYC/E2F activity and tumor cell growth in vivoMol Cancer Ther; 16(9); 2008-21. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Simmons
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Wendy DuBois
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jyoti Patel
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ke Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joy Gary
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Snehal Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel Connors
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nicholas Watson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elena Leon
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Maxwell P Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adriana Zingone
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ola Landgren
- Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jing Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Beverly A Mock
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Zhang S, Gary JM, Simmons JK, Xu J, Gamache BJ, Zhang K, Watson N, Kovalchuk AL, Michalowski AM, Chen JQ, Herrmann MA, Thaiwong T, Kiupel M, Dubois W, Testa JR, Mock BA. Abstract 2833: Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of mTOR delays mortality due to thymc lymphoma formation in mice and is associated with decreases in cell cycle proteins. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently hyperactivated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). To model inhibition of this pathway in lymphoma, mice with T-lymphocyte-specific, constitutively active AKT (Lck-MyrAkt2) were crossed to mice with genetically reduced mTOR expression (knock-down, KD). Mice with genetic reduction of mTOR had increased survival by 10 weeks relative to wild type mTOR mice, though both developed thymic pre-T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (pre-T LBL). Similarly, when mTOR wild type Lck-MyrAkt2 mice were treated for 8 weeks with the rapamycin analog, everolimus, an inhibitor of the mTOR TORC1 complex, survival was also increased. Gene expression profiling of thymic lymphomas from the mice revealed that mTOR KD was associated with decreased expression of Cdk6, a critical proliferative control node in T-cell development and oncogenic transformation. Pharmacologic inhibition of mTOR in tumor cells also decreased CDK6. The combination of a mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) and a CDK4/6 inhibitor (PD-0332991, Palbociclib) synergistically decreased the overall viability and signaling downstream of drug targets in mouse lymphoma cells and in human T-ALL/LBL cell lines. This combination was also evaluated in mice using a disseminated leukemia model. In vivo treatment with this combination not only reduced tumor size by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and arresting tumor cell cycle, but also increased overall survival. We are currently validating upstream regulators of Cdk6 as well as downstream targets in the pre-T LBL tumors from the mTOR deficient mice.
Citation Format: Shuling Zhang, Joy M. Gary, John K. Simmons, Jinfei Xu, Benjamin J. Gamache, Ke Zhang, Nicholas Watson, Alexander L. Kovalchuk, Aleksandra M. Michalowski, Jin-Qiu Chen, Michelle A. Herrmann, Tuddow Thaiwong, Matti Kiupel, Wendy Dubois, Joseph R. Testa, Beverly A. Mock. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of mTOR delays mortality due to thymc lymphoma formation in mice and is associated with decreases in cell cycle proteins. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2833.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jinfei Xu
- 2Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Ke Zhang
- 1National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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45
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Yan W, Chen ZY, Chen JQ, Chen HM. Association between the interleukin-1β gene -511C/T polymorphism and ischemic stroke: an updated meta-analysis. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7580. [PMID: 27323153 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between the interleukin-1β gene (IL1B) -511C/T polymorphism and ischemic stroke (IS) risk. However, the results are inconsistent. We performed this meta-analysis of all available case-control studies that evaluated the relationship between the IL1B -511C/T polymorphism and IS. Studies were retrieved from the PubMed and Embase databases. Statistical analyses were conducted using the STATA 11.0 software. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were applied to determine the strength of association. Nine studies comprising a total of 2072 patients and 2173 controls were included. No significant variation in IS risk was detected in any of the genetic models (CC vs TT: OR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.48-1.27; CT vs TT: OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.62-1.10; dominant model: OR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.55-1.15; recessive model: OR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.66-1.24). Taking into account the effects of race, further subgroup analyses were performed and our results showed no association between the IL1B gene -511C/T polymorphism and IS in either Asians or Caucasians. No publication bias was found in our study. In conclusion, the IL1B gene -511C/T polymorphism might not be associated with IS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yan
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Y Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - H M Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Xin HW, Ambe CM, Miller TC, Chen JQ, Wiegand GW, Anderson AJ, Ray S, Mullinax JE, Hari DM, Koizumi T, Godbout JD, Goldsmith PK, Stojadinovic A, Rudloff U, Thorgeirsson SS, Avital I. Liver Label Retaining Cancer Cells Are Relatively Resistant to the Reported Anti-Cancer Stem Cell Drug Metformin. J Cancer 2016; 7:1142-51. [PMID: 27326258 PMCID: PMC4911882 DOI: 10.7150/jca.10047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims: Recently, we reported that liver Label Retaining Cancer Cells (LRCC) can initiate tumors with only 10 cells and are relatively resistant to the targeted drug Sorafenib, a standard of practice in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LRCC are the only cancer stem cells (CSC) isolated alive according to a stem cell fundamental function, asymmetric cell division. Metformin has been reported to preferentially target many other types of CSC of different organs, including liver. It's important to know if LRCC, a novel class of CSC, are relatively resistant to metformin, unlike other types of CSC. As metformin inhibits the Sorafenib-Target-Protein (STP) PI3K, and LRCC are newly described CSC, we undertook this study to test the effects of Metformin on Sorafenib-treated HCC and HCC-derived-LRCC. Methods: We tested various STP levels and phosphorylation status, associated genes' expression, proliferation, viability, toxicity, and apoptosis profiles, before and after treatment with Sorafenib with/without Metformin. Results: Metformin enhances the effects of Sorafenib on HCC, and significantly decreased viability/proliferation of HCC cells. This insulin-independent effect was associated with inhibition of multiple STPs (PKC, ERK, JNK and AKT). However, Metformin increased the relative proportion of LRCCs. Comparing LRCC vs. non-LRCC, this effect was associated with improved toxicity and apoptosis profiles, down-regulation of cell death genes and up-regulation of cell proliferation and survival genes in LRCC. Concomitantly, Metformin up-regulated pluripotency, Wnt, Notch and SHH pathways genes in LRCC vs. non-LRCC. Conclusions: Metformin and Sorafenib have enhanced anti-cancer effects. However, in contradistinction to reports on other types of CSC, Metformin is less effective against HCC-derived-CSC LRCC. Our results suggest that combining Metformin with Sorafenib may be able to repress the bulk of tumor cells, but as with other anti-cancer drugs, may leave LRCC behind leading to cancer recurrence. Therefore, liver LRCC, unlike other types of CSC, are relatively resistant to the reported anti-cancer stem cell drug metformin. This is the first report that there is a type of CSC that is not relatively resistant to the CSC-targeting drug. Our findings suggest that a drug targeting LRCC may be critically needed to target CSC and prevent cancer recurrence. These may significantly contribute to the understanding of Metformin's anti-cancer effects and the development of novel drugs targeting the relatively resistant LRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wu Xin
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;; 2. Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chenwi M Ambe
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tyler C Miller
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- 3. Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gordon W Wiegand
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew J Anderson
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Satyajit Ray
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John E Mullinax
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Danielle M Hari
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tomotake Koizumi
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica D Godbout
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul K Goldsmith
- 3. Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander Stojadinovic
- 5. Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Udo Rudloff
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Snorri S Thorgeirsson
- 4. Laboratory for Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Itzhak Avital
- 1. Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;; 6. Department of Surgery, Saint Peter's Healthcare System, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Cekan P, Hasegawa K, Pan Y, Tubman E, Odde D, Chen JQ, Herrmann MA, Kumar S, Kalab P. RCC1-dependent activation of Ran accelerates cell cycle and DNA repair, inhibiting DNA damage-induced cell senescence. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1346-57. [PMID: 26864624 PMCID: PMC4831887 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-01-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination of cell cycle progression with the repair of DNA damage supports the genomic integrity of dividing cells. The function of many factors involved in DNA damage response (DDR) and the cell cycle depends on their Ran GTPase-regulated nuclear-cytoplasmic transport (NCT). The loading of Ran with GTP, which is mediated by RCC1, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran, is critical for NCT activity. However, the role of RCC1 or Ran⋅GTP in promoting cell proliferation or DDR is not clear. We show that RCC1 overexpression in normal cells increased cellular Ran⋅GTP levels and accelerated the cell cycle and DNA damage repair. As a result, normal cells overexpressing RCC1 evaded DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and senescence, mimicking colorectal carcinoma cells with high endogenous RCC1 levels. The RCC1-induced inhibition of senescence required Ran and exportin 1 and involved the activation of importin β-dependent nuclear import of 53BP1, a large NCT cargo. Our results indicate that changes in the activity of the Ran⋅GTP-regulated NCT modulate the rate of the cell cycle and the efficiency of DNA repair. Through the essential role of RCC1 in regulation of cellular Ran⋅GTP levels and NCT, RCC1 expression enables the proliferation of cells that sustain DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Cekan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Keisuke Hasegawa
- Department of Physics, Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA 50112 Physiology Course, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| | - Yu Pan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Emily Tubman
- Physiology Course, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - David Odde
- Physiology Course, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Michelle A Herrmann
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sheetal Kumar
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Petr Kalab
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Chen JQ, Fang LJ, Song KX, Wang XC, Huang YY, Chai SY, Bu L, Qu S. Serum Irisin Level is Higher and Related with Insulin in Acanthosis Nigricans-related Obesity. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015; 124:203-7. [PMID: 26588491 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1565060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is proved to be a skin phenotype of hyperinsulinemia especially in obese patients. Irisin is a new myokine which plays an important role in metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. The role of irisin in the development of AN-related obesity is not yet understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between irisin and AN-related obesity. Patients & Measurements: 30 obese patients without AN (OB group), 30 obese patients with AN (AN group), and 20 age-matched healthy volunteers (control group, CON) were included in this study. Weight, BMI, lipid profile, FFA, UA, and CRP were measured in all participants. Oral Glucose Tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed and serum glucose and plasma insulin were measured at 0, 30, 60,120 and 180 min. The AUC (area under curve) of glucose and insulin was calculated. Serum irisin was measured by ELISA. RESULTS Hyperinsulinemia is found in both AN and OB groups. The AN group had higher levels of insulin but better blood glucose tolerance and insulin response. The difference in irisin levels between the 3 groups was statistically significant, with the AN group showing the highest serum level of irisin. Serum irisin levels were positively correlated with BMI, and fasting insulin. CONCLUSION AN is a state of hyperinsulinmia and has better insulin response and glucose tolerance compared to obese patients without AN. Serum irisin may be a protective factor against impaired beta cell function in obesity with AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - L J Fang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - K X Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - X C Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Y Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Y Chai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Noonan AM, Bunch KP, Chen JQ, Herrmann MA, Lee JM, Kohn EC, O'Sullivan CC, Jordan E, Houston N, Takebe N, Kinders RJ, Cao L, Peer CJ, Figg WD, Annunziata CM. Pharmacodynamic markers and clinical results from the phase 2 study of the SMAC mimetic birinapant in women with relapsed platinum-resistant or -refractory epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer 2015; 122:588-597. [PMID: 26566079 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are key regulators of apoptosis and are frequently dysregulated in ovarian cancer. It was hypothesized that blocking IAPs with birinapant would increase tumor cell death and result in objective responses for women with platinum-refractory and -resistant ovarian cancer. METHODS In this phase 2, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program-sponsored study, patients received birinapant at 47 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15 of 28-day cycles. Pharmacokinetics were obtained during cycle 1. Plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and percutaneous tumor biopsy samples were collected before cycle 1 and after 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was an objective response or progression-free survival lasting greater than 6 months in a mini-max design. RESULTS Eleven patients received birinapant; after this, accrual was terminated for lack of a clinical benefit. Birinapant was well tolerated, with predominantly grade 2 adverse events and 1 case of grade 3 lymphopenia. Pretreatment biopsy samples and PBMCs were collected; paired posttreatment biopsy samples and PBMCs were collected from 7 and 10 patients, respectively. There was consistent downregulation of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 in tumors (P = .016) and PBMCs (P < .01). Procaspase 3 also decreased in tumors (P = .031) and PBMCs (P < .01); cleaved caspase 3 colocalized with H2A histone family member X (γ-H2AX) in tumors after birinapant exposure. Peripheral T and B cells decreased significantly after treatment, but natural killer cells did not (P = .04, P = .05, and P = .43, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Birinapant shows consistent target suppression in vivo without single-agent antitumor activity in this small population. Single-agent pharmacodynamics are necessary to understand the drug's mechanism of action and set the stage for rational combination therapy. Preclinical studies are ongoing to identify optimal synergistic combinations for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristen P Bunch
- Women's Malignancies Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, NCI, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Naoko Takebe
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, NCI, Shady Grove, MD
| | - Robert J Kinders
- Pharmacodynamic Assay Development and Implementation Section, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Frederick, MD
| | - Liang Cao
- Cancer Genetics Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD
| | - W Douglas Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD
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Holkova B, Zingone A, Kmieciak M, Bose P, Badros AZ, Voorhees PM, Baz R, Korde N, Lin HY, Chen JQ, Herrmann M, Xi L, Raffeld M, Zhao X, Wan W, Tombes MB, Shrader E, Weir-Wiggins C, Sankala H, Hogan KT, Doyle A, Annunziata CM, Wellons M, Roberts JD, Sullivan D, Landgren O, Grant S. A Phase II Trial of AZD6244 (Selumetinib, ARRY-142886), an Oral MEK1/2 Inhibitor, in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:1067-75. [PMID: 26446942 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE AZD6244 is a MEK1/2 inhibitor with significant preclinical activity in multiple myeloma cells. This phase II study used a two-stage Simon design to determine the AZD6244 response rate in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AZD6244 (75 mg) was administered orally, twice a day, continuously for 28-day cycles. Response was evaluated after three cycles. RESULTS Thirty-six patients received therapy. The median age was 65 years (range: 43-81) and the median number of prior therapies was 5 (range: 2-11). The most common grade 3 and 4 toxicities included anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and fatigue. Three deaths occurred possibly related to AZD6244 (2 due to sepsis, 1 due to acute kidney injury). After AZD6244 discontinuation, three additional deaths occurred due to disease progression. The response rate (CR + PR) was 5.6% with a mean duration of response of 4.95 months and median progression-free survival time of 3.52 months. One patient had a very good partial response (VGPR), 1 patient had a partial response, 17 patients had stable disease, 13 patients had progressive disease, and 4 patients could not be assessed for response. Pharmacodynamic studies revealed variable effects on bone marrow CD138(+) cell MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The best clinical response, a prolonged VGPR, occurred in a patient with an MMSET translocation. CONCLUSIONS Single-agent AZD6244 was tolerable and had minimal activity in this heavily pretreated population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Holkova
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
| | - Adriana Zingone
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maciej Kmieciak
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Prithviraj Bose
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ashraf Z Badros
- Department of Medicine, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter M Voorhees
- Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Rachid Baz
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Neha Korde
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Department of Biostatistics and Biomedical Informatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michelle Herrmann
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Biomedical Informatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Wen Wan
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mary Beth Tombes
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ellen Shrader
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Caryn Weir-Wiggins
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Heidi Sankala
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kevin T Hogan
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Austin Doyle
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christina M Annunziata
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martha Wellons
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - John D Roberts
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Daniel Sullivan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ola Landgren
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven Grant
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Institute for Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
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