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Chen Y, He J, Lei H, Tu Q, Huang C, Cheng X, Yang X, Liu H, Huo C. Regulating oxygen vacancies by Zn atom doping to anchor and disperse promoter Ba on MgO support to improve Ru-based catalysts activity for ammonia synthesis. RSC Adv 2024; 14:13157-13167. [PMID: 38655461 PMCID: PMC11037240 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01517g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In heterogeneous catalysis, surface defects are widely regarded as an effective means to enhance the catalytic performance of catalysts. In this study, the oxygen vacancy-rich Mg(1-X)ZnXO solid solution support was successfully prepared by doping a small amount of Zn into MgO nanocrystals. Based on this support, Ru/Ba-Mg(1-X)ZnXO catalyst for ammonia synthesis was prepared. Characterization using TEM, EPR, XPS, and DFT calculations confirmed the successful substitution of Zn atoms for Mg atoms leading to the formation of more oxygen vacancies (OVs). N2-TPD, SEM and TEM analyses revealed that a small amount of Zn had minimal influence on the surface morphology and the size of Ru nanoparticles. The abundance of OVs in the support was identified as the primary factor enhancing the catalytic activity. XPS, H2-TPD and kinetics experiment studies further elucidated the mechanism by which OVs promote the reaction, with OVs serving as an anchor point for the promoter Ba on the MgO support and promoted the dispersion of Ba. This anchoring effect not only enhanced the electron density on Ru, favoring the dissociation of the N[triple bond, length as m-dash]N bond, but also mitigated hydrogen poisoning. As a result,the ammonia synthesis rate reached 1.73 mmol g-1 h-1. Furthermore, the CO2-TPD and H2-TPR analyses indicated that Zn doping effectively promotes the metal-support interaction (MSI) and surface alkalinity. The findings of this study offers valuable insights for the design of defective modified catalyst supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Junqiao He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Qunyao Tu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Chen Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Xiangwei Cheng
- Modern Educational Technology Experimental Center, Zhejiang Police College Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Xiazhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Huazhang Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Chao Huo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology and Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
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Saikia A, Mejicanos G, Rothy J, Rajendiran E, Yang C, Nyachoti M, Lei H, Bergsma R, Wu Y, Jin S, Rodas-Gonzalez A. Pork carcass composition, meat and belly qualities as influenced by feed efficiency selection in replacement boars from Large White sire and dam lines. Meat Sci 2024; 210:109423. [PMID: 38218007 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated carcass attributes, meat and belly qualities in finisher boars (n = 79) selected for feed efficiency (low, intermediate and high) based on estimated breeding value for feed conversion ratio within a Large White dam and sire genetic lines. The sire line had lower trimmed fat proportions and higher lean than the dam line (P < 0.01). Genetic lines expressed slight colour changes and drip losses (P < 0.05), with no differences in pH, marbling and cooking traits (P > 0.05). High-efficient animals presented the highest lean yield (P < 0.01), the lowest trimmed fat proportion (P < 0.01) and no effect on meat and belly quality attributes (P > 0.05) compared with other efficient groups. Interaction between efficiency group and genetic line was only detected for belly weight and thickness (P < 0.01). High-efficient animals offer a greater leanness level, with minimal impact on meat and belly quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saikia
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - G Mejicanos
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J Rothy
- Food Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - E Rajendiran
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - C Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - M Nyachoti
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - H Lei
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Topigs Norsvin Canada Inc., Oak Bluff, MB R4G 0C4, Canada
| | - R Bergsma
- Topigs Norsvin Research Centre, Beuningen, the Netherlands
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - S Jin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - A Rodas-Gonzalez
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Chen J, Luo D, Sun C, Sun X, Dai C, Hu X, Wu L, Lei H, Ding F, Chen W, Li X. Predicting COVID-19 Re-Positive Cases in Malnourished Older Adults: A Clinical Model Development and Validation. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:421-437. [PMID: 38487375 PMCID: PMC10937181 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s449338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Building and validating a clinical prediction model for novel coronavirus (COVID-19) re-positive cases in malnourished older adults. Patients and Methods Malnourished older adults from January to May 2023 were retrospectively collected from the Department of Geriatrics of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. They were divided into a "non-re-positive" group and a "re-positive" group based on the number of COVID-19 infections, and into a training set and a validation set at a 7:3 ratio. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors for COVID-19 re-positivity in malnourished older adults, and a nomogram was constructed. Independent influencing factors were screened by multivariate logistic regression. The model's goodness-of-fit, discrimination, calibration, and clinical impact were assessed by Hosmer-Lemeshow test, area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analysis (CIC), respectively. Results We included 347 cases, 243 in the training set, and 104 in the validation set. We screened 10 variables as factors influencing the outcome. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, preliminary identified protective factors, risk factors, and independent influencing factors that affect the re-positive outcome. We constructed a clinical prediction model for COVID-19 re-positivity in malnourished older adults. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test yielded χ2 =5.916, P =0.657; the AUC was 0.881; when the threshold probability was >8%, using this model to predict whether malnourished older adults were re-positive for COVID-19 was more beneficial than implementing intervention programs for all patients; when the threshold was >80%, the positive estimated value was closer to the actual number of cases. Conclusion This model can help identify the risk of COVID-19 re-positivity in malnourished older adults early, facilitate early clinical decision-making and intervention, and have important implications for improving patient outcomes. We also expect more large-scale, multicenter studies to further validate, refine, and update this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danmei Luo
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengxia Sun
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Sun
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changmao Dai
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangqing Wu
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Ding
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueping Li
- Geriatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Xu M, Hong JJ, Ciardiello A, Lei H, Shern JF, Thiele CJ. MYCN drives oncogenesis by cooperating with the histone methyltransferase G9a and the WDR5 adaptor to orchestrate global gene transcription. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002240. [PMID: 38547242 PMCID: PMC11003700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
MYCN activates canonical MYC targets involved in ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis, and represses neuronal differentiation genes to drive oncogenesis in neuroblastoma (NB). How MYCN orchestrates global gene expression remains incompletely understood. Our study finds that MYCN binds promoters to up-regulate canonical MYC targets but binds to both enhancers and promoters to repress differentiation genes. MYCN binding also increases H3K4me3 and H3K27ac on canonical MYC target promoters and decreases H3K27ac on neuronal differentiation gene enhancers and promoters. WDR5 facilitates MYCN promoter binding to activate canonical MYC target genes, whereas MYCN recruits G9a to enhancers to repress neuronal differentiation genes. Targeting both MYCN's active and repressive transcriptional activities using both WDR5 and G9a inhibitors synergistically suppresses NB growth. We demonstrate that MYCN cooperates with WDR5 and G9a to orchestrate global gene transcription. The targeting of both these cofactors is a novel therapeutic strategy to indirectly target the oncogenic activity of MYCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Man Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jason J. Hong
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Amanda Ciardiello
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carol J. Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Xiao S, Lin R, Ye H, Li C, Luo Y, Wang G, Lei H. Effect of contact precautions on preventing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission in intensive care units: a review and modelling study of field trials. J Hosp Infect 2024; 144:66-74. [PMID: 38036001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact precautions (CPs) have been widely implemented in hospitals, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs), as the standard approach for managing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the effectiveness of CPs in preventing MRSA transmission remains a subject of debate. AIM To assess the effectiveness of CPs in reducing MRSA transmission within ICUs. METHODS A comprehensive analysis was conducted using data from 16 sets of parameters collected from 13 field studies investigating the effectiveness of CPs in ICUs, and an epidemiologic model was developed to simulate the dynamics of MRSA incidence in the hospital setting. FINDINGS The analysis demonstrated a mean reduction of 20.52% (95% confidence interval -30.52 to 71.60%) in the MRSA transmission rate associated with the implementation of CPs. Furthermore, reducing the time-delay of screening tests and increasing the percentage of patients identified with MRSA through screening at admission were found to contribute to the effectiveness of CPs. CONCLUSION Proper implementation of CPs, with a particular emphasis on early identification of MRSA-colonized/infected patients, demonstrated a strong association with reduced MRSA transmission within the hospital setting. However, further research is necessary to investigate the effectiveness and safety of decolonization and other interventions used in conjunction with CPs to mitigate the risk of infection among colonized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Xiao
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - R Lin
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - H Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Centre of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - C Li
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Y Luo
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - G Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - H Lei
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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McKay-Corkum GB, Collins VJ, Yeung C, Ito T, Issaq SH, Holland D, Vulikh K, Zhang Y, Lee U, Lei H, Mendoza A, Shern JF, Yohe ME, Yamamoto K, Wilson K, Ji J, Karim BO, Thomas CJ, Krishna MC, Neckers LM, Heske CM. Inhibition of NAD+-Dependent Metabolic Processes Induces Cellular Necrosis and Tumor Regression in Rhabdomyosarcoma Models. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4479-4491. [PMID: 37616468 PMCID: PMC10841338 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deregulated metabolism in cancer cells represents a vulnerability that may be therapeutically exploited to benefit patients. One such target is nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway. NAMPT is necessary for efficient NAD+ production and may be exploited in cells with increased metabolic demands. We have identified NAMPT as a dependency in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a malignancy for which novel therapies are critically needed. Here we describe the effect of NAMPT inhibition on RMS proliferation and metabolism in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Assays of proliferation and cell death were used to determine the effects of pharmacologic NAMPT inhibition in a panel of ten molecularly diverse RMS cell lines. Mechanism of the clinical NAMPTi OT-82 was determined using measures of NAD+ and downstream NAD+-dependent functions, including energy metabolism. We used orthotopic xenograft models to examine tolerability, efficacy, and drug mechanism in vivo. RESULTS Across all ten RMS cell lines, OT-82 depleted NAD+ and inhibited cell growth at concentrations ≤1 nmol/L. Significant impairment of glycolysis was a universal finding, with some cell lines also exhibiting diminished oxidative phosphorylation. Most cell lines experienced profound depletion of ATP with subsequent irreversible necrotic cell death. Importantly, loss of NAD and glycolytic activity were confirmed in orthotopic in vivo models, which exhibited complete tumor regressions with OT-82 treatment delivered on the clinical schedule. CONCLUSIONS RMS is highly vulnerable to NAMPT inhibition. These findings underscore the need for further clinical study of this class of agents for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace B. McKay-Corkum
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Victor J. Collins
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Choh Yeung
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Sameer H. Issaq
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - David Holland
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Ksenia Vulikh
- Molecular Histopathology Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Yiping Zhang
- National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Unsun Lee
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Marielle E. Yohe
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Kazutoshi Yamamoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Kelli Wilson
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Jiuping Ji
- National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Baktiar O. Karim
- Molecular Histopathology Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Craig J. Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Murali C. Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Leonard M. Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - Christine M. Heske
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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Li H, Luo J, Wang H, Guo Q, Huang P, Lei H, Li W, Yang J. Non-operative treatment strategy for appendiceal abscess in children under 3 years old: a retrospective observational study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1234820. [PMID: 37954431 PMCID: PMC10634424 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1234820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are few studies on appendiceal abscess with appendicolith in children under 3 years old. This study aims to explore the success rate of non-surgical treatment of appendiceal abscess and assess the potential influence of an appendicolith on non-surgical treatment outcomes in children under 3 years old. Methods The clinical data of children under 3 years old who were diagnosed with appendiceal abscess at the Wuhan Children's Hospital, China, from February 2013 to May 2020 were collected. According to the findings of ultrasonography and CT imaging, they were divided into two groups, namely, the appendicolith group and the non-appendicolith group. Results A total of 94 children with appendiceal abscess were identified, meeting the specified study criteria, and categorized into two groups, namely, the appendicolith group (n = 51, 54.3%) and the non-appendicolith group (n = 43, 45.7%). Non-surgical treatment was unsuccessful in six out of the 94 children, yielding an overall success rate of 93.6% for non-surgical management of appendiceal abscess in children under 3 years old. The success rate for non-surgical treatment in the appendicolith subgroup was 90.2%, whereas that for the non-appendicolith subgroup was 97.7%. No statistically significant distinction was observed between the two groups (P = 0.292). Likewise, there were no significant differences in gender, age, duration of symptoms, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, rebound pain, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein level, and abscess cross-sectional area between the appendicolith group and the non-appendicolith group. However, there is a statistical difference in tenderness in the right lower abdomen. Conclusion Non-surgical treatment of appendiceal abscess has a high success rate and can be considered an effective treatment strategy. In pediatric patients under 3 years old without evidence of complete intestinal obstruction or diffuse peritonitis, non-surgical treatment may be considered for appendiceal abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
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Akshintala S, Sundby RT, Bernstein D, Glod JW, Kaplan RN, Yohe ME, Gross AM, Derdak J, Lei H, Pan A, Dombi E, Palacio-Yance I, Herrera KR, Miettinen MM, Chen HX, Steinberg SM, Helman LJ, Mascarenhas L, Widemann BC, Navid F, Shern JF, Heske CM. Phase I trial of Ganitumab plus Dasatinib to Cotarget the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor and Src Family Kinase YES in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3329-3339. [PMID: 37398992 PMCID: PMC10529967 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antibodies against insulin-like growth factor (IGF) type 1 receptor have shown meaningful but transient tumor responses in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). The SRC family member YES has been shown to mediate IGF type 1 receptor (IGF-1R) antibody acquired resistance, and cotargeting IGF-1R and YES resulted in sustained responses in murine RMS models. We conducted a phase I trial of the anti-IGF-1R antibody ganitumab combined with dasatinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor targeting YES, in patients with RMS (NCT03041701). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with relapsed/refractory alveolar or embryonal RMS and measurable disease were eligible. All patients received ganitumab 18 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks. Dasatinib dose was 60 mg/m2/dose (max 100 mg) oral once daily [dose level (DL)1] or 60 mg/m2/dose (max 70 mg) twice daily (DL2). A 3+3 dose escalation design was used, and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined on the basis of cycle 1 dose-limiting toxicities (DLT). RESULTS Thirteen eligible patients, median age 18 years (range 8-29) enrolled. Median number of prior systemic therapies was 3; all had received prior radiation. Of 11 toxicity-evaluable patients, 1/6 had a DLT at DL1 (diarrhea) and 2/5 had a DLT at DL2 (pneumonitis, hematuria) confirming DL1 as MTD. Of nine response-evaluable patients, one had a confirmed partial response for four cycles, and one had stable disease for six cycles. Genomic studies from cell-free DNA correlated with disease response. CONCLUSIONS The combination of dasatinib 60 mg/m2/dose daily and ganitumab 18 mg/kg every 2 weeks was safe and tolerable. This combination had a disease control rate of 22% at 5 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivandana Akshintala
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - R. Taylor Sundby
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Donna Bernstein
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John W. Glod
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rosandra N. Kaplan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marielle E. Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Frederick, Maryland
| | - Andrea M. Gross
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joanne Derdak
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexander Pan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Isabel Palacio-Yance
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kailey R. Herrera
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Markku M. Miettinen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Helen X. Chen
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Seth M. Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lee J. Helman
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- The Osteosarcoma Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | - Leo Mascarenhas
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brigitte C. Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fariba Navid
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine M. Heske
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Xu M, Hong JJ, Ciardiello A, Lei H, Shern JF, Thiele CJ. MYCN driven oncogenesis involves cooperation with WDR5 to activate canonical MYC targets and G9a to repress differentiation genes. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.11.548643. [PMID: 37781575 PMCID: PMC10541123 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.11.548643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
MYCN activates canonical MYC targets involved in ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis and represses neuronal differentiation genes to drive oncogenesis in neuroblastoma (NB). How MYCN orchestrates global gene expression remains incompletely understood. Our study finds that MYCN binds promoters to up-regulate canonical MYC targets but binds to both enhancers and promoters to repress differentiation genes. MYCN-binding also increases H3K4me3 and H3K27ac on canonical MYC target promoters and decreases H3K27ac on neuronal differentiation gene enhancers and promoters. WDR5 is needed to facilitate MYCN promoter binding to activate canonical MYC target genes, whereas MYCN recruits G9a to enhancers to repress neuronal differentiation genes. Targeting both MYCN's active and repressive transcriptional activities using both WDR5 and G9a inhibitors synergistically suppresses NB growth. We demonstrate that MYCN cooperates with WDR5 and G9a to orchestrate global gene transcription. The targeting of both these cofactors is a novel therapeutic strategy to indirectly target the oncogenic activity of MYCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Man Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason J. Hong
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Ciardiello
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J. Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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10
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Murray B, Zhang X, Abbas S, Lei H, Jafarah H, Shern JF. Abstract 3563: SWI/SNF-associated DPF1 is a unique transcriptional regulator of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are rare soft tissue sarcomas that are typically therapy resistant and associated with a poor prognosis. Genetic aberrations of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) occur in up to 75% of MPNST cases. PRC2 functions antagonistically to SWI/SNF protein complexes, regulating expression of target loci in a dynamic relationship that is critical to normal cellular development and maintenance of cell identity. The consequences of PRC2 loss on chromatin state maintained by SWI/SNF in MPNST is unexplored. Therefore, this study used functional genomics to elucidate the role of SWI/SNF in MPNST.
Methods: To define the transcriptional regulatory role of SWI/SNF complexes in MPNST, SWI/SNF components were targeted via a CRISPR knock-out (KO) screen combined with a single cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) readout. Genes of interest highlighted by this screen were further investigated using bulk CRISPR RNAseq. Phenotypic effects of the expression of these genes were studied using loss-of-function assays coupled with colony formation assays. SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity was characterized using glycerol gradient sedimentation, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), and mass spectrometry experiments.
Results: The investigation of SWI/SNF transcriptional regulation in MPNST highlighted the Double PHD Finger family proteins (DPF1,2,3) as regulating distinct downstream targets. Notably, DPF1 had a unique transcriptional profile compared to other SWI/SNF components. Bulk CRISPR KO RNAseq confirmed these findings and highlighted a specific set of DPF1 target genes including many long non-coding RNAs. The phenotypic role of DPF1 in MPNST was investigated using in vitro siRNA and CRISPR experiments, where DPF1 KO reduced proliferation and viability of MPNST cells in both 2D and 3D cell culture assays. Further, DPF1 was found contribute to anchorage independent cell growth of MPNST cells using soft agar assays. Glycerol gradient sedimentation assays demonstrated that DPF1 co-migrated with core components of a SWI/SNF complex known as canonical BAF (cBAF) and not the alternate GBAF and PBAF SWI/SNF complexes. These findings were further validated using co-immunoprecipitation assays where core the SWI/SNF ATPase, SMARCA4, pulled down DPF1, while components unique to the GBAF and PBAF complexes did not. An ATPase directed proteolysis targeting chimers (PROTAC) was used to therapeutically target cBAF in MPNST cells, reducing their growth and viability. Combination treatment with standard of care chemotherapy synergistically increased the efficacy of this drug.
Conclusions: DPF1 was identified as a unique transcriptional regulator of MPNST cells and acts as a member of the cBAF SWI/SNF complex to play important phenotypic roles in this cancer type.
Citation Format: Bega Murray, Xiyuan Zhang, Shahroze Abbas, Haiyan Lei, Hilda Jafarah, Jack F. Shern. SWI/SNF-associated DPF1 is a unique transcriptional regulator of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3563.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bega Murray
- 1National Cancer Inst. - Bethesda Campus, Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- 1National Cancer Inst. - Bethesda Campus, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Haiyan Lei
- 1National Cancer Inst. - Bethesda Campus, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hilda Jafarah
- 1National Cancer Inst. - Bethesda Campus, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jack F. Shern
- 1National Cancer Inst. - Bethesda Campus, Bethesda, MD
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11
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Zang P, Yang C, Lei H, Guo Q, Wang W, Shao J. Ghrelin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose-induced islet cells through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:768-775. [PMID: 36718083 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin may have therapeutic value in mitigating insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, based on which we further explore the action mechanism of ghrelin on islet cells in this research. In the course of experiments, MIN6 cells were induced by glucose and then treated with acylated or unacylated ghrelin. The effects of ghrelin on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and insulin release of high glucose-induced islet cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Meanwhile, cells were treated with LY294002 to explore whether and how the inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) signaling pathway participated in the internal mechanism of ghrelin-regulating islet cells. Western blotting was performed to quantify the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved caspase-3, PI3K, and AKT. As a result, ghrelin alleviated high glucose-induced suppression of viability and proliferation and promotion on apoptosis of MIN6 cells. Ghrelin also attenuated the inhibitory effects of high glucose on expression levels of PI3K-Akt signaling axis-related proteins and insulin release in MIN6 cells. Besides, ghrelin weakened the impacts of high glucose on boosting MIN6 cell apoptosis and hindering proliferation through the PI3K-Akt signaling axis. Collectively, ghrelin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose-induced islet cells through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuihua Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyu Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Xu M, Sun M, Zhang X, Nguyen R, Lei H, Shern JF, Thiele CJ, Liu Z. HAND2 Assists MYCN Enhancer Invasion to Regulate a Noradrenergic Neuroblastoma Phenotype. Cancer Res 2023; 83:686-699. [PMID: 36598365 PMCID: PMC10240397 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Noradrenergic neuroblastoma is characterized by a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry (CRC) comprised of transcription factors (TF) such as PHOX2B, HAND2, and GATA3, which form a network with MYCN. At normal physiologic levels, MYCN mainly binds to promoters but when aberrantly upregulated as in neuroblastoma, MYCN also binds to enhancers. Here, we investigated how MYCN invades enhancers and whether CRC TFs play a role in this process. HAND2 was found to regulate chromatin accessibility and to assist MYCN binding to enhancers. Moreover, HAND2 cooperated with MYCN to compete with nucleosomes to regulate global gene transcription. The cooperative interaction between MYCN and HAND2 could be targeted with an Aurora A kinase inhibitor plus a histone deacetylase inhibitor, resulting in potent downregulation of both MYCN and the CRC TFs and suppression of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma tumor growth. This study identifies cooperation between MYCN and HAND2 in neuroblastoma and demonstrates that simultaneously targeting MYCN and CRC TFs is an effective way to treat this aggressive pediatric tumor. SIGNIFICANCE HAND2 and MYCN compete with nucleosomes to regulate global gene transcription and to drive a malignant neuroblastoma phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ming Sun
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rosa Nguyen
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J. Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhu
- From the Department of Digestive Disease, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China
| | - H Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China
| | - Y-H Wang
- From the Department of Digestive Disease, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China
| | - L-P Liu
- From the Department of Digestive Disease, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China
| | - Y-L Lei
- From the Department of Digestive Disease, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China
| | - N Wang
- From the Department of Digestive Disease, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China
| | - Y-H Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hematologic Disease of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
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14
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Ligon JA, Sundby RT, Wedekind MF, Arnaldez FI, del Rivero J, Wiener L, Srinivasan R, Spencer M, Carbonell A, Lei H, Shern J, Steinberg SM, Figg WD, Peer CJ, Zimmerman S, Moraly J, Xu X, Fox S, Chan K, Barbato MI, Andresson T, Taylor N, Pacak K, Killian JK, Dombi E, Linehan WM, Miettinen M, Piekarz R, Helman LJ, Meltzer P, Widemann B, Glod J. A Phase II Trial of Guadecitabine in Children and Adults with SDH-Deficient GIST, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma, and HLRCC-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:341-348. [PMID: 36302175 PMCID: PMC9851965 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Succinate dehydrogenase (dSDH)-deficient tumors, including pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer-associated renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC-RCC), and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) without KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha mutations are often resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and many targeted therapies. We evaluated guadecitabine, a dinucleotide containing the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine, in these patient populations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Phase II study of guadecitabine (subcutaneously, 45 mg/m2/day for 5 consecutive days, planned 28-day cycle) to assess clinical activity (according to RECISTv.1.1) across three strata of patients with dSDH GIST, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, or HLRCC-RCC. A Simon optimal two-stage design (target response rate 30% rule out 5%) was used. Biologic correlates (methylation and metabolites) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), serum, and urine were analyzed. RESULTS Nine patients (7 with dSDH GIST, 1 each with paraganglioma and HLRCC-RCC, 6 females and 3 males, age range 18-57 years) were enrolled. Two patients developed treatment-limiting neutropenia. No partial or complete responses were observed (range 1-17 cycles of therapy). Biologic activity assessed as global demethylation in PBMCs was observed. No clear changes in metabolite concentrations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Guadecitabine was tolerated in patients with dSDH tumors with manageable toxicity. Although 4 of 9 patients had prolonged stable disease, there were no objective responses. Thus, guadecitabine did not meet the target of 30% response rate across dSDH tumors at this dose, although signs of biologic activity were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Ligon
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - R. Taylor Sundby
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary F Wedekind
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jaydira del Rivero
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Developmemtal Therapeutics Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lori Wiener
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Melissa Spencer
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Carbonell
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, NCI/NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Josquin Moraly
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Laboratory of physiopathology and treatment of Hematological malignancies, Institut imagine, INSERM U1153, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Xia Xu
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Stephen Fox
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - King Chan
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Michael I Barbato
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karel Pacak
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Richard Piekarz
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatments and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Brigitte Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Glod
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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Hebron KE, Wan X, Roth JS, Liewehr DJ, Sealover NE, Frye WJ, Kim A, Stauffer S, Perkins OL, Sun W, Isanogle KA, Robinson CM, James A, Awasthi P, Shankarappa P, Luo X, Lei H, Butcher D, Smith R, Edmondson EF, Chen JQ, Kedei N, Peer CJ, Shern JF, Figg WD, Chen L, Hall MD, Difilippantonio S, Barr FG, Kortum RL, Robey RW, Vaseva AV, Khan J, Yohe ME. The Combination of Trametinib and Ganitumab is Effective in RAS-Mutated PAX-Fusion Negative Rhabdomyosarcoma Models. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:472-487. [PMID: 36322002 PMCID: PMC9852065 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE PAX-fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN RMS) is driven by alterations in the RAS/MAP kinase pathway and is partially responsive to MEK inhibition. Overexpression of IGF1R and its ligands is also observed in FN RMS. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that IGF1R is itself an important target in FN RMS. Our previous studies revealed preclinical efficacy of the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib, and an IGF1R inhibitor, BMS-754807, but this combination was not pursued clinically due to intolerability in preclinical murine models. Here, we sought to identify a combination of an MEK1/2 inhibitor and IGF1R inhibitor, which would be tolerated in murine models and effective in both cell line and patient-derived xenograft models of RAS-mutant FN RMS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using proliferation and apoptosis assays, we studied the factorial effects of trametinib and ganitumab (AMG 479), a mAb with specificity for human and murine IGF1R, in a panel of RAS-mutant FN RMS cell lines. The molecular mechanism of the observed synergy was determined using conventional and capillary immunoassays. The efficacy and tolerability of trametinib/ganitumab was assessed using a panel of RAS-mutated cell-line and patient-derived RMS xenograft models. RESULTS Treatment with trametinib and ganitumab resulted in synergistic cellular growth inhibition in all cell lines tested and inhibition of tumor growth in four of six models of RAS-mutant RMS. The combination had little effect on body weight and did not produce thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, or hyperinsulinemia in tumor-bearing SCID beige mice. Mechanistically, ganitumab treatment prevented the phosphorylation of AKT induced by MEK inhibition alone. Therapeutic response to the combination was observed in models without a mutation in the PI3K/PTEN axis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that combined trametinib and ganitumab is effective in a genomically diverse panel of RAS-mutated FN RMS preclinical models. Our data also show that the trametinib/ganitumab combination likely has a favorable tolerability profile. These data support testing this combination in a phase I/II clinical trial for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory RAS-mutated FN RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Hebron
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Xiaolin Wan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jacob S. Roth
- Early Translation Branch, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - David J. Liewehr
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Nancy E. Sealover
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Services, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - William J.E. Frye
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Angela Kim
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Stacey Stauffer
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Olivia L. Perkins
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Wenyue Sun
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kristine A. Isanogle
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Christina M. Robinson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Amy James
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Parirokh Awasthi
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Priya Shankarappa
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Donna Butcher
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Roberta Smith
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Elijah F. Edmondson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cody J. Peer
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - W. Douglas Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Lu Chen
- Early Translation Branch, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- Early Translation Branch, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Frederic G. Barr
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Robert L. Kortum
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Services, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Robert W. Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Angelina V. Vaseva
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,Co-corresponding authors Correspondence: Marielle Yohe, M.D., Ph.D., Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 8560 Progress Drive Room D3026, Frederick, MD 27101, Phone: (240) 760-7436,
| | - Marielle E. Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21701,Co-corresponding authors Correspondence: Marielle Yohe, M.D., Ph.D., Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 8560 Progress Drive Room D3026, Frederick, MD 27101, Phone: (240) 760-7436,
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Wei Y, Liu C, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Feng Z, Yang X, Liu J, Lei H, Zhou H, Shen Q, Lu B, Gu P, Shao J. The association between time in the glucose target range and abnormal ankle-brachial index: a cross-sectional analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:281. [PMID: 36514151 PMCID: PMC9746002 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time in range (TIR), a novel proxy measure of glucose control, is found closely related to diabetic microangiopathy and some other chronic complications, but the correlation between TIR and lower limb angiopathy has not been studied yet. Our purpose is to explore the relationship between TIR and abnormal ankle-brachial index(ABI) in type 2 diabetes. METHODS We retrospectively collected patients' information from the database and performed cross-sectional analysis. A total of 405 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled in this study. ABI was measured and patients were stratified into low, normal, and high groups according to ≤ 0.9, > 0.9 and < 1.3, ≥ 1.3 ABI values. All patients underwent continuous glucose monitoring(CGM), and TIR was defined as the percentage of time in which glucose was in the range of 3.9-10 mmol/L during a 24-h period. Correlations between TIR and abnormal ABI were analyzed using Spearman analysis. And logistic regression was used to explore whether TIR is an independent risk factor for abnormal ABI. RESULTS The overall prevalence of abnormal ABI was 20.2% (low 4.9% and high 15.3%). TIR was lower in patients with abnormal ABI values (P = 0.009). The prevalence of abnormal ABI decreased with increasing quartiles of TIR (P = 0.026). Abnormal ABI was negatively correlated with TIR and positively correlated with hypertension, age, diabetes duration, UREA, Scr, ACR, TAR, MBG, and M values (P < 0.05). The logistic regression revealed a significant association between TIR and abnormal ABI, while HbA1C and blood glucose variability measures had no explicit correlation with abnormal ABI. Additionally, there was a significant difference in LDL between the low and high ABI groups (P = 0.009), and in Scr between normal and low groups (P = 0.007). And there were significant differences in TIR (P = 0.003), age (P = 0.023), UREA (P = 0.006), ACR (P = 0.004), TAR (P = 0.015), and MBG (P = 0.014) between normal and high ABI groups, and in diabetes duration between both normal and low (P = 0.023) and normal and high (P = 0.006) groups. CONCLUSIONS In type 2 diabetes patients, abnormal ABI is associated with lower TIR, and the correlation is stronger than that with HbA1C. Therefore, the role of TIR should be emphasized in the evaluation of lower limb vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Wei
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- grid.459328.10000 0004 1758 9149Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu China
| | - Yanyu Liu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhouqin Feng
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Juan Liu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endocrinology, The affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyue Shen
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Bin Lu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Ping Gu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
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Murray B, Zhang X, Abbas S, Lei H, Jafarah H, Kelly MC, Shern JF. Abstract B011: Single cell CRISPR screen of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors identifies SWI/SNF genes of regulatory importance. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.cancepi22-b011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcomas of the peripheral nervous system which are associated with a poor prognosis. Recurrent genetic mutations of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) have been identified in up to 75% of MPNST cases. PRC2 is involved in an intricate epigenetic regulatory network in mammalian cells, where it is known to function antagonistically to the SWI/SNF protein complexes which are commonly associated with active transcription. The regulatory relationship between these complexes is critical to normal cell development and maintenance of cellular identity. However, little is known about how PRC2 aberrations affect this regulatory balance in MPNST. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of SWI/SNF in MPNST. Methods: A CRISPR knock-out (KO) screen combined with single cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was used to target 44 components of SWI/SNF complexes. The transcriptional regulatory effects of resulting genes of interest were further investigated via bulk CRISPR RNAseq experiments, while phenotypic effects were studied using loss-of-function assays coupled with colony formation assays. The dynamic complex formation was further deciphered using glycerol gradient sedimentation and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays. Results: Double PHD Fingers 1 gene, DPF1, was identified as a unique transcriptional regulator of MPNST via the single cell CRISPR KO screen. These findings were confirmed using a bulk RNAseq screen, where gene set enrichment analysis suggested DPF1 KO has an inhibitory effect on MPNST cell cycle and proliferation through enrichment of genes involved in the P53 pathway (FDR<0.0001) and the apoptotic pathway (FDR<0.0001). This hypothesis was validated using siRNA and CRISPR KO studies in MPNST cell lines, where DPF1 KO led to reduced proliferation and viability of these cells in both 2D and 3D cell culture assays. Soft agar assays were then used to highlight a role of DPF1 to in anchorage independent cell growth of MPNST cells. We then used glycerol gradient sedimentation assays to confirm DPF1 function as a member of the SWI/SNF complexes in MPNST, where DPF1 was observed to co-migrate with SMARCA4, a core ATPase commonly associated with the BAF complex of the SWI/SNF family. This assay was also used to eliminate DPF1 as a member of the GBAF and PBAF SWI/SNF complexes in MPNST, as we identified distinct sedimentation of DPF1 and proteins unique to these complexes. These findings were further validated using co-immunoprecipitation assays, where SMARCA4 had the ability to pull down DPF1, while components of the GBAF and PBAF complexes did not. Conclusions: DPF1 has been identified as a unique regulator of MPNST cells and acts as a member of the BAF SWI/SNF complex.
Citation Format: Bega Murray, Xiyuan Zhang, Shahroze Abbas, Haiyan Lei, Hilda Jafarah, Michael C. Kelly, Jack F. Shern. Single cell CRISPR screen of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors identifies SWI/SNF genes of regulatory importance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Epigenomics; 2022 Oct 6-8; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(23 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bega Murray
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shahroze Abbas
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Haiyan Lei
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hilda Jafarah
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael C. Kelly
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jack F. Shern
- 1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Zheng XC, Wu CL, Xiong J, Lei H. UV Photoinitiated Temperature-Sensitive Modification of Polypropylene Grafted with Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Polym Sci Ser B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090422700415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lei H, Liu J, Wang W, Yang X, Feng Z, Zang P, Lu B, Shao J. Association between osteocalcin, a pivotal marker of bone metabolism, and secretory function of islet beta cells and alpha cells in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an observational study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:160. [PMID: 36307866 PMCID: PMC9615358 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00932-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several recent studies have found that Osteocalcin (OCN), a multifunctional protein secreted exclusively by osteoblasts, is beneficial to glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effects of OCN on islets function especially islet ɑ cells function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus characterized by a bi-hormonal disease are still unclear. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between serum OCN and the secretion of islet β cells and ɑ cells in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS 204 patients with T2DM were enrolled. Blood glucose (FBG, PBG0.5h, PBG1h, PBG2h, PBG3h), insulin (FINS, INS0.5h, INS1h, INS2h, INS3h), C-peptide (FCP, CP0.5h, CP1h, CP2h, CP3h), and glucagon (GLA0, GLA0.5 h, GLA1h, GLA2h, GLA3h) levels were measured on 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h after a 100 g standard bread meal load. Early postprandial secretion function of islet β cells was calculated as Δcp0.5h = CP0.5-FCP. The patients were divided into low, medium and high groups (T1, T2 and T3) according to tertiles of OCN. Comparison of parameters among three groups was studied. Correlation analysis confirmed the relationship between OCN and pancreatic secretion. Multiple regression analysis showed independent contributors to pancreatic secretion. MAIN RESULTS FBG, and PBG2h were the lowest while Δcp0.5h was the highest in the highest tertile group (respectively, p < 0.05). INS3h, area under the curve of insulin (AUCins3h) in T3 Group were significantly lower than T1 Group (respectively, p < 0.05). GLA1h in T3 group was lower than T1 group (p < 0.05), and GLA0.5 h in T3 group was lower than T2 and T1 groups (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed OCN was inversely correlated with Homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), INS3h, AUCins3h (p < 0.05), and was still inversely correlated with FCP, GLA0.5 h, GLA1h, area under the curve of glucagon (AUCgla3h) (respectively, p < 0.05) after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The multiple regression analysis showed that OCN was independent contributor to Δcp0.5h, GLA0.5h and GLA1h (respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher serum OCN level is closely related to better blood glucose control, higher insulin sensitivity, increased early-phase insulin secretion of islet β cells and appropriate inhibition of postprandial glucagon secretion of islet ɑ cells in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhouqin Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Yohe ME, Hebron KE, Wan X, Roth JS, Liewehr DJ, Sealover NE, Stauffer S, Feehan-Nelson O, Sun W, Isanogle KA, Robinson CM, James A, Awasthi P, Shankarappa P, Liu X, Lei H, Butcher D, Smith R, Edmonson EF, Chen JQ, Kedei N, Peer CS, Shern JF, Figg WD, Chen L, Hall MD, Difillipantonio S, Barr FG, Kortum RL, Vaseva AV, Khan J. Abstract IA023: Therapeutic efficacy of trametinib and ganitumab in RAS-mutated rhabdomyosarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.sarcomas22-ia023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: PAX-fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN RMS) is driven by alterations in the RAS/MAP kinase pathway and is partially responsive to MEK inhibition. Overexpression of IGF1R and its ligands is also observed in FN RMS. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that IGF1R is itself an important target in FN RMS. Our previous studies revealed preclinical efficacy of the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib, and an IGF1R inhibitor, BMS75807, but this combination was not pursued clinically due to excessive toxicity in preclinical murine models. Here, we sought to identify a combination of an MEK1/2 inhibitor and IGF1R inhibitor that would be better tolerated in murine models and effective in both cell line and patient derived xenograft models of RAS-mutant FN RMS. Methods: Using proliferation and apoptosis assays, we studied the factorial effects of trametinib and ganitumab (AMG 479), a monoclonal antibody with specificity for human and murine IGF1R, in a panel of RAS-mutant FN RMS cell lines. The molecular mechanism of the observed synergy was determined using conventional and capillary immunoassays. The efficacy and tolerability of the combination was assessed using a panel of RAS-mutated cell-line and patient-derived RMS xenograft models. Results: Treatment with trametinib and ganitumab resulted in synergistic cellular growth inhibition in all cell lines tested and inhibition of tumor growth in five out of six models of RAS-mutant RMS. Evidence suggests that the combination had little effect on body weight loss, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, or hyperinsulinemia in tumor-bearing SCID beige mice. Mechanistically, ganitumab treatment prevented the AKT phosphorylation that is induced by MEK inhibition alone. Therapeutic response to the combination was observed in models with an intact PI3K/PTEN axis. Conclusions: We demonstrate that combined trametinib and ganitumab is effective in a genomically diverse panel of RAS-mutated FN RMS preclinical models. The trametinib/ganitumab combination also likely has an improved tolerability profile compared to other IGF1R/MEK inhibitor combinations. These data support testing this combination in a phase I/II clinical trial for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory RAS-mutated FN RMS.
Citation Format: Marielle E. Yohe, Katie E. Hebron, Xiaolin Wan, Jacob S. Roth, David J. Liewehr, Nancy E. Sealover, Stacey Stauffer, Olivia Feehan-Nelson, Wenyue Sun, Kristine A. Isanogle, Christina M. Robinson, Amy James, Parirokh Awasthi, Priya Shankarappa, Xiaoling Liu, Haiyan Lei, Donna Butcher, Roberta Smith, Elijah F. Edmonson, Jin-Qui Chen, Noemi Kedei, Cody S. Peer, Jack F. Shern, W. Douglas Figg, Lu Chen, Matthew D. Hall, Simone Difillipantonio, Frederic G. Barr, Robert L. Kortum, Angelina V. Vaseva, Javed Khan. Therapeutic efficacy of trametinib and ganitumab in RAS-mutated rhabdomyosarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Sarcomas; 2022 May 9-12; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2022;28(18_Suppl):Abstract nr IA023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jacob S. Roth
- 3National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD,
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenyue Sun
- 2National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | | | | | - Amy James
- 1National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD,
| | | | | | | | - Haiyan Lei
- 2National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lu Chen
- 3National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD,
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- 3National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD,
| | | | | | | | - Angelina V. Vaseva
- 5University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Javed Khan
- 2National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
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Lei H, Wang D, Wang H, Xu Y. Constrictive pericarditis caused by viral myocarditis in children: a brief report. J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 17:215. [PMID: 36031615 PMCID: PMC9420253 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-01969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Constrictive pericarditis is more common in adults and has a low incidence in children. Here is a case of coxsackie virus induced myocarditis in children, resulting in constrictive pericarditis.
Conclusion Chronic inflammation of viral myocarditis can cause inflammatory changes of pericarditis and cause constrictive pericarditis.
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Liu J, Wei Y, Zang P, Wang W, Feng Z, Yuan Y, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Lei H, Yang X, Liu J, Lu B, Shao J. Circulating osteocalcin is associated with time in range and other metrics assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:109. [PMID: 35927761 PMCID: PMC9351112 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteocalcin, a protein secreted mainly by mature osteoblasts, has been shown to be involved in glucose metabolism through various pathways. However, few studies has explored the association between osteocalcin and Time in range (TIR). Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) -derived metrics, such as TIR and other indexes have been gradually and widely used in clinical practice to assess glucose fluctuations. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between osteocalcin and indexes from CGM in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHOD The total number of 376 patients with T2D were enrolled, all of them performed three consecutive days of monitoring. They were divided into four groups on account of the quartile of osteocalcin. Time in range, Time below range (TBR), Time above range(TAR) and measures of glycemic variability (GV) were assessed for analysing. After a 100 g standard steamed bread meal, blood glucose (Glu0h Glu0.5 h, Glu1h, Glu2h, GLu3h), C-peptide (Cp0h, Cp0.5 h, Cp1h, Cp2h, Cp3h), serum insulin (INS0h, INS0.5 h, INS1h, INS2h, INS3h) concentrations at different time points were obtained. HOMA-IS, HOMA-βwas calculated to evaluate insulin sensitivity and insulin secreting of the participants. RESULTS Patients with higher osteocalcin level had higher TIR (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that osteocalcin was positively correlated with TBR (although the P value for TBR was greater than 0.05) (r = 0.227, P < 0.001 r = 0.068, P = 0.189) and negatively correlated with TAR (- 0.229, P < 0.001). Similarly, there was a negative correlation between osteocalcin and glycemic variability (GV) indicators, including SD, MBG, MODD, ADDR, and MAGE (P value of MAGE > 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression showed that osteocalcin was an independent contributor to TIR, TAR and HOMA-IS. CONCLUSION Circulating osteocalcin is positively correlated with TIR and negatively correlated with MODD, ADDR, and MAGE. Osteocalcin may have a beneficial impact on glucose homeostasis in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinghua Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pu Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhouqin Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang X, Lou HE, Gopalan V, Liu Z, Jafarah H, Lei H, Jones P, Sayers CM, Yohe ME, Chittiboina P, Widemann BC, Thiele CJ, Kelly MC, Hannenhalli S, Shern JF. Abstract 701: Loss of PRC2 enforces a mesenchymal neural crest stem cell phenotype in NF1-deficient cancer through activation of core transcription factors. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Recurrent mutations in the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) occur in ~80% of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), which originate from NF1-deficient Schwann cells. In MPNST, PRC2 loss results in a diverse set of transcriptomic and phenotypic consequences, including gain of acetylated H3K27 (H3K27ac) accompanying the loss of trimethylated H3K27 (H3K27me3), hyperactivated Ras signaling, and tumor escape from immune surveillance. Mechanistic understanding of how PRC2 loss results in these diverse consequences remains unresolved.
Methods: To delineate the oncogenic mechanisms mediated by PRC2 loss, we engineered MPNST cell lines to dynamically reassemble a functional PRC2 and evaluated the transcriptomic and epigenetic consequences of PRC2 restoration. We further extended these finding using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) from human MPNST.
Results: Through integrative analysis of RNAseq and H3K27me3 ChIP-seq in PRC2-deficient MPNST cells, we identified 6134 H3K27me3 peaks gained when a functional PRC2 was restored. Of the 876 significantly altered genes, 699 genes were downregulated, and 177 genes were upregulated when a restored PRC2 caused genome-wide redistribution of H3K27me3 peaks. Detailed mechanistic dissection of these PRC2-regulated genes revealed a two-pronged oncogenic process mediated by PRC2 loss and they cooperatively contribute to the tumorigenesis of MPNST. First, PRC2 loss leads to the upregulation of a transcriptional circuit that remodels the enhancer landscape of MPNST cells and establishes an enhancer-driven transcription factor, FOXC1, as a master regulator and thus a core vulnerability of the cell. Second, PRC2 loss reduces type I interferon (IFN) signaling and antigen presentation as a downstream consequence of the upregulated Ras signaling. These data were further integrated with scRNAseq of human MPNST. Importantly, we discovered that the PRC2-deficient tumor cells have a corrupted transcriptional program characteristic of a mesenchymal precursor cell found during the trajectory of normal Schwann cell development. Interestingly, malignant cells expressing high levels of IFN and antigen presentation genes were missing in the metastatic MPNST, potentially allowing the tumor cell to escape the immune surveillance. The transcriptional circuit established by PRC2-regulated FOXC1 and its downstream targets sustains the malignant program in both primary and metastatic MPNST.
Conclusion: In summary, we discovered the activation of a lineage specific oncogenic transcription program in PRC2-deficient MPNST, which is characteristic of a neural crest-derived mesenchymal stem cell. Our findings provide mechanistic understanding of the inherent metastatic potential, chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance, and immune escape that are clinically characteristic of these tumors.
Citation Format: Xiyuan Zhang, Hannah E. Lou, Vishaka Gopalan, Zhihui Liu, Hilda Jafarah, Haiyan Lei, Paige Jones, Carly M. Sayers, Marielle E. Yohe, Prashant Chittiboina, Brigitte C. Widemann, Carol J. Thiele, Michael C. Kelly, Sridhar Hannenhalli, Jack F. Shern. Loss of PRC2 enforces a mesenchymal neural crest stem cell phenotype in NF1-deficient cancer through activation of core transcription factors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 701.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhihui Liu
- 1National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Haiyan Lei
- 1National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Lin Y, Yin X, Lei H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li B. [Clinical characteristics and analysis of IDS gene variant in a child with mucopolysaccharidosis type Ⅱ]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2022; 39:602-606. [PMID: 35773763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical features, laboratory examination and genetic analysis of a patient with mucopolysaccharidosis type Ⅱ (MPS Ⅱ). METHODS Clinical manifestations, results of urine glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and dermatan sulfate assay, metabolites related to MPS in peripheral blood leukocytes were analyzed. Meanwhile, the child and his mother were subjected to next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The boy has presented with global development delay, coarse facies, frequent upper-respiratory infections, hearing loss, indirect inguinal hernia, hepatosplenomegaly, and skeletal deformities. His urine GAGs were significantly elevated, and the urinary dermatan sulfate (DS) was positive. Meanwhile, the activity of idose-2-sulfatase was extremely reduced. The patient was found to harbor a hemizygote c.676C>G (p. His226Asp) missense variant in exon 5 of IDS gene, for which his mother was heterozygous. CONCLUSION The novel c.676C>G variant of the IDS gene probably underlay the MPS Ⅱ in this child. Genetic testing combined with enzymatic analysis can enable effective diagnosis and classification of MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
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Zhou J, Chai YH, Zhang XM, Lei H. [Intestinal microbe Prevotella in pulmonary tuberculosis research]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2022; 45:414-418. [PMID: 35381640 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20210719-00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a major global infectious disease that seriously endangers human health. Studies have shown that there will be an imbalance of intestinal microecology after infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. And vise versa the imbalance of intestinal flora will also increase the susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Prevotella is a newly discovered intestinal microorganism closely related to inflammatory diseases, and its abundance changes significantly in patients with tuberculosis. Therefore, this paper reviews the correlation between intestinal microorganism Prevotella and pulmonary tuberculosis, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Y H Chai
- Laboratory Medicine, Eighth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
| | - X M Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - H Lei
- Laboratory Medicine, Eighth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
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Chen T, Zhang Z, Lei H, Fen Z, Yuan Y, Jin X, Zhou H, Liu J, Wang W, Guo Q, Li L, Shao J. The relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level and sweat function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:361-368. [PMID: 34324162 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D(25-(OH)2D3) level and sweat function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1021 patients with T2DM who underwent 25-(OH)2D3 level detections and sweat function tests was carried out. These individuals were divided into deficient groups (n = 154 cases), insufficient groups (n = 593 cases) and sufficient groups (n = 274 cases). Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis were implemented to determine the association of 25-(OH)2D3 level and sweat function. RESULTS The total presence of sweating dysfunction was 38.59%. Patients with a lower level of serum 25-(OH)2D3 had more severe sweat secretion impairment (P < 0.05). As the decrease of serum 25-(OH)2D3 level, the presence of sweating dysfunction increased (P < 0.05). 25-(OH)2D3 level was positively correlated with sweat function parameters, age and duration of T2DM were negatively correlated with sweat function parameter (P < 0.05). Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis explored a significant association between serum 25-(OH)2D3 level with sweat function (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum 25-(OH)2D3 level was positively correlated with sweat function in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Zhang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - H Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Fen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - X Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese Navy No.971.Hospital, 22Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - J Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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Yuan Y, Lu B, Guo Q, Wang W, Feng Z, Jin X, Zhou H, Liu J, Lei H, Yang X, Liu J, Liu Y, Shao J, Gu P. Time in range, as an emerging metric of glycemic control, is associated with orthostatic blood pressure changes in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 183:109179. [PMID: 34923020 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To exlpore whether time in range(TIR) was associated with orthostatic blood pressure(BP) changes in type 2 diabetes(T2DM). METHODS A total of 342 T2DM patients were recruited. TIR was defined as the time percentage spent within the target range(3.9-10.0 mmol/L). Orthostatic hypotension(OH) and orthostatic hypertension(OHT) were defined as a decrease or an increase of at least 20 mmHg in SBP and/or 10 mmHg in DBP after standing for 3 min. RESULTS Compared with orthostatic normotension group, patients with OH or OHT showed lower levels of TIR (P < 0.001). The prevalences of OH and OHT both decreased with ascending TIR tertiles (OH, P < 0.001; OHT, P = 0.019), and both absolute SBP and DBP changes were negatively correlated with TIR (r = -0.171, -0.190, P < 0.05). After stratifying by BMI, only the prevalence of OH in the lower layer and the prevalence of OHT in the higher layer remained significant difference among tertiles of TIR. Multivariate logistics regression revealed that lower TIR and lower BMI were risk factors for OH, whereas lower TIR but higher BMI were risk factors for OHT. CONCLUSIONS We find a differential correlation dependent of BMI milieus between TIR and orthostatic BP status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingyu Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhouqin Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuguang Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanyu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhou H, Wang W, Shen Q, Feng Z, Zhang Z, Lei H, Yang X, Liu J, Lu B, Shao J, Gu P. Time in range, assessed with continuous glucose monitoring, is associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective single-center analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1014568. [PMID: 36325447 PMCID: PMC9618671 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1014568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this retrospective single-center is to research the relationship between time in range(TIR), an important novel metric of glycemic control, assessed with continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(BaPWV), a unique index of systemic arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Study participants included 469 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and no history of serious cardiovascular disease who underwent CGM and BaPWV measurements. TIR of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L was evaluated with CGM. BaPWV was measured by non-invasive arteriosclerosis detector and high baPWV was defined as a mean baPWV≧1800m/s. The spearman correlation and the partial correlation analysis were applied to analyze the correlation between TIR and baPWV. The binary logistic regression was used to examine the independent association of TIR and high BaPWV. RESULTS The presence of high baPWV was 32.2%. Compared with patients of low baPWV, those with high baPWV had significantly reduced TIR(P<0.001). With the increase of TIR tertiles, the prevalence of high BaPWV progressively decreased. Correlation analysis showed that TIR is inversely correlated with BaPWV. In a fully adjusted model controlling for traditional risk factor of CVD, TIR is associated with the presence of high BaPWV independent of HbA1c. CONCLUSION TIR is correlated with BaPWV independent of HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes, confirming a link between TIR and arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyue Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhouqin Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqing Shao, ;Ping Gu,
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqing Shao, ;Ping Gu,
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Yan X, Zheng N, Jia J, Kuang H, Lei H, Bian H, Qin X, Sun X, Duan X, Zhan J. Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of Spontaneous Bile Duct Perforation in Children. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:799524. [PMID: 35402360 PMCID: PMC8984294 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.799524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of spontaneous bile duct perforation (SBDP) in children. METHODS The clinical data of children with SBDP who were admitted to Wuhan Children's Hospital between January 2014 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS In all, 28 cases of children with SBDP (male, 28.6%; female, 71.4%; male-to-female ratio, 1:2.5; average age, 2.15 years) were analyzed. The most common symptoms were fever (85.7%), nausea and vomiting (78.6%), and abdominal distension (67.9%). Among the 28 patients, 26 (92.9%) had elevated hypersensitive C-reactive protein, 24 (85.7%) had an increased neutrophil percentage, and 22 (78.6%) had raised peripheral blood leukocyte counts. Moreover, 19 patients (67.9%) showed increased serum total bilirubin levels, and 5 (17.9%) showed an elevated conjugated bilirubin level. Abdominal CT examination revealed that the gallbladder wall of patients was thickened with edema, accompanied by gallbladder stenosis and gallbladder mucosa enhancement; furthermore, ascites was found in the abdominal cavity and lesser omental bursa. Twenty-two patients underwent abdominal paracentesis, and 20 (90.9%) of them were exposed to bile-based ascites. Among the 28 patients, four recovered with conservative treatment, whereas the others (85.7%) were surgically treated. Of the twenty-four patients undergoing surgery, the perforation site was found at the union of the hepatic and cystic ducts in 12 patients (50%), no perforation site was observed in 9 patients (37.5%), and a common hepatic duct was observed in 3 patients (12.5%). All 24 patients underwent stage I surgery, and temporary biliary drainage was performed because of severe abdominal inflammation. Cholangiography and enhanced CT revealed an abnormal location of the pancreatic duct joining the bile duct in 64.3% patients. Following surgery, 15 patients underwent hepaticojejunostomy. Subsequently, 3-month to 6-year follow-up (median, 30 months) indicated that the patients recovered well with no serious complications. CONCLUSION SBDP in children may be associated with pancreaticobiliary malunion (PBM) and congenital weakness of the bile duct wall. However, the clinical manifestations of this condition lack specificity; this limitation can be assisted through diagnosis via abdominal CT and by performing abdominal paracentesis. Once SBDP diagnosis is confirmed, the patient should follow the principles of individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nannan Zheng
- Department of CT and MRI, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfu Jia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Houfang Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongqiang Bian
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinke Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xufei Duan
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Luo Y, Lei H, Wang R, Zhao H, Zhang G, Song C. A Novel In Vivo Functional Screening Method for the Candidate Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms Isolation. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guo M, Sun C, Yang W, Chen L, Lei H, Zhang Q. Corrigendum to ‘Sulphur-induced Electrochemical Synthesis of Manganese Nanoflakes from Choline Chloride/Ethylene Glycol-based Deep Eutectic Solvent’ [Electrochimica Acta, 2020, 341:136017.]. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chen J, Wang W, Guo Z, Huang S, Lei H, Zang P, Lu B, Shao J, Gu P. Associations between gut microbiota and thyroidal function status in Chinese patients with Graves' disease. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1913-1926. [PMID: 33481211 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The imbalance of gut microbiota has been linked to manifold endocrine diseases, but the association with Graves' disease (GD) is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between human gut microbiota and clinical characteristics and thyroidal functional status of GD. METHODS 14 healthy volunteers (CG) and 15 patients with primary GD (HG) were recruited as subjects. 16SrDNA high-throughput sequencing was performed on IlluminaMiSeq platform to analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with GD. Among them, the thyroid function of 13 patients basically recovered after treatment with anti-thyroid drugs (oral administration of Methimazole for 3-5 months). The fecal samples of patients after treatment (TG) were sequenced again, to further explore and investigate the potential relationship between dysbacteriosis and GD. RESULTS In terms of alpha diversity index, the observed OTUs, Simpson and Shannon indices of gut microbiota in patients with GD were significantly lower than those in healthy volunteers (P < 0.05).The difference of bacteria species was mainly reflected in the genus level, in which the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Veillonella and Streptococcus increased significantly in GD. After the improvement of thyroid function, a significant reduction at the genus level were Blautia, Corynebacter, Ruminococcus and Streptococcus, while Phascolarctobacterium increased significantly (P < 0.05). According to Spearman correlation analysis, the correlation between the level of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus was positive, while Synergistetes and Phascolarctobacterium showed a negative correlation with TRAb. Besides, there were highly significant negative correlation between Synergistetes and clinical variables of TRAb, TPOAb and TGAb (P < 0.05, R < - 0.6). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that functional status and TRAb level in GD were associated with composition and biological function in the gut microbiota, with Synergistetes and Phascolarctobacterium protecting the thyroid probably, while Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus may be novel biomarkers of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southeast Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Med Univ, Nanjing, China
| | - S Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China
| | - H Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - P Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China
| | - B Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China
| | - J Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China.
| | - P Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing, China.
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Szymanski JJ, Sundby RT, Jones PA, Srihari D, Earland N, Harris PK, Feng W, Qaium F, Lei H, Roberts D, Landeau M, Bell J, Huang Y, Hoffman L, Spencer M, Spraker MB, Ding L, Widemann BC, Shern JF, Hirbe AC, Chaudhuri AA. Cell-free DNA ultra-low-pass whole genome sequencing to distinguish malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) from its benign precursor lesion: A cross-sectional study. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003734. [PMID: 34464388 PMCID: PMC8407545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The leading cause of mortality for patients with the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome is the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma. In the setting of NF1, this cancer type frequently arises from within its common and benign precursor, plexiform neurofibroma (PN). Transformation from PN to MPNST is challenging to diagnose due to difficulties in distinguishing cross-sectional imaging results and intralesional heterogeneity resulting in biopsy sampling errors. METHODS AND FINDINGS This multi-institutional study from the National Cancer Institute and Washington University in St. Louis used fragment size analysis and ultra-low-pass whole genome sequencing (ULP-WGS) of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to distinguish between MPNST and PN in patients with NF1. Following in silico enrichment for short cfDNA fragments and copy number analysis to estimate the fraction of plasma cfDNA originating from tumor (tumor fraction), we developed a noninvasive classifier that differentiates MPNST from PN with 86% pretreatment accuracy (91% specificity, 75% sensitivity) and 89% accuracy on serial analysis (91% specificity, 83% sensitivity). Healthy controls without NF1 (participants = 16, plasma samples = 16), PN (participants = 23, plasma samples = 23), and MPNST (participants = 14, plasma samples = 46) cohorts showed significant differences in tumor fraction in plasma (P = 0.001) as well as cfDNA fragment length (P < 0.001) with MPNST samples harboring shorter fragments and being enriched for tumor-derived cfDNA relative to PN and healthy controls. No other covariates were significant on multivariate logistic regression. Mutational analysis demonstrated focal NF1 copy number loss in PN and MPNST patient plasma but not in healthy controls. Greater genomic instability including alterations associated with malignant transformation (focal copy number gains in chromosome arms 1q, 7p, 8q, 9q, and 17q; focal copy number losses in SUZ12, SMARCA2, CDKN2A/B, and chromosome arms 6p and 9p) was more prominently observed in MPNST plasma. Furthermore, the sum of longest tumor diameters (SLD) visualized by cross-sectional imaging correlated significantly with paired tumor fractions in plasma from MPNST patients (r = 0.39, P = 0.024). On serial analysis, tumor fraction levels in plasma dynamically correlated with treatment response to therapy and minimal residual disease (MRD) detection before relapse. Study limitations include a modest MPNST sample size despite accrual from 2 major referral centers for this rare malignancy, and lack of uniform treatment and imaging protocols representing a real-world cohort. CONCLUSIONS Tumor fraction levels derived from cfDNA fragment size and copy number alteration analysis of plasma cfDNA using ULP-WGS significantly correlated with MPNST tumor burden, accurately distinguished MPNST from its benign PN precursor, and dynamically correlated with treatment response. In the future, our findings could form the basis for improved early cancer detection and monitoring in high-risk cancer-predisposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J. Szymanski
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - R. Taylor Sundby
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Jones
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Divya Srihari
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Noah Earland
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Peter K. Harris
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Wenjia Feng
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Faridi Qaium
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Roberts
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michele Landeau
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jamie Bell
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Leah Hoffman
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Melissa Spencer
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Spraker
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Li Ding
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- McDonnel Genome Institute, Washington University in Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Brigitte C. Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JFS); (ACH); (AAC)
| | - Angela C. Hirbe
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JFS); (ACH); (AAC)
| | - Aadel A. Chaudhuri
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JFS); (ACH); (AAC)
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He L, Cui Y, Tang X, He S, Yao X, Huang Q, Lei H, Li H, Liao X. Changes in visual function and quality of life in patients with senile cataract following phacoemulsification. Ann Palliat Med 2020; 9:3802-3809. [PMID: 33183034 DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-1709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phacoemulsification is the accepted first-line treatment for cataracts. This study aims to explore the changes in visual function and quality of life in patients with senile cataracts following phacoemulsification, and its risk factors. METHODS The clinical data of 104 patients (202 eyes in total) with senile cataract who underwent phacoemulsification in our hospital from August 2017 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and finally 102 cases (198 eyes) were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These eyes were divided into the low vision group (n=75) and non-low vision group (n=123) The changes in pre- and post-operative visual function and quality of life of patients were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of visual function of patients with senile cataract after phacoemulsification. The correlation between visual function and quality of life was examined. RESULTS The postoperative subjective vision, peripheral visual field, visual adaptation, and stereo vision scores, as well as the total score were higher at both 3 days and 3 months compared to the preoperative scores (P<0.05). Also, the postoperative self-care ability, mobility, psychological states, and social ability scores, as well as the total scores were higher at both 3 days and 3 months than the preoperative scores (P<0.05). Age (≥80), preoperative corrected visual acuity (<0.1), a history of glaucoma, postoperative corneal edema, fundus lesions, and a longer phacoemulsification time were independent risk factors affecting the visual function of patients with senile cataract following phacoemulsification (P<0.05). The visual function indexes of patients were positively correlated with the quality of life (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Phacoemulsification can improve the short-term visual function of patients with senile cataract and improve their quality of life. Advanced age, preoperative corrected visual acuity (<0.1), a history of glaucoma, postoperative corneal edema, fundus lesions, and a longer phacoemulsification time are independent risk factors that affect the visual function of patients with senile cataract after phacoemulsification. For patients with the aforementioned high-risk factors, enhanced clinical intervention and evaluation is required to reduce the risk of poor postoperative vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Yinjuan Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Shu He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China
| | - Xuan Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan Nanchong, China.
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Ishii K, Pouzolles M, Chien CD, Erwin-Cohen RA, Kohler ME, Qin H, Lei H, Kuhn S, Ombrello AK, Dulau-Florea A, Eckhaus MA, Shalabi H, Yates B, Lichtenstein DA, Zimmermann VS, Kondo T, Shern JF, Young HA, Taylor N, Shah NN, Fry TJ. Perforin-deficient CAR T cells recapitulate late-onset inflammatory toxicities observed in patients. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:5425-5443. [PMID: 32925169 PMCID: PMC7524496 DOI: 10.1172/jci130059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset inflammatory toxicities resembling hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) or macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) occur after chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) infusion and represent a therapeutic challenge. Given the established link between perforin deficiency and primary HLH, we investigated the role of perforin in anti-CD19 CAR T cell efficacy and HLH-like toxicities in a syngeneic murine model. Perforin contributed to both CD8+ and CD4+ CAR T cell cytotoxicity but was not required for in vitro or in vivo leukemia clearance. Upon CAR-mediated in vitro activation, perforin-deficient CAR T cells produced higher amounts of proinflammatory cytokines compared with WT CAR T cells. Following in vivo clearance of leukemia, perforin-deficient CAR T cells reexpanded, resulting in splenomegaly with disruption of normal splenic architecture and the presence of hemophagocytes, which are findings reminiscent of HLH. Notably, a substantial fraction of patients who received anti-CD22 CAR T cells also experienced biphasic inflammation, with the second phase occurring after the resolution of cytokine release syndrome, resembling clinical manifestations of HLH. Elevated inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 and concurrent late CAR T cell expansion characterized the HLH-like syndromes occurring in the murine model and in humans. Thus, a murine model of perforin-deficient CAR T cells recapitulated late-onset inflammatory toxicities occurring in human CAR T cell recipients, providing therapeutically relevant mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Ishii
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, and
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunotherapy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marie Pouzolles
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Christopher D. Chien
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Rebecca A. Erwin-Cohen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - M. Eric Kohler
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Haiying Qin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Amanda K. Ombrello
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH
| | | | - Michael A. Eckhaus
- Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Division of Veterinary Resources, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Haneen Shalabi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Bonnie Yates
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Daniel A. Lichtenstein
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Valérie S. Zimmermann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Université de Montpellier, IGMM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Taisuke Kondo
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Howard A. Young
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Université de Montpellier, IGMM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Nirali N. Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Terry J. Fry
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Sayers CM, Carter MB, Lei H, Shema S, Zhang X, Wilson K, Chen L, Thomas CJ, Shern JF. Abstract 457: Discovery and characterization of GNF-7 as a preferentially cytotoxic compound for camptothecin-resistant Ewing sarcoma cells. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (EWS), a highly aggressive bone and soft tissue cancer occurring in children and young adults, is characterized by FET-ETS family gene fusions. Although event-free survival rates remain high in EWS patients with localized disease, those with metastatic or relapsed disease face poor long-term survival odds (under 30%). Our group has been studying the genomic and transcriptomic evolution of drug-resistant EWS cells, specifically when challenged with topoisomerase I inhibitors, a class of chemotherapeutic agents frequently used for relapsed disease. By employing a genome-wide CRISPR knockout library screen, we identified heterozygous deletion of the TOP1 gene, and subsequent decrease of TOP1 protein expression, as the primary method of conferring camptothecin resistance in EW8 cells. To explore vulnerabilities specific to TOP1-deficient cells, we created TOP1-knockdown (TOP1KD) EW8 cells using CRISPR to delete one of the two genomic copies of TOP1. High-throughput small molecule screening was performed on the TOP1KD and parental cell lines to identify compounds with more cytotoxic activity in the TOP1KD cells compared with the TOP1-intact parental cells. The top hit from this screen was GNF-7, a kinase inhibitor originally developed to target multidrug-resistant BCR-ABL in fusion-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. We verified this hit, showing that GNF-7 had an IC50 that was 10-fold lower in the TOP1KD cells compared to the parental EW8 cells and extended this finding to other EWS cell lines. To explore the mechanism of action of this drug, we treated both parental EW8 and TOP1KD cells with a low dose of GNF-7 for various times and then performed RNAseq. We found that GNF-7 promoted the downregulation of genes induced by the Ewing sarcoma-specific EWS-FLI1 fusion protein in both cell lines. We also subjected GNF-7 to in situ kinase profiling and identified several cellular kinases that were potently inhibited by this compound including CSK, p38α, EphA2, Lyn, and ZAK. We are currently exploring the functional importance of these kinases in the preferential cytotoxicity induced by GNF-7 in TOP1KD cells. Intriguingly, we have demonstrated that pretreatment of EW8 cells with an IC50 dose of camptothecin sensitizes the cells to subsequent GNF-7 treatment. Together, these results suggest that GNF-7 could be an effective treatment for Ewing sarcoma patients in combination with TOP1 inhibitors or for those patients who have developed resistance to TOP1 inhibitors.
Citation Format: Carly M. Sayers, Morgan B. Carter, Haiyan Lei, Steven Shema, Xiaohu Zhang, Kelli Wilson, Lu Chen, Craig J. Thomas, Jack F. Shern. Discovery and characterization of GNF-7 as a preferentially cytotoxic compound for camptothecin-resistant Ewing sarcoma cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 457.
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Zhang X, Lou HE, Lei H, Liu Z, Yohe M, Thiele C, Widemann B, Shern JF. Abstract 3898: Loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 activates HOXB8 and remodels super enhancers in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive and highly metastatic soft tissue sarcomas that lack effective treatment. Loss of the functional polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) through genetic alterations in its core components EED and/or SUZ12 is prevalent in this devastating disease. Consequently, the product of PRC2, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a transcriptional repression marker, was found absent in MPNST samples. However, the epigenetic consequences of PRC2 loss remain unclear.
Methods: Using an inducible expression vector, we restored a functional PRC2 in three MPNST cell lines that are PRC2 deficient (PRC2-null). We then profiled the accompanied changes in histone modifications by chromatin immunoprecipitation with massively parallel DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) and transcriptional changes by RNA sequencing (RNAseq). To test the clinical relevance of our findings, we performed single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) on one PRC2-null patient MPNST sample. Finally, to target the epigenetic abnormity caused by PRC2 loss, we tested the efficacy of a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) in treating MPNST cells.
Results: We confirmed the tumor suppressor role of a functional PRC2 in MPNSTs by showing that PRC2 restoration caused growth inhibition in PRC2-null MPNST cells but not in those with a wildtype PRC2. Using ChIP-seq, we identified 6135 H3K27me3 peaks, which are associated with 2285 genes, that were commonly gained in all three PRC2-null MPNST cell lines with PRC2 restoration. Results of RNAseq show that more than 50% of these genes were kept silenced even without H3K27me3 and about 10% of the highly expressed genes were re-repressed by PRC2 (fold change < 0.7). Interestingly, among the 145 genes that are transcriptionally regulated by polycomb, 91 were found to be co-occupied by H3K4me3 at their promoters. Since co-existence of H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 at the promoter define a bivalent gene, we further investigated the epigenetic changes associated with PRC2 restoration there. Analysis of ChIP-seq results revealed that, accompanied with gains of H3K27me3, there was loss of acetylated H3K27, a marker of super enhancer (SE), at the bivalent sites. Particularly, we identified a group of oncogenic transcription factors (TFs), including homeobox B8 (HOXB8), that were activated due to the loss of PRC2 and their activation was driven by SEs. Furthermore, the analysis of scRNAseq of our patient MPNST sample confirmed that these essential SE-driven TFs can be used to separate malignant cells from the tumor microenvironment. Finally, in vitro studies show that HDACi was highly effective in treating MPNST cells by de-activating these SE-driven TFs.
Conclusion: Herein, we report a novel mechanism underlying the polycomb-regulated transcriptional repression. In MPNSTs, the loss of PRC2 caused activation of a group of oncogenic transcription factors through remodeling the SE landscape, which resulted their vulnerabilities to epigenetic treatments by HDACi.
Citation Format: Xiyuan Zhang, Hannah E. Lou, Haiyan Lei, Zhihui Liu, Marielle Yohe, Carol Thiele, Brigitte Widemann, Jack F. Shern. Loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 activates HOXB8 and remodels super enhancers in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 3898.
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Hingorani P, Dinu V, Zhang X, Lei H, Shern JF, Park J, Steel J, Rauf F, Parham D, Gastier-Foster J, Hall D, Hawkins DS, Skapek SX, Labaer J, McEachron TA. Transcriptome analysis of desmoplastic small round cell tumors identifies actionable therapeutic targets: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12318. [PMID: 32703985 PMCID: PMC7378211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To further understand the molecular pathogenesis of desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT), a fatal malignancy occurring primarily in adolescent/young adult males, we used next-generation RNA sequencing to investigate the gene expression profiles intrinsic to this disease. RNA from DSRCT specimens obtained from the Children's Oncology Group was sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 system and subjected to bioinformatic analyses. Validation and functional studies included WT1 ChIP-seq, EWS-WT1 knockdown using JN-DSRCT-1 cells and immunohistochemistry. A panel of immune signature genes was also evaluated to identify possible immune therapeutic targets. Twelve of 14 tumor samples demonstrated presence of the diagnostic EWSR1-WT1 translocation and these 12 samples were used for the remainder of the analysis. RNA sequencing confirmed the lack of full-length WT1 in all fusion positive samples as well as the JN-DSRCT-1 cell line. ChIP-seq for WT1 showed significant overlap with genes found to be highly expressed, including IGF2 and FGFR4, which were both highly expressed and targets of the EWS-WT1 fusion protein. In addition, we identified CD200 and CD276 as potentially targetable immune checkpoints whose expression is independent of the EWS-WT1 fusion gene in cultured DSCRT cells. In conclusion, we identified IGF2, FGFR4, CD200, and CD276 as potential therapeutic targets with clinical relevance for patients with DSRCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Hingorani
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Valentin Dinu
- The Biodesign Institute, OKED Genomics Core, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin Park
- The Biodesign Institute, OKED Genomics Core, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jason Steel
- The Biodesign Institute, OKED Genomics Core, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Femina Rauf
- The Biodesign Institute, OKED Genomics Core, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - David Parham
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julie Gastier-Foster
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Hall
- Division of Biostatistics, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Douglas S Hawkins
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen X Skapek
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joshua Labaer
- The Biodesign Institute, OKED Genomics Core, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Troy A McEachron
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Yeung C, Gibson AE, Issaq SH, Oshima N, Yohe ME, Lei H, Rai G, Urban DJ, Johnson MS, Benevides GA, Squadrito GL, Eldridge S, Hamre J, Mendoza A, Shern JF, Helman LJ, Krishna MC, Hall MD, Darley-Usmar VM, Neckers LM, Heske CM. Abstract PR08: Lactate dehydrogenase A is a pharmacologically tractable EWS-FLI1 transcriptional target that regulates the glycolytic dependence of Ewing sarcoma. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.pedca19-pr08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Altered cellular metabolism, including an increased dependence on aerobic glycolysis, is a hallmark of cancer. Despite the fact that this observation was first made nearly a century ago, effective therapeutic targeting of glycolysis in cancer has remained elusive. One potentially promising approach involves targeting the glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is overexpressed and plays a critical role in several cancers. To uncover cell type-specific dependencies to LDH, we screened a diverse panel of 94 cancer cell lines for responsiveness to two novel LDH A/B inhibitors developed through the NCI Experimental Therapeutics Program (NExT). We found that Ewing sarcoma (EWS) cell lines were exquisitely sensitive, with IC50 values approximately ten-fold below the median IC50 of the panel. To understand the mechanism behind this sensitivity, we genetically knocked down LDHA and LDHB using siRNA, and discovered that EWS cell lines were sensitive to loss of LDHA only, which inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis. Notably, treatment of EWS cells with the LDH inhibitors phenocopied these effects. Additionally, genetic knockdown of EWS-FLI1, the oncogenic driver of EWS, resulted in loss of LDHA, but not LDHB. Analysis of publicly available ChIP-seq data generated using shFLI1-transfected EWS cells revealed that LDHA, but not LDHB, is directly regulated by EWS-FLI1. Functional mechanistic studies of glycolytic intermediates and cellular bioenergetics in EWS cells treated with the LDH inhibitors demonstrated that loss of viability was due to impairment of glycolysis, which occurred both in vitro and in vivo, and perturbation of the NAD+/NADH ratio. The translational potential of these compounds was next evaluated using in vivo analyses of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and toxicity. Intravenous administration of the LDH inhibitors resulted in diminished LDH activity, reduction of the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, tumor cell necrosis, and a decrease in tumor growth rate in aggressive xenograft models of EWS. The major dose-limiting toxicity observed was hemolysis, indicating that a narrow therapeutic window exists for these compounds. Taken together, our data suggest that targeting glycolysis through inhibition of LDH should be further investigated as a potential therapeutic approach for cancers such as EWS that exhibit oncogene-dependent expression of LDH and increased glycolytic activity.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster B33.
Citation Format: Choh Yeung, Anna E. Gibson, Sameer H. Issaq, Nobu Oshima, Marielle E. Yohe, Haiyan Lei, Ganesha Rai, Daniel J. Urban, Michelle S. Johnson, Gloria A. Benevides, Giuseppe L. Squadrito, Sandy Eldridge, John Hamre III, Arnulfo Mendoza, Jack F. Shern, Lee J. Helman, Murali C. Krishna, Matthew D. Hall, Victor M. Darley-Usmar, Leonard M. Neckers, Christine M. Heske. Lactate dehydrogenase A is a pharmacologically tractable EWS-FLI1 transcriptional target that regulates the glycolytic dependence of Ewing sarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr PR08.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choh Yeung
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Anna E. Gibson
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Sameer H. Issaq
- 2Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Nobu Oshima
- 2Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Marielle E. Yohe
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Haiyan Lei
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Ganesha Rai
- 3National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD,
| | - Daniel J. Urban
- 3National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD,
| | | | | | | | - Sandy Eldridge
- 5Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - John Hamre
- 6Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD,
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Jack F. Shern
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD,
| | - Lee J. Helman
- 7Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,
| | | | - Matthew D. Hall
- 3National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD,
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Liu W, Bhavsar R, Mamikonyan E, Yang FN, Lei H, Weintraub D, Detre JA, Rao H. 0075 Neural Correlates of Cognitive Fatigue in Parkinson Disease. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease affecting millions of people world-wide. Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating non-motor symptom in PD. However, the neural correlates underlying cognitive fatigue are poorly understood. Our previous studies suggested that continuous performance of a simple but mentally demanding psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) induced cognitive fatigue, operationalized as subjective exhaustion and time-on-task performance decline. Here we used arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion fMRI to investigate regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes in PD patients during cognitive fatigue induced by continuous performance of 20-min PVT.
Methods
Twenty-one PD patients completed a 20-min PVT during the ASL scan and two additional 4-min resting-state ASL scans before and after PVT. Reaction times (RTs) and regional CBF changes throughout the PVT as well as during pre- and post-task resting baselines were measured. Cognitive fatigue was analyzed by dividing the entire PVT performance into five quintiles in addition to the immediate measurement of self-rated fatigue before and after PVT.
Results
PD patients demonstrated significantly increased self-reported fatigue ratings after the task (p < 0.05) and progressively slower RTs across quintiles (p < 0.05). Perfusion data showed that the PVT activates the right middle frontal cortex, right inferior parietal lobe, right insula, bilateral occipital cortex, and right cerebellum (FDR corrected). Moreover, the bilateral middle frontal gyri were less active during the post-task rest compared to the pre-task rest.
Conclusion
These results demonstrated that cognitive fatigue has an ongoing effect on brain activity after a period of continuous mental effort and supported the critical role of prefrontal cortex in mediating cognitive fatigue in PD. The findings also suggest the utility of continuous PVT as an appropriate paradigm to induce and examine cognitive fatigue in PD.
Support
Supported in part by Parkinson’s Foundation Translational Research Grant and NIH grants R01-MH107571, R21-AG051981, and P30-NS045839.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liu
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - R Bhavsar
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - E Mamikonyan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - F N Yang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - H Lei
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - D Weintraub
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - J A Detre
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
| | - H Rao
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA, PA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Quan P, Lei H, Wang J, Liu W, Zhang X, Dinges D, Rao H. 0294 Baseline Response Speed Predicts Locus Coeruleus Integrity Change After Sleep Deprivation. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Locus coeruleus (LC) is the major source of norepinephrine (NE) in the brain, which plays a key role in maintaining arousal and alertness. Sleep loss significantly impairs arousal and alertness. However, it is unknown whether sleep loss disrupts LC integrity, which can be measured non-invasively by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In the current study, we used DTI to examine the effects of one night of acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) on fractional anisotropy (FA), an index reflecting fiber density, axonal diameter and myelination.
Methods
We analyzed DTI and psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) data from N=54 health adults (23 females, age range 21–50 years) from a well controlled in-laboratory sleep deprivation study. Participants were randomized to either a TSD condition (n=40) without sleep on night 2, or a control condition (n=14) with no sleep loss. Standard DTI scans were conducted on the morning of day 2 and day 3 between 0700h-1000h. The PVT reciprocal response time (RRT) was used to measure individual’s response speed at baseline without sleep loss. LC regions-of-interest (ROI) were defined by standard templates from Keren et al. (2009). Imaging data were analyzed using FSL toolbox.
Results
For the whole TSD group, no differences were found in the LC FA values before and after sleep deprivation (p > .2). However, when dividing the TSD group to a slow group and a fast group based on their baseline PVT response speed, significantly increased LC FA were found in the slow group (p = .007) but not in the fast group (p > .4). The PVT RRT negatively correlated with LC FA value changes after TSD (r = -.44, p = .004). No correlations were found between the PVT RRT and LC FA changes in the control group.
Conclusion
Our results showed that baseline vigilance response speed correlated with LC integrity change after sleep deprivation, with slower response exhibiting greater changes in LC integrity. These findings support the key role of LC-NE system in the regulation of alertness and arousal.
Support
Supported in part by NIH grants R01-HL102119, R01-MH107571, R21-AG051981. CTRC UL1RR024134, and P30-NS045839.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Quan
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
| | - H Lei
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
| | - J Wang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
| | - W Liu
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
| | - X Zhang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
| | - D Dinges
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
| | - H Rao
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadlephia, PA
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Lei H, Quan P, Liu W, Zhang X, Chai Y, Yang F, Dinges D, Rao H. 0060 Morning Locus Coeruleus Activation During the PVT Predicts Later-Day Sleepiness. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The locus coeruleus (LC) plays a key role in the regulation of arousal and autonomic function. Homeostatic sleep pressure refers to the drive for sleep that increases as a saturating exponential when we stay awake and decreases exponentially when we sleep. The current study used arterial spin labeling (ASL) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the relationship between homeostatic sleep pressure (sleepiness) and LC activity during the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT).
Methods
We analyzed sleepiness and ASL imaging data from N=70 health adults (40 males, age range 21–50 years) who participated in a controlled in-laboratory sleep study. All participants were scanned at rest and during the PVT on the morning between 0700h-1000h after 9 hour time-in-bed (TIB) baseline sleep. LC regions-of-interest (ROI) were defined by standard templates from Keren et al. (2009). Sleepiness was assessed by the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) every two hours from 10:30 am to 10:30 pm.
Results
Sleepiness scores gradually increased over wakefulness time and reached its peak in the evening at about 10:20pm. PVT-induced CBF changes did not correlate with sleepiness scores on the morning (p > 0.05), but showed significant negative correlations with sleepiness scores on later day when sleep pressure became higher, especially during the night-time (r = -0.41, p < 0.001). Specifically, LC CBF showed significant increases during the PVT scan as compared to the resting scan (p = 0.04) in individuals with less nigh-time sleepiness (KSS < 4), but no differences (p > 0.1) in individuals with greater nigh-time sleepiness (KSS ≥ 5). After controlling for age, gender, and total sleep time, PVT-induced regional CBF difference in the LC still negatively predicted sleepiness (β = -0.325, p = 0.005).
Conclusion
Our findings showed that individuals with greater LC CBF increases during the PVT were less sleepy during the night, supporting the key role of LC activity in promoting wakefulness and maintaining sleep homeostasis. PVT-induced LC activation may provide a non-invasive bio-marker of homeostatic sleep pressure in healthy adults.
Support
Supported in part by NIH grants R01-HL102119, R01-MH107571, R21-AG051981. CTRC UL1RR024134, and P30-NS045839.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lei
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - P Quan
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - W Liu
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - X Zhang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Y Chai
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - F Yang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D Dinges
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - H Rao
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Lei H, Moses L, Brault J, Meis R, Dahl G, Malech H, Deravin S, Stroncek D, Highfill S. Development of a gmp manufacturing process for nadph oxidase correction in mRNA transfected granulocytes and monocytes for patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Lei H, Lam N, Carter S, Yockey O, Xu M, Mendoza A, Hernandez ER, Wei JS, Khan J, Yohe ME, Shern JF, Thiele CJ. CASZ1 induces skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma differentiation through a feed-forward loop with MYOD and MYOG. Nat Commun 2020; 11:911. [PMID: 32060262 PMCID: PMC7021771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a childhood cancer that expresses myogenic master regulatory factor MYOD but fails to differentiate. Here, we show that the zinc finger transcription factor CASZ1 up-regulates MYOD signature genes and induces skeletal muscle differentiation in normal myoblasts and ERMS. The oncogenic activation of the RAS-MEK pathway suppresses CASZ1 expression in ERMS. ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq experiments reveal that CASZ1 directly up-regulates skeletal muscle genes and represses non-muscle genes through affecting regional epigenetic modifications, chromatin accessibility and super-enhancer establishment. Next generation sequencing of primary RMS tumors identified a single nucleotide variant in the CASZ1 coding region that potentially contributes to ERMS tumorigenesis. Taken together, loss of CASZ1 activity, due to RAS-MEK signaling or genetic alteration, impairs ERMS differentiation, contributing to RMS tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Norris Lam
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sakereh Carter
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oliver Yockey
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Max Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edjay R Hernandez
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun S Wei
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Yeung C, Gibson AE, Issaq SH, Oshima N, Baumgart JT, Edessa LD, Rai G, Urban DJ, Johnson MS, Benavides GA, Squadrito GL, Yohe ME, Lei H, Eldridge S, Hamre J, Dowdy T, Ruiz-Rodado V, Lita A, Mendoza A, Shern JF, Larion M, Helman LJ, Stott GM, Krishna MC, Hall MD, Darley-Usmar V, Neckers LM, Heske CM. Targeting Glycolysis through Inhibition of Lactate Dehydrogenase Impairs Tumor Growth in Preclinical Models of Ewing Sarcoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5060-5073. [PMID: 31431459 PMCID: PMC6774872 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Altered cellular metabolism, including an increased dependence on aerobic glycolysis, is a hallmark of cancer. Despite the fact that this observation was first made nearly a century ago, effective therapeutic targeting of glycolysis in cancer has remained elusive. One potentially promising approach involves targeting the glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is overexpressed and plays a critical role in several cancers. Here, we used a novel class of LDH inhibitors to demonstrate, for the first time, that Ewing sarcoma cells are exquisitely sensitive to inhibition of LDH. EWS-FLI1, the oncogenic driver of Ewing sarcoma, regulated LDH A (LDHA) expression. Genetic depletion of LDHA inhibited proliferation of Ewing sarcoma cells and induced apoptosis, phenocopying pharmacologic inhibition of LDH. LDH inhibitors affected Ewing sarcoma cell viability both in vitro and in vivo by reducing glycolysis. Intravenous administration of LDH inhibitors resulted in the greatest intratumoral drug accumulation, inducing tumor cell death and reducing tumor growth. The major dose-limiting toxicity observed was hemolysis, indicating that a narrow therapeutic window exists for these compounds. Taken together, these data suggest that targeting glycolysis through inhibition of LDH should be further investigated as a potential therapeutic approach for cancers such as Ewing sarcoma that exhibit oncogene-dependent expression of LDH and increased glycolysis. SIGNIFICANCE: LDHA is a pharmacologically tractable EWS-FLI1 transcriptional target that regulates the glycolytic dependence of Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choh Yeung
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anna E Gibson
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sameer H Issaq
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nobu Oshima
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua T Baumgart
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Leah D Edessa
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ganesha Rai
- Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Daniel J Urban
- Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Michelle S Johnson
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Giuseppe L Squadrito
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sandy Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John Hamre
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Tyrone Dowdy
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Victor Ruiz-Rodado
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adrian Lita
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mioara Larion
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lee J Helman
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gordon M Stott
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Murali C Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthew D Hall
- Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Leonard M Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine M Heske
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Ramakrishna S, Highfill SL, Walsh Z, Nguyen SM, Lei H, Shern JF, Qin H, Kraft IL, Stetler-Stevenson M, Yuan CM, Hwang JD, Feng Y, Zhu Z, Dimitrov D, Shah NN, Fry TJ. Modulation of Target Antigen Density Improves CAR T-cell Functionality and Persistence. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5329-5341. [PMID: 31110075 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) therapy targeting CD22 induces remission in 70% of patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the majority of post-CD22 CART remissions are short and associated with reduction in CD22 expression. We evaluate the implications of low antigen density on the activity of CD22 CART and propose mechanisms to overcome antigen escape. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using ALL cell lines with variable CD22 expression, we evaluate the cytokine profile, cytotoxicity, and in vivo CART functionality in the setting of low CD22 expression. We develop a high-affinity CD22 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) as an approach to improve CAR sensitivity. We also assess Bryostatin1, a therapeutically relevant agent, to upregulate CD22 and improve CAR functionality. RESULTS We demonstrate that low CD22 expression negatively impacts in vitro and in vivo CD22 CART functionality and impairs in vivo CART persistence. Moreover, low antigen expression on leukemic cells increases naïve phenotype of persisting CART. Increasing CAR affinity does not improve response to low-antigen leukemia. Bryostatin1 upregulates CD22 on leukemia and lymphoma cell lines for 1 week following single-dose exposure, and improves CART functionality and in vivo persistence. While Bryostatin1 attenuates IFNγ production by CART, overall in vitro and in vivo CART cytotoxicity is not adversely affected. Finally, administration of Bryostain1 with CD22 CAR results in longer duration of in vivo response. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that target antigen modulation is a promising strategy to improve CD22 CAR efficacy and remission durability in patients with leukemia and lymphoma.See related commentary by Guedan and Delgado, p. 5188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Ramakrishna
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven L Highfill
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zachary Walsh
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Colgate University, Hamilton, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sang M Nguyen
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Haiying Qin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ira L Kraft
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Constance M Yuan
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer D Hwang
- Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Yang Feng
- Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Zhongyu Zhu
- Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Dimiter Dimitrov
- Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Nirali N Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Terry J Fry
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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Chen S, Lei H, Luo Y, Jiang S, Zhang M, Lv H, Cai Z, Huang X. Micro‐
CT
analysis of chronic apical periodontitis induced by several specific pathogens. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1028-1039. [PMID: 30734930 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology Fujian Province University Fuzhou China
| | - H. Lei
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology Fuzhou China
| | - Y. Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology Fuzhou China
| | - S. Jiang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology Fujian Province University Fuzhou China
| | - M. Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
| | - H. Lv
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology Fuzhou China
| | - Z. Cai
- Department of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou China
| | - X. Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology Fujian Province University Fuzhou China
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Wan Y, Liu B, Lei H, Zhang B, Wang Y, Huang H, Chen S, Feng Y, Zhu L, Gu Y, Zhang Q, Ma H, Zheng SY. Nanoscale extracellular vesicle-derived DNA is superior to circulating cell-free DNA for mutation detection in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:2379-2383. [PMID: 30339193 PMCID: PMC6311950 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The comparison between relatively intact nanoscale extracellular vesicle-derived DNA (nEV-DNA) and fragmented circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in mutation detection among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been carried out yet, and thus deserves investigation. Patients and methods Both nEV-DNA and cfDNA was obtained from 377 NSCLC patients with known EGFR mutation status and 69 controls. The respective EGFRE19del/T790M/L858R mutation status was interrogated with amplification-refractory-mutation-system-based PCR assays (ARMS-PCR). Results Neither nEV-DNA nor cfDNA levels show a strong correlation with tumor volumes. There is no correlation between cfDNA and nEV-DNA levels either. The detection sensitivity of nEV-DNA and cfDNA using ARMS-PCR in early-stage NSCLC was 25.7% and 14.2%, respectively, with 96.6% and 91.7% specificity, respectively. In late-stage NSCLC, both nEV-DNA and cfDNA show ∼80% sensitivity and over 95% specificity. Conclusions nEV-DNA is superior to cfDNA for mutation detection in early-stage NSCLC using ARMS-PCR. However, the advantages vanish in late-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Micro and Nano Integrated Biosystem (MINIBio) Laboratory, USA; Penn State Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - B Liu
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - H Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; PerMed Biomedicine Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Wang
- PerMed Biomedicine Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - H Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - L Zhu
- PerMed Biomedicine Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Gu
- PerMed Biomedicine Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhang
- PerMed Biomedicine Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - H Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - S-Y Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Micro and Nano Integrated Biosystem (MINIBio) Laboratory, USA; Penn State Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA; Penn State Cancer Institute, University Park, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.
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49
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Kou L, Jin L, Lei H, Hu C, Li H, Hu X, Hu X. Real-time parallel 3D multiple particle tracking with single molecule centrifugal force microscopy. J Microsc 2018; 273:178-188. [PMID: 30489640 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Real-time tracking of multiple particles is key for quantitative analysis of dynamic biophysical processes and materials science via time-lapse microscopy image data, especially for single molecule biophysical techniques, such as magnetic tweezers and centrifugal force microscopy. However, real-time multiple particle tracking with high resolution is limited by the current imaging processes or tracking algorithms. Here, we demonstrate 1 nm resolution in three dimensions in real-time with a graphics-processing unit (GPU) based on a compute unified device architecture (CUDA) parallel computing framework instead of only a central processing unit (CPU). We also explore the trade-offs between processing speed and size of the utilized regions of interest and a maximum speedup of 137 is achieved with the GPU compared with the CPU. Moreover, we utilize this method with our recently self-built centrifugal force microscope (CFM) in experiments that track multiple DNA-tethered particles. Our approach paves the way for high-throughput single molecule techniques with high resolution and efficiency. LAY DESCRIPTION: Particles are widely used as probes in life sciences through their motions. In single molecule techniques such as optical tweezers and magnetic tweezers, microbeads are used to study intermolecular or intramolecular interactions via beads tracking. Also tracking multiple beads' motions could study cell-cell or cell-ECM interactions in traction force microscopy. Therefore, particle tracking is of key important during these researches. However, parallel 3D multiple particle tracking in real-time with high resolution is a challenge either due to the algorithm or the program. Here, we combine the performance of CPU and CUDA-based GPU to make a hybrid implementation for particle tracking. In this way, a speedup of 137 is obtained compared the program before only with CPU without loss of accuracy. Moreover, we improve and build a new centrifugal force microscope for multiple single molecule force spectroscopy research in parallel. Then we employed our program into centrifugal force microscope for DNA stretching study. Our results not only demonstrate the application of this program in single molecule techniques, also indicate the capability of multiple single molecule study with centrifugal force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - L Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - H Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - C Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - H Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - X Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - X Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Tao X, Liu Y, Chen J, Xu L, Zhou Z, Lei H, Yin Y. Assessment of Single-Barrel Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass in Treatment for Adult Patients with Ischemic-Type Moyamoya Disease. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7469-7474. [PMID: 30339661 PMCID: PMC6203936 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moyamoya disease (MMD) is an idiopathic disease caused by progressive steno-occlusion of the distal internal carotid artery. Ideal surgical treatment for adult patients with ischemic-type MMD has not been achieved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of single-barrel superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass in treatment for adult patients with ischemic-type MMD by analyzing clinical and radiological data retrospectively. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study included 37 patients with non-hemorrhagic MMD, including 21 women and 16 men (21~55 years old, mean age 38.1 years). The bypass surgery was performed on 56 sides in the 37 patients. The clinical charts, angiographic revascularization, and hemodynamic changes were reviewed at 6-60 months after surgery. RESULTS Among the 37 patients, the clinical symptoms and signs of 32 patients were improved or stabilized. Five patients had complications, including 2 cases of acute cerebral infarction, 1 case of epidural hematoma, and 1 case of transient speech disturbance, and 1 patient died. Follow-up computed tomography perfusion (CTP) revealed that cerebral blood flow (CBF) was markedly improved after surgery (P<0.05). Time to peek (TTP) and mean transit time (MTT) were significantly decreased after surgery (P<0.05). No significant change in cerebral blood volume (CBV) was found after surgery (P>0.05). Postoperative patency was clearly verified in 52 bypasses (92.8%) of 56 bypasses on follow-up DSA imaging. CONCLUSIONS Single-barrel STA-MCA bypass can be considered as an effective surgical treatment, which exhibits satisfactory clinical efficacy in ischemic-type MMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People’s Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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