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Correction: Reiter, J.; Beier, M. Deammonification Potential of Pig Slurries and Vapor Condensates from Sewage Sludge Drying-Substrate Quality and Inhibition. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 826. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:424. [PMID: 38790386 PMCID: PMC11117561 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the original publication [...].
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Patterns of subregional cerebellar atrophy across epilepsy syndromes: An ENIGMA-Epilepsy study. Epilepsia 2024; 65:1072-1091. [PMID: 38411286 PMCID: PMC11120093 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The intricate neuroanatomical structure of the cerebellum is of longstanding interest in epilepsy, but has been poorly characterized within the current corticocentric models of this disease. We quantified cross-sectional regional cerebellar lobule volumes using structural magnetic resonance imaging in 1602 adults with epilepsy and 1022 healthy controls across 22 sites from the global ENIGMA-Epilepsy working group. METHODS A state-of-the-art deep learning-based approach was employed that parcellates the cerebellum into 28 neuroanatomical subregions. Linear mixed models compared total and regional cerebellar volume in (1) all epilepsies, (2) temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS), (3) nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy, (4) genetic generalized epilepsy, and (5) extratemporal focal epilepsy (ETLE). Relationships were examined for cerebellar volume versus age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, phenytoin treatment, and cerebral cortical thickness. RESULTS Across all epilepsies, reduced total cerebellar volume was observed (d = .42). Maximum volume loss was observed in the corpus medullare (dmax = .49) and posterior lobe gray matter regions, including bilateral lobules VIIB (dmax = .47), crus I/II (dmax = .39), VIIIA (dmax = .45), and VIIIB (dmax = .40). Earlier age at seizure onset (η ρ max 2 = .05) and longer epilepsy duration (η ρ max 2 = .06) correlated with reduced volume in these regions. Findings were most pronounced in TLE-HS and ETLE, with distinct neuroanatomical profiles observed in the posterior lobe. Phenytoin treatment was associated with reduced posterior lobe volume. Cerebellum volume correlated with cerebral cortical thinning more strongly in the epilepsy cohort than in controls. SIGNIFICANCE We provide robust evidence of deep cerebellar and posterior lobe subregional gray matter volume loss in patients with chronic epilepsy. Volume loss was maximal for posterior subregions implicated in nonmotor functions, relative to motor regions of both the anterior and posterior lobe. Associations between cerebral and cerebellar changes, and variability of neuroanatomical profiles across epilepsy syndromes argue for more precise incorporation of cerebellar subregional damage into neurobiological models of epilepsy.
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Patterns of subregional cerebellar atrophy across epilepsy syndromes: An ENIGMA-Epilepsy study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.21.562994. [PMID: 37961570 PMCID: PMC10634708 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.21.562994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective The intricate neuroanatomical structure of the cerebellum is of longstanding interest in epilepsy, but has been poorly characterized within the current cortico-centric models of this disease. We quantified cross-sectional regional cerebellar lobule volumes using structural MRI in 1,602 adults with epilepsy and 1,022 healthy controls across twenty-two sites from the global ENIGMA-Epilepsy working group. Methods A state-of-the-art deep learning-based approach was employed that parcellates the cerebellum into 28 neuroanatomical subregions. Linear mixed models compared total and regional cerebellar volume in i) all epilepsies; ii) temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS); iii) non-lesional temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE-NL); iv) genetic generalised epilepsy; and (v) extra-temporal focal epilepsy (ETLE). Relationships were examined for cerebellar volume versus age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, phenytoin treatment, and cerebral cortical thickness. Results Across all epilepsies, reduced total cerebellar volume was observed (d=0.42). Maximum volume loss was observed in the corpus medullare (dmax=0.49) and posterior lobe grey matter regions, including bilateral lobules VIIB (dmax= 0.47), Crus I/II (dmax= 0.39), VIIIA (dmax=0.45) and VIIIB (dmax=0.40). Earlier age at seizure onset (ηρ2max=0.05) and longer epilepsy duration (ηρ2max=0.06) correlated with reduced volume in these regions. Findings were most pronounced in TLE-HS and ETLE with distinct neuroanatomical profiles observed in the posterior lobe. Phenytoin treatment was associated with reduced posterior lobe volume. Cerebellum volume correlated with cerebral cortical thinning more strongly in the epilepsy cohort than in controls. Significance We provide robust evidence of deep cerebellar and posterior lobe subregional grey matter volume loss in patients with chronic epilepsy. Volume loss was maximal for posterior subregions implicated in non-motor functions, relative to motor regions of both the anterior and posterior lobe. Associations between cerebral and cerebellar changes, and variability of neuroanatomical profiles across epilepsy syndromes argue for more precise incorporation of cerebellum subregions into neurobiological models of epilepsy.
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An open presurgery MRI dataset of people with epilepsy and focal cortical dysplasia type II. Sci Data 2023; 10:475. [PMID: 37474522 PMCID: PMC10359264 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Automated detection of lesions using artificial intelligence creates new standards in medical imaging. For people with epilepsy, automated detection of focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) is widely used because subtle FCDs often escape conventional neuroradiological diagnosis. Accurate recognition of FCDs, however, is of outstanding importance for affected people, as surgical resection of the dysplastic cortex is associated with a high chance of postsurgical seizure freedom. Here, we make publicly available a dataset of 85 people affected by epilepsy due to FCD type II and 85 healthy control persons. We publish 3D-T1 and 3D-FLAIR, manually labeled regions of interest, and carefully selected clinical features. The open presurgery MRI dataset may be used to validate existing automated algorithms of FCD detection as well as to create new approaches. Most importantly, it will enable comparability of already existing approaches and support a more widespread use of automated lesion detection tools.
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Deammonification Potential of Pig Slurries and Vapor Condensates from Sewage Sludge Drying-Substrate Quality and Inhibition. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:826. [PMID: 37508853 PMCID: PMC10376242 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Deammonification is a well-established process for sludge liquor treatment and promising for wastewaters with high nitrogen loads because of its low energy demand compared to nitrification/denitrification. Two wastewaters with high NH4-N concentrations and a rising significance in Germany-pig slurry (12 samples) and condensates from sewage sludge drying (6 samples)-were studied for their deammonification potential. Furthermore, a comprehensive quality assessment is presented. Both wastewaters show a wide range in terms of CODt, CODs, TN and NH4-N, whereby condensates show a greater variability with no direct relation to dryer type or temperature. In the slurries, CODt shows a relative standard deviation of 106% (mean 21.1 g/L) and NH4-N of 33% (mean 2.29 g/L), while in condensates it reaches 148% for CODt (mean 2.0 g/L) and 122% for NH4-N (mean 0.7 g/L). No inhibition of ammonium-oxidizing-bacteria was detected in the slurries, while two out of five condensates showed an inhibition of >40%, one of >10% and two showed no inhibition at all. Since the inhibition could be avoided by mixing, deammonification can be recommended for condensate treatment. For slurry treatment, the importance of employing some form of solid-liquid-separation as a pretreatment was noted due to the associated COD.
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POS0378 EVALUATION OF THE USE OF VIDEO CONSULTATION IN GERMAN RHEUMATOLOGY CARE BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC WAVES. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic telemedicine tools rapidly and widely gained acceptance as indispensable management tools for the continuum of clinical care in rheumatic diseases. They have been adopted in position papers and guidelines for the management of rheumatic diseases in adult patients.ObjectivesEvaluation of the use of video consultation as one form of telemedicine before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns among Rheumatology physicians in Germany. The survey results are expected to support the optimization and implementation of video consultation (VC) into routine clinical practice in rheumatology, providing long-term benefits for both parties, patients and their treating rheumatologists.MethodsCross-sectional nationwide online survey among German rheumatologists and rheumatologists in training. The survey was promoted by newsletters sent by means of mail and Twitter posts to members of the German Society for Rheumatology (n=1,650) and German Professional Society for Rheumatology (n=527).ResultsReported data refer to 205 participants. The majority of respondents was male (59%), older than 40 years (90%) and specialized in internal medicine/rheumatology (85%).They were divided into two groups: ‘digital users’ (38%) and ‘digital non-users’ (62%). Users employing telemedicine (TM) but never VC were defined as ‘TM-users’ (10%). Those using TM and VC were classified as ‘VC-users’ (27%). ‘Non-users’ negated the use of VC and TM respectively.Knowledge on telemedicine was self-rated as 4 (median on a Likert Scale 1 (very high) to 6 (very low)) with a significant difference between user (VC-user 2.7±1.2, TM-user 3.2±1.1) and non-user (4.4±1.3).The Figure 1 shows a significant increase in the use of VC during the lockdown periods. Even between the lockdown phases, VC use was higher than in the pre-pandemic phase.Figure 1.Grouped patient numbers seen via VC during the pandemic wavesReasons for VC non-use in TM-user and non-user were administrative/technical efforts (21%), lack of technical equipment (15%), time constraints (12%), time required for individual VC sessions (12%), inadequate reimbursement (11%), lack of demand from patients (11%), data security concerns (9%), poor internet connection (8%), and lack of scientific evaluation/evidence (5%).Based on the experience gained, physicians considered the following clinical situations to be particularly suitable for VC: follow-up visits (VC-user 79%, TM-user 62%, non-user 47%), emergency consultations (VC-user 20%, TM-user 33%, non-user 20%), and patients presenting for the first time (VC-user 11%, TM-user 19%, non-user 8%).Table 1.Evaluation of the VC in comparison to other patient interaction (VC-user) on a Likert Scale with 1 (I agree completely) to 6 (I do not agree at all)VC isMean ± standard deviation (median)… comparable to a face to face meeting (n=52)4.3 ± 1.3 (4.5)… comparable to a telephone consultation (n=51)3.3 ± 1.3 (3.0)… suitable as an additional means of communication with the patient (n=51)2.3 ± 1.5 (2.0)ConclusionDespite the fact that the current pandemic situation, with social distancing and several lockdowns, provides an ideal environment for the implementation of new remote care forms such as VC, their use and acceptance remained below expectations. Given the reported decline in physician face-to-face consultations during the pandemic, these findings are even more concerning. The identified reasons for non-utilization should be addressed by policy makers, payers and medical societies to provide better foundations for future innovative care models.Disclosure of InterestsJoana Reiter: None declared, Gamal Chehab: None declared, Peer Aries: None declared, Felix Muehlensiepen Speakers bureau: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Grant/research support from: Novartis Pharma GmbH & AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Martin Welcker: None declared, Anna Voormann: None declared, Matthias Schneider Speakers bureau: Astra-Zeneca; Biogen; BMS; Celgene; Chugai; GSK; Janssen-Cilag; Lilly; Pfizer; UCB, Paid instructor for: Lilly, Consultant of: Abbvie; Astra-Zeneca; Boehringer-Ingelheim; GSK; Lilly; Novartis; Pfizer; Protagen; Roche; Sanofi-Aventis; UCB, Grant/research support from: Abbvie; Astra-Zeneca; GSK; UCB, Christof Specker: None declared, Jutta G. Richter: None declared
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P088 Ventilation inhomogeneity in patients with cystic fibrosis and pancreatic sufficiency and insufficiency. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The Long-Term Effect of a Quality Improvement Intervention in the Management of Bronchiolitis. Indian Pediatr 2021; 58:1093-1094. [PMID: 32788429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quality improvement interventions have been shown to improve adherence with bronchiolitis treatment guidelines; however, the long-term effect of these interventions is unclear. We show that while such an intervention led to a long-lasting change, this was attenuated with time. Repeated interventions are required to maintain guideline adherence.
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ePS2.01 Polysomnographic findings in cystic fibrosis: a meta-analysis. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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WS07-6 Clinical characteristics of patients with normal spirometry - not as normal as it would seem! J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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ePS2.02 Comparison of sleep disorders between patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia and cystic fibrosis with and without pancreatic insufficiency. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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EPS6.04 Correlation between six-minutes-walk-test and cystic fibrosis disease severity. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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0634 Factors Influencing Best Practices in Narcolepsy: Results from a Predictive Modeling Analysis of Educational Outcomes Data. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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67 Effect Size: a quantitative method for the evaluation of treatment effect in n=1 studies. J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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0925 SLEEP DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS: A META-ANALYSIS AND SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Intranasally administered orexin A does not activate sympathetic baroreflex function in healthy humans. Auton Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2015.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF $p$-MODE PARAMETERS FROM AVERAGED SOLAR OSCILLATION POWER SPECTRA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/803/2/92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Intranasally administered Orexin-A does not activate sympathetic baroreflex function in healthy humans. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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An advanced lithium-air battery exploiting an ionic liquid-based electrolyte. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:6572-6577. [PMID: 25329836 DOI: 10.1021/nl5031985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel lithium-oxygen battery exploiting PYR14TFSI-LiTFSI as ionic liquid-based electrolyte medium is reported. The Li/PYR14TFSI-LiTFSI/O2 battery was fully characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, capacity-limited cycling, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results of this extensive study demonstrate that this new Li/O2 cell is characterized by a stable electrode-electrolyte interface and a highly reversible charge-discharge cycling behavior. Most remarkably, the charge process (oxygen oxidation reaction) is characterized by a very low overvoltage, enhancing the energy efficiency to 82%, thus, addressing one of the most critical issues preventing the practical application of lithium-oxygen batteries.
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Macrolides for the long-term management of asthma--a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Allergy 2013; 68:1040-9. [PMID: 23895667 DOI: 10.1111/all.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics, which have anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory effects, have been studied as adjuncts for the management of asthma. However, results have been contradictory and trials underpowered. We therefore sought to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT). METHODS All RCT of prolonged macrolides (3+ weeks) for asthma treatment, published up to January 2013 in MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Highwire, and The Cochrane Collaboration Library, were included. Fixed- or random-effects models were used to calculate pooled weighted or standard mean differences (WMD or SMD, respectively). RESULTS A total of 12 studies were included for analysis. The pooled effect of macrolides on FEV1 (eight trials, 381 subjects) was not significant (SMD 0.05, 95% CI -0.14-0.25), but there was a significant increase in peak expiratory flow (four trials, 419 subjects; WMD 6.7, 95% CI 1.35-12.06). Pooled analysis also showed significant improvements in symptom scores (eight studies, 478 subjects; WMD -0.46, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.32), quality of life (five trials, 346 subjects; WMD 0.18, 95% CI 0.001-0.37), and airway hyper-reactivity (two trials, 131 subjects; SMD 1.99, 95% CI 0.46-3.52). Post hoc evaluation showed limited statistical power to detect significant differences in FEV1. CONCLUSIONS Macrolide administration for asthma for three or more weeks was not associated with improvement in FEV1, but produced significant improvements in peak expiratory flow, symptoms, quality of life, and airway hyper-reactivity. Macrolides may therefore be beneficial as adjunct asthma therapy. Future trials, focusing on long-term safety and effectiveness, should use standardized outcomes and procedures.
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Abstract
AIMS Fasting is common in several religions. The aims of this study were to determine if prolonged fasting (> 25 h) is safe for individuals with Type 1 diabetes and to identify factors associated with success. METHODS Patients intending to fast were instructed on insulin dose adjustments, frequent glucose monitoring and when to terminate the fast using a standard protocol. Clinical and epidemiological factors were recorded and a comparison was made between successful and unsuccessful fasters. RESULTS Of 56 subjects who intended to fast, 37 (65%) were successful. Individuals terminated their fast in the presence of either hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia and adherence to the protocol was high. There were no serious side-effects of fasting. Successful fasters had greater reductions in insulin dosage and higher HbA(1c). There were no differences between individuals taking intermittent insulin injections and those with continuous infusion pumps. CONCLUSIONS Persons with Type 1 diabetes can participate safely in prolonged fasts provided they reduce their usual insulin dose significantly and adhere to guidelines regarding glucose monitoring and indications for terminating fasting.
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Type 1 diabetes risk assessment: improvement by follow-up measurements in young islet autoantibody-positive relatives. Diabetologia 2006; 49:2969-76. [PMID: 17019596 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Combinations of autoantibody characteristics, including antibody number, titre, subclass and epitope have been shown to stratify type 1 diabetes risk in islet autoantibody-positive relatives. The aim of this study was to determine whether autoantibody characteristics change over time, the nature of such changes, and their implications for the development of diabetes. METHODS Five-hundred and thirteen follow-up samples from 141 islet autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives were tested for islet autoantibody titre, IgG subclass, and GAD and IA-2 antibody epitope. All samples were categorised according to four risk stratification models. Relatives had a median follow-up of 6.8 years and 48 developed diabetes during follow-up. Survival analysis was used to determine the probability of change in risk category and of progression to diabetes. RESULTS For each stratification model, the majority of relatives (71-81%) remained in the same risk category throughout follow-up. In the remainder, changes occurred both from lower to higher and from higher to lower risk categories. For all four models, relatives aged < 15 years were more likely to change risk category than those aged >15 years (0.001 < p < 0.03). Relatives whose autoantibody status changed from low- to high-risk categories had a higher risk of diabetes than relatives who remained in low-risk categories, and inclusion of autoantibody status during follow-up improved diabetes risk stratification in Cox proportional hazards models (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Changes in islet autoantibodies are relevant to pathogenesis, and are likely to signal alterations in the disease process. Detection of changes through follow-up measurement will improve diabetes risk stratification, particularly in young individuals.
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Synthesis of 14C-labelled 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-methyl-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiourea. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580181204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kleinschnittinjektorimplantierte Ringwulstlinse — verstärkt sie die Pseudoakkommodation? 5 1/2 Jahre Erfahrung. SPEKTRUM DER AUGENHEILKUNDE 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03164322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Monte Carlo simulations of linear and cyclic chains on cubic and quadratic lattices. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00218a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Model-free analysis of neutron reflectivity data from polymer thin films with the simulated annealing technique. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00068a038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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[Human cloning. The biological fundamentals and an ethical-legal assessment]. REVISTA DE DERECHO Y GENOMA HUMANO = LAW AND THE HUMAN GENOME REVIEW 1998:91-110. [PMID: 10335336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Following a description of the cloning process and how this might be used in humans, the authors examine the possibility of human cloning in the light of recognised ethical principles. They also address the question of whether current national and international laws are sufficient to prevent such practices.
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Abstract
The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE) is a semi-structured clinical interview designed to diagnose body dysmorphic disorder and to measure symptoms of severely negative body image. It tape into preoccupation with and negative evaluation of appearance, self-consciousness and embarrassment, excessive importance given to appearance in self-evaluation, avoidance of activities, body camouflaging, and body checking. The BDDE had adequate internal consistency and test-retest and interrater reliability. It correlated with measures of body image, negative self-esteem, and psychological symptoms, and was sensitive to change following treatment of body dysmorphic disorder. The BDDE distinguished body dysmorphic disorder patients from clinical and non-clinical control subjects and agreed with other clinicians' diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder. The BDDE provided unique information in predicting clinical status when controlling for psychological adjustment and other measures of body image.
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[The optimization of group size for fattening rabbits in group housing on grids made of artificial material]. BERLINER UND MUNCHENER TIERARZTLICHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1996; 109:304-8. [PMID: 9005840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ZIKA-fattening rabbits in groups of 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 animals (5 rabbits/m2) have been proved in 6 repetitions with all together 144 animals during the fattening period of nine weeks in regard to their fattening performance, health and behaviour. The aim was to find an optimal group size for fattening rabbits with respect to animal welfare. The results show, that fattening performance and health of the rabbits have not been influenced remarkably by group size, whereas behaviour was different in so far, as the rabbits in groups of 16 showed a greater percentage of relaxed positions as well as a remarkable smaller percentage of aggressive behaviour. Therefore the group with 16 fattening rabbits is that, which can be advised for the fattening of rabbits in the Hohenheimer group housing.
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Abstract
Data from the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) project and other helioseismic experiments provide a test for models of stellar interiors and for the thermodynamic and radiative properties, on which the models depend, of matter under the extreme conditions found in the sun. Current models are in agreement with the helioseismic inferences, which suggests, for example, that the disagreement between the predicted and observed fluxes of neutrinos from the sun is not caused by errors in the models. However, the GONG data reveal subtle errors in the models, such as an excess in sound speed just beneath the convection zone. These discrepancies indicate effects that have so far not been correctly accounted for; for example, it is plausible that the sound-speed differences reflect weak mixing in stellar interiors, of potential importance to the overall evolution of stars and ultimately to estimates of the age of the galaxy based on stellar evolution calculations.
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Abstract
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a distressing body image disorder that involves excessive preoccupation with physical appearance in a normal appearing person. Prior case reports of behavior therapy were encouraging, but no controlled evaluation of behavior therapy or any other type of treatment had been conducted. In the present study, 54 BDD subjects were randomly assigned to cognitive behavior therapy or no treatment. Patients were treated in small groups for eight 2-hour sessions. Therapy involved modification of intrusive thoughts of body dissatisfaction and overvalued beliefs about physical appearance, exposure to avoided body image situations, and elimination of body checking. Body dysmorphic disorder symptoms were significantly decreased in therapy subjects and the disorder was eliminated in 82% of cases at posttreatment and 77% at follow-up. Overall psychological symptoms and self-esteem also improved in therapy subjects.
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38
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[Organ transplantation as a conflict of interests]. VERSICHERUNGSMEDIZIN 1995; 47:41-2. [PMID: 7762113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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39
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Abstract
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a distressing body image disorder that involves excessive preoccupation with physical appearance in a normal appearing person. Prior case reports of behavior therapy were encouraging, but no controlled evaluation of behavior therapy or any other type of treatment had been conducted. In the present study, 54 BDD subjects were randomly assigned to cognitive behavior therapy or no treatment. Patients were treated in small groups for eight 2-hour sessions. Therapy involved modification of intrusive thoughts of body dissatisfaction and overvalued beliefs about physical appearance, exposure to avoided body image situations, and elimination of body checking. Body dysmorphic disorder symptoms were significantly decreased in therapy subjects and the disorder was eliminated in 82% of cases at posttreatment and 77% at follow-up. Overall psychological symptoms and self-esteem also improved in therapy subjects.
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Abstract
The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE) has several advantages for the assessment of body image in eating disorder patients. It measures distressing self-consciousness, preoccupation with appearance, overvalued ideas about the importance of appearance to one's self-worth, and body image avoidance and checking behaviors. The BDDE is relevant for any type of appearance complaint and is not limited to weight or body shape concerns. The BDDE measures the useful targets for body image therapy. In a sample of eating disorder patients, the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Exam had good internal consistency and was significantly correlated with other measures of body image. It added new information to the discrimination of women with eating disorders from clinical and nonclinical controls beyond that provided by other measures of body image.
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[Ethical aspects of gene manipulation]. METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 1994; 16:469-75. [PMID: 7885072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
It has become apparent that it is neither possible nor convenient to ignore all the possibilities of gene manipulation. Neither is it responsible to blindly trust in these techniques. The gains and risks must be weighed for every case. The recent amendment to the German guidelines for gene manipulation techniques does not mean that ethical discussions have ended, rather it is imperative that such discussions continue.
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Extracellular signal regulated kinases. Localization of protein and mRNA in the human hippocampal formation in Alzheimer's disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1994; 144:565-72. [PMID: 8129042 PMCID: PMC1887090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
MAP kinases (MAPK) are a family of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinases that link cell surface signals to changes in enzyme activity and gene expression. They are the products of the newly described gene family referred to as extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs). Moreover, MAPKs phosphorylate tau in vitro at Ser/Thr Proline sites, generating a multiply phosphorylated tau protein that is similar to the hyperphosphorylated tau found in Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). We studied MAPK immunoreactivity and in situ hybridization patterns of the two major genes that comprise MAPK activity, ERK1 and ERK2, in the human hippocampal formation. Our goal was to determine whether the pattern of ERK expression is consistent with the hypothesis that MAPKs contribute to NFT formation. ERK1 mRNA is present in small amounts and confined primarily to dentate gyrus granule cells. ERK2 mRNA, by contrast, gives a much stronger hybridization signal and is present in dentate gyrus granule cells and pyramidal cells throughout all hippocampal subfields and adjacent temporal neocortex. Quantitative measures of ERK2 mRNA reveal that NFT-bearing neurons contain approximately 15% less ERK2 mRNA than nearest neighbors that do not contain NFT. NFT-bearing neurons contain approximately 25% less polyA mRNA, suggesting a relative preservation of ERK2 mRNA even in metabolically compromised cells. MAPK immunoreactivity (which represents both ERK1 and ERK2) is seen in neuronal soma, dendrites, axons, and in reactive astrocytes. In Alzheimer's disease, neurons that contain NFTs are also MAPK immunoreactive, but neurons that contain the highest amounts of MAPK immunoreactivity are not necessarily vulnerable for NFT. MAPK immunoreactivity is present in the same neurons as NFT and in the same subcellular compartments as tau, supporting a role for MAPKs in tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. However, the presence of ERK immunoreactivity is not sufficient to predispose neurons to NFT formation.
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Abstract
Extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs) are a recently cloned family of genes that encode the MAP kinase protein kinases. They are highly expressed in brain and are believed to play an integral role in neural cellular responses to receptor activation. A role for ERKs has been postulated in Alzheimer's disease, where they have been implicated in phosphorylation of tau in neurofibrillary tangles. We explored the neuroanatomic distribution of ERK immunoreactivity in the rhesus monkey brain. The hippocampal formation, especially the mossy fiber zone and the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus are the most heavily immunostained areas. Cerebral cortex is, in general, more intensely stained in the supragranular layers. The caudate, putamen, and substantia nigra contain more immunoreactivity than the claustrum, globus pallidus, or thalamus with the exception of midline thalamic structures. These results suggest a marked regional and laminar distribution of ERKs in the primate brain.
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[Human dignity and Christian ethics]. DISKUSSIONSFORUM MEDIZINISCHE ETHIK 1993:I-III. [PMID: 8465527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The jurisdiction of most states presumes that human dignity is unconditional. Yet a last reason for this dignity cannot be furnished by a state jurisdiction. Christian ethics for instance argue on a line beyond strictly rational interpretation: human dignity roots in man's affirmation by God. Beyond a simply negative definition it is essential today to define the conditions of human dignity in a positive way.
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[Chances and risks of predictive medicine]. DISKUSSIONSFORUM MEDIZINISCHE ETHIK 1992:LIV-LVI. [PMID: 1477597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ethical reasoning for predictive medicine is closely related to evaluating its chances and risks, for the individual (including future generations) and society. An optimistic viewpoint will emphasize the chances of predictive medicine. Yet it will be of great importance to differentiate overall political perspectives and the effects of any single operational step in regard to its life saving properties. Whenever predictive medicine leads to irresponsible risk it has to be disapproved of.
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Monte Carlo study of diffusion of an ideal ring polymer in a network of obstacles on a cubic and a square lattice. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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A random walk chain reptating in a network of obstacles: Monte Carlo study of diffusion and decay of correlations and a comparison with the Rouse and reptation models. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.459791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Biological Effects Associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation, 1982–83, on Northern Elephant Seals Breeding at Año Nuevo, California. ECOLOGICAL STUDIES 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-76398-4_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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