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Osborne V, Goodin A, Brown J, Winterstein AG, Bate A, Cohet C, Pont L, Moeny D, Klungel O, Pinheiro S, Seeger J, Chan KA, Edlavitch S, Tilson H, Layton D. Updated core competencies in pharmacoepidemiology to inform contemporary curricula and training for academia, government, and industry. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2024; 33:e5789. [PMID: 38629216 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The first paper to specify the core content of pharmacoepidemiology as a profession was published by an ISPE (International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology) workgroup in 2012 (Jones JK et al. PDS 2012; 21[7]:677-689). Due to the broader and evolving scope of pharmacoepidemiology, ISPE considers it important to proactively identify, update and expand the list of core competencies to inform curricula of education programs; thus, better positioning pharmacoepidemiologists across academic, government (including regulatory), and industry positions. The aim of this project was to update the list of core competencies in pharmacoepidemiology. METHODS To ensure applicability of findings to multiple areas, a working group was established consisting of ISPE members with positions in academia, industry, government, and other settings. All competencies outlined by Jones et al. were extracted from the initial manuscript and presented to the working group for review. Expert-based judgments were collated and used to identify consensus. It was noted that some competencies could contribute to multiple groups and could be directly or indirectly related to a group. RESULTS Five core domains were proposed: (1) Epidemiology, (2) Clinical Pharmacology, (3) Regulatory Science, (4) Statistics and data science, and (5) Communication and other professional skills. In total, 55 individual competencies were proposed, of which 25 were new competencies. No competencies from the original work were dropped but aggregation or amendments were made where considered necessary. CONCLUSIONS While many core competencies in pharmacoepidemiology have remained the same over the past 10 years, there have also been several updates to reflect new and emerging concepts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lisa Pont
- University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Moeny
- Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hugh Tilson
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
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2
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Liang C, Ogilvie RP, Doherty M, Clifford CR, Chomistek AK, Gately R, Song J, Enger C, Seeger J, Lin ND, Wang FT. Trends in COVID-19 patient characteristics in a large electronic health record database in the United States: A cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271501. [PMID: 35857793 PMCID: PMC9299343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Electronic health record (EHR) databases provide an opportunity to facilitate characterization and trends in patients with COVID-19. Methods Patients with COVID-19 were identified based on an ICD-10 diagnosis code for COVID-19 (U07.1) and/or a positive SARS-CoV-2 viral lab result from January 2020 to November 2020. Patients were characterized in terms of demographics, healthcare utilization, clinical comorbidities, therapies, laboratory results, and procedures/care received, including critical care, intubation/ventilation, and occurrence of death were described, overall and by month. Results There were 393,773 patients with COVID-19 and 56,996 with a COVID-19 associated hospitalization. A greater percentage of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 relative to all COVID-19 cases were older, male, African American, and lived in the Northeast and South. The most common comorbidities before admission/infection date were hypertension (40.8%), diabetes (29.5%), and obesity (23.8%), and the most common diagnoses during hospitalization were pneumonia (59.6%), acute respiratory failure (44.8%), and dyspnea (28.0%). A total of 85.7% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 had CRP values > 10 mg/L, 75.5% had fibrinogen values > 400 mg/dL, and 76.8% had D-dimer values > 250 ng/mL. Median values for platelets, CRP, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and fibrinogen tended to decrease from January-March to November. The use of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine during hospitalization peaked by March (71.2%) and was used rarely by May (5.1%) and less than 1% afterwards, while the use of remdesivir had increased by May (10.0%) followed by dexamethasone by June (27.7%). All-cause mortality was 3.2% overall and 15.0% among those hospitalized; 21.0% received critical care and 16.0% received intubation/ventilation/ECMO. Conclusions This study characterizes US patients with COVID-19 and their management during hospitalization over the first eleven months of this disease pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Liang
- Optum Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Gately
- Optum Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Song
- Optum Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Cheryl Enger
- Optum Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - John Seeger
- Optum Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Nancy D. Lin
- IQVIA, King of Prussia, PA, United States of America
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3
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Wohrle J, Seeger J, Lahr S, Mayer K, Bernlochner I, Gewalt S, Hochholzer W, Hemetsberger R, Hapfelmeier A, Sager H, Joner M, Richardt G, Neumann FJ, Schunkert H, Kastrati A. Ticagrelor or prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome in relation to glomerular filtration rate. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of ticagrelor versus prasugrel for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) according to their glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Background
The outcomes of ticagrelor versus prasugrel in patients with ACS according to GFR have not been defined.
Methods
Patients (n=3985) with GFR available were categorized in three groups according to the tertiles of GFR. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction and stroke at 1 year.
Results
The primary endpoint occurred significantly more often in patients with low GFR compared to high GFR as well as in patients with low GFR compared to intermediate GFR (picture 1). Patients in the lowest GFR group had significantly higher ischemic and bleeding risks than patients in the intermediate (hazard ratio [HR] 1.93 and 1.68) or high GFR groups (HR 3.52 and 2.96). In the group with low GFR, the primary endpoint occurred in 103 of 677 ticagrelor patients (15.4%) and in 72 of 652 prasugrel patients (11.2%; (HR=1.45, [1.07–1.96], p=.016, picture 2). In addition, each single component of the primary endpoint and stent thrombosis were numerically lower with prasugrel compared with ticagrelor. Occurrence of myocardial infarction was 3.7% with prasugrel compared to 6.6% with ticagrelor (p=0.019). BARC 3–5 bleeding events were similar with ticagrelor and prasugrel (8.8% versus 7.1%, p=0.278). In the intermediate and high GFR group the primary endpoint and bleeding events were similar between prasugrel and ticagrelor.
Conclusions
The incidence of a composite endpoint (all-cause death, myocardial infarction or stroke) occurred less frequently in patients who received prasugrel compared to patients who received ticagrelor in the low GFR population, whereas rate of bleeding events was similar.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Supported by a grant (FKZ 81X1600501) from the German Center for Cardiovascular Research and the Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Germany. Primary endpoint according to GFRLow GFR: Prasugrel versus Ticagrelor
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wohrle
- Medical Campus Lake Constance, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - J Seeger
- Medical Campus Lake Constance, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - S Lahr
- German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K Mayer
- German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - S Gewalt
- German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - W Hochholzer
- University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | | | | | - H Sager
- German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Joner
- German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - G Richardt
- Heart Center Bad Segeberg, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - F J Neumann
- University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | | | - A Kastrati
- German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
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Wohrle J, Scheller B, Seeger J, Farah A, Ohlow A, Mangen N, Moebius-Winkler S, Weilenmann D, Stachel G, Leibundgut G, Rickenbacher P, Cattaneo M, Gilgen N, Kaiser C, Jeger RV. Impact of diabetes on outcome with drug-coated balloons versus drug-eluting stents: the BASKET-SMALL 2 trial. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on 3 year clinical outcome in patients undergoing drug-coated balloon (DCB) or drug-eluting stent (DES) treatment for de-novo lesions.
Background
For the treatment of de-novo coronary small vessel disease DCB are non-inferior to DES regarding clinical outcome up to 3 years.
Methods
In this prespecified analysis of a multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority trial, including 758 patients with de-novo lesions in coronary vessels <3mm who were randomized 1:1 to DCB (n=382) or DES (n=376) and followed over 3 years for major adverse cardiac events (MACE: cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction [MI], and target-vessel revascularization [TVR]), outcome was analyzed regarding the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus.
Results
In non-diabetic patients (n=506) rates of MACE (13.0% vs. 11.5%, hazard ratio [HR] 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73–2.09, p=0.43), cardiac death (2.8% vs. 2.9%, HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.32–2.92, p=0.96), non-fatal MI (5.1% vs. 4.8%, HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.44–2.28, p=0.99), and TVR (8.8% vs. 6.1%, HR 1.64, 95% CI 0.83–3.25, p=0.16) were similar in DCB and DES. In diabetic patients (n=252) rates of MACE (19.3% vs. 22.2%, HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.45–1.48, p=0.51), cardiac death (8.8% vs. 5.9%, HR 2.01, 95% CI 0.76–5.31, p=0.16), non-fatal MI (7.1% vs. 9.8%, HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.21–1.49, p=0.24) were similar in DCB and DES, whereas TVR was significantly lower with DCB compared to DES (9.1% vs. 15.0%, HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.17–0.94, p=0.036). In addition, need for TVR was highest in diabetic patients treated with DES (Picture 1).
Conclusions
The rates of MACE are similar in DCB and DES in de-novo coronary lesions of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In diabetic patients the need for TVR was significantly lower with DCB compared to DES.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Basel Cardiovascular Research Foundation, and B Braun Medical AG. Picture 1
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wohrle
- Medical Campus Lake Constance, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - B Scheller
- University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - J Seeger
- Medical Campus Lake Constance, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - A Farah
- Knappschaftskrankenhaus Klinikum Westfalen, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Ohlow
- Hospital SRH Gera, Gera, Germany
| | - N Mangen
- Heart Center - University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - D Weilenmann
- Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - G Stachel
- Heart Center of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - G Leibundgut
- Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | | | - M Cattaneo
- University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - N Gilgen
- University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Kaiser
- University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R V Jeger
- University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Phiri K, Hallas J, Linder M, Margulis A, Suehs B, Arana A, Bahmanyar S, Hoffman V, Enger C, Horter L, Odsbu I, Olesen M, Perez-Gutthann S, Kristiansen NS, Appenteng K, de Vogel S, Seeger J. A study of cancer occurrence in users of mirabegron and antimuscarinic treatments for overactive bladder. Curr Med Res Opin 2021; 37:867-877. [PMID: 33591859 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2021.1891035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This post-authorization safety study (EU PAS Register Number: EUPAS16088) was designed to compare the incidence of cancer outcomes in patients treated with mirabegron versus antimuscarinic medications. METHODS Cohorts of mirabegron initiators during 2012-2018 were propensity-score matched to antimuscarinic medication initiators within real-world data sources (Danish National Registers, Swedish National Registers, Clinical Practice Research Datalink [UK], Optum [US], and Humana [US]). Incident cancer cases were identified during follow-up from direct linkage to cancer registers or validated through medical record review or through physician questionnaires. Comparisons of sex-specific composite cancer outcomes (cancer of the lung/bronchus, colon/rectum, melanoma of skin, urinary bladder, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, kidney/renal pelvis, pancreas, prostate in men and breast and uterus in women) were made overall and for person-time in the first year and after the first year following start of treatment, for all ages and for the subgroup ≥65 years. RESULTS Among the 80,637 mirabegron initiators matched to 169,885 antimuscarinic medication initiators, 68% were at least 65 years of age and 66% were women. Over 5000 incident cancer cases were observed overall. Incidence rates were higher for men than women for composite and individual cancer outcomes. The pooled fixed effects hazard ratios for composite cancer outcomes (all ages) were 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1.14) for women and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.98-1.14) for men. Results were similar in persons ≥65 years. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest no association between mirabegron use and risk of cancer, compared with antimuscarinic medications, in either men or women. Registration: EU PAS Register Number: EUPAS16088.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesper Hallas
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marie Linder
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Brandon Suehs
- Humana Healthcare Research, Humana, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Shahram Bahmanyar
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Libby Horter
- Humana Healthcare Research, Humana, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ingvild Odsbu
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten Olesen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Nina Sahlertz Kristiansen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Stefan de Vogel
- Pharmacovigilance, Astellas Pharma Europe B.V, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Seeger J, Virmani R, Gonska B, Rottbauer W, Woehrle J. 233Significant differences in captured debris between different valve types captured by the sentinel dual-filter cerebral embolic protection during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Seeger
- University of Ulm, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm, Germany
| | - R Virmani
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, United States of America
| | - B Gonska
- University of Ulm, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm, Germany
| | - W Rottbauer
- University of Ulm, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm, Germany
| | - J Woehrle
- University of Ulm, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm, Germany
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7
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Bykov K, Bohn R, Ewenstein B, Seeger J, Avorn J, Bateman B. Use of Bypassing Agents and Risk of Thromboembolic Events in Patients with Haemophilia and Inhibitors. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:2267-2273. [DOI: 10.1160/th17-05-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPatients with haemophilia and inhibitors to factors VIII or IX require bypassing therapy. The primary safety concern of bypassing agents is thromboembolism; however, the incidence of thromboembolic adverse events (TAEs) in haemophilia patients with inhibitors remains poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of TAEs following exposure to bypassing agents in patients with haemophilia. Using U.S. Medicaid database (2000–2010), we identified a cohort of 719 males (mean age: 10 years at cohort entry) with haemophilia A or B and use of either recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) or activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC). Patients were followed up until loss of insurance eligibility, end of study period, or the first occurrence of TAE. Exposure was assessed on as-treated basis, and outcomes were adjudicated through review of healthcare claims. During the observation of a total of 2,823 person-years (py; mean follow-up: 3.9 years), 22 TAEs were identified, leading to incidence rates of 4.2 events (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8–8.3) per 1,000 unexposed py; 15.4 events (95% CI: 6.7–30.3) per 1,000 aPCC-exposed py; 18.2 events (95% CI: 8.3–34.6) per 1,000 rFVIIa-exposed py; and 29.7 events (95% CI: 6.1–86.7) per 1,000 py of concomitant exposure to both agents. The results were consistent across sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, we found no difference in the rate of TAEs across agents, but the data are compatible with a possibly increased rate associated with a combination therapy, highlighting the need for continuing safety monitoring through prospective registries or observational data.
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8
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Vernikouskaya I, Rottbauer W, Gonska B, Rodewald C, Seeger J, Rasche V, Wöhrle J. Image-guidance for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and cerebral embolic protection. Int J Cardiol 2017; 249:90-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Kessler M, Gonska B, Seeger J, Rodewald C, Rottbauer W, Woehrle J. P6324Predictors of permanent pacemaker implantation after transfemoral aortic valve implantation with the repositionable lotus valve. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p6324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Glatzle M, Hoops M, Kauffold J, Seeger J, Fietz SA. Development of Deep and Upper Neuronal Layers in the Domestic Cat, Sheep and Pig Neocortex. Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46:397-404. [PMID: 28677231 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The neocortex plays a key role in cognition, volitional motor control and sensory perception and has undergone tremendous expansion during evolution. The mature neocortex consists of radially aligned neurons that are arranged in six layers. Layers II-VI are often split into two groups: deep and upper layers, both building up the so-called cortical plate during embryonic and foetal development. So far cortical neurogenesis, including the generation of deep and upper layers, has mostly been studied in laboratory rodents and primates. However, precise data for most companion animals are lacking. This study determined the main period of neurogenesis, specifically the timing of deep and upper layer generation, in the developing domestic cat, pig and sheep neocortex using immunohistochemistry for specific neuronal markers, that is Tbr1 and Brn2. We found that the general sequence of neural events is preserved among cat, pig, sheep and other mammalian species. However, we observed differences in the timing of the overall cortical neurogenic period and occurrence of distinct neural events when these three species were compared. Moreover, our data provide further evidence that the cortical neurogenic period and gestation length might be tightly related. Together, these data expand our current understanding of neocortex development and are important for future studies investigating neocortex development and expansion especially in companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Glatzle
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 43, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Hoops
- Large Animal Clinic for Theriogenology and Ambulatory Services, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Kauffold
- Large Animal Clinic for Theriogenology and Ambulatory Services, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Seeger
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 43, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S A Fietz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 43, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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11
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Misra D, Lu N, Felson D, Choi HK, Seeger J, Einhorn T, Neogi T, Zhang Y. Does knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis improve survival? The jury is still out. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 76:140-146. [PMID: 27190096 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relation of knee replacement (KR) surgery to all-cause mortality has not been well established owing to potential biases in previous studies. Thus, we aimed to examine the relation of KR to mortality risk among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) focusing on identifying biases that may threaten the validity of prior studies. METHODS We included knee OA subjects (ages 50-89 years) from The Health Improvement Network, an electronic medical records database in the UK. Risk of mortality among KR subjects was compared with propensity score-matched non-KR subjects. To explore residual confounding bias, subgroup analyses stratified by age and propensity scores were performed. RESULTS Subjects with KR had 28% lower risk of mortality than non-KR subjects (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.78). However, when stratified by age, protective effect was noted only in older age groups (>63 years) but not in younger subjects (≤63 years). Further, the mortality rate among KR subjects decreased as candidacy (propensity score) for KR increased among subjects with KR, but no such consistent trend was noted among non-KR subjects. CONCLUSIONS While a protective effect of KR on mortality cannot be ruled out, findings of lower mortality among older KR subjects and those with higher propensity scores suggest that prognosis-based selection for KR may lead to intractable confounding by indication; hence, the protective effect of KR on all-cause mortality may be overestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devyani Misra
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Felson
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hyon K Choi
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Seeger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Einhorn
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tuhina Neogi
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Alsumali A, Mekary RA, Seeger J, Regestein Q. Blood pressure and neuropsychological test performance in healthy postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2016; 88:25-31. [PMID: 27105693 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the association between blood pressure and neuropsychological test performance in healthy postmenopausal women. METHODS Data from 88 healthy postmenopausal women aged 46-73 years, who were not experiencing hot flashes, and who had participated in a prior drug trial, were analyzed to find whether baseline blood pressure was associated with impaired performance on neuropsychological testing done at 3 follow-up visits separated by 4 weeks. Factor analysis was used to reduce the dimensions of neuropsychological test performance. Mixed linear modeling was used to evaluate the association between baseline blood pressure and repeatedly measured neuropsychological test performance at follow-up in a complete case analysis (n=53). In a sensitivity analysis (n=88), multiple-imputation using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was used to account for missing data (blood pressure results) for some visits. RESULTS The variables recording neuropsychological test performance were reduced to two main factors (Factor 1=selective attention; Factor 2=complex processing). In the complete case analysis, the association between a 20-mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure and Factor 1 remained statistically significant after adjusting for potential confounders, before adjusting for systolic blood pressure (slope=0.60; 95%CI=0.04,1.16), and after adjusting for systolic blood pressure (slope=0.76; 95%CI=0.06, 1.47). The positive slopes indicated an increase in the time spent performing a given task (i.e., a decrease in neuropsychological test performance). No other significant associations were found between systolic blood pressure and either factor. The results did not materially change after applying the multiple-imputation method. CONCLUSIONS An increase in diastolic blood pressure was associated with a decrease in neuropsychological test performance among older healthy postmenopausal women experiencing hot flashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Alsumali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Business and Administrative Sciences, MCPHS University, 179 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Rania A Mekary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Business and Administrative Sciences, MCPHS University, 179 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Surgery, 75 Francis St., Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - John Seeger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 1620 Tremont St., Boston, MA 02120, United States
| | - Quentin Regestein
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1249 Boylston St. Boston, MA 02215, United States
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Schneevoigt J, Fabian C, Leovsky C, Seeger J, Bahramsoltani M. In VitroExpression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes. Anat Histol Embryol 2016; 46:43-50. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Schneevoigt
- Institute of Anatomy; Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - C. Fabian
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Leipzig Germany
| | - C. Leovsky
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Leipzig Germany
| | - J. Seeger
- Institute of Anatomy; Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - M. Bahramsoltani
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy; Department of Veterinary Medicine; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Wu M, Seeger J, Bartz D, Avorn J. Trends in direct-to-consumer advertising for prescription contraceptives. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Blanke A, Aupperle H, Seeger J, Kubick C, Schusser GF. Histological Study of the External, Middle and Inner Ear of Horses. Anat Histol Embryol 2014; 44:401-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Blanke
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; An den Tierkliniken 11 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - H. Aupperle
- Laboklin GmbH & Co KG; Steubenstr. 4 97688 Bad Kissingen Germany
| | - J. Seeger
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; An den Tierkliniken 43 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - C. Kubick
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Leipzig; Liebigstr. 24 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - G. F. Schusser
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; An den Tierkliniken 11 04103 Leipzig Germany
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Schneevoigt J, Bahramsoltani M, Gerlach K, Gericke A, Fersterra M, Brehm W, Seeger J. Parapagus Conjoined Twin Calf: A Case Study - Focused on CT and Cardiac Abnormalities. Anat Histol Embryol 2014; 43:64-70. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Schneevoigt
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - M. Bahramsoltani
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - K. Gerlach
- Large Animal Clinic for Surgery; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - A. Gericke
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - M. Fersterra
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - W. Brehm
- Large Animal Clinic for Surgery; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - J. Seeger
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
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Kabai E, Beyermann M, Seeger J, Savkin B, Stanglmaier S, Hiersche L. Separation technique for the determination of 99Tc in milk and dairy products in case of emergency. Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 81:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Seeger J, Patzel E, Berger I, Rottbauer W, Just S. TRAF6 regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation in zebrafish. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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19
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Sommerauer S, Muelling CKW, Seeger J, Schusser GF. Anatomy and Anaesthesia of the Equine External Ear Canal. Anat Histol Embryol 2012; 41:395-401. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2012.01148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sommerauer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig; Anden Tierkliniken 11; 04103 Leipzig; Germany
| | - C. K. W. Muelling
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; An den Tierkliniken 43; 04103 Leipzig; Germany
| | - J. Seeger
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; An den Tierkliniken 43; 04103 Leipzig; Germany
| | - G. F. Schusser
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig; Anden Tierkliniken 11; 04103 Leipzig; Germany
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Chen CY, Stevenson L, Seeger J, Williams L, Jalbert J, Rothman A, Stewart G, Setoguchi S. BASELINE BURDEN OF HEART FAILURE LIMITS DURATION OF BENEFIT OF ICD FOR MEDICARE RECIPIENTS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(12)60868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Amend KL, Turnbull B, Foskett N, Napalkov P, Kurth T, Seeger J. Incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients without HIV. Neurology 2010; 75:1326-32. [PMID: 20938025 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f73600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence rate (IR) of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients without HIV. METHODS Within a large US health insurer database between January 2000 and June 2008, we conducted a retrospective observational study. We identified people with autoimmune diseases, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), or history of bone marrow or solid organ transplantation, and a general population cohort. We developed a PML case-finding algorithm and validated PML diagnoses in medical charts. RESULTS There were 138,469 patients with autoimmune diseases, 25,706 with NHL or CLL, and 8,778 with transplants. Among 699 people who met screening criteria for potential PML, 89 had a claim diagnosis of PML (International Classification of Diseases-9 046.3). Medical records were sought for 24 patients without HIV, and 6 had confirmed PML upon review of medical records. The PML IR was 2.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06-13.18) in the systemic lupus erythematosus cohort and 10.8 (95% CI 0.27-60.39) in the autoimmune vasculitis cohort per 100,000 person-years. In the NHL and CLL cohorts, the IR was 8.3 (95% CI 1.71-24.24) and 11.1 (0.28-61.74) per 100,000 person-years. The IR among patients with bone marrow transplantation was 35.4 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 0.90-197.29). There were no cases of PML among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (95% CI 0.0-2.24), multiple sclerosis (95% CI 0.0-5.24), Sjögren disease (95% CI 0.0-21.84), or solid organ transplantation (95% CI 0.0-26.81). CONCLUSIONS In this large population-based investigation of PML with thorough case finding and a known source population, the IR of medical record-confirmed PML was rare in non-HIV patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Amend
- i3 Drug Safety, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
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Clarke JL, Ennis MM, Lamborn KR, Prados MD, Puduvalli VK, Penas-Prado M, Gilbert MR, Groves MD, Hess KR, Levin VA, de Groot J, Colman H, Conrad CA, Loghin ME, Hunter K, Yung WK, Chen C, Damek D, Liu A, Gaspar LE, Waziri A, Lillehei K, Kavanagh B, Finlay JL, Haley K, Dhall G, Gardner S, Allen J, Cornelius A, Olshefski R, Garvin J, Pradhan K, Etzl M, Goldman S, Atlas M, Thompson S, Hirt A, Hukin J, Comito M, Bertolone S, Torkildson J, Joyce M, Moertel C, Letterio J, Kennedy G, Walter A, Ji L, Sposto R, Dorris K, Wagner L, Hummel T, Drissi R, Miles L, Leach J, Chow L, Turner R, Gragert MN, Pruitt D, Sutton M, Breneman J, Crone K, Fouladi M, Friday BB, Buckner J, Anderson SK, Giannini C, Kugler J, Mazurczac M, Flynn P, Gross H, Pajon E, Jaeckle K, Galanis E, Badruddoja MA, Pazzi MA, Stea B, Lefferts P, Contreras N, Bishop M, Seeger J, Carmody R, Rance N, Marsella M, Schroeder K, Sanan A, Swinnen LJ, Rankin C, Rushing EJ, Hutchins LF, Damek DM, Barger GR, Norden AD, Lesser G, Hammond SN, Drappatz J, Fadul CE, Batchelor TT, Quant EC, Beroukhim R, Ciampa A, Doherty L, LaFrankie D, Ruland S, Bochacki C, Phan P, Faroh E, McNamara B, David K, Rosenfeld MR, Wen PY, Hammond SN, Norden AD, Drappatz J, Phuphanich S, Reardon D, Wong ET, Plotkin SR, Lesser G, Mintz A, Raizer JJ, Batchelor TT, Quant EC, Beroukhim R, Kaley TJ, Ciampa A, Doherty L, LaFrankie D, Ruland S, Smith KH, Wen PY, Chamberlain MC, Graham C, Mrugala M, Johnston S, Kreisl TN, Smith P, Iwamoto F, Sul J, Butman JA, Fine HA, Westphal M, Heese O, Warmuth-Metz M, Pietsch T, Schlegel U, Tonn JC, Schramm J, Schackert G, Melms A, Mehdorn HM, Seifert V, Geletneky K, Reuter D, Bach F, Khasraw M, Abrey LE, Lassman AB, Hormigo A, Nolan C, Gavrilovic IT, Mellinghoff IK, Reiner AS, DeAngelis L, Omuro AM, Burzynski SR, Weaver RA, Janicki TJ, Burzynski GS, Szymkowski B, Acelar SS, Mechtler LL, O'Connor PC, Kroon HA, Vora T, Kurkure P, Arora B, Gupta T, Dhamankar V, Banavali S, Moiyadi A, Epari S, Merchant N, Jalali R, Moller S, Grunnet K, Hansen S, Schultz H, Holmberg M, Sorensen MM, Poulsen HS, Lassen U, Reardon DA, Vredenburgh JJ, Desjardins A, Janney DE, Peters K, Sampson J, Gururangan S, Friedman HS, Jeyapalan S, Constantinou M, Evans D, Elinzano H, O'Connor B, Puthawala MY, Goldman M, Oyelese A, Cielo D, Dipetrillo T, Safran H, Anan M, Seyed Sadr M, Alshami J, Sabau C, Seyed Sadr E, Siu V, Guiot MC, Samani A, Del Maestro R, Bogdahn U, Stockhammer G, Mahapatra AK, Venkataramana NK, Oliushine VE, Parfenov VE, Poverennova IE, Hau P, Jachimczak P, Heinrichs H, Schlingensiepen KH, Shibui S, Kayama T, Wakabayashi T, Nishikawa R, de Groot M, Aronica E, Vecht CJ, Toering ST, Heimans JJ, Reijneveld JC, Batchelor T, Mulholland P, Neyns B, Nabors LB, Campone M, Wick A, Mason W, Mikkelsen T, Phuphanich S, Ashby LS, DeGroot JF, Gattamaneni HR, Cher LM, Rosenthal MA, Payer F, Xu J, Liu Q, van den Bent M, Nabors B, Fink K, Mikkelsen T, Chan M, Trusheim J, Raval S, Hicking C, Henslee-Downey J, Picard M, Reardon D, Kaley TJ, Wen PY, Schiff D, Karimi S, DeAngelis LM, Nolan CP, Omuro A, Gavrilovic I, Norden A, Drappatz J, Purow BW, Lieberman FS, Hariharan S, Abrey LE, Lassman AB, Perez-Larraya JG, Honnorat J, Chinot O, Catry-Thomas I, Taillandier L, Guillamo JS, Campello C, Monjour A, Tanguy ML, Delattre JY, Franz DN, Krueger DA, Care MM, Holland-Bouley K, Agricola K, Tudor C, Mangeshkar P, Byars AW, Sahmoud T, Alonso-Basanta M, Lustig RA, Dorsey JF, Lai RK, Recht LD, Reardon DA, Paleologos N, Groves M, Rosenfeld MR, Meech S, Davis T, Pavlov D, Marshall MA, Sampson J, Slot M, Peerdeman SM, Beauchesne PD, Faure G, Noel G, Schmitt T, Kerr C, Jadaud E, Martin L, Taillandier L, Carnin C, Desjardins A, Reardon DA, Peters KB, Herndon JE, Kirkpatrick JP, Friedman HS, Vredenburgh JJ, Nayak L, Panageas KS, Deangelis LM, Abrey LE, Lassman AB. Ongoing Clinical Trials. Neuro Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq116.s9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Badruddoja MA, Pazzi M, Stea B, Kuzma KM, Bishop MC, Carmody R, Schroeder K, Seeger J, Marsella M, Sanan A. Phase II study of biweekly temozolomide plus bevacizumab for adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Willemsen MA, Verbeek MM, Kamsteeg EJ, de Rijk-van Andel JF, Aeby A, Blau N, Burlina A, Donati MA, Geurtz B, Grattan-Smith PJ, Haeussler M, Hoffmann GF, Jung H, de Klerk JB, van der Knaap MS, Kok F, Leuzzi V, de Lonlay P, Megarbane A, Monaghan H, Renier WO, Rondot P, Ryan MM, Seeger J, Smeitink JA, Steenbergen-Spanjers GC, Wassmer E, Weschke B, Wijburg FA, Wilcken B, Zafeiriou DI, Wevers RA. Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency: a treatable disorder of brain catecholamine biosynthesis. Brain 2010; 133:1810-22. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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25
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Meissner R, Rupp H, Seeger J, Leinweber P. Strategies to mitigate diffuse phosphorus pollution during rewetting of fen peat soils. Water Sci Technol 2010; 62:123-131. [PMID: 20595762 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The cultivation of fen peat soils (Eutric Histosols) for agricultural purposes, started in Europe about 250 years ago, resulting in decreased soil fertility, increased oxidation of peat and corresponding greenhouse gas fluxes to the atmosphere, nutrient transfer to aquatic ecosystems and losses in total area of the former native wetlands. To prevent these negative environmental effects set-aside programs and rewetting measures were promoted in recent years. Literature results and practical experiences showed that large scale rewetting of intensively used agricultural Histosols may result in mobilisation of phosphorus (P), its transport to adjacent surface waters and an accelerated eutrophication. The paper summarises results from an international European Community sponsored research project and demonstrates how results obtained at different scales and from different scientific disciplines were compiled to derive a strategy to carry out rewetting measures. Based on this findings a simple decision support system (DSS) for a hydrologically sensitive area in the Droemling catchment in north-eastern Germany was developed and since 2005 practically used to prevent freshwater resources from non point P pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Meissner
- Department of Soil Physics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Lysimeter Station, Falkenberg, Germany.
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König HE, Budras KD, Seeger J, Sora MC. About the clinical anatomy of the guttural pouch (diverticulum tubae auditivae) in the horse. PFERDEHEILKUNDE 2010. [DOI: 10.21836/pem20102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Groothuis J, Esselink R, van Aalst M, Seeger J, Bloem B, Hopman M. S9.5 Is orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's disease a vascular regulatory problem? Auton Neurosci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jank A, Fasshauer M, Seeger J, Schrey S, Faber R, Stepan H. EsRAGE (endogenous secretory receptor of advanced glycation endproducts) und Präeklampsie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gerlach K, Flatz K, Brehm W, Seeger J. Clinical anatomy of the splanchnocranium region of the equine using magnetic resonance imaging. PFERDEHEILKUNDE 2009. [DOI: 10.21836/pem20090107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Riordan HJ, Sutton VK, Zdon GS, Anderson DR, Seeger J, Schaeffer J, Moore RJ. P4‐100: Statin use and the risk of Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Insights from a health insurance database. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Strombom I, Wernicke J, Seeger J, D'Souza D, Acharya N. Hepatic Effects of Duloxetine – III: Analysis of Hepatic Events Using External Data Sources. Curr Drug Saf 2008; 3:154-62. [DOI: 10.2174/157488608784529215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Costales AC, Korner P, Seeger J, Carmen W. Increasing utilization and patterns of use of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system — data from a large US health plan. Contraception 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2007.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Dennison SK, Jacobs SA, Wilson J, Seeger J, Cescon T, Raymond JM, Geyer CE, Wolmark N, Swain SM. A phase II clinical trial of ZD1839 (gefitinib) in combination with docetaxel as first-line treatment in patients with advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1059 Background: We conducted a phase II multi-institutional trial of gefitinib and docetaxel as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic breast cancer. The primary objectives were to determine the clinical benefit rate (defined as the proportion of patients who experienced confirmed complete response or partial response or who had stable disease for at least 24 weeks) and the toxicity profile of the combination treatment. Methods: All patients had histologically confirmed breast cancer with metastatic disease. They may have received adjuvant chemotherapy, but no prior docetaxel or prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Patients received gefitinib 250 mg once daily and docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, until tumor progression, toxicity or other reasons for discontinuation. Results: Between April 2003 and September 2004, 33 patients were enrolled at 11 participating institutions. Patients received a median of 5 cycles of treatment. The clinical benefit rate was 51.5% (95% CI: 33.5% - 69.2%). There was 1 confirmed complete response and 12 confirmed partial responses, and the overall objective response rate was 39.4% (95% CI: 22.9% - 57.9%). Four patients had stable disease for = 24 weeks. The median duration of clinical benefit was 10.9 months (95% CI: 6.0 - 17.6 months). The most common reason for study discontinuation was disease progression (16 patients), followed by toxicity (10 patients). Toxicities were mainly attributable to docetaxel, including = grade 3 neutropenia in 43% of patients. Conclusion: The combination of gefitinib and docetaxel is an active regimen in patients with previously untreated metastatic breast cancer. Further work is needed to determine which subset of patients with breast cancer will benefit from gefitinib. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Dennison
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - S. A. Jacobs
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. Wilson
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. Seeger
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - T. Cescon
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. M. Raymond
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - C. E. Geyer
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - N. Wolmark
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - S. M. Swain
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA; Norton Health Care, Louisville, KY; Berks Hematology and Oncology Associates, Reading, PA; Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Dietzel J, Kuhrt H, Stahl T, Kacza J, Seeger J, Weber M, Uhlig A, Reichenbach A, Grosche A, Pannicke T. Morphometric analysis of the retina from horses infected with the Borna disease virus. Vet Pathol 2007; 44:57-63. [PMID: 17197624 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-1-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Borna disease (BD) is a fatal disorder of horses, often characterized by blindness. Although degeneration of retinal neurons has been demonstrated in a rat model, there are controversial data concerning whether a similar degeneration occurs in the retina of infected horses. To investigate whether BD may cause degeneration of photoreceptors and possibly of other neuronal cells at least at later stages of the disease, we performed a detailed quantitative morphologic study of retinal tissue from Borna-diseased horses. BD was diagnosed by detection of pathognomonic Joest-Degen inclusion bodies in the postmortem brains. Paraffin sections of paraformaldehyde-fixed retinae were used for histologic and immunohistochemical stainings. Numbers of neurons and Müller glial cells were counted, and neuron-to-Müller cell ratios were calculated. Among tissues from 9 horses with BD, we found retinae with strongly altered histologic appearance as well as retinae with only minor changes. The neuron-to-Müller cell ratio for the whole retina was significantly smaller in diseased animals (8.5 +/- 0.4; P < .01) as compared with controls (17.6 +/- 0.8). It can be concluded that BD in horses causes alterations of the retinal histology of a variable degree. The study provides new data about the pathogenesis of BD concerning the retina and demonstrates that a loss of photoreceptors may explain the observed blindness in infected horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dietzel
- Paul-Flechsig-Institut für Hirnforschung, Universität Leipzig, Jahnallee 59, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
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35
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Fasshauer M, Waldeyer T, Seeger J, Schrey S, Faber R, Stepan H. Verminderte Konzentration zirkulierender Progenitorzellen bei Patientinnen mit Präeklampsie vor und nach Entbindung – Zirkulierende Progenitorzellen und Präeklampsie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1002843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Jakubowitz E, Seeger J, Clarius M, Thomsen M. Periprosthetic fractures in elderly patients: An experimental study cementiess vs cemented system. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)85109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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37
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Hoffmann A, Loderstedt S, Eulenberger K, Flugger M, Junhold J, Seeger J. The Epithelial Layer of the Term Placenta of the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus): a Light and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study. Anat Histol Embryol 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00669_43.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Stahl T, Mohr C, Kacza J, Pannicke T, Sauder S, Reichenbach A, Seeger J. Characterization of the Acute Immune Response in the Retina of Borna Disease Virus-infected Lewis Rats. Anat Histol Embryol 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00669_112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Hoffmann A, Thiele M, Fehlhaber K, Seeger J. Effects of Ozone (O3) on Survival and Development of Chick Embryos After Gas Exposure In Ovo. Anat Histol Embryol 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00669_44.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Jarre A, Fuhse C, Ollinger C, Seeger J, Tucoulou R, Salditt T. Two-dimensional hard x-ray beam compression by combined focusing and waveguide optics. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:074801. [PMID: 15783821 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.074801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A two-dimensionally confining x-ray channel waveguide structure is combined with a high gain Kirkpatrick-Baez prefocusing mirror system yielding a hard x-ray beam with a cross section of 25 x 47 nm(2) (FWHM). Unlike the previously employed resonant beam coupling scheme, the incoming beam is coupled in from the front side of the waveguide and the waveguided beam is no longer accompanied by spurious reflected or transmitted beams. The field distribution in the waveguide channel has been calculated numerically. The calculated transmission and far-field intensity pattern are in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jarre
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Universität Göttingen, Geiststrasse 11, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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41
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42
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Gierich J, Weitzel D, Seeger J, Wagner W, Haecker H. Intrakranielle Zyste in H�he des Os frontale. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-002-0533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Pannicke T, Weick M, Uckermann O, Wheeler-Schilling T, Fries JE, Reichel MB, Mohr C, Stahl T, Fluess M, Kacza J, Seeger J, Richt JA, Reichenbach A. Electrophysiological alterations and upregulation of ATP receptors in retinal glial Müller cells from rats infected with the Borna disease virus. Glia 2001; 35:213-23. [PMID: 11494412 DOI: 10.1002/glia.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Infection with the neurotropic Borna disease virus (BDV) causes an immune-mediated neurological disease in a broad range of species. In addition to encephalitis, BDV-infected Lewis rats develop a retinitis histologically characterized by the loss of most retinal neurons. By contrast, the dominating retinal macroglia, the Müller cells, do not degenerate. It is known from several models of neurodegeneration that glial cells may survive but undergo significant alterations of their physiological parameters. This prompted us to study the electrophysiology and ATP-induced changes of intracellular Ca(2+)-concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in Müller cells from BDV-infected rat retinae. Freshly isolated cells were used for whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Whereas neither zero current potentials nor membrane resistances showed significant alterations, the membrane capacitance increased in cells from BDV-infected rats during survival times of up to 8 months. This process was accompanied by a decrease in K(+) current densities. Müller cells from BDV-infected rats were characterized by expression of a prominent fast-inactivating A-type K(+) current which was rarely found in control cells. Moreover, the number of cells displaying Na(+) currents was slightly increased after BDV-infection. ATP evoked increases in [Ca(2+)](i) in Müller cells within retinal wholemounts of both control and BDV-infected animals. However, the number of ATP-responding isolated cells increased from 24% (age-matched controls) to 78% (cells from animals > or =18 weeks after infection). We conclude that in BDV-induced retinopathy, reactive rat Müller cells change their physiological parameters but these changes are different from those in Müller cells during proliferative vitreoretinopathy in man and rabbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pannicke
- Paul-Flechsig-Institut für Hirnforschung, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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44
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Kacza J, Mohr C, Pannicke T, Kuhrt H, Dietzel J, Flüss M, Richt JA, Vahlenkamp TW, Stahl T, Reichenbach A, Seeger J. Changes of the organotypic retinal organization in Borna virus-infected Lewis rats. J Neurocytol 2001; 30:801-20. [PMID: 12165671 DOI: 10.1023/a:1019641404940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Retinae of Borna disease virus (BDV)-infected Lewis rats were investigated with emphasis on long-term changes in organotypic tissue organization and glia-neuron relationship. Virus inoculation was attained via intracerebral BDV injection. Following survival times ranging between two and eight months, the retinal thickness was reduced up to one third of that of controls. Photoreceptor segments were completely extinguished and the number of neurons was dramatically reduced. The typical laminar organization of the retina was largely dissolved. Electron microscopy revealed severe spongy degeneration. Large numbers of activated microglia and macrophages were found, both cell types performing very active phagocytosis. The microglial cells expressed an extraordinary phenotype as characterized by large numbers of processes, with some of them penetrating the endfeet of Müller cells and others establishing highly complex interdigitations with vacuolized swellings and endings of neuronal processes. Müller cells were not reduced in number but displayed clear indications of gliosis such as alterations in the immunoreactivity for filament proteins and glutamine synthetase, significantly thickened stem processes, and an altered pattern of K(+) currents in patch-clamp recordings. These findings demonstrate for the first time long-term neuron-glia interactions in the retina of BDV-infected rats. Moreover, the data contribute to our knowledge on structural and functional alterations accompanying persisting virus infection in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kacza
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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45
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Faude F, Wendt S, Biedermann B, Gärtner U, Kacza J, Seeger J, Reichenbach A, Wiedemann P. Facilitation of artificial retinal detachment for macular translocation surgery tested in rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001; 42:1328-37. [PMID: 11328747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE For macular translocation surgery, the native attached retina has to be detached either locally or completely. Although different surgical techniques are used, there is a general search for supporting procedures that facilitate and accelerate the retinal detachment. METHODS Pars plana vitrectomies were performed in pigmented rabbits. In all experimental groups, a local retinal detachment was created by infusing the test solution with a thin glass micropipette attached to a glass syringe. In control animals a standard balanced salt solution was used at room temperature, in combination with a standard vitrectomy light source. In two test groups, a calcium- and magnesium-free solution was used for the vitrectomy, under illumination by a standard light source in group I (solution at room temperature) and group II (solution heated up to body temperature). In group III the rabbits were dark-adapted for half an hour, and then, during surgery, a red filter was used in front of the light source (standard balanced salt solution at room temperature). After the rabbits were killed at the end of surgery, the adherence of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to the neural retina in the detachment area was quantified microscopically, and the morphologic integrity of the detached retinal tissue was examined by light and electron microscopy. No electrophysiology was performed. RESULTS In all four groups, it was possible to detach the retina. The maximum adherence of the RPE cells to the neural retina was observed in the control group. Virtually no decrease in adherence was found in test group II (36 degrees C solution without calcium and magnesium), whereas a significant decrease was seen in both group I (calcium- and magnesium-free solution at room temperature) and group III (dark adaptation-red light technique; standard balanced salt solution at room temperature). In none of the experimental groups was any obvious damage of the retinal structure observed, even after exposure to the test solutions for 60 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Both dark adaptation (red illumination) and the use of a calcium chloride- and magnesium chloride-free solution (at room temperature) can facilitate retinal detachment in macular translocation surgery. Both techniques are proposed as a gentle support for the operation, because they protect an intact RPE cell layer and do not cause retinal damage at the ultrastructural level.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Faude
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-1403 Leipzig, Germany
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46
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Francke M, Makarov F, Kacza J, Seeger J, Wendt S, Gärtner U, Faude F, Wiedemann P, Reichenbach A. Retinal pigment epithelium melanin granules are phagocytozed by Müller glial cells in experimental retinal detachment. J Neurocytol 2001; 30:131-6. [PMID: 11577251 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011987107034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability of retinal Müller glial cells to perform phagocytosis in vivo is studied in a rabbit model of experimental retinal detachment where pigment epithelial cells are occasionally detached together with the neural retina. While macrophages and/or microglial cells phagocytoze most of the cellular debris at the sclerad surface of the detached retinae, some Müller cells accumulate melanin granules. The granules are virtually intact at the ultrastructural level, and are surrounded by a membrane. They are often located close to the sclerad end of the cells, but some are distributed throughout the outer stem process up to the soma. It is concluded that rabbit Müller cells in vivo are capable of phagocytosis and of transporting the phagocytozed material within their cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Francke
- Paul-Flechsig-Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Jahnallee 59, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany.
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47
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Kacza J, Grosche J, Seeger J, Brauer K, Brückner G, Härtig W. Laser scanning and electron microscopic evidence for rapid and specific in vivo labelling of cholinergic neurons in the rat basal forebrain with fluorochromated antibodies. Brain Res 2000; 867:232-8. [PMID: 10837818 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently developed methods for the selective labelling of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons containing the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75(NTR)) in vivo and in vitro are based on carbocyanine 3 (Cy3)-tagged antibodies directed against p75(NTR). The present study focuses on the maintenance of this neuronal label after injection of such fluorescent antibodies into the cerebral ventricle. One, 3, and 10 days after injection this marker exclusively stains neurons immunoreactive for the cholinergic markers choline acetyltransferase and vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the rat medial septum, diagonal band and nucleus basalis. Thirty days after injection the in vivo labelling was nearly abolished. Predominant labelling of lysosomes was shown by electron microscopic analysis following photoconversion of the Cy3-label to an electron-dense reaction product. The pre-labelling of cholinergic neurons might facilitate pharmacological and electrophysiological approaches in living slices and cell culture systems as well as detailed investigations focused on the transport of neurotrophins in vivo and in animals with experimentally altered p75(NTR) expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kacza
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, An den Tierkliniken 43, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
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48
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Erly WK, Zaetta J, Borders GT, Ozgur H, Gabaeff DR, Carmody RF, Seeger J. Gadopentetate dimeglumine as a contrast agent in common carotid arteriography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21:964-7. [PMID: 10815678 PMCID: PMC7976764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite improvements in noninvasive imaging, some patients with contraindications to iodine-based contrast material still require angiography for the evaluation of carotid stenosis. Our aim was to assess the utility of gadopentetate dimeglumine as an intraarterial contrast agent in common carotid angiography. METHODS Twelve patients with suspected carotid artery stenosis were enrolled in the study. In addition to the standard injection sequences with iohexol, common carotid arteriograms were obtained after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Neurologic status and vital signs were monitored during and for 6 hours after the examination. For each injection, five independent observers, blinded to the contrast agent used, measured the percentage of carotid stenosis and assessed their confidence in grading the stenosis, the overall quality of the examination, and, in cases of decreased quality, the reason(s) for it. Statistical analysis was done with paired and unpaired t-tests with equal variances. RESULTS No patient had an adverse clinical outcome, and measurements of carotid artery stenosis showed no statistically significant differences between the gadopentetate dimeglumine and iohexol examinations. Overall image quality and observer confidence in measurements of stenosis on the gadolinium-based studies were slightly but significantly lower than those of identical iodine-based studies. CONCLUSION Gadopentetate dimeglumine may be an alternative to iodine in selected patients undergoing carotid angiography. Although overall image quality of the gadolinium studies is slightly inferior to that of the iohexol studies, measurements of carotid artery stenosis are similar for the two examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Erly
- Department of Radiology, The University of Arizona Health Science Center, Tucson 85724, USA
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49
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Kacza J, Vahlenkamp TW, Enbergs H, Richt JA, Germer A, Kuhrt H, Reichenbach A, Müller H, Herden C, Stahl T, Seeger J. Neuron-glia interactions in the rat retina infected by Borna disease virus. Arch Virol 2000; 145:127-47. [PMID: 10664411 DOI: 10.1007/s007050050010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuron-glia interactions in the Borna disease virus (BDV)-infected rat retina were investigated with emphasis on the ultrastructural characterization of degenerative alterations in the ganglion cell and photoreceptor layer. Immuno- and cytochemical techniques were applied to label microglia, macrophages and Müller (macroglial) cells. Four weeks after intracerebral infection of adult rats, the total thickness of the retina was considerably diminished, primarily due to the loss of photoreceptor segments and ganglion cells. A gradual reduction of both plexiform layers was also observed. There was a remarkable increase in the number of microglial cells, predominantly in the ganglion cell and the inner plexiform layers. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed that microglia, but also macrophages, were involved in phagocytosis accompanying severe neuronal degeneration in the ganglion cell and the photoreceptor layer. In contrast, Müller cells showed moderate morphological and cytochemical alterations, indicating that Müller cells play only a minor role in early stages of BDV-induced retinitis. Monitoring neuron-glia interactions in BDV-induced retinopathy, combined with the application of different protocols of immunosuppression effecting the BDV virus and/or the microglia, might help to establish specific strategies to suppress BDV-induced neuronal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kacza
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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50
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Härtig W, Seeger J, Naumann T, Brauer K, Brückner G. Selective in vivo fluorescence labelling of cholinergic neurons containing p75(NTR) in the rat basal forebrain. Brain Res 1998; 808:155-65. [PMID: 9767155 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic system of the rat basal forebrain is used as a model for the homologous region in humans which is highly susceptible to neuropathological alterations as in Alzheimer's disease. Cholinergic cells in the basal forebrain express the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. This has been utilized for selective immunolesioning of cholinergic neurons after internalization of an immunotoxin composed of anti-p75NTR and the ribosome-inactivating toxin saporin. However, the goal of many studies may be not the lesion, but the identification of cholinergic cells after other experimentally induced alterations in the basal forebrain. Therefore, a novel cholinergic marker was prepared by conjugating the monoclonal antibody 192IgG directed against p75NTR with the bright red fluorochrome carbocyanine 3 (Cy3). Three days after intraventricular injection of Cy3-192IgG the fluorescence microscopic analysis revealed a pattern of Cy3-labelled cells matching the distribution of cholinergic neurons. Apparently the marker was internalized within complexes of p75NTR and Cy3-192IgG which were then retrogradely transported to the cholinergic perikarya of the basal forebrain. In addition to the even labelling of somata, a strong punctate-like Cy3-immunofluorescence was seen in structures resembling lysosomes. The specificity of the in vivo staining was proven by subsequent immunolabelling of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) with green fluorescent Cy2-tagged secondary antibodies. In the medial septum, the diagonal band and the nucleus basalis only cholinergic neurons were marked by Cy3-192IgG. In parallel experiments, digoxigenylated 192IgG was not detectable within cholinergic basal forebrain neurons after intraventricular injection. Presumably, this modified antibody could not be internalized. On the other hand, digoxigenylated 192IgG was found to be an excellent immunocytochemical marker for p75NTR as shown by double labelling including highly sensitive mouse antibodies directed against ChAT. Based on the present findings, future applications of the apparently non-toxic Cy3-192IgG and other antibodies for fluorescent in vivo and in vitro labelling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Härtig
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Department of Neurochemistry, Jahnallee 59, D-04109, Leipzig, Germany
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