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Ishii H, Shibuya M, Leung GNW, Yamashita S, Nagata SI, Kushiro A, Sakai S, Toju K, Okada J, Kawasaki K, Kusano K, Kijima-Suda I. Additional studies on nicotine exposure in horses: Accurate quantification and elimination profiles of potential biomarkers in plasma and urine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2022; 36:e9396. [PMID: 36098053 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE For the purpose of doping control, this is the first report of accurate quantification of four critical structural isomers of nicotine metabolites (trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, cis-3'-hydroxycotinine, 5'-hydroxycotinine, and N'-hydroxymethylnorcotinine) in equine plasma and urine for the establishment of their elimination profiles. Besides, the pharmacokinetic studies of trans-3'-hydroxycotinine and N'-hydroxymethylnorcotinine in equine plasma and urine are also presented for the first time. METHODS The accurate quantification methods of the aforementioned four structural isomers in horse plasma and urine were successfully developed and validated using the solid-phase extractions followed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Baseline chromatographic separation was achieved to completely differentiate these isomers, which shared the same selected reaction monitoring transition. Such methods were applied to post-administration samples obtained from the nicotine and tobacco leaf administration studies for the establishment of pharmacokinetic profiles. RESULTS N'-Hydroxymethylnorcotinine could be quantified for the longest period, ranging from 48 to 72 h in plasma and 96 h in urine after a single administration of 250 mg of nicotine and an equivalent amount of nicotine in tobacco leaves. In terms of detection, both N'-hydroxymethylnorcotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine could be detected up to the last sample collection time point (96 h), indicating that they are the most appropriate biomarkers for nicotine exposure. CONCLUSIONS N'-Hydroxymethylnorcotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine were detected longest in plasma and urine samples after both nicotine and tobacco leaf administrations, and N'-hydroxymethylnorcotinine was deemed most appropriate as a monitoring target due to its relatively higher abundance and slower elimination rate. These two biomarkers could also be used to differentiate sample contamination by tobacco products and genuine nicotine exposure to horse regardless of intentionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mariko Shibuya
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Gary Ngai-Wa Leung
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamashita
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Nagata
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Kushiro
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Race Horse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kota Toju
- Race Horse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kawasaki
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanichi Kusano
- Race Horse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ritto, Shiga, Japan
| | - Isao Kijima-Suda
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
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Kawai K, Okada J, Nakae M, Tsujimura T, Karuo Y, Tarui A, Sato K, Yamashita S, Kataoka M, Omote M. Discovery of benzyloxyphenyl- and phenethylphenyl-imidazole derivatives as a new class of ante–drug type boosters. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 72:128868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Ishii H, Leung GNW, Yamashita S, Nagata SI, Kushiro A, Sakai S, Toju K, Okada J, Kawasaki K, Kusano K, Kijima-Suda I. Identification of potential biomarkers in urine and plasma after consumption of tobacco product in horses. Drug Test Anal 2022; 14:902-914. [PMID: 35195357 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The use of nicotine stimulants in horses is generally banned in horse racing and equestrian sports-accidental consumption of tobacco products is one of the possible causes of nicotine exposure in horses. The authors recently reported a comprehensive metabolic study of nicotine in equines, differentiating between nicotine exposure and sample contamination by means of a nicotine biomarker trans-3'-hydroxycotinine. To identify potential biomarkers for the differentiation of genuine nicotine administration and consumption of tobacco products, tobacco leaves (equivalent to 250 mg of nicotine) were nasoesophageally administered to three thoroughbred mares. Quantification methods of anatabine in plasma and urine were newly developed and validated and successfully applied to post-administration samples. Previously reported simultaneous quantification methods of eight target analytes including nicotine and its metabolites in plasma and urine were also applied to the samples. The results demonstrate that both trans-3'-hydroxycotinine and anatabine could be used as potential biomarkers in equine urine and plasma to indicate recent exposure to tobacco products in horses. As well, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine had the longest half-life as a detectable metabolite in urine and plasma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a comprehensive study of tobacco product detection in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Gary Ngai-Wa Leung
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamashita
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Nagata
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Kushiro
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Race Horse Hospital, Miho Training Center, JRA, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kota Toju
- Race Horse Hospital, Miho Training Center, JRA, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kanichi Kusano
- Race Horse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, JRA, Ritto, Shiga, Japan
| | - Isao Kijima-Suda
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi, Japan
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Kurano M, Ohmiya H, Kishi Y, Okada J, Nakano Y, Yokoyama R, Qian C, Xia F, He F, Zheng L, Yu Y, Jubishi D, Okamoto K, Moriya K, Kodama T, Yatomi Y. Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titers Improves the Prediction Accuracy of COVID-19 Maximum Severity by Machine Learning in Non-Vaccinated Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:811952. [PMID: 35126396 PMCID: PMC8814445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.811952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested that the titers of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are associated with the COVID-19 severity, however, the types of antibodies associated with the disease maximum severity and the timing at which the associations are best observed, especially within one week after symptom onset, remain controversial. We attempted to elucidate the antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 that are associated with the maximum severity of COVID-19 in the early phase of the disease, and to investigate whether antibody testing might contribute to prediction of the disease maximum severity in COVID-19 patients. We classified the patients into four groups according to the disease maximum severity (severity group 1 (did not require oxygen supplementation), severity group 2a (required oxygen supplementation at low flow rates), severity group 2b (required oxygen supplementation at relatively high flow rates), and severity group 3 (required mechanical ventilatory support)), and serially measured the titers of IgM, IgG, and IgA against the nucleocapsid protein, spike protein, and receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 until day 12 after symptom onset. The titers of all the measured antibody responses were higher in severity group 2b and 3, especially severity group 2b, as early as at one week after symptom onset. Addition of data obtained from antibody testing improved the ability of analysis models constructed using a machine learning technique to distinguish severity group 2b and 3 from severity group 1 and 2a. These models constructed with non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients could not be applied to the cases of breakthrough infections. These results suggest that antibody testing might help physicians identify non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients who are likely to require admission to an intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Makoto Kurano,
| | - Hiroko Ohmiya
- Business Planning Department, Sales & Marketing Division, Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kishi
- Business Planning Department, Sales & Marketing Division, Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Business Planning Department, Sales & Marketing Division, Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chungen Qian
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of Ministry of Education at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuzhen Xia
- Reagent R&D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan He
- Reagent R&D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Reagent R&D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Reagent R&D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Daisuke Jubishi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh Okamoto
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Ishii H, Leung GNW, Yamashita S, Nagata SI, Kushiro A, Sakai S, Toju K, Okada J, Kawasaki K, Kusano K, Kijima-Suda I. Comprehensive metabolic study of nicotine in equine plasma and urine using liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry for the identification of unique biomarkers for doping control. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1190:123100. [PMID: 35032890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is classified as a stimulant, and its use is banned in horse racing and equestrian sports by the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities and the Fédération Équestre Internationale, respectively. Because nicotine is a major alkaloid of tobacco leaves, there is a potential risk that doping control samples may be contaminated by tobacco cigarettes or smoke during sample collection. In order to differentiate the genuine doping and sample contamination with tobacco leaves, it is necessary to monitor unique metabolites as biomarkers for nicotine administration and intake. However, little is known about the metabolic fate of nicotine in horses. This is the first report of comprehensive metabolism study of nicotine in horses. Using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry, we identified a total of 17 metabolites, including one novel horse-specific metabolite (i.e., 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-N-methylbutanamide), in post-administration urine samples after nasoesophageal administration of nicotine to three thoroughbred mares; eight of these compounds were confirmed based on reference standards. Among these metabolites, N-hydroxymethylnorcotinine was the major urinary metabolite in equine, but it could only be tentatively identified by mass spectral interpretation due to the lack of reference material. In addition, we developed simultaneous quantification methods for the eight target analytes in plasma and urine, and applied them to post-administration samples to establish elimination profiles of nicotine and its metabolites. The quantification results revealed that trans-3'-hydroxycotinine could be quantified for the longest period in both plasma (72 h post-administration) and urine (96 h post-administration). Therefore, this metabolite is the most appropriate monitoring target for nicotine exposure for the purpose of doping control due to its long detection times and the availability of its reference material. Further, we identified trans-3'-hydroxycotinine as a unique biomarker allowing differentiation between nicotine administration and sample contamination with tobacco leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Gary Ngai-Wa Leung
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamashita
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Nagata
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Asuka Kushiro
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Race Horse Hospital, Miho Training Center, JRA, 2500-2, Oaza-Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Kota Toju
- Race Horse Hospital, Miho Training Center, JRA, 2500-2, Oaza-Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kawasaki
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan
| | - Kanichi Kusano
- Race Horse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, JRA, 1028, Misono, Ritto, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Isao Kijima-Suda
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
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Yokoyama R, Kurano M, Nakano Y, Morita Y, Ohmiya H, Kishi Y, Okada J, Qian C, Xia F, He F, Zheng L, Yu Y, Mizoguchi M, Higurashi Y, Harada S, Jubishi D, Okamoto K, Moriya K, Kodama T, Yatomi Y. Association of the Serum Levels of the Nucleocapsid Antigen of SARS-CoV-2 With the Diagnosis, Disease Severity, and Antibody Titers in Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:791489. [PMID: 34956158 PMCID: PMC8696188 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.791489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several types of laboratory tests for COVID-19 have been established to date; however, the clinical significance of the serum SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antigen levels remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we attempted to elucidate the usefulness and clinical significance of the serum N antigen levels. Methods: We measured the serum N antigen levels in 391 serum samples collected from symptomatic patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and 96 serum samples collected from patients with non-COVID-19, using a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Results: Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified the optimal cutoff value of the serum N antigen level (cutoff index, based on Youden’s index) as 0.255, which yielded a sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of COVID-19 of 91.0 and 81.3%, respectively. The serum N antigen levels were significantly higher in the patient groups with moderate and severe COVID-19 than with mild disease. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between the serum N antigen levels and the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers, especially in patients with severe COVID-19. Conclusion: Serum N antigen testing might be useful both for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and for obtaining a better understanding of the clinical features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Morita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ohmiya
- Sales and Marketing Division, Business Planning Department, Medical and Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kishi
- Sales and Marketing Division, Business Planning Department, Medical and Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Sales and Marketing Division, Business Planning Department, Medical and Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chungen Qian
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuzhen Xia
- Reagent R and D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China
| | - Fan He
- Reagent R and D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Reagent R and D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Reagent R and D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China
| | - Miyuki Mizoguchi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Higurashi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohei Harada
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Jubishi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh Okamoto
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Hozumi H, Kataoka K, Kondoh Y, Isayama T, Okada J, Sugiura K, Mori K, Kono M, Suzuki Y, Karayama M, Furuhashi K, Enomoto N, Fujisawa T, Inui N, Nakamura Y, Suda T. Clinical Significance of Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Chest 2021; 160:2149-2157. [PMID: 34252438 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with a poor prognosis with variable clinical course. Early identification of patients at high risk for disease progression and death would lead to early therapeutic intervention and thereby improvement of outcomes. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) is produced in response to cellular stresses, which is implicated in multiple biological processes, including cell survival and proliferation. RESEARCH QUESTION Is CIRBP a useful biomarker for predicting the outcomes of patients with IPF? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study included 95 and 93 patients with IPF from two independent hospitals (derivation and validation cohorts, respectively). The associations of serum CIRBP level on IPF diagnosis with disease progression within 1 year after diagnosis (ie, ≥10% relative decline in percent predicted FVC or death) and all-cause mortality were retrospectively analyzed. Discrimination performances for predicting these outcomes were evaluated using the c-index. RESULTS Serum and lung tissue CIRBP levels were higher in patients with IPF than in control subjects. In the derivation cohort, the CIRBPhigh subgroup had significantly higher 1-year disease progression rates and lower cumulative survival rates than the CIRBPlow subgroup, and the results were replicated in the validation cohort. In multivariate analyses, high serum CIRBP level was independently associated with higher 1-year disease progression and all-cause mortality rates in both cohorts. Combining the Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) and serum CIRBP models improved the c-indexes for predicting 1-year disease progression and all-cause mortality compared with that of each model alone. The c-indexes of serum CIRBP were particularly high in patients with GAP stage I. INTERPRETATION This study successfully validated that serum CIRBP level was an independent predictor of 1-year disease progression and all-cause mortality in IPF. CIRBP is a promising biomarker that can help identify high-risk patients with IPF, especially in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironao Hozumi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| | - Kensuke Kataoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Takuya Isayama
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Kazutaka Mori
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Kono
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Karayama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuki Furuhashi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Ishii H, Shibuya M, Leung GNW, Nozawa S, Yamashita S, Yamada M, Kushiro A, Kasashima Y, Okada J, Kawasaki K, Kijima-Suda I. Detection and longitudinal distribution of GW1516 and its metabolites in equine hair for doping control using liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2021; 35:e9050. [PMID: 33470485 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE GW1516 is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPAR-δ) agonist that is banned in horseracing and equestrian sports. Long-term detection and longitudinal distribution of GW1516 in the mane of a horse are reported for the first time and this hair analysis could prolong the detection window of GW1516 for doping control. METHODS Mane hairs were divided into three segments (0-7, 7-15, and >15 cm from the cut end) and completely pulverized and homogenized for analysis. The pulverized hair samples were extracted with methanol followed by further purification and the extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-HRMS) using a Q-Exactive instrument. This method was successfully validated and applied to post-administration samples to confirm the presence of GW1516 and its metabolites and estimate the uptake amounts of GW1516. RESULTS After administration of 150 mg of GW1516 to a thoroughbred mare, GW1516 was detected in one of two segments of all mane hairs, and four metabolites, namely GW1516 sulfoxide, GW1516 sulfone, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazole (HMTT), and 4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (MTTC), were also identified. The longitudinal distribution analysis results showed that the maximum uptake of GW1516 into hair (approximately 0.05 pg/mg) was observed at around 13 weeks post-administration and GW1516 could be detected and confirmed up to 6 months post-administration. CONCLUSIONS The parent drug GW1516 was identified as the most appropriate monitoring target in equine hair for controlling its misuse in horses. The use of hair analysis could extend the detection time of GW1516 to at least 6 months after the administration of 150 mg of GW1516 to a thoroughbred mare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mariko Shibuya
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Gary Ngai-Wa Leung
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nozawa
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamashita
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamada
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Asuka Kushiro
- Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, Equine Research Institute, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kasashima
- Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, Equine Research Institute, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kawasaki
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Isao Kijima-Suda
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
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9
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Ishii H, Shibuya M, Leung GNW, Yamashita S, Yamada M, Kushiro A, Kasashima Y, Okada J, Kawasaki K, Kijima-Suda I. Metabolic study of GW1516 in equine urine using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization Q-Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometry for doping control. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2021; 35:e9028. [PMID: 33319421 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The use of GW1516, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPAR δ) agonist, is strictly prohibited in both horseracing and equestrian competitions. However, little is known about its metabolic fate in horses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported metabolic study of GW1516 in equine urine. METHODS Urine samples obtained from a thoroughbred after nasoesophageal administration with GW1516 were protein-precipitated and the supernatants were subsequently analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-HRMS) with a Q-Exactive mass spectrometer. Monoisotopic ions of GW1516 and its metabolites were monitored from the full-scan mass spectral data of pre- and post-administration samples. A quantification method was developed and validated to establish the excretion profiles of GW1516, its sulfoxide, and its sulfone in equine urine. RESULTS GW1516 and its nine metabolites [including GW1516 sulfoxide, GW1516 sulfone, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazole (HMTT), methyl 4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate (MMTC), 4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (MTTC), and M1 to M4] were detected in post-administration urine samples. GW1516 sulfoxide and GW1516 sulfone showed the longest detection times in post-administration urine samples and were therefore recommended as potential screening targets for doping control purposes. Quantitative analysis was also conducted to establish the excretion profiles of GW1516 sulfoxide and GW1516 sulfone in urine. CONCLUSIONS For the purposes of doping control of GW1516, the GW1516 sulfoxide and GW1516 sulfone metabolites are recommended as the target analytes to be monitored in equine urine due to their high specificities, long detection times (1 and 4 weeks, respectively), and the ready availability of their reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mariko Shibuya
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Gary Ngai-Wa Leung
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamashita
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamada
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Asuka Kushiro
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kasashima
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kawasaki
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Isao Kijima-Suda
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
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10
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Nakano Y, Kurano M, Morita Y, Shimura T, Yokoyama R, Qian C, Xia F, He F, Kishi Y, Okada J, Yoshikawa N, Nagura Y, Okazaki H, Moriya K, Seto Y, Kodama T, Yatomi Y. Time course of the sensitivity and specificity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies for symptomatic COVID-19 in Japan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2776. [PMID: 33531605 PMCID: PMC7854735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The accurate and prompt diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is required for the control and treatment of the coronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we aimed to investigate the time courses of the anti-severe acute corona respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgM and IgG titers and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of such tests according to the specific day after the onset of COVID-19 among a patient population in Japan. We measured the titers of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in sera from 105 subjects, including 26 symptomatic COVID-19 patients, using chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) methods utilizing magnetic beads coated with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and spike protein. The results of a ROC analysis suggested the possibility that the cutoff values in Japan might be lower than the manufacturer’s reported cutoff (10 AU/mL): 1 AU/mL for IgM and 5 AU/mL for IgG. The sensitivity of the test before Day 8 after symptom onset was less than 50%; at Days 9–10, however, we obtained a much higher sensitivity of 81.8% for both IgM and IgG. At 15 days or later after symptom onset, the SARS-CoV-2 IgG test had a sensitivity of 100%. These results suggest that if the number of days since disease onset is taken into consideration, these antibody tests could be very useful for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Morita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Shimura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chungen Qian
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE At Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhen Xia
- Reagent R&D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan He
- Reagent R&D Center, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yoshiro Kishi
- Business Planning Department, Sales and Marketing Division, Medical and Biological Laboratories Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Business Planning Department, Sales and Marketing Division, Medical and Biological Laboratories Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nagura
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okazaki
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Seto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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11
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Hongo S, Okada J, Hashimoto K, Tsuji K, Nikaido M, Gemma N. Development of an Automated DNA Detection System Using an Electrochemical DNA Chip Technology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.9746/jcmsi.1.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadato Hongo
- Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corp
| | - Jun Okada
- Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corp
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12
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Ishii H, Leung GNW, Yamashita S, Yamada M, Kushiro A, Kasashima Y, Okada J, Kawasaki K, Kijima-Suda I. Doping control analysis of GW1516 in equine plasma using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization Q-Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2020; 34:e8920. [PMID: 32776613 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE GW1516 is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ agonist in the class of hormones and metabolic modulators. The use of GW1516 is banned in both horseracing and equestrian competitions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first metabolic study of GW1516 in horses. METHODS After protein precipitation of pre- and post-administration plasma GW1516 samples, the supernatants were analyzed using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization Q-Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometry to detect GW1516 and its metabolites. Monoisotopic ions of GW1516 and its metabolites were monitored from the full-scan mass spectral data of pre- and post-administration samples. Quantification methods were developed and validated to establish the elimination profiles of GW1516, its sulfoxide, and its sulfone in equine plasma. RESULTS GW1516 and its four metabolites GW1516 sulfoxide, GW1516 sulfone, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazole (HMTT), and M1 were detected in post-administration plasma samples. GW1516 sulfoxide, GW1516 sulfone, and HMTT were identified by comparison with their respective reference standards whereas M1 was tentatively identified as 4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid by mass spectral interpretation. GW1516 had the longest detection time in post-administration plasma. The elimination profiles of GW1516, its sulfoxide, and its sulfone in plasma were established. CONCLUSIONS For the purpose of doping control, GW1516 is recommended as the target analyte to be monitored in equine plasma due to its long detection time (around 1 week) and the ready availability of its reference material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Gary Ngai-Wa Leung
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamashita
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamada
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
| | - Asuka Kushiro
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kasashima
- Equine Research Institute, Research Planning & Coordination Division, JRA, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kawasaki
- Veterinarian Section, Equine Department, JRA, 6-11-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Isao Kijima-Suda
- Drug Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsuruta-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan
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13
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Mizobe F, Mori M, Nagata SI, Yamashita S, Okada J, Kusano K. Presence of Antimicrobials in Postrace Samples in Japanese Thoroughbred Racing. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 91:103115. [PMID: 32684260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ever since 'One Health' concept was introduced in early 2000s, judicious use of antimicrobials by veterinarians has become an issue of great concern. Recently, findings of anti-inflammatory effects in certain types of antimicrobials have raised a subject for discussion among racing authorities. Regulatory framework of antimicrobials in racing should be based on best interest of horse welfare and doping control perspective, but basic data on prevalence of antimicrobials are lacking. Analysis of 100 postrace urinary samples collected from 10 Japanese racecourses by targeting 21 antimicrobials using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry resulted in detection of ceftiofur, cefalotin, cefalotin metabolite, dihydrostreptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and oxytetracycline. Detection of antimicrobials critically important for resistance in human medicine was limited to a single sample. Oxytetracycline, which is known to possess anti-inflammatory effects, was detected in three samples. This may suggest the need for establishing a regulatory framework from doping control perspective and further studies to clarify pharmacologically relevant concentration of antimicrobials with such properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Mizobe
- Racehorse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Miwako Mori
- Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | | | - Jun Okada
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kanichi Kusano
- Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Akiyama N, Hozumi H, Isayama T, Okada J, Sugiura K, Yasui H, Suzuki Y, Kono M, Karayama M, Furuhashi K, Enomoto N, Fujisawa T, Inui N, Nakamura Y, Suda T. Clinical significance of serum S100 calcium-binding protein A4 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology 2019; 25:743-749. [PMID: 31597225 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. There are no established serum biomarkers for predicting the outcomes of IPF. S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) is considered as a marker of fibroblasts; however, its clinical application remains to be investigated. We evaluated the clinical relevance of S100A4 in IPF patients. METHODS Serum S100A4 levels in 95 consecutive IPF patients and 50 healthy controls (HC) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. S100A4 expression in lung tissues was determined using immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence and its association with disease progression (defined as deterioration in lung function or death) and mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox hazards analysis. RESULTS Serum S100A4 levels were undetectable in all HC but were detectable in 26 (27.3%) of the 95 IPF patients (P < 0.01). Immunostaining of lung tissues from IPF patients showed aggregation of numerous S100A4-expressing cells around the fibroblastic foci and mature fibrotic regions. IPF patients with higher serum S100A4 levels had a significantly worse prognosis than those with low serum levels (2-year cumulative survival rate: 41.7% vs 77.0%, respectively, P < 0.01). On multivariate analyses, baseline serum S100A4 levels (per 10 ng/mL increase) were independently associated with higher disease progression rate (odds ratio: 1.06, P = 0.01) and higher mortality (hazard ratio: 1.18, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION S100A4 is a promising serum biomarker that may help predict disease progression/mortality. Our findings may help establish treatment strategies for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimichi Akiyama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hironao Hozumi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Isayama
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Yasui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Kono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Karayama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuki Furuhashi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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15
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Kamiya Y, Chou T, Murakami H, Handa H, Ozaki S, Shimazaki C, Fuchida SI, Okada J, Itoh J, Sugiyama S, Shimizu K. Patients assigned to VGPR, PR, and SD in the IMWG response category are composed of heterogeneous population when assessed by the heavy/light chain assay. Hematol Oncol 2019; 37:316-318. [PMID: 30938836 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Kamiya
- Hematology/Oncology, Higashi Nagoya National Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaaki Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Murakami
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shuji Ozaki
- Department of Hematology, Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Shimazaki
- Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fuchida
- Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Marketing and Technical Support Department, Medical and Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junji Itoh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nagoya City Midori General Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Kazuyuki Shimizu
- Hematology/Oncology, Higashi Nagoya National Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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16
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Shimizu K, Kamiya Y, Itoh J, Okada J, Lim M, Sugiyama S. The clinical utility of serum free light chain and heavy/light chain assays in monitoring disease activity in patients with IgG myeloma after achieving a deep response. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:96-102. [PMID: 29375846 PMCID: PMC5771931 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy/light chain (HLC) assay will enable us to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of iHLC and uHLC separately and to better identify whether the change observed is clonal or reactive. It would therefore aid in decision making for earlier implementation or discontinuation of treatment for patients with intact immunoglobulin multiple myeloma (MM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junji Itoh
- Nagoya City Midori General Hospital; Nagoya Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Medical Biological Laboratories; Nagoya Japan
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17
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Okada J, Hossain MA, Wu C, Miyajima T, Yanagisawa H, Akiyama K, Eto Y. Ten-year-long enzyme replacement therapy shows a poor effect in alleviating giant leg ulcers in a male with Fabry disease. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 14:68-72. [PMID: 29326878 PMCID: PMC5758919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of α-galactosidase A (α-gal A), leading to the progressive accumulation of glycosphingolipids. Classical hemizygous males usually present symptoms, including pain and paresthesia in the extremities, angiokeratoma, hypo- or anhidrosis, abdominal pain, cornea verticillata, early stroke, tinnitus, and/or hearing loss, during early childhood or adolescence. Moreover, proteinuria, renal impairment, and cardiac hypertrophy can appear with age. Enzyme replacement is the most common therapy for Fabry disease at present which has been approved in Japan since 2004. We report a case involving a 27-year-old male with extreme terminal pain, anhidrosis, abdominal pain, tinnitus, hearing impairment, cornea verticillata, and recurrent huge ulcers in the lower extremities. At the age of 16 years, he was diagnosed with Fabry disease with a positive family history and very low α-gal A activity. He then received enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human agalsidase beta at 1 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 10 years. Throughout the course of ERT, his leg ulcers recurred, and massive excretion of urinary globotriaosylceramide and plasma globotriaosylsphingosine was observed. Electron microscopy of the venous tissue in the regions of the ulcer showed massive typical zebra bodies in the vascular wall smooth muscle cells. A classical hemizygous male with Fabry disease presented with massive intractable leg ulcer. 10 years' enzyme replacement therapy showed huge excretion of urinary Gb3 and plasma lyso-Gb3. Excessive zebra bodies in vascular wall smooth muscle cells caused venous reflux and varices on saphenous veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Asakadai Central General Hospital, Asaka City, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arif Hossain
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neurological Disorders, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Gene Therapy, Institute for DNA Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chen Wu
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neurological Disorders, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyajima
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neurological Disorders, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yanagisawa
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neurological Disorders, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Akiyama
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neurological Disorders, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Eto
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neurological Disorders, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Gene Therapy, Institute for DNA Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Mizobe F, Wakuno A, Okada J, Otsuka T, Ishikawa Y, Kurimoto S. Clinical usefulness of intravenous constant rate infusion of fentanyl and medetomidine under sevoflurane anesthesia in Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing internal fixation surgery. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:143-147. [PMID: 29270071 PMCID: PMC5735311 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 20 racehorses with longitudinal fractures underwent internal fixation surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia combined with infusion of medetomidine (3 µg/kg/hr) alone (10 horses, group M) or medetomidine and
fentanyl (7 µg/kg/hr) (10 horses, group FM). In group FM, the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration during surgery was maintained significantly lower than in group M (2.8–2.9% for group M vs. 2.2–2.6% for group FM,
P<0.01). The mean arterial blood pressure was maintained over 70 mmHg using dobutamine infusion (group M, 0.36–0.54 µg/kg/min; group FM, 0.27–0.65 µg/kg/min), and the recovery qualities were clinically acceptable in
both groups. In conclusion, co-administration of fentanyl and medetomidine by constant rate infusion may be a clinically useful intraoperative anesthetic adjunct for horses to reduce the requirement of sevoflurane when
they undergo orthopedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Mizobe
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Ai Wakuno
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Tasuku Otsuka
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Yuhiro Ishikawa
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Kurimoto
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
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Tokushige H, Kakizaki M, Ode H, Okano A, Okada J, Kuroda T, Wakuno A, Ohta M. Validation of the bispectral index as an indicator of anesthetic depth in Thoroughbred horses anesthetized with sevoflurane. J Equine Sci 2016; 27:169-173. [PMID: 27974877 PMCID: PMC5155136 DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the bispectral index (BIS) as an indicator of anesthetic depth in Thoroughbred horses, BIS values were measured at multiple stages of sevoflurane anesthesia in five horses anesthetized with guaifenesin and thiopental following premedication with xylazine. There was no significant difference between the BIS values recorded at end-tidal sevoflurane concentrations of 2.8% (median 60 ranging from 47 to 68) and 3.5% (median 71 ranging from 49 to 82) in anesthetized horses. These BIS values during anesthesia were significantly lower (P<0.01) than those in awake horses (median 98 ranging from 98 to 98) or sedated horses (median 92 ranging from 80 to 93). During the recovery phase, the BIS values gradually increased over time but did not significantly increase until the horses showed movement. In conclusion, the BIS value could be useful as an indicator of awakening during the recovery period in horses, as previous reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Tokushige
- Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Masashi Kakizaki
- Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ode
- Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okano
- Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Racehorse Clinic, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kuroda
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Ai Wakuno
- Racehorse Clinic, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Minoru Ohta
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
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Sogame Y, Okada J, Kikuta S, Miyata Y, Cornette R, Gusev O, Kikawada T. Establishment of gene transfer and gene silencing methods in a desiccation-tolerant cell line, Pv11. Extremophiles 2016; 21:65-72. [PMID: 27757696 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-016-0880-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Larvae of the African midge Polypedilum vanderplanki show extreme desiccation tolerance, known as anhydrobiosis. Recently, the cultured cell line Pv11 was derived from this species; Pv11 cells can be preserved in the dry state for over 6 months and retain their proliferation potential. Here, we attempted to expand the use of Pv11 cells as a model to investigate the mechanisms underlying anhydrobiosis in P. vanderplanki. A newly developed vector comprising a constitutive promoter for the PvGapdh gene allowed the expression of exogenous proteins in Pv11 cells. Using this vector, a stable Pv11 cell line expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) was established and retained desiccation tolerance. Gene silencing with GFP-specific siRNAs significantly suppressed GFP expression to approximately 7.5-34.6% of that in the non-siRNA-transfected GFP stable line. Establishment of these functional assays will enable Pv11 cells to be utilized as an effective tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying anhydrobiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Sogame
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shingo Kikuta
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Miyata
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Richard Cornette
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Medicine, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Division of Genomic Technologies, Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kikawada
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan.
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
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Shima K, Okada J, Sano S, Takano K. Folding and Unfolding Kinetics of Unpurified Proteins by Pulse Proteolysis. Protein Pept Lett 2016; 23:976-987. [PMID: 27653628 DOI: 10.2174/0929866523666160921125257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that pulse proteolysis may be used to investigate protein unfolding kinetics in cell lysate. However, the method has not become popular and we could not judge whether or not it is effective for protein folding study. In this work, we examined the folding and unfolding kinetics of a protein and its variants without purification by pulse proteolysis. The unfolding and refolding rates of the unpurified proteins were similar to those of the purified proteins determined by pulse proteolysis and circular dichroism. Furthermore, because we used a super-stable subtilisin as a protease, we could evaluate the kinetics at 50°C. The present work demonstrates the validity of pulse proteolysis for folding and unfolding studies of unpurified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kazufumi Takano
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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Mizobe F, Okada J, Shinzaki Y, Nomura M, Kato T, Yamada K, Spriet M. Use of standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging to assess oblique distal sesamoidean ligament desmitis in three Thoroughbred racehorses. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1475-1480. [PMID: 27320360 PMCID: PMC5059375 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmitis of the oblique distal sesamoidean ligaments (ODSL) is caused by hyperextension
of the metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal joint and has been described as a
significant cause of lameness in racehorses. In this study, three Thoroughbred racehorses
(age range: 3–6 years) were diagnosed with desmitis of the forelimb ODSL using standing
low-field magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). Radiography and ultrasonography were
inconclusive with regard to a definitive diagnosis. For all horses, the sMRI
characteristics included increased signal intensity within the medial ODSL on T1-weighted
gradient echo, T2-weighted fast spin echo and short tau inversion recovery fast spin echo
images, which use a fat suppression technique. Effusion of the digital flexor tendon
sheath was also clearly visible on sMRI. Following rest and controlled exercise for
roughly 3 months, two horses successfully returned to racing within 5 months. Our findings
support the use of sMRI for diagnosing ODSL injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Mizobe
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 1028, Misono, Ritto, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
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Okada J, Nagase T, Kobayashi T, Naito H. Temperature Dependence of Field-Effect Mobility in Organic Thin-Film Transistors: Similarity to Inorganic Transistors. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:3219-3222. [PMID: 27451607 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carrier transport in solution-processed organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) based on dioctylbenzothienobenzothiophene (C8-BTBT) has been investigated in a wide temperature range from 296 to 10 K. The field-effect mobility shows thermally activated behavior whose activation energy becomes smaller with decreasing temperature. The temperature dependence of field-effect mobility found in C8-BTBT is similar to that of others materials: organic semiconducting polymers, amorphous oxide semiconductors and hydrogenated amorphous silicon. These results indicate that hopping transport between isoenergetic localized states becomes dominated in a low temperature regime in these materials.
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Hatanaka R, Gusev O, Cornette R, Shimura S, Kikuta S, Okada J, Okuda T, Kikawada T. Diversity of the expression profiles of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein encoding genes in the anhydrobiotic midge Polypedilum vanderplanki. Planta 2015; 242:451-9. [PMID: 25822798 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In the anhydrobiotic midge Polypedilum vanderplanki , LEA family proteins are likely to play distinct temporal and spatial roles in the larvae throughout the process of desiccation and rehydration. The larvae of the anhydrobiotic midge, P. vanderplanki, which can tolerate almost complete desiccation, accumulate late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins in response to drying. Using complete genome data of the midge, we have identified 27 PvLea1-like genes based on the similarity to previously characterized PvLea1 gene belonging to group 3 LEA proteins. Generally, group 3 LEA proteins are characterized by several repetitions of an 11-mer motif. However, some PvLea genes lack the canonical motif in their sequences. We performed the detailed characterization of all 27 PvLea genes in terms of biochemical and biophysical properties and conserved motifs. The motif analysis among their amino acid sequences revealed that all 27 PvLEA proteins have at least one of two types of motifs (motif 1: G AKDTTKEKLGE AKDATAEKLG or motif 2: KD ILExAKDKLxD AKDAVKEKL), indicating the presence of at least two repeated 11-mer LEA motifs. Most of PvLEA proteins were localized to the cytosol. We also performed quantitative real-time PCR of all 27 PvLea genes in detail during the process of desiccation and rehydration. The expression of these genes was upregulated at the beginning of dehydration, the latter phase of the desiccation process and on rehydration process. These data suggested that each LEA protein is likely to play distinct temporal and spatial roles in the larvae throughout the process of desiccation and rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Hatanaka
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan
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Yasuda C, Yasuda S, Yamashita H, Okada J, Hisada T, Sugiura S. The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) current inhibition selectively prolongs action potential of midmyocardial cells to augment transmural dispersion. J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 66:599-607. [PMID: 26348084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The majority of drug induced arrhythmias are related to the prolongation of action potential duration following inhibition of rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium current (I(Kr)) mediated by the hERG channel. However, for arrhythmias to develop and be sustained, not only the prolongation of action potential duration but also its transmural dispersion are required. Herein, we evaluated the effect of hERG inhibition on transmural dispersion of action potential duration using the action potential clamp technique that combined an in silico myocyte model with the actual I(Kr) measurement. Whole cell I(Kr) current was measured in Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing the hERG channel. The measured current was coupled with models of ventricular endocardial, M-, and epicardial cells to calculate the action potentials. Action potentials were evaluated under control condition and in the presence of 1, 10, or 100 μM disopyramide, an hERG inhibitor. Disopyramide dose-dependently increased the action potential durations of the three cell types. However, action potential duration of M-cells increased disproportionately at higher doses, and was significantly different from that of epicardial and endocardial cells (dispersion of repolarization). By contrast, the effects of disopyramide on peak I(Kr) and instantaneous current-voltage relation were similar in all cell types. Simulation study suggested that the reduced repolarization reserve of M-cell with smaller amount of slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium current levels off at longer action potential duration to make such differences. The action potential clamp technique is useful for studying the mechanism of arrhythmogenesis by hERG inhibition through the transmural dispersion of repolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yasuda
- Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Okada
- Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Hisada
- Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Sugiura
- Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.
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Yokoyama N, Yasuda R, Ichida K, Murakoshi H, Okada J, Yoshida S, Motoyama S. Recurrent peritoneal inclusion cysts successfully treated with oral contraceptives: a report of two cases. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2014. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog16202014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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27
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Hara M, Kinoshita M, Saito E, Hashimoto H, Miyasaka N, Yoshida T, Ichikawa Y, Koike T, Ichikawa Y, Okada J, Kashiwazaki S. Prospective study of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of steroid-resistant polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Mod Rheumatol 2014; 13:319-25. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-003-0250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Nakayamada S, Saito K, Umehara H, Ogawa N, Sumida T, Ito S, Minota S, Nara H, Kondo H, Okada J, Mimori T, Yoshifuji H, Sano H, Hashimoto N, Sugai S, Tanaka Y. Efficacy and safety of mizoribine for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome: a multicenter open-label clinical trial. Mod Rheumatol 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-007-0627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Watabe H, Akahoshi T, Okada J, Kokubu S, Kurihara Y, Kondo H. Coexistence of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver and pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with connective tissue diseases: report of three cases and review of the literature. Mod Rheumatol 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-006-0514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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Yokoyama N, Yasuda R, Ichida K, Murakoshi H, Okada J, Yoshida S, Motoyama S. Recurrent peritoneal inclusion cysts successfully treated with oral contraceptives: a report of two cases. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2014; 41:83-86. [PMID: 24707692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether conservative treatment with oral contraceptives is effective in the shrinkage of a peritoneal inclusion cyst (PIC). This is a case report of two patients with a PIC that developed after gynecological surgery. CASES Both cases were suspected of a PIC based on the medical history, laboratory data, and image findings. It was difficult in differentiate a PIC from an ovarian tumor. Surgery was chosen at first. However, PICs in both cases recurred after surgery and were treated with oral contraceptives as a conservative treatment. PICs shrank after the treatment of oral contraceptives in both cases. CONCLUSION Due to the high rate of recurrence following surgery, conservative treatment is recommended to treat PICs. Hormone therapy using oral contraceptives seems to have some therapeutic benefit for the PICs.
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Hirata A, Hori Y, Koga Y, Okada J, Sakudo A, Ikuta K, Kanaya S, Takano K. Enzymatic activity of a subtilisin homolog, Tk-SP, from Thermococcus kodakarensis in detergents and its ability to degrade the abnormal prion protein. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:19. [PMID: 23448268 PMCID: PMC3599501 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tk-SP is a member of subtilisin-like serine proteases from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis. It has been known that the hyper-stable protease, Tk-SP, could exhibit enzymatic activity even at high temperature and in the presence of chemical denaturants. In this work, the enzymatic activity of Tk-SP was measured in the presence of detergents and EDTA. In addition, we focused to demonstrate that Tk-SP could degrade the abnormal prion protein (PrPSc), a protease-resistant isoform of normal prion protein (PrPC). Results Tk-SP was observed to maintain its proteolytic activity with nonionic surfactants and EDTA at 80°C. We optimized the condition in which Tk-SP functions efficiently, and demonstrated that the enzyme is highly stable in the presence of 0.05% (w/v) nonionic surfactants and 0.01% (w/v) EDTA, retaining up to 80% of its activity. Additionally, we also found that Tk-SP can degrade PrPSc to a level undetectable by western-blot analysis. Conclusions Our results indicate that Tk-SP has a great potential for technological applications, such as thermo-stable detergent additives. In addition, it is also suggested that Tk-SP-containing detergents can be developed to decrease the secondary infection risks of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Azumi Hirata
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
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Takano K, Okada J. Protein Unfolding Pathway Examined by Pulse Proteolysis using a Super-Stable Protease. Biophys J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Okada J, Koga Y, Takano K, Kanaya S. Slow unfolding pathway of hyperthermophilic Tk-RNase H2 examined by pulse proteolysis using the stable protease Tk-subtilisin. Biochemistry 2012; 51:9178-91. [PMID: 23106363 DOI: 10.1021/bi300973n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The unfolding speed of some hyperthermophilic proteins is significantly slower than those of their mesostable homologues. Ribonuclease H2 from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis (Tk-RNase H2) is stabilized by its remarkably slow unfolding rate. In this work, we examined the slow unfolding pathway of Tk-RNase H2 by pulse proteolysis using a superstable subtilisin-like serine protease from T. kodakarensis (Tk-subtilisin). Tk-subtilisin has enzymatic activity in highly concentrated guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl), in which Tk-RNase H2 unfolds slowly. The native state of Tk-RNase H2 was completely resistant to Tk-subtilisin, whereas the unfolded state (induced by 4 M GdnHCl) was degraded by Tk-subtilisin. Degradation products of Tk-RNase H2 created from pulse proteolysis during its unfolding were detected by tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We identified the cleavage sites in Tk-RNase H2 by N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry and constructed mimics of the unfolding intermediate of Tk-RNase H2 by protein engineering. The mimics were biophysically characterized. We found that the native state of Tk-RNase H2 (N-state) changed to the I(A)-state that was digested by Tk-subtilisin in the early stage of unfolding. In the slow unfolding pathway, the I(A)-state shifted to two intermediate forms, I(B)-state and I(C)-state. The I(B)-state was digested by Tk-subtilisin in the C-terminal region, but the I(C)-state was a Tk-subtilisin resistant form. These states gradually unfolded through the I(D)-state, in which the N-terminal region was digested. The results indicate that pulse proteolysis, by a superstable protease, was a suitable strategy and an effective tool for analyzing intermediate structures of proteins with slow unfolding properties. We also showed that the N-terminal region contributes to the slow unfolding of Tk-RNase H2, and the C-terminal region is important for folding and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Department of Material and Life Science, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Ishikawa A, Okada J, Nishi K, Hirohata S. Efficacy of serum angiopoietin-1 measurement in the diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2011; 29:604-608. [PMID: 21906428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies showed that angiopoietin-1(Ang-1) expression was increased in the synovium in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The present study was therefore designed to examine whether determination of serum Ang-1 might be effective in diagnosis of early RA. METHODS One hundred and five serum samples of RA (21 males, 84 females) were studied for serum Ang-1 level. Serum samples were also collected from other collagen diseases, including 35 cases of SLE, 29 cases of systemic sclerosis, 16 cases of polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Serum samples were additionally obtained from 34 patients who visited our clinic for evaluation of symmetrical polyarthritis with morning stiffness. After one year of follow-up, those patients who satisfied the ACR 1987 classification criteria for RA were defined as 'early RA'. Serum Ang-1 levels were measured by sandwich ELISA using anti-angiopoietin-1 antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies). Serum anti-CCP antibody and rheumatoid factor (RF) were measured by ELISA and by laser nepherometry, respectively. RESULTS Serum Ang-1 in RA patients was significantly higher than those in other collagen diseases. Serum Ang-1 levels in 50 normal healthy individuals were 5.8 ± 0.31 pg/ml (mean ± SEM). There was no significant difference in CRP and serum RF at the first visit between early RA patients and non-RA patients, whereas serum Ang-1 levels at the first visit were significantly higher in early RA (58.7 ± 17.9 pg/ml [mean ± SEM]) than those in non-RA (8.2 ± 4.5 pg/ml). ROC analysis revealed that serum Ang-1 (cut-off 23.91 pg/ml) could diagnose early RA at sensitivity 57.1% and specificity 84.6%, providing comparable area under the curve (0.71, 95% CI: 0.54-0.88) to that of serum anti-CCP antibody (0.72, 95% CI: 0.53-0.92). There was no significant correlation between anti-CCP antibody and Ang-1. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that serum Ang-1 is as useful a marker for the diagnosis of early RA as serum anti-CCP antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ishikawa
- Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Fujita T, Okada J, Okochi S, Higuchi K, Maenaka K. Autonomous Environmental Sensing System for Human Activity Monitoring. J Adv Comput Intell Intell Inform 2011. [DOI: 10.20965/jaciii.2011.p0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Continuous observation of human activities and circumstances are quite important for healthcare applications that collect a lot of data from the various MEMS (Micro Electromechanical Systems) sensors. This study demonstrates the multi-environmental sensing system for human applications that can measure the time-based three-axes acceleration (threeaxes shock), barometric pressure, temperature and relative humidity, simultaneously. The system has battery and large sized memory for autonomous sensing. The measured data are stored in a flash memory via an onboard microcontroller. The detailed configurations of the prototype device and some experimental results are investigated.
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Takano K, Okamoto T, Okada J, Tanaka SI, Angkawidjaja C, Koga Y, Kanaya S. Stabilization by fusion to the C-terminus of hyperthermophile Sulfolobus tokodaii RNase HI: a possibility of protein stabilization tag. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16226. [PMID: 21283826 PMCID: PMC3023800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RNase HI from the hyperthermophile Sulfolobus tokodaii (Sto-RNase HI) is stabilized by its C-terminal residues. In this work, the stabilization effect of the Sto-RNase HI C-terminal residues was investigated in detail by thermodynamic measurements of the stability of variants lacking the disulfide bond (C58/145A), or the six C-terminal residues (ΔC6) and by structural analysis of ΔC6. The results showed that the C-terminal does not affect overall structure and stabilization is caused by local interactions of the C-terminal, suggesting that the C-terminal residues could be used as a “stabilization tag.” The Sto-RNase HI C-terminal residues (-IGCIILT) were introduced as a tag on three proteins. Each chimeric protein was more stable than its wild-type protein. These results suggested the possibility of a simple stabilization technique using a stabilization tag such as Sto-RNase HI C-terminal residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Takano
- Department of Material and Life Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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Okada J, Ohshima N, Kubota-Koketsu R, Iba Y, Ota S, Takase W, Yoshikawa T, Ishikawa T, Asano Y, Okuno Y, Kurosawa Y. Localization of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies that neutralized the H3N2 influenza viruses in man. J Gen Virol 2010; 92:326-35. [PMID: 21068214 PMCID: PMC3081080 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.026419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Through extensive isolation of neutralizing mAbs against H3N2 influenza viruses representing the in vivo repertoire in a human donor, we examined the relationships between antigenic drift of influenza virus and protective antibodies generated in an infected individual. The majority of mAbs isolated from a donor born in 1960 were divided into three major groups with distinct strain specificity: 1968-1973, 1977-1993 and 1997-2003. In the present study, we developed a new method that allowed us to comprehensively determine the location of epitopes recognized by many mAbs. Original haemagglutinins (HAs) of several strains and chimaeric variants, in which one of the seven sites (A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D or E) was replaced by some other strain-derived sequence, were artificially expressed on the cell surface. The binding activity of mAbs to the HAs was examined by flow cytometry. By using this method, we determined the location of epitopes recognized by 98 different mAbs. Clones that neutralize the 1968-1973 strains bind to site B2/D, A or A/B1. While sites C, E and B were recognized by clones that neutralized the 1977-1993 strains, the majority of these clones bind to site C. Clones that neutralize the 1997-2003 strains bind to site B, A/B1, A/B2 or E/C2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Division of Antibody Project, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
- Institute for Antibody Ltd, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Nobuko Ohshima
- 21st Century COE Research Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Kubota-Koketsu
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Iba
- Division of Antibody Project, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ota
- 21st Century COE Research Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Wakana Takase
- 21st Century COE Research Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Yoshikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Toyokazu Ishikawa
- The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Kannonji, Kagawa 768-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshizo Asano
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Okuno
- The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Kannonji, Kagawa 768-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kurosawa
- Division of Antibody Project, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Hayashibara M, Hagino H, Katagiri H, Okano T, Okada J, Teshima R. Incidence and risk factors of falling in ambulatory patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective 1-year study. Osteoporos Int 2010; 21:1825-33. [PMID: 20119662 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-1150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A prospective 1-year study showed that fall incidence was 50% in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Multivariate analysis identified swollen joint count, use of antihypertensives or diuretics, one-leg standing time, and sway area measured by stabilometer as significant parameters associated with falls. INTRODUCTION Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be at increased risk of falling because they frequently experience muscle weakness and stiff or painful joints. The aim of this study was to use a prospective design to determine the incidence of falls and their risk factors in women with RA. METHODS Eighty-four women aged 50 and over who had RA were enrolled. The mean age was 64.1 years. We evaluated postural stability, physical performance related to falls, disease activity, muscle volume, and bone density. The occurrence of falls was assessed every month for 1 year. Among 84 patients, 80 completed a 1-year observation. RESULTS Forty patients (50.0%) reported one or more falls, and two of them (5.0%) had fractures during the follow-up period. The fall group had more swollen joints and took more antihypertensives and/or diuretics. The fall group also had lower postural stability and tended to have reduced physical performance. The one-leg standing time was shorter, and the step-up-and-down test score was lower in the fall group. The sway area was larger in the fall group. DISCUSSION Multiple logistic regression analysis identified that number of swollen joints, use of antihypertensives or diuretics, shorter time standing on one foot, and the sway area were the most significant parameters associated with falls. CONCLUSION We concluded that fall rates in RA patients were higher than in the general population and that balance impairment or side effects of drugs may play a role in increasing the risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashibara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
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Miyauchi Y, Sano H, Okada J, Yamashita H, Mizutani G. Experimental and numerical analysis of sum frequency microscopic images of a H-Si(111) 1 × 1 surface after IR light pulse irradiation. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Okada J, Okamoto T, Mukaiyama A, Tadokoro T, You DJ, Chon H, Koga Y, Takano K, Kanaya S. Evolution and thermodynamics of the slow unfolding of hyperstable monomeric proteins. BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:207. [PMID: 20615256 PMCID: PMC2927913 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unfolding speed of some hyperthermophilic proteins is dramatically lower than that of their mesostable homologs. Ribonuclease HII from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis (Tk-RNase HII) is stabilized by its remarkably slow unfolding rate, whereas RNase HI from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus (Tt-RNase HI) unfolds rapidly, comparable with to that of RNase HI from Escherichia coli (Ec-RNase HI). RESULTS To clarify whether the difference in the unfolding rate is due to differences in the types of RNase H or differences in proteins from archaea and bacteria, we examined the equilibrium stability and unfolding reaction of RNases HII from the hyperthermophilic bacteria Thermotoga maritima (Tm-RNase HII) and Aquifex aeolicus (Aa-RNase HII) and RNase HI from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus tokodaii (Sto-RNase HI). These proteins from hyperthermophiles are more stable than Ec-RNase HI over all the temperature ranges examined. The observed unfolding speeds of all hyperstable proteins at the different denaturant concentrations studied are much lower than those of Ec-RNase HI, which is in accordance with the familiar slow unfolding of hyperstable proteins. However, the unfolding rate constants of these RNases H in water are dispersed, and the unfolding rate constant of thermophilic archaeal proteins is lower than that of thermophilic bacterial proteins. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the nature of slow unfolding of thermophilic proteins is determined by the evolutionary history of the organisms involved. The unfolding rate constants in water are related to the amount of buried hydrophobic residues in the tertiary structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Department of Material and Life Science, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Okada J. [Clostridium difficile]. Nihon Rinsho 2010; 68 Suppl 6:224-226. [PMID: 20942043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Department of Health Science, Daito Bunka University
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Okada J, Ohshima N, Kubota-Koketsu R, Ota S, Takase W, Azuma M, Iba Y, Nakagawa N, Yoshikawa T, Nakajima Y, Ishikawa T, Asano Y, Okuno Y, Kurosawa Y. Monoclonal antibodies in man that neutralized H3N2 influenza viruses were classified into three groups with distinct strain specificity: 1968-1973, 1977-1993 and 1997-2003. Virology 2009; 397:322-30. [PMID: 19969317 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We tried to reveal the strain specificity of neutralizing mAbs against H3N2 influenza viruses in individuals. A large number of B lymphocytes of a pediatrician were collected by apheresis and two Ab libraries were constructed at 2004 and 2007 by using the phage-display technology. The libraries were screened against 12 different H3 strains of flu isolated between 1968 and 2004. Large numbers of clones that bound to the Ags were isolated and mAbs that specifically bound to H3 strain viruses were selected. Their binding activity to the 12 strains and neutralizing activity were studied by ELISA and focus reduction test, respectively. Furthermore, the binding activity to hemagglutinin (HA) was examined by Western blot. The majority of clones showing the neutralizing activity turned out to be anti-HA mAbs and could be divided into three major groups showing distinct strain specificity: 1968-1973, 1977-1993 and 1997-2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Division of Antibody Project, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Abstract
We employed a urease-catalyzed reaction to gradually remove a high concentration of a chaotropic agent (urea) from a denatured protein solution and demonstrated that efficient protein refolding can be achieved by the urease-catalyzed reaction, without large-volume dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between aseptic meningitis and anti-U1RNP antibody in patients diagnosed with CTD. METHODS Fourteen patients with aseptic meningitis were selected from among patients with CTDs who had visited our hospital. We analyzed their medical records to clarify the clinical and immunological features of aseptic meningitis. RESULTS A total of 14 patients with aseptic meningitis were subsequently diagnosed as having either SLE (seven cases), MCTD (four), UCTD (one), overlap syndrome (one), or Sjögren's syndrome (one). Eight of the 14 patients had received NSAIDs, such as sulindac, naproxen, or loxoprofen, before the onset of aseptic meningitis. CRP levels were increased (mean +/- SD: 7.1 +/- 7.1 mg/dL) and CRP levels (10.4 +/- 7.7) in the drug-induced group were significantly increased (p < 0.01). The anti-U1RNP antibody was found in 13 of the 14 patients. There were no significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid findings between the drug-induced group and the non-drug-induced group. CONCLUSIONS SLE or MCTD patients with aseptic meningitis tend to have anti-U1RNP antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Okada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 228-8555 Japan.
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Takano K, Higashi R, Okada J, Mukaiyama A, Tadokoro T, Koga Y, Kanaya S. Proline effect on the thermostability and slow unfolding of a hyperthermophilic protein. J Biochem 2008; 145:79-85. [PMID: 18977771 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease HII from hyperthermophile Thermococcus kodakaraensis (Tk-RNase HII) is a robust monomeric protein under kinetic control, which possesses some proline residues at the N-terminal of alpha-helices. Proline residue at the N-terminal of an alpha-helix is thought to stabilize a protein. In this work, the thermostability and folding kinetics of Tk-RNase HII were measured for mutant proteins in which a proline residue is introduced (Xaa to Pro) or removed (Pro to Ala) at the N-terminal of alpha-helices. In the folding experiments, the mutant proteins examined exhibit little influence on the remarkably slow unfolding of Tk-RNase HII. In contrast, E111P and K199P exhibit some thermostabilization, whereas P46A, P70A and P174A have some thermodestabilization. E111P/K199P and P46A/P70A double mutations cause cumulative changes in stability. We conclude that the proline effect on protein thermostability is observed in a hyperthermophilic protein, but each proline residue at the N-terminal of an alpha-helix slightly contributes to the thermostability. The present results also mean that even a natural hyperthermophilic protein can acquire improved thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Takano
- Department of Material and Life Science, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
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Shibasaki S, Okada J, Nakayama Y, Yoshida T, Ueda M. Isolation of bacteria which produce yeast cell wall-lytic enzymes and their characterization. Biocontrol Sci 2008; 13:91-6. [PMID: 18839628 DOI: 10.4265/bio.13.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
To isolate bacteria capable of producing enzymes that lyse cell wall, we screened soil samples from Rokko Mountain where is situated in west Japan. The isolated strains KH1, KH2 and KH3 that secrete yeast cell wall lytic enzymes are described herein. The activity of the enzymes, after isolation from culture supernatants, were examined. The lytic enzyme produced by strain KH3 was the most active in both cell wall degradation and beta-1,3 glucanase activity in comparison with commercially available enzymes. This enzyme also had the highest thermo- and pH-stability. On the baisis of partial 16S rDNA sequence analyses, KH1 and KH3 were identified as Cellulosimicrobium sp. and KH2 as Bacillus sp. KH3 was tested by DNA-DNA hybridization and GC content in an attempt to precisely classify it, because the 16S rDNA sequence similarities to other strains were very high at 99.4%. These chemotaxonomic experiments indicate that KH3 belongs to Cellulosimicrobium cellulans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Shibasaki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8530, Japan
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Inoue K, Okada J, Sugibayashi K. Enhancing effects of six chemical enhancers on the permeation of ketotifen through excised hairless mouse skin from aqueous donor solutions buffered at pH 5 and 10. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(08)50065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nakayamada S, Saito K, Umehara H, Ogawa N, Sumida T, Ito S, Minota S, Nara H, Kondo H, Okada J, Mimori T, Yoshifuji H, Sano H, Hashimoto N, Sugai S, Tanaka Y. Efficacy and safety of mizoribine for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome: a multicenter open-label clinical trial. Mod Rheumatol 2007; 17:464-9. [PMID: 18084697 DOI: 10.1007/s10165-007-0627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This multicenter clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mizoribine for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome. Fifty-nine patients with a definite diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome received 150;Smg of mizoribine daily for 16 weeks. The salivary secretion volume was determined at baseline, at weeks 8 and 16 after the start of the study treatment by the Saxon test, and clinical manifestations were assessed by the investigator and the patients using a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS). Adverse drug reactions were reported in 18 patients, of whom 6 patients had to discontinue the study due to such adverse reactions; however, no serious adverse drug reactions definitely related to the study drug were noted. The salivary secretion volume, the rate of change in salivary secretion, the patients' own assessments of dry mouth and dry eyes, the investigators' assessment of oral sicca symptoms, and the investigators' overall assessment improved following the treatment regimen with statistical significance at week 16 after the start of treatment in comparison to the baseline values. These results suggested that mizoribine may be effective in producing a subjective and objective amelioration of the glandular symptoms in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, without observing any serious adverse effects related to this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakayamada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
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Okada J. [Rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases]. Nihon Rinsho 2007; 65 Suppl 2 Pt. 1:188-92. [PMID: 17455615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okada
- Department of Health Science, Daito Bunka University
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