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Hata S, Saito H, Kakiuchi T, Fukumoto D, Yamamoto S, Kasuga K, Kimura A, Moteki K, Abe R, Adachi S, Kinoshita S, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishio H, Saito T, Saido TC, Yamamoto T, Nishimura M, Taru H, Sobu Y, Ohba H, Nishiyama S, Harada N, Ikeuchi T, Tsukada H, Ouchi Y, Suzuki T. Brain p3-Alcβ peptide restores neuronal viability impaired by Alzheimer's amyloid β-peptide. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17052. [PMID: 36994913 PMCID: PMC10165357 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose a new therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain peptide p3-Alcβ37 is generated from the neuronal protein alcadein β through cleavage of γ-secretase, similar to the generation of amyloid β (Aβ) derived from Aβ-protein precursor/APP. Neurotoxicity by Aβ oligomers (Aβo) is the prime cause prior to the loss of brain function in AD. We found that p3-Alcβ37 and its shorter peptide p3-Alcβ9-19 enhanced the mitochondrial activity of neurons and protected neurons against Aβo-induced toxicity. This is due to the suppression of the Aβo-mediated excessive Ca2+ influx into neurons by p3-Alcβ. Successful transfer of p3-Alcβ9-19 into the brain following peripheral administration improved the mitochondrial viability in the brain of AD mice model, in which the mitochondrial activity is attenuated by increasing the neurotoxic human Aβ42 burden, as revealed through brain PET imaging to monitor mitochondrial function. Because mitochondrial dysfunction is common in the brain of AD patients alongside increased Aβ and reduced p3-Alcβ37 levels, the administration of p3-Alcβ9-19 may be a promising treatment for restoring, protecting, and promoting brain functions in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Hata
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kakiuchi
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Dai Fukumoto
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | | | - Kensaku Kasuga
- Molecular Genetics, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Nigata, Japan
| | - Ayano Kimura
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koichi Moteki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ruriko Abe
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shungo Adachi
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoich Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Factory of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishimura
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hidenori Taru
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sobu
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohba
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shingo Nishiyama
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Norihiro Harada
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Molecular Genetics, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Nigata, Japan
| | - Hideo Tsukada
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Ouchi
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Preeminent Medical Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Mori S, Nomura K, Fujikawa K, Osawa T, Shionyu M, Yoda T, Shirai T, Tsuda S, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Masuda S, Nishio H, Yoshiya T, Suzuki S, Muramoto M, Nishiyama KI, Shimamoto K. Intermolecular Interactions between a Membrane Protein and a Glycolipid Essential for Membrane Protein Integration. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:609-618. [PMID: 35239308 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inducing newly synthesized proteins to appropriate locations is an indispensable biological function in every organism. Integration of proteins into biomembranes in Escherichia coli is mediated by proteinaceous factors, such as Sec translocons and an insertase YidC. Additionally, a glycolipid named MPIase (membrane protein integrase), composed of a long sugar chain and pyrophospholipid, was proven essential for membrane protein integration. We reported that a synthesized minimal unit of MPIase possessing only one trisaccharide, mini-MPIase-3, involves an essential structure for the integration activity. Here, to elucidate integration mechanisms using MPIase, we analyzed intermolecular interactions of MPIase or its synthetic analogs with a model substrate, the Pf3 coat protein, using physicochemical methods. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses revealed the importance of a pyrophosphate for affinity to the Pf3 coat protein. Compared with mini-MPIase-3, natural MPIase showed faster association and dissociation due to its long sugar chain despite the slight difference in affinity. To focus on more detailed MPIase substructures, we performed docking simulations and saturation transfer difference-nuclear magnetic resonance. These experiments yielded that the 6-O-acetyl group on glucosamine and the phosphate of MPIase play important roles leading to interactions with the Pf3 coat protein. The high affinity of MPIase to the hydrophobic region and the basic amino acid residues of the protein was suggested by docking simulations and proven experimentally by SPR using protein mutants devoid of target regions. These results demonstrated the direct interactions of MPIase with a substrate protein and revealed detailed mechanisms of membrane protein integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Mori
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nomura
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Kohki Fujikawa
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tsukiho Osawa
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shionyu
- Department of Frontier Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Takao Yoda
- Department of Frontier Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Department of Frontier Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Shugo Tsuda
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshizawa-Kumagaye
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Shun Masuda
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Hideki Nishio
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Taku Yoshiya
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Sonomi Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Maki Muramoto
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Keiko Shimamoto
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Minato T, Nirasawa S, Sato T, Yamaguchi T, Hoshizaki M, Inagaki T, Nakahara K, Yoshihashi T, Ozawa R, Yokota S, Natsui M, Koyota S, Yoshiya T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Motoyama S, Gotoh T, Nakaoka Y, Penninger JM, Watanabe H, Imai Y, Takahashi S, Kuba K. B38-CAP is a bacteria-derived ACE2-like enzyme that suppresses hypertension and cardiac dysfunction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1058. [PMID: 32103002 PMCID: PMC7044196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is critically involved in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, and is currently clinically evaluated to treat acute lung failure. Here we show that the B38-CAP, a carboxypeptidase derived from Paenibacillus sp. B38, is an ACE2-like enzyme to decrease angiotensin II levels in mice. In protein 3D structure analysis, B38-CAP homolog shares structural similarity to mammalian ACE2 with low sequence identity. In vitro, recombinant B38-CAP protein catalyzed the conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin 1–7, as well as other known ACE2 target peptides. Treatment with B38-CAP suppressed angiotensin II-induced hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis in mice. Moreover, B38-CAP inhibited pressure overload-induced pathological hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction in mice. Our data identify the bacterial B38-CAP as an ACE2-like carboxypeptidase, indicating that evolution has shaped a bacterial carboxypeptidase to a human ACE2-like enzyme. Bacterial engineering could be utilized to design improved protein drugs for hypertension and heart failure. The enzyme ACE2 is involved in cardiac pathology and can counteract heart failure and other cardio-pulmonary diseases. Here the authors show that bacteria produce an ACE2-like enzyme that is effective in suppressing cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Minato
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Satoru Nirasawa
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan.
| | - Teruki Sato
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Midori Hoshizaki
- Laboratory of Regulation of Intractable Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Tadakatsu Inagaki
- Department of Vascular Physiology, Research Institute National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakahara
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshihashi
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Ryo Ozawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Saki Yokota
- Department of Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Course, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Miyuki Natsui
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Souichi Koyota
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Bioscience Education and Research Support Center, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Taku Yoshiya
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Takeshi Gotoh
- Department of Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Course, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nakaoka
- Department of Vascular Physiology, Research Institute National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA -Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Campus Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, 1030, Austria.,Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yumiko Imai
- Laboratory of Regulation of Intractable Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Saori Takahashi
- Akita Research Institute of Food and Brewing, 4-26 Sanuki, Arayamachi, Akita, 010-1623, Japan
| | - Keiji Kuba
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Ueno Y, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Emura J, Urabe T, Yoshiya T, Furumoto T, Izui K. In Vivo Phosphorylation: Development of Specific Antibodies to Detect the Phosphorylated PEPC Isoform for the C4 Photosynthesis in Zea mays. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2072:217-240. [PMID: 31541450 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9865-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (PEPCs), mostly known as the enzymes responsible for the initial CO2 fixation during C4 photosynthesis, are regulated by reversible phosphorylation in vascular plants. The phosphorylation site on a PEPC molecule is conserved not only among isoforms but also across plant species. An anti-phosphopeptide antibody is a common and powerful tool for detecting phosphorylated target proteins with high specificity. We generated two antibodies, one against a peptide containing a phosphoserine (phosphopeptide) and the other against a peptide containing a phosphoserine mimetic, (S)-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (phosphonopeptide). The amino acid sequence of the peptide was taken from the site around the phosphorylation site near the N-terminal region of the maize C4-isoform of PEPC. The former antibodies detected almost specifically the phosphorylated C4-isoform of PEPC, whereas the latter antibodies had a broader specificity for the phosphorylated PEPC in various plant species. The following procedures are described herein: (1) preparation of the phosphopeptide and phosphonopeptide; (2) preparation and purification of rabbit antibodies; (3) preparation of cell extracts from leaves for analyses of PEPC phosphorylation with antibodies; and (4) characterization of the obtained antibodies. Finally, (5) two cases involving the application of these antibodies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Ueno
- Department of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Shiga, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Katsura Izui
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
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5
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Tsuda S, Mochizuki M, Ishiba H, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishio H, Oishi S, Yoshiya T. Easy-to-Attach/Detach Solubilizing-Tag-Aided Chemical Synthesis of an Aggregative Capsid Protein. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2105-2109. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Tsuda
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Ishiba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshizawa-Kumagaye
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
- Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka-shi Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Hideki Nishio
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
- Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka-shi Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Taku Yoshiya
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
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Tsuda S, Mochizuki M, Ishiba H, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishio H, Oishi S, Yoshiya T. Easy-to-Attach/Detach Solubilizing-Tag-Aided Chemical Synthesis of an Aggregative Capsid Protein. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Tsuda
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Ishiba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshizawa-Kumagaye
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
- Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka-shi Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Hideki Nishio
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
- Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka-shi Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Taku Yoshiya
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
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7
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Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a carboxypeptidase which is highly homologous to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE2 produces vasodilator peptides angiotensin 1-7 from angiotensin II. In the present study, we synthesized various internally quenched fluorogenic (IQF) substrates (fluorophore-Xaa-Pro-quencher) based on the cleavage site of angiotensin II introducing N-terminal fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid (Nma) and C-terminal quencher N(ε)-2,4- dinitrophenyl-lysine [Lys(Dnp)]. The synthesized mixed substrates "Nma-Xaa-Pro-Lys(Dnp)" were hydrolyzed by recombinant human (rh) ACE2. The amount of each product was determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with fluorescence detection and it was found that Nma-His-Pro-Lys(Dnp) is the most suitable substrate for rhACE2. The K(m), k(cat), and k(cat)/K(m) values of Nma-His-Pro-Lys(Dnp) on rhACE2 were determined to be 23.3 μM, 167 s(-1), and 7.17 μM(-1) s(-1), respectively. Using the rhACE2 and the newly developed IQF substrate, we found rhACE2 inhibitory activity in soybean and isolated the active compound soybean ACE2 inhibitor (ACE2iSB). The physicochemical data on the isolated ACE2iSB were identical to those of nicotianamine. ACE2iSB strongly inhibited rhACE2 activity with an IC50 value of 84 nM. This is the first demonstration of an ACE2 inhibitor from foodstuffs.
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Yoshiya T, Maruno T, Uemura T, Kubo S, Kiso Y, Sohma Y, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Kobayashi Y, Nishiuchi Y. Non-pretreated O-acyl isopeptide of amyloid β peptide 1-42 is monomeric with a random coil structure but starts to aggregate in a concentration-dependent manner. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3861-4. [PMID: 25017031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An isopeptide of amyloid β peptide 1-42 (isoAβ42) was considered as a non-aggregative precursor molecule for the highly aggregative Aβ42. It has been applied to biological studies after several pretreatments. Here we report that isoAβ42 is monomeric with a random coil structure at 40 μM without any pretreatment. But we also found that isoAβ42 retains a slight aggregative nature, which is significantly weaker than that of the native Aβ42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Yoshiya
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-Shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Maruno
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Uemura
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-Shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kubo
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-Shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiso
- Laboratory of Peptide Science, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Youhei Sohma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiuchi
- Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-Shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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9
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Kubo K, Tokashiki M, Kuwasako K, Tamura M, Tsuda S, Kubo S, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Kato J, Kitamura K. Biological properties of adrenomedullin conjugated with polyethylene glycol. Peptides 2014; 57:118-21. [PMID: 24874704 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (AM) is a vasodilator peptide with pleiotropic effects, including cardiovascular protection and anti-inflammation. Because of these beneficial effects, AM appears to be a promising therapeutic tool for human diseases, while intravenous injection of AM stimulates sympathetic nerve activity due to short-acting potent vasodilation, resulting in increased heart rate and renin secretion. To lessen these acute reactions, we conjugated the N-terminal of human AM peptide with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and examined the biological properties of PEGylated AM in the present study. PEGylated AM stimulated cAMP production, an intracellular second messenger of AM, in cultured human embryonic kidney cells expressing a specific AM receptor in a dose-dependent manner, as did native human AM. The pEC50 value of PEGylated AM was lower than human AM, but no difference was noted in maximum response (Emax) between the PEGylated and native peptides. Intravenous bolus injection of 10nmol/kg PEGylated AM lowered blood pressure in anesthetized rats, but the acute reduction became significantly smaller by PEGylation as compared with native AM. Plasma half-life of PEGylated AM was significantly longer than native AM both in the first and second phases in rats. In summary, N-terminal PEGylated AM stimulated cAMP production in vitro, showing lessened acute hypotensive action and a prolonged plasma half-life in comparison with native AM peptide in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Kubo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Mariko Tokashiki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuwasako
- Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Masaji Tamura
- SAITO Research Center, Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Shugo Tsuda
- SAITO Research Center, Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kubo
- SAITO Research Center, Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | | | - Johji Kato
- Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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10
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Yoshiya T, Uemura T, Maruno T, Kubo S, Kiso Y, Sohma Y, Kobayashi Y, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishiuchi Y. O
-Acyl isopeptide method: development of an O
-acyl isodipeptide unit for Boc SPPS
and its application to the synthesis of Aβ
1-42 isopeptide. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:669-74. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takahiro Maruno
- Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | | | - Yoshiaki Kiso
- Laboratory of Peptide Science; Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology; Shiga 526-0829 Japan
| | - Youhei Sohma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yuji Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | | | - Yuji Nishiuchi
- Peptide Institute, Inc.; Osaka 567-0085 Japan
- Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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11
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Sano S, Tagami S, Hashimoto Y, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Tsunemi M, Okochi M, Tomonaga T. Absolute quantitation of low abundance plasma APL1β peptides at sub-fmol/mL Level by SRM/MRM without immunoaffinity enrichment. J Proteome Res 2013; 13:1012-20. [PMID: 24354742 DOI: 10.1021/pr4010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selected/multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) has been widely used for the quantification of specific proteins/peptides, although it is still challenging to quantitate low abundant proteins/peptides in complex samples such as plasma/serum. To overcome this problem, enrichment of target proteins/peptides is needed, such as immunoprecipitation; however, this is labor-intense and generation of antibodies is highly expensive. In this study, we attempted to quantify plasma low abundant APLP1-derived Aβ-like peptides (APL1β), a surrogate marker for Alzheimer's disease, by SRM/MRM using stable isotope-labeled reference peptides without immunoaffinity enrichment. A combination of Cibacron Blue dye mediated albumin removal and acetonitrile extraction followed by C18-strong cation exchange multi-StageTip purification was used to deplete plasma proteins and unnecessary peptides. Optimal and validated precursor ions to fragment ion transitions of APL1β were developed on a triple quadruple mass spectrometer, and the nanoliquid chromatography gradient for peptide separation was optimized to minimize the biological interference of plasma. Using the stable isotope-labeled (SI) peptide as an internal control, absolute concentrations of plasma APL1β peptide could be quantified as several hundred amol/mL. To our knowledge, this is the lowest detection level of endogenous plasma peptide quantified by SRM/MRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shozo Sano
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation , Osaka 567-0085, Japan
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12
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Mitsugi H, Niki T, Takahashi-Niki K, Tanimura K, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Tsunemi M, Iguchi-Ariga SMM, Ariga H. Identification of the recognition sequence and target proteins for DJ-1 protease. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2493-9. [PMID: 23831022 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1, the product of familial Parkinson's disease gene and an oncogene, is a cysteine protease which plays a role in anti-oxidative stress reaction. In this study, we identified the recognition sequence for DJ-1 protease by using recombinant DJ-1 and a peptide library. Protease activity of DJ-1 lacking C-terminal α-helix (DJ-1ΔH9) was stronger than that of full-sized DJ-1, and the most susceptible sequence digested by DJ-1ΔH9 was valine-lysine-valine-alanine (VKVA) under the optimal conditions of pH 5.5 and 0 mM NaCl. Divalent ions, especially Cu²⁺, were inhibitory to DJ-1's protease activity. c-abl oncogene 1 product (ABL1) and kinesin family member 1B (KIF1B) containing VKVA were digested by DJ-1ΔH9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Mitsugi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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13
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Ida T, Takahashi T, Tominaga H, Sato T, Kume K, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishio H, Kato J, Murakami N, Miyazato M, Kangawa K, Kojima M. Identification of the endogenous cysteine-rich peptide trissin, a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor in Drosophila. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 414:44-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Takahashi S, Ono H, Gotoh T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Sugiyama T. Novel internally quenched fluorogenic substrates for angiotensin I-converting enzyme and carboxypeptidase Y. Biomed Res 2011; 32:407-11. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.32.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Mishiro-Sato E, Sasaki K, Matsuo T, Kageyama H, Yamaguchi H, Date Y, Matsubara M, Ishizu T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Satomi Y, Takao T, Shioda S, Nakazato M, Minamino N. Distribution of neuroendocrine regulatory peptide-1 and -2, and proteolytic processing of their precursor VGF protein in the rat. J Neurochem 2010; 114:1097-106. [PMID: 20524965 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine regulatory peptide (NERP)-1 and NERP-2 are biologically active peptides recently discovered by peptidomic analysis. NERPs are processed out from the 594-residue VGF protein which contains many prohormone convertase cleavage motifs. VGF-deficient mice exhibit a hypermetabolic and infertile phenotype, for which VGF protein-derived peptides including NERPs are presumably responsible. To provide a solid basis for elucidating physiological roles of NERPs, we investigated rat VGF protein processing by chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis, and immunoblotting, using antibodies against NERPs and the VGF protein C-terminus (VGF-C). Cellular and tissue distribution of immunoreactive (ir) NERPs were also analyzed in the rat. Both ir-NERP-1 and ir-NERP-2, which occur abundantly in the CNS and pituitary, moderately in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, were mainly localized in neuronal structures. Major endogenous forms of ir-NERPs in the brain and GI tract were identified as NERP-1, NERP-2, and big NERP-2 (NERP-1 + NERP-2), with NERP-1 and big NERP-2 being predominant. Regarding ir-VGF-C peptides, VGF[588-617], VGF[556-617], and VGF[509-617] were found to be major forms. Immunoblotting with the NERP-2 and VGF-C antibodies revealed processing intermediates of 10-37 kDa. Taken together, we deduce that VGF protein is primarily cleaved at 10 sites through the processing pathway common to the brain and GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Mishiro-Sato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Pheng V, Uenoyama Y, Homma T, Inamoto Y, Takase K, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Isaka S, Watanabe TX, Ohkura S, Tomikawa J, Maeda KI, Tsukamura H. Potencies of centrally- or peripherally-injected full-length kisspeptin or its C-terminal decapeptide on LH release in intact male rats. J Reprod Dev 2009; 55:378-82. [PMID: 19384054 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.20240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of full-length rat kisspeptin (rKp-52) with C-terminal decapeptide (Kp-10) of rat or human kisspeptin on LH release in intact male rats. Plasma LH profiles were determined by frequent blood sampling at 6-min intervals for 3 h after central or peripheral injection of kisspeptins. Intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of rKp-52 (0.1 nmol) induced a gradual increase in the plasma LH level, which remained high for the rest of the sampling period. On the other hand, icv injection of rKp-10 did not increase the plasma LH level at the same dose (0.1 nmol). A 10-times higher dose (1 nmol) of rKp-10 and hKp-10 increased the plasma LH level, but the increase was lower than that of rKp-52 icv injection. Intravenous (iv) injection of kisspeptins also stimulated LH release at 10 or 100 nmol/kg. In rKp-52 (10 nmol/kg)-treated animals, the plasma LH level reached a peak within 30 min and remained high until 60 min postinjection. The rKp-10- and hKp-10-injected animals showed a more rapid decline in plasma LH level after the peak found at around 30 min after the injections at both middle (10 nmol/kg) and high (100 nmol/kg) doses. The present study indicates that full-length kisspeptin is more effective in stimulating LH release compared with Kp-10 in male rats. The difference in LH-releasing activity may be the result of a difference in degradation of the peptides, but it is still worth determining whether an active domain other than the C-terminal decapeptide is present in full-length kisspeptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vutha Pheng
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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17
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Takei Y, Hashimoto H, Inoue K, Osaki T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Tsunemi M, Watanabe TX, Ogoshi M, Minamino N, Ueta Y. Central and peripheral cardiovascular actions of adrenomedullin 5, a novel member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide family, in mammals. J Endocrinol 2008; 197:391-400. [PMID: 18434369 DOI: 10.1677/joe-07-0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin 5 (AM5) is a new member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family identified in teleost fish. Although its presence was suggested in the genome database of mammals, molecular identity and biological function of AM5 have not been examined yet. In this study, we cloned a cDNA encoding AM5 in the pig and examined its cardiovascular and renal effects. Putative mature AM5 was localized in the middle of prohormone and had potential signals for intermolecular ring formation and C-terminal amidation. The AM5 gene was expressed most abundantly in the spleen and thymus. Several AM5 genes were newly identified in the database of mammals, which revealed that the AM5 gene exists in primates, carnivores, and undulates but could not be identified in rodents. In primates, nucleotide deletion occurred in the mature AM5 sequence in anthropoids (human and chimp) during transition from the rhesus monkey. Synthetic mature AM5 injected intravenously into rats induced dose-dependent decreases in arterial pressure at 0.1-1 nmol/kg without apparent changes in heart rate. The decrease was maximal in 1 min and AM5 was approximately half as potent as AM. AM5 did not cause significant changes in urine flow and urine Na+ concentration at any dose. In contrast to the peripheral vasodepressor action, AM5 injected into the cerebral ventricle dose-dependently increased arterial pressure and heart rate at 0.1-1 nmol. The increase reached maximum more quickly after AM5 (5 min) than AM (15-20 min). AM5 added to the culture cells expressing calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) or calcitonin receptor (CTR) together with one of the receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), the combination of which forms major receptors for the CGRP family, did not induce appreciable increases in cAMP production in any combination, although AM increased it at 10(-)(10)-10(-)(9) M when added to the CLR and RAMP2/3 combination. These data indicate that AM5 seems to act on as yet unknown receptor(s) for AM5, other than CLR/CTR+RAMP, to exert central and peripheral cardiovascular actions in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takei
- Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Nakano, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan.
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18
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Hemmi H, Kumazaki T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishiuchi Y, Yoshida T, Ohkubo T, Kobayashi Y. Structural and functional study of an Anemonia elastase inhibitor, a "nonclassical" Kazal-type inhibitor from Anemonia sulcata. Biochemistry 2005; 44:9626-36. [PMID: 16008348 DOI: 10.1021/bi0472806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anemonia elastase inhibitor (AEI) is a "nonclassical" Kazal-type elastase inhibitor from Anemonia sulcata. Unlike many nonclassical inhibitors, AEI does not have a cystine-stabilized alpha-helical (CSH) motif in the sequence. We chemically synthesized AEI and determined its three-dimensional solution structure by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The resulting structure of AEI was characterized by a central alpha-helix and a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet of a typical Kazal-type inhibitor such as silver pheasant ovomucoid third domain (OMSVP3), even though the first and fifth half-cystine residues forming a disulfide bond in AEI are shifted both toward the C-terminus in comparison with those of OMSVP3. Synthesized AEI exhibited unexpected strong inhibition toward Streptomyces griseus protease B (SGPB). Our previous study [Hemmi, H., et al. (2003) Biochemistry 42, 2524-2534] demonstrated that the site-specific introduction of the engineered disulfide bond into the OMSVP3 molecule to form the CSH motif could produce an inhibitor with a narrower specificity. Thus, the CSH motif-containing derivative of AEI (AEI analogue) was chemically synthesized when a Cys(4)-Cys(34) bond was changed to a Cys(6)-Cys(31) bond. The AEI analogue scarcely inhibited porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE), even though it exhibited almost the same potent inhibitory activity toward SGPB. For the molecular scaffold, essentially no structural difference was detected between the two, but the N-terminal loop from Pro(5) to Ile(7) near the putative reactive site (Met(10)-Gln(11)) in the analogue moved by 3.7 A toward the central helix to form the introduced Cys(6)-Cys(31) bond. Such a conformational change in the restricted region correlates with the specificity change of the inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Hemmi
- National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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19
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Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Ishizu T, Isaka S, Tamura M, Okihara R, Nishiuchi Y, Kimura T. Further Studies on the Side Reactions Associated with Use of Nπ- Benzyloxymethylhistidine. Protein Pept Lett 2005; 12:579-82. [PMID: 16101399 DOI: 10.2174/0929866054395789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of N(alpha)-tert.-butyloxycarbonyl-N(pi)-benzyloxymethylhistidine [Boc-His(Bom)] in peptide synthesis results in a serious level of side products arising from the generation of formaldehyde during the HF cleavage reaction. In particular, when treating a His(Bom)-containing peptide having Cys at the N-terminus by HF, this leads to almost complete conversion of the Cys-peptide to thiazolidyl (Thz)-peptide unless precautions are taken. Also, the reaction of formaldehyde with the N-terminal Trp and the N-methylanthranyl (Nma) group was found to produce tetrahydro-beta-carboline and dihydroquinazolin derivatives, respectively, upon isolation from HF mixtures. The addition of cysteine as a scavenger in HF proved to be effective for suppressing modification arising from the generation of formaldehyde.
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20
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Onoda A, Yamamoto H, Yamada Y, Lee K, Adachi S, Okamura TA, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nakajima K, Kawakami T, Aimoto S, Ueyama N. Switching of turn conformation in an aspartate anion peptide fragment by NH · · · O−hydrogen bonds. Biopolymers 2005; 80:233-48. [PMID: 15633197 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aspartic acid protease model peptides Z-Phe-Asp(COOH)-Thr-Gly-Ser-Ala-NHCy (1) and AdCO-Asp(COOH)-Val-Gly-NHBzl (3), and their aspartate anions (NEt4)[Z-Phe-Asp(COO-)-Thr-Gly-Ser-Ala-NHCy] (2) and (NEt4)[AdCO-Asp(COO-)-Val-Gly-NHBzl] (4), having an invariant primary sequence of the Asp-X(Thr,Ser)-Gly fragment, were synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, CD, and infrared (IR) spectroscopies. NMR structure analyses indicate that the Asp O(delta) atoms of the aspartate peptide 2 are intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded with Gly, Ser, Ala NH, and Ser OH, supporting the rigid beta-turn-like conformation in acetonitrile solution. The tripeptide in the aspartic acid 3 forms an inverse gamma-turn structure, which is converted to a beta-turn-like conformation because of the formation of the intramolecular NH . . . O- hydrogen bonds with the Asp O(delta) in 4. Such a conformational change is not detected between dipeptides AdCO-Asp(COOH)-Va-NHAd (5) and (NEt4)[AdCO-Asp(COO-)-Val-NHAd] (6). The pK(a) value of side-chain carboxylic acid (5.0) for 3 exhibits a lower shift (0.3 unit) from that of 5 in aqueous polyethyleneglycol lauryl ether micellar solution. NMR structure analyses for 3 in an aqueous micellar solution indicate that the preorganized turn structure, which readily forms the NH . . . O- hydrogen bonds, lowers the pK(a) value and that resulting hydrogen bonds stabilize the rigid conformation in the aspartate anion state. We found that the formation of the NH . . . O- hydrogen bonds involved in the hairpin turn is correlated with the protonation and deprotonation state of the Asp side chain in the conserved amino acid fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Onoda
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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21
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Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nishiuchi Y, Nishio H, Kimura T. Amino acid deletion products resulting from incomplete deprotection of the Boc group fromNπ-benzyloxymethylhistidine residues during solid-phase peptide synthesis. J Pept Sci 2005; 11:512-5. [PMID: 15761875 DOI: 10.1002/psc.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In peptide synthesis, the use of N(alpha)-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-N(pi)-benzyloxymethylhistidine [Boc-His(pi-Bom)] raises the problem of the Bom group generating formaldehyde during the hydrogen fluoride (HF) cleavage reaction. This can lead to modification of the functional groups on amino acids in the peptide chain. Besides this side reaction, the failure of N(alpha)-Boc deprotection from the His(pi-Bom) residue occurs during TFA treatment for the standard solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) even in the case of a non 'difficult sequence'. This gives amino acid deletion products generated at the N-terminus of the His(pi-Bom) residues. Reviewing the removability of the Boc group on amino acid derivatives showed that the group on the His(pi-Bom) residue was much more resistant under the deprotecting conditions than expected. To circumvent this problem, special precautions, i.e. prolonged deprotection steps and/or increased concentrations of TFA, should be taken for a successful SPPS.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Taya
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Ishimaru M, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Kubo S, Kitani T, Chino N, Kangawa K, Kimura T. Stability of the O-octanoyl group of rat ghrelin during chemical synthesis: Counter-ion-dependent alteration of an ester bond breakage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1023/b:lips.0000014028.70584.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Tagashira M, Iijima H, Isogai Y, Hori M, Takamatsu S, Fujibayashi Y, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Isaka S, Nakajima K, Yamamoto T, Teshima T, Toma K. Site-dependent effect of O-glycosylation on the conformation and biological activity of calcitonin. Biochemistry 2001; 40:11090-5. [PMID: 11551206 DOI: 10.1021/bi010306y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized seven O-glycosylated calcitonin derivatives, each with a single GalNAc residue attached to either Ser or Thr, and studied their three-dimensional structure and biological activity to examine site-dependent effects of O-glycosylation. The CD spectra in an aqueous trifluoroethanol solution showed that the GalNAc attachment at Thr6 or Thr21 reduced the helical content of calcitonin, indicating that the O-glycosylated residue functions as a stronger helix breaker than the original amino acid residue. Only the GalNAc attachment at Ser2 or Thr21 retained the hypocalcemic activity of calcitonin. This result corresponded well to that of the calcitonin-receptor binding assay. The GalNAc attachment other than Ser2 or Thr21 perturbed the interaction with the receptor, resulting in the loss of the hypocalcemic activity. The biodistribution did not change much among the seven derivatives, but some site dependency could also be observed. Thus, we can conclude that the O-glycosylation affects both the conformation and biological activity in a site-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tagashira
- Analytical Research Laboratory, Asahi Kasei Corporation, Fuji, Shizuoka 416-8501, Japan
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25
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Nishio H, Nishiuchi Y, Inui T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Kimura T. Problems associated with use of the Nin-cyclohexyloxycarbonyl (Hoc) group for tryptophans. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Ueno Y, Imanari E, Emura J, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nakajima K, Inami K, Shiba T, Sakakibara H, Sugiyama T, Izui K. Immunological analysis of the phosphorylation state of maize C4-form phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase with specific antibodies raised against a synthetic phosphorylated peptide. Plant J 2000; 21:17-26. [PMID: 10652147 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) isozyme involved in C4 photosynthesis is known to undergo reversible regulatory phosphorylation under illuminated conditions, thereby decreasing the enzyme's sensitivity to its feedback inhibitor, L-malate. For the direct assay of this phosphorylation in intact maize leaves, phosphorylation state-specific antibodies to the C4-form PEPC were prepared. The antibodies were raised in rabbits against a synthetic phosphorylated 15-mer peptide with a sequence corresponding to that flanking the specific site of regulatory phosphorylation (Ser15) and subsequently purified by affinity-chromatography. Specificity of the resulting antibodies to the C4-form PEPC phosphorylated at Ser15 was established on the basis of several criteria. The antibodies did not react with the recombinant root-form of maize PEPC phosphorylated in vitro. By the use of these antibodies, the changes in PEPC phosphorylation state were semi-quantitatively monitored under several physiological conditions. When the changes in PEPC phosphorylation were monitored during the entire day with mature (13-week-old) maize plants grown in the field, phosphorylation started before dawn, reached a maximum by mid-morning, and then decreased before sunset. At midnight dephosphorylation was almost complete. The results suggest that the regulatory phosphorylation of C4-form PEPC in mature maize plants is controlled not only by a light signal but also by some other metabolic signal(s). Under nitrogen-limited conditions the phosphorylation was enhanced even though the level of PEPC protein was decreased. Thus there seems to be some compensatory regulatory mechanism for the phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ueno
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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27
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Ueno T, Kousumi Y, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nakajima K, Ueyama N, Okamura TA, Nakamura A. Role of α-Helix Conformation Cooperating with NH···S Hydrogen Bond in the Active Site of Cytochrome P-450 and Chloroperoxidase: Synthesis and Properties of [MIII(OEP)(Cys-Helical Peptide)] (M = Fe and Ga). J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja980016d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ueno
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
| | - Yukihide Kousumi
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshizawa-Kumagaye
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Nakajima
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
| | - Norikazu Ueyama
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
| | - Taka-aki Okamura
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamura
- Contribution from the Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Peptide Institute, Inc., Minoh, Osaka 562-0015, Japan
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Fukuzawa A, Watanabe TX, Itahara Y, Nakajima K, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Takei Y. B-type natriuretic peptide isolated from frog cardiac ventricles. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 222:323-9. [PMID: 8670204 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A new natriuretic peptide with 27 amino acid residues has been isolated from cardiac ventricles of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. Since this ventricular peptide had high sequence identity to B-type (brain) natriuretic peptide (BNP), especially to chicken BNP (74%), we named it bullfrog BNP. Thus, semi-aquatic amphibians have tetrapod-type BNP, but do not seem to have fish-type ventricular natriuretic peptide (VNP) in their ventricles. Compared with other known BNPs, the C-terminus of bullfrog BNP was elongated by two amino acid residues and was not amidated. Bullfrog BNP dose-dependently decreased arterial blood pressure in the bullfrog with a potency twofold greater than that of human ANP. Bullfrog BNP also exhibited vasodepressor, natriuretic and diuretic activities in the rat, but it was 1/3, 1/7, and 1/17 as potent as human ANP in this mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fukuzawa
- Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Watanabe TX, Itahara Y, Inui T, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nakajima K, Sakakibara S. Vasopressor activities of N-terminal fragments of adrenomedullin in anesthetized rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 219:59-63. [PMID: 8619827 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (AM) is a vasorelaxant peptide that was recently isolated from human pheochromocytoma. In contrast to human (h) AM, which has vasodepressor activity, a synthetic N-terminal fragment of hAM, hAM-(1-25)-NH2 showed vasopressor activity in the anesthetized rat. The N-terminal peptides hAM-1-31)-NH2, hAM-(1-25)-OH, hAM-(1-21)-NH2, acetyl-hAM-(16-21)-NH2, and acetyl-hAM-(16-36)-OH all showed vasopressor activities. The potency of hAM-(1-21)-NH2, acetyl-hAM-(16-21)-NH2 was greater than that of hAM-(1-25)-NH2. Pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine, guanethidine, or reserpine attenuated vasopressor activities of these peptides. These data suggested that vasopressor activity of N-terminal fragment of hAM is due to a stimulation of endogenous catecholamine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- T X Watanabe
- Peptide Institute, Inc., Protein Research Foundation, Osaka, Japan
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Wakamiya T, Saruta K, Kusumoto S, Nakajima K, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Kanegasaki S. An Efficient Procedure for Synthesis of Phosphopeptides through the Benzyl Phosphate-Protection by the Boc Mode Solid-Phase Method. CHEM LETT 1993. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1993.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Chino N, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Noda Y, Watanabe TX, Kimura T, Sakakibara S. Synthesis and biological properties of antiparallel and parallel dimers of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1986; 141:665-72. [PMID: 2948510 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(86)80224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To obtain antiparallel and parallel dimers of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP), two fully protected peptides I and II having the same amino acid sequence as alpha-hANP with different protective groups at the cysteinyl residues were synthesized, the former having Acm and Npys and the latter MeBzl and Acm. Equivalent amounts of peptides I and II were mixed and subjected to HF deprotection. Next, the first disulfide bond was linked between the remaining Npys group in I and the liberated SH group in II to form a monodisulfide dimer. The second disulfide bond was formed within the newly formed dimer between the remaining Acm groups by treatment with iodine, giving an antiparallel dimer. The parallel dimer of alpha-hANP was synthesized similarly starting from the protected peptide II. These dimers could be clearly segregated on HPLC. The retention time on HPLC of the antiparallel dimer was identical with that of natural beta-hANP. Both dimers showed biological activities as high as one third to one sixth of alpha-hANP in smooth muscle spasmolytic activity, and almost the same level of natriuretic activity as alpha-hANP at a high dose (10 nmol/kg) but about one fifth the activity at a low dose (1 nmol/kg). In these assay systems, the antiparallel dimer showed a slower onset and a tendency of longer duration than alpha-hANP.
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