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Lehun AL, Muniz CM, Silva JOS, Cavalcanti LD, Takemoto RM. The functional traits of host fish can act as good predictors for parasite composition in a neotropical floodplain. J Fish Biol 2024; 104:206-215. [PMID: 37807892 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Parasite diversity can be influenced by the interaction of environmental factors and host traits, but understanding which traits can be decisive for the establishment of the parasite may provide subsidies for a better understanding of the host-parasite relationship. In this study, we investigated whether functional traits, diet, and host phylogeny can predict the similarity of the endoparasite composition of a fish assemblage in a Brazilian floodplain. Of the three evaluated components, the host's diet was the factor that showed the greatest influence on the composition and similarity of endoparasites, demonstrating the highest value of the explanation. The functional traits and phylogeny, despite presenting significant values (unique effect and global effect), showed low explainability in the composition of the endoparasites. When analyzing the joint effects, all components showed significant influence. Hosts that live in the same environment that are phylogenetically related and have a similar ecology have a certain degree of homogeneity in their parasite assemblages and, because they are endoparasites (which are acquired trophically along the chain), diet is the main driver of parasite richness and similarity. Overall, host traits can be one of the main determinants of parasite composition, so studies that address the functional traits of the host provide a representation of local diversity and define the possible patterns of these parasite communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsler Luana Lehun
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mendes Muniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - João Otávio Santos Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lidiany Doreto Cavalcanti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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Casali GP, Santos Silva JO, Lehun AL, Doreto Cavalcanti L, Michelan G, Capparros EM, Massato Takemoto R. Infection pattern of Echinorhynchus salobrensis (Acanthocephala) in congeneric species of piranha from a Neotropical floodplain region. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2023; 70:2023.022. [PMID: 38168032 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2023.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Acanthocephalans are obligate endoparasites characterised by the presence of a proboscis with hooks, which are used to adhere and perforate the intestinal wall of their hosts. Individuals of Echinorhynchus salobrensis Machado Filho, 1948 have been reported parasitising the piranhas Serrasalmus maculatus Kner and Serrasalmus marginatus Valenciennes in the upper Paraná River floodplain. Serrasalmus marginatus is considered non-native at this site, and its establishment occurred after the closure of the Itaipu Hydroelectric, which flooded a natural geographic barrier that separated two ecoregions in the Paraná River. Since they are phylogenetically close and have similar biological and ecological characteristics competition for resources caused the non-native species to become dominant over the native one. Considering the specificity of species of Echinorhynchus Zoega, 1776 in serrasalmids, we evaluated the distribution of E. salobrensis along the gastrointestinal tract of S. maculatus and S. marginatus from the upper Paraná River floodplain. All parasites indices of E. salobrensis were higher in the invasive host S. marginatus when compared to the native S. maculatus. There were no significant interaction effects between host species and sex, and host species and/or sex in the presence of the parasite. When we evaluated the effect of E. salobrensis parasitism on the different gut regions and accessory organs, total abundance was significant in the stomach and caecum organs, and in the first and second regions of the intestine. None of the analytical approaches tested showed an effect of the sex of the host or the sex of the parasite on the presence and abundance of the parasite in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies on acanthocephalan parasitism in fish in Brazil focus on fish farm. The fact that two species of selvage carnivorous fish present high rates of acanthocephalan parasitism, added to the fact that most studies with this group are on farmed fish fed with feed, only emphasise the need for continuity in studies of acanthocephalans in the parasitology of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Pomaro Casali
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biologia Comparada, Laboratorio de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa - UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Joao Otavio Santos Silva
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquaticos Continentais, Laboratorio de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa - UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Atsler Luana Lehun
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquaticos Continentais, Laboratorio de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa - UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Lidiany Doreto Cavalcanti
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquaticos Continentais, Laboratorio de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa - UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Michelan
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biologia Comparada, Laboratorio de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa - UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Eloiza Muniz Capparros
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquaticos Continentais, Laboratorio de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa - UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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Michelan G, Hasuike WT, Cavalcanti LD, Lehun AL, Silva JOS, Takemoto RM. First record of two Copepoda species parasitizing Colomesus tocantinensis (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae) in the Tocantins-Araguaia basin, Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2023; 32:e006523. [PMID: 37255181 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Considering the lack of studies on freshwater fishes of the genus Colomesus, we conducted a survey the parasite fauna of Colomesus tocantinensis collected from the Tocantins River, Brazil. We first recorded the presence of the ectoparasites Ergasilus colomesus and Lernaea sp. where 96.77% of the fish were parasitized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Michelan
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada - PGB, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Wagner Toshio Hasuike
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada - PGB, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Lidiany Doreto Cavalcanti
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Atsler Luana Lehun
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - João Otávio Santos Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada - PGB, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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