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Structural basis of DNA crossover capture by Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. Science 2024; 384:227-232. [PMID: 38603484 PMCID: PMC11108255 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
DNA supercoiling must be precisely regulated by topoisomerases to prevent DNA entanglement. The interaction of type IIA DNA topoisomerases with two DNA molecules, enabling the transport of one duplex through the transient double-stranded break of the other, remains elusive owing to structures derived solely from single linear duplex DNAs lacking topological constraints. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we solved the structure of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase bound to a negatively supercoiled minicircle DNA. We show how DNA gyrase captures a DNA crossover, revealing both conserved molecular grooves that accommodate the DNA helices. Together with molecular tweezer experiments, the structure shows that the DNA crossover is of positive chirality, reconciling the binding step of gyrase-mediated DNA relaxation and supercoiling in a single structure.
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Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Airport Sources and Their Effects on Ozone Production. TOXICS 2024; 12:243. [PMID: 38668466 PMCID: PMC11053784 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, commercial air transport has increased considerably. However, the compositions and source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from aircraft are still not clear. In this study, the characteristics of VOCs (including oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs)) emitted from airport sources were measured at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport. The results showed that the compositions and proportions of VOC species showed significant differences as the aircraft operating state changed. OVOCs were the dominant species and accounted for 63.17%, 58.44%, and 51.60% of the total VOC mass concentration during the taxiing, approach, and take-off stages. Propionaldehyde and acetone were the main OVOCs, and dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane were the main halohydrocarbons. Propane had the highest proportion among all alkanes, while toluene and benzene were the predominant aromatic hydrocarbons. Compared with the source profiles of VOCs from construction machinery, the proportions of halogenated hydrocarbons and alkanes emitted from aircraft were significantly higher, as were those of propionaldehyde and acetone. OVOCs were still the dominant VOC species in aircraft emissions, and their calculated ozone formation potential (OFP) was much higher than that of other VOC species at all stages of aircraft operations. Acetone, propionaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and ethylene were the greatest contributors to ozone production. This study comprehensively measured the distribution characteristics of VOCs, and its results will aid in the construction of a source profile inventory of VOCs emitted from aircraft sources in real atmospheric environments.
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Predicting subsolid pulmonary nodules before percutaneous needle biopsy: a comparison of artificial neural network and biopsy results. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e453-e461. [PMID: 38160104 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM To establish an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict subsolid nodules (SSNs) before percutaneous core-needle biopsy (PCNB). The results of the two methods were compared to provide guidance on the treatment of SSNs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-centre retrospective study using data from 1,459 SSNs between 2013 and 2021. The ANN was developed using data from patients who underwent surgery following computed tomography (CT) (SFC) and validated using data from patients who underwent surgery following biopsy (SFB). The prediction results of the ANN for the PCNB group and the histopathological results obtained after biopsy were compared with the histopathological results of lung nodules in the same group after surgery. Additionally, the choice of predictors for PCNB was analysed using multivariate analysis. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the accuracies of the ANN and PCNB in the SFB group (p=0.086). The sensitivity of PCNB was lower than that of the ANN (p=0.000), but the specificity was higher (p=0.001). PCNB had better diagnostic ability than the ANN. The incidence of precursor lesions and non-neoplastic lesions in the SFB group was lower than that in the SFC group (p=0.000). A history of malignant tumours, size (2-3 cm), volume (>400 cm3) and mean CT value (≥-450 HU) are important factors for selecting PCNB. CONCLUSIONS Both ANN and PCNB have comparable accuracy in diagnosing SSNs; however, PCNB has a slightly higher diagnostic ability than ANN. Selecting appropriate patients for PCNB is important for maximising the benefit to SSN patients.
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Observation on the aerosol and ozone precursors in suburban areas of Shenzhen and analysis of potential source based on MAX-DOAS. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 132:109-121. [PMID: 37336601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Long-term stereoscopic observations of aerosol, NO2, and HCHO were carried out at the Yangmeikeng (YMK) site in Shenzhen. Aerosol optical depths and NO2 vertical column concentration (NO2 VCD) derived from MAX-DOAS were found to be consistent with other datasets. The total NO2 VCD values of the site remained low, varying from 2 × 1015 to 8 × 1015 mol/cm2, while the HCHO VCD was higher than NO2 VCD, varying from 7 × 1015 to 11 × 1015 mol/cm2. HCHO VCD was higher from September to early November than that was from mid-late November to December and during February 2021, in contrast, NO2 VCD did not change much during the same period. In January, NO2 VCD and HCHO VCD were both fluctuating drastically. High temperature and HCHO level in the YMK site is not only driving the ozone production up but also may be driving up the ozone concentration as well, and the O3 production regime in the YMK site tends to be NOx-limited. At various altitudes, backward trajectory clustering analysis and Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) were utilized to identify possible NO2 and HCHO source locations. The results suggested that the Huizhou-Shanwei border and the Daya Bay Sea area were the key potential source locations in the lower (200 m) and middle (500 m) atmosphere (WPSCF > 0.6). The WPSCF value was high at the 1000 m altitude which was closer to the YMK site than the near ground, indicating that the pollution transport capability in the upper atmosphere was limited.
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[Characteristics of VOCs and Assessment of Emission Reduction Effect During the Epidemic Lockdown Period in Shenzhen Urban Area]. HUAN JING KE XUE= HUANJING KEXUE 2023; 44:3788-3796. [PMID: 37438278 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202207153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
To prevent disease spreading during the COVID-19 epidemic, Shenzhen adopted lockdown measures in March of 2022. This provided an opportunity to study the response of changes in anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) in Shenzhen to emission reduction and to evaluate the effectiveness of current emission reduction measures. This study analyzed the variety of AVOCs before, during, and after the epidemic lockdown based on the online observation data of pollutants at Lianhua Station in Shenzhen from March 7, 2022 to March 27, 2022. Additionally, the sensitivity of ozone formation and the assessment of the reduction effect of precursors was conducted by an observation based model(OBM). The results showed that:affected by regional influences and the interference of meteorological conditions, the average value of AVOCs in Shenzhen urban areas did not drop significantly during the lockdown period compared to that before the lockdown. However, the peak of AVOCs at the morning peak time under the influence of "sea and land wind" during the epidemic lockdown period dropped by 46% on average compared with that during the non-lockdown period, and the aromatic hydrocarbon component dropped the most by 59%. Additionally, under the influence of continuous easterly wind, or during the accumulation and increase of AVOCs affected by regional transmission, aromatic components also decreased by an average of 25% and 21%, respectively. During the lockdown period of the epidemic in Shenzhen, the O3 formation in urban areas was still AVOCs-limited. Increasing the emission reduction ratio of AVOCs was the most effective measure to reduce O3 in the short term. In order to ensure the effectiveness of emission reduction, it was recommended that the coordinated emission reduction ratio of AVOCs and NOx should be greater than 1:2. It was only possible to enter the downward channel of O3 if the deep emission reduction was more than 60%. This study revealed that the emission reduction of AVOCs during the morning traffic peak during the epidemic lockdown period was conducive to inhibiting the formation of O3, whereas the control of NOx would promote it. Strengthening the control of local aromatic hydrocarbon components during the regional impact process could also significantly reduce O3 production. At this stage, Shenzhen should strengthen the management and control of industrial solvents, especially to reduce the aromatic hydrocarbon components in the solvent source that have a greater impact on the generation of O3. Further, Shenzhen should continue to promote the reform of the energy structure of motor vehicles to reduce the emission of VOCs in fuel combustion.
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Evaluation and measurement of tropospheric glyoxal retrieved from MAX-DOAS in Shenzhen, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162727. [PMID: 36914139 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Glyoxal is one of the representative oxygenated volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. Its accurate measurement has high significance for the determination of VOC emission sources and the calculation of the global budget of secondary organic aerosol. We investigated the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of glyoxal through observations over a 23-day period. Sensitivity analysis of simulated and actual observed spectra revealed that the accuracy of glyoxal fitting is primarily controlled by the wavelength range selected. Within the range of 420-459 nm, the value calculated using the simulated spectra was 12.3 × 1014 molecules/cm2 lower than the actual value, and the results obtained using the actual spectra included a large number of negative values. Overall, the wavelength range has a far stronger influence than other parameters. The wavelength range of 420-459 nm (excluding 442-450 nm) is the most suitable because it ensures minimal influence from interference components in the same wavelength. Within this range, the calculated value of the simulated spectra is the closest to the actual value, with a deviation of only 0.89 × 1014 molecules/cm2. Therefore, the 420-459 nm range (excluding 442-450 nm) was selected for further observation experiments. The fourth polynomial order was used in DOAS fitting, and constant terms were used to correct the actual spectral offset. In the experiments, the glyoxal slant column density primarily ranged from -4 × 1015 molecules/cm2 to 8 × 1015 molecules/cm2, and the near-ground glyoxal concentration ranged from 0.02 to 0.71 ppb. Regarding the average daily variation cycle, high values of glyoxal were concentrated around noon, which was similar with UVB. This indicates that the formation of CHOCHO was related to the emission of biological VOCs. Glyoxal was concentrated below 500 m and the pollution height began to rise around 09:00 and reached the maximum value around 12:00, after which they declined.
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15MO Efficacy and ctDNA analysis in an updated cohort of patients with TRK fusion lung cancer treated with larotrectinib. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Lemborexant in Healthy Chinese Subjects. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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A cavitation performance prediction method for pumps: Part2-sensitivity and accuracy. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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[Pollution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Atmospheric VOCs in the Coastal Background of the Pearl River Delta]. HUAN JING KE XUE= HUANJING KEXUE 2021; 42:4191-4201. [PMID: 34414717 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202101155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As an important precursor of ozone, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have attracted much attention. This study analyzed the temporal variation and composition of atmospheric VOCs in the coastal background of the Pearl River Delta, using real-time online monitoring data of VOCs obtained at the Yangmeikeng Ecological Environment Monitoring Station from August 2019 to July 2020. The major sources of VOCs were identified using a receptor model based on the PMF (positive matrix factorization) and HYSPLIT (hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory) models. The results showed that the annual mean concentration of anthropogenic VOCs in the coastal background area of the Pearl River Delta was 9.30×10-9(volume fraction). There was obvious seasonal variation of VOCs in this area, with higher values in autumn and winter and lower values in summer. The coastal background area of the Pearl River Delta exhibited a different diurnal variation pattern to that of cities and other backgrounds. While the peak of VOCs concentration mainly occurred in the morning, from 10:00 to 11:00, concentration remained at a low level during the early morning and after 15:00. Ethylene, propylene, toluene, isopentane, isoprene, m/p-xylene, n-butane, and acetylene were the key species that affected the chemical composition of VOCs. The air masses affecting the coastal background area of the Pearl River Delta were mainly short-distance air masses from elsewhere in the province (25%), ocean air masses (27%), coastal air masses (31%), and inland air masses outside the province (17%). Among them, the average concentration of VOCs was lowest under the influence of ocean air masses, which is mainly affected by the mixed source of ship emissions and aging VOCs, gasoline volatilization, and vehicle emissions. In comparison, the concentration level of VOCs increased by 70.1% to 148.8% under the influence of other air masses. The transmission effects of industrial sources, LNG and LPG volatiles, and petrochemical sources were more prominent. Generally, the atmosphere of coastal background areas was severely affected by anthropogenic pollution, especially by air pollution masses transported from the land, while the impact of pollution by ships near shore and tourist traffic cannot be ignored.
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Potential application values of a marine red yeast, Rhodosporidiums sphaerocarpum YLY01, in aquaculture and tail water treatment assessed by the removal of ammonia nitrogen, the inhibition to Vibrio spp., and nutrient composition. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246841. [PMID: 33592044 PMCID: PMC7886173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, marine red yeasts have been increasingly used as feed diets for larviculture of aquatic animals mainly due to their rich nutrition and immunopotentiation, however little attention is given to their other probiotic profits. In this study, a marine red yeast strain YLY01 was isolated and purified from farming water and it was identified as a member of Rhodosporidiums sphaerocarpum by the phylogeny based on 18S rDNA sequence. The strain YLY01 could effectively remove ammonia nitrogen from an initial 9.8 mg/L to 1.3 mg/L in 48 h when supplemented with slight yeast extract and glucose in water samples and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was up to 86%. Shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) in experimental group incubated with the yeast YLY01 exhibited a higher survival rate than those in blank control group and positive control group challenged by Vibrio harveyi, and it manifested that the strain has high biosecurity to at least shrimps. The strain YLY01 could inhibit the growth of Vibrio cells when a small quantity of carbon source was added into farming water. In addition, a nutrition composition assay showed the contents of protein, fatty acids, and total carotenoids of the yeast YLY01 were 30.3%, 3.2%, and 1.2 mg/g of dry cell weight, respectively. All these results indicated that the marine red yeast YLY01 has a great potential to be used as a versatile probiotic in aquaculture and to be developed as a microbial agent for high-ammonia tail water treatment.
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A cavitation performance prediction method for pumps PART1-Proposal and feasibility. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula therapy on lung recruitment and overdistension in high-risk patient. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2020; 24:82. [PMID: 32143664 PMCID: PMC7060646 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-2809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Postextubation high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is used as a support therapy in high-risk patients in ICU. This study aimed to determine the effects of HFNC therapy on lung recruitment and overdistension assessed by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Methods Twenty-four patients who received HFNC within 24 h after extubation were prospectively enrolled in this study. EIT was used to monitor regional lung ventilation distributions at baseline (conventional oxygen therapy) and three flow rate levels of HFNC therapy (20, 40, and 60 L/min). Change of end-expiratory lung impedance (ΔEELI), regional recruitment (recruited-pixels) and overdistension (overdistended-pixels), and lung strain change were determined by EIT. EIT images were equally divided into four ventral-to-dorsal horizontal regions of interest (ROIs 1, 2, 3, and 4). “Overdistension-by HFNC” due to HFNC is defined as an increase of overdistened-pixels > 10 than baseline. Patients were divided into two groups: (1) high potential of recruitment (HPR), recruited-pixels > 10 pixels at 60 L/min than baseline, and (2) low potential of recruitment (LPR), recruited-pixels < 10 pixels at 60 L/min than baseline. Results When the flow rate gradually increased from baseline to 60 L/min, a significant and consistent increasing trend of global ΔEELI (%) (p < 0.0001), recruited-pixels (p < 0.001), and overdistended-pixels (p = 0.101) was observed. Moreover, the increase of ΔEELI was mainly distributed in ROI2 (p = 0.001) and ROI3 (p < 0.0001). The HPR group (13/24 patients) had significantly higher recruited-pixels than the LPR group (11/24 patients) at 20, 40, and 60 L/min. There were no significant differences in PaO2/FiO2, ΔEELI (%), and overdistention pixels between the two groups. The HPR group had 13 patients in which no one had “overdistension-by HFNC”, and the LPR group had 11 patients in which 4 patients had “overdistension-by HFNC” (0/13 vs. 4/11, p = 0.017). Conclusions Using EIT could identify diverse effects of HFNC on lung regional ventilation in postextubation situations. Further study is required to validate using “HFNC effect” based on lung recruitment and overdistension by EIT in clinical practice. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (no. NCT04245241).
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The chicken gut metagenome and the modulatory effects of plant-derived benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. MICROBIOME 2018; 6:211. [PMID: 30482240 PMCID: PMC6260706 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-therapeutic antibiotics are widely used as growth promoters in the poultry industry; however, the resulting antibiotic resistance threatens public health. A plant-derived growth promoter, Macleaya cordata extract (MCE), with effective ingredients of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, is a potential alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. Altered intestinal microbiota play important roles in growth promotion, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. RESULTS We generated 1.64 terabases of metagenomic data from 495 chicken intestinal digesta samples and constructed a comprehensive chicken gut microbial gene catalog (9.04 million genes), which is also the first gene catalog of an animal's gut microbiome that covers all intestinal compartments. Then, we identified the distinctive characteristics and temporal changes in the foregut and hindgut microbiota. Next, we assessed the impact of MCE on chickens and gut microbiota. Chickens fed with MCE had improved growth performance, and major microbial changes were confined to the foregut, with the predominant role of Lactobacillus being enhanced, and the amino acids, vitamins, and secondary bile acids biosynthesis pathways being upregulated, but lacked the accumulation of antibiotic-resistance genes. In comparison, treatment with chlortetracycline similarly enriched some biosynthesis pathways of nutrients in the foregut microbiota, but elicited an increase in antibiotic-producing bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes. CONCLUSION The reference gene catalog of the chicken gut microbiome is an important supplement to animal gut metagenomes. Metagenomic analysis provides insights into the growth-promoting mechanism of MCE, and underscored the importance of utilizing safe and effective growth promoters.
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Complete genomic sequence of the Vibrio alginolyticus bacteriophage Vp670 and characterization of the lysis-related genes, cwlQ and holA. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:741. [PMID: 30305030 PMCID: PMC6180450 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biocontrol of bacterial pathogens by bacteriophages (phages) represents a promising strategy. Vibrio alginolyticus, a gram-negative bacterium, is a notorious pathogen responsible for the loss of economically important farmed marine animals. To date, few V. alginolyticus phages have been successfully isolated, and only three complete genome sequences of them have been released. The limited available phage resources and poor genomic data hamper research on V. alginolyticus phages and their applications for the biocontrol of V. alginolyticus. Results We isolated a phage, Vp670, against the V. alginolyticus strain E06333 and obtained its full genomic sequence. It contains 43,121 nucleotides with a GC content of 43.4%, and codes for 49 predicted open reading frames. Observation by electron microscope combined with phylogenetic analysis of DNA polymerase indicates that Vp670 belongs to the subfamily Autographivirinae in the family Podoviridae. orf3 (designated holA) and orf8 (designated cwlQ) are predicted to encode a holin (HolA) and an endolysin (CwlQ), respectively. Expression of holA alone or coexpression of holA and cwlQ from within arrested the growth of Escherichia coli and V. alginolyticus while the expression of cwlQ alone had no effect on the growth of them. Further observation by transmission electron microscopy revealed that the expression of holA vanished the outer membrane and caused the release of cellular contents of V. alginolyticus and the coexpression of holA and cwlQ directly burst the cells and caused a more drastic release of cellular contents. Expression of cwlQ alone in V. alginolyticus did not cause cytomorphological changes. Conclusions Phage Vp670 is a V. alginolyticus phage belonging to the family of Podoviridae. The genome of Vp670 contains a two-component lysis module, which is comprised of holA and cwlQ. holA is predicted to encode for the holin protein, HolA, and cwlQ is predicted to encode for the endolysin protein, CwlQ. Both holA and cwlQ likely play important roles during the release of phage progeny. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5131-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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A fibrinogen-related protein, LvFREP2, from Litopenaeus vannamei facilitates the clearance of Vibrio harveyi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:364-371. [PMID: 29729961 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs) play a crucial role in invertebrate immune response. In this study, we acquired a novel fibrinogen-related protein gene in Litopenaeus vannamei coding for one kind of fibrinogen-related protein, designated as LvFREP2. The complete cDNA sequence of LvFREP2 was 1903 bp long, containing an open reading frame of 1479 bp coding for LvFREP2. The LvFREP2 protein contained a putative signal peptide and a fibrinogen-related protein domain. qRT-PCRs indicated that LvFREP2 mRNA ubiquitously distributed in all examined tissues, and it was up-regulated in gills after V. harveyi and LPS challenges. The recombinant LvFREP2 agglutinated Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus, V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens) in a calcium-dependent manner. LvFREP2 also facilitated the clearance of Vibrio harveyi in vivo. Therefore, our results suggested that lvFREP2 may have important roles in the anti-bacterial immunity of L. vannamei.
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Strand-specific RNA-Seq analysis provides first insight into transcriptome response of Vibrio alginolyticus to phage infection. Mar Genomics 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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A new L-type lectin (LvLTLC1) from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei facilitates the clearance of Vibrio harveyi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 73:185-191. [PMID: 29246810 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
According to structures and functions of lectins found in shrimp, they are classified into seven types, namely, L-type, C-type, P-type, M-type, galectins, fibrinogen-like domain lectins, and calnexin/calreticulin. Until now, the researches of shrimp lectins are mainly focused on C-type lectins. In this study, we identified a new L-type lectin, designated as LvLTLC1, from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The cDNA of LvLTLC1 is 1184 bp with an open reading frame of 990 bp encoding a protein of 329 amino acids. The LvLTLC1 protein contained a putative signal peptide, an L-type lectin-like domain, and a transmembrane helix region. Phylogenetic analysis showed that LvLTLC1 belonged to VIP36-like family. LvLTLC1 was expressed in all examined tissues but had higher expression level in gills and hepatopancreas than other tissues. LvLTLC1 expression was up-regulated after immune challenge by Vibrio harveyi and lipopolysaccharide. The recombinant LvLTLC1 agglutinated Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens) in a calcium-independent manner. Recombinant LvLTLC1 exerted the ability of enhancing the clearance of V. harveyi injected in shrimp. Our results indicated that LvLTLC1 functions in anti-pathogen innate immunity of shrimp.
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Development and Implementation of Quality Measures for the Survey Based Performance Assessment of Radiation Therapy in the VA. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Artificial breeding and culture of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae in China. INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2017.1315342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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A population-based assessment of primary care visits during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:90-94. [PMID: 28490922 DOI: 10.3747/co.24.3431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We used administrative health data to explore the impact of primary care physician (pcp) visits on acute-care service utilization by women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer (ebc). METHODS Our population-based retrospective cohort study examined pcp visits and acute-care use [defined as an emergency room (er) visit or hospitalization] by women diagnosed with ebc between 2007 and 2009 and treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify the effect of pcp visits on the likelihood of experiencing an acute-care visit. RESULTS Patients receiving chemotherapy visited a pcp significantly more frequently than they had before their diagnosis [relative risk (rr): 1.48; 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.44 to 1.53; p < 0.001] and significantly more frequently than control subjects without cancer (rr: 1.51; 95% ci: 1.46 to 1.57; p < 0.001). More than one third of pcp visits by chemotherapy patients were related to breast cancer or chemotherapy-related side effects. In adjusted multivariate analyses, the likelihood of experiencing an er visit or hospitalization increased in the days immediately after a pcp visit (rr: 1.92; 95% ci: 1.76 to 2.10; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS During chemotherapy treatment, patients visited their pcp more frequently than control subjects did, and they visited for reasons related to their breast cancer or to chemotherapy-related side effects. Visits to a pcp by patients receiving chemotherapy were associated with an increased frequency of er visits or hospitalizations in the days immediately after the pcp visit. Those results suggest an opportunity to institute measures for early detection and intervention in chemotherapy side effects.
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A centrally generated primary care physician audit report does not improve colonoscopy uptake after a positive result on a fecal occult blood test in Ontario's ColonCancerCheck program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:47-51. [PMID: 28270725 DOI: 10.3747/co.24.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely follow-up of fecal occult blood screening with colonoscopy is essential for achieving colorectal cancer mortality reduction. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of centrally generated, physician-targeted audit and feedback to improve colonoscopy uptake after a positive fecal occult blood test (fobt) result within Ontario's population-wide ColonCancerCheck Program. METHODS This prospective cohort study used data sets from Ontario's ColonCancerCheck Program (2008-2011) that were linked to provincial administrative health databases. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the effect of centralized, physician-targeted audit and feedback on colonoscopy uptake in an Ontario-wide fobt-positive cohort. RESULTS A mailed physician audit and feedback report identifying individuals outstanding for colonoscopy for 3 or more months after a positive fobt result did not increase the likelihood of colonoscopy uptake (hazard ratio: 0.95; 95% confidence interval: 0.79 to 1.13). Duration of positive fobt status was strongly inversely associated with the hazard of follow-up colonoscopy (p for linear trend: <0.001). CONCLUSIONS In a large population-wide setting, centralized tracking in the form of physician-targeted mailed audit and feedback reports does not improve colonoscopy uptake for screening participants with a positive fobt result outstanding for 3 or more months. Mailed physician-targeted screening audit and feedback reports alone are unlikely to improve compliance with follow-up colonoscopy in Ontario. Other interventions such as physician audits or automatic referrals, demonstrated to be effective in other jurisdictions, might be warranted.
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435 Autocrine IFN-k maintains baseline type I interferon responses in keratinocytes in a Tyk2 dependent manner. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
We hypothesized that not all patients with appreciably recruited lung tissue during a recruitment maneuver (RM) show significant improvement of oxygenation. In the present study, we combined electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with oxygenation measurements to examine the discrepancies of lung ventilation and perfusion versus oxygenation after RM.A 2-minute RM (20 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] + 20 cm H2O pressure control) was prospectively conducted in 20 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients from January 2014 to December 2014. A decremental PEEP trial was performed to select the PEEP level after RM. A positive response to RM was identified as PaO2 + PaCO2 ≥400 mm Hg. Relative differences in the distribution of ventilation and perfusion in the most dependent region of interest (ROI4) were monitored with EIT and denoted as the ventilation-perfusion index.Ten patients were found to be responders and 10 patients to be nonresponders. No significant difference in baseline PaO2/FiO2 was observed between nonresponders and responders. A significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio during RM and higher PEEP set after PEEP titration were recorded in responders. In both responders and nonresponders, the proportion of ventilation distributed in ROI4 compared with the global value was lower than the cardiac-related activity before RM, but this situation was reversed after RM (P < 0.01 in each group). Six out of 10 nonresponders exhibited a remarkable increase in ventilation in ROI4. A significant difference in the relative ventilation-perfusion index was found between the patients with remarkable and insufficient lung tissue reopening in the nonresponder group (P < 0.01).A discrepancy between lung tissue reopening and oxygenation improvement after RM was observed. EIT has the potential to evaluate the efficacy of RM by combining oxygenation measurements.
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Phylogenetic studies of two Anas platyrhynchos (Anatini: Anatinae) in Hunan province of China based on complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2015; 27:2462-3. [PMID: 26057008 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1033698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we cloned and sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNAs of Chinese duck, Anas platyrhynchos, population from two different areas of Hunan province in China. The Anas platyrhynchos breed Linwu duck (LW) sample was taken from the Linwu county of Chenzhou city, and the Anas platyrhynchos breed Youxian duck (YX) sample was taken from the Youxian county of Zhuzhou city. The lengths of their complete mitochondrial genome were 16,604 bp (LW) and 16,606 bp (YX), respectively. The organization of the two Anas platyrhynchos breed mitochondrial genomes was similar to those reported from other duck mitochondrial genomes. Phylogenetic analyses using N-J computational algorithms showed that the analyzed species are divided into four major clades: Anatinae, Anserinae, Dendrocygninae and Anseranatidae. Also, the Linwu duck and Youxian duck have highly similar phylogenetic relationship.
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Changes in end-tidal CO2 could predict fluid responsiveness in the passive leg raising test but not in the mini-fluid challenge test: A prospective and observational study. J Crit Care 2015; 30:1061-6. [PMID: 26140954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to explore the value of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) in replacing cardiac index for evaluating fluid responsiveness during the passive leg raising (PLR) test and mini-fluid challenge (mini-FC). METHODS Patients experiencing septic shock and who were on mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit were divided into responder and nonresponder groups according to whether their cardiac index increased by more than 10% after the FC. Before and after those tests, the changes in ETCO2, central venous pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, and cardiac output were recorded. RESULTS Of the 48 patients in the study, 34 had fluid responsiveness according to the changes in cardiac output or stroke volume. The ΔCI and ΔETCO2 in the responder group were larger than the changes in the nonresponder group during the PLR test (1.1 ± 0.7 vs 0.2 ± 0.4 L/min per square meter, 3.0 ± 3.0 vs 0.5 ± 2.5 mm Hg; P < .05) but not during mini-FC. ΔETCO2 greater than or equal to 5% during the PLR test predicted fluid responsiveness with 93.4% specificity and 75.8% sensitivity in a receiver operating characteristic curve. The area under the curve was 0.849 (95% confidence interval, 0.739-0.930). ΔETCO2 greater than or equal to 3% during the mini-FC predicted fluid responsiveness with 93.4% specificity and 33.3% sensitivity in a receiver operating characteristic curve, and the area under the curve was 0.781 (95% confidence interval, 0.646-0.915). CONCLUSIONS The changes in ETCO2 may predict fluid responsiveness during the PLR test in patients with septic shock, but similar results were not found with the mini-FC.
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Abstract
Wugangtong white goose is one of the famous native breed in Hunan province of China. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Wugangtong white goose was reported in Hunan Province first, which was determined through PCR-based method. The total length of the mitogenome is 16,741 bp. It contains the typical structure, including 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and 1 non-coding control region (D-loop region) as that of most other vertebrates. The overall composition of the mitogenome was estimated to be 30.22% for A, 22.69% for T, 32.02% for C and 15.06% for G. All the protein initiation codons are ATG, except for COX1, COX2 and ND5 are GTG, ND6 is CTA. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Wugangtong white goose will provide an important data set for the study in genetic mechanism of Wugangtong goose in Hunan province.
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Impact of socio-economic status on breast cancer screening in women with diabetes: a population-based study. Diabet Med 2014; 31:806-12. [PMID: 24588332 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is evidence to suggest that mammography rates are decreased in women with diabetes and in women of lower socio-economic status. Given the strong association between low socio-economic status and diabetes, we explored the extent to which differences in socio-economic status explain lower mammography rates in women with diabetes. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada, of women aged 50 to 69 years with diabetes between 1999 and 2010 age matched 1:2 to women without diabetes. Main outcome measure is the likelihood of at least one screening mammogram in women with diabetes within a 36-month period, starting as of either 1 January 1999, their 50th birthday, or 2 years after diabetes diagnosis--whichever came last. Outcomes were compared with those in women without diabetes during the same period as their matched counterparts, adjusting for socio-economic status based on neighbourhood income and other demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS Of 504,288 women studied (188,759 with diabetes, 315,529 with no diabetes), 63.8% had a screening mammogram. Women with diabetes were significantly less likely to have a mammogram after adjustment for socio-economic status and other factors (odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.78-0.80). Diabetes was associated with lower mammogram use even in women from the highest socio-economic status quintile (odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.75-0.83). CONCLUSIONS The presence of diabetes was an independent barrier to breast cancer screening, which was not explained by differences in socio-economic status. Interventions that target patient, provider, and health system factors are needed to improve cancer screening in this population.
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Determination and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Wugangtong grey goose. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2014; 27:1008-9. [PMID: 24960565 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.926527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA plays an important role in living organisms. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Wugangtong grey goose was reported in Human Province first, which was determined through PCR-based method. The total length of the mitogenome is 16,740 bp. It contains the typical structure, including 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and 1 non-coding control region (D-loop region) as that of most other vertebrates. The overall composition of the mitogenome was estimated to be 30.22% for A, 22.67% for T, 32.05% for C and 15.07% for G. All the protein initiation codons are ATG, except for COX1, COX2 and ND5 are GTG, ND6 is CTA. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Wugangtong grey goose will provides an important data set for the study in genetic mechanism of goose in Hunan province.
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Simultaneous picosecond and femtosecond solitons delivered from a nanotube-mode-locked all-fiber laser. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:1565-1568. [PMID: 24690839 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.001565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose a compact nanotube-mode-locked all-fiber laser that can simultaneously generate picosecond and femtosecond solitons at different wavelengths. The pulse durations of picosecond and femtosecond solitons are measured to be ∼10.6 ps and ∼466 fs, respectively. Numerical results agree well with the experimental observations and clearly reveal that the dynamic evolutions of the picosecond and femtosecond solitons are qualitatively distinct in the intracavity. Our study presents a simple, stable, low-cost, and dual-scale ultrafast-pulsed laser source suitable for practical applications in optical communications.
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The Preliminary Study for Detecting Hypoxia With PET Imaging In Situ Using 45MV X-ray Photonuclear Reaction 16O(γ, N)15O in Tumor. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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SU-E-J-48: A New High Energy X-Ray Imaging Mode for Position Verification in Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Evidence is emerging of an association between breast cancer and diabetes; however, it is uncertain whether diabetes incidence is increased in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors compared with women without breast cancer. The objective of this study was to determine whether postmenopausal women who develop breast cancer have a higher incidence of diabetes than those who do not develop breast cancer. METHODS We used population-based data from Ontario, Canada to compare the incidence of diabetes among women with breast cancer, aged 55 years or older, from 1996 to 2008, with that of age-matched women without breast cancer. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the effect of breast cancer on the cause-specific hazard of developing diabetes overall and in the subgroup of women who received adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS Of 24,976 breast cancer survivors and 124,880 controls, 9.7% developed diabetes over a mean follow-up of 5.8 years. The risk of diabetes among breast cancer survivors compared with women without breast cancer began to increase 2 years after diagnosis (HR 1.07 [95% CI, 1.02, 1.12]), and rose to an HR of 1.21 (95% CI, 1.09, 1.35) after 10 years. Among those who received adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 4,404), risk was highest in the first 2 years after diagnosis (HR 1.24 [95% CI 1.12, 1.38]) and then declined. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We found a modest increase in the incidence of diabetes among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors that varied over time. In most women the risk began to increase 2 years after cancer diagnosis but the highest risk was in the first 2 years in those who received adjuvant therapy. Our study suggests that greater diabetes screening and prevention strategies among breast cancer survivors may be warranted.
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Canadian Surgery Forum1 Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy a reasonable stand-alone procedure for super morbidly obese patients?2 Postoperative monitoring requirements of patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing bariatric surgery3 Role of relaparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of bariatric complications in the early postoperative period4 Changes of active and total ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY following restrictive bariatric surgery and their impact on satiety: comparison of sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding5 Prioritization and willingness to pay for bariatric surgery: the patient perspective6 Ventral hernia at the time of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery: Should it be repaired?7 Linear stapled gastrojejunostomy with transverse handsewn enterotomy closure significantly reduces strictures for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y bypass8 Laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch as second stage for super super morbidly obese patients. Do all patients benefit?9 Sleeve gastrectomy in the super super morbidly obese (BMI > 60 kg/m2): a Canadian experience10 Laparoscopic gastric bypass for the treatment of refractory idiopathic gastroparesis: a report of 2 cases11 Duodeno-ileal switch as a primary bariatric and metabolic surgical option for the severely obese patient with comorbidities: review of a single-institution case series of duodeno-ileal intestinal bypass12 Management of large paraesophageal hernias in morbidly obese patients with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a case series13 Early results of the Ontario bariatric surgical program: using the bariatric registry14 Improving access to bariatric surgical care: Is universal health care the answer?15 Early and liberal postoperative exploration can reduce morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing bariatric surgery16 Withdrawn17 Identification and assessment of technical errors in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass18 A valid and reliable tool for assessment of surgical skill in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass19 Psychiatric predictors of presurgery drop-out following suitability assessment for bariatric surgery20 Predictors of outcomes following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery at The Ottawa Hospital21 Prophylactic management of cholelithiasis in bariatric patients: Is routine cholecystectomy warranted?22 Early outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in a publicly funded obesity program23 Similar incidence of gastrojejunal anastomotic stricture formation with hand-sewn and 21 mm circular stapler techniques during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass24 (CAGS Basic Science Award) Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 improves clinical, morphological and histological outcomes of intestinal adaptation in a distal-intestinal resection piglet model of short bowel syndrome25 (CAGS Clinical Research Award) Development and validation of a comprehensive curriculum to teach an advanced minimally invasive procedure: a randomized controlled trial26 Negative-pressure wound therapy (iVAC) on closed, high-risk incisions following abdominal wall reconstruction27 The impact of seed granting on research in the University of British Columbia Department of Surgery28 Quality of surgical care is inadequate for elderly patients29 Recurrence of inguinal hernia in general and hernia specialty hospitals in Ontario, Canada30 Oncostatin M receptor deficiency results in increased mortality in an intestinal ischemia reperfusion model in mice31 Laparoscopic repair of large paraesophageal hernias with anterior gastropexy: a multicentre trial32 Response to preoperative medical therapy predicts success of laparoscopic splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura33 Perioperative sepsis, but not hemorrhagic shock, promotes the development of cancer metastases in a murine model34 Measuring the impact of implementing an acute care surgery service on the management of acute biliary disease35 Patient flow and efficiency in an acute care surgery service36 The relationship between treatment factors and postoperative complications after radical surgery for rectal cancer37 Risk of ventral hernia after laparoscopic colon surgery38 Urinary metabolomics as a tool for early detection of Barrett’s and esophageal cancer39 Construct validity of individual and summary performance metrics associated with a computer-based laparo-scopic simulator40 Impact of a city-wide health system reorganization on emergency department visits in hospitals in surrounding communities41 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for the nonoperative management of aortic stenosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis42 Breast cancer: racial differences in age of onset. A potential confounder in Canadian screening recommendations43 Risk taking in surgery: in and out of the comfort zone44 A tumour board in the office: Track those cancer patients!45 Increased patient BMI is not associated with advanced colon cancer stage or grade on presentation: a retrospective chart review46 Consensus statements regarding the multidisciplinary care of limb amputation patients in disasters or humanitarian emergencies. Report of the 2011 Humanitarian Action Summit Surgical Working Group on amputations following disasters or conflict47 Learning the CanMEDS role of professional: a pilot project of supervised discussion groups addressing the hidden curriculum48 Assessing the changing scope of training in Canadian general surgery programs: expected versus actual experience49 Predicting need for surgical management for massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage50 International health care experience: using CanMEDS to evaluate learning outcomes following a surgical mission in Mampong, Ghana51 The open abdomen: risk factors for mortality and rates of closure52 How surgeons think: an exploration of mental practice in surgical preparation53 The surgery wiki: a novel method for delivery of under-graduate surgical education54 Understanding surgical residents’ postoperative practices before implementing an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guideline at the University of Toronto55 From laparoscopic transabdominal to posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy: a paradigm shift in operative approach56 A retrospective audit of outcomes in patients over the age of 80 undergoing acute care abdominal surgery57 Canadian general surgery residents’ perspectives on work-hour regulations58 Timing of surgical intervention and its outcomes in acute appendicitis59 Preparing surgical trainees to deal with adverse events. An outline of learning issues60 Acute care surgical service: surgeon agreement at the time of handover61 Predicting discharge of elderly patients to prehospitalization residence following emergency general surgery62 Morbidity and mortality after emergency abdominal surgery in octo- and nonagenarians63 The impact of acute abdominal illness and urgent admission to hospital on the living situation of elderly patients64 A comparison of laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for antral gastric adenocarcinoma: a North American perspective65 Minimally invasive excision of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenomas66 Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic hernia repair in a tertiary care centre: a single institution’s experience67 Evaluation of a student-run, practical and didactic curriculum for preclerkship medical students68 Joseph Lister: Father of Modern Surgery69 Comparisons of melanoma sentinel lymph node biopsy prediction nomograms in a cohort of Canadian patients70 Local experience with myocutaneous flaps after extensive pelvic surgery71 The treatment of noncirrhotic splanchnic vein thrombosis: Is anticoagulation enough?72 Implementation of an acute care surgery service does not affect wait-times for elective cancer surgeries: an institutional experience73 Use of human collagen mesh for closure of a large abdominal wall defect, after colon cancer surgery, a case report74 The role of miR-200b in pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia75 Systematic review and meta-analysis of electrocautery versus scalpel for incising epidermis and dermis76 Accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy for early breast cancer in the community setting in St. John’s, New-foundland: results of a retrospective review77 Acute surgical outcomes in the 80 plus population78 The liberal use of platelets transfusions in the acute phase of trauma resuscitation: a systematic review79 Implementation of an acute care surgical on call program in a Canadian community hospital80 Short-term outcomes following paraesophageal hernia repair in the elderly patient81 First experience with single incision surgery: feasibility in the pediatric population and cost evaluation82 The impact of the establishment of an acute care surgery unit on the outcomes of appendectomies and cholecystectomies83 Description and preliminary evaluation of a low-cost simulator for training and evaluation of flexible endoscopic skills84 Tumour lysis syndrome in metastatic colon cancer: a case report85 Acute care surgery service model implementation study at a single institution86 Colonic disasters approached by emergent subtotal and total colectomy: lessons learned from 120 consecutive cases87 Acellular collagen matrix stent to protect bowel anastomoses88 Lessons we learned from preoperative MRI-guided wire localization of breast lesions: the University Health Network (UHN) experience89 Interim cost comparison for the use of platinum micro-coils in the operative localization of small peripheral lung nodules90 Routine barium esophagram has minimal impact on the postoperative management of patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer91 Iron deficiency anemia is a common presenting issue with giant paraesophageal hernia and resolves following repair92 A randomized comparison of different ventilation strategies during thoracotomy and lung resection93 The Canadian Lung Volume Reduction Surgery study: an 8-year follow-up94 A comparison of minimally invasive versus open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy95 A new paradigm in the follow-up after curative resection for lung cancer: minimal-dose CT scan allows for early detection of asymptomatic cancer activity96 Predictors of lymph node metastasis in early esophageal adenocarcinoma: Is endoscopic resection worth the risk?97 How well can thoracic surgery residents operate? Comparing resident and program director opinions98 The impact of extremes of age on short- and long-term outcomes following surgical resection of esophageal malignancy99 Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted gold nanoparticles for the enhanced radiation treatment of non–small cell lung cancer100 Laparoscopic Heller myotomy results in excellent outcomes in all subtypes of achalasia as defined by the Chicago classification101 Neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus surgery in managing esophageal cancer102 Quality of life postesophagectomy for cancer!103 The implementation, evolution and translocation of standardized clinical pathways can improve perioperative outcomes following surgical treatment of esophageal cancer104 A tissue-mimicking phantom for applications in thoracic surgical simulation105 Sublobar resection compared with lobectomy for early stage non–small cell lung cancer: a single institution study106 Not all reviews are equal: the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in thoracic surgery107 Do postoperative complications affect health-related quality of life after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for patients with lung cancer? A cohort study108 Thoracoscopic plication for palliation of dyspnea secondary to unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis: A worthwhile venture?109 Thoracic surgery experience in Canadian general surgery residency programs110 Perioperative morbidity and pathologic response rates following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma111 An enhanced recovery pathway reduces length of stay after esophagectomy112 Predictors of dysplastic and neoplastic progression of Barrett’s esophagus113 Recurrent esophageal cancer complicated by tracheoesophageal fistula: management by means of palliative airway stenting114 Pancreaticopleural fistula-induced empyema thoracis: principles and results of surgical management115 Prognostic factors of early postoperative mortality following right extended hepatectomy116 Optimizing steatotic livers for transplantation using a cell-penetrating peptide CPP-fused heme oxygenase117 Video outlining the technical steps for a robot-assisted laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy118 Establishment of a collaborative group to conduct innovative clinical trials in Canada119 Hepatic resection for metastatic malignant melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis120 Acellular normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion for donor liver preservation121 Pancreatic cancer and predictors of survival: comparing the CA 19–9/bilirubin ratio with the McGill Brisbane Scoring System122 Staged liver resections for bilobar hepatic colorectal metastases: a single centre experience123 Economic model of observation versus immediate resection of hepatic adenomas124 Resection of colorectal liver metastasis in the elderly125 Acceptable long-term survival in patients undergoing liver resection for metastases from noncolorectal, non-neuroendocrine, nonsarcoma malignancies126 Patient and clinicopathological features and prognosis of CK19+ hepatocellular carcinomas: a case–control study127 The management of blunt hepatic trauma in the age of angioembolization: a single centre experience128 Liver resections for noncolorectal and non-neuroendocrine metastases: an evaluation of oncologic outcomes129 Developing an evidence-based clinical pathway for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy130 Hepatitis C infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant: a 20 year experience131 The effect of medication on the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis132 Temporal trends in the use of diagnostic imaging for patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) conditions: How much ionizing radiation are we really using?196 A phase II study of aggressive metastasectomy for intra-and extrahepatic metastases from colorectal cancer133 Why do women choose mastectomy for breast cancer treatment? A conceptual framework for understanding surgical decision-making in early-stage breast cancer134 Synoptic operative reporting: documentation of quality of care data for rectal cancer surgery135 Learning curve analysis for cytoreductive surgery: a useful application of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method136 Pancreatic cancer is strongly associated with a unique urinary metabolomic signature137 Concurrent neoadjuvant chemo/radiation in locally advanced breast cancer138 Impact of positron emission tomography on clinical staging of newly diagnosed rectal cancer: a specialized single centre retrospective study139 An evaluation of intraoperative Faxitron microradiography versus conventional specimen radiography for the excision of nonpalpable breast lesions140 Comparison of breast cancer treatment wait-times in the Southern Interior of British Columbia in 2006 and 2010141 Factors affecting lymph nodes harvest in colorectal carcinoma142 Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases143 You have a message! Social networking as a motivator for fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) training144 The evaluation and validation of a rapid diagnostic and support clinic for women assessment for breast cancer145 Oncoplastic breast surgery: oncologic benefits and limitations146 A qualitative study on rectal cancer patients’ preferences for location of surgical care147 The effect of surgery on local recurrence in young women with breast cancer148 Elevated IL-6 and IL-8 levels in tumour microenvironment is not associated with increased serum levels in humans with Pseudomyxoma peritonei and peritoneal mesothelioma149 Conversion from laparoscopic to open approach during gastrectomy: a population-based analysis150 A scoping review of surgical process improvement tools (SPITs) in cancer surgery151 Splenectomy during gastric cancer surgery: a population-based study152 Defining the polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) interactome in cancer cell protrusions153 Neoadjuvant imatinib mesylate for locally advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours154 Implementing results from ACOSOG Z0011: Practice-changing or practice-affirming?155 Should lymph node retrieval be a surgical quality indicator in colon cancer?156 Long-term outcomes following resection of retroperitoneal recurrence of colorectal cancer157 Clinical research in surgical oncology: an analysis of clinicaltrials.gov158 Radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery: When are we missing the mark?159 The accuracy of endorectal ultrasound in staging rectal lesions in patients undergoing transanal endoscopic microsurgery160 Quality improvement in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: expert panel recommendations for priority research areas161 Factors influencing the quality of local management of ductal carcinoma in situ: a cohort study162 Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Does size matter?163 Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for extremity soft tissue sarcomas: systematic review of clinical efficacy and quality assessment of reported trials164 Adherence to antiestrogen therapy in seniors with breast cancer: How well are we doing?165 Parathyroid carcinoma: Challenging the surgical dogma?166 A qualitative assessment of the journey to delayed breast reconstruction195 The role of yoga therapy in breast cancer patients167 Outcomes reported in comparative studies of surgical interventions168 Enhanced recovery pathways decrease length of stay following colorectal surgery, but how quickly do patients actually recover?169 The impact of complications on bed utilization after elective colorectal resection170 Impact of trimodal prehabilitation program on functional recovery after colorectal cancer surgery: a pilot study171 Complex fistula-in-ano: Should the plug be abandoned in favour of the LIFT or BioLIFT?172 Prognostic utility of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by colon and rectal cancer173 Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision provides acceptable perioperative outcomes but is complex and time-consuming: analysis of learning curves for a novice minimally invasive surgeon174 Intraoperative quality assessment following double stapled circular colorectal anastomosis175 Improving patient outcomes through quality assessment of rectal cancer care176 Are physicians willing to accept a decrease in treatment effectiveness for improved functional outcomes for low rectal cancer?177 Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis for the treatment of distal rectal cancer: a prospective cohort study178 Preoperative high-dose rate brachytherapy in preparation for sphincter preservation surgery for patients with advanced cancer of the lower rectum179 Impact of an enhanced recovery program on short-term outcomes after scheduled laparoscopic colon resection180 The clinical results of the Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis: a systematic review181 Is a vertical rectus abdominus flap (VRAM) necessary? An analysis of perineal wound complications182 Fistula plug versus endorectal anal advancement flap for the treatment of high transsphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis183 Maternal and neonatal outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery184 Transanal drainage to treat anastomotic leaks after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a valuable option185 Trends in colon cancer in Ontario: 2002–2009186 Validation of electronically derived short-term outcomes in colorectal surgery187 A population-based assessment of transanal and endoscopic resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum188 Laparoscopic colorectal surgery in the emergency setting: trends in the province of Ontario from 2002 to 2009189 Prevention of perineal hernia after laparoscopic and robotic abdominoperineal resection: review with case series of internal hernia through pelvic mesh which was placed in attempt to prevent perineal hernia190 Effect of rectal cancer treatments on quality of life191 The use of antibacterial sutures as an adjunctive preventative strategy for surgical site infection in Canada: an economic analysis192 Impact of socioeconomic status on colorectal cancer screening and stage at presentation: preliminary results of a population-based study from an urban Canadian centre193 Initial perioperative results of the first transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) program in the province of Quebec194 Use of negative pressure wound therapy decreases perineal wound infections following abdominal perineal resection. Can J Surg 2012; 55:S63-S135. [DOI: 10.1503/cjs.016712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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P5-18-02: A Population Level Assessment of Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations for Women Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Early Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p5-18-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy is considered the standard of care for women with lymph node positive and high risk lymph node negative breast cancer. While the acute toxicities of chemotherapy are well documented in clinical trials, the frequency of serious treatment related toxicities of adjuvant chemotherapy in the general population is not well described. We undertook a population based assessment of the frequency of serious treatment related toxicity in women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer (EBC). Methods: All incident EBC patients diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2008 in Ontario, Canada were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry. Patient records were linked deterministically to multiple provincial administrative health care databases to provide comprehensive medical follow-up. Exclusion criteria were set to exclude patients on chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. Any patient with who received at least 1 cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy was included in the analysis. Serious toxicities resulting in emergency room (ER) visits or hospitalizations occurring between the start date of chemotherapy and 30 days after the last dose of chemotherapy were identified. Logistic regression models were used to identify the impact of chemotherapy regimen, age, comorbidity and duration on therapy on the likelihood of experiencing serious toxicity.
Results: Of the 3090 women identified in our cohort, 1440 (46.6%) experienced at least 1 serious toxicity resulting in an ER visit during their adjuvant treatment. Of the ER visits, the majority (1107, 87%) were attributable to treatment related toxicities. Febrile neutropenia (FN) was the most common treatment related toxicity occurring in 27.1% of patients in the cohort. Docetaxel containing regimens were associated with a significantly higher rate of ER visits and FN (54.6%, 34.6%) compared with paclitaxel (38.0%, 17.9%), or anthracycline alone (epirubicin 45.8%, 23.8%; doxorubicin 32.8%, 15.4%). Table 1 displays the impact of clinical and patient factors on multivariable analysis.
Conclusion: Serious toxicities are a common in women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for EBC and result in significant acute health care utilization.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-18-02.
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The clinical evaluation of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with the Amplatzer duct occluder II. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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e0316 The SCD40L and circulation endothelial progenitor cells change of danhong combined naoxintong therapy to acute coronary syndrome patients with percautious coronary intervention. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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e0432 An essential role of serum B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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e0183 Livin protects against cardiomyocyte apoptosis in anoxia/reoxygenation injury via p38-mediated signal pathway. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Clinically significant delayed cardiac morbidity following ABVD chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: A population-based study. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.8059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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P1.219 Traditional Chinese medicine improves activities of daily living in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Papular dermatitis induced in guinea pigs by the biting midge Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). J Vet Diagn Invest 2003; 15:67-71. [PMID: 12580301 DOI: 10.1177/104063870301500116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histological, ultrastructural, and virological examinations were performed on abdominal skin from guinea pigs after a blood meal by colony-bred biting midges, Culicoides sonorensis. Small, superficial, cutaneous, crateriform ulcers with necrosis of superficial dermis developed at feeding sites and healed within 24-48 hours. Animals developed nonpruritic erythematous papules 5 days after feeding that persisted until the study ended at 12 days after feeding. Papules corresponded histologically to foci of epidermal hyperplasia and superficial interstitial dermatitis with intraepidermal micropustules and scattered intraepidermal polykaryons. The principal ultrastructural changes were spongiosis in germinal epithelium and neutrophilic-histiocytic exocytosis. No viral agents or broken mouthparts were identified in lesions. The dermatitis may represent a host reaction to persisting insect salivary secretion and should be considered as an additional consequence of blood feeding in future studies involving biting midges.
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[13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of ammonium sulfate in rats]. KOKURITSU IYAKUHIN SHOKUHIN EISEI KENKYUJO HOKOKU = BULLETIN OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2000:108-14. [PMID: 10859942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of ammonium sulfate was performed in both sexes of F344 rats by feeding them a CRF-1 powder diet containing concentrations of 0%, 0.38%, 0.75%, 1.5%, and 3.0% of the substance. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups each consisting of 10 males and 10 females. Male animals in the 3% group exhibited diarrhea during the administration period. No changes indicating obvious ammonium sulfate toxicity were observed in the body weights, organ weights, hematological, serum biochemical, or histopathological examinations. Based on these results, the NOEL (no-observed-effect level) of ammonium sulfate for F344 rats was judged to be 1.5% in males (886 mg/kg/day) and 3% in females (1975 mg/kg/day), and the MTD (maximally tolerated dose) for 2-year carcinogenicity studies in F344 rats was concluded to be 3.0% or more in the diet.
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[A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of Perilla extracts in F344 rats]. KOKURITSU IYAKUHIN SHOKUHIN EISEI KENKYUJO HOKOKU = BULLETIN OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2000:104-7. [PMID: 10859941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of Perilla extracts in drinking water containing 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% extracts was performed in both sexes of F344 rats. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups each consisting of 10 males and 10 females. No animals died during the period of administration. There were no treatment-related changes in body weight gain or in hematological or blood biochemistry values. Nor were any treatment-related histopathological changes observed in the highest dose group. These findings indicate that ingestion of 10% Perilla extracts in drinking water for 13-week does not cause any toxicological changes in rats.
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Rightward asymmetry in superior temporal cortex activation during film-induced emotions. Neuroimage 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Effect of n-butanol on Na+, K+-ATPase. SCIENTIA SINICA 1980; 23:100-7. [PMID: 6243415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of n-butanol on the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase has been found different at different temperatures. Below the phase-transition temperature, n-butanol has a stimulating effect provided the concentration is not higher than 0.3 M. But if the activity is determined above the phase-transition temperature, n-butanol has an inhibitory effect. The p-nitrophenyl phosphatase activity has been found to be inhibited by n-butanol even at comparatively low temperatures. This is in accord with the finding that the Arrhenius plot for p-nitrophenyl phosphatase did not show any break. It is suggested that at lower temperatures the conformational change involved in the transport of Na+, K+ ions may be the rate-limiting factor in the overall reaction, and n-butanol may be used as a probe for perturbation of the membrane to elucidate the mechanism of Na+, K+-ATPase.
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