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Brenner D, Sieverding K, Srinidhi J, Zellner S, Secker C, Yilmaz R, Dyckow J, Amr S, Ponomarenko A, Tunaboylu E, Douahem Y, Schlag JS, Rodríguez Martínez L, Kislinger G, Niemann C, Nalbach K, Ruf WP, Uhl J, Hollenbeck J, Schirmer L, Catanese A, Lobsiger CS, Danzer KM, Yilmazer-Hanke D, Münch C, Koch P, Freischmidt A, Fetting M, Behrends C, Parlato R, Weishaupt JH. A TBK1 variant causes autophagolysosomal and motoneuron pathology without neuroinflammation in mice. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20221190. [PMID: 38517332 PMCID: PMC10959724 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the TBK1 gene can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The majority of TBK1-ALS/FTD patients carry deleterious loss-of-expression mutations, and it is still unclear which TBK1 function leads to neurodegeneration. We investigated the impact of the pathogenic TBK1 missense variant p.E696K, which does not abolish protein expression, but leads to a selective loss of TBK1 binding to the autophagy adaptor protein and TBK1 substrate optineurin. Using organelle-specific proteomics, we found that in a knock-in mouse model and human iPSC-derived motor neurons, the p.E696K mutation causes presymptomatic onset of autophagolysosomal dysfunction in neurons precipitating the accumulation of damaged lysosomes. This is followed by a progressive, age-dependent motor neuron disease. Contrary to the phenotype of mice with full Tbk1 knock-out, RIPK/TNF-α-dependent hepatic, neuronal necroptosis, and overt autoinflammation were not detected. Our in vivo results indicate autophagolysosomal dysfunction as a trigger for neurodegeneration and a promising therapeutic target in TBK1-ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Brenner
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jahnavi Srinidhi
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Susanne Zellner
- Medical Faculty, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Secker
- Neuroproteomics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüstem Yilmaz
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shady Amr
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anna Ponomarenko
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Esra Tunaboylu
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yasmin Douahem
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joana S. Schlag
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucía Rodríguez Martínez
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Kislinger
- Electron Microscopy Hub, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia Niemann
- Electron Microscopy Hub, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Nalbach
- Medical Faculty, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Uhl
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johanna Hollenbeck
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alberto Catanese
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian S. Lobsiger
- Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Karin M. Danzer
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ulm, Germany
| | - Deniz Yilmazer-Hanke
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroanatomy Unit, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philipp Koch
- University of Heidelberg/Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
- Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research, Mannheim, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Martina Fetting
- Medical Faculty, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
- Electron Microscopy Hub, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Medical Faculty, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rosanna Parlato
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen H. Weishaupt
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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2
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Hofmann A, Krajnc N, Dal-Bianco A, Riedl CJ, Zrzavy T, Lerma-Martin C, Kasprian G, Weber CE, Pezzini F, Leutmezer F, Rommer P, Bsteh G, Platten M, Gass A, Berger T, Eisele P, Magliozzi R, Schirmer L, Hametner S. Myeloid cell iron uptake pathways and paramagnetic rim formation in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:707-724. [PMID: 37715818 PMCID: PMC10564819 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), sustained inflammatory activity can be visualized by iron-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the edges of chronic lesions. These paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) are associated with clinical worsening, although the cell type-specific and molecular pathways of iron uptake and metabolism are not well known. We studied two postmortem cohorts: an exploratory formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue cohort of 18 controls and 24 MS cases and a confirmatory snap-frozen cohort of 6 controls and 14 MS cases. Besides myelin and non-heme iron imaging, the haptoglobin-hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163, the iron-metabolizing markers HMOX1 and HAMP as well as immune-related markers P2RY12, CD68, C1QA and IL10 were visualized in myeloid cell (MC) subtypes at RNA and protein levels across different MS lesion areas. In addition, we studied PRLs in vivo in a cohort of 98 people with MS (pwMS) via iron-sensitive 3 T MRI and haptoglobin genotyping by PCR. CSF samples were available from 38 pwMS for soluble CD163 (sCD163) protein level measurements by ELISA. In postmortem tissues, we observed that iron uptake was linked to rim-associated C1QA-expressing MC subtypes, characterized by upregulation of CD163, HMOX1, HAMP and, conversely, downregulation of P2RY12. We found that pwMS with [Formula: see text] 4 PRLs had higher sCD163 levels in the CSF than pwMS with [Formula: see text] 3 PRLs with sCD163 correlating with the number of PRLs. The number of PRLs was associated with clinical worsening but not with age, sex or haptoglobin genotype of pwMS. However, pwMS with Hp2-1/Hp2-2 haplotypes had higher clinical disability scores than pwMS with Hp1-1. In summary, we observed upregulation of the CD163-HMOX1-HAMP axis in MC subtypes at chronic active lesion rims, suggesting haptoglobin-bound hemoglobin but not transferrin-bound iron as a critical source for MC-associated iron uptake in MS. The correlation of CSF-associated sCD163 with PRL counts in MS highlights the relevance of CD163-mediated iron uptake via haptoglobin-bound hemoglobin. Also, while Hp haplotypes had no noticeable influence on PRL counts, pwMS carriers of a Hp2 allele might have a higher risk to experience clinical worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Hofmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nik Krajnc
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Assunta Dal-Bianco
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian J Riedl
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Zrzavy
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Celia Lerma-Martin
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gregor Kasprian
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fritz Leutmezer
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paulus Rommer
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Bsteh
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Berger
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Roberta Magliozzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Simon Hametner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Stüdle C, Nishihara H, Wischnewski S, Kulsvehagen L, Perriot S, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Frank S, Deigendesch N, Du Pasquier R, Schirmer L, Pröbstel AK, Engelhardt B. SARS-CoV-2 infects epithelial cells of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier rather than endothelial cells or pericytes of the blood-brain barrier. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:76. [PMID: 37875964 PMCID: PMC10598911 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection various neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms can appear, which may persist for several months post infection. However, cell type-specific routes of brain infection and underlying mechanisms resulting in neuroglial dysfunction are not well understood. METHODS Here, we investigated the susceptibility of cells constituting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) of the choroid plexus (ChP) to SARS-CoV-2 infection using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cellular models and a ChP papilloma-derived epithelial cell line as well as ChP tissue from COVID-19 patients, respectively. RESULTS We noted a differential infectibility of hiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) depending on the differentiation method. Extended endothelial culture method (EECM)-BMECs characterized by a complete set of endothelial markers, good barrier properties and a mature immune phenotype were refractory to SARS-CoV-2 infection and did not exhibit an activated phenotype after prolonged SARS-CoV-2 inoculation. In contrast, defined medium method (DMM)-BMECs, characterized by a mixed endothelial and epithelial phenotype and excellent barrier properties were productively infected by SARS-CoV-2 in an ACE2-dependent manner. hiPSC-derived brain pericyte-like cells (BPLCs) lacking ACE2 expression were not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the human choroid plexus papilloma-derived epithelial cell line HIBCPP, modeling the BCSFB was productively infected by SARS-CoV-2 preferentially from the basolateral side, facing the blood compartment. Assessment of ChP tissue from COVID-19 patients by RNA in situ hybridization revealed SARS-CoV-2 transcripts in ChP epithelial and ChP stromal cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that the BCSFB of the ChP rather than the BBB is susceptible to direct SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, neuropsychiatric symptoms because of COVID-19 may rather be associated with dysfunction of the BCSFB than the BBB. Future studies should consider a role of the ChP in underlying neuropsychiatric symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Stüdle
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Hideaki Nishihara
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sven Wischnewski
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Laila Kulsvehagen
- Departments of Neurology, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Perriot
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephan Frank
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaus Deigendesch
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Renaud Du Pasquier
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Departments of Neurology, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Velmeshev D, Perez Y, Yan Z, Valencia JE, Castaneda-Castellanos DR, Wang L, Schirmer L, Mayer S, Wick B, Wang S, Nowakowski TJ, Paredes M, Huang EJ, Kriegstein AR. Single-cell analysis of prenatal and postnatal human cortical development. Science 2023; 382:eadf0834. [PMID: 37824647 PMCID: PMC11005279 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed >700,000 single-nucleus RNA sequencing profiles from 106 donors during prenatal and postnatal developmental stages and identified lineage-specific programs that underlie the development of specific subtypes of excitatory cortical neurons, interneurons, glial cell types, and brain vasculature. By leveraging single-nucleus chromatin accessibility data, we delineated enhancer gene regulatory networks and transcription factors that control commitment of specific cortical lineages. By intersecting our results with genetic risk factors for human brain diseases, we identified the cortical cell types and lineages most vulnerable to genetic insults of different brain disorders, especially autism. We find that lineage-specific gene expression programs up-regulated in female cells are especially enriched for the genetic risk factors of autism. Our study captures the molecular progression of cortical lineages across human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Velmeshev
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Yonatan Perez
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Zihan Yan
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
| | | | | | - Li Wang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 68167
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 68167
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, 68167
| | - Simone Mayer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany 72076
| | - Brittney Wick
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA 95060
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Tomasz Jan Nowakowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Mercedes Paredes
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Eric J Huang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115
| | - Arnold R Kriegstein
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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5
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Cirzi C, Dyckow J, Legrand C, Schott J, Guo W, Perez Hernandez D, Hisaoka M, Parlato R, Pitzer C, van der Hoeven F, Dittmar G, Helm M, Stoecklin G, Schirmer L, Lyko F, Tuorto F. Queuosine-tRNA promotes sex-dependent learning and memory formation by maintaining codon-biased translation elongation speed. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112507. [PMID: 37609797 PMCID: PMC10548180 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Queuosine (Q) is a modified nucleoside at the wobble position of specific tRNAs. In mammals, queuosinylation is facilitated by queuine uptake from the gut microbiota and is introduced into tRNA by the QTRT1-QTRT2 enzyme complex. By establishing a Qtrt1 knockout mouse model, we discovered that the loss of Q-tRNA leads to learning and memory deficits. Ribo-Seq analysis in the hippocampus of Qtrt1-deficient mice revealed not only stalling of ribosomes on Q-decoded codons, but also a global imbalance in translation elongation speed between codons that engage in weak and strong interactions with their cognate anticodons. While Q-dependent molecular and behavioral phenotypes were identified in both sexes, female mice were affected more severely than males. Proteomics analysis confirmed deregulation of synaptogenesis and neuronal morphology. Together, our findings provide a link between tRNA modification and brain functions and reveal an unexpected role of protein synthesis in sex-dependent cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Cirzi
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Faculty of BiosciencesHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Interdisciplinary Center for NeurosciencesHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Carine Legrand
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Université Paris Cité, Génomes, Biologie Cellulaire et Thérapeutique U944, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Johanna Schott
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH)DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Wei Guo
- Faculty of BiosciencesHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH)DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | | | - Miharu Hisaoka
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH)DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Rosanna Parlato
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational NeurosciencesHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Claudia Pitzer
- Interdisciplinary Neurobehavioral Core (INBC), Medical Faculty HeidelbergHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthStrassenLuxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgLuxembourg
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Science (IPBS)Johannes Gutenberg‐University MainzMainzGermany
| | - Georg Stoecklin
- Faculty of BiosciencesHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH)DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Interdisciplinary Center for NeurosciencesHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Frank Lyko
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Francesca Tuorto
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH)DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianceHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
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6
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Bayas A, Berthele A, Blank N, Dreger P, Faissner S, Friese MA, Gerdes LA, Grauer OM, Häussler V, Heesen C, Janson D, Korporal-Kuhnke M, Kowarik M, Kröger N, Lünemann JD, Martin R, Meier U, Meuth S, Muraro P, Platten M, Schirmer L, Stürner KH, Stellmann JP, Scheid C, Bergh FT, Warnke C, Wildemann B, Ziemssen T. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: a position paper and registry outline. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2023; 16:17562864231180730. [PMID: 37780055 PMCID: PMC10540601 DOI: 10.1177/17562864231180730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While substantial progress has been made in the development of disease-modifying medications for multiple sclerosis (MS), a high percentage of treated patients still show progression and persistent inflammatory activity. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) aims at eliminating a pathogenic immune repertoire through intense short-term immunosuppression that enables subsequent regeneration of a new and healthy immune system to re-establish immune tolerance for a long period of time. A number of mostly open-label, uncontrolled studies conducted over the past 20 years collected about 4000 cases. They uniformly reported high efficacy of AHSCT in controlling MS inflammatory disease activity, more markedly beneficial in relapsing-remitting MS. Immunological studies provided evidence for qualitative immune resetting following AHSCT. These data and improved safety profiles of transplantation procedures spurred interest in using AHSCT as a treatment option for MS. Objective To develop expert consensus recommendations on AHSCT in Germany and outline a registry study project. Methods An open call among MS neurologists as well as among experts in stem cell transplantation in Germany started in December 2021 to join a series of virtual meetings. Results We provide a consensus-based opinion paper authored by 25 experts on the up-to-date optimal use of AHSCT in managing MS based on the Swiss criteria. Current data indicate that patients who are most likely to benefit from AHSCT have relapsing-remitting MS and are young, ambulatory and have high disease activity. Treatment data with AHSCT will be collected within the German REgistry Cohort of autologous haematopoietic stem CeLl trAnsplantation In MS (RECLAIM). Conclusion Further clinical trials, including registry-based analyses, are urgently needed to better define the patient characteristics, efficacy and safety profile of AHSCT compared with other high-efficacy therapies and to optimally position it as a treatment option in different MS disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Bayas
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg
| | - Achim Berthele
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich
| | - Norbert Blank
- Rheumatology Section, Interdisciplinary Centre for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg
| | - Peter Dreger
- Spokesman German Working Group for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy e.V., Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg
| | - Simon Faissner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS) and Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Lisa-Ann Gerdes
- Institut für Klinische Neuroimmunologie am Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München
| | - Oliver Martin Grauer
- Department of Neurology with Institute for Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster
| | - Vivien Häussler
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS) and Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Christoph Heesen
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS) and Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
- Clinical and Rehabilitative MS Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dietlinde Janson
- Clinic for Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | | | - Markus Kowarik
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Kröger
| | - Nikolaus Kröger
- Clinic for Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Jan D. Lünemann
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster
| | - Roland Martin
- Institute of Experimental Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Meier
- Chairman of the Professional Association of German Neurologists, Neurocentrum Grevenbroich, Grevenbroich
| | - Sven Meuth
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - Paolo Muraro
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg
| | | | - Jan Patrick Stellmann
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille
| | - Christof Scheid
- Clinic I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne
| | | | - Clemens Warnke
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinic and Polyclinic of Neurology, Cologne
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- AG Neuroimmunology, Neurological Clinic, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
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7
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Karimian-Jazi K, Vollherbst DF, Schwarz D, Fischer M, Schregel K, Bauer G, Kocharyan A, Sturm V, Neuberger U, Jesser J, Herweh C, Ulfert C, Hilgenfeld T, Seker F, Preisner F, Schmitt N, Charlet T, Hamelmann S, Sahm F, Heiland S, Wick W, Ringleb PA, Schirmer L, Bendszus M, Möhlenbruch MA, Breckwoldt MO. MR microscopy to assess clot composition following mechanical thrombectomy predicts recanalization and clinical outcome. J Neurointerv Surg 2023:jnis-2023-020594. [PMID: 37527928 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard of care for patients with a stroke and large vessel occlusion. Clot composition is not routinely assessed in clinical practice as no specific diagnostic value is attributed to it, and MT is performed in a standardized 'non-personalized' approach. Whether different clot compositions are associated with intrinsic likelihoods of recanalization success or treatment outcome is unknown. METHODS We performed a prospective, non-randomized, single-center study and analyzed the clot composition in 60 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke undergoing MT. Clots were assessed by ex vivo multiparametric MRI at 9.4 T (MR microscopy), cone beam CT, and histopathology. Clot imaging was correlated with preinterventional CT and clinical data. RESULTS MR microscopy showed red blood cell (RBC)-rich (21.7%), platelet-rich (white,38.3%) or mixed clots (40.0%) as distinct morphological entities, and MR microscopy had high accuracy of 95.4% to differentiate clots. Clot composition could be further stratified on preinterventional non-contrast head CT by quantification of the hyperdense artery sign. During MT, white clots required more passes to achieve final recanalization and were not amenable to contact aspiration compared with mixed and RBC-rich clots (maneuvers: 4.7 vs 3.1 and 1.2 passes, P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively), whereas RBC-rich clots showed higher probability of first pass recanalization (76.9%) compared with white clots (17.4%). White clots were associated with poorer clinical outcome at discharge and 90 days after MT. CONCLUSION Our study introduces MR microscopy to show that the hyperdense artery sign or MR relaxometry could guide interventional strategy. This could enable a personalized treatment approach to improve outcome of patients undergoing MT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik F Vollherbst
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Fischer
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schregel
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gregor Bauer
- Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Kocharyan
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Volker Sturm
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulf Neuberger
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Jesser
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herweh
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Ulfert
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Hilgenfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fatih Seker
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Preisner
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niclas Schmitt
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Charlet
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hamelmann
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter A Ringleb
- Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus A Möhlenbruch
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael O Breckwoldt
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Kapell H, Fazio L, Dyckow J, Schwarz S, Cruz-Herranz A, Mayer C, Campos J, D’Este E, Möbius W, Cordano C, Pröbstel AK, Gharagozloo M, Zulji A, Narayanan Naik V, Delank A, Cerina M, Müntefering T, Lerma-Martin C, Sonner JK, Sin JH, Disse P, Rychlik N, Sabeur K, Chavali M, Srivastava R, Heidenreich M, Fitzgerald KC, Seebohm G, Stadelmann C, Hemmer B, Platten M, Jentsch TJ, Engelhardt M, Budde T, Nave KA, Calabresi PA, Friese MA, Green AJ, Acuna C, Rowitch DH, Meuth SG, Schirmer L. Neuron-oligodendrocyte potassium shuttling at nodes of Ranvier protects against inflammatory demyelination. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e164223. [PMID: 36719741 PMCID: PMC10065072 DOI: 10.1172/jci164223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. Increasing evidence suggests that vulnerable neurons in MS exhibit fatal metabolic exhaustion over time, a phenomenon hypothesized to be caused by chronic hyperexcitability. Axonal Kv7 (outward-rectifying) and oligodendroglial Kir4.1 (inward-rectifying) potassium channels have important roles in regulating neuronal excitability at and around the nodes of Ranvier. Here, we studied the spatial and functional relationship between neuronal Kv7 and oligodendroglial Kir4.1 channels and assessed the transcriptional and functional signatures of cortical and retinal projection neurons under physiological and inflammatory demyelinating conditions. We found that both channels became dysregulated in MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), with Kir4.1 channels being chronically downregulated and Kv7 channel subunits being transiently upregulated during inflammatory demyelination. Further, we observed that pharmacological Kv7 channel opening with retigabine reduced neuronal hyperexcitability in human and EAE neurons, improved clinical EAE signs, and rescued neuronal pathology in oligodendrocyte-Kir4.1-deficient (OL-Kir4.1-deficient) mice. In summary, our findings indicate that neuron-OL compensatory interactions promoted resilience through Kv7 and Kir4.1 channels and identify pharmacological activation of nodal Kv7 channels as a neuroprotective strategy against inflammatory demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kapell
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luca Fazio
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sophia Schwarz
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrés Cruz-Herranz
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christina Mayer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joaquin Campos
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisa D’Este
- Optical Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Network of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Cordano
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marjan Gharagozloo
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amel Zulji
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Venu Narayanan Naik
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Delank
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
| | - Manuela Cerina
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
| | | | - Celia Lerma-Martin
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana K. Sonner
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jung Hyung Sin
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paul Disse
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, UKM, Münster, Germany
- University of Münster, Chembion, Münster, Germany
| | - Nicole Rychlik
- University of Münster, Chembion, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Khalida Sabeur
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Manideep Chavali
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rajneesh Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Heidenreich
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathryn C. Fitzgerald
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, UKM, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN) and
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Jentsch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren Engelhardt
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Calabresi
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ari J. Green
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Claudio Acuna
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David H. Rowitch
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Wellcome Trust–Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN) and
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Gelpi E, Klotz S, Beyerle M, Wischnewski S, Harter V, Kirschner H, Stolz K, Reisinger C, Lindeck-Pozza E, Zoufaly A, Leoni M, Gorkiewicz G, Zacharias M, Haberler C, Hainfellner J, Woehrer A, Hametner S, Roetzer T, Voigtländer T, Ricken G, Endmayr V, Haider C, Ludwig J, Polt A, Wilk G, Schmid S, Erben I, Nguyen A, Lang S, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Kornauth C, Nackenhorst M, Kläger J, Kain R, Chott A, Wasicky R, Krause R, Weiss G, Löffler-Rag J, Berger T, Moser P, Soleiman A, Asslaber M, Sedivy R, Klupp N, Klimpfinger M, Risser D, Budka H, Schirmer L, Pröbstel AK, Höftberger R. Multifactorial White Matter Damage in the Acute Phase and Pre-Existing Conditions May Drive Cognitive Dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Neuropathology-Based Evidence. Viruses 2023; 15:908. [PMID: 37112888 PMCID: PMC10144140 DOI: 10.3390/v15040908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms underlying acute and long-term neurological symptoms after COVID-19. Neuropathological studies can contribute to a better understanding of some of these mechanisms. METHODS We conducted a detailed postmortem neuropathological analysis of 32 patients who died due to COVID-19 during 2020 and 2021 in Austria. RESULTS All cases showed diffuse white matter damage with a diffuse microglial activation of a variable severity, including one case of hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy. Some cases revealed mild inflammatory changes, including olfactory neuritis (25%), nodular brainstem encephalitis (31%), and cranial nerve neuritis (6%), which were similar to those observed in non-COVID-19 severely ill patients. One previously immunosuppressed patient developed acute herpes simplex encephalitis. Acute vascular pathologies (acute infarcts 22%, vascular thrombosis 12%, diffuse hypoxic-ischemic brain damage 40%) and pre-existing small vessel diseases (34%) were frequent findings. Moreover, silent neurodegenerative pathologies in elderly persons were common (AD neuropathologic changes 32%, age-related neuronal and glial tau pathologies 22%, Lewy bodies 9%, argyrophilic grain disease 12.5%, TDP43 pathology 6%). CONCLUSIONS Our results support some previous neuropathological findings of apparently multifactorial and most likely indirect brain damage in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection rather than virus-specific damage, and they are in line with the recent experimental data on SARS-CoV-2-related diffuse white matter damage, microglial activation, and cytokine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Gelpi
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigrid Klotz
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam Beyerle
- Departments of Neurology, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (M.B.); (A.-K.P.)
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Sven Wischnewski
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Verena Harter
- Department of Pathology, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria (H.K.); (R.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Harald Kirschner
- Department of Pathology, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria (H.K.); (R.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Katharina Stolz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (C.R.); (N.K.); (D.R.)
| | - Christoph Reisinger
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (C.R.); (N.K.); (D.R.)
| | | | - Alexander Zoufaly
- Intensive Care Unit, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria;
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Leoni
- D&F Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (G.G.); (M.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Gregor Gorkiewicz
- D&F Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (G.G.); (M.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Martin Zacharias
- D&F Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (G.G.); (M.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Christine Haberler
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Hainfellner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Woehrer
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Hametner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Roetzer
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Till Voigtländer
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerda Ricken
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Endmayr
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Haider
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Ludwig
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Polt
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gloria Wilk
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Erben
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Nguyen
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanna Lang
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Ingrid Simonitsch-Klupp
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Christoph Kornauth
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
- Münchner Leukämielabor, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maja Nackenhorst
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Johannes Kläger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Andreas Chott
- Institute of Pathology, Klinik Ottakring, 1160 Vienna, Austria; (A.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Richard Wasicky
- Institute of Pathology, Klinik Ottakring, 1160 Vienna, Austria; (A.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Robert Krause
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (G.W.); (J.L.-R.)
| | - Judith Löffler-Rag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (G.W.); (J.L.-R.)
| | - Thomas Berger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrizia Moser
- Department of Neuropathology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Afshin Soleiman
- Department of Neuropathology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Martin Asslaber
- D&F Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (G.G.); (M.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Roland Sedivy
- Department of Pathology, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria (H.K.); (R.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Nikolaus Klupp
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (C.R.); (N.K.); (D.R.)
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Department of Pathology, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria (H.K.); (R.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (I.S.-K.); (C.K.); (M.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Daniele Risser
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (C.R.); (N.K.); (D.R.)
| | - Herbert Budka
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Departments of Neurology, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (M.B.); (A.-K.P.)
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.K.); (C.H.); (J.H.); (A.W.); (S.H.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (V.E.); (C.H.); (J.L.); (A.P.); (G.W.); (S.S.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (T.B.); (H.B.)
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Silva D, Schirmer L, Pinho TS, Atallah P, Cibrão JR, Lima R, Afonso J, B-Antunes S, Marques CR, Dourado J, Freudenberg U, Sousa RA, Werner C, Salgado AJ. Sustained Release of Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cell Secretome from Star-Shaped Poly(ethylene glycol) Glycosaminoglycan Hydrogels Promotes Motor Improvements after Complete Transection in Spinal Cord Injury Rat Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2202803. [PMID: 36827964 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been shown to assist regenerative processes after spinal cord injury (SCI) through their secretome, which promotes several regenerative mechanisms, such as inducing axonal growth, reducing inflammation, promoting cell survival, and vascular remodeling, thus ultimately leading to functional recovery. However, while systemic delivery (e.g., i.v. [intravenous]) may cause off-target effects in different organs, the local administration has low efficiency due to fast clearance by body fluids. Herein, a delivery system for human ASCs secretome based on a hydrogel formed of star-shaped poly(ethylene glycol) (starPEG) and the glycosaminoglycan heparin (Hep) that is suitable to continuously release pro-regenerative signaling mediators such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial-cell neurotrophic factor, and beta-nerve growth factor over 10 days, is reported. The released secretome is shown to induce differentiation of human neural progenitor cells and neurite outgrowth in organotypic spinal cord slices. In a complete transection SCI rat model, the secretome-loaded hydrogel significantly improves motor function by reducing the percentage of ameboid microglia and systemically elevates levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Delivery of ASC-derived secretome from starPEG-Hep hydrogels may therefore offer unprecedented options for regenerative therapy of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deolinda Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal.,Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tiffany S Pinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal.,Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Passant Atallah
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jorge R Cibrão
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Rui Lima
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - João Afonso
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Sandra B-Antunes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal.,Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Cláudia R Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - João Dourado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rui A Sousa
- Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), 01069, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
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Wittayer M, Weber CE, Kittel M, Platten M, Schirmer L, Tumani H, Gass A, Eisele P. Cerebrospinal fluid–related tissue damage in multiple sclerosis patients with iron rim lesions. Mult Scler 2023; 29:549-558. [PMID: 37119207 PMCID: PMC10152561 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231155639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: In multiple sclerosis (MS), iron rim lesions (IRLs) are associated with pronounced tissue damage, higher disease severity and have been suggested as an imaging marker of chronic active inflammation behind the blood–brain barrier indicating progression. Furthermore, chronic intrathecal compartmentalized inflammation has been suggested to be a mediator of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)–related tissue damage. Objective: To investigate CSF markers of intrathecal inflammation in patients with at least one IRL compared to patients without IRLs and to investigate tissue damage in lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) with proximity to CSF spaces. Methods: A total of 102 patients (51 with at least 1 IRL and 51 age-/sex-matched patients without IRL) scanned with the same 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and having CSF analysis data were included. Results: Patients with at least one IRL had higher disability scores, higher lesion volumes, lower brain volumes and a higher intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in IRLs were higher compared to non-IRLs. We observed a negative linear correlation of ADC values in all tissue classes and distance to CSF, which was stronger in patients with high IgG quotients. Conclusion: IRLs are associated with higher intrathecal IgG synthesis. CSF-mediated intrathecal smouldering inflammation could explain a CSF-related gradient of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wittayer
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kittel
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany/German
- Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany/Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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12
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Wittayer M, Weber CE, Krämer J, Platten M, Schirmer L, Gass A, Eisele P. Exploring (peri-) lesional and structural connectivity tissue damage through T1/T2-weighted ratio in iron rim multiple sclerosis lesions. Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 95:12-18. [PMID: 36270415 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In multiple sclerosis (MS), iron rim lesions (IRLs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are associated with pronounced intralesional tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate (peri-)lesional and structural connectivity tissue damage in IRLs compared to non-IRLs. MATERIAL AND METHODS MRI was acquired on a 3 T system. Tissue integrity was assessed using the T1/T2-weighted (T1/T2w) ratio. Furthermore, we assessed the impact on structural network connectivity accounting for differences in lesion volumes and T1/T2w values. RESULTS Seventy-six patients (38 with at least one IRL and 38 age- and sex-matched patients without IRLs) were included. In the IRL-group, T1/T2w ratios of IRLs were significantly lower compared to non-IRLs (p < 0.05). When comparing the T1/T2w ratios in non-IRLs between the IRL-group and non-IRL group, there was no significant difference (p = 0.887). We observed a centrifugal decrease in microstructural damage from lesions to the perilesional white matter. In the IRL-group, T1/T2w ratios in the perilesional white matter 3-8 mm distant to the lesion were significantly lower in IRLs compared to non-IRLs. We found no significant differences in the amount of network disruption between both lesion types (p = 0.122). CONCLUSION T1/T2w represents an interesting candidate to capture a pronounced intra- and perilesional tissue damage of IRLs. However, our preliminary results suggest that a pronounced tissue damage might not result in a higher disruption to structural connectivity networks in IRLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wittayer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Krämer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1; Gebäude A1, Westturm, Ebene 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
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13
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Wang R, Schirmer L, Wieduwilt T, Förster R, Schmidt MA, Freudenberg U, Werner C, Fery A, Rossner C. Colorimetric Biosensors Based on Polymer/Gold Hybrid Nanoparticles: Topological Effects of the Polymer Coating. Langmuir 2022; 38:12325-12332. [PMID: 36154138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles decorated with analyte recognition units can form the basis of colorimetric (bio)sensors. The presentation of those recognition units may play a critical role in determining sensor sensitivity. Herein, we use a model system to investigate the effect of the architecture of a polymeric linker that connects gold nanoparticles with the recognition units. Our results show that the number of the latter that can be adsorbed during the assembly of the colorimetric sensors depends on the linker topology. We also show that this may lead to substantial differences in colorimetric sensor performance, particularly in situations in which the interactions with the analyte are comparably weak. Finally, we discuss design principles for efficient colorimetric sensor materials based on our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruosong Wang
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Wieduwilt
- Leibniz-Institut für Photonische Technologien, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ronny Förster
- Leibniz-Institut für Photonische Technologien, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus A Schmidt
- Leibniz-Institut für Photonische Technologien, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, FSU Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Otto Schott Institute of Material Research, FSU Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Rossner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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14
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Eisele P, Wittayer M, Weber CE, Platten M, Schirmer L, Gass A. Impact of disease-modifying therapies on evolving tissue damage in iron rim multiple sclerosis lesions. Mult Scler 2022; 28:2294-2298. [PMID: 35778799 DOI: 10.1177/13524585221106338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) on the evolving tissue damage in iron rim multiple sclerosis lesions using a novel post-processing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach, the T1/T2 ratio. In this study, on baseline and 1-year follow-up, T1/T2 ratios of iron rim lesions (IRLs) in patients starting DMT (dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod, ocrelizumab) did not statistically differ compared to patients without DMT. At the second follow-up, T1/T2 ratios were significantly lower in IRLs in patients without DMT (p = 0.002), suggesting that DMTs have a beneficial delayed effect on lesion evolution and tissue matrix damage in IRLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Wittayer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany/German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany/Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Wittayer M, Weber CE, Platten M, Schirmer L, Gass A, Eisele P. Spatial distribution of multiple sclerosis iron rim lesions and their impact on disability. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 64:103967. [PMID: 35728430 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple sclerosis (MS), iron rim lesions (IRLs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been suggested as an imaging marker of disease progression. However, the exact mechanisms how they contribute to disability are yet not completely known. Strategic lesion location may be an important factor concerning the impact of focal lesions on clinical disability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of IRLs compared to non-IRLs and their impact on disability. METHODS We retrospectively identified 67 patients with at least one IRL on MRI and 67 age- and sex-matched patients without IRLs. We compared the spatial distribution of lesions between both groups and between IRLs and non-IRLs in patients with IRLs. Furthermore, we assessed the relationship between lesion localisation and disability on a voxel-by-voxel basis and investigated the impact on structural network disruptions. RESULTS Patients with IRLs had higher disability scores (median Expanded Disability Status Scale score (range): 3.0 (0 - 8.5) versus 1.5 (0 - 6.5); p = 0.001; median pyramidal functional system score (range): 1.0 (0 - 5) versus 0 (0 - 4); p = 0.003), significantly lower brain volumes (mean normal-appearing grey matter volume: 749.66 ± 60.58 versus 785.83 ± 53.71 mL; mean normal-appearing white matter volume: 723.58 ± 60.13 versus 753.25 ± 69.61 mL; mean deep grey matter volume: 33.21 ± 4.19 versus 35.85 ± 4.89 mL; p < 0.05 for all comparisons) and a significantly higher total T2 lesion volume (mean: 9.96 ± 11.6 versus 4.31 ± 8.9 mL; p < 0.001). We found no neuroanatomical regions that were more often affected by IRLs. Furthermore, comparing the overall network disruption in the IRL group, IRLs caused less network disruption/mL lesion size compared to non-IRLs (1.54% / mL versus 2.0% / mL; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION IRLs are associated with higher disability scores. However, our results suggest that a higher disability is not explained by the sheer topography of IRLs or their network disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wittayer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, Mannheim 68167, Germany; DKTK CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, Mannheim 68167, Germany; Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
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Wenzel N, Wittayer M, Weber CE, Schirmer L, Platten M, Gass A, Eisele P. MRI predictors for the conversion from contrast-enhancing to iron rim multiple sclerosis lesions. J Neurol 2022; 269:4414-4420. [PMID: 35332392 PMCID: PMC9293822 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple sclerosis (MS), iron rim lesions (IRLs) are characterized by progressive tissue matrix damage. Therefore, early identification could represent an interesting target for therapeutic intervention to minimize evolving tissue damage. The aim of this study was to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters predicting the conversion from contrast-enhancing to IRLs. METHODS We retrospective identified MS patients scanned on the same 3 T MRI system presenting at least one supratentorial contrast-enhancing lesion (CEL) and a second MRI including susceptibility-weighted images after at least 3 months. On baseline MRI, pattern of contrast-enhancement was categorized as "nodular" or "ring-like", apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were assessed for the presence of a peripheral hypointense rim. Lesion localization, quantitative volumes (ADC, lesion volume) and the presence of a central vein were assessed. RESULTS Eighty-nine acute contrast-enhancing lesions in 54 MS patients were included. On follow-up, 16/89 (18%) initially CELs converted into IRLs. CELs that converted into IRLs were larger and demonstrated significantly more often a ring-like contrast-enhancement pattern and a peripheral hypointense rim on ADC maps. Logistic regression model including the covariables pattern of contrast-enhancement and presence of a hypointense rim on ADC maps showed the best predictive performance (area under the curve = 0.932). DISCUSSION The combination of a ring-like contrast-enhancement pattern and a peripheral hypointense rim on ADC maps has the ability to predict the evolution from acute to IRLs. This could be of prognostic value and become a target for early therapeutic intervention to minimize the associated tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Wenzel
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Wittayer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,DKTK CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Weber CE, Wittayer M, Kraemer M, Dabringhaus A, Bail K, Platten M, Schirmer L, Gass A, Eisele P. Long-term dynamics of multiple sclerosis iron rim lesions. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 57:103340. [PMID: 35158450 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have pointed out that seemingly chronic multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions may also be in inflammatory states. In pathological studies, up to 40% of chronic MS lesions are characterized as "chronic active" or "smoldering" lesions that are characterized by a rim of iron-laden proinflammatory macrophages/microglial cells at the lesion edge with low-grade continuous myelin breakdown. In vivo, these lesions can be visualized as "iron rim lesions" (IRLs) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term dynamics of IRLs in vivo for a more detailed evolution of dynamic lesion volume changes occurring over time. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients with MS who were followed for at least 36 months (up to 72 months) and underwent at least an annual MRI on the same 3 Tsystem. Using Voxel-Guided Morphometry (VGM) we investigated regional volume changes within lesions and correlated these findings with SWI for the presence of a characteristic hypointense lesion rim. To estimate tissue damage, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for every lesion at baseline and follow-up MRIs were determined. RESULTS Forty-three patients were included in the study. Overall, we identified 302 supratentorial non-confluent MS lesions (52 persistent IRLs, nine transient IRLs, 228 non-IRLs and 13 acute contrast-enhancing lesions). During follow-up, persistent IRLs significantly enlarged, whereas non-IRLs showed a tendency to shrink. At baseline MRI, ADC values were significantly higher in persistent IRLs (1.23 × 10-3 mm/s2) compared to non-IRLs (1.01 × 10-3 mm/s2; p < 0.001), but not compared to transient IRLs (1.06 × 10-3 mm/s2; p = 0.15) and contrast-enhancing lesions (1.15 × 10-3 mm/s2; p = 1.0). During follow-up, ADC values significantly increased more often in persistent IRLs compared to all other lesion types (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our long-term data demonstrate that persistent IRLs enlarge during disease duration, whereas non-IRLs show a tendency to shrink. Furthermore, IRLs are associated with sustained tissue damage, supporting the notion that IRLs could represent a new imaging biomarker in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia E Weber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Matthias Wittayer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Matthias Kraemer
- VGMorph GmbH, Waterloostr. 32, 45472 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; Neurocentrum, Am Ziegelkamp 1f, 41515 Grevenbroich, Germany.
| | | | - Kathrin Bail
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim and Mannheim Center of Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 - 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
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Trobisch T, Zulji A, Stevens NA, Schwarz S, Wischnewski S, Öztürk M, Perales-Patón J, Haeussler M, Saez-Rodriguez J, Velmeshev D, Schirmer L. Cross-regional homeostatic and reactive glial signatures in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:987-1003. [PMID: 36112223 PMCID: PMC9547805 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifocal and progressive inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the compartmentalized pathology of the disease affecting various anatomical regions including gray and white matter and lack of appropriate disease models impede understanding of the disease. Utilizing single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and multiplex spatial RNA mapping, we generated an integrated transcriptomic map comprising leukocortical, cerebellar and spinal cord areas in normal and MS tissues that captures regional subtype diversity of various cell types with an emphasis on astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. While we found strong cross-regional diversity among glial subtypes in control tissue, regional signatures become more obscure in MS. This suggests that patterns of transcriptomic changes in MS are shared across regions and converge on specific pathways, especially those regulating cellular stress and immune activation. In addition, we found evidence that a subtype of white matter oligodendrocytes appearing across all three CNS regions adopt pro-remyelinating gene signatures in MS. In summary, our data suggest that cross-regional transcriptomic glial signatures overlap in MS, with different reactive glial cell types capable of either exacerbating or ameliorating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Trobisch
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Amel Zulji
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nikolas A. Stevens
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany ,Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sophia Schwarz
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sven Wischnewski
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mikail Öztürk
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Javier Perales-Patón
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dmitry Velmeshev
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA ,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA ,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Haim LB, Schirmer L, Zulji A, Sabeur K, Tiret B, Ribon M, Chang S, Lamers WH, BoillEée S, Chaumeil MM, Rowitch DH. Evidence for glutamine synthetase function in mouse spinal cord oligodendrocytes. Glia 2021; 69:2812-2827. [PMID: 34396578 PMCID: PMC8502205 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a key enzyme that metabolizes glutamate into glutamine. While GS is highly enriched in astrocytes, expression in other glial lineages has been noted. Using a combination of reporter mice and cell type-specific markers, we show that GS is expressed in myelinating oligodendrocytes (OL) but not oligodendrocyte progenitor cells of the mouse and human ventral spinal cord. To investigate the role of GS in mature OL, we used a conditional knockout (cKO) approach to selectively delete GS-encoding gene (Glul) in OL, which caused a significant decrease in glutamine levels on mouse spinal cord extracts. GS cKO mice (CNP-cre+ :Glulfl/fl ) showed no differences in motor neuron numbers, size or axon density; OL differentiation and myelination in the ventral spinal cord was normal up to 6 months of age. Interestingly, GS cKO mice showed a transient and specific decrease in peak force while locomotion and motor coordination remained unaffected. Last, GS expression in OL was increased in chronic pathological conditions in both mouse and humans. We found a disease-stage dependent increase of OL expressing GS in the ventral spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Moreover, we showed that GLUL transcripts levels were increased in OL in leukocortical tissue from multiple sclerosis but not control patients. These findings provide evidence towards OL-encoded GS function in spinal cord sensorimotor axis, which is dysregulated in chronic neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Ben Haim
- Department of Pediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amel Zulji
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Khalida Sabeur
- Department of Pediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brice Tiret
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science and of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthieu Ribon
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wouter H. Lamers
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine BoillEée
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Myriam M. Chaumeil
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science and of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David H. Rowitch
- Department of Pediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
Neurological symptoms and varying levels of central nervous system (CNS) immunopathology have been described in COVID-19. Recent reports have suggested an increased level of innate immune activation associated with CNS border areas, as well as with a compartmentalized cytokine response and a dysregulated, autoreactive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune profile. However, it remains contested whether these changes reflect bystander effects of systemic inflammation or relate to CNS-specific viral infection. We summarize some of the key findings pertaining to this ongoing debate and highlight directions for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Departments of Neurology and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Ruland A, Schenker S, Schirmer L, Friedrichs J, Meinhardt A, Schwartz VB, Kaiser N, Konradi R, MacDonald W, Helmecke T, Sikosana MKLN, Valtin J, Hahn D, Renner LD, Werner C, Freudenberg U. Amphiphilic Copolymers for Versatile, Facile, and In Situ Tunable Surface Biofunctionalization. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2102489. [PMID: 34431569 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Precision surface engineering is key to advanced biomaterials. A new platform of PEGylated styrene-maleic acid copolymers for adsorptive surface biofunctionalization is reported. Balanced amphiphilicity renders the copolymers water-soluble but strongly affine for surfaces. Fine-tuning of their molecular architecture provides control over adsorptive anchorage onto specific materials-which is why they are referred to as "anchor polymers" (APs)-and over structural characteristics of the adsorbed layers. Conjugatable with an array of bioactives-including cytokine-complexing glycosaminoglycans, cell-adhesion-mediating peptides and antimicrobials-APs can be applied to customize materials for demanding biotechnologies in uniquely versatile, simple, and robust ways. Moreover, homo- and heterodisplacement of adsorbed APs provide unprecedented means of in situ alteration and renewal of the functionalized surfaces. The related options are exemplified with proof-of-concept experiments of controlled bacterial adhesion, human umbilical vein endothelial cell, and induced pluripotent cell growth on AP-functionalized surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Ruland
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Saskia Schenker
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Friedrichs
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Meinhardt
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Véronique B Schwartz
- faCellitate - A venture of Chemovator GmbH, Industriestr. 35, 68169, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Kaiser
- BASF SE, RAM/OB - B001, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Rupert Konradi
- BASF SE, RAM/OB - B001, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - William MacDonald
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Tina Helmecke
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Melissa K L N Sikosana
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Juliane Valtin
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik Hahn
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lars D Renner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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Schirmer L, Atallah P, Freudenberg U, Werner C. Chemokine-Capturing Wound Contact Layer Rescues Dermal Healing. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2100293. [PMID: 34278740 PMCID: PMC8456214 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Excessive inflammation often impedes the healing of chronic wounds. Scavenging of chemokines by multiarmed poly(ethylene glycol)-glycosaminoglycan (starPEG-GAG) hydrogels has recently been shown to support regeneration in a diabetic mouse chronic skin wound model. Herein, a textile-starPEG-GAG composite wound contact layer (WCL) capable of selectively sequestering pro-inflammatory chemokines is reported. Systematic variation of the local and integral charge densities of the starPEG-GAG hydrogel component allows for tailoring its affinity profile for biomolecular signals of the wound milieu. The composite WCL is subsequently tested in a large animal (porcine) model of human wound healing disorders. Dampening excessive inflammatory signals without affecting the levels of pro-regenerative growth factors, the starPEG-GAG hydrogel-based WCL treatment induced healing with increased granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and deposition of connective tissue (collagen fibers). Thus, this biomaterials technology expands the scope of a new anti-inflammatory therapy toward clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Schirmer
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.Hohe Str. 6Dresden01069Germany
| | - Passant Atallah
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.Hohe Str. 6Dresden01069Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.Hohe Str. 6Dresden01069Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.Hohe Str. 6Dresden01069Germany
- Technische Universität DresdenCenter for Regenerative Therapies DresdenFetscherstr. 105Dresden01307Germany
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23
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Kim K, Pröbstel AK, Baumann R, Dyckow J, Landefeld J, Kogl E, Madireddy L, Loudermilk R, Eggers EL, Singh S, Caillier SJ, Hauser SL, Cree BAC, Schirmer L, Wilson MR, Baranzini SE. Cell type-specific transcriptomics identifies neddylation as a novel therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis. Brain 2021; 144:450-461. [PMID: 33374005 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the CNS in which both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Genome-wide association studies revealed more than 200 risk loci, most of which harbour genes primarily expressed in immune cells. However, whether genetic differences are translated into cell-specific gene expression profiles and to what extent these are altered in patients with multiple sclerosis are still open questions in the field. To assess cell type-specific gene expression in a large cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of fluorescence-activated cell sorted T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) and CD14+ monocytes from treatment-naive patients with multiple sclerosis (n = 106) and healthy subjects (n = 22). We identified 479 differentially expressed genes in CD4+ T cells, 435 in monocytes, and 54 in CD8+ T cells. Importantly, in CD4+ T cells, we discovered upregulated transcripts from the NAE1 gene, a critical subunit of the NEDD8 activating enzyme, which activates the neddylation pathway, a post-translational modification analogous to ubiquitination. Finally, we demonstrated that inhibition of NEDD8 activating enzyme using the specific inhibitor pevonedistat (MLN4924) significantly ameliorated disease severity in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our findings provide novel insights into multiple sclerosis-associated gene regulation unravelling neddylation as a crucial pathway in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis with implications for the development of tailored disease-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kicheol Kim
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine and Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ryan Baumann
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - James Landefeld
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elva Kogl
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lohith Madireddy
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rita Loudermilk
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erica L Eggers
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sneha Singh
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stacy J Caillier
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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24
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Paredes I, Vieira JR, Shah B, Ramunno CF, Dyckow J, Adler H, Richter M, Schermann G, Giannakouri E, Schirmer L, Augustin HG, Ruiz de Almodóvar C. Oligodendrocyte precursor cell specification is regulated by bidirectional neural progenitor-endothelial cell crosstalk. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:478-488. [PMID: 33510480 PMCID: PMC8411877 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Neural-derived signals are crucial regulators of CNS vascularization. However, whether the vasculature responds to these signals by means of elongating and branching or in addition by building a feedback response to modulate neurodevelopmental processes remains unknown. In this study, we identified bidirectional crosstalk between the neural and the vascular compartment of the developing CNS required for oligodendrocyte precursor cell specification. Mechanistically, we show that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) express angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and that this expression is regulated by Sonic hedgehog. We demonstrate that NPC-derived Ang1 signals to its receptor, Tie2, on endothelial cells to induce the production of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). Endothelial-derived TGFβ1, in turn, acts as an angiocrine molecule and signals back to NPCs to induce their commitment toward oligodendrocyte precursor cells. This work demonstrates a true bidirectional collaboration between NPCs and the vasculature as a critical regulator of oligodendrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidora Paredes
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - José Ricardo Vieira
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bhavin Shah
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carla F Ramunno
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Adler
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Melanie Richter
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Geza Schermann
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Evangelia Giannakouri
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Ruiz de Almodóvar
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Schirmer L, Schafer DP, Bartels T, Rowitch DH, Calabresi PA. Diversity and Function of Glial Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:228-247. [PMID: 33593693 PMCID: PMC7914214 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glial subtype diversity is an emerging topic in neurobiology and immune-mediated neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We discuss recent conceptual and technological advances that allow a better understanding of the transcriptomic and functional heterogeneity of oligodendrocytes (OLs), astrocytes, and microglial cells under inflammatory-demyelinating conditions. Recent single cell transcriptomic studies suggest the occurrence of novel homeostatic and reactive glial subtypes and provide insight into the molecular events during disease progression. Multiplexed RNA in situ hybridization has enabled 'mapping back' dysregulated gene expression to glial subtypes within the MS lesion microenvironment. These findings suggest novel homeostatic and reactive glial-cell-type functions both in immune-related processes and neuroprotection relevant to understanding the pathology of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology and the Brudnik Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Theresa Bartels
- Department of Paediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David H Rowitch
- Department of Paediatrics, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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26
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Sessler K, Blechschmidt V, Hoheisel U, Mense S, Schirmer L, Treede RD. Spinal cord fractalkine (CX3CL1) signaling is critical for neuronal sensitization in experimental nonspecific, myofascial low back pain. J Neurophysiol 2021; 125:1598-1611. [PMID: 33596743 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00348.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroactive substances released by activated microglia contribute to hyperexcitability of spinal dorsal horn neurons in many animal models of chronic pain. An important feedback loop mechanism is via release of fractalkine (CX3CL1) from primary afferent terminals and dorsal horn neurons and binding to CX3CR1 receptors on microglial cells. We studied the involvement of fractalkine signaling in latent and manifest spinal sensitization induced by two injections of nerve growth factor (NGF) into the lumbar multifidus muscle as a model for myofascial low back pain. Single dorsal horn neurons were recorded in vivo to study their receptive fields and spontaneous activity. Under intrathecal vehicle application, the two NGF injections led to an increased proportion of neurons responding to stimulation of deep tissues (41%), to receptive field expansion into the hindlimb (15%), and to resting activity (53%). Blocking fractalkine signaling by continuous intrathecal administration of neutralizing antibodies completely prevented these signs of spinal sensitization to a similar extent as in a previous study with the microglia inhibitor minocycline. Reversely, fractalkine itself induced similar sensitization in a dose-dependent manner (for 200 ng/mL: 45% deep tissue responses, 24% receptive field expansion, and 45% resting activity) as repeated nociceptive stimulation by intramuscular NGF injections. A subsequent single NGF injection did not have an additive effect. Our data suggest that neuron-to-microglia signaling via the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 pathway is critically involved in the initiation of nonspecific, myofascial low back pain through repetitive nociceptive stimuli.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Blocking fractalkine signaling by neutralizing antibodies completely prevented spinal sensitization induced by repetitive mild nociceptive input [2 nerve growth factor (NGF) injections into the multifidus muscle] Conversely, fractalkine given intrathecally caused the same pattern of spinal sensitization as the nociceptive NGF injections. Fractalkine signaling is critically involved in sensitization of dorsal horn neurons induced by repeated nociceptive low back muscle stimulation and may hence be a potential target for the prevention of nonspecific, myofascial low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Sessler
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vivian Blechschmidt
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hoheisel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Siegfried Mense
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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27
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Fuchs V, Kutza M, Wischnewski S, Deigendesch N, Lutz L, Kulsvehagen L, Ricken G, Kappos L, Tzankov A, Hametner S, Frank S, Schirmer L, Pröbstel AK. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 Transcripts in the Choroid Plexus of MS and Non-MS Patients With COVID-19. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2021; 8:8/2/e957. [PMID: 33504636 PMCID: PMC7862096 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vidmante Fuchs
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Michael Kutza
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Sven Wischnewski
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Deigendesch
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Luc Lutz
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Laila Kulsvehagen
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Gerda Ricken
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kappos
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Simon Hametner
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Stephan Frank
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- From the Multiple Sclerosis Center (V.F., L.L., L. Kulsvehagen, L. Kappos), Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.K., S.W., L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Pathology (N.D., A.T., S.F.), Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (G.R., S.H.), Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience (L.S.), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; and Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (L.S.), Heidelberg University, Germany.
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28
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Pröbstel AK, Zhou X, Baumann R, Wischnewski S, Kutza M, Rojas OL, Sellrie K, Bischof A, Kim K, Ramesh A, Dandekar R, Greenfield AL, Schubert RD, Bisanz JE, Vistnes S, Khaleghi K, Landefeld J, Kirkish G, Liesche-Starnecker F, Ramaglia V, Singh S, Tran EB, Barba P, Zorn K, Oechtering J, Forsberg K, Shiow LR, Henry RG, Graves J, Cree BAC, Hauser SL, Kuhle J, Gelfand JM, Andersen PM, Schlegel J, Turnbaugh PJ, Seeberger PH, Gommerman JL, Wilson MR, Schirmer L, Baranzini SE. Gut microbiota-specific IgA + B cells traffic to the CNS in active multiple sclerosis. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/53/eabc7191. [PMID: 33219152 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abc7191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Changes in gut microbiota composition and a diverse role of B cells have recently been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS), a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a key regulator at the mucosal interface. However, whether gut microbiota shape IgA responses and what role IgA+ cells have in neuroinflammation are unknown. Here, we identify IgA-bound taxa in MS and show that IgA-producing cells specific for MS-associated taxa traffic to the inflamed CNS, resulting in a strong, compartmentalized IgA enrichment in active MS and other neuroinflammatory diseases. Unlike previously characterized polyreactive anti-commensal IgA responses, CNS IgA cross-reacts with surface structures on specific bacterial strains but not with brain tissue. These findings establish gut microbiota-specific IgA+ cells as a systemic mediator in MS and suggest a critical role of mucosal B cells during active neuroinflammation with broad implications for IgA as an informative biomarker and IgA-producing cells as an immune subset to harness for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. .,Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ryan Baumann
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sven Wischnewski
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Kutza
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olga L Rojas
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 18A, Canada
| | - Katrin Sellrie
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14776 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Antje Bischof
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kicheol Kim
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Akshaya Ramesh
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ravi Dandekar
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ariele L Greenfield
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ryan D Schubert
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jordan E Bisanz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Stephanie Vistnes
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Khashayar Khaleghi
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 18A, Canada
| | - James Landefeld
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gina Kirkish
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Friederike Liesche-Starnecker
- Department of Neuropathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Valeria Ramaglia
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Edwina B Tran
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Patrick Barba
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kelsey Zorn
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Johanna Oechtering
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karin Forsberg
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lawrence R Shiow
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Roland G Henry
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jennifer Graves
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey M Gelfand
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Schlegel
- Department of Neuropathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter J Turnbaugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14776 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Michael R Wilson
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. .,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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29
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Beutel T, Dzimiera J, Kapell H, Engelhardt M, Gass A, Schirmer L. Cortical projection neurons as a therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:1211-1224. [PMID: 33103501 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1842358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory-demyelinating disease of the central nervous system associated with lesions of the cortical gray matter and subcortical white matter. Recently, cortical lesions have become a major focus of research because cortical pathology and neuronal damage are critical determinants of irreversible clinical progression. Recent transcriptomic studies point toward cell type-specific changes in cortical neurons in MS with a selective vulnerability of excitatory projection neuron subtypes. AREAS COVERED We discuss the cortical mapping and the molecular properties of excitatory projection neurons and their role in MS lesion pathology while placing an emphasis on their subtype-specific transcriptomic changes and levels of vulnerability. We also examine the latest magnetic resonance imaging techniques to study cortical MS pathology as a key tool for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy. Finally, we consider possible therapeutic avenues and novel strategies to protect excitatory cortical projection neurons. Literature search methodology: PubMed articles from 2000-2020. EXPERT OPINION Excitatory cortical projection neurons are an emerging therapeutic target in the treatment of progressive MS. Understanding neuron subtype-specific molecular pathologies and their exact spatial mapping will help establish starting points for the development of novel cell type-specific therapies and biomarkers in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Beutel
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Dzimiera
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hannah Kapell
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maren Engelhardt
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University , Mannheim, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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Deigendesch N, Sironi L, Kutza M, Wischnewski S, Fuchs V, Hench J, Frank A, Nienhold R, Mertz KD, Cathomas G, Matter MS, Siegemund M, Tolnay M, Schirmer L, Pröbstel AK, Tzankov A, Frank S. Correlates of critical illness-related encephalopathy predominate postmortem COVID-19 neuropathology. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 140:583-586. [PMID: 32851506 PMCID: PMC7449525 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Deigendesch
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lara Sironi
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kutza
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sven Wischnewski
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vidmante Fuchs
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedicine, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Hench
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angela Frank
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Ronny Nienhold
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Kirsten D Mertz
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Gieri Cathomas
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Matthias S Matter
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Siegemund
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Tolnay
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology and Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedicine, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
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31
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Bergmann N, Delbridge C, Gempt J, Feuchtinger A, Walch A, Schirmer L, Bunk W, Aschenbrenner T, Liesche-Starnecker F, Schlegel J. The Intratumoral Heterogeneity Reflects the Intertumoral Subtypes of Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Regional Immunohistochemistry Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:494. [PMID: 32391260 PMCID: PMC7193089 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite extensive therapy the prognosis for GBM patients remains poor and the extraordinary therapy resistance has been attributed to intertumoral heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Different prognostic relevant GBM tumor subtypes have been identified based on their molecular profile. This approach, however, neglects the heterogeneity within individual tumors, that is, the intratumoral heterogeneity. Here, we detected the regional immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence using nine different markers on resected GBM specimens (IDH wildtype, WHO grade IV). We found repetitive expression profiles, that could be classified into clusters. These clusters could then be assigned to five pathophysiologically relevant groups that reflect the previously described subclasses of GBM, including mesenchymal, classical, and proneural subtype. Our data indicate the presence of tumor differentiations and tumor subclasses that occur within individual tumors, and might therefore contribute to develop adapted, individual-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Bergmann
- Division of Neuropathology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Claire Delbridge
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Jens Gempt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfram Bunk
- Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | | | | | - Jürgen Schlegel
- Division of Neuropathology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
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32
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Schirmer L, Hoornaert C, Le Blon D, Eigel D, Neto C, Gumbleton M, Welzel PB, Rosser AE, Werner C, Ponsaerts P, Newland B. Heparin-based, injectable microcarriers for controlled delivery of interleukin-13 to the brain. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4997-5004. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 can be loaded and released from heparin-based cryogel biomaterials for sustained delivery to the brain.
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33
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Velmeshev D, Schirmer L, Jung D, Haeussler M, Perez Y, Mayer S, Bhaduri A, Goyal N, Rowitch DH, Kriegstein AR. Single-cell genomics identifies cell type-specific molecular changes in autism. Science 2019; 364:685-689. [PMID: 31097668 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav8130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of autism, bulk gene expression studies show that changes in the neocortex of autism patients converge on common genes and pathways. However, direct assessment of specific cell types in the brain affected by autism has not been feasible until recently. We used single-nucleus RNA sequencing of cortical tissue from patients with autism to identify autism-associated transcriptomic changes in specific cell types. We found that synaptic signaling of upper-layer excitatory neurons and the molecular state of microglia are preferentially affected in autism. Moreover, our results show that dysregulation of specific groups of genes in cortico-cortical projection neurons correlates with clinical severity of autism. These findings suggest that molecular changes in upper-layer cortical circuits are linked to behavioral manifestations of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Velmeshev
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Diane Jung
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Yonatan Perez
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Simone Mayer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aparna Bhaduri
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nitasha Goyal
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David H Rowitch
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Paediatrics and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Arnold R Kriegstein
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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34
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Riley L, Schirmer L, Segura T. Granular hydrogels: emergent properties of jammed hydrogel microparticles and their applications in tissue repair and regeneration. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:1-8. [PMID: 30481603 PMCID: PMC6534490 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Granular hydrogels are emerging as a versatile and effective platform for tissue engineered constructs in regenerative medicine. The hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) that compose these materials exhibit particle jamming above a minimum packing fraction, which results in a bulk, yet dynamic, granular hydrogel scaffold. These injectable, microporous scaffolds possess self-assembling, shear-thinning, and self-healing properties. Recently, they have been utilized as cell cultures platforms and extracellular matrix mimics with remarkable success in promoting cellular infiltration and subsequent tissue remodeling in vivo. Furthermore, the modular nature of granular hydrogels accommodates heterogeneous HMP assembly, where varying HMPs have been fabricated to target distinct biological processes or deliver unique cargo. Such multifunctional materials offer enormous potential for capturing the structural and biofunctional complexity observed in native human tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, United States
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, United States
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, United States; Department of Dermatology, Duke University, United States; Department of Neurology, Duke University, United States.
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35
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Spiller S, Panitz N, Limasale YDP, Atallah PM, Schirmer L, Bellmann-Sickert K, Blaszkiewicz J, Koehling S, Freudenberg U, Rademann J, Werner C, Beck-Sickinger AG. Modulation of Human CXCL12 Binding Properties to Glycosaminoglycans To Enhance Chemotactic Gradients. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5128-5138. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Spiller
- Universität Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nydia Panitz
- Universität Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yanuar Dwi Putra Limasale
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Passant Morsi Atallah
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathrin Bellmann-Sickert
- Universität Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joanna Blaszkiewicz
- Freie Universität Berlin, Medicinal Chemistry, Königin-Luise-Strasse 2+4, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Sebastian Koehling
- Freie Universität Berlin, Medicinal Chemistry, Königin-Luise-Strasse 2+4, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Rademann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Medicinal Chemistry, Königin-Luise-Strasse 2+4, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC), Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Annette G. Beck-Sickinger
- Universität Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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36
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Lanz TV, Pröbstel AK, Mildenberger I, Platten M, Schirmer L. Single-Cell High-Throughput Technologies in Cerebrospinal Fluid Research and Diagnostics. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1302. [PMID: 31244848 PMCID: PMC6579921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput single-cell technologies have recently emerged as essential tools in biomedical research with great potential for clinical pathology when studying liquid and solid biopsies. We provide an update on current single-cell methods in cerebrospinal fluid research and diagnostics, focusing on high-throughput cell-type specific proteomic and genomic technologies. Proteomic methods comprising flow cytometry and mass cytometry as well as genomic approaches including immune cell repertoire and single-cell transcriptomic studies are critically reviewed and future directions discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias V. Lanz
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedicine, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iris Mildenberger
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DKTK Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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37
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Gempt J, Bette S, Albertshauser J, Cammardella JH, Gradtke C, Wiestler B, Schirmer L, Ryang YM, Meyer B, Ringel F. Personality Traits in Patients with Neuroepithelial Tumors - A Prospective Study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17055. [PMID: 30451871 PMCID: PMC6243000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of this study was to analyze personality traits in patients with neuroepithelial brain tumors. Personality alteration is a common feature in brain tumor patients, but not much is known about associations between specific personality changes and brain tumors. We assessed potential factors influencing personality such as tumor location, tumor grade and tumor volume. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Beck's Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) for the five factors of personality were acquired. Patients had lower scores regarding the factor openness and higher scores regarding the BDI-II compared to the norm population. No significant influencing factors (tumor entity, location) were found regarding personality traits. Neuroticism was associated with depression, whereas extraversion showed an opposed association. Patients with intrinsic brain tumors have differences in personality traits compared to the control population, with an emphasis on the factor openness. No significant confounding factors like tumor grade, entity, or location were found for personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Gempt
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Bette
- Abteilung für Neuroradiologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Jennifer Albertshauser
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Jasmin Hernandez Cammardella
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Corinna Gradtke
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Benedikt Wiestler
- Abteilung für Neuroradiologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Yu-Mi Ryang
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Florian Ringel
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße, Mainz, 155131, Germany
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Atallah P, Schirmer L, Tsurkan M, Putra Limasale YD, Zimmermann R, Werner C, Freudenberg U. In situ-forming, cell-instructive hydrogels based on glycosaminoglycans with varied sulfation patterns. Biomaterials 2018; 181:227-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Schirmer L, Möbius W, Zhao C, Cruz-Herranz A, Ben Haim L, Cordano C, Shiow LR, Kelley KW, Sadowski B, Timmons G, Pröbstel AK, Wright JN, Sin JH, Devereux M, Morrison DE, Chang SM, Sabeur K, Green AJ, Nave KA, Franklin RJ, Rowitch DH. Oligodendrocyte-encoded Kir4.1 function is required for axonal integrity. eLife 2018; 7:36428. [PMID: 30204081 PMCID: PMC6167053 DOI: 10.7554/elife.36428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial support is critical for normal axon function and can become dysregulated in white matter (WM) disease. In humans, loss-of-function mutations of KCNJ10, which encodes the inward-rectifying potassium channel KIR4.1, causes seizures and progressive neurological decline. We investigated Kir4.1 functions in oligodendrocytes (OLs) during development, adulthood and after WM injury. We observed that Kir4.1 channels localized to perinodal areas and the inner myelin tongue, suggesting roles in juxta-axonal K+ removal. Conditional knockout (cKO) of OL-Kcnj10 resulted in late onset mitochondrial damage and axonal degeneration. This was accompanied by neuronal loss and neuro-axonal dysfunction in adult OL-Kcnj10 cKO mice as shown by delayed visual evoked potentials, inner retinal thinning and progressive motor deficits. Axon pathologies in OL-Kcnj10 cKO were exacerbated after WM injury in the spinal cord. Our findings point towards a critical role of OL-Kir4.1 for long-term maintenance of axonal function and integrity during adulthood and after WM injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Schirmer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Chao Zhao
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés Cruz-Herranz
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Lucile Ben Haim
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Christian Cordano
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Lawrence R Shiow
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Kevin W Kelley
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Boguslawa Sadowski
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Garrett Timmons
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jackie N Wright
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jung Hyung Sin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Michael Devereux
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Daniel E Morrison
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra M Chang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Khalida Sabeur
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ari J Green
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robin Jm Franklin
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David H Rowitch
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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Kelley KW, Ben Haim L, Schirmer L, Tyzack GE, Tolman M, Miller JG, Tsai HH, Chang SM, Molofsky AV, Yang Y, Patani R, Lakatos A, Ullian EM, Rowitch DH. Kir4.1-Dependent Astrocyte-Fast Motor Neuron Interactions Are Required for Peak Strength. Neuron 2018; 98:306-319.e7. [PMID: 29606582 PMCID: PMC5919779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diversified neurons are essential for sensorimotor function, but whether astrocytes become specialized to optimize circuit performance remains unclear. Large fast α-motor neurons (FαMNs) of spinal cord innervate fast-twitch muscles that generate peak strength. We report that ventral horn astrocytes express the inward-rectifying K+ channel Kir4.1 (a.k.a. Kcnj10) around MNs in a VGLUT1-dependent manner. Loss of astrocyte-encoded Kir4.1 selectively altered FαMN size and function and led to reduced peak strength. Overexpression of Kir4.1 in astrocytes was sufficient to increase MN size through activation of the PI3K/mTOR/pS6 pathway. Kir4.1 was downregulated cell autonomously in astrocytes derived from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with SOD1 mutation. However, astrocyte Kir4.1 was dispensable for FαMN survival even in the mutant SOD1 background. These findings show that astrocyte Kir4.1 is essential for maintenance of peak strength and suggest that Kir4.1 downregulation might uncouple symptoms of muscle weakness from MN cell death in diseases like ALS. Kir4.1 is upregulated in astrocytes around high-activity alpha motor neurons (MNs) Astrocyte Kir4.1 KO caused decreased peak strength without alpha MN loss ALS patient-derived astrocytes show cell-autonomous Kir4.1 downregulation Astrocyte Kir4.1 regulates MN size through PI3K/mTOR/pS6 activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Kelley
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lucile Ben Haim
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Giulia E Tyzack
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michaela Tolman
- Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - John G Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hui-Hsin Tsai
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sandra M Chang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anna V Molofsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Yongjie Yang
- Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Rickie Patani
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Andras Lakatos
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK
| | - Erik M Ullian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David H Rowitch
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Paediatrics and Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK.
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41
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Schirmer L, Liesche F, Barz M, Bette S, Wiestler B, Srivastava R, Zimmer C, Ringel F, Rowitch D, Meyer B, Hemmer B, Schlegel J, Gempt J. TMIC-49. POTASSIUM CHANNEL KIR4.1 AND GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE ARE DYSREGULATED IN GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox168.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Gempt J, Bette S, Albertshauser J, Cammardella JH, Gradtke C, Wiestler B, Schirmer L, Ryang YM, Meyer B, Ringel F. NCOG-03. PERSONALITY TRAITS IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROEPITHELIAL TUMORS – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox168.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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43
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Maegerlein C, Friedrich B, Berndt M, Lucia KE, Schirmer L, Poppert H, Zimmer C, Pelisek J, Boeckh-Behrens T, Kaesmacher J. Impact of histological thrombus composition on preinterventional thrombus migration in patients with acute occlusions of the middle cerebral artery. Interv Neuroradiol 2017; 24:70-75. [PMID: 29058984 DOI: 10.1177/1591019917733733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The occurrence of thrombus migration (TM) in middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) prior to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients suffering from acute ischemic strokes is a crucial aspect as TM is associated with lower rates of complete reperfusion and worse clinical outcomes. In this study, we sought to clarify whether histological thrombus composition influences TM. Methods We included 64 patients with acute MCA occlusions who had undergone MT. In 11 of the cases (17.2%) we identified TM prior to the interventions. The extracted clots were collected and histologically examined. The hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens were quantitatively analyzed in terms of the relative fractions of the main constituents (red and white blood cells and fibrin/platelets). The histologic patterns were correlated with the occurrence of TM. Results Patients in whom TM could be observed were more often treated in a drip-and-ship fashion (90.9% vs 41.5%, p = 0.003). Stroke etiology did not differ between migrated and stable thrombi. A weak tendency for higher RBC and lower F/P content could be observed in thrombi that had migrated when compared with stable thrombi (RBC: median 41% vs 37%, p = 0.022 and F/P: median 54% vs 57%, p = 0.024). When using a cut-off of 60% RBC content for the definition of RBC-rich thrombi, a higher portion of RBC-rich thrombi could be identified in the migrated group as opposed to the stable group (36.4% vs 5.7%, p = 0.003). Conclusion Preinterventional TM may be influenced by the histological thrombus composition in a way that RBC-rich thrombi are more prone to migrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Maegerlein
- 1 Department of Neuroradiology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Friedrich
- 1 Department of Neuroradiology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Berndt
- 1 Department of Neuroradiology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lucas Schirmer
- 3 Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,4 Department of Neurology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Poppert
- 4 Department of Neurology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- 1 Department of Neuroradiology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- 5 Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Boeckh-Behrens
- 1 Department of Neuroradiology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- 1 Department of Neuroradiology, 27190 Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
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Wirth M, Schirmer L, Hofauer B, Lenschow M, Loos D, Thuermel K, Knopf A. Head and neck giant cell arteritis: an autoimmune disease with many faces. Acta Otolaryngol 2017; 137:986-991. [PMID: 28440088 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2017.1314010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION A high rate of infrequent presentations of giant cell arteritis were seen in the ENT department and should be anticipated as a differential diagnosis in every older patient with odynophagia with high CRP values without cause in thorough ENT examination. OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical manifestation of head and neck giant cell arteritis and to derive a diagnostic pathway covering atypical cases. METHOD Single-center, retrospective analysis of cases with GCA in the head and neck region (HN-GCA) (2002-2012) to describe the clinical presentation and to derive a diagnostic pathway covering manifestations presenting to an ENT department. RESULTS Sixty-five patients were newly diagnosed with HN-GCA in the department of otolaryngology, ophthalmology and neurology. The most frequent symptoms were loss of vision (83%) and new onset headache (63%). Eight patients (12%) presented with infrequent manifestations, predominantly in the department of otorhinolaryngology. The most common atypical presentation (50%) was odynophagia in conjunction with high CRP values misleading to an infectious cause and delaying diagnosis. A diagnostic pathway for GCA was derived based on the ACR classification criteria and the clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wirth
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Hofauer
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Magdalena Lenschow
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daria Loos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Thuermel
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Knopf
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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45
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Shiow LR, Favrais G, Schirmer L, Schang AL, Cipriani S, Andres C, Wright JN, Nobuta H, Fleiss B, Gressens P, Rowitch DH. Reactive astrocyte COX2-PGE2 production inhibits oligodendrocyte maturation in neonatal white matter injury. Glia 2017; 65:2024-2037. [PMID: 28856805 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a major risk factor for neonatal white matter injury (NWMI), which is associated with later development of cerebral palsy. Although recent studies have demonstrated maturation arrest of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in NWMI, the identity of inflammatory mediators with direct effects on OPCs has been unclear. Here, we investigated downstream effects of pro-inflammatory IL-1β to induce cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in white matter. First, we assessed COX2 expression in human fetal brain and term neonatal brain affected by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). In the developing human brain, COX2 was expressed in radial glia, microglia, and endothelial cells. In human term neonatal HIE cases with subcortical WMI, COX2 was strongly induced in reactive astrocytes with "A2" reactivity. Next, we show that OPCs express the EP1 receptor for PGE2, and PGE2 acts directly on OPCs to block maturation in vitro. Pharmacologic blockade with EP1-specific inhibitors (ONO-8711, SC-51089), or genetic deficiency of EP1 attenuated effects of PGE2. In an IL-1β-induced model of NWMI, astrocytes also exhibit "A2" reactivity and induce COX2. Furthermore, in vivo inhibition of COX2 with Nimesulide rescues hypomyelination and behavioral impairment. These findings suggest that neonatal white matter astrocytes can develop "A2" reactivity that contributes to OPC maturation arrest in NWMI through induction of COX2-PGE2 signaling, a pathway that can be targeted for neonatal neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence R Shiow
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Neonatology.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Geraldine Favrais
- INSERM U930, Universite Francois Rabelais, Tours, France.,Neonatal intensive care unit, CHRU de Tours, Universite Francois Rabelais, Tours, France.,PROTECT, INSERM, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Laure Schang
- PROTECT, INSERM, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,PremUP, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Sara Cipriani
- PROTECT, INSERM, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,PremUP, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | | | - Jaclyn N Wright
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Hiroko Nobuta
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Bobbi Fleiss
- PROTECT, INSERM, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,PremUP, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Gressens
- PROTECT, INSERM, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,PremUP, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David H Rowitch
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Neonatology.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Paediatrics, and Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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46
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Sabo JK, Heine V, Silbereis JC, Schirmer L, Levison SW, Rowitch DH. Olig1 is required for noggin-induced neonatal myelin repair. Ann Neurol 2017; 81:560-571. [PMID: 28253550 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neonatal white matter injury (NWMI) is a lesion found in preterm infants that can lead to cerebral palsy. Although antagonists of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, such as Noggin, promote oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) production after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury, the downstream functional targets are poorly understood. The basic helix-loop-helix protein, oligodendrocyte transcription factor 1 (Olig1), promotes oligodendrocyte (OL) development and is essential during remyelination in adult mice. Here, we investigated whether Olig1 function is required downstream of BMP antagonism for response to injury in the neonatal brain. METHODS We used wild-type and Olig1-null mice subjected to neonatal stroke and postnatal neural progenitor cultures, and we analyzed Olig1 expression in human postmortem samples from neonates that suffered HI encephalopathy (HIE). RESULTS Olig1-null neonatal mice showed significant hypomyelination after moderate neonatal stroke. Surprisingly, damaged white matter tracts in Olig1-null mice lacked Olig2+ OPCs, and instead proliferating neuronal precursors and GABAergic interneurons were present. We demonstrate that Noggin-induced OPC production requires Olig1 function. In postnatal neural progenitors, Noggin governs production of OLs versus interneurons through Olig1-mediated repression of Dlx1/2 transcription factors. Additionally, we observed that Olig1 and the BMP signaling effector, phosphorylated SMADs (Sma- and Mad-related proteins) 1, 5, and 8, were elevated in the subventricular zone of human infants with HIE compared to controls. INTERPRETATION These findings indicate that Olig1 has a critical function in regulation of postnatal neural progenitor cell production in response to Noggin. Ann Neurol 2017;81:560-571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Sabo
- Department of Pediatrics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Vivi Heine
- Department of Pediatrics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - John C Silbereis
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Steven W Levison
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - David H Rowitch
- Department of Pediatrics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Stem Cell Research and Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Paediatrics, Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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47
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Lohmann N, Schirmer L, Atallah P, Wandel E, Ferrer RA, Werner C, Simon JC, Franz S, Freudenberg U. Glycosaminoglycan-based hydrogels capture inflammatory chemokines and rescue defective wound healing in mice. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/386/eaai9044. [PMID: 28424334 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai9044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Excessive production of inflammatory chemokines can cause chronic inflammation and thus impair cutaneous wound healing. Capturing chemokine signals using wound dressing materials may offer powerful new treatment modalities for chronic wounds. Here, a modular hydrogel based on end-functionalized star-shaped polyethylene glycol (starPEG) and derivatives of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) heparin was customized for maximal chemokine sequestration. The material is shown to effectively scavenge the inflammatory chemokines MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), IL-8 (interleukin-8), and MIP-1α (macrophage inflammatory protein-1α) and MIP-1β (macrophage inflammatory protein-1β) in wound fluids from patients suffering from chronic venous leg ulcers and to reduce the migratory activity of human monocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils. In an in vivo model of delayed wound healing (db/db mice), starPEG-GAG hydrogels outperformed the standard-of-care product Promogran with respect to reduction of inflammation, as well as increased granulation tissue formation, vascularization, and wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Lohmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Passant Atallah
- Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Wandel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Ruben A Ferrer
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan C Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Franz
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. .,Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Collaborative Research Center (SFB-TR67) "Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Healing Processes in Bone and Skin-From Material Science to Clinical Application," Leipzig and Dresden, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Kaesmacher J, Boeckh-Behrens T, Simon S, Maegerlein C, Kleine JF, Zimmer C, Schirmer L, Poppert H, Huber T. Risk of Thrombus Fragmentation during Endovascular Stroke Treatment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:991-998. [PMID: 28279987 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Periprocedural thrombus fragmentation is a relevant risk in endovascular stroke treatment. Because factors influencing its occurrence are largely unknown, this study addresses a potential relationship between thrombus histology and clot stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-five patients with anterior circulation stroke treated with thrombectomy were included in this retrospective study. The number and location of emboli after retrieving the primary thrombus, the number of maneuvers, and TICI scores were evaluated. H&E and neutrophil elastase staining of retrieved clots was performed, and semiquantitative measurements of thrombus components were correlated with procedural parameters. RESULTS An inverse correlation between maneuvers required for thrombus retrieval and the number of distal and intermediate emboli was observed (Spearman r, -0.23; P = .032). Younger patients were at higher risk for periprocedural thrombus fragmentation (Spearman r, -0.23; P = .032). Bridging thrombolysis tended to be associated with fewer maneuvers (2 vs 3, P = .054) but more emboli (1 vs 0, P = .067). While no consistent correlation between procedural parameters and red/white blood cells and fibrin-/platelet fractions could be found, higher amounts of neutrophil elastase-positive cells within the thrombus were independently associated with the occurrence of multiple emboli (adjusted OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.1-19.7; P = .041) and lower rates of complete recanalization (adjusted OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9; P = .050). CONCLUSIONS Younger age, easy-to-retrieve thrombi, and bridging thrombolysis may be risk factors for periprocedural thrombus fragmentation. Findings from standard histologic stains did not provide insight into thrombectomy-relevant thrombus stability. However, higher neutrophil levels in the thrombus tissue were related to an increased risk of periprocedural thrombus fragmentation. This observation aligns with the proposed thrombolytic capacity of neutrophil elastase and points to its potential clinical relevance in the context of stroke thrombectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kaesmacher
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.K., T.B.-B., C.M., J.F.K., C.Z., T.H.)
| | - T Boeckh-Behrens
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.K., T.B.-B., C.M., J.F.K., C.Z., T.H.)
| | - S Simon
- Neurology (S.S., L.S., H.P.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C Maegerlein
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.K., T.B.-B., C.M., J.F.K., C.Z., T.H.)
| | - J F Kleine
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.K., T.B.-B., C.M., J.F.K., C.Z., T.H.)
| | - C Zimmer
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.K., T.B.-B., C.M., J.F.K., C.Z., T.H.)
| | - L Schirmer
- Neurology (S.S., L.S., H.P.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - H Poppert
- Neurology (S.S., L.S., H.P.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Huber
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.K., T.B.-B., C.M., J.F.K., C.Z., T.H.)
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Boeckh-Behrens T, Kleine J, Kaesmacher J, Zimmer C, Schirmer L, Simon S, Poppert H. The CD31 molecule: a possible neuroprotective agent in acute ischemic stroke? Thromb J 2017; 15:11. [PMID: 28413360 PMCID: PMC5390341 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-017-0134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The transmembrane receptor molecule CD31 is known to have immunomodulatory functions, suggesting a possible neuroprotective effect in the context of acute ischemic stroke by restricting an over-activation of secondary immunological processes. This study examines the density of CD31+ cells in mechanically extracted thrombi of stroke patients with the aim to test whether the occurrence of CD31+ cells was associated with a beneficial clinical outcome in those patients. Methods Thrombi of 122 consecutive patients with large anterior circulation stroke were collected during intracranial mechanical recanalization. Out of these, 86 immunostained specimens of adequate quality could be analysed. The density of CD31+ cells was quantified and compared with clinical outcome data of the affected patients. Results The density of CD31+ cells was positively related to early patient improvement (ΔNIHSS, r = 0.283, p = 0,012) with an even clearer relationship after exclusion of patients who died in the early hospital phase (r = 0.371, p = 0.001). This finding stayed stable also in the multivariate analysis after corrrection for other outcome-influencing factors (p = 0.049). Conclusion This study shows a stable relation between CD31+ cells and early clinical improvement of patients with acute ischemic stroke. This finding is in line with recent reports showing immunomodulatory and potential neuroprotective effects of CD31, suggesting that CD31 may be a promising neuroprotective agent in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Boeckh-Behrens
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Justus Kleine
- Department of Neuroradiology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Rudowerstr. 48, 12351 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Simon
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Poppert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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50
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Esser P, Kuba K, Mehnert A, Schwinn A, Schirmer L, Schulz-Kindermann F, Kruse M, Koch U, Zander AR, Kröger N, Schilling G, Götze H, Scherwath A. Investigating the temporal course, relevance and risk factors of fatigue over 5 years: a prospective study among patients receiving allogeneic HSCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 52:753-758. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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