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Computer analysis of human depth EEG in different sleep stages. BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES INSTRUMENTATION 1998; 33:184-90. [PMID: 9731357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study compares delta (< 4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (12-20 Hz) band EEG signals during wakefulness, rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, and stage 1 and stage 2 non-REM sleep recorded from both surface and depth electrodes in patients with drug-resistant partial seizures. Computer analysis utilizing Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) was performed with the Neurovision software developed for this purpose. Mean amplitudes were calculated for each of the frequency bands. Preliminary analysis was performed with emphasis on the presence and characteristics of theta activity in the hippocampus of the brain. Results demonstrate theta wave activity in the hippocampus with an increase of theta activity in REM sleep as compared to non-REM sleep (stages 1 and 2).
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Interhemispheric transfer time evidence of functionally complete section of the splenium in the enigmatic callosotomy case "POV" or "VP.". Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/12.4.368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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3
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Abstract
A new head-prone position is described for posterior cranial fossa surgery on infants whose cerebral cortical mantle has been markedly thinned by severe hydrocephalus. The new position furnished a direct line of sight to the apex of the IV ventricle corresponding to that provided by the classic high sitting position, without the latter's risks of air embolism and of acute subdural hematoma secondary to tearing of corticodural bridging vessels due to escape of gravity-impelled CSF from the large ventricles. The anesthesiologic technique, the positioning of the patient, and the surgeon's posture presented no unusual problems.
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Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst: occurrence after intraperitoneal urological surgery in children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts. J Urol 1991; 146:583-7. [PMID: 1861305 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)37862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasingly, children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts are undergoing urinary tract reconstructive surgery with bowel. The peritoneal end of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt tubing usually is exposed during the procedure, making the system vulnerable to infections and malfunction. The records of 103 myelomeningocele children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts and bowel-bladder reconstructive surgical procedures (27) were reviewed for evidence of an abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst (6). Pseudocyst formation occurred in only 1 of 76 ventriculoperitoneal shunt patients (1.3%) who had not undergone versus 6 of 27 (22%) who had undergone an intra-abdominal procedure. The 6 children had a total of 8 pseudocysts, including 7 pseudocysts that developed 8 days to 47 months (average 15.1 months) after the reconstructive surgery and 1 that developed before reconstructive surgery. All patients had abdominal symptoms (pain or mass) or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Treatment included computerized tomography-guided needle aspiration or abdominal exploration with cyst evacuation and shunt repositioning or replacement. The walls of the pseudocyst were formed by matted loops of bowel. Additional shunt surgery was required in 5 patients with conversion to ventriculoatrial shunts. We conclude that the development of an abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst is at least in part related to the prior abdominal surgery. Thus, pediatric urological and general surgeons caring for children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts should be aware of this complication.
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Recent developments in the management of epileptic seizures. OHIO MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE OHIO STATE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1990; 86:795. [PMID: 2259499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Minimum care standards for epilepsy for Ohio. Epilepsy Standards Subcommittee, Medical Advisory Committee of the Bureau for Children with Medical Handicaps, Ohio Department of Health. OHIO MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE OHIO STATE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1990; 86:796-801. [PMID: 2259500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Abstract
In the records of our extensive metabolic studies on trauma victims, we found 16 head injured patients who had no other major injuries. Among them, nine had been given dexamethasone for at least 6 days. The other seven had not received any corticosteroids. There was no significant difference in the Glasgow Coma Scales of the treated and untreated groups. Metabolic balance studies were carried out for at least 3 days, including the periods when the treated patients were receiving dexamethasone. Mean nitrogen balance was -0.296 +/- 0.03 g/kg/day for the treated group and -0.182 +/- 0.03 g/kg/day for the untreated group. This difference was significant (p = 0.02, t-test). Our metabolic data are also consistent with those of other published studies, which used other corticosteroids and somewhat different methodologies. Thus, it is clearly established that corticosteroids cause significant degrees of catabolism in head injured patients, beyond what would "normally" be expected in such patients if they did not receive these drugs.
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Abstract
A patient in the second trimester of pregnancy sustained a gunshot wound of the upper cervical spine with a partial Brown-Séquard syndrome. The patient's condition was evaluated by conventional roentgenography, computed axial tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI alone clearly demonstrated the relationship of the bullet and the spinal cord, whereas the CT image was obliterated by metal artifacts. The bullet was removed from the spinal canal by a posterior approach with the patient in the sitting position and in skeletal cervical traction. The neurological status of the patient improved markedly after the surgery.
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Computed tomography-guided intracranial biopsy and cyst aspiration: accumulated experience in 60 patients. THE JOURNAL OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 1987; 11:221-7. [PMID: 3608545 DOI: 10.1016/0149-936x(87)90086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed our continued experience with computed tomography guided freehand percutaneous brain biopsy using a needle guide sheath of our own devising. The guide sheath is equipped with small metallic marker beads and throws no artifacts. It is useful in demonstrating the exact tip of the guide biopsy sheath in relation to the wall of the intracerebral lesion. The deforming response of the target lesion wall to the guide sheath and the biopsy needle is easily seen using our technique and is highly correlated to obtaining a satisfactory pathologic specimen. Combination of this guide sheath with a suitable computed tomography compatible head frame may represent a highly accurate and reliable but relatively simple guidance system.
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Outcomes and indications of corpus callosum section for intractable seizure control. APPLIED NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1983; 46:47-51. [PMID: 6422848 DOI: 10.1159/000101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Callosotomy (CCS) was performed in 9 cases of rigorously classified drug-refractory epilepsy not eligible for focal cortical resection. Complete CCS was carried out in two stages in 8 patients. 1 case had an anterior CCS only. None of the 9 patients has become seizure free. In 7, seizure frequency has diminished by a factor of 3-60 for at least one seizure type. Drop attacks in 2 cases have ceased. Clinical seizure patterns appeared more helpful in predicting outcome than preoperative EEG and stereoelectroencephalographic studies. Complete CCS may result in prolonged behavioral disturbances in the areas of language, hemisphere competition and attention-memory sequencing with impact on the sphere of daily living.
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Abstract
A coordinated series of instruments has been developed for use in computed tomography (CT)-guided brain lesion biopsy and cyst aspiration: a plastic guide needle that is relatively free of CT artifacts, a ball-and-socket holding device for multidirectional sampling, and an aspiration-cutting biopsy needle that reliably produces consistent cores of tissue. Twenty-six biopsy and/or aspiration procedures have been performed on 24 patients with an overall biopsy success rate of 79%. The method is most reliable with highly malignant astrocytomas and least reliable with metastases and unusual primary tumors. There were 3 complications: 2 intratumoral hematomas and 1 death due to hemorrhage. A survey of published CT biopsy series shows an overall success rate of 85%. The rate of serious complications is 3.5% (including 3 deaths). The incidence of intratumoral hematomas that are clinically silent or associated with relatively minor clinical problems is 9%. CT-guided intracranial biopsy is more reliable than the earlier freehand methods and simpler than stereotactic techniques. It is the procedure of choice for percutaneous biopsy of superficial and deep hemispheric lesions.
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Contribution of stereoelectroencephalographic studies to reduction of failure rates of cortical resection for seizure control. APPLIED NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1982; 45:468-70. [PMID: 7036885 DOI: 10.1159/000101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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13
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Variability in right hemisphere language function after callosal section: evidence for a continuum of generative capacity. J Neurosci 1981; 1:323-31. [PMID: 7264722 PMCID: PMC6564119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Two recent patients in our behavioral series investigating the psychological effects of callosal section exhibit right hemisphere language. Using lateralized visual and auditory stimulation, semantic, phonetic, and expressive linguistic functions were examined. While the right hemisphere language systems in both patients were shown to be capable of semantic information processing, they differed in their abilities to process phonetic information, follow verbal commands, and produce linguistic responses. It is argued that the differences between left and right hemisphere language systems are quantitative and are best characterized along a continuum of generative capacity. It is the variability in such capacity that appears to be responsible for the variability in right hemisphere language function within the split-brain population.
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Unimanual tactile anomia consequent to corpus callosotomy: reduction of anomic deficit under hypnosis. Neuropsychologia 1981; 19:179-90. [PMID: 7254498 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Typical cerebral hemisphere disconnection deficits following corpus callosum section despite sparing of the anterior commissure. Neuropsychologia 1981; 19:745-55. [PMID: 7329520 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Abstract
✓ During the initial urgent management of patients with acute brain lesions, skull roentgenograms or cerebral angiograms often result in rotated views. The classical method of maximum transverse measurement for the diagnosis of lateral displacement of the opacified pineal gland or great vein of Galen retains its validity in eight of 10 anteroposterior cranial roentgenograms rotated 8° and in nine of 10 rotated 5°. The explanation is expressed by the “circle in the skull” hypothesis which indicates that those portions of the lateral cranial wall whose projections serve as referential points for the maximum transverse measurement, form arcs of a circle of which the radius is the pineoparietal distance. The concept of the midsagittal arch of the skull is introduced as a method of cranial midline determination on rotated anteroposterior skull roentogenograms. This method gives dependable indication of significant shift of the opacified pineal gland and deep cerebral veins according to the criteria described.
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A disposable isometric muscle biopsy clamp. JAMA 1969; 210:1451-2. [PMID: 4900934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Similarities in mental content of psychotic states, spontaneous seizures, dreams, and responses to electrical brain stimulation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Psychosom Med 1969; 31:479-98. [PMID: 5361744 DOI: 10.1097/00006842-196911000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Perception of humor in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. A cartoon test as an indicator of neuropsychological deficit. ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY 1969; 21:363-7. [PMID: 5806037 DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740210107016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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20
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Contribution of micro-physiological stereotaxic recording to the study of the inter-ictal and ictal cortical discharge in human epilepsy. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1969; 26:638. [PMID: 4182019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Six-electrode method for the measurement of the passive electrical properties of brain envelopes. MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 1969; 7:321-4. [PMID: 5823250 DOI: 10.1007/bf02474773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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22
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Hydrodynamic properties of certain shunt assemblies for the treatment of hydrocephalus. l. Report of a case of communicating hydrocephalus with increased cerebrospinal fluid production treated by duplication of shunting device. 2. Pressure-flow characteristics of the Spitz-Holter, Pudenz-Heyer, and Cordis-Hakim shunt systems. J Neurosurg 1969; 30:455-67. [PMID: 5306449 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1969.30.4.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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23
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The Jacksonian hypothesis: a re-appraisal in the light of single unit recording in focal epileptogenic gray matter of man. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1968; 24:287. [PMID: 4170243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Cholinergic induction of thalamo-cortical seizures in cats. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1968; 24:189. [PMID: 4170494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Observations on the passive electrical properties of the envelopes of cat brain. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1966; 20:513-9. [PMID: 4143690 DOI: 10.1016/0013-4694(66)90108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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26
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Torn meningeal vessels: an evaluation of a clinical spectrum through the use of angiography. Radiology 1966; 86:686-95. [PMID: 5934320 DOI: 10.1148/86.4.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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27
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