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Kung CJS, Hon KL, Tang MF, Cheng NS, Ng GWG, Leung CWM, Leung TF. Polymorphic markers of several immune regulatory genes modulate the susceptibility for eczema and related phenotypes in children. Transl Pediatr 2024; 13:436-446. [PMID: 38590376 PMCID: PMC10998998 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Eczema is associated with multiple genes regulating epidermal barrier functions and immunological pathways. However, their epistatic interactions are not well studied. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between childhood eczema phenotypes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of immune regulatory genes. Methods One thousand three hundred and twenty-nine Chinese eczematous children and 1,179 non-allergic controls were recruited. Nine SNPs of immune regulatory genes signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), interleukin-10 (IL10), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFB1), and IL-6 receptor (IL6R) were genotyped by TaqMan genotyping assays. Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between SNPs and eczema phenotypes. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to examine epistatic interactions among these SNPs as well as those reported by our group [filaggrin (FLG) and 11q13] for eczema phenotypes. Results TGFB1_rs1800469 was found to be associated with eczema [odds ratio (OR), 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.92; P=0.001], atopic eczema (OR, 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72-0.95; P=0.009) and allergic rhinitis (OR, 0.84; 95% CI: 0.74-0.95; P=0.005). We also found a trend between IL10_rs1800872 and increased total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels (P=0.009). Epistatic interaction among IL10_rs3021094, TGFB1_rs1800469, IL6R_rs2228145, and STAT3_rs4796793 were found for total IgE [testing accuracy (TA), 0.551; cross-validation consistency (CVC), 10; P=0.014]. Mean log-transformed total IgE (logIgE) levels in high-risk cases, low-risk cases, high-risk controls, and low-risk controls were 2.75, 2.60, 1.90, and 1.81 respectively (P=0.019 for trend). Conclusions Functional TGFB1 polymorphism is associated with both eczema and allergic rhinitis, suggesting the role of TGF-β1 in allergy susceptibility. IL10 may be associated with increased total IgE levels. Interaction among immune regulatory genes modulates total IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine Jeng Sum Kung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nam Sze Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gigi Wing Gi Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Leung ASY, Wai CYY, Leung NYH, Ngai NA, Chua GT, Ho PK, Lam ICS, Cheng JWCH, Chan OM, Li PF, Au AWS, Leung CHW, Cheng NS, Tang MF, Fong BLY, Rosa Duque JS, Wong JSC, Luk DCK, Ho MHK, Kwan MYW, Yau YS, Lee QU, Chan WH, Wong GWK, Leung TF. Real-World Sensitization and Tolerance Pattern to Seafood in Fish-Allergic Individuals. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024; 12:633-642.e9. [PMID: 37802255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seafood is a common cause of food allergy and anaphylaxis, but there are limited published real-world data describing the clinical presentation of fish and shellfish allergies. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics, immunological profile, and tolerance pattern to fish, crustaceans, and mollusks in fish-allergic individuals. METHODS Patients presenting with IgE-mediated fish allergy between 2016 and 2021 were recruited. A comprehensive sensitization profile including specific IgE and skin prick test to various fish and shellfish species and a detailed clinical history including individuals' recent seafood consumption were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 249 fish-allergic individuals (aged 4.2 ± 5.8 years) were recruited from 6 allergy clinics in Hong Kong, and they had experienced their fish-allergic reaction 2.2 ± 3.4 years before enrollment. Seventy-five subjects (30%) reacted to either grass carp, salmon, grouper, or cod in oral food challenges. We identified an IgE sensitization gradient that corresponded to the level of β-parvalbumin in fish. In total, 40% of fish-allergic individuals reported tolerance to 1 or more types of fish, more commonly to fish with a lower β-parvalbumin level such as tuna and salmon, compared with β-parvalbumin-rich fish such as catfish and grass carp. Despite fish and shellfish cosensitization, 41% of individuals reported tolerance to crustaceans, mollusks, or both, whereas shellfish avoidance occurred in half of the fish-allergic individuals, of whom 33% lacked shellfish sensitization. CONCLUSIONS Fish allergy commonly presents in early childhood. A considerable proportion of fish-allergic patients are selectively tolerant to certain fish, typically those with lower levels of β-parvalbumin. There is an unmet need to promote precision medicine for seafood allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes S Y Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China.
| | - Christine Y Y Wai
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Nicki Y H Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Noelle Anne Ngai
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Gilbert T Chua
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Po Ki Ho
- Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Ivan C S Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - James W C H Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Oi Man Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Pui Fung Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Ann W S Au
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Chloris H W Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Nam Sze Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Brian L Y Fong
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Jaime S Rosa Duque
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Joshua S C Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - David C K Luk
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Marco H K Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Mike Y W Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Yat Sun Yau
- Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Qun Ui Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Wai Hung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Gary W K Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, China.
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Hou J, Song Y, Leung ASY, Tang MF, Shi M, Wang EY, Tsun JGS, Chan RWY, Wong GWK, Tsui SKW, Leung TF. Temporal Dynamics of the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome and its Relationship with Childhood Asthma Exacerbation. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0012922. [PMID: 35546575 PMCID: PMC9241764 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00129-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite distinct nasopharyngeal microbiome (NPM) profiles between asthmatics and healthy subjects, little is known about the NPM dynamics and its relation to childhood asthma exacerbation (AE). We investigated NPM changes by longitudinally collecting 135 flocked nasopharyngeal swabs (FNPSs) from 33 school-age asthmatic children at six time points (2 to 4-week intervals) from September to December 2017 in Hong Kong. Subjects were categorized into AE and stable asthma (AS) groups according to whether they experienced any exacerbation during follow-up. One-off FNPSs from nine nonasthmatic children were included as controls. Microbiota profiles were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. All 144 NPMs were classified into six microbiome profile groups (MPGs), each dominated by Moraxella, Corynebacterium 1, Dolosigranulum, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, or Anoxybacillus. The microbial diversity and compositions of NPM in exacerbation samples were different from both baseline samples and those from healthy controls. Moraxella and Dolosigranulum-dominated NPM exhibited high temporal stability revealed by MPG transition analysis. NPM diversity decreased whereas microbial composition remained similar over time. The relative abundances of Moraxella increased while Corynebacterium 1, Anoxybacillus, and Pseudomonas decreased longitudinally. However, these temporal patterns did not differ between AE and AS groups, suggesting that short-term dynamic patterns were not sufficient to predict AE occurrence. Asthmatic NPM underwent Moraxella expansion during AE and presented a high microbiome resilience (recovery potential) after AE resolution. Microbial pathways involved in methane, ketone bodies, and vitamin B3 metabolisms were enhanced during AE and primarily contributed by Moraxella. IMPORTANCE Evidence on the dynamic changes of NPM in asthmatic patients remains limited. Here, we present that asthmatic NPMs deviating from a healthy status still showed resilience after disturbance. Our data imply from a longitudinal perspective that Moraxella increase is closely related to AE occurrence. The finding of functional dysbiosis (imbalance) during AE offers a plausible explanation for the known association between nasopharyngeal Moraxella expansion and increased AE risk. This work serves as a basis for future long-term prospective studies leveraging multiomics approaches to elucidate the temporal association between NPM and pediatric AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpao Hou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuping Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Agnes Sze Yin Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Pediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mai Shi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Evy Yiwei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph Gar Shun Tsun
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Renee Wan Yi Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-University Medical Center Utrecht Joint Research Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Immunobiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Pediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary Wing Kin Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen Kwok-Wing Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Microbial Genomics and Proteomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-University Medical Center Utrecht Joint Research Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Immunobiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Pediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Song Y, Hou J, Kwok JSL, Weng H, Tang MF, Wang MH, Leung ASY, Tao KP, Wong GWK, Chan RWY, Tsui SKW, Leung TF. Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing for Nasopharyngeal Microbiome in Pre-school Children With Recurrent Wheezing. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:792556. [PMID: 35250904 PMCID: PMC8889122 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.792556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiome mediates early life immune deviation in asthma development. Recurrent wheeze (RW) in pre-school years is a risk factor for asthma diagnosis in school-age children. Dysbiosis exists in asthmatic airways, while its origin in pre-school years and relationship to RW is not clearly defined. This study investigated metagenomics of nasopharyngeal microbiome in pre-school children with RW. We applied whole-genome shotgun sequencing and human rhinovirus (HRV) detection on nasopharyngeal samples collected from three groups of pre-school children: (i) RW group: 16 children at-risk for asthma who were hospitalized for RW, (ii) inpatient control (IC): 18 subjects admitted for upper respiratory infection, and (iii) community control (CC): 36 children without respiratory syndromes. Sequence reads were analyzed by MetaPhlAn2 and HUMAnN2 algorithm for taxonomic and functional identification. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis was used to identify discriminative features. We identified that Moraxella catarrhalis and Dolosigranulum pigrum were predominant species in nasopharynx. RW had lower alpha diversity (Shannon diversity index) than CC (0.48 vs. 1.07; Padj = 0.039), characterized by predominant Proteobacteria. LEfSe analysis revealed D. pigrum was the only discriminative species across groups (LDA = 5.57, P = 0.002), with its relative abundance in RW, IC, and CC being 9.6, 14.2, and 37.3%, respectively (P < 0.05). LEfSe identified five (ribo)nucleotides biosynthesis pathways to be group discriminating. Adjusting for HRV status, pre-school children with RW have lower nasopharyngeal biodiversity, which is associated with Proteobacteria predominance and lower abundance of D. pigrum. Along with discriminative pathways found in RW and CC, these microbial biomarkers help to understand RW pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinpao Hou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jamie Sui Lam Kwok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haoyi Weng
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Maggie Haitian Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Agnes Sze Yin Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin Pong Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-University Medical Center Utrecht Joint Research Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Immunobiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gary Wing Kin Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renee Wan Yi Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-University Medical Center Utrecht Joint Research Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Immunobiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Stephen Kwok Wing Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-University Medical Center Utrecht Joint Research Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Immunobiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Yang KG, Lee WYW, Hung ALH, Hung VWY, Tang MF, Leung TF, Kong APS, Cheng JCY, Lam TP. Decreased cortical bone density and mechanical strength with associated elevated bone turnover markers at peri-pubertal peak height velocity: a cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study of 396 girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:725-735. [PMID: 34643755 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Decreased cortical bone density and bone strength at peak height velocity (PHV) were noted in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). These findings could provide the link to the previously reported observation that low bone mineral density (BMD) could contribute as one of the prognostic factors for curve progression that mostly occurs during PHV in AIS. INTRODUCTION As part of the studies related to aetiopathogenesis of AIS, we assessed bone qualities, bone mechanical strength and bone turnover markers (BTMs) focusing at the peri-pubertal period and PHV in AIS girls. METHODS 396 AIS girls in two separate cohorts were studied. Skeletal maturity was assessed using the validated thumb ossification composite index (TOCI). Bone qualities and strength were evaluated with high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and finite element analysis (FEA). RESULTS Cohort-A included 179 girls (11.95 ± 0.95 years old). Girls at TOCI-4 had numerically the highest height velocity (0.71 ± 0.24 cm/month) corresponding to the PHV. Subjects at TOCI-4 had lower cortical volumetric BMD (672.36 ± 39.07 mg/mm3), cortical thickness (0.68 ± 0.08 mm) and apparent modulus (1601.54 ± 243.75 N/mm2) than: (a) those at TOCI-1-3 (724.99 ± 32.09 mg/mm3 (p < 0.001), 0.79 ± 0.11 mm (p < 0.001) and 1910.88 ± 374.75 N/mm2 (p < 0.001), respectively) and (b) those at TOCI-8 (732.28 ± 53.75 mg/mm3 (p < 0.001), 0.84 ± 0.14 mm (p < 0.001), 1889.11 ± 419.37 N/mm2 (p < 0.001), respectively). Cohort-B included 217 girls (12.22 ± 0.89 years old). Subjects at TOCI-4 had higher levels of C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (1524.70 ± 271.10 pg/L) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (941.12 ± 161.39 µg/L) than those at TOCI-8 (845.71 ± 478.55 pg/L (p < 0.001) and 370.08 ± 197.04 µg/L (p < 0.001), respectively). CONCLUSION AIS girls had decreased cortical bone density and bone mechanical strength with elevated BTMs at PHV. Coupling of PHV with decreased cortical and FEA parameters could provide the link to the previously reported observation that low BMD could contribute as one of the prognostic factors for curve progression that mostly occurs during PHV in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Yang
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Y W Lee
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A L H Hung
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - V W Y Hung
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M F Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T F Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A P S Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J C Y Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T P Lam
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Tang MF, Leung ASY, Ngai NA, Chan OM, Wong GWK, Leung TF. Prospective study of disease persistence and lung function trajectories of childhood asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13726. [PMID: 35212048 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A proportion of asthmatic children outgrow their disease by adulthood, but there are limited data on predictors for asthma persistence. This prospective study characterized the trajectory of spirometric indices and identified predictors for the persistence of childhood asthma. METHODS Chinese asthmatic children aged 6-15 years from pediatric allergy clinic underwent annual visits for ≥5 years and until their adulthood. Pre-bronchodilator spirometry and anti-asthma medications were recorded at baseline and then at least annually. Asthma resolution was defined when patients were free from asthma symptoms and use of anti-asthma drugs for ≥2 years. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors for asthma persistence. Generalized estimating equation was used to analyze longitudinal changes in lung function parameters in relation to asthma persistence. RESULTS 181 asthmatic children aged [mean (SD)] 10.0 (2.7) years were followed for [mean (SD)] 12.5 (2.8) years. One third of them outgrew asthma during follow-up. Female was 3.36 times more likely to have persistent asthma. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment ever and frequent asthma exacerbation (AE) predicted asthma persistence with respective odds ratios of 3.19 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44-7.09) and 3.05 (95% CI 1.39-6.68). Persistent asthma was inversely associated with baseline forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1 %) with an odds ratio of 0.96 (95% CI 0.93-1.00). Throughout follow-up, patients with persistent asthma had generally lower forced expiratory indices than those with asthma resolution. Children with persistent asthma experienced poorer lung function growth. CONCLUSIONS Female, ICS ever, and frequent AE predicted persistent asthma. Patients with persistent asthma had lower forced expiratory indices and poorer lung function growth into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Agnes Sze Yin Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Noelle Anne Ngai
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Oi Man Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gary Wing Kin Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Leung TF, Song YP, Hou J, Yin Leung AS, Tang MF, Shi M, Kwok-Wing Tsui S, Wong G. Exacerbation-related alterations in upper airway microbial composition and biodiversity in asthmatic children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yang G, Lee WYW, Hung ALH, Tang MF, Li X, Kong APS, Leung TF, Yung PSH, To KKW, Cheng JCY, Lam TP. Association of serum 25(OH)Vit-D levels with risk of pediatric fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1287-1300. [PMID: 33704541 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The association between the risk of fractures and suboptimal vitamin D (Vit-D) status remains controversial in children. This meta-analysis suggested that serum 25(OH)Vit-D levels were lower in pediatric cases with fractures. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)Vit-D) levels less than 50 nmol/L were associated with increased fracture risk in children. INTRODUCTION This study aimed to assess the association between serum 25(OH)Vit-D and the risk of fractures in children, and to explore the sources of heterogeneity and investigate their impact on results. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted for observational studies comparing serum 25(OH)Vit-D levels between fracture and non-fracture pediatric cases. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS Analysis on 17 case-control and 6 cross-sectional studies (2929 fracture cases and 5000 controls) suggested that 25(OH)Vit-D was lower in fracture cases than in controls (pooled mean difference (MD) = - 3.51 nmol/L; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 5.60 to - 1.42) with a heterogeneity (I2) of 73.9%. The sensitivity analysis which merged the case-control studies that had a NOS score ≥ 4 showed a pooled MD of - 4.35 nmol/L (95% CI: - 6.64 to - 2.06) with a heterogeneity (I2) of 35.9%. Pooled odds ratio of fracture in subjects with 25(OH)Vit-D ≤ 50 nmol/L compared to subjects with 25(OH)Vit-D > 50 nmol/L was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.10 to 1.53; I2 < 1%). CONCLUSION This study indicated that serum 25(OH)Vit-D levels were lower in pediatric patients with fractures. 25(OH)Vit-D ≤ 50 nmol/L was associated with increased fracture risk in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yang
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Y W Lee
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A L H Hung
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M F Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - X Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A P S Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T F Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P S H Yung
- JC Sports Medicine and Health Sciences Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K K W To
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J C Y Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T P Lam
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Tang NLS, Hui J, Huang D, Tang MF, Wang X, Wu J, Chan IHS, Leung TF. Reference intervals of spot urine copper excretion in preschool children and potential application in pre-symptomatic screening of Wilson disease. Pathology 2020; 52:439-446. [PMID: 32276787 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to determine the reference intervals of spot urine copper excretion indexes in pre-school children and to evaluate their utility in screening for Wilson disease (WD). With spot urine collected from a control sample of preschool children (aged 3-7 years, n=153), the reference intervals of spot urine copper excretion indexes and their biological variation were defined. In order to investigate their utility performance in screening for WD in this age group, multiple spot urine samples from six WD patients who were diagnosed at presymptomatic stage were also analysed and compared. Cut-off values useful for detection of WD were defined by receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. Biological (inter-individual) variation of spot urine copper indexes expressed as coefficient of variation (CVg) were around 60% at this age group, which was moderate and similar to other clinically useful urine tests, such as urine albumin excretion ratio. Spot urine copper excretion strongly correlated with both urine creatinine and osmolality. Linear regression against both creatinine and osmolality showed that ∼94% of data points in healthy preschool children fell within the prediction interval, suggesting that both were useful normalisation factors. ROC showed that copper to osmolality ratio was the best index with an area under curve (AUC) greater than 0.98. Cut-off values of 0.5 μmol/L, 0.1 μmol/mmol and 0.00085 μmol/mOsmol (32 μg/L, 56 μg/g creatinine and 0.054 μg/mOsmol, respectively, in conventional units) for spot urine copper concentration, copper to creatinine ratio and copper to osmolality ratio, respectively, have potential application in the differentiation of WD patients. Based on the data, a new WD screening strategy targeting preschool children is proposed. Application of a bivariate screening strategy using spot urine copper concentration and urine osmolality may be useful in a population-wide screening program for WD among preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Leung-Sang Tang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Joannie Hui
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xingyan Wang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Junyi Wu
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Iris H S Chan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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10
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Leung TF, Tang MF, Leung ASY, Kong APS, Liu TC, Chan RWY, Ma RCW, Sy HY, Chan JCN, Wong GWK. Cadherin-related family member 3 gene impacts childhood asthma in Chinese children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31:133-142. [PMID: 31610042 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A missense variant (rs6967330) of the gene encoding cadherin-related family member 3 (CDHR3) was associated with recurrent severe exacerbations in pre-schoolers. However, there were limited data on its relationship with pre-school lung function and school-age asthma. This study replicated the association between polymorphic markers at the region of CDHR3 around rs6967330 and wheezing phenotypes in two independent cohorts of Chinese children. METHODS Ten tagging SNPs located 10 kb around rs6967330 were selected by HaploView 5.0 based on 1000 Genomes database for Southern Han Chinese. Their associations with wheezing and lung function were examined in 1341 Chinese pre-school children, while those for asthma phenotypes were examined in an independent group of 2079 school-age children. Genotypic and haplotypic associations were analyzed by multivariate regression, and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction was used to examine epistatic interactions for wheezing traits. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of pre-school cohort was 4.7 (1.0) years. Rs6967330 was associated with current wheeze (odds ratio [OR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.43) and its severity (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.10-2.44) among pre-school children. This SNP was also associated with school-age asthma (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.69). The minor allele of rs408223 was associated with lower FEV0.5 (β = -2.411, P = .004) and FEV0.5 /FVC (β = -1.292, P = .015). Lower spirometric indices were also associated with minor allele of rs140154310. GAC haplotype from rs4730125, rs6967330, and rs408223 was associated with pre-school current wheeze and school-age asthma. Epistatic interaction was found between unrelated CDHR3 SNPs for FEV0.5 among pre-schoolers. CONCLUSION CDHR3 is a candidate gene for early-life wheezing, school-age asthma, and lung function in Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Agnes Sze Yin Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alice Pik Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Chi Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Renee Wan Yi Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald Ching Wan Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hing Yee Sy
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Juliana Chung Ngor Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gary Wing Kin Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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11
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Leung TF, Tang MF, Liu TC, Shan Kong AP, Yin Leung AS, Chan WY, Sy HY, Kin Wong GW. Cadherin-related Family Member 3 Gene is a Candidate Gene for Preschool Wheezing and Lung Function as well as Childhood Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Leung TF, Tang MF, Song YP, Leung ASY, Tao KP, Tsun JGS, Wong GWK, Chan RWY. Lack of Genetic Association between CDHR3 and Human Rhinovirus C Infection in Hong Kong Children Hospitalized for Respiratory Tract Infections. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Zhang J, Jin PP, Fang K, Yi QT, Tang MF, Chen CH, Guo JH, Gong M. [Relationship between decreased expression of inhibin B and spermatogenesis dysfunction in rats testis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:2880-2884. [PMID: 27760631 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.36.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of varicocele on the expressions of inhibin B in rat testes and the relationship between expression of inhibin B and spermatogenesis dysfunction. Methods: Twenty specific-pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomly divided into two groups with random number table: 4-week control group (C4) and 4-week experimental group(V4). Experimental varicocele was created by partial ligation of left renal vein in the V4 group; vein isolation without ligation was performed in the C4 group.Spermatogenetic function in the two groups were assessed. The expression of inhibin B in the rat testis was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, the expressions of inhibin B, Fas and Fas ligand(FasL)mRNA measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), and the inhibin B protein expression by Western blot. Results: In comparison of spermatogenetic function in left rat testes, the Johnsen scores in the V4 group were significantly lower than those in the C4 group (9.79±0.05 vs 9.97±0.02, P=0.023), the seminiferous epithelium in the V4 group was significantly thinner than that in the C4 group [(48.35±0.99)μm vs (57.58±1.98)μm, P=0.000], and the number of sperms in the left epididymis was significantly lower than in the right one in the V4 group [(933±161)×106/(ml·g) vs(1 552±184)×106/(ml·g), P=0.017]. Both Western blot and immunohistochemical assay showed that the expression of inhibin B in the rat testes was significantly lower in the V4 group than in the C4 group(0.407±0.053 vs 0.608±0.076, P=0.038; 0.161±0.004 vs 0.183±0.005, P=0.008). RT-PCR also detected reduced expression of inhibin B mRNA in the V4 group compared with the C4 group(0.522±0.050 vs 1.106±0.210, P=0.003. Compared to the C4 group, the expression of Fas mRNA in the V4 group was significantly lower, while the expression of FasL mRNA in the V4 group was significantly higher(P=0.019, 0.015). Conclusions: Varicocele can lead to decreased expressions of inhibin B in rat testes and cause spermatogenesis dysfunction. There may be a close correlation between down-regulation ofinhibin B expression and spermatogenesis dysfunction.Inhibin B may play a significant rolein the mechanisms underlying male infertility due to varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - P P Jin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - K Fang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Q T Yi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - M F Tang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - C H Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - J H Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - M Gong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China
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14
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Tang MF, Sy HY, Kong APS, Ko FWS, Wang SS, Liu TC, Chan WC, Wong GWK, Hon KL, Chan JCN, Hui DSC, Leung TF. Genetic effects of multiple asthma loci identified by genomewide association studies on asthma and spirometric indices. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2016; 27:185-94. [PMID: 26534891 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomewide association study (GWAS) published by GABRIEL consortium identified 10 asthma-associated loci. However, their relationship with lung functions is unclear. This study investigated the association between asthma traits and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these GWAS loci. METHODS Rs3894194 and rs9273349 were not genotyped due to unavailable TaqMan assays. Genetic associations of remaining eight SNPs were investigated in 903 school-age asthmatics and 1205 non-allergic controls. Four significant SNPs were then replicated in 479 adult asthmatics and 746 adult controls, and 1341 Chinese preschool children. Meta-analyses were performed by combining data from school-age children and adults. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to analyze their interactions for asthma traits. RESULTS Childhood asthma was associated with GSDMB_rs2305480 (odds ratio [OR] 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-0.83). IL13_rs1295686 was associated with all asthma (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.16-2.32) and early-onset asthma (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.20-3.06) in adults, whereas GSDMB_rs2305480 was only associated with early-onset asthma (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49-0.96). According to meta-analyses, the minor allele of rs2305480 was inversely associated with FEV1 , FVC, and FEV1 /FVC (p < 0.01). GMDR analyses revealed 2-locus models of SLC22A5 with SMAD3 to modulate FEVt /FVC in both preschool children and adults, with IL13 to determine FVC in both school-age children and adults, and with IL2RB to modulate FEV1 /FVC in school-age children. CONCLUSIONS IL13 and GSDMB are replicated as asthma genes. Rs2305480 of GSDMB is also associated with low FEV1 , FVC, and FEV1 /FVC among asthmatics. Moreover, SLC22A5, IL13, SMAD3, and GSDMB interact to modulate spirometric indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hing Yee Sy
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alice Pik-shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Fanny Wai-san Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Susan Shuxin Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Chi Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Wa Cheong Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gary Wing-kin Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Juliana Chung-ngor Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - David Shu-cheong Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Leung TF, Sy HY, Tang MF, Tam WWS, Chan WC, Li CY. IL33 May Modulate Longitudinal Changes of Spirometric Indices in Chinese Children with Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Tang MF, Sy HY, Kwok JSL, Tam WH, Hon KL, Tung CKC, Wong GWK, Tsui SKW, Leung TF. Eczema susceptibility and composition of faecal microbiota at 4 weeks of age: a pilot study in Chinese infants. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:898-900. [PMID: 26408944 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M F Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - H Y Sy
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J S L Kwok
- Department of School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - W H Tam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K L Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C K C Tung
- Department of School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - G W K Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S K W Tsui
- Department of School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - T F Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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17
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Leung TF, Wang SS, Tang MF, Kong APS, Sy HY, Hon KL, Chan JCN, Wong GWK. Childhood asthma and spirometric indices are associated with polymorphic markers of two vitamin D 25-hydroxylase genes. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2015; 26:375-82. [PMID: 25845986 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphic markers of vitamin D pathway genes have been associated with asthma traits in different White populations. This study investigated the relationship between asthma phenotypes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D binding protein (GC), two 25-hydroxylases (CYP2R1 and CYP27A1), and 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) in Hong Kong Chinese children. METHODS 23 SNPs of the five vitamin D pathway genes were successfully genotyped in 914 asthmatic children and 1231 non-allergic controls. Genotypic and haplotypic associations with asthma phenotypes (diagnosis, spirometric indices, total IgE, and eosinophil percentage) were analyzed by multivariate regression. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction was used to detect epistatic interactions between SNPs for asthma phenotypes. RESULTS Several SNPs of CYP27A1, CYP27B1, GC, and CYP2R1 were associated with asthma or spirometric indices, although only the association between FEV1 and CYP2R1 rs7935792 passed Bonferroni correction (p = 2.73 × 10(-4) ). Patients with CC genotype of rs7935792 had higher FEV1 than those with the other two genotypes. Asthma was also associated with TT haplotype of CYP27A1 and AGGATA haplotype of CYP2R1 (p = 0.021 and 0.024, respectively). Besides, strong association was found between FEV1 and GATAG of CYP2R1 (β = 13.37, p = 4.83 × 10(-4) ). GMDR failed to identify any 2-locus to 4-locus interaction that modulated asthma or spirometric indices. CONCLUSIONS Several SNPs and haplotypes of CYP2R1 are associated with asthma diagnosis and FEV1 in children. Asthma is also modestly associated with a CYP27A1 haplotype. These two 25-hydroxylase genes may be genetic determinants for asthma phenotypes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Susan Shuxin Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Man Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alice Pik-Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hing Yee Sy
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Juliana Chung-ngor Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gary Wing-kin Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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18
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Leung TF, Tang MF, Wang SS, Kong AP, Sy HY, Wong GW. Interactions Between SLC22A5, IL13 and SMAD3 Modulate Spirometric Indices in Chinese Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Tang MF, Zhang YH. [Precautionary education against extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy complication]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1996; 31:1-4. [PMID: 8716706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of precautionary education against Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy complication in urinary system is to help patients build knowledge, trust, and collaboration. The methods of the education include 1) group education--reading pamphlet which we specially provide and receiving regular information, 2) individual education--giving advice prior to treatment and something special to the patient's needs. Educational content include drinking water, physical adjustment and postural drainage. Three years clinical practice showed that precautionary education could reduce unnecessary complication after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and it needs further attention in this field.
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