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Rodríguez-Belenguer P, Mangas-Sanjuan V, Soria-Olivas E, Pastor M. Integrating Mechanistic and Toxicokinetic Information in Predictive Models of Cholestasis. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:2775-2788. [PMID: 37660324 PMCID: PMC11005038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug development involves the thorough assessment of the candidate's safety and efficacy. In silico toxicology (IST) methods can contribute to the assessment, complementing in vitro and in vivo experimental methods, since they have many advantages in terms of cost and time. Also, they are less demanding concerning the requirements of product and experimental animals. One of these methods, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR), has been proven successful in predicting simple toxicity end points but has more difficulties in predicting end points involving more complex phenomena. We hypothesize that QSAR models can produce better predictions of these end points by combining multiple QSAR models describing simpler biological phenomena and incorporating pharmacokinetic (PK) information, using quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) models. In this study, we applied our methodology to the prediction of cholestasis and compared it with direct QSAR models. Our results show a clear increase in sensitivity. The predictive quality of the models was further assessed to mimic realistic conditions where the query compounds show low similarity with the training series. Again, our methodology shows clear advantages over direct QSAR models in these situations. We conclude that the proposed methodology could improve existing methodologies and could be suitable for being applied to other toxicity end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-Belenguer
- Research
Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine
and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra,
Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor Mangas-Sanjuan
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Interuniversity
Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Soria-Olivas
- IDAL,
Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, ETSE, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research
Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine
and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra,
Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Mortier P, Amigo F, Bhargav M, Conde S, Ferrer M, Flygare O, Kizilaslan B, Latorre Moreno L, Leis A, Mayer MA, Pérez-Sola V, Portillo-Van Diest A, Ramírez-Anguita JM, Sanz F, Vilagut G, Alonso J, Mehlum L, Arensman E, Bjureberg J, Pastor M, Qin P. Developing a clinical decision support system software prototype that assists in the management of patients with self-harm in the emergency department: protocol of the PERMANENS project. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:220. [PMID: 38509500 PMCID: PMC10956300 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm presents a significant public health challenge. Emergency departments (EDs) are crucial healthcare settings in managing self-harm, but clinician uncertainty in risk assessment may contribute to ineffective care. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) show promise in enhancing care processes, but their effective implementation in self-harm management remains unexplored. METHODS PERMANENS comprises a combination of methodologies and study designs aimed at developing a CDSS prototype that assists clinicians in the personalized assessment and management of ED patients presenting with self-harm. Ensemble prediction models will be constructed by applying machine learning techniques on electronic registry data from four sites, i.e., Catalonia (Spain), Ireland, Norway, and Sweden. These models will predict key adverse outcomes including self-harm repetition, suicide, premature death, and lack of post-discharge care. Available registry data include routinely collected electronic health record data, mortality data, and administrative data, and will be harmonized using the OMOP Common Data Model, ensuring consistency in terminologies, vocabularies and coding schemes. A clinical knowledge base of effective suicide prevention interventions will be developed rooted in a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines, including quality assessment of guidelines using the AGREE II tool. The CDSS software prototype will include a backend that integrates the prediction models and the clinical knowledge base to enable accurate patient risk stratification and subsequent intervention allocation. The CDSS frontend will enable personalized risk assessment and will provide tailored treatment plans, following a tiered evidence-based approach. Implementation research will ensure the CDSS' practical functionality and feasibility, and will include periodic meetings with user-advisory groups, mixed-methods research to identify currently unmet needs in self-harm risk assessment, and small-scale usability testing of the CDSS prototype software. DISCUSSION Through the development of the proposed CDSS software prototype, PERMANENS aims to standardize care, enhance clinician confidence, improve patient satisfaction, and increase treatment compliance. The routine integration of CDSS for self-harm risk assessment within healthcare systems holds significant potential in effectively reducing suicide mortality rates by facilitating personalized and timely delivery of effective interventions on a large scale for individuals at risk of suicide.
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Grants
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- AC22/00006; AC22/00045 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia
- ESF+; CP21/00078 ISCIII-FSE Miguel Servet co-funded by the European Social Fund Plus
- PI22/00107 ISCIII and co-funded by the European Union
- PI22/00107 ISCIII and co-funded by the European Union
- PI22/00107 ISCIII and co-funded by the European Union
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- 202220-30-31 Fundación la Marató de TV3
- FI23/00004 PFIS ISCIII
- FI23/00004 PFIS ISCIII
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- SGR 00624 the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- CIBERESP; CB06/02/0046 CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
- CIBERESP; CB06/02/0046 CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
- CIBERESP; CB06/02/0046 CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
- CIBERESP; CB06/02/0046 CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
- CIBERESP; CB06/02/0046 CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
- CIBERESP; CB06/02/0046 CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
- ERAPERMED2022 the Health Research Board Ireland
- ERAPERMED2022 the Health Research Board Ireland
- no. 2022-00549 the Swedish Innovation Agency
- no. 2022-00549 the Swedish Innovation Agency
- project no. 342386 the Research Council of Norway
- project no. 342386 the Research Council of Norway
- project no. 342386 the Research Council of Norway
- the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2021
- CIBER of Epidemiology & Public Health
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Mortier
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Franco Amigo
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Madhav Bhargav
- School of Public Health & National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Susana Conde
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Ferrer
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oskar Flygare
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Busenur Kizilaslan
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Latorre Moreno
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Leis
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Mayer
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Pérez-Sola
- Neuropsychiatry and Drug Addiction Institute, Barcelona MAR Health Park Consortium PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Mental Health and Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Portillo-Van Diest
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ramírez-Anguita
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- National Bioinformatics Institute - ELIXIR-ES (IMPaCT-Data-ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Carrer Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lars Mehlum
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health & National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Johan Bjureberg
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ping Qin
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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3
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Méndez M, Pastor M, Lesaca AC. Climate Change, Migration, and Health Disparities at and Beyond the US-Mexico Border. JAMA 2024; 331:696-697. [PMID: 38315469 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This JAMA Insights in the Climate Change and Health series discusses the increase in extreme weather events caused by climate change and how these events bring about increased migration due to effects on water availability, food access, and rates of endemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Méndez
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Equity Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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4
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Rodríguez-Belenguer P, March-Vila E, Pastor M, Mangas-Sanjuan V, Soria-Olivas E. Usage of model combination in computational toxicology. Toxicol Lett 2023; 389:34-44. [PMID: 37890682 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) have ushered in a new era in the field of toxicology, aiming to replace animal testing. However, despite these advancements, they are not exempt from the inherent complexities associated with the study's endpoint. In this review, we have identified three major groups of complexities: mechanistic, chemical space, and methodological. The mechanistic complexity arises from interconnected biological processes within a network that are challenging to model in a single step. In the second group, chemical space complexity exhibits significant dissimilarity between compounds in the training and test series. The third group encompasses algorithmic and molecular descriptor limitations and typical class imbalance problems. To address these complexities, this work provides a guide to the usage of a combination of predictive Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models, known as metamodels. This combination of low-level models (LLMs) enables a more precise approach to the problem by focusing on different sub-mechanisms or sub-processes. For mechanistic complexity, multiple Molecular Initiating Events (MIEs) or levels of information are combined to form a mechanistic-based metamodel. Regarding the complexity arising from chemical space, two types of approaches were reviewed to construct a fragment-based chemical space metamodel: those with and without structure sharing. Metamodels with structure sharing utilize unsupervised strategies to identify data patterns and build low-level models for each cluster, which are then combined. For situations without structure sharing due to pharmaceutical industry intellectual property, the use of prediction sharing, and federated learning approaches have been reviewed. Lastly, to tackle methodological complexity, various algorithms are combined to overcome their limitations, diverse descriptors are employed to enhance problem definition and balanced dataset combinations are used to address class imbalance issues (methodological-based metamodels). Remarkably, metamodels consistently outperformed classical QSAR models across all cases, highlighting the importance of alternatives to classical QSAR models when faced with such complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-Belenguer
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eric March-Vila
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Mangas-Sanjuan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Soria-Olivas
- IDAL, Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, ETSE, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
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5
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Kopańska K, Rodríguez-Belenguer P, Llopis-Lorente J, Trenor B, Saiz J, Pastor M. Uncertainty assessment of proarrhythmia predictions derived from multi-level in silico models. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2721-2740. [PMID: 37528229 PMCID: PMC10474996 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03557-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
In silico methods can be used for an early assessment of arrhythmogenic properties of drug candidates. However, their use for decision-making is conditioned by the possibility to estimate the predictions' uncertainty. This work describes our efforts to develop uncertainty quantification methods for the predictions produced by multi-level proarrhythmia models. In silico models used in this field usually start with experimental or predicted IC50 values that describe drug-induced ion channel blockade. Using such inputs, an electrophysiological model computes how the ion channel inhibition, exerted by a drug in a certain concentration, translates to an altered shape and duration of the action potential in cardiac cells, which can be represented as arrhythmogenic risk biomarkers such as the APD90. Using this framework, we identify the main sources of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties and propose a method based on probabilistic simulations that replaces single-point estimates predicted using multiple input values, including the IC50s and the electrophysiological parameters, by distributions of values. Two selected variability types associated with these inputs are then propagated through the multi-level model to estimate their impact on the uncertainty levels in the output, expressed by means of intervals. The proposed approach yields single predictions of arrhythmogenic risk biomarkers together with value intervals, providing a more comprehensive and realistic description of drug effects on a human population. The methodology was tested by predicting arrhythmogenic biomarkers on a series of twelve well-characterised marketed drugs, belonging to different arrhythmogenic risk classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kopańska
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Rodríguez-Belenguer
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Llopis-Lorente
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Trenor
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Saiz
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
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6
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Béquignon OM, Gómez-Tamayo JC, Lenselink EB, Wink S, Hiemstra S, Lam CC, Gadaleta D, Roncaglioni A, Norinder U, Water BVD, Pastor M, van Westen GJP. Collaborative SAR Modeling and Prospective In Vitro Validation of Oxidative Stress Activation in Human HepG2 Cells. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:5433-5445. [PMID: 37616385 PMCID: PMC10498489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the consequence of an abnormal increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are generated mainly during the metabolism in both normal and pathological conditions as well as from exposure to xenobiotics. Xenobiotics can, on the one hand, disrupt molecular machinery involved in redox processes and, on the other hand, reduce the effectiveness of the antioxidant activity. Such dysregulation may lead to oxidative damage when combined with oxidative stress overpassing the cell capacity to detoxify ROS. In this work, a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-regulated sulfiredoxin reporter (Srxn1-GFP) was used to measure the antioxidant response of HepG2 cells to a large series of drug and drug-like compounds (2230 compounds). These compounds were then classified as positive or negative depending on cellular response and distributed among different modeling groups to establish structure-activity relationship (SAR) models. A selection of models was used to prospectively predict oxidative stress induced by a new set of compounds subsequently experimentally tested to validate the model predictions. Altogether, this exercise exemplifies the different challenges of developing SAR models of a phenotypic cellular readout, model combination, chemical space selection, and results interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier
J. M. Béquignon
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jose C. Gómez-Tamayo
- Research
Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine
and Life Sciences, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eelke B. Lenselink
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Wink
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Hiemstra
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chi Chung Lam
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Domenico Gadaleta
- Laboratory
of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental
Health Sciences, IRCCS—Istituto di
Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via la Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Laboratory
of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental
Health Sciences, IRCCS—Istituto di
Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via la Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Ulf Norinder
- MTM
Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bob van de Water
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research
Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine
and Life Sciences, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard J. P. van Westen
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Wassenaarseweg 76, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Sanz F, Pognan F, Steger-Hartmann T, Díaz C, Asakura S, Amberg A, Bécourt-Lhote N, Blomberg N, Bosc N, Briggs K, Bringezu F, Brulle-Wohlhueter C, Brunak S, Bueters R, Callegaro G, Capella-Gutierrez S, Centeno E, Corvi J, Cronin MTD, Drew P, Duchateau-Nguyen G, Ecker GF, Escher S, Felix E, Ferreiro M, Frericks M, Furlong LI, Geiger R, George C, Grandits M, Ivanov-Draganov D, Kilgour-Christie J, Kiziloren T, Kors JA, Koyama N, Kreuchwig A, Leach AR, Mayer MA, Monecke P, Muster W, Nakazawa CM, Nicholson G, Parry R, Pastor M, Piñero J, Oberhauser N, Ramírez-Anguita JM, Rodrigo A, Smajic A, Schaefer M, Schieferdecker S, Soininen I, Terricabras E, Trairatphisan P, Turner SC, Valencia A, van de Water B, van der Lei JL, van Mulligen EM, Vock E, Wilkinson D. eTRANSAFE: data science to empower translational safety assessment. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:605-606. [PMID: 37316648 DOI: 10.1038/d41573-023-00099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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8
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Cronin MTD, Belfield SJ, Briggs KA, Enoch SJ, Firman JW, Frericks M, Garrard C, Maccallum PH, Madden JC, Pastor M, Sanz F, Soininen I, Sousoni D. Making in silico predictive models for toxicology FAIR. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 140:105385. [PMID: 37037390 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
In silico predictive models for toxicology include quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and physiologically based kinetic (PBK) approaches to predict physico-chemical and ADME properties, toxicological effects and internal exposure. Such models are used to fill data gaps as part of chemical risk assessment. There is a growing need to ensure in silico predictive models for toxicology are available for use and reproducible. This paper describes how the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles, developed for data sharing, have been applied to in silico predictive models. In particular, this investigation has focussed on how the FAIR principles could be applied to improved regulatory acceptance of predictions from such models. Eighteen principles have been developed that cover all aspects of FAIR. It is intended that FAIRification of in silico predictive models for toxicology will increase their use and acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T D Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Samuel J Belfield
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Katharine A Briggs
- Lhasa Limited, Granary Wharf House, 2 Canal Wharf, Holbeck, Leeds, LS11 5PS, UK
| | - Steven J Enoch
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - James W Firman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Markus Frericks
- BASF SE, APD/ET - Li 444, Speyerer St 2, 67117, Limburgerhof, Germany
| | - Clare Garrard
- ELIXIR, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Peter H Maccallum
- ELIXIR, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Judith C Madden
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dept. of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dept. of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inari Soininen
- Synapse Research Management Partners SL, Calle Velazquez 94, planta 1, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Despoina Sousoni
- ELIXIR, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
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9
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March-Vila E, Ferretti G, Terricabras E, Ardao I, Brea JM, Varela MJ, Arana Á, Rubiolo JA, Sanz F, Loza MI, Sánchez L, Alonso H, Pastor M. A continuous in silico learning strategy to identify safety liabilities in compounds used in the leather and textile industry. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1091-1111. [PMID: 36781432 PMCID: PMC10025185 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a widely recognized need to reduce human activity's impact on the environment. Many industries of the leather and textile sector (LTI), being aware of producing a significant amount of residues (Keßler et al. 2021; Liu et al. 2021), are adopting measures to reduce the impact of their processes on the environment, starting with a more comprehensive characterization of the chemical risk associated with the substances commonly used in LTI. The present work contributes to these efforts by compiling and toxicologically annotating the substances used in LTI, supporting a continuous learning strategy for characterizing their chemical safety. This strategy combines data collection from public sources, experimental methods and in silico predictions for characterizing four different endpoints: CMR, ED, PBT, and vPvB. We present the results of a prospective validation exercise in which we confirm that in silico methods can produce reasonably good hazard estimations and fill knowledge gaps in the LTI chemical space. The proposed protocol can speed the process and optimize the use of resources including the lives of experimental animals, contributing to identifying potentially harmful substances and their possible replacement by safer alternatives, thus reducing the environmental footprint and impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric March-Vila
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giacomo Ferretti
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Terricabras
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Ardao
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Innopharma Drug Screening and Pharmacogenomics Platform. BioFarma Research Group. Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Brea
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Innopharma Drug Screening and Pharmacogenomics Platform. BioFarma Research Group. Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Varela
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Innopharma Drug Screening and Pharmacogenomics Platform. BioFarma Research Group. Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Álvaro Arana
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Juan Andrés Rubiolo
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Isabel Loza
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Innopharma Drug Screening and Pharmacogenomics Platform. BioFarma Research Group. Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002, Lugo, Spain
- Preclinical Animal Models Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Héctor Alonso
- Department of Sustainability, INDITEX, Av. da Deputación, 15412, Arteixo, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Rodríguez-Belenguer P, Kopańska K, Llopis-Lorente J, Trenor B, Saiz J, Pastor M. Application of machine learning to improve the efficiency of electrophysiological simulations used for the prediction of drug-induced ventricular arrhythmia. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2023; 230:107345. [PMID: 36689808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In silico prediction of drug-induced ventricular arrhythmia often requires computationally intensive simulations, making its application tedious and non-interactive. This inconvenience can be mitigated using matrices of precomputed simulation results, allowing instantaneous computation of biomarkers such as action potential duration at 90% of the repolarisation (APD90). However, preparing such matrices can be computationally intensive for the method developers, limiting the range of simulated conditions. In this work, we aim to optimise the generation of these matrices so that they can be obtained with less effort and for a broader range of input values. METHODS Machine learning methods were applied, building models trained with only a small fraction of the originally simulated results. The predictive performances of the models were assessed by comparing their predicted values with the actual simulation results, using percentual mean absolute error and mean relative error, as well as the percentage of data with a relative error below 5%. RESULTS Our method obtained highly accurate estimations of the original values, leading to a nearly one hundred-fold decrease in computation time. This method also allows precomputing more complex matrices, describing the effect of more ion channels on the APD90. The best results were obtained by applying Support Vector Machine models, which yielded errors below 1% in most cases. This approach was further validated by predicting the APD90 of a set of 12 CiPA compounds and exporting the optimal settings for predicting APD90 using a different set of ion channels, always with satisfactory results. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method effectively reduces the computational effort required to generate matrices of precomputed electrophysiological simulation values. The same approach can be applied in other fields where computationally costly simulations are applied repeatedly using slightly different input values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-Belenguer
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Karolina Kopańska
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Llopis-Lorente
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Trenor
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Saiz
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Kopanska K, Pastor M. P04-10 Application of Dempster-Shafer theory to estimate uncertainty in hazard assessment obtained by combining computational and experimental results. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Le TV, Pastor M. Family Matters: Modeling Naturalization Propensities in the United States. International Migration Review 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/01979183221112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the benefits of gaining citizenship, many eligible immigrants in the United States are not naturalizing. In this article, we examine factors that lead to naturalization in the United States, finding that immigrants’ pathways to citizenship are simultaneously shaped by individual characteristics, place-based attributes, and family dynamics. Of notable significance, and largely omitted from previous empirical work on naturalization, we find that having a naturalized spouse prior to one’s own naturalization is associated with a higher probability of naturalization, whereas being married to an undocumented immigrant reduces the probability of naturalization. Similarly, having a naturalized adult in the family other than a spouse improves the odds of naturalization, but having an undocumented family member other than a spouse reduces the odds. These findings suggest that while eligible immigrants with naturalized family members are more likely to improve their access to naturalization through pooled resources and increased information sharing, eligible immigrants with undocumented family members are more likely to avoid the naturalization process entirely, likely due to chilling effects from immigrant enforcement and policies that target close ties with liminal legality. These findings suggest that immigrants’ access to citizenship could be improved by (1) reaching immigrants who are the first in their families to naturalize and (2) improving the context of reception for undocumented immigrants and mixed-status families. More broadly, while individual factors play a role in naturalization, complex contextual factors, including place and family, shape immigrants’ pathways to citizenship and provide opportunities for new policies to promote immigrant integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai V. Le
- University of Southern California, United States
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13
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Pastor M, Speer P, Gupta J, Han H, Ito J. Community Power and Health Equity: Closing the Gap between Scholarship and Practice. NAM Perspect 2022; 2022:10.31478/202206c. [PMID: 36177207 PMCID: PMC9499379 DOI: 10.31478/202206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Pastor M, Sanz F, Bringezu F. Development of In Silico Methods for Toxicity Prediction in Collaboration Between Academia and the Pharmaceutical Industry. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2425:119-131. [PMID: 35188630 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1960-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry would benefit from the collaboration with academic groups in the development of predictive safety models using the newest computational technologies. However, this collaboration is sometimes hampered by the handling of confidential proprietary information and different working practices in both environments. In this manuscript, we propose a strategy for facilitating this collaboration, based on the use of modeling frameworks developed for facilitating the use of sensitive data, as well as the development, interchange, hosting, and use of predictive models in production. The strategy is illustrated with a real example in which we used Flame, an open-source modeling framework developed in our group, for the development of an in silico eye irritation model. The model was based on bibliographic data, refined during the company-academic group collaboration, and enriched with the incorporation of confidential data, yielding a useful model that was validated experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Bringezu
- Chemical and Preclinical Safety, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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15
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Navas P, Molinos M, Stickle MM, Manzanal D, Yagüe A, Pastor M. Explicit meshfree u - p w solution of the dynamic Biot formulation at large strain. Comput Part Mech 2021; 9:655-671. [PMID: 35765688 PMCID: PMC9232478 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-021-00436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an efficient and robust methodology to simulate saturated soils subjected to low-medium frequency dynamic loadings under large deformation regime is presented. The coupling between solid and fluid phases is solved through the dynamic reduced formulation u - p w (solid displacement - pore water pressure) of the Biot's equations. The additional novelty lies in the employment of an explicit two-steps Newmark predictor-corrector time integration scheme that enables accurate solutions of related geomechanical problems at large strain without the usually high computational cost associated with the implicit counterparts. Shape functions based on the elegant Local Maximum Entropy approach, through the Optimal Transportation Meshfree framework, are considered to solve numerically different dynamic problems in fluid saturated porous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Navas
- Department of Continuum Mechanics and Theory of Structures, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Molinos
- Department of Mathematics Applied to Civil Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel M. Stickle
- Department of Mathematics Applied to Civil Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Manzanal
- Department of Continuum Mechanics and Theory of Structures, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Yagüe
- Department of Continuum Mechanics and Theory of Structures, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Department of Mathematics Applied to Civil Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Kopanska K, Gómez-Tamayo J, Llopis-Lorente J, Trenor-Gomis B, Sáiz J, Pastor M. Estimation of uncertainty in multi-level in silico models predicting biomarkers of drug-induced proarrhythmic risk. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Van der Stel W, Carta G, Eakins J, Delp J, Suciu I, Forsby A, Cediel-Ulloa A, Attoff K, Troger F, Kamp H, Gardner I, Zdrazil B, Moné MJ, Ecker GF, Pastor M, Gómez-Tamayo JC, White A, Danen EHJ, Leist M, Walker P, Jennings P, Hougaard Bennekou S, Van de Water B. New approach methods supporting read-across: Two neurotoxicity AOP-based IATA case studies. ALTEX 2021; 38:615-635. [PMID: 34114044 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Read-across approaches are considered key in moving away from in vivo animal testing towards addressing data-gaps using new approach methods (NAMs). Ample successful examples are still required to substantiate this strategy. Here we present and discuss the learnings from two OECD IATA endorsed read-across case studies. They involve two classes of pesticides -rotenoids and strobilurins- each having a defined mode-of-action that is assessed for its neurological hazard by means of an AOP-based testing strategy coupled to toxicokinetic simulations of human tissue concentrations. The endpoint in question is potential mitochondrial respiratory chain mediated neurotoxicity, specifically through inhibition of complex I or III. An AOP linking inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons formed the basis for both cases, but was deployed in two different regulatory contexts. The two cases also exemplify several different read-across concepts: analogue versus category approach, consolidated versus putative AOP, positive versus negative prediction (i.e., neurotoxicity versus low potential for neurotoxicity), and structural versus biological similarity. We applied a range of NAMs to explore the toxicodynamic properties of the compounds, e.g., in silico docking as well as in vitro assays and readouts -including transcriptomics- in various cell systems, all anchored to the relevant AOPs. Interestingly, although some of the data addressing certain elements of the read-across were associated with high uncertainty, their impact on the overall read-across conclusion remained limited. Coupled to the elaborate regulatory review that the two cases underwent, we propose some generic learnings of AOP-based testing strategies supporting read-across.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Van der Stel
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Giada Carta
- Division of Molecular and Computational Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, AIMMS, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julie Eakins
- Cyprotex Discovery Ltd., Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Delp
- Chair for In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ilinca Suciu
- Chair for In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anna Forsby
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Kristina Attoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florentina Troger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Barbara Zdrazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martijn J Moné
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain
| | | | | | - Erik H J Danen
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Leist
- Chair for In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Paul Walker
- Cyprotex Discovery Ltd., Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Jennings
- Division of Molecular and Computational Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, AIMMS, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bob Van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Pastor M, Gómez-Tamayo JC, Sanz F. Flame: an open source framework for model development, hosting, and usage in production environments. J Cheminform 2021; 13:31. [PMID: 33875019 PMCID: PMC8054391 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-021-00509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes Flame, an open source software for building predictive models and supporting their use in production environments. Flame is a web application with a web-based graphic interface, which can be used as a desktop application or installed in a server receiving requests from multiple users. Models can be built starting from any collection of biologically annotated chemical structures since the software supports structural normalization, molecular descriptor calculation, and machine learning model generation using predefined workflows. The model building workflow can be customized from the graphic interface, selecting the type of normalization, molecular descriptors, and machine learning algorithm to be used from a panel of state-of-the-art methods implemented natively. Moreover, Flame implements a mechanism allowing to extend its source code, adding unlimited model customization. Models generated with Flame can be easily exported, facilitating collaborative model development. All models are stored in a model repository supporting model versioning. Models are identified by unique model IDs and include detailed documentation formatted using widely accepted standards. The current version is the result of nearly 3 years of development in collaboration with users from the pharmaceutical industry within the IMI eTRANSAFE project, which aims, among other objectives, to develop high-quality predictive models based on shared legacy data for assessing the safety of drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Carlos Gómez-Tamayo
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Pognan F, Steger-Hartmann T, Díaz C, Blomberg N, Bringezu F, Briggs K, Callegaro G, Capella-Gutierrez S, Centeno E, Corvi J, Drew P, Drewe WC, Fernández JM, Furlong LI, Guney E, Kors JA, Mayer MA, Pastor M, Piñero J, Ramírez-Anguita JM, Ronzano F, Rowell P, Saüch-Pitarch J, Valencia A, van de Water B, van der Lei J, van Mulligen E, Sanz F. The eTRANSAFE Project on Translational Safety Assessment through Integrative Knowledge Management: Achievements and Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030237. [PMID: 33800393 PMCID: PMC7999019 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
eTRANSAFE is a research project funded within the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI), which aims at developing integrated databases and computational tools (the eTRANSAFE ToxHub) that support the translational safety assessment of new drugs by using legacy data provided by the pharmaceutical companies that participate in the project. The project objectives include the development of databases containing preclinical and clinical data, computational systems for translational analysis including tools for data query, analysis and visualization, as well as computational models to explain and predict drug safety events.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Pognan
- Preclinical Safety/Translational Medicine, Novartis, 4057 Basel, Switzerland;
| | | | - Carlos Díaz
- Synapse Research Managers SL, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Frank Bringezu
- Chemical & Preclinical Safety, Merck Healthcare KGaA, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | | | - Giulia Callegaro
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; (G.C.); (B.v.d.W.)
| | | | - Emilio Centeno
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Javier Corvi
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.-G.); (J.C.); (J.M.F.); (A.V.)
| | | | | | - José M. Fernández
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.-G.); (J.C.); (J.M.F.); (A.V.)
| | - Laura I. Furlong
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
- MedBioinformatics Solutions SL, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emre Guney
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Jan A. Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (J.A.K.); (J.v.d.L.); (E.v.M.)
| | - Miguel Angel Mayer
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Manuel Pastor
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Janet Piñero
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Juan Manuel Ramírez-Anguita
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Francesco Ronzano
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Philip Rowell
- Lhasa Limited, Leeds LS11 5PS, UK; (K.B.); (W.C.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Josep Saüch-Pitarch
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.-G.); (J.C.); (J.M.F.); (A.V.)
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bob van de Water
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; (G.C.); (B.v.d.W.)
| | - Johan van der Lei
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (J.A.K.); (J.v.d.L.); (E.v.M.)
| | - Erik van Mulligen
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (J.A.K.); (J.v.d.L.); (E.v.M.)
| | - Ferran Sanz
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (L.I.F.); (E.G.); (M.A.M.); (M.P.); (J.P.); (J.M.R.-A.); (F.R.); (J.S.-P.)
- Correspondence:
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Briggs K, Bosc N, Camara T, Diaz C, Drew P, Drewe WC, Kors J, Van Mulligen E, Pastor M, Pognan F, Quintana JR, Sarntivijai S, Steger-Hartmann T. Guidelines for FAIR sharing of preclinical safety and off-target pharmacology data. ALTEX 2021; 38:187-197. [PMID: 33637997 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2011181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pre-competitive data sharing can offer the pharmaceutical industry significant benefits in terms of reducing the time and costs involved in getting a new drug to market through more informed testing strategies and knowledge gained by pooling data. If sufficient data is shared and can be co-analyzed, then it can also offer the potential for reduced animal usage and improvements in the in silico prediction of toxicological effects. Data sharing benefits can be further enhanced by applying the FAIR Guiding Principles, reducing time spent curating, transforming and aggregating datasets and allowing more time for data mining and analysis. We hope to facilitate data sharing by other organizations and initiatives by describing lessons learned as part of the Enhancing TRANslational SAFEty Assessment through Integrative Knowledge Management (eTRANSAFE) project, an Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) partnership which aims to integrate publicly available data sources with proprietary preclinical and clinical data donated by pharmaceutical organizations. Methods to foster trust and overcome non-technical barriers to data sharing such as legal and IPR (intellectual property rights) are described, including the security requirements that pharmaceutical organizations generally expect to be met. We share the consensus achieved among pharmaceutical partners on decision criteria to be included in internal clearance procedures used to decide if data can be shared. We also report on the consensus achieved on specific data fields to be excluded from sharing for sensitive preclinical safety and pharmacology data that could otherwise not be shared.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carlos Diaz
- Synapse Research Management Partners S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jan Kors
- Dept. of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Van Mulligen
- Dept. of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Pastor
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francois Pognan
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Ramon Quintana
- GRIB, Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Thomas Steger-Hartmann
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals Investigational Toxicology Building, Berlin, Germany
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21
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Correa J, Pastor M, Céspedes E, Magliano J, Bazzano C. Tissue-Sparing Outcome of Mohs Micrographic Surgery in Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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22
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Correa J, Pastor M, Céspedes E, Magliano J, Bazzano C. Tissue-Sparing Outcome of Mohs Micrographic Surgery in Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2020; 111:847-851. [PMID: 32717186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micrographic Mohs Surgery (MMS) offers the highest cure rates and healthy skin tissue sparing effect compared with standard excision. OBJECTIVE To quantify the tissue-sparing properties of MMS in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in comparison with standard excision (SE). METHODS A bidirectional, descriptive study, including 94 cases of SCC, was performed, on patients with histologic diagnosis of SCC (in situ, well differentiated, moderately differentiated, and undifferentiated), that where operated with MMS between 2013 and 2018 at Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela in Montevideo, Uruguay. Tumor size and defect area after MMS were measured in 2 perpendicular directions. The suspected defect area was calculated with standard excision using a 4-mm margin for low risk lesions and a 10-mm margin for high risk lesions. The primary outcome of this study was the size of the defect area post MMS compared with the calculated defect area with standard excision. RESULTS The median tumor size was 1,41mm2, and the median defect size after MMS was 4,12mm2. The median defect size calculated for standard surgical excision was 8,36mm2. LIMITATIONS We do not use all National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria. We define low and high risk lesions just taking into account anatomical location, size, histopathology and whether it was a primary or recurrent tumor. CONCLUSION Our results show that MMS has a tissue-sparing effect of at least 52% compared to SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Correa
- Unidad de Cirugía Dermatológica, Hospital Dr. Manuel Quintela, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - M Pastor
- Unidad de Cirugía Dermatológica, Hospital Dr. Manuel Quintela, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - E Céspedes
- Unidad de Cirugía Dermatológica, Hospital Dr. Manuel Quintela, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - J Magliano
- Unidad de Cirugía Dermatológica, Hospital Dr. Manuel Quintela, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Bazzano
- Unidad de Cirugía Dermatológica, Hospital Dr. Manuel Quintela, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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23
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Vairo C, Basas J, Pastor M, Palau M, Gomis X, Almirante B, Gainza E, Hernandez RM, Igartua M, Gavaldà J, Gainza G. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of sodium colistimethate and amikacin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Nanomedicine 2020; 29:102259. [PMID: 32619707 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sodium colistimethate (SCM) and amikacin (AMK) are among the few antibiotics effective against resistant P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii; however, their toxicity severely limits their use. Enclosing antibiotics into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) might decrease drug toxicity and improve antibiotic disposition. In this work, SCM or AMK was loaded into different NLC formulations, through high pressure homogenization, and their in vitro and in vivo effectiveness was analyzed. The encapsulation process did not reduce drug effectiveness since in vitro SCM-NLC and AMK-NLC drug activity was equal to that of the free drugs. As cryoprotectant, trehalose showed better properties than dextran. Instead, positive chitosan coating was discarded due to its limited cost-efficiency. Finally, the in vivo study in acute pneumonia model revealed that intraperitoneal administration was superior to the intramuscular route and confirmed that (-) SCM-NLC with trehalose, was the most suitable formulation against an extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vairo
- BioKeralty Research Institute AIE, Miñano, Spain; NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), School of Pharmacy, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - J Basas
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona
| | - M Pastor
- BioKeralty Research Institute AIE, Miñano, Spain
| | - M Palau
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona
| | - X Gomis
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona
| | - B Almirante
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona
| | - E Gainza
- BioKeralty Research Institute AIE, Miñano, Spain
| | - R M Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), School of Pharmacy, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - M Igartua
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), School of Pharmacy, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - J Gavaldà
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.
| | - G Gainza
- BioKeralty Research Institute AIE, Miñano, Spain.
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24
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Picard-Deland C, Pastor M, Solomonova E, Paquette T, Nielsen T. 0088 Gravity Dreams Following a Virtual Reality Flight Simulation. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Flying is a prevalent but infrequent experience in dreams. Despite a broad interest in such unique dream experiences, there is still no experimental procedure for reliably inducing them. Our study aimed 1) to induce flying dreams in the laboratory using virtual reality (VR), 2) to examine phenomenological correlates of flying dreams, such as lucidity and emotions and 3) to investigate the dynamics of dreamed gravity imagery in relation to participant state and trait factors.
Methods
A total of 137 healthy participants (24.01±4.03 y.o.; 85 F; 52 M) took part in a custom-built immersive VR task in which they learn how to ‘fly’ as precisely and quickly as possible, engaging vestibular, motor and visuo-spatial systems. Dreams were collected a) from home dream journals for 5 days before and 10 days after the laboratory VR task and b) after a 90-min morning nap in laboratory. Dream reports were scored by 2 independent judges for flying and other gravity-related imagery. Linear mixed models statistics were used to compare dreams from this cohort with a separate control cohort (N=52) that followed a similar protocol in the same lab but did not undertake a virtual flying task.
Results
The VR task successfully increased the likelihood of experiencing flying in dreams from both the laboratory nap (7.1%) and the following night (10.6%) compared to baseline (1.3%) and the control cohort on those days (Lab: 2.4%; following night: 0%). In contrast, the occurrence of other gravity imagery showed no differences. Flying dreams were altered qualitatively, exhibiting higher levels of lucid-control and emotional intensity after VR exposure. Moreover, various factors such as sex, prior dream experiences and sensory immersion in VR differentially modulated flying dream induction.
Conclusion
Our findings provide both quantitative and qualitative insights into flying dreams that may facilitate understanding of these typical dream experiences and future developments in dream flight-induction technologies.
Support
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- C Picard-Deland
- Université de Montréal, Neuroscience Department, Montreal, QC, CANADA
| | - M Pastor
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory; Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Montreal, QC, CANADA
| | - E Solomonova
- McGill University; Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, QC, CANADA
| | - T Paquette
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory; Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Montreal, QC, CANADA
| | - T Nielsen
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory; Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Montreal, QC, CANADA
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Rovida C, Barton-Maclaren T, Benfenati E, Caloni F, Chandrasekera PC, Chesné C, Cronin MTD, De Knecht J, Dietrich DR, Escher SE, Fitzpatrick S, Flannery B, Herzler M, Hougaard Bennekou S, Hubesch B, Kamp H, Kisitu J, Kleinstreuer N, Kovarich S, Leist M, Maertens A, Nugent K, Pallocca G, Pastor M, Patlewicz G, Pavan M, Presgrave O, Smirnova L, Schwarz M, Yamada T, Hartung T. Internationalization of read-across as a validated new approach method (NAM) for regulatory toxicology. ALTEX 2020; 37:579-606. [PMID: 32369604 PMCID: PMC9201788 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1912181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Read-across (RAx) translates available information from well-characterized chemicals to a substance for which there is a toxicological data gap. The OECD is working on case studies to probe general applicability of RAx, and several regulations (e.g., EU-REACH) already allow this procedure to be used to waive new in vivo tests. The decision to prepare a review on the state of the art of RAx as a tool for risk assessment for regulatory purposes was taken during a workshop with international experts in Ranco, Italy in July 2018. Three major issues were identified that need optimization to allow a higher regulatory acceptance rate of the RAx procedure: (i) the definition of similarity of source and target, (ii) the translation of biological/toxicological activity of source to target in the RAx procedure, and (iii) how to deal with issues of ADME that may differ between source and target. The use of new approach methodologies (NAM) was discussed as one of the most important innovations to improve the acceptability of RAx. At present, NAM data may be used to confirm chemical and toxicological similarity. In the future, the use of NAM may be broadened to fully characterize the hazard and toxicokinetic properties of RAx compounds. Concerning available guidance, documents on Good Read-Across Practice (GRAP) and on best practices to perform and evaluate the RAx process were identified. Here, in particular, the RAx guidance, being worked out by the European Commission’s H2020 project EU-ToxRisk together with many external partners with regulatory experience, is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Rovida
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET) Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Mark T D Cronin
- Liverpool John Moores University, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joop De Knecht
- Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Dietrich
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sylvia E Escher
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Suzanne Fitzpatrick
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, MD, USA
| | - Brenna Flannery
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Herzler
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Hougaard Bennekou
- Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark / Danish Technical University, FOOD, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bruno Hubesch
- European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hennicke Kamp
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Jaffar Kisitu
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | | | - Marcel Leist
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexandra Maertens
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kerry Nugent
- Australian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - Giorgia Pallocca
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grace Patlewicz
- Center for Computational Toxicology & Exposure (CCTE), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Octavio Presgrave
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle da Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lena Smirnova
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas Hartung
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Bouza E, Alvar A, Almagro P, Alonso T, Ancochea J, Barbé F, Corbella J, Gracia D, Mascarós E, Melis J, Miravitlles M, Pastor M, Pérez P, Rudilla D, Torres A, Soriano JB, Vallano A, Vargas F, Palomo E. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Spain and the different aspects of its social impact: a multidisciplinary opinion document. Rev Esp Quimioter 2020; 33:49-67. [PMID: 31933347 PMCID: PMC6987629 DOI: 10.37201/req/2064.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the World, and one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity. In adults 40 years and older, it affects more than 10% of the population and has enormous personal, family and social burden. Tobacco smoking is its main cause, but not the only one, and there is probably a genetic predisposition that increases the risk in some patients. The paradigm of this disease is changing in Spain, with an increase of women that has occurred in recent years. Many of the physio pathological mechanisms of this condition are well known, but the psychological alterations to which it leads, the impact of COPD on relatives and caregivers, the limitation of daily life observed in these patients, and the economic and societal burden that they represent for the health system, are not so well-known. A major problem is the high under-diagnosis, mainly due to difficulties for obtaining, in a systematic way, spirometries in hospitals and health-care centers. For this reason, the Fundación de Ciencias de la Salud and the Spanish National Network Center for Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) have brought together experts in COPD, patients and their organizations, clinical psychologists, experts in health economics, nurses and journalists to obtain their opinion about COPD in Spain. They also discussed the scientific bibliometrics on COPD that is being carried out from the CIBERES and speculated on the future of this condition. The format of the meeting consisted in the discussion of a series of questions that were addressed by different speakers and discussed until a consensus conclusion was reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bouza
- Emilio Bouza MD, PhD, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, C/ Dr. Esquerdo, 46 - 28007 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - E Palomo
- Esteban Palomo, PhD, Director. Fundación de Ciencias de la Salud. C/ Severo Ochoa, 2, - 28760 Tres Cantos. Madrid, Spain. Phone +34 91 3530150
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27
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Krebs A, Nyffeler J, Karreman C, Schmidt BZ, Kappenberg F, Mellert J, Pallocca G, Pastor M, Rahnenführer J, Leist M. Determination of benchmark concentrations and their statistical uncertainty for cytotoxicity test data and functional in vitro assays. ALTEX 2019; 37:155-163. [PMID: 31833558 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1912021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many toxicological test methods, including assays of cell viability and function, require an evaluation of concentration-response data. This often involves curve fitting, and the resulting mathematical functions are then used to determine the concentration at which a certain deviation from the control value occurs (e.g. a decrease of cell viability by 15%). Such a threshold is called the benchmark response (BMR). For a toxicological test, it is often of interest to determine the concentration of test compound at which a pre-defined BMR of e.g. 10, 25 or 50% is reached. The concentration at which the modelled curve crosses the BMR is called the benchmark concentration (BMC). We present a user-friendly, web-based tool (BMCeasy), designed for operators without programming skills and profound statistical background, to determine BMCs and their confidence intervals. BMCeasy allows simultaneous analysis of viability plus a functional test endpoint, and it yields absolute BMCs with confidence intervals for any BMR. Besides an explanation of the algorithm underlying BMCeasy, this article also gives multiple examples of data outputs. BMCeasy was used within the EU-ToxRisk project for preparing data packages that were submitted to regulatory authorities, demonstrating the real-life applicability of the tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Krebs
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS CB), University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Johanna Nyffeler
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,present address: Center for Computational Toxicology & Exposure, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Christiaan Karreman
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Béla Z Schmidt
- Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jan Mellert
- Faculty of Business and Economics, Macroeconomics Dortmund University, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jörg Rahnenführer
- Department of Statistics, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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28
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Vairo C, Collantes M, Quincoces G, Villullas S, Peñuelas I, Pastor M, Gil A, Gainza E, Hernandez R, Igartua M, Gainza G. Preclinical safety of topically administered nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for wound healing application: biodistribution and toxicity studies. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Delp J, Gutbier S, Klima S, Hoelting L, Pinto-Gil K, Hsieh JH, Aichem M, Klein K, Schreiber F, Tice RR, Pastor M, Behl M, Leist M. Corrigendum to A high-throughput approach to identify specific neurotoxicants / developmental toxicants in human neuronal cell function assays. ALTEX 2019; 36:505. [PMID: 31329253 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1904111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, which appeared in ALTEX 35 , 235-253 ( doi:10.14573/altex.1712182 ), the Acknowledgements should read: This work was supported by the Land BW, the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, the DFG (RTG1331, KoRS-CB), the BMBF (NeuriTox), and it has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 681002 (EU-ToxRisk).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Delp
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Research Training Group RTG1331, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Cooperative doctorate college InViTe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Simon Gutbier
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Research Training Group RTG1331, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Klima
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Research Training Group RTG1331, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Cooperative doctorate college InViTe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lisa Hoelting
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kevin Pinto-Gil
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Michael Aichem
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karsten Klein
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Falk Schreiber
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raymond R Tice
- Division of National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mamta Behl
- Division of National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Marcel Leist
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Graepel R, Ter Braak B, Escher S, Fisher C, Gardner I, Kamp H, Kroese D, Leist M, Moné M, Pastor M, van de Water B. Paradigm shift in safety assessment using new approach methods: The EU-ToxRisk strategy. Current Opinion in Toxicology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Pastor M, Quintana J, Sanz F. Development of an Infrastructure for the Prediction of Biological Endpoints in Industrial Environments. Lessons Learned at the eTOX Project. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1147. [PMID: 30364191 PMCID: PMC6193068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In silico methods are increasingly being used for assessing the chemical safety of substances, as a part of integrated approaches involving in vitro and in vivo experiments. A paradigmatic example of these strategies is the eTOX project http://www.etoxproject.eu, funded by the European Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI), which aimed at producing high quality predictions of in vivo toxicity of drug candidates and resulted in generating about 200 models for diverse endpoints of toxicological interest. In an industry-oriented project like eTOX, apart from the predictive quality, the models need to meet other quality parameters related to the procedures for their generation and their intended use. For example, when the models are used for predicting the properties of drug candidates, the prediction system must guarantee the complete confidentiality of the compound structures. The interface of the system must be designed to provide non-expert users all the information required to choose the models and appropriately interpret the results. Moreover, procedures like installation, maintenance, documentation, validation and versioning, which are common in software development, must be also implemented for the models and for the prediction platform in which they are implemented. In this article we describe our experience in the eTOX project and the lessons learned after 7 years of close collaboration between industrial and academic partners. We believe that some of the solutions found and the tools developed could be useful for supporting similar initiatives in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ferran Sanz
- *Correspondence: Manuel Pastor, Ferran Sanz,
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Gómez-Tamayo J, Troger F, Pastor M, Norinder U, Zdrazil B, Ecker G. Ligand based and structural based modeling for the understanding, classification and prediction ofmitochondrial toxicity. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pastor M, Westen G, Gómez-Tamayo J, Lenselink B, Lam CC, Water B, Norinder U, Manganelli S, Gadaleta D, Roncaglioni A. Development and validation of computational models for predicting oxidative stress responses using comprehensive series of drug-like compounds. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cushing L, Blaustein-Rejto D, Wander M, Pastor M, Sadd J, Zhu A, Morello-Frosch R. Carbon trading, co-pollutants, and environmental equity: Evidence from California's cap-and-trade program (2011-2015). PLoS Med 2018; 15:e1002604. [PMID: 29990353 PMCID: PMC6038989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Policies to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can yield public health benefits by also reducing emissions of hazardous co-pollutants, such as air toxics and particulate matter. Socioeconomically disadvantaged communities are typically disproportionately exposed to air pollutants, and therefore climate policy could also potentially reduce these environmental inequities. We sought to explore potential social disparities in GHG and co-pollutant emissions under an existing carbon trading program-the dominant approach to GHG regulation in the US and globally. METHODS AND FINDINGS We examined the relationship between multiple measures of neighborhood disadvantage and the location of GHG and co-pollutant emissions from facilities regulated under California's cap-and-trade program-the world's fourth largest operational carbon trading program. We examined temporal patterns in annual average emissions of GHGs, particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, volatile organic compounds, and air toxics before (January 1, 2011-December 31, 2012) and after (January 1, 2013-December 31, 2015) the initiation of carbon trading. We found that facilities regulated under California's cap-and-trade program are disproportionately located in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods with higher proportions of residents of color, and that the quantities of co-pollutant emissions from these facilities were correlated with GHG emissions through time. Moreover, the majority (52%) of regulated facilities reported higher annual average local (in-state) GHG emissions since the initiation of trading. Neighborhoods that experienced increases in annual average GHG and co-pollutant emissions from regulated facilities nearby after trading began had higher proportions of people of color and poor, less educated, and linguistically isolated residents, compared to neighborhoods that experienced decreases in GHGs. These study results reflect preliminary emissions and social equity patterns of the first 3 years of California's cap-and-trade program for which data are available. Due to data limitations, this analysis did not assess the emissions and equity implications of GHG reductions from transportation-related emission sources. Future emission patterns may shift, due to changes in industrial production decisions and policy initiatives that further incentivize local GHG and co-pollutant reductions in disadvantaged communities. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine social disparities in GHG and co-pollutant emissions under an existing carbon trading program. Our results indicate that, thus far, California's cap-and-trade program has not yielded improvements in environmental equity with respect to health-damaging co-pollutant emissions. This could change, however, as the cap on GHG emissions is gradually lowered in the future. The incorporation of additional policy and regulatory elements that incentivize more local emission reductions in disadvantaged communities could enhance the local air quality and environmental equity benefits of California's climate change mitigation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cushing
- Department of Health Education, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LC); (RMF)
| | - Dan Blaustein-Rejto
- Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Madeline Wander
- Program for Environmental and Regional Equity, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Program for Environmental and Regional Equity, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - James Sadd
- Department of Geology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Allen Zhu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LC); (RMF)
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Romero L, Cano J, Gomis-Tena J, Trenor B, Sanz F, Pastor M, Saiz J. In Silico QT and APD Prolongation Assay for Early Screening of Drug-Induced Proarrhythmic Risk. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 58:867-878. [PMID: 29547274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced proarrhythmicity is a major concern for regulators and pharmaceutical companies. For novel drug candidates, the standard assessment involves the evaluation of the potassium hERG channels block and the in vivo prolongation of the QT interval. However, this method is known to be too restrictive and to stop the development of potentially valuable therapeutic drugs. The aim of this work is to create an in silico tool for early detection of drug-induced proarrhythmic risk. The system is based on simulations of how different compounds affect the action potential duration (APD) of isolated endocardial, midmyocardial, and epicardial cells as well as the QT prolongation in a virtual tissue. Multiple channel-drug interactions and state-of-the-art human ventricular action potential models ( O'Hara , T. , PLos Comput. Biol. 2011 , 7 , e1002061 ) were used in our simulations. Specifically, 206.766 cellular and 7072 tissue simulations were performed by blocking the slow and the fast components of the delayed rectifier current ( IKs and IKr, respectively) and the L-type calcium current ( ICaL) at different levels. The performance of our system was validated by classifying the proarrhythmic risk of 84 compounds, 40 of which present torsadogenic properties. On the basis of these results, we propose the use of a new index (Tx) for discriminating torsadogenic compounds, defined as the ratio of the drug concentrations producing 10% prolongation of the cellular endocardial, midmyocardial, and epicardial APDs and the QT interval, over the maximum effective free therapeutic plasma concentration (EFTPC). Our results show that the Tx index outperforms standard methods for early identification of torsadogenic compounds. Indeed, for the analyzed compounds, the Tx tests accuracy was in the range of 87-88% compared with a 73% accuracy of the hERG IC50 based test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Romero
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (CI2B) , Universitat Politècnica de València , camino de Vera, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Jordi Cano
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (CI2B) , Universitat Politècnica de València , camino de Vera, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Julio Gomis-Tena
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (CI2B) , Universitat Politècnica de València , camino de Vera, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Beatriz Trenor
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (CI2B) , Universitat Politècnica de València , camino de Vera, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08002 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88 , 08002 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Javier Saiz
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (CI2B) , Universitat Politècnica de València , camino de Vera, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
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36
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Abstract
Over the past decades, pharmaceutical companies have conducted a large number of high-quality in vivo repeat-dose toxicity (RDT) studies for regulatory purposes. As part of the eTOX project, a high number of these studies have been compiled and integrated into a database. This valuable resource can be queried directly, but it can be further exploited to build predictive models. As the studies were originally conducted to investigate the properties of individual compounds, the experimental conditions across the studies are highly heterogeneous. Consequently, the original data required normalization/standardization, filtering, categorization and integration to make possible any data analysis (such as building predictive models). Additionally, the primary objectives of the RDT studies were to identify toxicological findings, most of which do not directly translate to in vivo endpoints. This article describes a method to extract datasets containing comparable toxicological properties for a series of compounds amenable for building predictive models. The proposed strategy starts with the normalization of the terms used within the original reports. Then, comparable datasets are extracted from the database by applying filters based on the experimental conditions. Finally, carefully selected profiles of toxicological findings are mapped to endpoints of interest, generating QSAR-like tables. In this work, we describe in detail the strategy and tools used for carrying out these transformations and illustrate its application in a data sample extracted from the eTOX database. The suitability of the resulting tables for developing hazard-predicting models was investigated by building proof-of-concept models for in vivo liver endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol López-Massaguer
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kevin Pinto-Gil
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lennart T Anger
- Sanofi, Preclinical Safety, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manuela Stolte
- Sanofi, Preclinical Safety, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlo Ravagli
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Marc
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pastor
- Manuel Pastor is a professor in the Department of Sociology and director of the Program for Environmental and Regional Equity at the University of Southern California, in Los Angeles
| | - Veronica Terriquez
- Veronica Terriquez is an associate professor in the Department of Sociology, University of California, Santa Cruz
| | - May Lin
- May Lin is a graduate student in the Department of Sociology at the University of Southern California
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38
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Nolte TM, Pinto-Gil K, Hendriks AJ, Ragas AMJ, Pastor M. Quantitative structure-activity relationships for primary aerobic biodegradation of organic chemicals in pristine surface waters: starting points for predicting biodegradation under acclimatization. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2018; 20:157-170. [PMID: 29192704 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00375g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biomass and acclimation can affect the removal of organic chemicals in natural surface waters. In order to account for these effects and develop more robust models for biodegradation, we have compiled and curated removal data for un-acclimated (pristine) surface waters on which we developed quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs). Global analysis of the very heterogeneous dataset including neutral, anionic, cationic and zwitterionic chemicals (N = 233) using a random forest algorithm showed that useful predictions were possible (Qext2 = 0.4-0.5) though relatively large standard errors were associated (SDEP ∼0.7). Classification of the chemicals based on speciation state and metabolic pathway showed that biodegradation is influenced by the two, and that the dependence of biodegradation on chemical characteristics is non-linear. Class-specific QSAR analysis indicated that shape and charge distribution determine the biodegradation of neutral chemicals (R2 ∼ 0.6), e.g. through membrane permeation or binding to P450 enzymes, whereas the average biodegradation of charged chemicals is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower, for which degradation depends more directly on cellular uptake (R2 ∼ 0.6). Further analysis showed that specific chemical classes such as peptides and organic halogens are relatively less biodegradable in pristine surface waters, resulting in the need for the microbial consortia to acclimate. Additional literature data was used to verify an acclimation model (based on Monod-type kinetics) capable of extrapolating QSAR predictions to acclimating conditions such as in water treatment, downstream lakes and large rivers under μg L-1 to mg L-1 concentrations. The framework developed, despite being based on multiple assumptions, is promising and needs further validation using experimentation with more standardised and homogenised conditions as well as adequate characterization of the inoculum used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom M Nolte
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P. O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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39
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Delp J, Gutbier S, Klima S, Hoelting L, Pinto-Gil K, Hsieh JH, Aichem M, Klein K, Schreiber F, Tice RR, Pastor M, Behl M, Leist M. A high-throughput approach to identify specific neurotoxicants/ developmental toxicants in human neuronal cell function assays. ALTEX 2018; 35:235-253. [PMID: 29423527 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1712182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The (developmental) neurotoxicity hazard is still unknown for most chemicals. Establishing a test battery covering most of the relevant adverse outcome pathways may close this gap, without requiring a huge animal experimentation program. Ideally, each of the assays would cover multiple mechanisms of toxicity. One candidate test is the human LUHMES cell-based NeuriTox test. To evaluate its readiness for larger-scale testing, a proof of concept library assembled by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) was screened. Of the 75 unique compounds, seven were defined as specifically neurotoxic after the hit-confirmation phase and additional ten compounds were generally cytotoxic within the concentration range of up to 20 micromolar. As complementary approach, the library was screened in the PeriTox test, which identifies toxicants affecting the human peripheral nervous system. Of the eight PeriTox hits, five were similar to the NeuriTox hits: rotenone, colchicine, diethylstilbestrol, berberine chloride, and valinomycin. The unique NeuriTox hit, methyl-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is known from in vivo studies to affect only dopaminergic neurons (which LUHMES cells are). Conversely, the known peripheral neurotoxicant acrylamide was picked up in the PeriTox, but not in the NeuriTox assay. All of the five common hits had also been identified in the published neural crest migration (cMINC) assay, while none of them emerged as cardiotoxicant in a previous screen using the same library. These comparative data suggest that complementary in vitro tests can pick up a broad range of toxicants, and that multiple test results might help to predict organ specificity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Delp
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Research Training Group RTG1331, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Cooperative doctorate college InViTe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Simon Gutbier
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Research Training Group RTG1331, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Klima
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Research Training Group RTG1331, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Cooperative doctorate college InViTe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lisa Hoelting
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kevin Pinto-Gil
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Michael Aichem
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karsten Klein
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Falk Schreiber
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raymond R Tice
- Division of National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mamta Behl
- Division of National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Marcel Leist
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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40
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Pastor M, Lopez Pousa A, del Barco E, Perez Segura P, Astorga BG, Castelo B, Bonfill T, Martinez Trufero J, Grau JJ, Mesia R. SEOM clinical guideline in nasopharynx cancer (2017). Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:84-88. [PMID: 29098554 PMCID: PMC5785612 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is distinct from other cancers of the head and neck in biology, epidemiology, histology, natural history, and response to treatment. Radiation therapy is an essential component of curative-intent of non-disseminated disease and the association of chemotherapy improves the rates of survival. In the case of metastatic disease stages, treatment requires platinum/gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and patients may achieve a long survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pastor
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital La Fe de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Lopez Pousa
- Servicio de Oncología Médica - IIBSP, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. del Barco
- Servicio de Oncología Médica Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - P. Perez Segura
- Servicio de Oncología Médica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - B. Gonzalez Astorga
- Servicio de Oncología Médica Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - B. Castelo
- Servicio de Oncología Médica Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Bonfill
- Servicio de Oncología Médica Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - J. Martinez Trufero
- Servicio de Oncología Médica Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Saragossa, Spain
| | - J. Jose Grau
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R. Mesia
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Institut Català d’Oncologia – Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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41
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Sanz F, Pognan F, Steger-Hartmann T, Díaz C, Cases M, Pastor M, Marc P, Wichard J, Briggs K, Watson DK, Kleinöder T, Yang C, Amberg A, Beaumont M, Brookes AJ, Brunak S, Cronin MTD, Ecker GF, Escher S, Greene N, Guzmán A, Hersey A, Jacques P, Lammens L, Mestres J, Muster W, Northeved H, Pinches M, Saiz J, Sajot N, Valencia A, van der Lei J, Vermeulen NPE, Vock E, Wolber G, Zamora I. Legacy data sharing to improve drug safety assessment: the eTOX project. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16:811-812. [PMID: 29026211 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2017.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The sharing of legacy preclinical safety data among pharmaceutical companies and its integration with other information sources offers unprecedented opportunities to improve the early assessment of drug safety. Here, we discuss the experience of the eTOX project, which was established through the Innovative Medicines Initiative to explore this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Sanz
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - François Pognan
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, CH-4002, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlos Díaz
- Synapse Research Management Partners, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Pastor
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Marc
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, CH-4002, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Chihae Yang
- Molecular Networks GmbH, 90411 Nürnberg, Germany
| | | | - Maria Beaumont
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | | | - Søren Brunak
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sylvia Escher
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nigel Greene
- Pfizer Ltd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA. Current affiliation: AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusettts 02451, USA
| | | | - Anne Hersey
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc Pinches
- AstraZeneca AB, SK10 2NA Cheshire, UK. Current affiliation: Lhasa Ltd, Leeds LS11 5PS, UK
| | - Javier Saiz
- Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Valencia
- ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain & Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johan van der Lei
- Erasmus Universitair Medisch Centrum, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Esther Vock
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, 88379 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - Ismael Zamora
- Lead Molecular Design S.L., 08172 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
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Pastor M, Sanz F. Progress in in silico toxicity model development – Lessons learnt analysing complex toxicity data. Toxicol Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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López-Massaguer O, Sanz F, Pastor M. An automated tool for obtaining QSAR-ready series of compounds using semantic web technologies. Bioinformatics 2017; 34:131-133. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oriol López-Massaguer
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Bruixola G, Caballero J, Papaccio F, Petrillo A, Pastor M, Cervantes A. Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an independent prognostic factor in locoregionally advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer (LAHNSCC). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx374.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rueda A, Giralt J, Mañós M, Lozano A, Sistiaga A, García-Miragall E, Cacicedo J, Esteban F, Scola B, Contreras J, Ruiz A, Carral A, Sanchez-Aniceto G, Pastor M, Herranz J, Bernal M, Mesía R. Multidisciplinary management of head and neck cancer: First expert consensus using Delphi methodology from the Spanish Society for Head and Neck Cancer (part 2). Oral Oncol 2017; 70:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pastor M, Sadd JL, Morello-Frosch R. Reading, Writing, and Toxics: Children's Health, Academic Performance, and Environmental Justice in Los Angeles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1068/c009r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A significant body of previous research on environmental justice has demonstrated a disproportionate burden of environmental hazards on low-income and minority residents. In this paper we evaluate spatially indexed data on estimated respiratory and cancer risks associated with exposures to ambient air toxics to show that children of color in the Los Angeles Unified School District suffer potentially disparate health impacts, and that disparities in environmental risks may be associated with diminished school performance—even after controlling for socioeconomic and demographic covariates that generally explain much of the variation in student scores. Remediating environmental health risks in distressed neighborhoods could, therefore, improve both health and human capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pastor
- Center for Justice, Tolerance, and Community, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - James L Sadd
- Environmental Science, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Center for Environmental Studies and Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Moreno-Sastre M, Pastor M, Esquisabel A, Sans E, Viñas M, Bachiller D, Pedraz JL. Stability study of sodium colistimethate-loaded lipid nanoparticles. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:636-645. [PMID: 27682964 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2016.1242665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, the encapsulation of antibiotics into nanoparticulate carriers has gained increasing attention for the treatment of infectious diseases. Sodium colistimethate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Colist-SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (Colist-NLCs) were designed aiming to treat the pulmonary infection associated to cystic fibrosis patients. The nanoparticles were freeze-dried using trehalose as cryoprotectant. The stability of both nanoparticles was analysed over one year according to the International Conference of Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against clinically isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and by studying their physico-chemical characteristics. The results showed that Colist-SLNs lost their antimicrobial activity at the third month; on the contrary, the antibacterial activity of Colist-NLCs was maintained throughout the study within an adequate range (MIC ≤16 μg/mL). In addition, Colist-NLCs exhibited suitable physico-chemical properties at 5 °C and 25 °C/60% relative humidity over one year. Altogether, Colist-NLCs proved to have better stability than Colist-SLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moreno-Sastre
- a NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain.,b Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain
| | - M Pastor
- a NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain.,b Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain
| | - A Esquisabel
- a NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain.,b Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain
| | - E Sans
- c Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics , Medical School, University of Barcelona - IDIBELL , Barcelona , Spain
| | - M Viñas
- c Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics , Medical School, University of Barcelona - IDIBELL , Barcelona , Spain.,d IINFACTS, CESPU , Gandra , Portugal
| | - D Bachiller
- e Development and Regeneration Programme , Fundación Investigaciones Sanitarias Islas Baleares (FISIB) , Bunyola (Balearic Islands) , Spain.,f Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Bunyola (Balearic Islands) , 7110 , S pain
| | - J L Pedraz
- a NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain.,b Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain
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Coloma CS, Amerigo J, Niño Ó, Daroqui JC, Akhoundova D, Escoin C, Sosa MM, Navarro E, Montalar J, Pastor M. Impact of second primary tumors of head and neck region after a previous tumor in that area. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw376.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Carbonell P, Lopez O, Amberg A, Pastor M, Sanz F. Hepatotoxicity prediction by systems biology modeling of disturbed metabolic pathways using gene expression data. ALTEX 2016; 34:219-234. [PMID: 27690270 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1602071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study applies a systems biology approach for the in silico predictive modeling of drug toxicity on the basis of high-quality preclinical drug toxicity data with the aim of increasing the mechanistic understanding of toxic effects of compounds at different levels (pathway, cell, tissue, organ). The model development was carried out using 77 compounds for which gene expression data for treated primary human hepatocytes is available in the LINCS database and for which rodent in vivo hepatotoxicity information is available in the eTOX database. The data from LINCS were used to determine the type and number of pathways disturbed by each compound and to estimate the extent of disturbance (network perturbation elasticity), and were used to analyze the correspondence with the in vivo information from eTOX. Predictive models were developed through this integrative analysis, and their specificity and sensitivity were assessed. The quality of the predictions was determined on the basis of the area under the curve (AUC) of plots of true positive vs. false positive rates (ROC curves). The ROC AUC reached values of up to 0.9 (out of 1.0) for some hepatotoxicity endpoints. Moreover, the most frequently disturbed metabolic pathways were determined across the studied toxicants. They included, e.g., mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acids and amino acid metabolism. The process was exemplified by successful predictions on various statins. In conclusion, an entirely new approach linking gene expression alterations to the prediction of complex organ toxicity was developed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Carbonell
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Oriol Lopez
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Amberg
- Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Preclinical Safety, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manuel Pastor
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Sanz
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Recently there have been calls for public health to reconnect to urban planning in ways that emphasize the impact of place on health and that address fundamental causes of poor health, such as poverty, social inequality, and discrimination. Community developers have realized that poor health limits individuals' and communities' economic potential and have begun to integrate into their work such neighborhood health issues as access to fresh food and open space. In this article we review recent shifts in the community development field and give examples of programs that operate at the intersection of community development, public health, and civic engagement. For example, in Sacramento, California, the Building Healthy Communities program successfully promoted the creation of community gardens and bike paths and the redevelopment of brownfields. A major housing revitalization initiative in San Francisco, California, known as Sunnydale-Velasco, is transforming the city's largest public housing site into a mixed-income community that provides existing residents with new housing, infrastructure, services, and amenities. These examples and others illustrate the need to identify and make use of interdisciplinary approaches to ensure that all places are strong platforms for economic mobility, full democratic participation, and community health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pastor
- Manuel Pastor is a professor of sociology and of American studies and ethnicity and director of the Program for Environmental and Regional Equity, University of Southern California, in Los Angeles
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Rachel Morello-Frosch is a professor in the School of Public Health and the Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, both at the University of California, Berkeley
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