1
|
Thottoli A, Vorobev AS, Biagi G, Iadanza S, Giglio M, Magno G, Grande M, O'Faolain L. Compact angled multimode interference duplexers for multi-gas sensing applications. Opt Express 2024; 32:3451-3460. [PMID: 38297565 DOI: 10.1364/oe.503483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
A compact, low-loss 2 × 1 angled-multi-mode-interference-based duplexer is proposed as an optical component for integrating several wavelengths with high coupling efficiency. The self-imaging principle in multimode waveguides is exploited to combine two target wavelengths, corresponding to distinctive absorption lines of important trace gases. The device performance has been numerically enhanced by engineering the geometrical parameters, offering trade-offs in coupling efficiency ratios. The proposed designs are used as versatile duplexers for detecting gas combinations such as ammonia-methane, ammonia-ethane, and ammonia-carbon dioxide, enabling customization for specific sensing applications. The duplexers designed are then fabricated and characterized, with a special focus on assessing the impact of the different target wavelengths on coupling efficiency.
Collapse
|
2
|
Thottoli A, Biagi G, Vorobev AS, Giglio M, Magno G, O'Faolain L, Grande M. Highly efficient and selective integrated directional couplers for multigas sensing applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22720. [PMID: 38123644 PMCID: PMC10733352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The design and fabrication of a compact, low-loss, broadband directional coupler (DC) based duplexer operating in the near-infrared (NIR) region are demonstrated. The duplexer exhibits high selectivity and coupling efficiency (CE), for target wavelengths of 1530 nm and 1653.7 nm, making it applicable in systems for the multi-gas detection of ammonia and methane. The measured CE for the duplexer is 73% and 76% at 1530 nm and 1653.7 nm respectively. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the duplexer as a broadband and scalable power source for highly sensitive sensing techniques, like quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS). Its compact size and low-loss characteristics make it highly portable and well-suited for drone-based multi-gas detection applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Thottoli
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Biagi
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, Cork, T12 T66T, Ireland
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Artem S Vorobev
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, Cork, T12 T66T, Ireland
- Tyndall National Institute, Cork, T12 PX46, Ireland
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Magno
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Liam O'Faolain
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, Cork, T12 T66T, Ireland
- Tyndall National Institute, Cork, T12 PX46, Ireland
| | - Marco Grande
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70126, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Giglio M, Spagnolo V, Menduni G, Dong L, Chen W. Editorial: Recent advances in gaseous hydrocarbon sensing. Front Chem 2023; 11:1249888. [PMID: 37529718 PMCID: PMC10390096 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1249888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Bari, Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Bari, Italy
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie de l'Atmosphère, Université du Littoral Côté d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olivieri M, Giglio M, Dello Russo S, Menduni G, Zifarelli A, Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Wu H, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Assessment of vibrational-translational relaxation dynamics of in a wet-nitrogen matrix through QEPAS. Photoacoustics 2023; 31:100518. [PMID: 37325395 PMCID: PMC10265511 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on a study of the non-radiative relaxation dynamic of 12CH4 and 13CH4 in wet nitrogen-based matrixes by using the quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) technique. The dependence of the QEPAS signal on pressure at fixed matrix composition and on H2O concentration at fixed pressure was investigated. We demonstrated that QEPAS measurements can be used to retrieve both the effective relaxation rate in the matrix, and the V-T relaxation rate associated to collisions with nitrogen and water vapor. No significant differences in measured relaxation rates were observed between the two isotopologues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Olivieri
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Stefano Dello Russo
- Italian Space Agency (ASI), Centro di geodesia Spaziale “Giuseppe Colombo”, Matera, Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li B, Menduni G, Giglio M, Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Zifarelli A, Wu H, Wei T, Spagnolo V, Dong L. Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and Beat Frequency-QEPAS techniques for air pollutants detection: A comparison in terms of sensitivity and acquisition time. Photoacoustics 2023; 31:100479. [PMID: 37255964 PMCID: PMC10225917 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a comparison between Quartz Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) and Beat Frequency-QEPAS (BF-QEPAS) techniques for environmental monitoring of pollutants is reported. A spectrophone composed of a T-shaped Quartz Tuning Fork (QTF) coupled with resonator tubes was employed as a detection module. An interband cascade laser has been used as an exciting source, allowing the targeting of two NO absorption features, located at 1900.07 cm-1 and 1900.52 cm-1, and a water vapor absorption feature, located at 1901.76 cm-1. Minimum detection limits of 90 ppb and 180 ppb were achieved with QEPAS and BF-QEPAS techniques, respectively, for NO detection. The capability to detect multiple components in the same gas mixture using BF-QEPAS was also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Tingting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Olivieri M, Menduni G, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Wu H, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Characterization of H 2S QEPAS detection in methane-based gas leaks dispersed into environment. Photoacoustics 2023; 29:100438. [PMID: 36582842 PMCID: PMC9792567 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The increase in fatal accidents and chronic illnesses caused by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exposure occurring in various workplaces is pushing the development of sensing systems for continuous and in-field monitoring of this hazardous gas. We report here on the design and realization of a Near-IR quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensor (QEPAS) for H2S leaks detection. H2S QEPAS signal was measured in matrixes containing up to 1 % of methane (CH4) and nitrogen (N2) which were chosen as the laboratory model environment for leakages from oil and gas wells or various industrial processes where H2S and CH4 can leak simultaneously. An investigation of the influence of CH4 on H2S relaxation and photoacoustic generation was proposed in this work and the sensor performances were carefully assessed with respect to CH4 content in the mixture. We demonstrated the high selectivity, with no cross talk between H2S, H2O and CH4 absorption lines, high sensitivity, and fast response time of the developed sensor, achieving a minimum detection limit (MDL) of 2.5 ppm for H2S with 2 s lock-in integration time. The employed 2.6 µm laser allowed us to employ the sensor also for CH4 detection, achieving an MDL of 85 ppm. The realized QEPAS sensor lends itself to the development of a portable and compact device for industrial monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Olivieri
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zifarelli A, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Gonzalez M, Wu H, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Methane and ethane detection from natural gas level down to trace concentrations using a compact mid-IR LITES sensor based on univariate calibration. Photoacoustics 2023; 29:100448. [PMID: 36654961 PMCID: PMC9841364 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A gas sensor based on light-induced thermo-elastic spectroscopy (LITES) capable to detect methane (C1) and ethane (C2) in a wide concentration range, from percent down to part-per-billion (ppb), is here reported. A novel approach has been implemented, exploiting a compact sensor design that accommodates both a custom 9.8 kHz quartz tuning fork (QTF) used as photodetector and the gas sample in the same housing. The resulting optical pathlength was only 2.5 cm. An interband cascade laser (ICL) with emission wavelength of 3.345 µm was used to target absorption features of C1 and C2. The effects of high concentration analytes on sensor response were firstly investigated. C1 concentration varied from 1% to 10%, while C2 concentration varied from 0.1% to 1%. These ranges were selected to retrace the typical natural gas composition in a 1:10 nitrogen dilution. The LITES sensor was calibrated for both the gas species independently and returned nonlinear but monotonic responses for the two analytes. These univariate calibrations were used to retrieve the composition of C1-C2 binary mixtures with accuracy higher than 98%, without the need for further data analysis. Minimum detection limits of ∼650 ppb and ∼90 ppb were achieved at 10 s of integration time for C1 and C2, respectively, demonstrating the capability of the developed LITES sensor to operate with concentration ranges spanning over 6 orders of magnitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zifarelli
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Miguel Gonzalez
- Aramco Services Company, Aramco Research Center, Houston, United States
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu Q, Lv H, Li J, Yang Z, Kan R, Giglio M, Zhu W, Zhong Y, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Spagnolo V, Yu J, Zheng H. Side-excitation light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy. Opt Lett 2023; 48:562-565. [PMID: 36723531 DOI: 10.1364/ol.478630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, a side-excitation light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (SE-LITES) technique was developed for trace gas detection. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, custom quartz tuning fork (QTF) was used as a transducer for photon detection by the thermoelastic effect. The mechanical stress distribution on the QTF surface was analyzed to identify the optimum thermoelastic excitation approach. The electrode film on the QTF surface also works as a partially reflective layer to obtain a long optical absorption path inside the QTF body. With the long optical absorption length and the inner face excitation of the QTF, the thermoelastic effect was greatly enhanced. With an optimized modulation depth, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of more than one order of magnitude was achieved, compared to traditional LITES.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zifarelli A, De Palo R, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Blaser S, Butet J, Landry O, Müller A, Spagnolo V. Multi-gas quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensor for environmental monitoring exploiting a Vernier effect-based quantum cascade laser. Photoacoustics 2022; 28:100401. [PMID: 36105377 PMCID: PMC9465099 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on a gas sensor based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) able to detect multiple gas species for environmental monitoring applications, by exploiting a Vernier effect-based quantum cascade laser as the excitation source. The device emission spectrum consists of ten separated emission clusters covering the range from 2100 up to 2250 cm-1. Four clusters were selected to detect the absorption features of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water vapor (H2O), respectively. The sensor was calibrated with certified concentrations of CO, N2O and CO2 in a wet nitrogen matrix. The H2O absorption feature was used to monitor the water vapor within the gas line during the calibration. Minimum detection limits of 6 ppb, 7 ppb, and 70 ppm were achieved for CO, N2O and CO2, respectively, at 100 ms of integration time. As proof of concept, the QEPAS sensor was tested by continuously sampling indoor laboratory air and monitoring the analytes concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zifarelli
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Stéphane Blaser
- Alpes Lasers SA, Avenue des Pâquiers 1, 2072 St-Blaise, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Butet
- Alpes Lasers SA, Avenue des Pâquiers 1, 2072 St-Blaise, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Landry
- Alpes Lasers SA, Avenue des Pâquiers 1, 2072 St-Blaise, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Müller
- Alpes Lasers SA, Avenue des Pâquiers 1, 2072 St-Blaise, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- Alpes Lasers SA, Avenue des Pâquiers 1, 2072 St-Blaise, Switzerland
- Correspondence to: Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
D’Silva M, Han HS, Liu R, Kingham TP, Choi GH, Syn NLX, Prieto M, Choi SH, Sucandy I, Chiow AKH, Marino MV, Efanov M, Lee JH, Sutcliffe RP, Chong CCN, Tang CN, Cheung TT, Pratschke J, Wang X, Park JO, Chan CY, Scatton O, Rotellar F, Troisi RI, D’Hondt M, Fuks D, Goh BKP, Gastaca M, Schotte H, De Meyere C, Lai EC, Krenzien F, Schmelzle M, Kadam P, Giglio M, Montalti R, Liu Q, Lee KF, Lee LS, Jang JY, Lim C, Labadie KP. Limited liver resections in the posterosuperior segments: international multicentre propensity score-matched and coarsened exact-matched analysis comparing the laparoscopic and robotic approaches. Br J Surg 2022; 109:1140-1149. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Limited liver resections (LLRs) for tumours located in the posterosuperior segments of the liver are technically demanding procedures. This study compared outcomes of robotic (R) and laparoscopic (L) LLR for tumours located in the posterosuperior liver segments (IV, VII, and VIII).
Methods
This was an international multicentre retrospective analysis of patients who underwent R-LLR or L-LLR at 24 centres between 2010 and 2019. Patient demographics, perioperative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were analysed; 1 : 3 propensity score matching (PSM) and 1 : 1 coarsened exact matching (CEM) were performed.
Results
Of 1566 patients undergoing R-LLR and L-LLR, 983 met the study inclusion criteria. Before matching, 159 R-LLRs and 824 L-LLRs were included. After 1 : 3 PSM of 127 R-LLRs and 381 L-LLRs, comparison of perioperative outcomes showed that median blood loss (100 (i.q.r. 40–200) versus 200 (100–500) ml; P = 0.003), blood loss of at least 500 ml (9 (7.4 per cent) versus 94 (27.6 per cent); P < 0.001), intraoperative blood transfusion rate (4 (3.1 per cent) versus 38 (10.0 per cent); P = 0.025), rate of conversion to open surgery (1 (0.8 per cent) versus 30 (7.9 per cent); P = 0.022), median duration of Pringle manoeuvre when applied (30 (20–46) versus 40 (25–58) min; P = 0.012), and median duration of operation (175 (130–255) versus 224 (155–300); P < 0.001) were lower in the R-LLR group compared with the L-LLR group. After 1 : 1 CEM of 104 R-LLRs with 104 L-LLRs, R-LLR was similarly associated with significantly reduced blood loss and a lower rate of conversion to open surgery.
Conclusion
Based on a matched analysis of well selected patients, both robotic and laparoscopic access could be undertaken safely with good outcomes for tumours in the posterosuperior liver segments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizelle D’Silva
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Ho Seong Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Rong Liu
- Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , First Medical Centre of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing , China
| | - Thomas Peter Kingham
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York , USA
| | - Gi Hong Choi
- Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Nicholas Li Xun Syn
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Mikel Prieto
- Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country , Bilbao , Spain
| | - Sung Hoon Choi
- Department of General Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University School of Medicine , Seongnam , Korea
| | - Iswanto Sucandy
- AdventHealth Tampa, Digestive Health Institute , Tampa, Florida , USA
| | - Adrian Kah Heng Chiow
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Unit, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital , Singapore
| | - Marco Vito Marino
- General Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy and Oncologic Surgery Department, P. Giaccone University Hospital , Palermo , Italy
| | - Mikhail Efanov
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Moscow Clinical Scientific Centre , Moscow , Russia
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Robert Peter Sutcliffe
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham , UK
| | - Charing Ching Ning Chong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong , New Territories Hong Kong , China
| | - Chung Ngai Tang
- Department of Surgery, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital , Hong Kong , China
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin , Germany
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - James Oh Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Chung Yip Chan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and Duke-National University Singapore Medical School , Singapore
| | - Olivier Scatton
- Department of Digestive, Hepatobiliary–Pancreatic and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université , Paris , France
| | - Fernando Rotellar
- Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of General Surgery, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra and Institute of Health Research of Navarra (IdisNA) , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Roberto Ivan Troisi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Federico II University Hospital Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Mathieu D’Hondt
- Department of Digestive and Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Groeninge Hospital , Kortrijk , Belgium
| | - David Fuks
- Department of Digestive, Oncologic and Metabolic Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Universite Paris Descartes , Paris , France
| | - Brian Kim Poh Goh
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and Duke-National University Singapore Medical School , Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng C, Giglio M, Li B, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Spagnolo V, Dong L, Wu H. Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide in Sewer Using an Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplified Diode Laser and a Gold-Plated Photoacoustic Cell. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196505. [PMID: 36235042 PMCID: PMC9572964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A photoacoustic detection module based on a gold-plated photoacoustic cell was reported in this manuscript to measure hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas in sewers. A 1582 nm distributed feedback (DFB) diode laser was employed as the excitation light source of the photoacoustic sensor. Operating pressure within the photoacoustic cell and laser modulation depth were optimized at room temperature, and the long-term stability of the photoacoustic sensor system was analyzed by an Allan-Werle deviation analysis. Experimental results showed that under atmospheric pressure and room temperature conditions, the photoacoustic detection module exhibits a sensitivity of 11.39 μV/ppm of H2S and can reach a minimum detection limit (1σ) of 140 ppb of H2S with an integration time of 1 s. The sensor was tested for in-field measurements by sampling gas in the sewer near the Shanxi University canteen: levels of H2S of 81.5 ppm were measured, below the 100 ppm limit reported by the Chinese sewer bidding document.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab—Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Biao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab—Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab—Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab—Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
- PolySense Innovations Srl, Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (H.W.)
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (H.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu Q, Lv H, Lin L, Wu H, Giglio M, Zhu W, Zhong Y, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Dong L, Spagnolo V, Yu J, Zheng H. Clamp-type quartz tuning fork enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett 2022; 47:4556-4559. [PMID: 36048703 DOI: 10.1364/ol.464334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, clamp-type quartz tuning fork enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (Clamp-type QEPAS) is proposed and realized through the design, realization, and testing of clamp-type quartz tuning forks (QTFs) for photoacoustic gas sensing. The clamp-type QTF provides a wavefront-shaped aperture with a diameter up to 1 mm, while keeping Q factors > 104. This novel, to the best of our knowledge, design results in a more than ten times increase in the area available for laser beam focusing for the QEPAS technique with respect to a standard QTF. The wavefront-shaped clamp-type prongs effectively improve the acoustic wave coupling efficiency. The possibility to implement a micro-resonator system for clamp-type QTF is also investigated. A signal-to-noise enhancement of ∼30 times has been obtained with a single-tube acoustic micro resonator length of 8 mm, ∼20% shorter than the dual-tube micro-resonator employed in a conventional QEPAS system.
Collapse
|
13
|
Carey GB, Ezelle HJ, Steinle N, Cao Q, Simington L, Matson C, Singh N, Jones L, Mohindra P, Cullen KJ, Giglio M, Parker E, Hassel BA. Correction to: Robust Institutional Support and Collaboration Between Summer Training Programs in Cancer and Biomedicine Drive the Pivot to a Virtual Format in Response to the COVID Pandemic. J Cancer Educ 2022; 37:872-873. [PMID: 35349108 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G B Carey
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Office of Student Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - H J Ezelle
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - N Steinle
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Maryland VA Health Care System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Q Cao
- Office of Student Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - L Simington
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - C Matson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - N Singh
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - L Jones
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - P Mohindra
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - K J Cullen
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - M Giglio
- Institute for Genome Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - E Parker
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - B A Hassel
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carey GB, Ezelle HJ, Steinle N, Cao Q, Simington L, Matson C, Singh N, Jones L, Mohindra P, Cullen KJ, Giglio M, Parker E, Hassel BA. Robust Institutional Support and Collaboration Between Summer Training Programs in Cancer and Biomedicine Drive the Pivot to a Virtual Format in Response to the COVID Pandemic. J Cancer Educ 2022; 37:857-871. [PMID: 35098479 PMCID: PMC8801290 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-02124-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Summer internships serve important roles in training the next generation of biomedical researchers and healthcare providers through laboratory and clinical experiences that excite trainees about these fields and help them make informed decisions about career paths. The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID) pandemic and associated physical distancing restrictions precluded implementation of traditional in-person summer curricula and led to the cancellation of many internships across the USA. COVID-related disruptions also created opportunities for trainees to engage in remote research, become proficient in online learning platforms, and explore multidisciplinary topics. These skills are highly relevant to trainees as virtual interfaces occupy an increasingly mainstream role in their professional paths. The response to the COVID pandemic required real-time adaptations at all levels for major biomedical institutions including the University of Maryland Baltimore (UMB). Pivoting summer programs to a virtual format as part of this response provided a "teachable moment" to expose trainees to the innovation and resilience that are essential components of the biomedical profession. UMB summer programs, which span diverse biomedical disciplines from cancer research to diabetes, consolidated resources and identified mentors with online research projects to develop a robust virtual curriculum. Herein, data from a cancer-focused internship illustrate the collaborative adaptations to established components and creation of new learning modules in the transition to, and implementation of, online training. Outcomes are presented in the context of the COVID pandemic and significant societal issues that arose in the summer of 2020. The utility of virtual components and their impact on future programs is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G B Carey
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Office of Student Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - H J Ezelle
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - N Steinle
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Maryland VA Health Care System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Q Cao
- Office of Student Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - L Simington
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - C Matson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - N Singh
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - L Jones
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - P Mohindra
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - K J Cullen
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - M Giglio
- Institute for Genome Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - E Parker
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - B A Hassel
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Menduni G, Zifarelli A, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Amoroso N, Wu H, Dong L, Bellotti R, Spagnolo V. High-concentration methane and ethane QEPAS detection employing partial least squares regression to filter out energy relaxation dependence on gas matrix composition. Photoacoustics 2022; 26:100349. [PMID: 35345809 PMCID: PMC8956809 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor capable to detect high concentrations of methane (C1) and ethane (C2) is here reported. The hydrocarbons fingerprint region around 3 µm was exploited using an interband cascade laser (ICL). A standard quartz tuning fork (QTF) coupled with two resonator tubes was used to detect the photoacoustic signal generated by the target molecules. Employing dedicated electronic boards to both control the laser source and collect the QTF signal, a shoe-box sized QEPAS sensor was realized. All the generated mixtures were downstream humidified to remove the influence of water vapor on the target gases. Several natural gas-like samples were generated and subsequently diluted 1:10 in N2. In the concentration ranges under investigation (1%-10% for C1 and 0.1%-1% for C2), both linear and nonlinear responses of the sensor were measured and signal variations due to matrix effects were observed. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed as a multivariate statistical tool to accurately determine the concentrations of C1 and C2 in the mixtures, compensating the matrix relaxation effects. The achieved results extend the range of C1 and C2 concentrations detectable by QEPAS technique up to the percent scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
- PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
- Corresponding author at: PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126, Italy.
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
- PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Nicola Amoroso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via A. Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Roberto Bellotti
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, Bari, 70125, Italy
- PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Zifarelli A, Wu H, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy for multi-gas detection: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:338894. [PMID: 35341511 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multi-gas detection represents a suitable solution in many applications, such as environmental and atmospheric monitoring, chemical reaction and industrial process control, safety and security, oil&gas and biomedicine. Among optical techniques, Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) has been demonstrated to be a leading-edge technology for addressing multi-gas detection, thanks to the modularity, ruggedness, portability and real time operation of the QEPAS sensors. The detection module consists in a spectrophone, mounted in a vacuum-tight cell and detecting sound waves generated via photoacoustic excitation within the gas sample. As a result, the sound detection is wavelength-independent and the volume of the absorption cell is basically determined by the spectrophone dimensions, typically in the order of few cubic centimeters. In this review paper, the implementation of the QEPAS technique for multi-gas detection will be discussed for three main areas of applications: i) multi-gas trace sensing by exploiting non-interfering absorption features; ii) multi-gas detection dealing with overlapping absorption bands; iii) multi-gas detection in fluctuating backgrounds. The fundamental role of the analysis and statistical tools will be also discussed in detail in relation with the specific applications. This overview on QEPAS technique, highlighting merits and drawbacks, aims at providing ready-to-use guidelines for multi-gas detection in a wide range of applications and operating conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Sampaolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Polysense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Polysense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Polysense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Polysense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Polysense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hayden J, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Spagnolo V, Lendl B. Mid-infrared intracavity quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy with pptv - Level sensitivity using a T-shaped custom tuning fork. Photoacoustics 2022; 25:100330. [PMID: 35198376 PMCID: PMC8844809 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Resonant optical power buildup inside a high finesse cavity is exploited to boost the sensitivity in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) for CO, N2O and H2O detection, operating at a wavelength of 4.59 µm. A quartz tuning fork with T-shaped prongs optimized for QEPAS has been employed. Exploiting the high signal-to-noise ratio attainable with this tuning fork together with an optical power amplification of ~100 enabled by efficient optical feedback locking, limits of detection (3σ, 10 s integration) of 260 ppt and 750 ppt for CO and N2O have been reached.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Hayden
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernhard Lendl
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin H, Zheng H, Montano BAZ, Wu H, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Zhu W, Zhong Y, Dong L, Kan R, Yu J, Spagnolo V. Ppb-level gas detection using on-beam quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy based on a 28 kHz tuning fork. Photoacoustics 2022; 25:100321. [PMID: 34976726 PMCID: PMC8683655 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an on-beam quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor based on a custom quartz tuning fork (QTF) acting as a photoacoustic transducer, was realized and tested. The QTF is characterized by a resonance frequency of 28 kHz, ~15% lower than that of a commercially available 32.7 kHz standard QTF. One-dimensional acoustic micro resonator (AmR) was designed and optimized by using stainless-steel capillaries. The 28 kHz QTF and AmRs are assembled in on-beam QEPAS configuration. The AmR geometrical parameters have been optimized in terms of length and internal diameter. The laser beam focus position and the AmR coupling distance were also adjusted to maximize the coupling efficiency. For comparison, QEPAS on-beam configurations based on a standard QTF and on the 28 kHz QTF were compared in terms of H2O and CO2 detection sensitivity. In order to better characterize the performance of the system, H2O, C2H2 and CO2 were detected for a long time and the long-term stability was analyzed by an Allan variance analysis. With the integration time of 1 s, the detection limits for H2O, C2H2 and CO2 are 1.2 ppm, 28.8 ppb and 2.4 ppm, respectively. The detection limits for H2O, C2H2 and CO2 can be further improved to 325 ppb, 10.3 ppb and 318 ppb by increasing the integration time to 521 s, 183 s and 116 s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huadan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Baiyang Antonio Zhou Montano
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Wenguo Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yongchun Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ruifeng Kan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jianhui Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sgobba F, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Menduni G, Ranieri AC, Hoelzl C, Rossmadl H, Brehm C, Mackowiak V, Assante D, Ranieri E, Spagnolo V. Compact and portable quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor for carbon monoxide environmental monitoring in urban areas. Photoacoustics 2022; 25:100318. [PMID: 34888139 PMCID: PMC8636818 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on the realization, calibration, and test outdoor of a 19-inches rack 3-units sized Quartz Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) trace gas sensor designed for real-time carbon monoxide monitoring in ambient air. Since CO acts as a slow energy relaxer when excited in the mid-infrared spectral region, its QEPAS signal is affected by the presence of relaxation promoters, such as water vapor, or quenchers like molecular oxygen. We analyzed in detail all the CO relaxation processes with typical collisional partners in an ambient air matrix and used this information to evaluate oxygen and humidity-related effects, allowing the real CO concentration to be retrieved. The sensor was tested outdoor in a trafficked urban area for several hours providing results comparable with the daily averages reported by the local air inspection agency, with spikes in CO concentration correlated to the passages of heavy-duty vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Sgobba
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
- PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
- PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
| | - Ada Cristina Ranieri
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
- Faculty of Engineering, Uninettuno University, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Dario Assante
- Faculty of Engineering, Uninettuno University, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Ranieri
- Biology Department, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
- PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126 Italy
- Corresponding author at: PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari 70126, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sampaolo A, Yu C, Wei T, Zifarelli A, Giglio M, Patimisco P, Zhu H, Zhu H, He L, Wu H, Dong L, Xu G, Spagnolo V. H 2S quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor employing a liquid-nitrogen-cooled THz quantum cascade laser operating in pulsed mode. Photoacoustics 2021; 21:100219. [PMID: 33437615 PMCID: PMC7786112 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection, exploiting a liquid-nitrogen-cooled THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating in pulsed mode. The spectrophone was designed to accommodate a THz QCL beam and consisted of a custom quartz tuning fork with a large prong spacing, coupled with acoustic resonator tubes. The targeted rotational transition falls at 2.87 THz (95.626 cm-1), with a line-strength of 5.53 ∙ 10-20 cm/mol. A THz QCL peak power of 150 mW was measured at a heat sink temperature of 81 K, pulse width of 1 μs and repetition rate of 15.8 kHz. A QEPAS record sensitivity for H2S detection in the THz range of 360 part-per-billion in volume was achieved at a gas pressure of 60 Torr and 10 s integration time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Sampaolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Chenren Yu
- Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Tingting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Huan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Haiqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Li He
- Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Gangyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dello Russo S, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Menduni G, Giglio M, Hoelzl C, Passaro VM, Wu H, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy exploiting low-frequency tuning forks as a tool to measure the vibrational relaxation rate in gas species. Photoacoustics 2021; 21:100227. [PMID: 33364164 PMCID: PMC7750171 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated that quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) is an efficient tool to measure the vibrational relaxation rate of gas species, employing quartz tuning forks (QTFs) as sound detectors. Based on the dependence of the QTF resonance frequency on the resonator geometry, a wide range of acoustic frequencies with narrow detection bandwidth was probed. By measuring the QEPAS signal of the target analyte as well as the resonance properties of different QTFs as a function of the gas pressure, the relaxation time can be retrieved. This approach has been tested in the near infrared range by measuring the CH4 (nν4 ) vibrational relaxation rate in a mixture of 1% CH4, 0.15 % H2O in N2, and the H2O (ν1 ) relaxation rate in a mixture of 0.5 % H2O in N2. Relaxation times of 3.2 ms Torr and 0.25 ms Torr were estimated for CH4 and H2O, respectively, in excellent agreement with values reported in literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Dello Russo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
| | | | - Vittorio M.N. Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, 70126 Italy
- Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Menduni G, Sgobba F, Russo SD, Ranieri AC, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Passaro VM, Csutak S, Assante D, Ranieri E, Geoffrion E, Spagnolo V. Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235607. [PMID: 33260601 PMCID: PMC7729494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a fiber-coupled, quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) near-IR sensor for sequential detection of methane (CH4 or C1) and ethane (C2H6 or C2) in air. With the aim of developing a lightweight, compact, low-power-consumption sensor suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-empowered environmental monitoring, an all-fiber configuration was designed and realized. Two laser diodes emitting at 1653.7 nm and 1684 nm for CH4 and C2H6 detection, respectively, were fiber-combined and fiber-coupled to the collimator port of the acoustic detection module. No cross talk between methane and ethane QEPAS signal was observed, and the related peak signals were well resolved. The QEPAS sensor was calibrated using gas samples generated from certified concentrations of 1% CH4 in N2 and 1% C2H6 in N2. At a lock-in integration time of 100 ms, minimum detection limits of 0.76 ppm and 34 ppm for methane and ethane were achieved, respectively. The relaxation rate of CH4 in standard air has been investigated considering the effects of H2O, N2 and O2 molecules. No influence on the CH4 QEPAS signal is expected when the water vapor concentration level present in air varies in the range 0.6–3%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Sgobba
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Stefano Dello Russo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Ada Cristina Ranieri
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Engineering, Uninettuno University, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Vittorio M.N. Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sebastian Csutak
- Independent Consultant, 16300 Park Row Dr, Houston, TX 77084, USA;
| | - Dario Assante
- Faculty of Engineering, Uninettuno University, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ezio Ranieri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Eric Geoffrion
- Thorlabs Canada ULC, 361 Boulevard Montpellier, Saint-Laurent, QC H4N 2G6, Canada;
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (F.S.); (S.D.R.); (A.C.R.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-544-2373
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zheng H, Liu Y, Lin H, Kan R, Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Giglio M, Zhu W, Yu J, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V, Chen Z. Sub-ppb-level CH 4 detection by exploiting a low-noise differential photoacoustic resonator with a room-temperature interband cascade laser. Opt Express 2020; 28:19446-19456. [PMID: 32672221 DOI: 10.1364/oe.391322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An ultra-highly sensitive and robust CH4 sensor is reported based on a 3.3 µm interband cascade laser (ICL) and a low-noise differential photoacoustic (PAS) cell. The ICL emission wavelength targeted a fundamental absorption line of CH4 at 2988.795 cm-1 with an intensity of 1.08 × 10-19 cm/molecule. The double-pass and differential design of the PAS cell effectively enhanced the PAS signal amplitude and decreased its background noise. The wavelength modulation depth, operating pressure and V-T relaxation promotion were optimized to maximize the sensor detection limit. With an integration time of 90 s, a detection limit of 0.6 ppb was achieved. No additional water or air laser cooling were required and thereby allowing the realization of a compact and robust CH4 sensor.
Collapse
|
24
|
Elefante A, Menduni G, Rossmadl H, Mackowiak V, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Passaro VMN, Spagnolo V. Environmental Monitoring of Methane with Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Exploiting an Electronic Hygrometer to Compensate the H 2O Influence on the Sensor Signal. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20102935. [PMID: 32455887 PMCID: PMC7285253 DOI: 10.3390/s20102935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A dual-gas sensor based on the combination of a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor and an electronic hygrometer was realized for the simultaneous detection of methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in air. The QEPAS sensor employed an interband cascade laser operating at 3.34 μm capable of targeting a CH4 absorption line at 2988.8 cm−1 and a water line at 2988.6 cm−1. Water vapor was measured with both the electronic hygrometer and the QEPAS sensor for comparison. The measurement accuracy provided by the hygrometer enabled the adjustment of methane QEPAS signal with respect to the water vapor concentration to retrieve the actual CH4 concentration. The sensor was tested by performing prolonged measurements of CH4 and H2O over 60 h to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for environmental monitoring applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Elefante
- PolySense Lab-Physics Department, University and Polytechnic of Bari, CNR-IFN, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.E.); (G.M.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab-Physics Department, University and Polytechnic of Bari, CNR-IFN, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.E.); (G.M.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (P.P.)
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Hubert Rossmadl
- Thorlabs GmbH, Münchner Weg 1, 85232 Bergkirchen, Germany; (H.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Verena Mackowiak
- Thorlabs GmbH, Münchner Weg 1, 85232 Bergkirchen, Germany; (H.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab-Physics Department, University and Polytechnic of Bari, CNR-IFN, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.E.); (G.M.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab-Physics Department, University and Polytechnic of Bari, CNR-IFN, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.E.); (G.M.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab-Physics Department, University and Polytechnic of Bari, CNR-IFN, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.E.); (G.M.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Vittorio M. N. Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab-Physics Department, University and Polytechnic of Bari, CNR-IFN, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.E.); (G.M.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Giglio M, Zifarelli A, Sampaolo A, Menduni G, Elefante A, Blanchard R, Pfluegl C, Witinski MF, Vakhshoori D, Wu H, Passaro VM, Patimisco P, Tittel FK, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Broadband detection of methane and nitrous oxide using a distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser array and quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensing. Photoacoustics 2020; 17:100159. [PMID: 31956489 PMCID: PMC6957850 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2019.100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on the broadband detection of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) mixtures in dry nitrogen by using a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic (QEPAS) sensor exploiting an array of 32 distributed-feedback quantum cascade lasers, within a spectral emission range of 1190-1340 cm-1 as the excitation source. Methane detection down to a minimum detection limit of 200 ppb at 10 s lock-in integration time was achieved. The sensor demonstrated a linear response in the range of 200-1000 ppm. Three different mixtures of N2O and CH4 in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure have been analyzed. The capability of the developed QEPAS sensor to selectively determine the N2O and CH4 concentrations was demonstrated, in spite of significant overlap in their respective absorption spectra in the investigated spectral range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Giglio
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Arianna Elefante
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Romain Blanchard
- Pendar Technologies, 30 Spinelli Place, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Mark F. Witinski
- Pendar Technologies, 30 Spinelli Place, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vittorio M.N. Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
| | - Frank K. Tittel
- Rice University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- PolySense Lab – Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dello Russo S, Zhou S, Zifarelli A, Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Giglio M, Iannuzzi D, Spagnolo V. Photoacoustic spectroscopy for gas sensing: A comparison between piezoelectric and interferometric readout in custom quartz tuning forks. Photoacoustics 2020; 17:100155. [PMID: 31956485 PMCID: PMC6957788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2019.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report on a comparison between piezoelectric and interferometric readouts of vibrations in quartz tuning forks (QTFs) when acting as sound wave transducers in a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic setup (QEPAS) for trace gas detection. A theoretical model relating the prong vibration amplitude with the QTF prong sizes and electrical resistance is proposed. To compare interferometric and piezoelectric readouts, two QTFs have been selected; a tuning fork with rectangular-shape of the prongs, having a resonance frequency of 3.4 kHz and a quality-factor of 4,000, and a QTF with prong having a T-shape characterized by a resonance frequency of 12.4 kHz with a quality-factor of 15,000. Comparison between the interferometric and piezoelectric readouts were performed by using both QTFs in a QEPAS sensor setup for water vapor detection. We demonstrated that the QTF geometry can be properly designed to enhance the signal from a specific readout mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Dello Russo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Zifarelli
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Davide Iannuzzi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Corresponding author at: PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- R. Scazzosi
- Dipartimento di Meccanica Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - M. Giglio
- Dipartimento di Meccanica Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - A. Manes
- Dipartimento di Meccanica Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Timotijevic L, Hodgkins CE, Banks A, Rusconi P, Egan B, Peacock M, Seiss E, Touray MML, Gage H, Pellicano C, Spalletta G, Assogna F, Giglio M, Marcante A, Gentile G, Cikajlo I, Gatsios D, Konitsiotis S, Fotiadis D. Designing a mHealth clinical decision support system for Parkinson's disease: a theoretically grounded user needs approach. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2020; 20:34. [PMID: 32075633 PMCID: PMC7031960 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-1027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the established evidence and theoretical advances explaining human judgments under uncertainty, developments of mobile health (mHealth) Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) have not explicitly applied the psychology of decision making to the study of user needs. We report on a user needs approach to develop a prototype of a mHealth CDSS for Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is theoretically grounded in the psychological literature about expert decision making and judgement under uncertainty. Methods A suite of user needs studies was conducted in 4 European countries (Greece, Italy, Slovenia, the UK) prior to the development of PD_Manager, a mHealth-based CDSS designed for Parkinson’s disease, using wireless technology. Study 1 undertook Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) including elicitation of user needs, cognitive demands and perceived risks/benefits (ethical considerations) associated with the proposed CDSS, through structured interviews of prescribing clinicians (N = 47). Study 2 carried out computational modelling of prescribing clinicians’ (N = 12) decision strategies based on social judgment theory. Study 3 was a vignette study of prescribing clinicians’ (N = 18) willingness to change treatment based on either self-reported symptoms data, devices-generated symptoms data or combinations of both. Results Study 1 indicated that system development should move away from the traditional silos of ‘motor’ and ‘non-motor’ symptom evaluations and suggest that presenting data on symptoms according to goal-based domains would be the most beneficial approach, the most important being patients’ overall Quality of Life (QoL). The computational modelling in Study 2 extrapolated different factor combinations when making judgements about different questions. Study 3 indicated that the clinicians were equally likely to change the care plan based on information about the change in the patient’s condition from the patient’s self-report and the wearable devices. Conclusions Based on our approach, we could formulate the following principles of mHealth design: 1) enabling shared decision making between the clinician, patient and the carer; 2) flexibility that accounts for diagnostic and treatment variation among clinicians; 3) monitoring of information integration from multiple sources. Our approach highlighted the central importance of the patient-clinician relationship in clinical decision making and the relevance of theoretical as opposed to algorithm (technology)-based modelling of human judgment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Timotijevic
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - C E Hodgkins
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - A Banks
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - P Rusconi
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - B Egan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - M Peacock
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - E Seiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Bournemouth, Bournemouth, UK
| | - M M L Touray
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - H Gage
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - C Pellicano
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Fondanzione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - G Spalletta
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Fondanzione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - F Assogna
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Fondanzione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - M Giglio
- Fondanzione Ospedale San Camillo (I.R.C.C.S.), Parkinson's Department Institute of Neurology, Venice, Italy
| | - A Marcante
- Fondanzione Ospedale San Camillo (I.R.C.C.S.), Parkinson's Department Institute of Neurology, Venice, Italy
| | - G Gentile
- Fondanzione Ospedale San Camillo (I.R.C.C.S.), Parkinson's Department Institute of Neurology, Venice, Italy
| | - I Cikajlo
- University Rehabilitation Institute, Republic of Slovenia, Soča, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Gatsios
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - S Konitsiotis
- Nurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - D Fotiadis
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Elefante A, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Menduni G, Patimisco P, Passaro VMN, Wu H, Rossmadl H, Mackowiak V, Cable A, Tittel FK, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Dual-Gas Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensor for Simultaneous Detection of Methane/Nitrous Oxide and Water Vapor. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12866-12873. [PMID: 31500409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a dual-gas quartz-enhanced photoacoustic (QEPAS) sensor capable of simultaneous detection of water vapor and alternatively methane or nitrous oxide is reported. A diode laser and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) excited independently and simultaneously both the fundamental and the first overtone flexural mode of the quartz tuning fork (QTF), respectively. The diode laser targeted a water absorption line located at 7181.16 cm-1 (1.392 μm), while the QCL emission wavelength is centered at 7.71 μm and was tuned to target two strong absorption lines of methane and nitrous oxide, located at 1297.47 and 1297.05 cm-1, respectively. Two sets of microresonator tubes were positioned, respectively, at the antinode points of the fundamental and the first overtone flexural modes of the QTF to enhance the QEPAS signal-to-noise ratio. Detection limits of 18 ppb for methane, 5 ppb for nitrous oxide and 20 ppm for water vapor have been achieved at a lock-in integration time of 100 ms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Elefante
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China.,PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica , University and Politecnico of Bari , Via Amendola 173 , Bari , Italy
| | - Marilena Giglio
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China.,PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica , University and Politecnico of Bari , Via Amendola 173 , Bari , Italy
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China.,PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica , University and Politecnico of Bari , Via Amendola 173 , Bari , Italy
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica , University and Politecnico of Bari , Via Amendola 173 , Bari , Italy.,Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'informazione , Politecnico di Bari , Via Orabona 4 , Bari , 70126 , Italy
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China.,PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica , University and Politecnico of Bari , Via Amendola 173 , Bari , Italy
| | - Vittorio M N Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'informazione , Politecnico di Bari , Via Orabona 4 , Bari , 70126 , Italy
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - Hubert Rossmadl
- Thorlabs GmbH , Hans-Boeckler-Straße 6 , 85221 Dachau , Germany
| | | | - Alex Cable
- Thorlabs, Inc. , 56 Sparta Ave. , Newton , 07860 , United States
| | - Frank K Tittel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China.,PolySense Lab - Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica , University and Politecnico of Bari , Via Amendola 173 , Bari , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dello Russo S, Giglio M, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Menduni G, Wu H, Dong L, Passaro VMN, Spagnolo V. Acoustic Coupling between Resonator Tubes in Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectrophones Employing a Large Prong Spacing Tuning Fork. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19194109. [PMID: 31547566 PMCID: PMC6806163 DOI: 10.3390/s19194109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical model describing the acoustic coupling between two resonator tubes in spectrophones exploiting custom-made quartz tuning forks (QTFs) is proposed. The model is based on an open-end correction to predict the optimal tube length. A calculation of the sound field distribution from one tube exit allowed for the estimation of the optimal radius as a function of the QTF prong spacing and the sound wavelength. The theoretical predictions have been confirmed using experimental studies employing a custom QTF with a fundamental flexural mode resonance frequency of 15.8 kHz and a quality factor of 15,000 at atmospheric pressure. The spacing between the two prongs was 1.5 mm. Spectrophones mounting this QTF were implemented for the quartz-enhanced photoacoustic detection of water vapor in air in the mid-infrared spectral range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Dello Russo
- PolySense Lab, Physics Department, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, I-70100 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marilena Giglio
- PolySense Lab, Physics Department, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, I-70100 Bari, Italy.
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- PolySense Lab, Physics Department, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, I-70100 Bari, Italy.
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- PolySense Lab, Physics Department, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, I-70100 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giansergio Menduni
- PolySense Lab, Physics Department, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, I-70100 Bari, Italy.
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'informazione, Politecnico of Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Vittorio M N Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'informazione, Politecnico of Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- PolySense Lab, Physics Department, Politecnico and University of Bari, CNR-IFN, I-70100 Bari, Italy.
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Braibanti M, Artola PA, Baaske P, Bataller H, Bazile JP, Bou-Ali MM, Cannell DS, Carpineti M, Cerbino R, Croccolo F, Diaz J, Donev A, Errarte A, Ezquerro JM, Frutos-Pastor A, Galand Q, Galliero G, Gaponenko Y, García-Fernández L, Gavaldá J, Giavazzi F, Giglio M, Giraudet C, Hoang H, Kufner E, Köhler W, Lapeira E, Laverón-Simavilla A, Legros JC, Lizarraga I, Lyubimova T, Mazzoni S, Melville N, Mialdun A, Minster O, Montel F, Molster FJ, Ortiz de Zárate JM, Rodríguez J, Rousseau B, Ruiz X, Ryzhkov II, Schraml M, Shevtsova V, Takacs CJ, Triller T, Van Vaerenbergh S, Vailati A, Verga A, Vermorel R, Vesovic V, Yasnou V, Xu S, Zapf D, Zhang K. European Space Agency experiments on thermodiffusion of fluid mixtures in space. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2019; 42:86. [PMID: 31289962 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11849-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the European Space Agency (ESA) experiments devoted to study thermodiffusion of fluid mixtures in microgravity environment, where sedimentation and convection do not affect the mass flow induced by the Soret effect. First, the experiments performed on binary mixtures in the IVIDIL and GRADFLEX experiments are described. Then, further experiments on ternary mixtures and complex fluids performed in DCMIX and planned to be performed in the context of the NEUF-DIX project are presented. Finally, multi-component mixtures studied in the SCCO project are detailed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Braibanti
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
| | - P -A Artola
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - P Baaske
- Nanotemper Technologies GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - H Bataller
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 1 Allée du Parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
| | - J -P Bazile
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 64000, Pau, France
| | - M M Bou-Ali
- MGEP Mondragon GoiEskola Politeknikoa, Mechanical and Industrial Manufacturing Department, Mondragon, Spain
| | - D S Cannell
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - M Carpineti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - R Cerbino
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - F Croccolo
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 1 Allée du Parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
| | - J Diaz
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 64000, Pau, France
| | - A Donev
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 10012, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Errarte
- MGEP Mondragon GoiEskola Politeknikoa, Mechanical and Industrial Manufacturing Department, Mondragon, Spain
| | - J M Ezquerro
- E-USOC. ETSIAE, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Frutos-Pastor
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Q Galand
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Galliero
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Y Gaponenko
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L García-Fernández
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 1 Allée du Parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), 2, Place Maurice Quentin, 75001, Paris, France
| | - J Gavaldá
- Departament de Química Física i Inòrganica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - F Giavazzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - M Giglio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - C Giraudet
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - H Hoang
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, 10C Tran Nhat Duat Street, District 1, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - E Kufner
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - W Köhler
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - E Lapeira
- MGEP Mondragon GoiEskola Politeknikoa, Mechanical and Industrial Manufacturing Department, Mondragon, Spain
| | | | - J -C Legros
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Lizarraga
- MGEP Mondragon GoiEskola Politeknikoa, Mechanical and Industrial Manufacturing Department, Mondragon, Spain
| | - T Lyubimova
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, 614013, Perm, Russia
| | - S Mazzoni
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - N Melville
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - A Mialdun
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - O Minster
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - F Montel
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 64000, Pau, France
| | - F J Molster
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - J M Ortiz de Zárate
- Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Facultad de Fisica, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de las Ciencias 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Rodríguez
- E-USOC. ETSIAE, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Rousseau
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - X Ruiz
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), 2, Place Maurice Quentin, 75001, Paris, France
| | - I I Ryzhkov
- Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS, 660036, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - M Schraml
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - V Shevtsova
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C J Takacs
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - T Triller
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - S Van Vaerenbergh
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Vailati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - A Verga
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - R Vermorel
- Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs - IPRA, UMR5150, E2S-Univ Pau & Pays Adour / CNRS / TOTAL, 64000, Pau, France
| | - V Vesovic
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - V Yasnou
- MRC, Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/62, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - D Zapf
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - K Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery (Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development), CNPC, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Giglio M, Elefante A, Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Sgobba F, Rossmadl H, Mackowiak V, Wu H, Tittel FK, Dong L, Spagnolo V. Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensor for ethylene detection implementing optimized custom tuning fork-based spectrophone. Opt Express 2019; 27:4271-4280. [PMID: 30876044 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.004271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The design and realization of two highly sensitive and easily interchangeable spectrophones based on custom quartz tuning forks, with a rectangular (S1) or T-shaped (S2) prongs geometry, is reported. The two spectrophones have been implemented in a QEPAS sensor for ethylene detection, employing a DFB-QCL emitting at 10.337 μm with an optical power of 74.2 mW. A comparison between their performances showed a signal-to-noise ratio 3.4 times higher when implementing the S2 spectrophone. For the S2-based sensor, a linear dependence of the QEPAS signal on ethylene concentration was demonstrated in the 5 ppm -100 ppm range. For a 10 s lock-in integration time, an ethylene minimum detection limit of 10 ppb was calculated.
Collapse
|
33
|
Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Giglio M, Dello Russo S, Mackowiak V, Rossmadl H, Cable A, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V. Tuning forks with optimized geometries for quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Express 2019; 27:1401-1415. [PMID: 30696206 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.001401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design, realization, and performance of novel quartz tuning forks (QTFs) optimized for quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS). Starting from a QTF geometry designed to provide a fundamental flexural in-plane vibrational mode resonance frequency of ~16 kHz, with a quality factor of 15,000 at atmospheric pressure, two novel geometries have been realized: a QTF with T-shaped prongs and a QTF with prongs having rectangular grooves carved on both surface sides. The QTF with grooves showed the lowest electrical resistance, while the T-shaped prongs QTF provided the best photoacoustic response in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). When acoustically coupled with a pair of micro-resonator tubes, the T-shaped QTF provides a SNR enhancement of a factor of 60 with respect to the bare QTF, which represents a record value for mid-infrared QEPAS sensing.
Collapse
|
34
|
Medica M, Giglio M, Germinale F, Timossi L, Romagnoli A, Bertolotto F, Carmignani G. Roach's Mathematical Equations in Predicting Pathological Stage in Men with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer. Tumori 2018; 87:130-3. [PMID: 11504365 DOI: 10.1177/030089160108700304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background The therapeutic choice in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer depends on preoperative clinical stage. Diagnostic instruments currently available for such an evaluation – considered separately – have not shown enough efficacy. Roach has recently introduced three simple mathematical equations that – on the basis of prostate-specific antigen and the biopsy Gleason score – are aimed at calculating the definitive pathological stage. We retrospectively analyzed our radical prostatectomy data base to assess the accuracy of the equations in predicting the final stage in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. Methods Study Design The study included 173 patients who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy at our Institution. Patients were divided into 25 groups, depending on preoperative PSA and the biopsy Gleason score. The risk of extracapsular neoplastic growth, seminal vesicle involvement and lymph node involvement was calculated for each group by means of Roach's equations. On the basis of definitive histological examinations, we compared the expected risk to the observed risk. Results The observed risk fell within the interval of expected risk in I6 of 17 groups (94%) regarding the evaluation of extracapsular growth, in I5 of 17 (88%) regarding the analysis of seminal vesicle involvement, and in 14 of 17 (82%) regarding the evaluation of lymph node involvement. Therefore, the observed event was in agreement with the expected event in 45 of 51 groups (88%). Conclusions The equations represent a practical and effective instrument for preoperative clinical staging in patients with localized prostate cancer. By means of these mathematical formulas, one can assess the correct prognosis and – above all – plan the best therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Medica
- Luciano Giuliani Department of Urology, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Giglio M, Mackowiak V, Rossmadl H, Gross B, Cable A, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V. Octupole electrode pattern for tuning forks vibrating at the first overtone mode in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett 2018; 43:1854-1857. [PMID: 29652382 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The design, realization, and performance analysis of an octupole electrode pattern configuration intended for the optimization of the charge collection efficiency in quartz tuning forks (QTFs) vibrating at the first overtone in-plane flexural mode is reported. Two QTFs having the same geometry, but differing in the electrode pattern deposited on the QTF prongs, have been realized in order to study the influence of the electrode pattern on the resonance quality factor and electrical resistance. A standard quadrupole pattern (optimized for the fundamental mode) and an octupole electrode layout have been implemented. Although both QTFs show the same resonance quality factor for the first overtone, the octupole pattern provides a reduction of the QTF electrical resistance by more than four times. The sensing performance of the two QTFs has been compared by employing them in a mid-IR quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensor (QEPAS) system targeting a water absorption line. When operating at the first overtone mode, the QTF with an octupole electrode pattern provides a QEPAS signal more than two times higher with respect to the QTF employing the standard quadrupole configuration.
Collapse
|
36
|
Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Chieco L, Scamarcio G, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V. Highly sensitive gas leak detector based on a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic SF6 sensor. Opt Express 2016; 24:15872-81. [PMID: 27410857 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.015872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The implementation, performance validation, and testing of a gas-leak optical sensor based on mid-IR quartz-enhanced photoacoustic (QEPAS) spectroscopic technique is reported. A QEPAS sensor was integrated in a vacuum-sealed test station for mechatronic components. The laser source for the sensor is a quantum cascade laser emitting at 10.56 µm, resonant with a strong absorption band of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which was selected as a leak tracer. The minimum detectable concentration of the QEPAS sensor is 2.7 parts per billion with an integration time of 1 s, corresponding to a sensitivity of leak flows in the 10-9 mbar∙l/s range, comparable with state-of-the-art leak detection techniques.
Collapse
|
37
|
Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Mihai L, Giglio M, Kriesel J, Sporea D, Scamarcio G, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V. Low-Loss Coupling of Quantum Cascade Lasers into Hollow-Core Waveguides with Single-Mode Output in the 3.7-7.6 μm Spectral Range. Sensors (Basel) 2016; 16:s16040533. [PMID: 27089343 PMCID: PMC4851047 DOI: 10.3390/s16040533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated low-loss and single-mode laser beam delivery through hollow-core waveguides (HCWs) operating in the 3.7–7.6 μm spectral range. The employed HCWs have a circular cross section with a bore diameter of 200 μm and metallic/dielectric internal coatings deposited inside a glass capillary tube. The internal coatings have been produced to enhance the spectral response of the HCWs in the range 3.5–12 µm. We demonstrated Gaussian-like outputs throughout the 4.5–7.6 µm spectral range. A quasi single-mode output beam with only small beam distortions was achieved when the wavelength was reduced to 3.7 μm. With a 15-cm-long HCW and optimized coupling conditions, we measured coupling efficiencies of >88% and transmission losses of <1 dB in the investigated infrared spectral range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Patimisco
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Angelo Sampaolo
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Laura Mihai
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics Laser Metrology and Standardization Laboratory 409 Atomistilor, 077125 Magurele-Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marilena Giglio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Jason Kriesel
- Opto-Knowledge Systems, Inc. (OKSI), 19805 Hamilton Ave., Torrance, CA 90502-1341, USA.
| | - Dan Sporea
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics Laser Metrology and Standardization Laboratory 409 Atomistilor, 077125 Magurele-Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Frank K Tittel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Giglio M, Patimisco P, Sampaolo A, Scamarcio G, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V. Allan Deviation Plot as a Tool for Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensors Noise Analysis. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2016; 63:555-60. [PMID: 26529758 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2015.2495013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report here on the use of the Allan deviation plot to analyze the long-term stability of a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic (QEPAS) gas sensor. The Allan plot provides information about the optimum averaging time for the QEPAS signal and allows the prediction of its ultimate detection limit. The Allan deviation can also be used to determine the main sources of noise coming from the individual components of the sensor. Quartz tuning fork thermal noise dominates for integration times up to 275 s, whereas at longer averaging times, the main contribution to the sensor noise originates from laser power instabilities.
Collapse
|
39
|
Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Vitiello MS, Beere HE, Ritchie DA, Scamarcio G, Tittel FK, Spagnolo V. Improved Tuning Fork for Terahertz Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy. Sensors (Basel) 2016; 16:439. [PMID: 27023552 PMCID: PMC4850953 DOI: 10.3390/s16040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report on a quartz-enhanced photoacoustic (QEPAS) sensor for methanol (CH3OH) detection employing a novel quartz tuning fork (QTF), specifically designed to enhance the QEPAS sensing performance in the terahertz (THz) spectral range. A discussion of the QTF properties in terms of resonance frequency, quality factor and acousto-electric transduction efficiency as a function of prong sizes and spacing between the QTF prongs is presented. The QTF was employed in a QEPAS sensor system using a 3.93 THz quantum cascade laser as the excitation source in resonance with a CH3OH rotational absorption line located at 131.054 cm−1. A minimum detection limit of 160 ppb in 30 s integration time, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption NNEA = 3.75 × 10−11 cm−1W/Hz½, was achieved, representing a nearly one-order-of-magnitude improvement with respect to previous reports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Sampaolo
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Pietro Patimisco
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Marilena Giglio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Miriam S Vitiello
- NEST, CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa I-56127, Italy.
| | - Harvey E Beere
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - David A Ritchie
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Frank K Tittel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Vincenzo Spagnolo
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro e Politecnico di Bari, Via Amendola 173, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Giglio M, Gilioli A, Manes A, Peroni L, Scapin M. Investigation about the influence of the mechanical properties of lead core and brass jacket of a NATO 7.62 mm ball bullet in numerical simulations of ballistic impacts. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20122604010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
41
|
Peroni L, Scapin M, Fichera C, Manes A, Giglio M. Mechanical properties at high strain-rate of lead core and brass jacket of a NATO 7.62 mm ball bullet. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20122601060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
42
|
Abstract
Equilibrium fluctuations of thermodynamic variables, such as density or concentration, are known to be small and typically occur at a molecular length scale. In contrast, theory predicts that non-equilibrium fluctuations grow very large both in amplitude and spatial size. On earth, the presence of gravity and buoyancy forces severely limits the development of the fluctuations. We will present the results of a 14-year long international collaboration on an experiment on non-equilibrium fluctuations in a single liquid and in a polymer solution under microgravity conditions. Non-equilibrium conditions are generated by applying a temperature gradient across millimetre-size liquid slabs. Phase modulations introduced by fluctuations are measured using a quantitative shadowgraph method, with the optical axis parallel to the temperature gradient. Thousands of images are analysed and their two-dimensional power spectra yield the fluctuation structure function S(q), once data are reduced accounting for the instrumental transfer function T(q). The mean-squared amplitude of the fluctuations exhibits an impressive power-law dependence at larger q and a crossover at low q showing that the fluctuation size is limited by the sample thickness. The shape of the structure function, its increase due to removing gravity, and its dependence on applied gradient are in reasonable agreement with available theoretical predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Vailati
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Potenza MAC, Sabareesh KPV, Carpineti M, Alaimo MD, Giglio M. How to measure the optical thickness of scattering particles from the phase delay of scattered waves: application to turbid samples. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:193901. [PMID: 21231169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.193901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present a method based on the optical theorem that yields absolute, calibration free estimates of the optical thickness of scattering particles. The thickness is determined from the phase delay of the zero angle scattered wave. It uses a heterodyne scattering scheme operating in the Raman-Nath approximation. The phase is determined by the position of Talbot-like modulations in the two dimensional power spectrum S(qx, qy) of the transmitted beam intensity distribution. The method is quite insensitive to multiple scattering. It is successfully tested to provide quantitative verification of the optical theorem. Exploratory tests on soft matter samples are reported to suggest its wide applicability to turbid samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A C Potenza
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Giglio M, Caggiano G, De Blasi R, Brienza N, Bucaria V, Ladisa P, Ceci G, Dalfino L, Montagna MT, Bruno F, Puntillo F. A fatal rhino-cerebral zygomycosis in a young woman with latent diabetes mellitus and cerebral blood vessel agenesis. Med Mycol 2010; 48:394-7. [PMID: 19657959 DOI: 10.1080/13693780903148361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhino-cerebral zygomycosis (RCZ) is an acute rapidly progressive fungal infection usually occurring in patients with diabetes mellitus and ketoacidosis. Patients typically complain of pain located in the facial, nasal or orbital regions, followed by sudden blindness and cranial nerve palsy. Early diagnosis, correction of risk factors, prompt surgical removal and aggressive antifungal therapy are warranted as life-saving treatments. The following report describes a case of a lethal RCZ which occurred in an apparently healthy woman with latent non-decompensated diabetes mellitus and a fetal-type posterior (FTP) circle of Willis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Giglio
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Policlinico Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Giglio M, Caggiano G, De Blasi R, Brienza N, Bucaria V, Ladisa P, Ceci G, Dalfino L, Montagna MT, Bruno F, Puntillo F. A fatal rhino-cerebral zygomycosis in a young woman with latent diabetes mellitus and cerebral blood vessel agenesis. Med Mycol 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/13693780903148361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
47
|
Potenza MAC, Sanvito T, Alaimo MD, Degiorgio V, Giglio M. Confocal zero-angle dynamic depolarized light scattering. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2010; 31:69-72. [PMID: 20087622 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2010-10550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel Dynamic Depolarized Scattering method based on a tight confocal, zero scattering angle, heterodyne scheme. The method is highly immune from parasitic multiple-scattering contributions, so that it can operate with non-index-matched samples presenting large turbidity. It provides measurements of both rotational and translational diffusion coefficients, the latter via number fluctuation spectroscopy. In addition, the amplitude ratio between the two baselines for the fast rotational mode and the slow translational mode can be used to determine the particles intrinsic birefringence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A C Potenza
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Alaimo MD, Potenza MAC, Manfredda M, Geloni G, Sztucki M, Narayanan T, Giglio M. Probing the transverse coherence of an undulator x-ray beam using brownian particles. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:194805. [PMID: 20365931 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.194805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method to map the two-dimensional transverse coherence of an x-ray beam using the dynamical near-field speckles formed by scattering from colloidal particles. Owing to the statistical nature of the method, the coherence properties of synchrotron radiation from an undulator source is obtained with high accuracy. The two-dimensional complex coherence function is determined at the sample position and the imaging optical scheme further allowed us to evaluate the coherence factor at the undulator output despite the aberrations introduced by the focusing optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Alaimo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, CNISM, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Degiorgio V, Potenza MAC, Giglio M. Scattering from anisotropic particles: a challenge for the optical theorem? Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2009; 29:379-382. [PMID: 19669180 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2009-10505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The optical theorem is a very general law of scattering theory that has been discussed almost exclusively for spherically symmetric scatterers. In this work we present the extension to the case of anisotropic scatterers, by treating explicitly the problem within the Rayleigh-Gans approximation. Working formulas for the fluctuating components of the forward-scattering amplitude SVV(0) and SVH(0) are given, and a paradox concerning the applicability of the optical theorem is solved. While the SVH(0) cannot interfere with the incoming vertical polarized beam, we show that SVV(0) fluctuates around a non-zero average so to compensate at any instant for the integrated scattered intensity at both polarizations. The results are relevant for the design and interpretation of experiments of dynamic depolarized light scattering in the forward direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Degiorgio
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
We present results of experiments of diffraction by an amplitude screen, made of randomly distributed circular holes. By careful selection of the experimental parameters we obtain an intensity pattern strongly connected to the Voronoi diagram (VD) generated by the centers of the apertures. With the help of simulations we give a description of the observed phenomenon and elucidate the optimal parameters for its observation. Finally, we also suggest how it can be used for a fast, all-optical generation of VDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Giavazzi
- CNR-INFM and Dipartmento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|