Critical role of c-Kit in beta cell function: increased insulin secretion and protection against diabetes in a mouse model.
Diabetologia 2012;
55:2214-25. [PMID:
22581040 DOI:
10.1007/s00125-012-2566-5]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS
The receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Kit, and its ligand, stem cell factor, control a variety of cellular processes, including pancreatic beta cell survival and differentiation as revealed in c-Kit ( Wv ) mice, which have a point mutation in the c-Kit allele leading to loss of kinase activity and develop diabetes. The present study further investigated the intrinsic role of c-Kit in beta cells, especially the underlying mechanisms that influence beta cell function.
METHODS
We generated a novel transgenic mouse model with c-KIT overexpression specifically in beta cells (c-KitβTg) to further examine the physiological and functional roles of c-Kit in beta cells. Isolated islets from these mice were used to investigate the underlying molecular pathway of c-Kit in beta cells. We also characterised the ability of c-Kit to protect animals from high-fat-diet-induced diabetes, as well as to rescue c-Kit ( Wv ) mice from early onset of diabetes.
RESULTS
c-KitβTg mice exhibited improved beta cell function, with significantly improved insulin secretion, and increased beta cell mass and proliferation in response to high-fat-diet-induced diabetes. c-KitβTg islets exhibited upregulation of: (1) insulin receptor and IRSs; (2) Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation; and (3) transcription factors important for islet function. c-KIT overexpression in beta cells also rescued diabetes observed in c-Kit ( Wv ) mice.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION
These findings demonstrate that c-Kit plays a direct protective role in beta cells, by regulating glucose metabolism and beta cell function. c-Kit may therefore represent a novel target for treating diabetes.
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