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Weisel K, Dimopoulos MA, Beksac M, Leleu X, Richter J, Heeg B, Patel S, Majer I, McFadden I, Mikhael J. Carfilzomib, daratumumab, and dexamethasone (KdD) vs. lenalidomide-sparing pomalidomide-containing triplet regimens for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: an indirect treatment comparison. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:481-492. [PMID: 38345269 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2300051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Nearly all patients with multiple myeloma eventually relapse or become refractory to treatment. Lenalidomide is increasingly administered in the frontline until disease progression or intolerance to therapy, resulting in the need for highly effective, lenalidomide-sparing options. In this study, carfilzomib plus daratumumab and dexamethasone were evaluated against lenalidomide-sparing, pomalidomide-containing triplets using matching-adjusted indirect comparison in the absence of head-to-head data. The analyses utilized long-term follow-up data from the CANDOR study (NCT03158688). Treatment with carfilzomib, daratumumab, and dexamethasone resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival (hazard ratio 0.60 [95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.88])vs. pomalidomide plus bortezomib and dexamethasone, and numerically longer progression-free survival (hazard ratio 0.77 [95% confidence interval: 0.50, 1.08]) vs. daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and previous lenalidomide exposure, the majority of whom were lenalidomide refractory. Carfilzomib plus daratumumab and dexamethasone offers a highly effective, lenalidomide-sparing treatment option for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Xavier Leleu
- CHU de Poitiers - La Miletrie, INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Joshua Richter
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bart Heeg
- Cytel Inc, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Joseph Mikhael
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), City of Hope Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Beksac M, Eikema DJ, Koster L, Hulin C, Poiré X, Hamladji RM, Gromek T, Bazarbachi A, Ozkurt ZN, Pabst T, Ben Othman T, Finke J, Pirogova O, Wu D, Hayat A, Hilgendorf I, Tholouli E, de Wreede LC, Schönland S, Garderet L, Drozd-Sokolowska J, Raj K, Hayden PJ, Yakoub-Agha I, McLornan DP. In the era of Bortezomib-based Induction, intensification of Melphalan-based conditioning with Bortezomib does not improve Survival Outcomes in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: a study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2024; 59:526-533. [PMID: 38297040 PMCID: PMC10994834 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-02160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Bortezomib (Vel)- Melphalan 200 mg/m2 (Mel200) (Vel-Mel) has been utilised to intensify conditioning in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) for multiple myeloma (MM). This EBMT registry-based study compared Vel-Mel with Mel200 during upfront AHCT. Between 2010 and 2017, MM patients who received Vel-Mel (n = 292) conditioning were compared with 4,096 Mel200 patients in the same 58 centres. Pre-AHCT, compared to Mel200 patients, Vel-Mel patients had similar International Staging System (ISS) scores and cytogenetic risk profiles; a similar proportion had received bortezomib-based induction (85% and 87.3%, respectively) though they were younger with a better performance status. Vel-Mel patients were more likely to achieve CR post-induction (40.6% vs 20.3%, p < 0.001) and by day 100 of AHCT (CR/VGPR: 70.2 % vs. 57.2%, p < 0.001). There was no difference in 3-year PFS (49% vs 46%, p = 0.06) or early post-AHCT mortality. In multivariable analysis, Vel-Mel associated with inferior PFS (HR: 1.69 (1.27-2.25, p < 0.001) and OS (HR:1.46 (1.14-1.86,p = 0.002), similar to negative effects on PFS of advanced ISS (HR:1.56 (1.33-1.83, p < 0.001), high-risk cytogenetics (HR:1.43(1.18-1.74, p < 0.001) and poor post-induction response(<=PR)(HR: 1.43(1.25-1.62, p < 0.001) Overall, despite superior pre- and post-AHCT responses, there was no improvement in PFS or OS following Vel-Mel. This data supports the findings of the smaller prospective IFM study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Beksac
- Istinye University Ankara Liv Hospital Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Ankara, 06880, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Poiré
- Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ali Bazarbachi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beiruit, Lebanon
| | | | | | | | | | - Olga Pirogova
- RM Gorbacheva Research Institute, Pavlov University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Depei Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Amjad Hayat
- The Blood and Tissue Establishment, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | - Liesbeth C de Wreede
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Medizinische Klinik u. Poliklinik V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Kavita Raj
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Donal P McLornan
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
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Akkus E, Tuncalı T, Akın HY, Aydın Y, Beşışık SK, Gürkan E, Ratip S, Salihoğlu A, Sargın D, Ünal A, Turcan A, Sevindik ÖG, Demir M, Beksac M. Germline genetic variants in Turkish familial multiple myeloma/monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance cases. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:931-938. [PMID: 38115798 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy primarily affecting the elderly, with a striking male predilection and ethnic disparities in incidence. Familial predisposition to MM has long been recognized, but the genetic underpinnings remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate germline variants in Turkish families with recurrent MM cases. A total of 37 MM-affected families, comprising 77 individuals, were included. Targeted next-generation sequencing analysis yielded no previously reported rare variants. Whole exome sequencing analysis in 11 families identified rare disease-causing variants in various genes, some previously linked to familial MM and others not previously associated. Notably, genes involved in ubiquitination, V(D)J recombination and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were among those identified. Furthermore, a specific variant in BNIP1 (rs28199) was found in 13 patients across nine families, indicating its potential significance in MM pathogenesis. While this study sheds light on genetic variations in familial MM in Turkey, its limitations include sample size and the absence of in vivo investigations. In conclusion, familial MM likely involves a polygenic inheritance pattern with rare, disease-causing variants in various genes, emphasizing the need for international collaborative efforts to unravel the intricate genetic basis of MM and develop targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Akkus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Timur Tuncalı
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yalım Akın
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yıldız Aydın
- Department of Hematology, Florence Nightingale Hospitals, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Kalayoğlu Beşışık
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Gürkan
- Department of Hematology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Siret Ratip
- Department of Hematology, Acibadem Healthcare Group, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Salihoğlu
- Department of Hematology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Sargın
- Department of Hematology, Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Ünal
- Department of Hematology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Ömür Gökmen Sevindik
- Department of Hematology, Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Demir
- Department of Hematology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Hematology, Ankara Liv Hospital, Istinye University, Ankara, Turkey
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Oriol A, Dimopoulos M, Schjesvold F, Beksac M, Facon T, Dhanasiri S, Guo S, Mu Y, Hong K, Gentili C, Galli M, Yagci M, Larocca A, Richardson P, Weisel K. Pomalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone in Lenalidomide-Pretreated Multiple Myeloma: A Subanalysis of OPTIMISMM by Frailty and Bortezomib Dose Adjustment. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2024; 24:165-176.e4. [PMID: 38072743 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A proportion of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are older and/or have comorbidities, requiring dose adjustments. Data from OPTIMISMM (NCT01734928) supported the use of pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (PVd) for treating relapsed/refractory MM. This subanalysis of OPTIMISMM assessed outcome by frailty and/or bortezomib dose adjustment. METHODS Patient frailty (nonfrail vs. frail) was classified using age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status. Data from patients requiring a bortezomib dose reduction, interruption, and/or withdrawal during PVd treatment were assessed. RESULTS Among 559 patients, 93 of 281 (33.1%) and 93 of 278 (33.5%) patients who received PVd and bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd), respectively, were frail. Overall response rate (ORR) and median progression-free survival (PFS) were higher in nonfrail vs. frail with PVd treatment (ORR, 82.8% vs. 79.6%; PFS, 14.7 vs. 9.7 months); significantly higher than with Vd regardless of frailty. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were higher with PVd vs. Vd, regardless of frailty. Discontinuations of PVd were lower in nonfrail vs. frail patients (19.2% vs. 30.1%); the median duration of treatment was similar (DoT; 8.8 vs. 8.9 months, respectively). Patients who received PVd with a bortezomib dose adjustment (n = 240) had a longer median DoT (9.3 vs. 4.5 months) and PFS (12.1 vs. 8.4 months) vs. those without. CONCLUSION Frail patients treated with PVd demonstrated a higher ORR and a longer PFS and DoT vs. Vd, despite a higher frequency of grade ≥ 3 TEAEs leading to pomalidomide, bortezomib, and/or dexamethasone discontinuation. Therefore, PVd treatment may improve patient outcomes, regardless of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Oriol
- Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital and KG Jebsen Center for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültes, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sujith Dhanasiri
- Celgene International Sàrl, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Boudry, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Munci Yagci
- Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Katja Weisel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Gencer EB, Akin HY, Toprak SK, Turasan E, Yousefzadeh M, Yurdakul-Mesutoglu P, Cagan M, Seval MM, Katlan DC, Dalva K, Beksac MS, Beksac M. In vivo and in vitro effects of cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion using valproic acid and/or nicotinamide. Curr Res Transl Med 2024; 72:103444. [PMID: 38447268 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2024.103444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High self-renewal capacity and most permissive nature of umbilical cord blood (CB) results with successful transplant outcomes but low hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) counts limits wider use. In order to overcome this problem ex vivo expansion with small molecules such as Valproic acid (VPA) or Nicotinamide (NAM) have been shown to be effective. To the best of our knowledge, the combinatory effects of VPA and NAM on HSPC expansion has not been studied earlier. The aim of this study was to analyze ex vivo and in vivo efficacy of VPA and NAM either alone or in combination in terms of expansion and engraftment. METHODS A total of 44 CB units were included in this study. To determine the ex vivo and in vivo efficacy, human CB CD34+ cells were expanded with VPA and/or NAM and colony forming unit (CFU) assay was performed on expanded HSPC. Xenotransplantation was performed simultaneously by intravenous injection of expanded HSPC to NOD-SCID gamma (NSG) mice (n = 22). Significance of the difference between the expansion groups or xenotransplantation models was analyzed using t-test, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests as appropriate considering the normality of distributions and the number of groups analyzed. RESULTS In vitro CD34+ HSPC expansion fold relative to cytokines-only was significantly higher with VPA compared to NAM [2.23 (1.07-5.59) vs 1.48 (1.00-4.40); p < 0.05]. Synergistic effect of VPA+NAM has achieved a maximum relative expansion fold at 21 days (D21) of incubation [2.95 (1.00-11.94)]. There was no significant difference between VPA and VPA+NAM D21 (p = 0.44). Fold number of colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) colonies relative to the cytokine-only group was in favor of NAM compared to VPA [1.87 (1.00-3.59) vs 1.00 (1.00-1.81); p < 0.01]. VPA+NAM D21 [1.62 (1.00-2.77)] was also superior against VPA (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between NAM and VPA+NAM D21. Following human CB34+ CB transplantation (CBT) in the mouse model, fastest in vivo leukocyte recovery was observed with VPA+NAM expanded cells (6 ± 2 days) and the highest levels of human CD45 chimerism was detectable with VPA-expanded CBT (VPA: 5.42 % at day 28; NAM: 2.45 % at day 31; VPA+NAM 1.8 % at day 31). CONCLUSION Our study results suggest using VPA alone, rather than in combination with NAM or NAM alone, to achieve better and faster expansion and engraftment of CB HSPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Yalim Akin
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey; Middle East Technical University, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selami Kocak Toprak
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eylul Turasan
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahsa Yousefzadeh
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Murat Cagan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Murat Seval
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Doruk Cevdi Katlan
- Istanbul Training and Research Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Klara Dalva
- Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey; Istinye University, Ankara Liv Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey; Istinye University, Ankara Liv Hospital, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit Ankara, Turkey.
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6
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Mai EK, Hielscher T, Bertsch U, Salwender HJ, Zweegman S, Raab MS, Munder M, Pantani L, Mancuso K, Brossart P, Beksac M, Blau IW, Dürig J, Besemer B, Fenk R, Reimer P, van der Holt B, Hänel M, von Metzler I, Graeven U, Müller-Tidow C, Boccadoro M, Scheid C, Dimopoulos MA, Hillengass J, Weisel KC, Cavo M, Sonneveld P, Goldschmidt H. Predictors of early morbidity and mortality in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: data from five randomized, controlled, phase III trials in 3700 patients. Leukemia 2024; 38:640-647. [PMID: 38062124 PMCID: PMC10912032 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Early morbidity and mortality affect patient outcomes in multiple myeloma. Thus, we dissected the incidence and causes of morbidity/mortality during induction therapy (IT) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), and developed/validated a predictive risk score. We evaluated 3700 transplant-eligible NDMM patients treated in 2005-2020 with novel agent-based triplet/quadruplet IT. Primary endpoints were severe infections, death, or a combination of both. Patients were divided in a training (n = 1333) and three validation cohorts (n = 2367). During IT, 11.8%, 1.8%, and 12.5% of patients in the training cohort experienced severe infections, death, or both, respectively. Four major, baseline risk factors for severe infection/death were identified: low platelet count (<150/nL), ISS III, higher WHO performance status (>1), and age (>60 years). A risk score (1 risk factor=1 point) stratified patients in low (39.5%; 0 points), intermediate (41.9%; 1 point), and high (18.6%; ≥2 points) risk. The risk for severe infection/death increased from 7.7% vs. 11.5% vs. 23.3% in the low- vs. intermediate- vs. high-risk groups (p < 0.001). The risk score was independently validated in three trials incorporating quadruplet IT with an anti-CD38 antibody. Our analyses established a robust and easy-to-use score to identify NDMM patients at risk of severe infection/death, covering the latest quadruplet induction therapies. Trial registrations: HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4: EudraCT No. 2004-000944-26. GMMG-MM5: EudraCT No. 2010-019173-16. GMMG-HD6: NCT02495922. EMN02/HOVON-95: NCT01208766. GMMG-HD7: NCT03617731.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias K Mai
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Bertsch
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans J Salwender
- Tumorzentrum Asklepios Hamburg, AK Altona and AK St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc S Raab
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Munder
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucia Pantani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Mancuso
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Peter Brossart
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Igor W Blau
- Medical Clinic, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Dürig
- Department of Hematology, University Clinic Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Britta Besemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Roland Fenk
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Reimer
- Klinik für Hämatologie, Evangelische Kliniken Essen Mitte, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Essen-Werden, Essen, Germany
| | - Bronno van der Holt
- HOVON Data Center, Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathias Hänel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Ivana von Metzler
- Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ullrich Graeven
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Hospital Maria Hilf GmbH, Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Christof Scheid
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Katja C Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Richardson PG, Perrot A, Miguel JS, Beksac M, Spicka I, Leleu X, Schjesvold F, Moreau P, Dimopoulos MA, Huang SY, Minarik J, Cavo M, Prince HM, Macé S, Zhang R, Dubin F, Morisse MC, Anderson KC. Isatuximab-pomalidomide-dexamethasone versus pomalidomide-dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: final overall survival analysis. Haematologica 2024. [PMID: 38299578 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary and pre-specified updated analyses of ICARIA-MM (NCT02990338) demonstrated improved progression-free survival and a benefit in overall survival (OS) was reported with the addition of isatuximab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, to pomalidomide-dexamethasone (Pd) in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Here, we report the final OS analysis. This multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 3 study included patients who had received and failed ≥2 previous therapies, including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. Between January 10, 2017, and February 2, 2018, 307 patients were randomized (1:1) to isatuximab-pomalidomide- dexamethasone (Isa-Pd; n = 154) or Pd (n = 153), stratified based on age (3). At data cutoff for the final OS analysis after 220 OS events (January 27, 2022), median follow-up duration was 52.4 months. Median OS (95% confidence interval) was 24.6 months (20.3-31.3 months) with Isa-Pd and 17.7 months (14.4-26.2 months) with Pd (hazard ratio = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.59-1.02; 1-sided P = 0.0319). Despite subsequent daratumumab use in the Pd group and its potential benefit on PFS in the first subsequent therapy line, median PFS2 was significantly longer with Isa-Pd vs. Pd (17.5 vs. 12.9 months; log-rank 1-sided P = 0.0091). In this analysis, Isa-Pd continued to be efficacious and well tolerated after follow-up of approximately 52 months, contributing to a clinically meaningful, 6.9-month improvement in median overall survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Richardson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Aurore Perrot
- CHU de Toulouse, IUCT-O, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse
| | - Jesus San Miguel
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, CCUN, CIMA, IDISNA, CIBER-ONC, Pamplona
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ivan Spicka
- General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Xavier Leleu
- Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU and CIC Inserm 1402, Poitiers Cedex
| | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Shang-Yi Huang
- Department of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiri Minarik
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Seràgnoli Institute of Hematology, and the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - H Miles Prince
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Epworth Healthcare, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Sonneveld P, Dimopoulos MA, Boccadoro M, Quach H, Ho PJ, Beksac M, Hulin C, Antonioli E, Leleu X, Mangiacavalli S, Perrot A, Cavo M, Belotti A, Broijl A, Gay F, Mina R, Nijhof IS, van de Donk NWCJ, Katodritou E, Schjesvold F, Sureda Balari A, Rosiñol L, Delforge M, Roeloffzen W, Silzle T, Vangsted A, Einsele H, Spencer A, Hajek R, Jurczyszyn A, Lonergan S, Ahmadi T, Liu Y, Wang J, Vieyra D, van Brummelen EMJ, Vanquickelberghe V, Sitthi-Amorn A, de Boer CJ, Carson R, Rodriguez-Otero P, Bladé J, Moreau P. Daratumumab, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:301-313. [PMID: 38084760 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2312054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daratumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, has been approved for use with standard myeloma regimens. An evaluation of subcutaneous daratumumab combined with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd) for the treatment of transplantation-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma is needed. METHODS In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 709 transplantation-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma to receive either subcutaneous daratumumab combined with VRd induction and consolidation therapy and with lenalidomide maintenance therapy (D-VRd group) or VRd induction and consolidation therapy and lenalidomide maintenance therapy alone (VRd group). The primary end point was progression-free survival. Key secondary end points were a complete response or better and minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative status. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 47.5 months, the risk of disease progression or death in the D-VRd group was lower than the risk in the VRd group. The estimated percentage of patients with progression-free survival at 48 months was 84.3% in the D-VRd group and 67.7% in the VRd group (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.59; P<0.001); the P value crossed the prespecified stopping boundary (P = 0.0126). The percentage of patients with a complete response or better was higher in the D-VRd group than in the VRd group (87.9% vs. 70.1%, P<0.001), as was the percentage of patients with MRD-negative status (75.2% vs. 47.5%, P<0.001). Death occurred in 34 patients in the D-VRd group and 44 patients in the VRd group. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in most patients in both groups; the most common were neutropenia (62.1% with D-VRd and 51.0% with VRd) and thrombocytopenia (29.1% and 17.3%, respectively). Serious adverse events occurred in 57.0% of the patients in the D-VRd group and 49.3% of those in the VRd group. CONCLUSIONS The addition of subcutaneous daratumumab to VRd induction and consolidation therapy and to lenalidomide maintenance therapy conferred a significant benefit with respect to progression-free survival among transplantation-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. (Funded by the European Myeloma Network in collaboration with Janssen Research and Development; PERSEUS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03710603; EudraCT number, 2018-002992-16.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Sonneveld
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Hang Quach
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - P Joy Ho
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Meral Beksac
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Antonioli
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Xavier Leleu
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Silvia Mangiacavalli
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Aurore Perrot
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Michele Cavo
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Angelo Belotti
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Annemiek Broijl
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Francesca Gay
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Roberto Mina
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Inger S Nijhof
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Anna Sureda Balari
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Laura Rosiñol
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Michel Delforge
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Wilfried Roeloffzen
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Tobias Silzle
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Annette Vangsted
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Hermann Einsele
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Andrew Spencer
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Roman Hajek
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Sarah Lonergan
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Tahamtan Ahmadi
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Yanfang Liu
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Jianping Wang
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Diego Vieyra
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Emilie M J van Brummelen
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Veronique Vanquickelberghe
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Anna Sitthi-Amorn
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Carla J de Boer
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Robin Carson
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Paula Rodriguez-Otero
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Joan Bladé
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
| | - Philippe Moreau
- From Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam (P.S., A. Broijl, S.L.), the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (I.S.N., N.W.C.J.D.), the Department of Hematology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein (I.S.N.), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (E.M.J.B., C.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (M.A.D.), and the Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki (E.K.) - both in Greece; the Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Turin and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (M. Boccadoro), the Division of Hematology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (F.G., R.M.), and the Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin (F.G., R.M.), Turin, the Department of Hematology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Florence (E.A.), the Division of Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (S.M.), IRCCS AOU di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna (M.C.), and the Department of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia (A. Belotti) - all in Italy; the University of Melbourne and St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC (H.Q.), the Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW (P.J.H.), and the Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC (A.S.) - all in Australia; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M. Beksac); the Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), the University of Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and INSERM 1313, Poitiers (X.L.), CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse (A.P.), and the Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.) - all in France; Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for B-cell Malignancies, University of Oslo - both in Oslo (F.S.); the Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (A.S.B.), University of Barcelona (A.S.B.), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (L.R., J.B.), and Grupo Español de Mieloma-Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología (J.B.), Barcelona, and the Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (P.R.-O.) - all in Spain; the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse (V.V.) - both in Belgium; the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (T.S.); the Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen (A.V.); the Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (H.E.); the Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava - both in Ostrava, Czech Republic (R.H.); the Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (A.J.); Genmab US, Plainsboro, NJ (T.A.); Janssen Research and Development, Beijing (Y.L.); and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (J.W., D.V., A.S.-A., R.C.)
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9
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Merter M, Sahin U, İlhan O, Beksac M. Stem cell mobilizating effect of heparin in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. J Clin Apher 2023; 38:685-693. [PMID: 37503703 DOI: 10.1002/jca.22079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate stem cell collection is essential for successful stem cell transplantation. Heparin enhances stem cell mobilization by competing with heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Heparin is also used as an anticoagulant before leukapheresis. Here, we evaluated the effects of heparin on stem cell mobilization in patients who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). METHODS We evaluated patients who underwent ASCT. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received heparin plus citrate (heparinized patients) and those who received citrate only (nonheparinized patients) for anticoagulation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were also performed. The collection efficiency 2 (CE2) for CD34+ cells was calculated and compared between heparinized and nonheparinized patients. RESULTS This study included 1017 patients. There were 478 (47%) heparinized and 539 (53%) nonheparinized patients. The number of collected CD34+ cells was significantly higher in heparinized patients (P < .00001). The multivariate analyses showed that using heparin was an independent positive factor for collected CD34+ cells (adj-R2 = 0.744; F = 369.331, P < .00001). CE2 was significantly higher in heparinized patients than in nonheparinized patients (66.8% vs 52.1%; P < .00001). The rate of collecting at least 2 × 106 /kg CD34+ cells was 3.3 times higher for heparinized patients in poor mobilizers (P < .00001). Heparinized patients had significantly higher total nucleated and mononuclear cell counts (P < .00001 and <.00001, respectively). CONCLUSION Heparin enhances stem cell collection and increases CE2. The use of heparin may reduce the need for other strategies to increase stem cell mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Merter
- Hematology Department, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Ugur Sahin
- Hematology Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman İlhan
- Hematology Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Hematology Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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10
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Tilmont R, Yakoub-Agha I, Eikema DJ, Zinger N, Haenel M, Schaap N, Arroyo CH, Schuermans C, Besemer B, Engelhardt M, Kuball J, Michieli M, Schub N, Wilson KMO, Bourhis JH, Mateos MV, Rabin N, Jost E, Kröger N, Moraleda JM, Za T, Hayden PJ, Beksac M, Mclornan D, Schönland S, Manier S. Carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone followed by a second ASCT is an effective strategy in first relapse multiple myeloma: a study on behalf of the Chronic malignancies working party of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:1182-1188. [PMID: 37543712 PMCID: PMC10622318 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-02048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
In the setting of a first relapse of multiple myeloma (MM), a second autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) following carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (KRd) is an option, although there is scarce data concerning this approach. We performed a retrospective study involving 22 EBMT-affiliated centers. Eligible MM patients had received a second-line treatment with KRd induction followed by a second ASCT between 2016 and 2018. Primary objective was to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives were to assess the response rate and identify significant variables affecting PFS and OS. Fifty-one patients were identified, with a median age of 62 years. Median PFS after ASCT was 29.5 months while 24- and 36-months OS rates were 92.1% and 84.5%, respectively. Variables affecting PFS were an interval over four years between transplants and the achievement of a very good partial response (VGPR) or better before the relapse ASCT. Our study suggests that a relapse treatment with ASCT after KRd induction is an effective strategy for patients with a lenalidomide-sensitive first relapse. Patients with at least four years of remission after a frontline ASCT and who achieved at least a VGPR after KRd induction appear to benefit the most from this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Tilmont
- Hematologie Clinique, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha
- Hematologie Clinique, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
- CHU de Lille, Univ Lille, INSERM U1286, Infinite, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | - Nicolaas Schaap
- Radboud University, Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Natalie Schub
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Neil Rabin
- University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Edgar Jost
- University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Tommaso Za
- Section of Hematology, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Donal Mclornan
- University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Medizinische Klinik u. Poliklinik V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Salomon Manier
- Hematologie Clinique, CHU de Lille, Lille, France.
- Univ Lille, Canther, INSERM UMR-S1277 CNRS UMR9020, Lille, France.
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11
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Dimopoulos MA, Terpos E, Boccadoro M, Delimpasi S, Beksac M, Katodritou E, Moreau P, Baldini L, Symeonidis A, Bila J, Oriol A, Mateos MV, Einsele H, Orfanidis I, Kampfenkel T, Liu W, Wang J, Kosh M, Tran N, Carson R, Sonneveld P. Subcutaneous daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone versus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (APOLLO): extended follow up of an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol 2023; 10:e813-e824. [PMID: 37793772 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(23)00218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary analysis of the APOLLO trial, done after a median follow-up of 16·9 months, showed that daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone significantly improved progression-free survival versus pomalidomide and dexamethasone. Here, we report the final overall survival and updated safety results from APOLLO. METHODS APOLLO was an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial conducted at 48 academic centres and hospitals across 12 countries in Europe, that included adults aged 18 years or older with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who had an ECOG performance status score of 0-2, had received at least one previous line of therapy, including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor, had a partial response or better to one or more previous lines of antimyeloma therapy, and were refractory to lenalidomide if they had received only one previous line of therapy. An interactive web-response system was used to randomly assign patients (1:1) to receive daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone or pomalidomide and dexamethasone; patients were stratified by the number of previous lines of therapy and International Staging System disease stage. Oral pomalidomide (4 mg once daily; days 1-21) and dexamethasone (40 mg once daily; days 1, 8, 15, and 22) were given in 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Daratumumab (1800 mg subcutaneously or 16 mg/kg intravenously) was administered weekly (cycles 1-2), every 2 weeks (cycles 3-6), and every 4 weeks thereafter. The primary endpoint of progression-free survival, which has previously been reported, and the pre-planned secondary endpoint of overall survival were assessed in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03180736) and is no longer enrolling patients. FINDINGS Between June 22, 2017, and June 13, 2019, 304 patients were randomly assigned: 151 to the daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone group and 153 to the pomalidomide and dexamethasone group. The median age was 67 years (IQR 60-72); 143 (47%) patients were female and 161 (53%) were male, and 272 (89%) were White. At a median follow-up of 39·6 months (IQR 37·1-43·7), median overall survival was 34·4 months (95% CI 23·7-40·3) in the daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone group versus 23·7 months (19·6-29·4) in the pomalidomide and dexamethasone group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·82 [95% CI 0·61-1·11]; p=0·20). The most common grade 3-4 treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (103 [69%] of 149 with daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone vs 76 [51%] of 150 with pomalidomide and dexamethasone), anaemia (27 [18%] vs 32 [21%]), and thrombocytopenia (27 [18%] vs 28 [19%]). Serious treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 80 (54%) of 149 patients in the daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone group and in 60 (40%) of 150 patients in the pomalidomide and dexamethasone group, the most common of which was pneumonia (23 [15%] of 149 vs 13 [9%] of 150). Treatment-emergent adverse events resulting in death occurred in 13 (9%) of 149 patients in the daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone group and in 13 (9%) of 150 patients in the pomalidomide and dexamethasone group, with 4 (3%) of 151 adverse events leading to death within 30 days of the last treatment dose thought to be related to study treatment in the daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone group (septic shock [n=1]; sepsis [n=1]; bone marrow failure, campylobacter infection, and liver disorder [n=1]; and pneumonia [n=1]) and none in the pomalidomide and dexamethasone group. INTERPRETATION Although the difference in overall survival observed between treatment groups was not significant, the safety profile results with long-term follow-up reported here continue to support the use of daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. FUNDING European Myeloma Network and Janssen Research & Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sosana Delimpasi
- Hematology Clinic and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Evangelismos Hospital, Athina, Greece
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Emniyet, Yenimahalle/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- Department of Hematology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Luca Baldini
- UO Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, OM Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Argiris Symeonidis
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Jelena Bila
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Albert Oriol
- Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Weiping Liu
- Janssen Research & Development, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Michele Kosh
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - Robin Carson
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
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Beksac M, Iacobelli S, Koster L, Cornelissen J, Griskevicius L, Rabin NK, Stoppa AM, Meijer E, Mear JB, Zeerleder S, Mayer J, Fenk R, Fegueux N, Chevallier P, Konirova E, Snowden JA, Engelhardt M, Orchard K, Hulin C, Schaap N, Sossa C, Elmaagacli A, McLornan DP, Hayden PJ, Schönland S, Yakoub-Agha I. Correction: An early post-transplant relapse prediction score in multiple myeloma: a large cohort study from the chronic malignancies working party of EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:1065. [PMID: 37316543 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-02014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linda Koster
- European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Leiden Study Unit, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Cornelissen
- Erasmus University Medical Center-Daniel Den Hoed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Neil K Rabin
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Ellen Meijer
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jiri Mayer
- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roland Fenk
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kim Orchard
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Nicolaas Schaap
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Sossa
- Clinica FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga-UNAB, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | | | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Akcora-Yildiz D, Gonulkirmaz N, Ozkan T, Beksac M, Sunguroglu A. HIV-1 integrase inhibitor raltegravir promotes DNA damage-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:262-270. [PMID: 37094820 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Raltegravir, the first integrase inhibitor approved for the treatment of HIV infection, has been implicated as a promising potential in cancer treatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the repurposing of raltegravir as an anticancer agent and its mechanism of action in multiple myeloma (MM). Human MM cell lines (RPMI-8226, NCI H929, and U266) and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with different concentrations of raltegravir for 48 and 72 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were then measured by MTT and Annexin V/PI assays, respectively. Protein levels of cleaved PARP, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, and phosphorylation of histone H2AX were detected by Western blotting. In addition, the mRNA levels of V(D)J recombination and DNA repair genes were analyzed using qPCR. Raltegravir treatment for 72 h significantly decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and DNA damage in MM cells while having minimum toxicity on cell viability of normal PBMCs approximately from 200 nM (0.2 μM; p < .01 for U66 and p < .0001 for NCI H929 and RPMI 8226 cells). Furthermore, raltegravir treatment altered the mRNA levels of V(D)J recombination and DNA repair genes. We report for the first time that treatment with raltegravir is associated with decreased cell viability, apoptosis induction, DNA damage accumulation, and alteration of mRNA expression of genes involved in V(D)J recombination and DNA repair in MM cell lines, all of which show its potential for anti-myeloma effects. Hence, raltegravir may significantly impact the treatment of MM, and further studies are required to confirm its efficacy and mechanism of action in more detail in patient-derived myeloma cells and in-vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Akcora-Yildiz
- Department of Biology, Art & Science Faculty, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Nurbanu Gonulkirmaz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tulin Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Sunguroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Beksac M, Iacobelli S, Koster L, Cornelissen J, Griskevicius L, Rabin NK, Stoppa AM, Meijer E, Mear JB, Zeerleder S, Mayer J, Fenk R, Fegueux N, Chevallier P, Konirova E, Snowden JA, Engelhardt M, Orchard K, Hulin C, Schaap N, Sossa C, Elmaagacli A, McLornan DP, Hayden PJ, Schönland S, Yakoub-Agha I. An early post-transplant relapse prediction score in multiple myeloma: a large cohort study from the chronic malignancies working party of EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:916-923. [PMID: 37160942 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-01999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Early relapse (ER) following Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (AHCT) confers a poor prognosis. We therefore developed a novel scoring system to predict ER. A total of 14,367 AHCT-1 patients were transplanted between 2014 and 2019, and were conditioned with Melphalan 200 mg/m2 (Mel200) (n = 7228; 2014-2017) (training cohort); Mel200 (n = 5616; 2018-2019) or Mel140 (n = 1523; 2018-2019) (validation cohorts). PFS-12 and the Cumulative Incidence of Relapse at 12 months were 84.1% and 14.7% (training Mel200), 87.2% and 11.6% (validation Mel200), and 80.3% and 16.9% (validation Mel140), respectively. The points in the risk score were: 0, 1,2 for ISS stages I, II, and III; Disease status: 0 (CR/VGPR); 1 (PR); 2 (SD/MR); 4 (Relapse/Progression); and 1 for Karnofsky ≤ 70. The distribution of scores: 0 (24%), 1 (33.9%), 2 (29.6 %), 3 (9.5%), and ≥4 (2.7%). The score separated PFS-12, with the lowest risk group (n = 1752) having a PFS-12 of 91.7% and the highest risk group (n = 195) 57.1%. This also applied in cytogenetically high-risk patients. If the pre-score baseline risks are 15% (standard risk) and 25% (high-risk), a score of ≥4 confers calculated risks of 38% and 54%, respectively. This novel EBMT ER score, therefore, allows for the identification of five discrete prognostic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linda Koster
- European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Leiden Study Unit, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Cornelissen
- Erasmus University Medical Center-Daniel Den Hoed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Neil K Rabin
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Ellen Meijer
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jiri Mayer
- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roland Fenk
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kim Orchard
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Nicolaas Schaap
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Sossa
- Clinica FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | | | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Dimopoulos MA, Merlini G, Bridoux F, Leung N, Mikhael J, Harrison SJ, Kastritis E, Garderet L, Gozzetti A, van de Donk NWCJ, Weisel KC, Badros AZ, Beksac M, Hillengass J, Mohty M, Ho PJ, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Mateos MV, Richardson P, Blade J, Moreau P, San-Miguel J, Munshi N, Rajkumar SV, Durie BGM, Ludwig H, Terpos E. Management of multiple myeloma-related renal impairment: recommendations from the International Myeloma Working Group. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:e293-e311. [PMID: 37414019 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) updates its clinical practice recommendations for the management of multiple myeloma-related renal impairment on the basis of data published until Dec 31, 2022. All patients with multiple myeloma and renal impairment should have serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and free light chains (FLCs) measurements together with 24-h urine total protein, electrophoresis, and immunofixation. If non-selective proteinuria (mainly albuminuria) or involved serum FLCs value less than 500 mg/L is detected, then a renal biopsy is needed. The IMWG criteria for the definition of renal response should be used. Supportive care and high-dose dexamethasone are required for all patients with myeloma-induced renal impairment. Mechanical approaches do not increase overall survival. Bortezomib-based regimens are the cornerstone of the management of patients with multiple myeloma and renal impairment at diagnosis. New quadruplet and triplet combinations, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, improve renal and survival outcomes in both newly diagnosed patients and those with relapsed or refractory disease. Conjugated antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, and T-cell engagers are well tolerated and effective in patients with moderate renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Frank Bridoux
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nelson Leung
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph Mikhael
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Simon J Harrison
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Alessandro Gozzetti
- Department of Hematology, University of Siena, Policlinico S Maria alle Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katja C Weisel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ashraf Z Badros
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mohamad Mohty
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne University and INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - P Joy Ho
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Paul Richardson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan Blade
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jesus San-Miguel
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra, CCUN, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nikhil Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brian G M Durie
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heinz Ludwig
- Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, First Department of Medicine, Clinic Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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16
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Ludwig H, Terpos E, van de Donk N, Mateos MV, Moreau P, Dimopoulos MA, Delforge M, Rodriguez-Otero P, San-Miguel J, Yong K, Gay F, Einsele H, Mina R, Caers J, Driessen C, Musto P, Zweegman S, Engelhardt M, Cook G, Weisel K, Broijl A, Beksac M, Bila J, Schjesvold F, Cavo M, Hajek R, Touzeau C, Boccadoro M, Sonneveld P. Prevention and management of adverse events during treatment with bispecific antibodies and CAR T cells in multiple myeloma: a consensus report of the European Myeloma Network. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:e255-e269. [PMID: 37269857 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells) have revolutionised multiple myeloma therapy, but adverse events such as cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), cytopenias, hypogammaglobulinaemia, and infections are common. This Policy Review presents a consensus from the European Myeloma Network on the prevention and management of these adverse events. Recommended measures include premedication, frequent assessing for symptoms and severity of cytokine release syndrome, step-up dosing for several BsAbs and some CAR T-cell therapies; corticosteroids; and tocilizumab in the case of cytokine release syndrome. Other anti-IL-6 drugs, high-dose corticosteroids, and anakinra might be considered in refractory cases. ICANS often arises concomitantly with cytokine release syndrome. Glucocorticosteroids in increasing doses are recommended if needed, as well as anakinra if the response is inadequate, and anticonvulsants if convulsions occur. Preventive measures against infections include antiviral and antibacterial drugs and administration of immunoglobulins. Treatment of infections and other complications is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Ludwig
- Department of Medicine, Clinic Ottakring, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Niels van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro de Investigación del Cancer, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Michel Delforge
- Division of Hematology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paula Rodriguez-Otero
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de investigación biomédica en red de Oncologia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús San-Miguel
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de investigación biomédica en red de Oncologia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kwee Yong
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roberto Mina
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Jo Caers
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Aldo Moro University School of Medicine, Bari, Italy; Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Clinical Cancer Research Group, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gordon Cook
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trial Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Katja Weisel
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annemiek Broijl
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute & Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Jelena Bila
- Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, SeràgnoliIstituto di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roman Hajek
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava & Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Cyrille Touzeau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute & Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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17
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Gagelmann N, Eikema DJ, Koster L, Netelenbos T, McDonald A, Stoppa AM, Fenk R, Anagnostopoulos A, van Gorkom G, Deconinck E, Bulabois CE, Delforge M, Bunjes D, Arcese W, Reményi P, Itälä-Remes M, Thurner L, Bolaman AZ, Nabil Y, Lund J, Labussière-Wallet H, Hayden PJ, Beksac M, Schönland S, Yakoub-Agha I. Impact of newly diagnosed extramedullary myeloma on outcome after first autograft followed by maintenance: A CMWP-EBMT study. Eur J Haematol 2023. [PMID: 37082839 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No adequate data exist on the impact of multiple myeloma (MM) with extramedullary disease (EMD) after autograft and maintenance therapy. METHODS We identified 808 patients with newly diagnosed MM who received first autograft, of whom 107 had EMD (83 paraskeletal and 24 organ involvement), and who had been reported to the EBMT registry December 2018. Distribution according to type of involvement was similar between the treatment groups (p = .69). For EMD, 46 (40%) received thalidomide, 59 (51%) lenalidomide, and 11 (10%) bortezomib. RESULTS The median follow-up from maintenance start was 44 months. Three-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 52% (48%-57%) for no EMD, 56% (44%-69%) for paraskeletal involvement, and 45% (22%-68%) for organ involvement (p = .146). Early PFS (within first year) appeared to be significantly worse for organ involvement (hazard ratio, 3.40), while no significant influence was found after first year from maintenance start. Three-year overall survival (OS) was 81% (77%-84%), 88% (80%-96%), and 68% (47%-89%; p = .064), respectively. With thalidomide as reference, lenalidomide was significantly associated with better PFS and OS, whereas bortezomib appeared to improve outcome specifically in EMD. CONCLUSION Lenalidomide maintenance is standard of care for MM without EMD, whereas extramedullary organ involvement remains a significant risk factor for worse outcome, especially for early events after maintenance start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Gagelmann
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk-Jan Eikema
- Department of Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrew McDonald
- Alberts Cellular Therapy, Pretoria East Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Roland Fenk
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Gwendolyn van Gorkom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Clinical Hematology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Claude-Eric Bulabois
- Service d'Hematologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes-Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Donald Bunjes
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - William Arcese
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Péter Reményi
- St. István and St. László Hospital of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maija Itälä-Remes
- Turku University Hospital, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Turku, Finland
| | - Lorenz Thurner
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ali Zahit Bolaman
- Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Yafour Nabil
- Établissement hospitalier et universitaire, Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire, Université d'Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, faculté de médecine, Oran, Algeria
| | - Johan Lund
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska Institute & University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Stefan Schönland
- Medical Department V, Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha
- INSERM U1286, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille LIRIC, Lille, France
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18
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Cengiz Seval G, Civriz Bozdag S, Toprak SK, Kurt Yuksel M, Topcuoglu P, Arslan O, Demirer T, Gurman G, Beksac M, Ilhan O, Ozcan M. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Myelofibrosis: A 20-year Experience in a Single Center. Balkan Med J 2023; 40:197-204. [PMID: 36959692 PMCID: PMC10175888 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2023.2022-2-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a well-established approach for patients diagnosed with primary myelofibrosis and remains the only potentially curative treatment. Aims To present the overall outcome of patients with myelofibrosis treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Study Design A retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of 26 consecutive patients with primary myelofibrosis who underwent transplantation at our center between January 2002 and January 2022. Disease and transplant variables contributing to outcomes were analyzed. Results The median age at the time of transplantation was 52.5 (range, 32-63) years and the median time from diagnosis to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 25 (range, 3.1-156.8) months. Myeloablative conditioning and reduced-intensity conditioning regimens were used in 8 (30.8%) and 18 (69.2%) transplantations, respectively. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment was achieved in 23 patients at a median follow-up of 21.2 months (range, 12 days to 234.8 months). Primary graft failure occurred in 1 of 23 patients (4.3%). Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred at a median of 16 (range, 12-39) days and 20 (range, 11-78) days, respectively. Acute graft-versus-host disease was seen in 11 of 22 patients engrafted allografts, of which 7 (31.8%) were grade 3-4 acute graft-versus-host disease. Eight patients (36.4%) developed chronic graft-versus-host disease, and three cases were extensive. Four patients (19%) relapsed after a median of 5.5 months, and three patients received donor lymphocyte infusion. The 3-year overall survival rate of the entire study population was 46.2%. The median overall survival was not reached in the myeloablative conditioning group; however, it was 11.9 months in the reduced-intensity conditioning group (p =0.3). According to the donor graft source, the median overall survival was 0.73 months in mismatched unrelated graft recipients, 12 months in matched sibling donors, and not reached in matched unrelated graft recipients (p = 0.03). The 3-year progression-free survival rate of patients who survived > 100 days was 74.7%. The effect of JAK-2 status, graft source, conditioning regimen or dynamic international prognostic scoring system on progression-free survival was not statistically significant. Conclusion Given the poor prognosis of non-transplant recipients and the lack of non-transplant curative approaches, our results support the consideration of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for eligible patients with primary myelofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sinem Civriz Bozdag
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selami Kocak Toprak
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Kurt Yuksel
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pervin Topcuoglu
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onder Arslan
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Demirer
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunhan Gurman
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Ilhan
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhit Ozcan
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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Sonneveld P, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Beksac M, Spicka I, Hungria V, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Levin MD, Ahmadi T, Qin X, Garvin Mayo W, Gai X, Carey J, Carson R, Spencer A. Overall Survival With Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone in Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma (CASTOR): A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trial. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:1600-1609. [PMID: 36413710 PMCID: PMC10022857 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE At the primary analysis of CASTOR (median follow-up, 7.4 months), daratumumab plus bortezomib and dexamethasone (D-Vd) significantly prolonged progression-free survival versus bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd) alone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). We report updated efficacy and safety results at the final analysis for overall survival (OS). METHODS CASTOR was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III study during which eligible patients with ≥ 1 line of prior therapy were randomly assigned to Vd (up to eight cycles) with or without daratumumab (until disease progression). After positive primary analysis and protocol amendment, patients receiving Vd were offered daratumumab monotherapy after disease progression. RESULTS At a median (range) follow-up of 72.6 months (0.0-79.8), significant OS benefit was observed with D-Vd (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.92; P = .0075). Median OS was 49.6 months with D-Vd versus 38.5 months with Vd. Prespecified subgroup analyses demonstrated an OS advantage with D-Vd versus Vd for most subgroups, including patients age ≥ 65 years and patients with one or two prior lines of therapy, International Staging System stage III disease, high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, and prior bortezomib treatment. The most common (≥ 10%) grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events with D-Vd versus Vd were thrombocytopenia (46.1% v 32.9%), anemia (16.0% v 16.0%), neutropenia (13.6% v 4.6%), lymphopenia (10.3% v 2.5%), and pneumonia (10.7% v 10.1%). CONCLUSION D-Vd significantly prolonged OS in patients with RRMM, with the greatest OS benefit observed in patients with one prior line of therapy. To our knowledge, our results, together with the OS benefit observed with daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in the phase III POLLUX study, demonstrate for the first time an OS benefit with daratumumab-containing regimens in RRMM (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02136134 [CASTOR]).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tamas Masszi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ivan Spicka
- 1st Department of Medicine - Department of Hematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Markus Munder
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Tomer M Mark
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | - Xiang Qin
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA
| | | | - Xue Gai
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Beijing, China
| | - Jodi Carey
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA
| | - Robin Carson
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Beksac M, Seval GC, Koyun D, Topcuoglu P, Yuksel MK, Gurman G, Ilhan O. Generic Lenalidomide Rivelime Versus Brand-name Revlimid® in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Retrospective Single-center Experience on Efficacy, Safety and Survival Outcome. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2023; 23:e164-e170. [PMID: 36610852 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare use of original brand-name lenalidomide (Revlimid®) vs. generic equivalent (Rivelime®) in terms of efficacy, safety and survival outcome in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 184 patients RRMM (median age: 62 years, 60.9% were males) who received singlet, doublet or triplet lenalidomide-containing regimens including either Revlimid® (n=74) or Rivelime® (n=110) were included in this study. Treatment response was based on evaluation of objective response to treatment (ORR) including the sum of patients who achieved partial response (PR), very good partial responses (VGPR) or complete response (CR) to therapy. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety data were also recorded. RESULTS Revlimid® and Rivelime® groups were similar in terms of ORR (54.1 vs. 60.0%), CR (22.5 vs. 28.8%), VGPR (55.0 vs. 50.0%) and PR (22.5 vs. 21.2%) rates. Median (SE) PFS time were similar between Rivelime® vs. Revlimid® treated patients who were in the 2nd line (30.3(3.8) vs. 22.7(7.0) months, p=0.827) or 3rd line of therapy (38.1(12.1) vs. 20.1(0.9) months, p=0.147) at lenalidomide initiation. Two groups also had similar OS rate (83.8 vs. 73.6%) and OS time (mean 122.3 vs. 123.5 months). Side effects were manageable in both groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion, replacing Revlimid® with its generic version Rivelime® in singlet, doublet or triplet lenalidomide containing RRMM regimens seems not to compromise the efficacy of treatment, and to yield a similarly improved response rates and survival outcome and no additional toxic effects, enabling a long-term therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | - Derya Koyun
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pervin Topcuoglu
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem-Kurt Yuksel
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunhan Gurman
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Ilhan
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Beksac M, Akin HY, Cengiz Seval G, Yurdakul Mesutoglu P, Anliacik RG, Anliacik E, Gurman G, Karaagaoglu E, Dalva K. A Novel Hypothesis: Certain KIR/Cognate Ligand Containing Genotypes Differ in Frequency Among Patients With Myeloma and Have an Effect on Age of Disease Onset. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2023; 23:394-400.e1. [PMID: 36918304 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells are known to have cytotoxic effects mediated through killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their cognate ligands. Role of KIRs in myeloma is yet unresolved. PATIENTS AND METHODS KIR genotypes and ligands of 204 newly diagnosed MM patients are compared with 424 healthy subjects. Statistical analysis included t-test, chi-square and binary logistic regression. RESULTS KIR ligands were significantly more (C2C2: 27.5% vs 15.1%; OR 2.128; 95% CI, 1.417-3.196; P < .001) or less (C1C2: 40.2% vs 51.9%; OR 0.623; 95% CI, 0.444-0.874; P = .006) frequent among MM. Co-occurrence of genotype AA with C2C2 was also higher in frequency among MM (OR 2.509; 95% CI, 1.171-5.378; P = .015) likewise cAB1 with C1C2 was less frequent (OR 0.553; 95% CI, 0.333-0.919; P = .021). Genotypes AA with C1C1, cAB1 with C1C2 or C1C2 alone were associated with a delay (median age: 61 [48-73]; P = .044; 62 [31-81]; P = .030 or 59 [31-85]; P = .028), but AA with C2C2 with an earlier age of onset (48 [29-77]; P = .042). In multivariate analysis including R-ISS, light chain, KIR genotype/ligands; ligand C1C2 (P = .02) and genotype AA-C1C1 (P = .037) were independently associated with age of onset ≥60. CONCLUSION C1C2 and C2C2 alone or in combination with KIR genotype (cAB1 and AA, respectively), is observed in less or higher frequency among MM cases and associated with delayed/earlier age of onset, respectively. Genotype AA-C1C1 although in similar frequency between patients and healthy subjects, is also associated with delay. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating an association between KIR and MM onset age, independent from R-ISS or light chain type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Yalim Akin
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Rıdvan Goksel Anliacik
- Department of Hematology, Immunogenetics Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Anliacik
- Department of Hematology, Immunogenetics Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunhan Gurman
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ergun Karaagaoglu
- Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Klara Dalva
- Department of Hematology, Immunogenetics Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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22
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Beksac M, Hayden P. Upfront autologous transplantation still improving outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma. Lancet Haematol 2023; 10:e80-e82. [PMID: 36529146 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(22)00360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Cebeci Hospital, Ankara University, Ankara 06620, Türkiye.
| | - Patrick Hayden
- Department of Haematology, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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Akcora-Yildiz D, Ozkan T, Ozen M, Gunduz M, Sunguroglu A, Beksac M. Werner helicase is required for proliferation and DNA damage repair in multiple myeloma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1565-1573. [PMID: 36515823 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by extensive genomic instability and aberrant DNA damage repair, is a plasma cell malignancy due to the excessive proliferation of monoclonal antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow. Despite the significant improvement in the survival of patients with the development of novel therapeutic agents, MM remains an incurable disease. Werner (WRN) helicase, a member of the RecQ helicase family that contributes to DNA replication, recombination, and repair, has been highlighted in cancer cell survival, yet the role and mechanism of WRN in MM remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Increased mRNA expression of WRN in newly diagnosed and relapsed CD138+ myeloma plasma cells than normal CD138+ plasma cells and their matched CD138- non-tumorigenic cells were detected by qPCR. Using NSC19630, a specific WRN helicase inhibitor, we further showed decreased cell viability, proliferation, and DNA repair and increased DNA damage and apoptosis in MM cells by MTT assay, cell cycle assay, apoptosis assay, and Western blotting. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study demonstrate that WRN is essential in MM cell viability, proliferation, and genomic stability, indicating its inhibition may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Akcora-Yildiz
- Department of Biology, Art & Science Faculty, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Tulin Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozen
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Bayındır Sogutozu Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gunduz
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Sunguroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Spencer A, Samoilova O, Chng W, Labotka R, Li C, Wu K, Saxena N, Yan X, Lee JH, Beksac M. Impact of ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone therapy on overall survival in multiple myeloma patients: Analysis of the emerging-markets subgroup of the TOURMALINE-MM1 trial. EJHaem 2022; 3:1241-1251. [PMID: 36467842 PMCID: PMC9713050 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (ixazomib-Rd) showed clinical efficacy over placebo-Rd in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) in the TOURMALINE-MM1 trial. Over a median follow-up of ∼85 months, as patients showed disease progression, they received subsequent novel therapies that confounded the overall survival (OS) benefit. Here, we conducted a post hoc analysis in 148 patients from seven countries defined as emerging markets, with limited access to novel therapies for MM during the trial period, to describe the impact of these therapies on OS. Patients were randomised to ixazomib-Rd (n = 71) or placebo-Rd (n = 77). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 18.7 versus 10.2 months, with ixazomib-Rd versus placebo-Rd (hazard ratio [HR], 0.504; p = 0.008) demonstrating a statistically significant improvement as observed in the primary trial. The median OS improved by 32.6 months with ixazomib-Rd over placebo-Rd (63.5 vs. 30.9 months; HR, 0.794; p = 0.261); however, the statistically significant benefit seen in PFS was not observed for OS. Improvement with ixazomib-Rd over placebo-Rd was observed in overall response (81.7% vs. 64.9%; odds ratio [OR], 2.38; p = 0.019) and complete response (22.5% vs. 3.9%; OR, 7.57; p < 0.001). Patient-reported quality of life and use of subsequent therapies were similar across treatment groups. No new safety concerns were identified. Compared with the main cohort, median OS was 10 months longer with ixazomib-Rd and 21 months shorter with placebo-Rd in this subgroup, indicating a clinically meaningful survival benefit of ixazomib-Rd treatment in this patient population with limited access to subsequent novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Spencer
- The Alfred Hospital‐Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Olga Samoilova
- State Budget Institution of Healthcare of Nizhny Novgorod RegionNizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical HospitalNizhny NovgorodRussia
| | | | | | - Cong Li
- Takeda Development Center AmericasLexingtonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kwang‐Wei Wu
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AGSingaporeSingapore
| | - Nakul Saxena
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AGSingaporeSingapore
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterNamdong‐guSouth Korea
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of HematologyAnkara University School of MedicineDikimeviTurkey
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25
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Ilhan O, Cengiz Seval G, Civriz Bozdag S, Toprak S, Kurt Yuksel M, Topcuoglu P, Arslan O, Ozcan M, Demirer T, Gurman G, Beksac M. Do leukapheresis improve early death rates in elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients with hyperleukocytosis? J Geriatr Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(22)00300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Gagelmann N, Sureda A, Montoto S, Murray J, Bolaños N, Kenyon M, Beksac M, Schönland S, Hayden P, Scheurer H, Morgan K, Garderet L, McLornan DP, Ruggeri A. Access to and affordability of CAR T-cell therapy in multiple myeloma: an EBMT position paper. Lancet Haematol 2022; 9:e786-e795. [PMID: 36174641 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(22)00226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a promising immunotherapeutic approach in the treatment of multiple myeloma, and the recent approval of the first two CAR T-cell products could result in improved outcomes. However, it remains a complex and expensive technology, which poses challenges to health-care systems and society in general, especially in times of crises. This potentially accelerates pre-existing inequalities as access to CAR T-cell therapy varies, both between countries, depending on the level of economic development, and within countries, due to structural disparities in access to quality health care-a parameter strongly correlated with socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and lifestyle. Here, we identify two important issues: affordability and access to CAR T-cell treatment. This consensus statement from clinical investigators, clinicians, nurses, and patients from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) proposes solutions as part of an innovative collaborative strategy to make CAR T-cell therapy accessible to all patients with multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Gagelmann
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Anna Sureda
- Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Montoto
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - John Murray
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Michelle Kenyon
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Medical Department V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Hayden
- Department of Hematology, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Laurent Garderet
- Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Donal P McLornan
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Annalisa Ruggeri
- Hematology and BMT Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
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Mateos MV, Rigaudeau S, Basu S, Spicka I, Schots R, Wrobel T, Cook G, Beksac M, Gries KS, Kudva A, Tromp B, Van Rampelbergh R, Pei H, Wroblewski S, Carson R, Delioukina M, White D. Switching to daratumumab SC from IV is safe and preferred by patients with multiple myeloma. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2022:10781552221103551. [PMID: 36067063 DOI: 10.1177/10781552221103551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two phase 3 studies demonstrated superior efficacy of intravenous daratumumab (DARA IV) plus bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone (ALCYONE) or lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd; MAIA) versus standard-of-care regimens for transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. In these studies, patients could switch from DARA IV to subcutaneous daratumumab (DARA SC) while receiving daratumumab monotherapy in ALCYONE (as of Cycle 11) or daratumumab plus Rd in MAIA. The phase 3 COLUMBA study demonstrated noninferiority of DARA SC to DARA IV. DARA SC reduced administration time, allowing patients to spend less time in healthcare settings, a relevant practical consideration for patient care in the COVID-19 pandemic/settings of limited healthcare resources. METHODS DARA SC 1800 mg was administered every 4 weeks, per approved dosing schedules. We evaluated safety and patient-reported experience (ALCYONE only) among patients who switched from DARA IV to DARA SC. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients in ALCYONE and 135 in MAIA switched to DARA SC. Three (2.2%; MAIA) patients reported injection-site reactions, all of which were mild. No infusion-related reactions occurred with DARA SC. In ALCYONE, >80% of patients preferred DARA SC over DARA IV. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 5.3% of patients in ALCYONE and 25.9% in MAIA; one (0.7%; MAIA) patient experienced a TEAE with an outcome of death. CONCLUSION For transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, DARA SC (monotherapy/with Rd) was safe and preferred over DARA IV. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02195479/NCT02252172.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sophie Rigaudeau
- Hôpital Andre Mignot, Service d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Supratik Basu
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust and University, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Ivan Spicka
- Clinical Department of Haematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Gordon Cook
- Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Anupa Kudva
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Brenda Tromp
- Janssen Research & Development, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Huiling Pei
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Robin Carson
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - Darrell White
- Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Ozdemir ZN, Kircali E, Şahin U, Seval GC, Bozdağ SC, Toprak SK, Yuksel MK, Topcuoglu P, Arslan O, Demirer T, Ilhan O, Beksac M, Gurman G, Ozcan M. Pretransplant Consolidation Therapies Improve the Outcome of Myeloablative Allogeneic Transplantation in Adults with Ph-negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2022; 22:596-600. [PMID: 35410758 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKROUND AND AIM The benefit of pre-transplant consolidation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who achieved first complete remission (CR1) has not yet been clearly demonstrated. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the treatments received before transplantation and transplant outcome in Ph-ALL patients who underwent myeloablative allo-HSCT in CR1. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 55, 32 (58.2%) men and 23 (41.8%) women, who underwent allo-HSCT with the diagnosis of Ph-ALL were evaluated retrospectively. All patients underwent to allo-HSCT with myeloablative conditioning regimen in the 1st CR from the available donor. RESULTS In patients who received >2 consolidation, the 2-year and 3-year OS was 69% and 65%, respectively, while the 2-year and 3-year OS was 39% and 26%, respectively, in those who received < 2 consolidation (P =.03). RFS was similar in both groups (P = .8). One year- NRM was found 28% in patients who received ≥ 2 consolidations, and 37% in patients who received <2 consolidation (P =.06). L-asparaginase, high dose methotrexate, and cranial treatments given before transplantation had no effect on transplant outcomes (P > .05). CONCLUSION Contrary to the belief that pre-transplant consolidation is not beneficial in ALL patients who proceed with allo-HCST in CR1, our results showed that consolidation treatments reduce NRM and improve the survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Narli Ozdemir
- University of Health Science Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Ekin Kircali
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Uğur Şahin
- Medicana International Ankara Hospital, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sinem Civriz Bozdağ
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selami Kocak Toprak
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Kurt Yuksel
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pervin Topcuoglu
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onder Arslan
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Demirer
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Ilhan
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunhan Gurman
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhit Ozcan
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Yurdakul Mesutoglu P, Gencer Oncul EB, Akin HY, Beksac M. Manual Versus Automated Volume Reduction of Cord Blood. Eur J Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.54614/eurjther.2021.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Oriol Rocafiguera A, Dimopoulos MA, Schjesvold F, Beksac M, Yagci M, Larocca A, Guo S, Mu Y, Hong K, Dhanasiri S, Richardson PG, Weisel K. Pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in lenalidomide-pretreated multiple myeloma: A subanalysis of OPTIMISMM by frailty. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.8024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8024 Background: Patients (pts) with multiple myeloma (MM) are likely to be older adults, and advanced age is associated with lower survival rates, in part due to comorbidities and frailty. Results from the phase 3 OPTIMISMM trial (NCT01734928) demonstrated that pomalidomide (P) in combination with bortezomib + dexamethasone (Vd) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in lenalidomide (LEN)-pretreated pts with relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) vs Vd, irrespective of age and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS). Here, we report results from a post hoc analysis assessing outcomes of PVd vs Vd in pts with RRMM by frailty status. Methods: Pts with MM and 1–3 prior lines of therapy (including a LEN-containing regimen) who had been randomized 1:1 to PVd or Vd were assessed for frailty. Frailty scores were calculated using age (≤ 75 yr = 0; 76–80 yr = 1; > 80 yr = 2), the Charlson Comorbidity Index (≤ 1 = 0; > 1 = 1) and ECOG PS (0 = 0; 1 = 1; ≥ 2 = 2). Pts were classified as non-frail (NF; combined score: 0 or 1) or frail (F; combined score: ≥ 2). PFS, overall response rate (ORR), and safety outcomes were assessed by treatment group and frailty status. Results: In the intent-to-treat population (N = 559) (data cutoff Oct 26, 2017), 93/281 (33.1%) pts who received PVd and 93/278 (33.5%) who received Vd were frail. Baseline characteristics were similar between treatment groups within each frailty subgroup. Median PFS was longer with PVd vs Vd in NF ( P = 0.001) and F ( P = 0.006) subgroups (Table). ORR was higher with PVd vs Vd in NF ( P < 0.001) and F ( P < 0.001) subgroups. Incidence of grade ≥ 3 (G3) treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher with PVd vs Vd in NF (88.1 vs 61.3%) and F (96.8 vs 87.9%) subgroups; peripheral neuropathy, acute renal failure, and hypertension were the most common. Treatment discontinuation due to G3 TEAEs was greater with PVd vs Vd in NF (19.2 vs 18.5%) and F (30.1 vs 20.9%) subgroups. PVd had a longer median treatment duration vs Vd in NF (8.8 vs 5.7 mo) and F (8.9 vs 4.3 mo) subgroups. Conclusions: Frail pts with RRMM who received PVd had longer PFS and higher ORR than pts who received Vd, consistent with the overall OPTIMISMM results. Frail pts experienced more G3 TEAEs and treatment discontinuations with PVd vs Vd, but treatment duration was longer with PVd vs Vd. Clinical trial information: NCT01734928. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, and KG Jebsen Center for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültes, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Münci Yagci
- Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alessandra Larocca
- SSD Clinical Trials in Onco-Ematologia e Mieloma Multiplo, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città Della Salute e Della Scienza Di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sujith Dhanasiri
- Celgene International Sàrl, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Boudry, Switzerland
| | | | - Katja Weisel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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31
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Toprak SK, Kırcalı E, Cengiz Seval G, Civriz Bozdag S, Yuksel MK, Topcuoglu P, Arslan O, Ozcan M, Demirer T, Gurman G, Beksac M, Ilhan O. The efficacy and safety of second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e19048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e19048 Background: Second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (sAHCT) might be indicated following a graft failure or disease relapse after the first one; although it might emerge with high rates of morbidities and mortality. Currently, there is a limited number of publications on this matter in the literature, here we aimed to share our sAHCT experience from a single center. Methods: Data from 51 patients who were eligible for sAHCT between 2001 and 2021 was evaluated retrospectively. All data was obtained from the Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit. Results: 51 patients were included in the present study. Median age at sAHCT was 34 (18- 65) and female/ male ratio 19/ 32 (37.3% / 62.7%). The same donor from the first transplant was eligible for sAHCT for most patients (n= 46, 90.2 %). sAHCT indication was graft failure for 11 patients (21.6 %) whereas 40 (78.4 %) patient went on sAHCT for disease relapse. Patients’ diagnoses were as follows: acute myeloid leukemia (n= 26, 50.9 %), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n=9, 17.6 %), myelodysplastic syndrome (n= 6, 11.8 %), aplastic anemia (n= 6, 11.8 %) and others (CMML, CML, biphenotypic leukemia). Median number of transplanted CD34+ hematopoietic cells was 5.77 x x106/ kg (1.11- 8.29). Stem cell source was either bone marrow (n= 5, 9.8%) or peripheral blood (n= 46, 90.2 %). Myeloablative conditioning regimens were used for most sAHCTs (n= 30, 58.8%). Median overall survival (OS) rates for graft failure and disease relapse groups were 12.8 and 18.7 months, respectively (p= 0.63). During early transplant phase, 20 patients (39.2 %) died due to bone marrow aplasia, transplant failure or other complications. 1 year OS of the entire cohort was 33.3 % whereas 2-y- OS was 21.6% (95% CI= 25-45). 2 patients (3.9 %) died due to COVID19 during transplant process. On univariate analysis, sex, time from the first transplant (<12 months/ ≥12 months), conditioning intensity, sAHCT indication did not statistically significantly influence OS. Multivariate analysis confirmed a lower ECOG score (<2) at sAHCT significantly increased OS (p= 0.001). Conclusions: Based on this single center study, sAHCT is an efficacious treatment modality especially for patients with lower ECOG scores. sAHCT may offer long term survival for both graft failure and disease relapse states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selami Kocak Toprak
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Sinem Civriz Bozdag
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Kurt Yuksel
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pervin Topcuoglu
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onder Arslan
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhit Ozcan
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Demirer
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunhan Gurman
- Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Osman Ilhan
- Ankara University School of Medicine Hematology Department, Ankara, Turkey
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32
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Sanchorawala V, Palladini G, Minnema MC, Jaccard A, Lee HC, Gibbs S, Mollee P, Venner C, Lu J, Schönland S, Gatt M, Suzuki K, Kim K, Cibeira MT, Beksac M, Libby E, Valent J, Hungria V, Wong SW, Rosenzweig M, Bumma N, Chauveau D, Gries KS, Fastenau J, Tran NP, Qin X, Vasey SY, Weiss BM, Vermeulen J, Ho KF, Merlini G, Comenzo RL, Kastritis E, Wechalekar AD. Health-related quality of life in patients with light chain amyloidosis treated with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone ± daratumumab: Results from the ANDROMEDA study. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:719-730. [PMID: 35293006 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the phase 3 ANDROMEDA trial, patients treated with daratumumab, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (D-VCd) had significantly higher rates of organ and hematologic response compared with patients who received VCd alone. Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the ANDROMEDA trial. PROs were assessed through cycle 6 using three standardized questionnaires. Treatment effect through cycle 6 was measured by a repeated-measures, mixed-effects model. The magnitude of changes in PROs versus baseline was generally low, but between-group differences favored the D-VCd group. Results were generally consistent irrespective of hematologic, cardiac, or renal responses. More patients in the D-VCd group experienced meaningful improvements in PROs; median time to improvement was more rapid in the D-VCd group versus the VCd group. After cycle 6, patients in the D-VCd group received daratumumab monotherapy and their PRO assessments continued, with improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) reported through cycle 19. PROs of subgroups with renal and cardiac involvement were consistent with those of the intent-to-treat population. These results demonstrate that the previously reported clinical benefits of D-VCd were achieved without decrement to patients' HRQoL and provide support of D-VCd in patients with AL amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Sanchorawala
- Amyloidosis Center, Department of Hematology Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Giovanni Palladini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy
| | - Monique C. Minnema
- Department of Hematology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Jaccard
- Service d'hématologie clinique et de thérapie cellulaire CHU de Limoges Limoges France
| | - Hans C. Lee
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| | - Simon Gibbs
- The Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School Box Hill Victoria Australia
| | - Peter Mollee
- Department of Hematology Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | | | - Jin Lu
- Institute of Hematology Peking University People's Hospital Beijing China
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Amyloidosis Center Universitaetsklinikum Heidelberg Medizinische Klinik V Heidelberg Germany
| | - Moshe Gatt
- Hematology Department Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- Department of Hematology Japanese Red Cross Central Medical Center, Shibuya Tokyo Japan
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Department of Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Seoul South Korea
| | - María Teresa Cibeira
- Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS Barcelona Spain
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Edward Libby
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Jason Valent
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Vania Hungria
- Department of Hematology Clinica São Germano São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sandy W. Wong
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California San Francisco California USA
| | - Michael Rosenzweig
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research City of Hope Duarte California USA
| | - Naresh Bumma
- Division of Hematology The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Dominique Chauveau
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes CHU de Toulouse Toulouse France
| | | | - John Fastenau
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC Raritan New Jersey USA
| | - Nam Phuong Tran
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC Los Angeles California USA
| | - Xiang Qin
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC Spring House Pennsylvania USA
| | - Sandra Y. Vasey
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC Spring House Pennsylvania USA
| | - Brendan M. Weiss
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC Spring House Pennsylvania USA
| | | | | | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy
| | - Raymond L. Comenzo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program Tufts Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine Athens Greece
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33
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Dhakal B, Shah N, Kansagra A, Kumar A, Lonial S, Garfall A, Cowan A, Poudyal BS, Costello C, Gay F, Cook G, Quach H, Einsele H, Schriber J, Hou J, Costa L, Aljurf M, Chaudhry M, Beksac M, Prince M, Mohty M, Janakiram M, Callander N, Biran N, Malhotra P, Otero PR, Moreau P, Abonour R, Iftikhar R, Silberman R, Mailankody S, Gregory T, Lin Y, Carpenter P, Hamadani M, Usmani S, Kumar S. ASTCT Clinical Practice Recommendations for Transplantation and Cellular Therapies in Multiple Myeloma. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:284-293. [PMID: 35306217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, therapeutic options in multiple myeloma (MM) have changed dramatically. Given the unprecedented efficacy of novel agents, the role of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in MM remains under scrutiny. Rapid advances in myeloma immunotherapy including the recent approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy will impact the MM therapeutic landscape. The American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy convened an expert panel to formulate clinical practice recommendations for role, timing, and sequencing of autologous (auto-HCT), allogeneic (allo-HCT) and CAR T-cell therapy for patients with newly diagnosed (NDMM) and relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM). The RAND-modified Delphi method was used to generate consensus statements. Twenty consensus statements were generated. The panel endorsed continued use of auto-HCT consolidation for patients with NDMM as a standard-of-care option, whereas in the front line allo-HCT and CAR-T were not recommended outside the setting of clinical trial. For patients not undergoing auto-HCT upfront, the panel recommended its use in first relapse. Lenalidomide as a single agent was recommended for maintenance especially for standard risk patients. In the RRMM setting, the panel recommended the use of CAR-T in patients with 4 or more prior lines of therapy. The panel encouraged allo-HCT in RRMM setting only in the context of clinical trial. The panel found RAND-modified Delphi methodology effective in providing a formal framework for developing consensus recommendations for the timing and sequence of cellular therapies for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Dhakal
- Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Nina Shah
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Ankit Kansagra
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ambuj Kumar
- Program for Comparative Effectiveness Research, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alfred Garfall
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Cowan
- University of Washington, Seattle WA, and Fred Hutch, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bishesh Sharma Poudyal
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Caitlin Costello
- UCSD/Sharp Healthcare Transplant Program, Blood & Marrow Transplant Services, Moore's Cancer Center, San-Diego, California
| | - Francesca Gay
- Division of Hematology 1 Clinical Trial Unit, AOU CIttà della salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Gordon Cook
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trial Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Hang Quach
- University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Herman Einsele
- Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine II, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jeff Schriber
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jian Hou
- Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luciano Costa
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Chaudhry
- Department of hematology/Oncology, George Washington University and Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Miles Prince
- Epworth Healthcare and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Murali Janakiram
- Division of Myeloma, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, California
| | | | - Noa Biran
- Hackensack Meridian Health, John Theurer Cancer Center, Multiple Myeloma Division, Hackensack, New Jersey
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Hematology & Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Rafat Abonour
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Raheel Iftikhar
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rebecca Silberman
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sham Mailankody
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York
| | - Tara Gregory
- Colorado Blood Cancer Institute, Sarah Cannon Cancer Network, Denver, Colorado
| | - Yi Lin
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul Carpenter
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mehdi Hamadani
- Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - Saad Usmani
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New, York, New York
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Derman B, Castillo JJ, Sarosiek S, Beksac M. When a Monoclonal Gammopathy Is Not Multiple Myeloma. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42:1-10. [PMID: 35394823 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_349643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of monoclonal gammopathies is continuously evolving. Once accepted as a possible precursor condition to multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathies as an entity are now associated with many renal, neurologic, and dermatologic disorders of clinical significance. This change has created a challenge for patients and clinicians, as a monoclonal gammopathy may be a harbinger not of multiple myeloma but of other lymphoproliferative disorders such as light-chain amyloidosis and Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Early recognition of monoclonal gammopathies along with a careful workup are essential in determining the next steps in the care of a given patient. Recognition has become all the more important as we understand how to triage the 4% to 9% of patients with monoclonal gammopathies depending on age, with the goal of limiting overdiagnosis and misdiagnosis. In this review, we focus on treatment strategies for patients with monoclonal gammopathies that are not multiple myeloma, including smoldering multiple myeloma, light-chain amyloidosis, and Waldenström macroglobulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge J Castillo
- Bing Center for Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shayna Sarosiek
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Cebeci Hospital, Ankara University Dikimevi, Ankara, Turkey
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35
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Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA, Boccadoro M, Delimpasi S, Beksac M, Katodritou E, Moreau P, Pompa A, Symeonidis A, Bila J, Oriol A, Mateos M, Einsele H, Orfanidis I, Gries KS, Fastenau J, Liu K, He J, Kampfenkel T, Qiu Y, Amin H, Carson R, Sonneveld P. Health-related quality of life in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with pomalidomide and dexamethasone ± subcutaneous daratumumab: Patient-reported outcomes from the APOLLO trial. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:481-490. [PMID: 35089607 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the phase 3 APOLLO trial, daratumumab in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Pd) significantly reduced the rate of disease progression or death by 37% relative to Pd alone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who had received ≥1 prior line of therapy including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from APOLLO. Median treatment duration was 11.5 months with D-Pd and 6.6 months with Pd. PRO compliance rates were high and similar in both groups. No changes from baseline were observed for EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status scores in either group, while physical and emotional functioning, disease symptoms, and adverse effects of treatment remained at baseline levels with D-Pd but worsened with Pd. Reductions (p < 0.05) in pain and fatigue were seen at several time points with D-Pd versus Pd. Overall, these results suggest patients' health-related quality of life remained stable when daratumumab was added to Pd, with several results favoring D-Pd versus Pd. These findings complement the significant clinical improvements observed with D-Pd and support its use in patients with RRMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Meletios A. Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino Turin Italy
| | | | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- Department of Hematology Theagenio Cancer Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Hematology Department University Hospital Hôtel‐Dieu Nantes France
| | | | | | - Jelena Bila
- Clinic of Hematology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - Albert Oriol
- Institut Català d'Oncologia Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol Barcelona Spain
| | - Maria‐Victoria Mateos
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II University Hospital Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | | | | | - John Fastenau
- Janssen Research & Development LLC Raritan New Jersey USA
| | - Kevin Liu
- Janssen Research & Development LLC Raritan New Jersey USA
| | - Jianming He
- Janssen Research & Development LLC Raritan New Jersey USA
| | | | - Yanping Qiu
- Janssen Research & Development LLC Beijing China
| | - Himal Amin
- Janssen Research & Development LLC Raritan New Jersey USA
| | - Robin Carson
- Janssen Research & Development LLC Wayne Pennsylvania USA
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute Rotterdam Netherlands
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36
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Bladé J, Beksac M, Caers J, Jurczyszyn A, von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Moreau P, Rasche L, Rosiñol L, Usmani SZ, Zamagni E, Richardson P. Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma: a systematic literature review. Blood Cancer J 2022; 12:45. [PMID: 35314675 PMCID: PMC8938478 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-022-00643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary involvement (or extramedullary disease, EMD) represents an aggressive form of multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by the ability of a clone and/or subclone to thrive and grow independent of the bone marrow microenvironment. Several different definitions of EMD have been used in the published literature. We advocate that true EMD is restricted to soft-tissue plasmacytomas that arise due to hematogenous spread and have no contact with bony structures. Typical sites of EMD vary according to the phase of MM. At diagnosis, EMD is typically found in skin and soft tissues; at relapse, typical sites involved include liver, kidneys, lymph nodes, central nervous system (CNS), breast, pleura, and pericardium. The reported incidence of EMD varies considerably, and differences in diagnostic approach between studies are likely to contribute to this variability. In patients with newly diagnosed MM, the reported incidence ranges from 0.5% to 4.8%, while in relapsed/refractory MM the reported incidence is 3.4 to 14%. Available data demonstrate that the prognosis is poor, and considerably worse than for MM without soft-tissue plasmacytomas. Among patients with plasmacytomas, those with EMD have poorer outcomes than those with paraskeletal involvement. CNS involvement is rare, but prognosis is even more dismal than for EMD in other locations, particularly if there is leptomeningeal involvement. Available data on treatment outcomes for EMD are derived almost entirely from retrospective studies. Some agents and combinations have shown a degree of efficacy but, as would be expected, this is less than in MM patients with no extramedullary involvement. The paucity of prospective studies makes it difficult to justify strong recommendations for any treatment approach. Prospective data from patients with clearly defined EMD are important for the optimal evaluation of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Bladé
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jo Caers
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Plasma Cell Dyscrasia Center, Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteilung für Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Leo Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laura Rosiñol
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Elena Zamagni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia 'Seràgnoli' and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paul Richardson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Cengiz Seval G, Beksac M. Is Quantification of Measurable Clonal Plasma Cells in Stem Cell Grafts (gMRD) Clinically Meaningful? Front Oncol 2022; 12:800711. [PMID: 35280810 PMCID: PMC8904734 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.800711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the introduction of more effective novel therapies, the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) has improved significantly over the past decade, resulting with a significant proportion of patients achieving durable remissions that may reach even more than 10 years. Several studies demonstrated that the real prognostic value of complete remission (CR) relies on sustained undetectable minimal residual disease (MRD). Additionally, advances in MRD detection methods used for the detection of clonal plasma cells (cPC) inside or outside the bone marrow have also improved the value of MRD. The use of peripheral blood for MRD detection could be an effective method that overcomes the spatial heterogeneity and invasive intervention with recurrent bone marrow aspirations. During the last two decades, many groups have investigated the role of circulating plasma cells (CPCs) at diagnosis. As also presented by multiple groups during the recent ASH 2021 annual meeting, CPCs are becoming recognized as an independent prognostic factor. In addition, measurement of post-induction residual plasma cells in the stem cell graft is identified as another option for MRD assessment. Earlier studies in the era of less intensive induction regimens attempts to analyze the level of CPC contamination in the graft was shown to contribute to myeloma relapse and progression. According to these recent results, higher graft purity has been found to be in concordance with deeper responses. As expected, graft minimal residual disease (gMRD) may reflect the efficacy of induction as an additional response assessment tool. Although gMRD is a non-invasive approach, it has not gained sufficient support for routine use. In view of the hurdles related to monoclonal protein assessments, high-sensitivity cellular component measurement continues to possess its value as an end point for therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we will present a structural framework for MRD testing in peripheral blood stem cell autografts in MM and review the clinical integration into MM management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kırcalı E, Ermiş GY, Öztürk C, Yilmaz H, Seval GC, Yıldırım Y, Bozdag SC, Toprak SK, Topcuoglu P, Ilhan O, Beksac M, Gurman G, Yuksel MK. Is It Safe to Continue Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Via Cryopreservation during COVID-19 Pandemic? Transplant Cell Ther 2022. [PMCID: PMC8930036 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-6367(22)00500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Drozd-Sokołowska J, Gras L, Zinger N, Snowden JA, Arat M, Basak G, Pouli A, Crawley C, Wilson KMO, Tilly H, Byrne J, Bulabois CE, Passweg J, Ozkurt ZN, Schroyens W, Lioure B, Colorado Araujo M, Poiré X, Van Gorkom G, Gurman G, de Wreede LC, Hayden PJ, Beksac M, Schönland SO, Yakoub-Agha I. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsed multiple myeloma performed with cells procured after previous transplantation-study on behalf of CMWP of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:633-640. [PMID: 35169284 PMCID: PMC8993690 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-022-01592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) may be performed in multiple myeloma (MM) patients relapsing after a previous auto-HCT. For those without an adequate dose of stored stem cells, remobilization is necessary. This retrospective study included patients who, following disease relapse after the first auto-HCT(s), underwent stem cell remobilization and auto-HCT performed using these cells. There were 305 patients, 68% male, median age at salvage auto-HCT was 59 years. The median time to relapse after the first-line penultimate auto-HCT(s) was 30.6 months, the median follow-up after salvage auto-HCT 31 months. The 2- and 4-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) after the salvage auto-HCT was 5 and 9%, the relapse incidence 56 and 76%, respectively. Overall survival (OS) after 2 and 4 years was 76 and 52%, progression-free survival (PFS) 39 and 15%. In multivariable analysis an increasing interval between the penultimate auto-HCT and relapse was associated with better OS and PFS, later calendar year of salvage auto-HCT with better OS. In conclusion, salvage auto-HCT performed with cells remobilized after a previous auto-HCT was associated with acceptable NRM. The leading cause of failure was disease progression of MM, which correlated with a shorter interval from the penultimate auto-HCT to the first relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luuk Gras
- EBMT Statistical Unit Data Office, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - John A Snowden
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mutlu Arat
- Florence Nightingale Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Grzegorz Basak
- Central Clinical Hospital, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anastasia Pouli
- Haematology Department, "St Savvas" Oncology Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Lioure
- Techniciens d'Etude Clinique suivi de patients greffes, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Xavier Poiré
- Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Gunhan Gurman
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Liesbeth C de Wreede
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stefan O Schönland
- Medizinische Klinik u. Poliklinik V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha
- CHU de Lille, Univ Lille, INSERM U1286, Infinite, 59000 Lille, Lille, France
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Swan D, Hayden PJ, Eikema DJ, Koster L, Sauer S, Blaise D, Nicholson E, Rabin N, Touzeau C, Byrne J, Huynh A, Cornelissen JJ, Potter V, Forcade E, Parrish C, Gribben J, Chretien ML, Mielke S, Gedde-Dahl T, Reményi P, Tsirigotis P, Garcia Guiñón A, Beksac M, Schönland S, Yakoub-Agha I. Trends in autologous stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: Changing demographics and outcomes in European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centres from 1995 to 2019. Br J Haematol 2022; 197:82-96. [PMID: 35166376 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 10% of haematological malignancies. Overall survival (OS) has improved in recent years due to increased use of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the treatment of newly diagnosed MM and the advent of novel agents, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs and monoclonal antibodies. To assess trends in ASCT including patient selection, choice of induction regimen, depth of response and survival, we performed a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing first ASCT for MM in European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centres between 1995 and 2019. A total of 117 711 patients across 575 centres were included. The number of transplants performed increased sevenfold across the study period. The median age increased from 55 to 61 years, and the percentage of patients aged >65 years rose from 7% to 30%. Use of chemotherapy-based induction fell significantly, being largely replaced by bortezomib-based regimens. The two-year complete response rate increased from 22% to 42%. The five-year progression-free survival and OS rates increased from 28% to 31% and from 52% to 69%, respectively. Transplant mortality fell from 5.9% to 1.5%. Ongoing advances in MM treatment may challenge the future role of ASCT. However, at the current time, ASCT remains central to the MM treatment paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Swan
- Department of Haematology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Dirk-Jan Eikema
- European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Statistical Unit, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Didier Blaise
- Programme de Transplantation and Therapie Cellulaire, Marseille, France
| | | | - Neil Rabin
- University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - Anne Huynh
- CHU - Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | - John Gribben
- St Bartholomew's and The Royal London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Richardson PG, Perrot A, San-Miguel J, Beksac M, Spicka I, Leleu X, Schjesvold F, Moreau P, Dimopoulos MA, Huang JSY, Minarik J, Cavo M, Prince HM, Malinge L, Dubin F, van de Velde H, Anderson KC. Isatuximab plus pomalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone versus pomalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (ICARIA-MM): follow-up analysis of a randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:416-427. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00019-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Vincent L, Gras L, Ceballos P, Finke J, Passweg J, Harel S, Rosinol L, Minnema M, Teipel R, van Doesum J, Hänel M, Lenain P, Botella-Garcia C, Koenecke C, Ducastelle S, Sanz J, Schroyens W, Zuckerman T, Monaco F, Koster L, de Wreede L, Hayden PJ, Schönland S, Yakoub-Agha I, Beksac M. Daratumumab after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma is safe and synergies with pre-existing chronic graft versus host disease. A retrospective study from the CMWP EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:499-501. [PMID: 35013536 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Vincent
- CHU de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, Montpellier, France.
| | - Luuk Gras
- EBMT Statistical Unit, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaap van Doesum
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Sanz
- Hospital Universitari I politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Federico Monaco
- A.O. SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meral Beksac
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Ludwig H, Sonneveld P, Facon T, San-Miguel J, Avet-Loiseau H, Mohty M, Mateos MV, Moreau P, Cavo M, Pawlyn C, Zweegman S, Engelhardt M, Driessen C, Cook G, Dimopoulos MA, Gay F, Einsele H, Delforge M, Caers J, Weisel K, Jackson G, Garderet L, van de Donk N, Leleu X, Goldschmidt H, Beksac M, Nijhof I, Schreder M, Abildgaard N, Hajek R, Zojer N, Kastritis E, Broijl A, Schjesvold F, Boccadoro M, Terpos E. COVID-19 vaccination in patients with multiple myeloma: a consensus of the European Myeloma Network. Lancet Haematol 2021; 8:e934-e946. [PMID: 34756169 PMCID: PMC8553271 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(21)00278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patients with multiple myeloma frequently present with substantial immune impairment and an increased risk for infections and infection-related mortality. The risk for infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus and resulting mortality is also increased, emphasising the importance of protecting patients by vaccination. Available data in patients with multiple myeloma suggest a suboptimal anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response, meaning a proportion of patients are unprotected. Factors associated with poor response are uncontrolled disease, immunosuppression, concomitant therapy, more lines of therapy, and CD38 antibody-directed and B-cell maturation antigen-directed therapy. These facts suggest that monitoring the immune response to vaccination in patients with multiple myeloma might provide guidance for clinical management, such as administration of additional doses of the same or another vaccine, or even temporary treatment discontinuation, if possible. In those who do not exhibit a good response, prophylactic treatment with neutralising monoclonal antibody cocktails might be considered. In patients deficient of a SARS-CoV-2 immune response, adherence to measures for infection risk reduction is particularly recommended. This consensus was generated by members of the European Multiple Myeloma Network and some external experts. The panel members convened in virtual meetings and conducted an extensive literature research and evaluated recently published data and work presented at meetings, as well as findings from their own studies. The outcome of the discussions on establishing consensus recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in patients with multiple myeloma was condensed into this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Ludwig
- Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, First Department of Medicine, Center for Oncology, Hematology, and Palliative Care, Clinic Ottakring, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute-Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thierry Facon
- University of Lille, CHU Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France
| | - Jesus San-Miguel
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIMA, CIBERONC, IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Mohamad Mohty
- Service d'Hematologie Clinique et Therapie Cellulaire, Hopital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, INSERM Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 938, Paris, France
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (Universidad de Salamanca-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University hospital Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Charlotte Pawlyn
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Department of Medicine I and Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem-Cell Transplantation, Clinical Cancer Research Group, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Gordon Cook
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trial Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Melitios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Jo Caers
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Katja Weisel
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf II, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Graham Jackson
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laurent Garderet
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM, UMR-S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine-Team Hematopoietic and leukemic development, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié Salpetrière, Département d'Hématologie et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Paris, France
| | - Niels van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xavier Leleu
- CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France; Inserm, Poitiers, France
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Inger Nijhof
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin Schreder
- First Department of Medicine, Center for Oncology, Hematology, and Palliative Care, Clinic Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niels Abildgaard
- Hematology Research Unit, Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Roman Hajek
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Niklas Zojer
- First Department of Medicine, Center for Oncology, Hematology, and Palliative Care, Clinic Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Annemiek Broijl
- Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute-Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Mario Boccadoro
- KG Jebsen Center for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; European Myeloma Network (EMN) Italy, Torino, Italy
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Sonneveld P, Dimopoulos MA, Beksac M, van der Holt B, Aquino S, Ludwig H, Zweegman S, Zander T, Zamagni E, Wester R, Hajek R, Pantani L, Dozza L, Gay F, Cafro A, De Rosa L, Morelli A, Gregersen H, Gulbrandsen N, Cornelisse P, Troia R, Oliva S, van de Velden V, Wu K, Ypma PF, Bos G, Levin MD, Pour L, Driessen C, Broijl A, Croockewit A, Minnema MC, Waage A, Hveding C, van de Donk NWCJ, Offidani M, Palumbo GA, Spencer A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M. Consolidation and Maintenance in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:3613-3622. [PMID: 34520219 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To address the role of consolidation treatment for newly diagnosed, transplant eligible patients with multiple myeloma in a controlled clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS The EMN02/HOVON95 trial compared consolidation treatment with two cycles of bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRD) or no consolidation after induction and intensification therapy, followed by continuous lenalidomide maintenance. Primary study end point was progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Eight hundred seventy-eight eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive VRD consolidation (451 patients) or no consolidation (427 patients). At a median follow-up of 74.8 months, median PFS with adjustment for pretreatment was prolonged in patients randomly assigned to VRD consolidation (59.3 v 42.9 months, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.96; P = .016). The PFS benefit was observed across most predefined subgroups, including revised International Staging System (ISS) stage, cytogenetics, and prior treatment. Revised ISS3 stage (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.41 to 2.86) and ampl1q (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.37 to 2.04) were significant adverse prognostic factors. The median duration of maintenance was 33 months (interquartile range 13-86 months). Response ≥ complete response (CR) after consolidation versus no consolidation before start of maintenance was 34% versus 18%, respectively (P < .001). Response ≥ CR on protocol including maintenance was 59% with consolidation and 46% without (P < .001). Minimal residual disease analysis by flow cytometry in a subgroup of 226 patients with CR or stringent complete response or very good partial response before start of maintenance demonstrated a 74% minimal residual disease-negativity rate in VRD-treated patients. Toxicity from VRD was acceptable and manageable. CONCLUSION Consolidation treatment with VRD followed by lenalidomide maintenance improves PFS and depth of response in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma as compared to maintenance alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bronno van der Holt
- Department of Hematology, HOVON Data Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Aquino
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, IST Instituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Heinz Ludwig
- Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, c/o Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thilo Zander
- Medical Oncology, Luzerner Kantonshospital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Elena Zamagni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli" and Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ruth Wester
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roman Hajek
- University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Pantani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Dozza
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine, Seràgnoli Institute of Hematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Annamaria Morelli
- Department of Hematology, Transfusion Medicine and Biotechnology Santo Spirito, Civic Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Henrik Gregersen
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nina Gulbrandsen
- Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Petra Cornelisse
- HOVON Data Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rosella Troia
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Oliva
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | | | - KaLung Wu
- Department of Hematology, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paula F Ypma
- Department of Hematology, Haga Ziekenhuis, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Bos
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Luca Pour
- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kantonsspital, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Annemiek Broijl
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Croockewit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Monique C Minnema
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anders Waage
- Department of Hematology, St Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Massimo Offidani
- Clinica di Ematologia, AOU Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe A Palumbo
- Department of Scienze Mediche Chirurgiche e Tecnologie Avanzate "G.F. Ingrassia," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Hospital-Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS S.Orsola-Malpighi, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli," Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Orgul G, Dalva K, Dalva-Aydemir S, Alniacik RG, Donmez HG, Cakar AN, Beksac M, Beksac MS. Significance of inhibitory maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and fetal KIR ligand genotype combinations in placenta related obstetric complications. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103425. [PMID: 34607283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Some maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and fetal KIR ligand genotypes are associated with obstetric complications, such as recurrent miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. However, how KIR/KIR ligand genotypes affect these placenta-related obstetric complications has not been fully understood. We aimed to demonstrate the association of maternal KIR-fetal KIR ligand genotype combinations with immunological/metabolic risk factor associated placenta-related obstetric complications. This study consisted of three groups of pregnant women: 1) Miscarriage group (n = 30), 2) Complicated Pregnancy (CP) group (n = 30), and 3) Control group (n = 30). The observed maternal genotype frequencies of all inhibitory and activating KIRs were similar in all groups (p > 0.05). However, inhibitory 2DL3 was quite frequent in the miscarriage group (p = 0.052). There was no difference between groups in terms of centromeric and telomeric maternal haplotypes (p > 0.05). The fetal group 1 HLA-C genotype was frequently detected in the miscarriage and CP groups with rates of 83.3 % and 93.3 % respectively, while the observed frequency was 70 % in the control group. The fetal group 2 HLA-C genotype was the same in all groups. The results demonstrated significantly less fetal group 2 HLA-C homozygosity in the CP groups when compared to the control group (p = 0.020). The fetal HLA-Bw4 genotype was detected more frequently in the miscarriage and CP groups (p = 0.028 and p = 0.001, respectively). The inhibitory KIR/KIR ligand genotype combinations of 2DL3-C1 and 3DL1-Bw4 were more frequent in the miscarriage and CP groups (p = 0.045 and p = 0.002, respectively). Enhanced NK cell inhibition may be one of the mechanisms underlying placenta-related obstetric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Orgul
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
| | - Klara Dalva
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Nur Cakar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TOBB University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Meral Beksac
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
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Sahebi F, Eikema DJ, Koster L, Kroger N, Meijer E, van Doesum JA, Rovira M, Koc Y, Angelucci E, Blaise D, Sammassimo S, McDonald A, Arroyo CH, Sanchez JF, Forcade E, Castagna L, Stölzel F, Sanz J, Tischer J, Ciceri F, Valcarcel D, Proia A, Hayden PJ, Beksac M, Yakoub-Agha I, Schönland S. Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide for Graft-versus- Host Disease Prophylaxis in Multiple Myeloma Patients Who Underwent Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: First Comparison by Donor Type. A Study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Transplant Cell Ther 2021; 27:999.e1-999.e10. [PMID: 34543768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains among the major causes of treatment failure in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The use of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) is now a well-established and widely used method for GVHD prophylaxis after HLA haploidentical HCT. However, the rationale for using PT-Cy in the setting of matched donor transplantation is less apparent, given the lesser degree of bidirectional alloreactivity. In this retrospective study, we investigated the role of PT-Cy as GVHD prophylaxis in patients with multiple myeloma underoing allo-HCT, among different donor types, to determine cumulative incidence of acute and chronic GVHD and impact on engraftment, progression-free survival (PFS), GVHD-free/relapse- free survival (GRFS), overall survival (OS), and NRM A total of 295 patients with MM underwent allo-HCT using grafts from a matched related donor (MRD; n = 67), matched unrelated donor (MUD; n = 72), mismatched related or unrelated donor (MMRD/MMUD, 1 antigen; n = 27), or haploidentical donor (haplo; n = 129) using PT-Cy between 2012 and 2018. In addition to PT-Cy, agents used in GVHD prophylaxis included calcineurin inhibitors in 239 patients (81%), with mycophenolate mofetil in 184 of those 239 (77%). For grade II-IV acute GVHD, the cumulative incidence at day +100 was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25% to 36%), 9% (95% CI, 5% to 12%) for grade III-IV acute GVHD, and 27% (95% CI, 21% to 32%) for chronic GVHD (limited, 21%; extensive, 6%), with no differences by donor type. The median time to neutrophil engraftment was 19d (95% CI, 18-19), with no significant difference by donor type. The median time to platelet engraftment was delayed in haploidentical donor graft recipients (27 days versus 21 days; P < .001). Two-year OS, PFS, GRFS, and NRM were 51% (95% CI, 45% to 58%), 26% (95% CI, 20% to 32%), 24% (95% CI, 18% to 30%), and 19% (95% CI, 14% to 24%), respectively, with no significant difference between different donor types. In multivariable analyses, compared with the haplo donors, the use of MRDs was associated with significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.6; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.95; P = .029), and the use of MUDs was associated with a significantly higher GRFS (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.97; P = .034). There was a trend toward improved PFS with use of MUDs (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.04; P = .08). Our data show that PT-Cy in MM patients undergoing allo-HCT resulted in low rates of acute and chronic GVHD and led to favorable survival, especially in the matched related donor setting. © 2021 American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Sahebi
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California/ Southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, California; Southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Dirk-Jan Eikema
- European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Data Office, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicolaus Kroger
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Meijer
- Department of Haematology, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap A van Doesum
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Montserrat Rovira
- Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yener Koc
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Medical Park Hospitals, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Didier Blaise
- Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Andrew McDonald
- Department of Hematology, Netcare Pretoria East Hospital, Pretoria Gauteng, South Africa
| | | | - James F Sanchez
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California/ Southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Luca Castagna
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano-Milano, Italy
| | | | - Jaime Sanz
- Medical Clinic III, Grosshadern Clinic, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David Valcarcel
- Hematology Department of Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meral Beksac
- Hematology Department, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Stefan Schönland
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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47
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Richardson PG, Schjesvold F, Weisel K, Moreau P, Anderson LD, White D, Rodriguez-Otero P, Sonneveld P, Engelhardt M, Jenner M, Corso A, Dürig J, Pavic M, Salomo M, Beksac M, Oriol A, Lindsay J, Liberati AM, Galli M, Robak P, Larocca A, Yagci M, Vural F, Kanate AS, Jiang R, Grote L, Peluso T, Dimopoulos M. Pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone at first relapse in lenalidomide-pretreated myeloma: A subanalysis of OPTIMISMM by clinical characteristics. Eur J Haematol 2021; 108:73-83. [PMID: 34496096 PMCID: PMC9293199 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective We evaluated the efficacy and safety of pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (PVd) vs bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd) by age, renal function, and high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities in lenalidomide‐pretreated patients with multiple myeloma at first relapse. Methods OPTIMISMM was a phase 3, multicenter, open‐label, randomized study (NCT01734928; N = 559). The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). Results Overall, 226 patients had received one prior line of therapy. PVd significantly prolonged PFS vs Vd in patients aged ≤65 years (median, 22.0 vs 13.1 months; P = .0258) and >65 years (median, 17.6 vs 9.9 months; P = .0369). Median PFS in patients with renal impairment (RI; creatinine clearance <60 mL/min) was 15.1 months with PVd vs 9.5 months with Vd (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67 [95% CI, 0.34‐1.34]). In patients without RI, median PFS was 22.0 vs 13.1 months (HR, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.27‐0.76]). In patients with high‐risk cytogenetics, median PFS was 14.7 vs 9.9 months (HR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.13‐1.17]). PVd significantly improved overall response rate vs Vd in all subgroups. The safety profile of PVd was consistent with previous reports. Conclusions These findings confirmed the benefits of PVd at first relapse, including in patients with poor prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Richardson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- Oslo Myeloma Center at Oslo University Hospital, KG Jebsen Center for B-Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Larry D Anderson
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Darrell White
- Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jan Dürig
- University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michel Pavic
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Sherbrooke (CHUS), Centre de Recherche Clinique Etienne-Le Bel (CRCELB) Hopital Fleurimont, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Morten Salomo
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Albert Oriol
- Institut Català d'Oncologia I Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jindriska Lindsay
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Kent and Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury, UK
| | | | - Monica Galli
- Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, U.O. di Ematologia, Ispedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Munci Yagci
- Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ruiyun Jiang
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lara Grote
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Teresa Peluso
- Celgene International Sàrl, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Boudry, Switzerland
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Bila J, Katodritou E, Guenova M, Basic-Kinda S, Coriu D, Dapcevic M, Ibricevic-Balic L, Ivanaj A, Karanfilski O, Zver S, Beksac M, Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA. Bone Marrow Microenvironment Interplay and Current Clinical Practice in Multiple Myeloma: A Review of the Balkan Myeloma Study Group. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173940. [PMID: 34501388 PMCID: PMC8432054 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The course of multiple myeloma (MM) is influenced by a variety of factors, including the specificity of the tumour microenvironment (TME). The aim of this review is to provide insight into the interplay of treatment modalities used in the current clinical practice and TME. Bortezomib-based triplets are the standard for MM first-line treatment. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor (PI) which inhibits the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. However, bortezomib is decreasing the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 as well, possibly leading to the escape of extramedullary disease. Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), lenalidomide, and pomalidomide downregulate regulatory T cells (Tregs). Daratumumab, anti-cluster of differentiation 38 (anti-CD38) monoclonal antibody (MoAb), downregulates Tregs CD38+. Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclasts and angiogenesis. Sustained suppression of bone resorption characterises the activity of MoAb denosumab. The plerixafor, used in the process of stem cell mobilisation and harvesting, block the interaction of chemokine receptors CXCR4-CXCL12, leading to disruption of MM cells’ interaction with the TME, and mobilisation into the circulation. The introduction of several T-cell-based immunotherapeutic modalities, such as chimeric-antigen-receptor-transduced T cells (CAR T cells) and bispecific antibodies, represents a new perspective in MM treatment affecting TME immune evasion. The optimal treatment approach to MM patients should be adjusted to all aspects of the individual profile including the TME niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Bila
- Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-638-292-992
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- Department of Hematology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Margarita Guenova
- Laboratory of Haematopathology and Immunology, National Specialised Hospital for Active Treatment of Haematological Diseases, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Sandra Basic-Kinda
- Divison of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Daniel Coriu
- Centre of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Milena Dapcevic
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro;
| | - Lejla Ibricevic-Balic
- Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Arben Ivanaj
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center “Mother Teresa”, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Oliver Karanfilski
- University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Samo Zver
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Tissue Typing Laboratory and Donor Registry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara 06590, Turkey;
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.T.); (M.A.D.)
| | - Meletios Athanassios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.T.); (M.A.D.)
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49
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Chen Y, Li R, Zhu Y, Zhong S, Qian J, Yang D, Jurczyszyn A, Beksac M, Gu C, Yang Y. Corrigendum: Dihydroartemisinin Induces Growth Arrest and Overcomes Dexamethasone Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736373. [PMID: 34368005 PMCID: PMC8343662 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- The Third Affifiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sixia Zhong
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Qian
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongqing Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chunyan Gu
- The Third Affifiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Combination of Acupuncture and Chinese Materia Medica of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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50
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Kastritis E, Palladini G, Minnema MC, Wechalekar AD, Jaccard A, Lee HC, Sanchorawala V, Gibbs S, Mollee P, Venner CP, Lu J, Schönland S, Gatt ME, Suzuki K, Kim K, Cibeira MT, Beksac M, Libby E, Valent J, Hungria V, Wong SW, Rosenzweig M, Bumma N, Huart A, Dimopoulos MA, Bhutani D, Waxman AJ, Goodman SA, Zonder JA, Lam S, Song K, Hansen T, Manier S, Roeloffzen W, Jamroziak K, Kwok F, Shimazaki C, Kim JS, Crusoe E, Ahmadi T, Tran N, Qin X, Vasey SY, Tromp B, Schecter JM, Weiss BM, Zhuang SH, Vermeulen J, Merlini G, Comenzo RL. Daratumumab-Based Treatment for Immunoglobulin Light-Chain Amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:46-58. [PMID: 34192431 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2028631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils of light chains produced by clonal CD38+ plasma cells. Daratumumab, a human CD38-targeting antibody, may improve outcomes for this disease. METHODS We randomly assigned patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis to receive six cycles of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone either alone (control group) or with subcutaneous daratumumab followed by single-agent daratumumab every 4 weeks for up to 24 cycles (daratumumab group). The primary end point was a hematologic complete response. RESULTS A total of 388 patients underwent randomization. The median follow-up was 11.4 months. The percentage of patients who had a hematologic complete response was significantly higher in the daratumumab group than in the control group (53.3% vs. 18.1%) (relative risk ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 4.1; P<0.001). Survival free from major organ deterioration or hematologic progression favored the daratumumab group (hazard ratio for major organ deterioration, hematologic progression, or death, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.93; P = 0.02). At 6 months, more cardiac and renal responses occurred in the daratumumab group than in the control group (41.5% vs. 22.2% and 53.0% vs. 23.9%, respectively). The four most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were lymphopenia (13.0% in the daratumumab group and 10.1% in the control group), pneumonia (7.8% and 4.3%, respectively), cardiac failure (6.2% and 4.8%), and diarrhea (5.7% and 3.7%). Systemic administration-related reactions to daratumumab occurred in 7.3% of the patients. A total of 56 patients died (27 in the daratumumab group and 29 in the control group), most due to amyloidosis-related cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis, the addition of daratumumab to bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone was associated with higher frequencies of hematologic complete response and survival free from major organ deterioration or hematologic progression. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development; ANDROMEDA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03201965.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Kastritis
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Giovanni Palladini
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Monique C Minnema
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Ashutosh D Wechalekar
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Arnaud Jaccard
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Hans C Lee
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Vaishali Sanchorawala
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Simon Gibbs
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Peter Mollee
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Christopher P Venner
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Jin Lu
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Stefan Schönland
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Moshe E Gatt
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Kihyun Kim
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - M Teresa Cibeira
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Meral Beksac
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Edward Libby
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Jason Valent
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Vania Hungria
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Sandy W Wong
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Michael Rosenzweig
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Naresh Bumma
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Antoine Huart
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Divaya Bhutani
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Adam J Waxman
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Stacey A Goodman
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Jeffrey A Zonder
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Selay Lam
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Kevin Song
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Timon Hansen
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Salomon Manier
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Wilfried Roeloffzen
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Krzysztof Jamroziak
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Fiona Kwok
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Chihiro Shimazaki
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Jin-Seok Kim
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Edvan Crusoe
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Tahamtan Ahmadi
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - NamPhuong Tran
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Xiang Qin
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Sandra Y Vasey
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Brenda Tromp
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Jordan M Schecter
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Brendan M Weiss
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Sen H Zhuang
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Jessica Vermeulen
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
| | - Raymond L Comenzo
- From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens (E.K., M.A.D.); the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.P., G.M.); the Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht (M.C.M.), the Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (W.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Leiden (B.T., J. Vermeulen) - all in the Netherlands; University College London, London (A.D.W.); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges (A.J.), Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'Organes, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse (A.H.), and the Department of Hematology, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille (S.M.) - all in France; the Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (H.C.L.); the Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center (V.S.), and the Division of Hematology/Oncology, John C. Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Tufts Medical Center (R.L.C.) - both in Boston; the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC (S.G.), the Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane (P.M.), and the Department of Clinical Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW (F.K.) - all in Australia; Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.), the Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London Regional Cancer Program, Western University, London, ON (S.L.), and the Division of Hematology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Song) - all in Canada; Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Beijing (J.L.); Medical Department V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (S.S.), and Hämatologisch-Onkologische Praxis Altona, Hamburg (T.H.) - both in Germany; the Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem (M.E.G.); the Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo (K. Suzuki), and the Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto (C.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (K.K.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine (J.-S.K.) - both in Seoul, South Korea; the Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T.C.); the Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (E.L.); the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (J. Valent), and the Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus (N.B.) - both in Ohio; Clínica São Germano, São Paulo (V.H.), and Clinica CEHON, Rede D'Or Oncologia, Salvador (E.C.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (S.W.W.), the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Duarte (M.R.), and Janssen Research and Development, Los Angeles (N.T.) - all in California; the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (D.B.); the Penn Amyloidosis Program, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.J.W.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (X.Q., S.Y.V., B.M.W.) - both in Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (S.A.G.); the Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit (J.A.Z.); the Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (K.J.); and Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.M.S., S.H.Z.) - both in New Jersey
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