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Dignass A, Danese S, Matsuoka K, Ferrante M, Long M, Redondo I, Gibble TH, Moses R, Li X, Morris N, Milch C, Abreu M, Jones J. A185 SUSTAINED SYMPTOM CONTROL WITH MIRIKIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATELY TO SEVERELY ACTIVE ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN THE LUCENT-2 MAINTENANCE TRIAL. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991200 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mirikizumab (miri) improved symptom control in a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled induction study at Week (W)12, in patients (pts) with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis (UC; LUCENT-1). Purpose This analysis assessed sustained symptom control during the maintenance phase through W40 (W52 of continuous therapy), among pts who were induced into clinical response with miri. Method During the 40W maintenance study (LUCENT-2), pts (N=544) who achieved clinical response to miri 300mg Q4W by W12 of induction, were re-randomized 2:1 to subcutaneous (SC) miri 200mg (n=365) or PBO Q4W (n=179). We evaluated sustained control of stool frequency (SF), rectal bleeding (RB), bowel movement urgency (BU) and abdominal pain (AP). The proportion of pts achieving SF Remission (defined as SF=0, or SF=1 with a ≥1-point decrease from induction baseline [BL]), RB Remission (RB=0), Symptomatic Remission (both SF and RB Remission), Stable Maintenance of Symptomatic Remission (defined as pts in Symptomatic Remission for at least 7 out of 9 visits from W4 to W36 and also at Week 40 among pts in Symptomatic Remission and Clinical Response at the end of LUCENT-1), and AP Improvement (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] pain score ≥30% improvement from BL in pts with baseline AP NRS ≥3) were assessed. BU NRS change from baseline, and the proportion of pts achieving BU Remission (NRS 0 or 1 in pts with BU NRS ≥3 at baseline) were evaluated. Result(s) A greater proportion of miri-treated pts achieved SF Remission, RB Remission and Symptomatic Remission compared to PBO at W40 (Table), with significant differences observed from W8 of LUCENT-2 (p=0.042; p=0.004; p=0.036, respectively) and maintained through W40. Miri-treated pts had a significantly higher percentage of Stable Maintenance of Symptomatic Remission (p<0.001). Pts in the miri-treatment group had a significantly greater mean reduction in BU NRS change from induction BL starting at W12 (p=0.034) onwards compared to PBO (Table). Pts assigned to miri accrued an additional 13.6 percentage-point benefit in BU Remission during the first 8W of maintenance therapy and achieved a significant greater improvement at W40 compared to PBO (p<0.001, Table). Similarly, AP was significantly improved for the miri-treated group starting at W16 (p=0.034) onwards compared to PBO. Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) Miri provides sustained control of UC symptoms including BU, RB, and SF compared to PBO in pts with moderately to severely active UC. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding; Eli Lilly and Company Disclosure of Interest A. Dignass Consultant of: AbbVie, Abivax, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb (Celgene), Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma; has received lecture fees or honoraria from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos, High5Md, Janssen, Materia, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Sandoz, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma, S. Danese Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Allergan, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Athos Therapeutics, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Hospira, Inotrem, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mundipharma, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz Sublimity, Takeda, TiGenix, UCB Pharma, and Vifor Pharma, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Mylan, Pfizer, and Takeda, K. Matsuoka Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon; lecture fees from: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon, M. Ferrante Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Janssen Cilag, Pfizer, Takeda, and Viatris, Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Cilag, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Lamepro, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, M. Long Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calibr, Eli Lilly and Company, Genentech, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, Roche, Takeda, TARGET PharmaSolutions, and Theravance Biopharma, I. Redondo Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, R. Moses Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, X. Li Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, N. Morris Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Milch Employee of: Former employee, was employed at Eli Lilly and Company at the time of study, M. Abreu Grant / Research support from: Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Microba Life Sciences, Prometheus Biosciences, UCB Pharma, and WebMD, Speakers bureau of: Alimentiv, Intellisphere LLC (HCP Live Institutional Perspectives in GI), Janssen, Prime CME, and Takeda, J. Jones: None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dignass
- Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Medizinische Klinik I, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Danese
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University - IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - K Matsuoka
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ferrante
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Long
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - I Redondo
- Produtos Farmacêuticos, Lda., Eli Lilly Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - R Moses
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - X Li
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - N Morris
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - C Milch
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - M Abreu
- Miller School of Medicine, Crohn's and Colitis Center, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - J Jones
- Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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Sands BE, Feagan B, Gibble TH, Traxler KA, Morris N, Li X, Schreiber S, Jairath V, Armuzzi A, Jones J. A31 MIRIKIZUMAB IMPROVES QUALITY OF LIFE IN MODERATELY-TO-SEVERELY ACTIVE UC: IMPROVEMENT IN IBDQ SCORES IN PARTICIPANTS OF LUCENT-1 AND LUCENT-2 RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PHASE 3 TRIALS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991148 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) is a measure of health-related quality of life (QoL), with higher scores indicating greater QoL. In a prior phase 2 study (NCT02589665), mirikizumab, an anti-IL23p19 antibody, demonstrated efficacy and improvement in IBDQ scores in participants with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). Purpose This analysis evaluated effect of mirikizumab (miri) vs placebo (PBO) on IBDQ scores in patients (pts) with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) who had failed prior conventional or biologic therapy in a Phase 3, double-blind, 12-week (W) induction study (LUCENT-1) followed by a 40W maintenance study (LUCENT-2) for a total of 52W continuous therapy. Method Pts (N=1162) in LUCENT-1 were randomized 3:1 to receive 300mg miri or PBO intravenously once every four weeks (Q4W). 544 pts who achieved Modified Mayo Score Clinical Response to miri by W12 of induction were rerandomized 2:1 in LUCENT-2 to subcutaneous miri 200mg or PBO Q4W in maintenance period. Randomization was stratified by previous biologic therapy failure, baseline corticosteroid use, and region. LUCENT-1 stratification included baseline (BL) disease activity, and LUCENT-2 included LUCENT-1 clinical remission status. The least squares mean change from BL in IBDQ scores at W12 of induction and W40 of maintenance was determined using analysis of covariance models. BL was W0 of therapy and stratification factors and BL scores were used as covariates. The Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) was defined as an improvement of ≥16 points in total IBDQ score (IBDQ response) and IBDQ remission as a total score ≥170 points. IBDQ response and remission were calculated using non-responder imputations. Treatments were compared using the common risk difference (risk diff). Result(s) Miri treatment resulted in significantly greater improvement from BL in IBDQ total and domain scores vs PBO at both W12 of induction and W40 of maintenance (52W treatment) (Table). The proportions of pts who achieved an IBDQ response was significantly greater for miri treated pts vs PBO at W12 (risk diff =17.1[95%CI:10.7, 23.5]) and W40 (29.5 [21.0, 37.9]). Significantly greater proportions of pts receiving miri achieved IBDQ remission at W12 (18.1 [11.8, 24.4]) and W40 (28.5 [20.1, 37.0]) vs PBO (all evaluations and timepoints: p<0.001). Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) Pts reported significantly greater improvements in IBDQ scores at induction and maintenance with miri compared to PBO. Over 75% of pts achieved a clinically meaningful improvement in QoL, as measured by IBDQ response, at the end of the 52 weeks of miri treatment. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding; Eli Lilly and Company Disclosure of Interest B. Sands Consultant of: Abivax, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Artugen Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Bacainn Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calibr, Celltrion, ClostraBio, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Evommune, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Gossamer Bio, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Innovation Pharmaceuticals, Inotrem, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Kaleido Biosciences, Kallyope, MiroBio, Morphic Therapeutic, MRM Health, Pfizer, Progenity, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Protagonist Therapeutics, Q32 Bio, Surrozen, Takeda, Teva, TLL Pharmaceutical, USWM Enterprises, and Viela Bio, B. Feagan Shareholder of: Gossamer Bio, Consultant of: AbbVie, AdMIRx, AgomAb Therapeutics, Akebia Therapeutics, Alivio Therapeutics, Allakos, Amgen, Applied Molecular Transport, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Avir Pharma, Azora Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Celgene/Bristol Myers Squibb, Connect BioPharma, Cytoki Pharma, Disc Medicine, Ecor1 Capital, Eli Lilly and Company, Equillium, Everest Clinical Research, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Galen/Atlantica, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, Gossamer Bio, HotSpot Therapeutics, Imhotex, ImmuNext, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Intact Therapeutics, Janssen, Japan Tobacco, Kaleido Biosciences, Leadiant Biosciences, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, MiroBio, Morphic Therapeutics, Mylan, Novartis, OM Pharma, Origo Biopharma, Otsuka, Pandion Therapeutics, Pfizer, Progenity, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, PTM Therapeutics, Q32 Bio, Rebiotix, RedHill, Biopharma, Redx Pharma, Sandoz, Sanofi, Seres Therapeutics, Surrozen, Takeda, Teva, Thelium Therapeutics, Theravance Biopharma, TiGenix, Tillotts Pharma AG, UCB Pharma, VHsquared, Viatris, Ysios Capital, and Zealand Pharma, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, K. Traxler Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, N. Morris Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, X. Li Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, S. Schreiber Grant / Research support from: personal fees and/or travel support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, I-MAB Biopharma, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Provention Bio, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Shire, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, V. Jairath Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Asieris Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Flagship Pioneering, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Pandion Therapeutics, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Reistone Biopharma, Roche, Sandoz, Second Genome, Shire, Takeda, Teva, Topivert, Ventyx Biosciences, and Vividion Therapeutics, A. Armuzzi Consultant of: AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, and TiGenix, J. Jones: None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Sands
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - B Feagan
- Gastroenterology, Alimentiv Inc., London, Canada
| | - T H Gibble
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, United States
| | - K A Traxler
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, United States
| | - N Morris
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, United States
| | - X Li
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, United States
| | - S Schreiber
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - A Armuzzi
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - J Jones
- Division of Digestive Care and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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Danese S, Dignass A, Matsuoka K, Ferrante M, Long M, Redondo I, Gibble TH, Moses R, Morris N, Li X, Milch C, Abreu M, Jones J. A184 EARLY SYMPTOM CONTROL WITH MIRIKIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATELY TO SEVERELY ACTIVE ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN THE LUCENT-1 INDUCTION TRIAL. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991172 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mirikizumab (miri), an anti-IL23/p19 monoclonal antibody, demonstrated efficacy compared with placebo (PBO) in the Phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind LUCENT-1 induction study in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC, NCT03518086). Purpose This analysis assessed early onset of symptomatic improvement and symptomatic control during induction. Method During the 12-week (W) induction study, 1162 adult patients (pts) with inadequate response, loss of response, or were intolerant to conventional therapy or biologic or tofacitinib therapy for UC, received miri IV Q4W (N=868) or PBO (N=294). We evaluated improvement for symptoms of stool frequency (SF), rectal bleeding (RB) and bowel movement urgency (BU), abdominal pain and fatigue. BU Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) change from baseline (BL), BU Clinical Meaningful Improvement (CMI), BU Remission, Fatigue NRS change from BL, Abdominal Pain Improvement, as well as SF Remission, RB Remission, Symptomatic Response and Symptomatic Remission were assessed. Result(s) As early as W2, miri-treated pts achieved a significantly greater reduction in RB subscores (p=0.001) and in SF subscores (p=0.035). From W2 and W4, a significantly greater percentage achieved SF Remission and RB Remission, respectively compared to PBO. A significantly greater percentage of miri-treated pts achieved Symptomatic Response compared to PBO from W2 (p=0.003) and of Symptomatic Remission compared with PBO from W4 (p<0.001). Miri-treated pts showed a significantly greater mean reduction in BU NRS scores as early as W2 compared to PBO (p=0.004). From W4, a significantly greater percentage of miri-treated pts achieved BU CMI versus PBO (p=0.044). From W7 onwards, a significantly greater percentage achieved BU Remission (p=0.002). The pts showed a significantly greater mean reduction in Fatigue NRS scores from W2 compared to PBO (p=0.014). As early as W4, a significant reduction of at least 30% in Abdominal Pain NRS score from BL was observed in the miri-treated pts compared with PBO (p=0.007). At W12, a significantly greater proportion of miri-treated pts achieved Symptomatic Response, Symptomatic Remission, RB Remission, SF Remission, BU change from BL, BU CMI and Remission, as well as Fatigue and Abdominal Pain Improvement, compared to PBO (Table). Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) Miri provides rapid control of UC symptoms, including BU and fatigue, as early as W2 compared with PBO in pts with moderately to severely active UC. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding; Eli Lilly and Company Disclosure of Interest S. Danese Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Allergan, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Athos Therapeutics, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Hospira, Inotrem, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mundipharma, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz Sublimity, Takeda, TiGenix, UCB Pharma, and Vifor Pharma, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Mylan, Pfizer, and Takeda, A. Dignass Consultant of: AbbVie, Abivax, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb (Celgene), Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos, High5Md, Janssen, Materia, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Sandoz, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma, K. Matsuoka Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon, M. Ferrante Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Janssen Cilag, Pfizer, Takeda, and Viatris, Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Cilag, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Lamepro, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, M. Long Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calibr, Eli Lilly and Company, Genentech, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, Roche, Takeda, TARGET PharmaSolutions, and Theravance Biopharma, I. Redondo Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, R. Moses Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, N. Morris Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, X. Li Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Milch Employee of: former employee, was employed at Eli Lilly and Company at the time of study, M. Abreu Grant / Research support from: Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Microba Life Sciences, Prometheus Biosciences, UCB Pharma, and WebMD, Speakers bureau of: Alimentiv, Intellisphere LLC (HCP Live Institutional Perspectives in GI), Janssen, Prime CME, and Takeda, J. Jones: None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
- S Danese
- Gastrointestinal immunopathology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University - IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Dignass
- Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Medizinische Klinik I, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Matsuoka
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ferrante
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Long
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - I Redondo
- Produtos Farmacêuticos, Lda., Eli Lilly Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - R Moses
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - N Morris
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - X Li
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - C Milch
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis
| | - M Abreu
- Miller School of Medicine, Crohn's and Colitis Center, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - J Jones
- Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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Grossman D, Raifman S, Morris N, Biggs MA, Arena A, Bachrach L, Beaman J, Collins A, Gold M, Hannum C, Ho S, Middleton T, Schwarz EB, Tocce K, Seibold-Simpson S, Sobota M, Wohler D. P025Mail-order pharmacy dispensing of mifepristone for medication abortion after in-person clinical assessment. Contraception 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Biggs M, Ehrenreich K, Morris N, Blanchard K, Bustamante C, Choimorrow S, Hauser D, Hernandez Y, Kapp N, Kromenaker T, Moayedi G, Perritt J, Ralph L, Raymond E, Valladares E, White K, Grossman D. Comprehension of an Over-the-counter Drug Facts Label Prototype for a Mifepristone and Misoprostol Medication Abortion Product. Contraception 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rutstein A, Baldini M, Morris N, Atherton J, McCormack L, Wong Y, Dashwood A, Wee Y, McKenzie S, Wang W, Hill J, Denman R, Ng K, Haqqani H. Embedding Genetic Counselling Into Cardiology Clinics: Case Studies From a Queensland Cardiology Genomics Service. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Baldini M, Rutstein A, Morris N. Getting to the Heart of Genomics: Mainstreaming Cardiology Genomics in Queensland. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bourne M, Duhig S, Hajek M, Headrick J, Mingin C, Morris N, Roberts L, Shield A, Williams M. Relationships between trunk morphology and strength with non-contact lower limb injuries in elite rugby league and Australian football players. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Grossman D, Raifman S, Morris N, Arena A, Bachrach LR, Beaman J, Biggs MA, Hannum C, Ho S, Schwarz EB, Gold M. POSTER ABSTRACTS. Contraception 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Biggs M, Ralph L, Morris N, Ehrenreich K, Perritt J, Kapp N, Raymond E, Grossman D. P8 ‘Abortion patients’ interest in obtaining medication abortion over-the-counter (OTC). Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Peterson ML, Gandhi NR, Clennon J, Nelson KN, Morris N, Ismail N, Allana S, Campbell A, Brust JCM, Auld SC, Mathema B, Mlisana K, Moodley P, Shah NS. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis 'hotspots' and sociodemographic associations in Durban, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:720-727. [PMID: 31315705 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> In KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, the incidence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is driven by the transmission of resistant strains. As data suggest that cases may be spatially clustered, we sought to identify 'hotspots' and describe these communities. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> We enrolled XDR-TB patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2014 in eThekwini. Global positioning system (GPS) coordinates for participant homes were collected and hotspots were identified based on population-adjusted XDR-TB incidence. The sociodemographic features of hotspots were characterised using census data. For a subset of participants, we mapped non-home XDR-TB congregate locations and compared these with results including only homes. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Among 132 participants, 75 (57%) were female and 87 (66%) lived in urban or suburban locations. Fifteen of 197 census tracts were identified as XDR-TB hotspots with ≥95% confidence. Four spatial mapping methods identified one large hotspot in northeastern eThekwini. Hotspot communities had higher proportions of low educational attainment (12% vs. 9%) and unemployment (29.3% vs. 20.4%), and lower proportion of homes with flush toilets (36.4% vs. 68.9%). The case density shifted towards downtown Durban when congregate locations (e.g., workplaces) for 43 (33%) participants were mapped. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> In eThekwini, XDR-TB case homes were clustered into hotspots with more poverty indicators than non-hotspots. Prevention efforts targeting hotspot communities and congregate settings may be effective in reducing community transmission. </sec>.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Peterson
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - N R Gandhi
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J Clennon
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - K N Nelson
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - N Morris
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg
| | - N Ismail
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S Allana
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - A Campbell
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - J C M Brust
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - S C Auld
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - B Mathema
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - K Mlisana
- National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - P Moodley
- National Health Laboratory Service, Durban
| | - N S Shah
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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O'Donnell R, Jack-Roberts C, Killie N, Klatt K, Courville A, Schoenfeld M, Bernstein S, Zambell K, Morris N, Huang W, Rotman Y. A Multi-component Dietary Intervention to Reduce Weight and Liver Fat in NAFLD Patients. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Khan Z, Morris N, Unterrainer H, Haiden N, Holasek SJ, Urlesberger B. Effect of standardized feeding protocol on nutrient supply and postnatal growth of preterm infants: A prospective study. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2018; 11:11-19. [PMID: 29689751 DOI: 10.3233/npm-18179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is a medical emergency and it is becoming evident that adequate nutrition starting in the first hours of life is of major importance for short and even more so for long-term health outcomes of the premature newborn. The aim was to analyze postnatal nutrient supply and growth patterns of preterm infants in response to a standardized feeding protocol during stay at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted at NICU, Children Hospital Graz. Infants were divided in two groups:<28 weeks (Extremely preterm infants, EPI); ≥28 weeks (very preterm infants, VPI). RESULTS EPI compared to VPI stayed longer on parenteral nutrition and needed more time to reach full enteral nutrition, required more days on ventilation and had a higher corrected age at discharge. Moreover, fortification of enteral feeds was initiated later in EPI group (p < 0.001). As a consequence, cumulative supply of protein, fat and energy was significantly lower in EPI. However, both groups exceeded the European Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recommended glucose intake in week 5. At discharge, we found significant differences in all growth parameters (weight Z scores: EPI = - 1.19 vs VPI = - 0.71, length Z scores: EPI = - 1.62 vs VPI = - 0.84; HC Z scores: EPI = - 1.19 vs VPI = - 0.46). CONCLUSIONS Provision of aggressive parenteral nutrition during first 3 weeks of life and earlier fortification should be ensured. The use of mother milk fortifier resulted in glucose intake above the ESPGHAN recommendations in later weeks - this needs to be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Khan
- Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Morris
- Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - H Unterrainer
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - N Haiden
- Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - S J Holasek
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - B Urlesberger
- Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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Almashali M, McDowell G, Morris N, Body R. P821Absolute and relative changes (delta) cardiac troponin I using a contemporary point of care assay for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Almashali
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Department of Healthcare Science, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - G McDowell
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Department of Healthcare Science, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - N Morris
- University of Manchester, Cardiovascular Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Body
- University of Manchester, Cardiovascular Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Humphrey E, Morris N, Leighton M, Rahmani R, Rahnejat H. Multiscale Friction in Lubricant-Surface Systems for High-Performance Transmissions Under Mild Wear. Tribol Lett 2018; 66:77. [PMID: 30956512 PMCID: PMC6417399 DOI: 10.1007/s11249-018-1032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The lubricant-surface system is complex in nature and can significantly affect the frictional performance of high-performance transmission systems. The complexity stems from the coupled mechanical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interfacial tooth conjunctions. A combined analytical and precision experimental approach is presented to analyse the salient parameters of the lubricant-surface system. A multiscale procedure comprising topographical measurement, pin-on-disc tribometry, atomic force microscopy in lateral force mode, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy and continuum contact mechanics analysis under mixed non-Newtonian thermo-elastohydrodynamics is used to describe the formation of a tribo-film, as well as wear and frictional characteristics of the lubricant-surface system. The contribution of chemisorbed and physisorbed bonded tribo-film on the boundary coefficient of friction is ascertained at different physical scales. Therefore, the paper presents a novel multiscale analysis, promoting improved understanding of the complex interactions between mechanisms of friction, wear and surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Humphrey
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - N. Morris
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - M. Leighton
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - R. Rahmani
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - H. Rahnejat
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Lin A, Strugnell W, Seale H, Morris N. Evaluation of Outpatient Exercise Training on Biventricular Function in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Using Exercise Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Pilot Study. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lin A, Seale H, Hamilton-Craig C, Morris N, Strugnell W. Quantification of Biventricular Strain and Assessment of Ventricular Interaction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Using Exercise Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Myocardial Feature Tracking. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hwang R, Bruning J, Morris N, Mandrusiak A, Russell T. Cost–Utility Analysis of Home-Based Tele–Rehabilitation Compared with Centre-Based Programme in Patients with Heart Failure. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
We deal with the following question: Can the consumption of contaminated bush meat, the funeral practices and the environmental contamination explain the recurrence and persistence of Ebola virus disease outbreaks in Africa? We develop an SIR-type model which, incorporates both the direct and indirect transmissions in such a manner that there is a provision of Ebola viruses. We prove that the full model has one (endemic) equilibrium which is locally asymptotically stable whereas, it is globally asymptotically stable in the absence of the Ebola virus shedding in the environment. For the sub-model without the provision of Ebola viruses, the disease dies out or stabilizes globally at an endemic equilibrium. At the endemic level, the number of infectious is larger for the full model than for the sub-model without provision of Ebola viruses. We design a nonstandard finite difference scheme, which preserves the dynamics of the model. Numerical simulations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Berge
- a Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
- b Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences , University of Dschang , Dschang , Cameroon
| | - J M-S Lubuma
- a Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - G M Moremedi
- c Department of Mathematical Sciences , University of South Africa , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - N Morris
- d Department of Forensic Medicine , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - R Kondera-Shava
- e Department of Mathematical Sciences , University of Botswana , Gaborone , Botswana
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Lin A, Seale H, Trotter A, Morris N, Strugnell W. Quantitative Longitudinal Myocardial Strain Analysis at Rest and During Exercise Using Cardiac MRI Feature Tracking Identifies Subclinical Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Pulmonary Hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Baydoun A, Traughber B, Morris N, McGraw M, Podder T, Muzic R, Lo S, Ponsky L, Machtay M, Ellis R. Outcomes and Toxicities in Patients Treated With Definitive Focal Therapy for Primary Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Licata A, Morris N, Daggitt C, Mano Q. C-56The “Bouba-Kiki” Effect and Performance on Standardized Reading Measures of Orthographic-Phonological Mappings. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hwang R, Bruning J, Mandrusiak A, Morris N, Russell T. Providing Heart Failure Rehabilitation in the Home via Telerehabilitation. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Morris N. Book Review: Childbirth in Developing Countries. J R Soc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/014107688407701231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Morris
- Professor of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Charing Cross Hospital Medical School, London
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VanDevanter DR, Flume PA, Morris N, Konstan MW. Probability of IV antibiotic retreatment within thirty days is associated with duration and location of IV antibiotic treatment for pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2016; 15:783-790. [PMID: 27139161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few objective data to guide management of cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations. We studied intravenous (IV) antibiotic treatment failure as defined by a need to retreat patients with IV antibiotics within 30days of completion of a prior IV antibiotic treatment for pulmonary exacerbation. METHODS The first IV-treated exacerbation on or after Jan. 1, 2010 among US CF Foundation Patient Registry patients was studied, combining treatments separated by <7days into single treatments. IV treatment duration categories were: 1-4, 5-8, 9-12, 13-16, 17-22, and ≥23days (inclusive). Logistic regressions for IV retreatment in ≤30days were adjusted with 12 categorical covariates, including age, sex, lung function, prior-year exacerbations, CF complications, CF Care Program, and ever/never treated in hospital. RESULTS 777 of 13,579 patients (5.7%) were retreated within 30days, with incidence varying by treatment duration: 1-4days, 8.7%; 5-8days; 6.6%; 9-12days, 3.2%; 13-16days, 4.5%; 17-22days, 6.2%; ≥23days, 10.3% and hospitalization: ever, 5.0%; never 8.5%. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for retreatment (compared to 13-16days treatment) were: 1-4days, 1.94 [95%CI 1.49, 2.54] P<.001; 5-8days, 1.55 [1.18, 2.04] P=.002; 9-12days, 0.78 [0.58, 1.04] P=.09; 17-22days, 1.12 [0.88, 1.42] P=.37; ≥23days, 1.46 [1.12, 1.91] P=.005. Adjusted retreatment OR for never/ever hospitalized was 1.57 [1.29, 1.90] P<.001. Prior-year exacerbation number, oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation, and female sex were significantly associated with retreatment. Modeling hazard rate time-dependence showed that treatment duration and location-associated hazard rates attenuated within a few months after treatment. CONCLUSION After adjustment for covariates known to be associated with increased risk of IV treatment for exacerbation, IV antibiotic treatments of <9 and ≥23days and those without hospitalization were significant risk factors for IV retreatment within 30days of completion of an exacerbation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R VanDevanter
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - P A Flume
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - N Morris
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M W Konstan
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Hammer A, Li X, Morris N, Cannon A, Earley Z, Kovacs E, Choudhry M. Alcohol and Burn Injury Decreases STAT3 Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.998.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Hammer
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
| | - X. Li
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
| | - N. Morris
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
| | - A Cannon
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
| | - Z. Earley
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
| | - E. Kovacs
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
| | - M. Choudhry
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences DivisionMaywoodILUnited States
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Hwang R, Morris N, Mandrusiak A, Mudge A, Suna J, Adsett J, Russell T. Timed up and go test: A reliable test in patients with chronic heart failure? Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
The X-ray mammogram remains the cornerstone of most public health programmes aimed at the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Its virtues of safety, reliability and cheapness maintain its established position, and Western social and cultural traditions of ambivalence to pain push any questions concerning the painfulness of the procedure into the background. As part of a larger UK/USA-based empirical study, we undertook a qualitative analysis of women's accounts of pain experienced in mammograms and their reaction to it, comparing their accounts with professional views and advice to patients as reflected in interviews, patient leaflets and practice guidelines. We found considerable variability of experience and reaction to pain among patients, and indications of similar variability in professionals' views and practice, contrasting with a uniformly reassuring message in formal institutional advice. We suggest that in practice professional work-arounds and patients' felt obligation to tolerate pain bridge this gap, but that action to tackle the problems of dropout and the emotional and operational costs of the current system is nonetheless needed. The need is for concerned groups to combine to establish a serious and sustained programme of amelioration and innovative technological development to assure more compassionate patient care and operational efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Morris
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, University College London, London, UK
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Morris N, Keane S, Calkins S, Shanahan L, O’Brien M. Differential Components of Reactivity and Attentional Control Predicting Externalizing Behavior. J Appl Dev Psychol 2014; 35:121-127. [PMID: 27076694 PMCID: PMC4827267 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Morris
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA, Phone +1(404) 944-2669; Fax +1(336) 256-0029
| | - S. Keane
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA, Phone +1(404) 944-2669; Fax +1(336) 256-0029
| | - S. Calkins
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA, Phone +1(404) 944-2669; Fax +1(336) 256-0029
| | - L. Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA, Phone +1(404) 944-2669; Fax +1(336) 256-0029
| | - M. O’Brien
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA, Phone +1(404) 944-2669; Fax +1(336) 256-0029
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Kolb J, Kitzler TM, Tauber T, Morris N, Skrabal F, Kotanko P. Proto-dialytic cardiac function relates to intra-dialytic morbid events. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 26:1645-51. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
After varying lengths of baseline, initiation of a feedback system increased the daily use of operant training methods by non-professional hall personnel in a state institution for retarded children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Panyan
- State Home and Training School, Wheatridge, Colorado
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Chaparro A, Tokuda S, Morris N. Effects of visual-spatial and verbal working memory load on visual attention and driving performance. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Morris N, Downs D, Chaparro A. The effect of simulated cataracts on speech intelligibility. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hirschhorn A, Mungovan S, Richards D, Morris N, Adams L. Stationary Cycling Is as Effective as Walking in Phase I Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dalzell N, Kaptoge S, Morris N, Berthier A, Koller B, Braak L, van Rietbergen B, Reeve J. Bone micro-architecture and determinants of strength in the radius and tibia: age-related changes in a population-based study of normal adults measured with high-resolution pQCT. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:1683-94. [PMID: 19152051 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY We recruited a population-based sample of 58 males and 74 females aged 20-79 from a primary care medical practice to provide normative and descriptive data for high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) parameters. Important effects of ageing and contrasts in the effects of sex on the micro-architecture and strength of upper and lower limb bones were revealed. INTRODUCTION The advent of high-resolution pQCT scanners has permitted non-invasive assessment of structural data on cortical and trabecular bone. METHODS We investigated age-related changes in pQCT and finite element (FE) modelling parameters at the distal radius and distal tibia in a population-based cross-sectional study of 58 males and 74 females aged 20-79 years. Linear regression models including quadratic terms for age were used for inference. RESULTS Age-related changes and sex differences were generally similar for pQCT parameters at the radius and tibia. At each site, mean values for bone density, cortical thickness and trabecular micro-architecture (number, separation and thickness) were lower (trabecular separation higher) in women than men. Changes with age were most apparent for bone density and cortical thickness, which declined with age, in contrast to trabecular micro-architecture parameters which were not significantly associated with age (p > 0.05) in either sex. Cortical bone density and thickness declined faster in women than men after age 50 and trabecular bone density was consistently lower in women. FE-analysis predicted failure load decreased with age and percentage of load carried by trabecular bone increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data show contrasts in the effects of sex on the micro-architecture and strength of upper and lower limb bones with ageing. The faster decline in cortical bone thickness and density in women than men after age 50 and consistently lower trabecular bone density in women have implications for the excess risks of wrist and hip fractures in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dalzell
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Morris N. Current Fertility Control Discussion on Oral Contraceptives. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/01443618409073729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Morris N. Towards a Protection Strategy for UNRWA. Refugee Survey Quarterly 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/rsq/hdp027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Newport DJ, Brennan PA, Green P, Ilardi D, Whitfield TH, Morris N, Knight BT, Stowe ZN. Maternal depression and medication exposure during pregnancy: comparison of maternal retrospective recall to prospective documentation. BJOG 2008; 115:681-8. [PMID: 18410650 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.01701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Outcome investigations of prenatal maternal depression and psychotropic exposure rely extensively on maternal retrospective recall. This study compared postnatal recall to prospective documentation of illness and medication exposures. DESIGN Prospective cohort and retrospective case-control studies. SETTING Emory Women's Mental Health Program (prospective study) and Emory University Department of Psychology (retrospective study). SAMPLE A total of 164 women who participated in both the prospective and retrospective studies. METHODS Women with a history of mental illness were followed during pregnancy for prospective prenatal assessments of depression and medication exposures. At 6 months postpartum, some of these women also participated in a retrospective study during which they were asked to recall prenatal depression and medication use. Agreement between prospective and retrospective documentation of exposures was analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Occurrence of maternal depression during pregnancy and maternal use of pharmacological agents during pregnancy. RESULTS There was only moderate agreement (k = 0.42) in prospective versus retrospective reporting of prenatal depression. Positive predictive value for recalling depression was 90.4%; however, negative predictive value for denying depression was only 53.8%. Participants accurately recalled psychotropic use but significantly underreported use of nonpsychotropic medications. CONCLUSIONS Studies using retrospective data collection may be susceptible to systematic recall bias with underreporting of maternal depression and use of nonpsychotropic agents during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Newport
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Ivanova AV, Ivanov SV, Pascal V, Lumsden JM, Ward JM, Morris N, Tessarolo L, Anderson SK, Lerman MI. Autoimmunity, spontaneous tumourigenesis, and IL-15 insufficiency in mice with a targeted disruption of the tumour suppressor gene Fus1. J Pathol 2007; 211:591-601. [PMID: 17318811 DOI: 10.1002/path.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Fus1 gene resides in the critical 3p21.3 human chromosomal region deleted in lung and breast cancers. Recently, the tumour suppressor properties of Fus1 were confirmed experimentally by intra-tumoural administration of Fus1 that suppressed experimental lung metastasis in mice. We generated Fus1-deficient mice that were viable, fertile, and demonstrated a complex immunological phenotype. Animals with a disrupted Fus1 gene developed signs of autoimmune disease, such as vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, anaemia, circulating autoantibodies, and showed an increased frequency of spontaneous vascular tumours. Preliminary analysis of immune cell populations revealed a consistent defect in NK cell maturation in Fus1 null mice that correlated with changes in the expression of IL-15. Injection of IL-15 into Fus1 knockout mice completely rescued the NK cell maturation defect. Based on these results, we propose the hypothesis that Fus1 deficiency affects NK cell maturation through the reduction of IL-15 production but does not directly alter their developmental capacity. Since acquired immunity was not affected in Fus1-deficient animals, we suggest a relationship between the Fus1 protein and the regulation of innate immunity via IL-15 production. The increased frequency of spontaneous cancers and the development of an autoimmune syndrome in Fus1 null mice imply that these mice could serve as a model for studying molecular mechanisms of anti-tumour immunity and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Ivanova
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - S V Ivanov
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - V Pascal
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - J M Lumsden
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - J M Ward
- Comparative Medicine Branch, NIAID, & SoBran, Inc., Rockville, MD 20892 USA
| | - N Morris
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - L Tessarolo
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - S K Anderson
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - M I Lerman
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morris
- The Institute of Physiology, University of Glasgow, The Biochemical Laboratory of the University Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, and The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Ayr
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Affiliation(s)
- N Morris
- The Department of Paediatrics, Glasgow University, and the Biochemical Department, Royal Hospital for Sick Children
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Egbor M, Ansari T, Morris N, Green CJ, Sibbons PD. Pre-eclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction: How Morphometrically Different is the Placenta? Placenta 2006; 27:727-34. [PMID: 16125226 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2005] [Revised: 06/10/2005] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Both pre-eclampsia (PET) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) pose a heavy burden on fetal and maternal health and may disrupt pregnancy outcome. Using design based stereological techniques, placental vascular and villous morphology were assessed to determine the individual role played by both PET and FGR on placental growth during the third trimester. The following placentas delivered between 25 and 41 weeks of gestation were included into the study; controls (n=16), PET (n=20), FGR (n=17) and PET-FGR (n=16). Each placenta was uniformly randomly sampled and the sampled tissue processed to paraffin. Sections were stained with a CD34 antibody and the following morphometric parameters estimated: volumes, surface areas, length, diameters and the shape factor of the villous (terminal and intermediate) and vascular placental features. For stereologically estimated parameters pure PET had an effect on IVS and terminal villi volume only. FGR alone or when coexisting with PET contributed towards significant reductions in volumetric and surface area terminal villous and vascular features. FGR factors also contributed towards a significant reduction in the lengths of all parameters estimated and in the terminal villi diameter. Additionally, FGR was associated with a significant difference in shape factor indices for both intermediate and terminal villi. This study has shown that PET on its own has limited influence on the placental morphology studied, since the vascular features estimated do not differ stereologically from age matched normal controls. However, placental morphology is different between PET and PET-FGR and between PET-FGR and FGR. PET and FGR may have a cumulative effect on placental villous and vascular morphology as seen in the PET-FGR but there is no synergistic effect. These morphological abnormalities may have major physiological implications in terms of placental function and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Egbor
- Department of Surgical Research, NPIMR, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3UJ, UK
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Egbor M, Ansari T, Morris N, Green CJ, Sibbons PD. Maternal medicine: Morphometric placental villous and vascular abnormalities in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia with and without fetal growth restriction. BJOG 2006; 113:580-9. [PMID: 16579806 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate placental morphology in pregnancies complicated by early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia (PET) with and without fetal growth restriction (FGR) using stereological techniques. DESIGN A total of 69 pregnant women were studied. Twenty women had pregnancies complicated by PET, 17 by FGR and 16 by both PET and FUR; the remaining 16 were from gestational-age-matched controls. Each group was further classified into early onset (<34 weeks) and late onsets (>34 weeks) based on gestational ages. SETTING NPIMR at Northwick Park and St Marks Hospital. POPULATION placentae from pregnant women. METHODS Formalin-fixed, wax-embedded sections stained with anti-CD34 antibodies and counterstained with haematoxylin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Volumes, surface areas, lengths, diameters and shape factors of the villous tissues and fetal vasculature in the intermediate and terminal villi of all the groups studied. RESULTS Terminal villi volume and surface area were compromised in early-onset PET cases, late-onset PET had no impact on peripheral villi or vasculature features. The morphology of the vascular and villous subcomponents in the intermediate and terminal villi was significantly influenced by late-onset FGR, whereas early-onset FGR caused a reduction in placental weight. Length estimates were not influenced by PET, FGR or age of onset. Intermediate arteriole shape factor was significantly reduced in late-onset FGR. CONCLUSIONS Isolated early-onset PET was associated with abnormal placental morphology, but placentas from late-onset PET were morphologically similar to placentas from gestational-age-matched controls, confirming the existence of two subsets of this condition and supporting the hypothesis that late-onset PET is a maternal disorder and not a placental disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Egbor
- Department of Surgical Research, NPIMR, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
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Hulse GK, Stalenberg V, McCallum D, Smit W, O'neil G, Morris N, Tait RJ. Histological changes over time around the site of sustained release naltrexone-poly(dl-lactide) implants in humans. J Control Release 2005; 108:43-55. [PMID: 16154223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2005] [Revised: 07/22/2005] [Accepted: 08/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess the histological tissue changes over time around the site of implant, tissue biopsies were taken at 1 to 38 months post-implant from 54 (34 male) consenting human subjects who had received the Australian subcutaneous naltrexone-poly(DL-lactide) implant for heroin dependence. The implant consists of multiple tablets containing compressed naltrexone-poly[trans-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione] (DL-lactide) loaded microspheres. Assessment of tissue samples by pathologists showed an early phase (up to 12 months post-implant) of inflammation, foreign body reaction, and fibrosis. This subsided gradually over the next 12 months until tissue returned to normal by 25+ months. Sufficient evidence was not available to conclude that the poly(DL-lactide) implant matrix was totally biodegradable within the study period. While implant material was not identified in most of the latter biopsies, its presence was noted in one biopsy at 26 months post-implant. Nevertheless the study results did demonstrate the implant's biocompatibility by the lack of inflammation, foreign body reaction, and fibrosis detected by 25+ months. It seems highly probable that surgical technique rather than the implant itself was associated with the additional finding of fat necrosis. Moderate fat necrosis was observed as a common feature of biopsies carried out during the first 6 months following implant. It subsided to mild levels over the next 18 months, and was notably absent by 25+ months. The results of the study indicated that the Australian naltrexone-poly(DL-lactide) implant is well tolerated and may have a role for use in the management of medical conditions such as heroin dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Hulse
- Unit for Research and Education in Drugs and Alcohol, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, and Department of Pathology, Royal Perth Hospital, WA, Australia.
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Abstract
A problem encountered in patients undergoing long-term catheterization of the urinary tract is that of encrustation and blockage of the catheter by crystalline bacterial biofilms. This is principally caused by the action of the urease-producing pathogen Proteus mirabilis. A major aim of this work is to develop materials resistant to encrustation. Here, the effects of polymer surface properties on the adhesion of P. mirabilis are examined. Spin-coated polymer films were characterized through contact angle measurements to give the Lifschitz-van der Waals, electron acceptor and electron donor terms of the surface free energy, gamma(s)LW, gamma(s)+ and gamma(s)- respectively. A parallel-plate flow cell was used to assess adhesion to these polymer films of P. mirabilis suspended in an aqueous phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, ionic strength 0.26 mol/kg. P. mirabilis was found to adhere significantly less (p < 0.02) to films of agarose, poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) than to more hydrophobic materials. These polymer films were found to be strongly electron donating, i.e. possessing large gamma(s)-. Films examined using scanning electron microscopy mostly showed no evidence of roughness down to a scale of 1-10 microm. The better performance is thought to be due to a repulsive interaction with the bacterial surface caused by acid/base-type interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Downer
- IRC in Polymer Science and Technology, Durham University, Durham, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two important aspects of psychological well-being are positive mood state and a positive outlook with respect to the future. This study investigates the use of lavender baths to improve these aspects of psychological well-being. DESIGN A single blind, randomised control trial. SETTING The participants' home and interview rooms at the University of Wolverhampton. PARTICIPANTS Eighty women not receiving treatment for psychological disorders who were staff or students at the University of Wolverhampton. Forty participated in Study 1 and 40 in Study 2. INTERVENTION Participants were randomly allocated to use either grapeseed oil or 80% grapeseed oil and 20% lavender oil in their bath for 14 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In Study 1, the UWIST mood adjective checklist. In Study 2, the MacLeod and Byrne Future Events procedure. RESULTS In Study 1 psychologically positive mood changes were found after the bathing regimen for energetic arousal, tense arousal, hedonic tone and anger-frustration. Only anger-frustration showed a selective effect for lavender oil. In the second study negative responses about the future were selectively reduced after lavender oil baths. CONCLUSIONS These results are encouraging and suggest further investigation using potential patients may result in the development of a useful procedure for improving psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Morris
- Psychology Division, School of Applied Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfuna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, UK.
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Abstract
Two general strategies have been adopted to develop catheter materials that resist encrustaion by bacterial biofilms: (a) the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into the polymers and (b) the production of materials with surface properties which prevent the adherence of bacterial cells. Our experience to develop non-adherent surfaces which abstracts design from nature is reported. Compounds based on 2-methacryloloxyethylphosphorylcholine co-polymerised with long-chain alkyl methacrylates have been produced which have structural and surface properties similar to those of the outer membranes of erythrocytes. These PC-coatings have been applied onto catheter base materials where they produce polar surfaces that are extremely hydrophilic. In experiments using a laboratory model of the catheterised bladder we found that the PC-coatings did not reduce colonisation of latex or silicone catheters by crystalline Proteus mirabilis biofilm. There were no significant difference between the amounts of calcium and magnesium salts deposited on coated and non-coated catheters. In a further set of experiments the PC-coatings did not significantly increase the mean times for which catheters drained freely. In a parallel clinical study, the performance of PC-coated ureteral stents was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and bacteriological analysis on 44 PC-coated stents that had been implanted in patients for 12-week periods and 28 control stents suggested that the PC-coated devices were less vulnerable to encrustation and colonisation by bacterial biofilm than normal stents. It was of interest that in contrast to encrusted catheters, urease producing species such as P. mirabilis were rarely isolated from the stents. The main organisms colonising the stents were enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci. These results suggest that the mechanisms of catheter and stent encrustation may be different and require different strategies for control.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Stickler
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3TL, Wales, UK.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects and time course of endurance training on the regulation of heart rate (HR), arterial pressure (AP), norepinephrine (NE), and plasma volume (PV) during orthostatic stress in healthy elderly men. METHODS Thirty-one healthy men (65--75 yr) were randomly allocated into endurance training (N = 20, EX) and control (N = 11, CON) groups. The EX group cycled 3 d x wk(-1) for 30 min at 70% VO(2peak) for 12 wk x VO(2peak) was determined on an electronically braked cycle ergometer, before training and after 4, 8, and 12 wk of endurance training. The immediate (initial 30 s), early steady-state (1 min), and prolonged (5, 10, 15 min) beat-by-beat HR and AP responses during 90 degrees head-up tilt (HUT) were measured at least 3 d after each VO(2peak) test. Spontaneous baroreflex slopes were determined by application of linear regression to sequences of at least three cardiac cycles in which systolic blood pressure (SBP) and R-R interval changed in the same direction. Venous blood was collected during 90 degrees HUT and analyzed for changes in plasma NE concentrations, as well as hematocrit and hemoglobin to determine changes in PV. RESULTS Endurance training significantly (P < 0.01) increased VO(2peak) (mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) in EX by 10 +/- 2%. The immediate, early steady-state, and prolonged HR and AP responses and spontaneous baroreflex slopes during 90 degrees HUT were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between EX and CON groups before or after 4, 8, or 12 wk of endurance training. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed between EX and CON groups for peak changes in PV during orthostasis before (-15.0 +/- 1.4% vs -11.9 +/- 1.3%) or after 4 (-12.2 +/- 1.0% vs -12.7 +/- 1.4%), 8 (-13.7 +/- 1.2% vs -12.4 +/- 0.7%), and 12 wk (-10.8 +/- 1.6% vs -10.6 +/- 0.6%) of endurance training, suggesting a similar stimulus presented by 90 degrees HUT in both groups. Peak changes in NE concentrations during HUT were similar (P > 0.05) between EX and CON groups before (119 +/- 23 pg x mL(-1) vs 191 +/- 36 pg x mL(-1)) and after 4 (139 +/- 29 pg x mL(-1) vs 146 +/- 25 pg x mL(-1)), 8 (114 +/- 32 pg x mL(-1) vs 182 +/- 41 pg x mL(-1)), and 12 wk (143 +/- 35 pg x mL(-1) vs 206 +/- 42 pg.mL-1) of endurance training. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that in healthy elderly men, improvements in VO(2peak) can occur without compromising the regulation of HR, AP, NE, and PV during orthostatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Gabbett
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Griffith University Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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