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Gromova O, Doschanova A, Lokshin V, Tuletova A, Grebennikova G, Daniyarova L, Kaishibayeva G, Nurpeissov T, Khan V, Semenova Y, Chibisova A, Suzdalskaya N, Aitaly Z, Glushkova N. Vitamin D deficiency in Kazakhstan: Cross-Sectional study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105565. [PMID: 31812522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is one of the serious and highly debatable public health problems affecting at least one billion of world population. This study objected to evaluate Vitamin D status in adult population of both sexes residing in different geographical areas of Kazakhstan and to elucidate the possible contributing factors related to VDD. This cross-sectional study covered 6 regions of Kazakhstan and applied the systematic random sampling to recruit 1347 healthy adults (of whom 819 were females) with mean age 44 ± 14 years. The concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) was measured from May 2018 to August 2018 with Architect 25OH Vitamin D assay (Abbott Ireland Diagnostics Division Lisnamuck, Longford Co. Longford Ireland). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25-OHD values not exceeding 20 ng/mL as a reference threshold in healthy population. The median serum 25(OH)D concentrations in all studied regions of Kazakhstan were below the reference threshold (20 ng/mL). The lowest range of vitamin D (<10 ng/mL) was observed more commonly in females (34.6 % - 283) as compared to males (16.7 % - 88) and was significantly higher in Asians (33.2 % - 352) in contrast with Caucasians (6.7 % - 19) (χ2 = 177,939; D.f. = 3; p-value=<0,001). The proportion of severe VDD was higher in individuals with low body mass index (31.1 % - 188) vs. individuals with high body mass index (18.7 % - 50). In this study individuals aged 60 years and older had the most favorable situation with 25-OHD concentrations since these were normal in 14.4 % of observations (χ2 = 26,589; D.f. = 6; p-value=<0001). Studying the prevalence of VDD is an important public health task. Further research is needed to understand the epidemiology of VDD in more details to tailor intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gromova
- Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Bioelementology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aikerm Doschanova
- Medical Center "Talmas Medicus", Astana, Kazakhstan; Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Astana, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Vyacheslav Lokshin
- Persona International Clinical Center for Reproductology, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Association of Reproductive Medicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Laura Daniyarova
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | - Yuliya Semenova
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Zhanara Aitaly
- Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Glushkova
- Department of Personalized Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan.
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