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Pinna F, Fois N, Mura F, Ruiu A, Ceccherelli G. Predation risk of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus juveniles in an overfished area reveal system stability mechanisms and restocking challenges. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301143. [PMID: 38635595 PMCID: PMC11025834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Where sea urchin harvest has been so intense that populations have drastically regressed, concerns have arisen about the effectiveness of harvesting management. According to the theory of phase transition in shallow rocky reefs between vegetated and barren habitats, sea urchin recruitment, a key population structuring process, seems hampered by some stabilizing feedback despite an end to local human harvest of sea urchins. To shed a light on predation effects on sea urchin recruits, a 27-day field experiment was conducted using mega-predator exclusion cages (40x40x40 cm, 1 cm in mesh size) in barren and turf substrates. To facilitate this, 672 recruits (1.1 ± 0.02 cm in size) reared under control conditions were positioned in groups of 42 in each experimental unit (n = 4). Exclusion of mega-predators had a significant effect regardless the substrate, since a higher number of recruits was found under cages both in turf and barren. However, the results showed that in uncaged treatments the size of recruits that survived was larger in turf than in barren, as in the former substrate predation had reduced the abundance of the smallest recruits, highlighting that mega-predator presence affects differently the size of the recruits that had survived depending on the substrate. Overall, these results provide valuable information to address restocking actions of sea urchin populations in overharvested areas, where algal turfs are widespread, and assist studies on habitat stability mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Pinna
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicola Fois
- AGRIS Sardegna–Research Service for Fishery Products, Olmedo (SS), Italia
| | - Francesco Mura
- AGRIS Sardegna–Research Service for Fishery Products, Olmedo (SS), Italia
| | - Alberto Ruiu
- Capo Caccia–Isola Piana Marine Protected Area, Alghero, (SS), Italia
| | - Giulia Ceccherelli
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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La Manna G, Arrostuto N, Moro Merella M, Stipcich P, Fois N, Sarà G, Ceccherelli G. Towards a sustainable fisher-dolphin coexistence: Understanding depredation, assessing economic damage and evaluating management options. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119797. [PMID: 38086111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Finding solutions for a sustainable coexistence between wildlife and humans is considered among the most challenging environmental management issues for scientists, conservationists, managers, and stockholders world-wide. Depredation by the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) on small scale fisheries has increased in the recent years, leading to a growing conflict in many areas of the Mediterranean Sea and pressing for urgent management solutions. This study aims at developing a management framework for a sustainable coexistence between fishers and dolphins in Sardinia (Mediterranean Sea). Relying on the combination of different approaches (field study, literature review and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis), the scientific evidence necessary for understanding dolphin depredation were updated and improved, the related economic damage was calculated, and different management options were identified and evaluated by several stakeholder groups to support the decision-making process. Averaging for all investigated net types (gillnet and trammel net), a depredation frequency of 53% was found, the highest values ever found in both Sardinia and many other Mediterranean sites. Depredation probability was influenced by different factors, such as net type, fishing operation duration, depth of the fishing site and period. The estimated economic damage due to depredation ranges on average between 6492 and 11,925 euro per year and depends on the type of fishing net. The results from the field study, the literature review and the stakeholder involvement allowed us to define the most plausible and shared management options, identifying a framework for assessing and managing the conflict between fishers and dolphins for the creation of a more sustainable vision for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- G La Manna
- Università di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Sassari, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy; MareTerra Onlus, Environmental Research and Conservation, Alghero, Italy.
| | | | - M Moro Merella
- Università di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Sassari, Italy
| | - P Stipcich
- Università di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Sassari, Italy
| | - N Fois
- AGRIS Sardegna, Sassari, Italy
| | - G Sarà
- National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy; Università di Palermo, Dipartimento Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Ceccherelli
- Università di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Sassari, Italy
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Cossu P, Mura L, Dedola GL, Lai T, Sanna D, Scarpa F, Azzena I, Fois N, Casu M. Detection of Genetic Patterns in Endangered Marine Species Is Affected by Small Sample Sizes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202763. [PMID: 36290149 PMCID: PMC9597844 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of Genetic diversity and its spatial distribution is crucial to improve conservation plans for endangered species. Genetic tools help ensure species' long-term persistence by unraveling connectivity patterns and evolutionary trajectories of populations. Here, microsatellite genotypes of individuals from populations of Patella ferruginea are used to assess the effect of sample size on metrics of within-and between-population genetic diversity by combining empirical and simulated data. Within-population metrics are slightly to moderately affected by small sample size, albeit the magnitude of the bias is proportional to the effective population size and gene flow. The power of detecting genetic differentiation among populations increases with sample size, albeit the gain of increasing the number of sampled individuals tends to be negligible between 30 and 50. Our results line up with those of previous studies and highlight that small sample sizes are not always a hindrance to investigating genetic patterns in endangered marine species. Caution is needed in interpreting genetic patterns based on small sample sizes when the observed genetic differentiation is weak. This study also highlights the importance of carrying out genetic monitoring in seemingly well-preserved but potentially isolated populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Cossu
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-079-2280924
| | - Laura Mura
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, 07040 Olmedo, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Dedola
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lai
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Daria Sanna
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilenia Azzena
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicola Fois
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, 07040 Olmedo, Italy
| | - Marco Casu
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Ceccherelli G, Addis P, Atzori F, Cadoni N, Casu M, Coppa S, De Luca M, de Lucia GA, Farina S, Fois N, Frau F, Gazale V, Grech D, Guala I, Mariani M, Marras MSG, Navone A, Pansini A, Panzalis P, Pinna F, Ruiu A, Scarpa F, Piazzi L. Sea urchin harvest inside marine protected areas: an opportunity to investigate the effects of exploitation where trophic upgrading is achieved. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12971. [PMID: 35282273 PMCID: PMC8908888 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Marine protected areas (MPAs) usually have both positive effects of protection for the fisheries' target species and indirect negative effects for sea urchins. Moreover, often in MPAs sea urchin human harvest is restricted, but allowed. This study is aimed at estimating the effect of human harvest of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus within MPAs, where fish exploitation is restricted and its density is already controlled by a higher natural predation risk. The prediction we formulated was that the lowest densities of commercial sea urchins would be found where human harvest is allowed and where the harvest is restricted, compared to where the harvest is forbidden. Methods At this aim, a collaborative database gained across five MPAs in Sardinia (Western Mediterranean, Italy) and areas outside was gathered collecting sea urchin abundance and size data in a total of 106 sites at different degrees of sea urchin exploitation: no, restricted and unrestricted harvest sites (NH, RH and UH, respectively). Furthermore, as estimates made in past monitoring efforts (since 2005) were available for 75 of the sampled sites, for each of the different levels of exploitation, the rate of variation in the total sea urchin density was also estimated. Results Results have highlighted that the lowest sea urchin total and commercial density was found in RH sites, likely for the cumulative effects of human harvest and natural predation. The overall rate of change in sea urchin density over time indicates that only NH conditions promoted the increase of sea urchin abundance and that current local management of the MPAs has driven towards an important regression of populations, by allowing the harvest. Overall, results suggest that complex mechanisms, including synergistic effects between natural biotic interactions and human pressures, may occur on sea urchin populations and the assessment of MPA effects on P. lividus populations would be crucial to guide management decisions on regulating harvest permits. Overall, the need to ban sea urchin harvest in the MPAs to avoid extreme reductions is encouraged, as inside the MPAs sea urchin populations are likely under natural predation pressures for the trophic upgrading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ceccherelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Universitá di Sassari, Via Piandanna, Sassari, Italy
| | - Piero Addis
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Universitá di Cagliari, Via Fiorelli, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Atzori
- Capo Carbonara –Villasimius Marine Protected Area, Via Roma, Villasimius (CA), Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cadoni
- Capo Carbonara –Villasimius Marine Protected Area, Via Roma, Villasimius (CA), Italy
| | - Marco Casu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria –Sez. Fisiologia della Nutrizione e Zoologia, Universitá di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Coppa
- Istituto per lo studio degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS) –Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Loc. Sa Mardini, Torre Grande (OR), Italy
| | - Mario De Luca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Universitá di Sassari, Via Piandanna, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andrea de Lucia
- Istituto per lo studio degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS) –Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Loc. Sa Mardini, Torre Grande (OR), Italy
| | - Simone Farina
- IMC –International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, Torre Grande, OR, Italy,SZN –Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Fois
- Agris –Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia –Bonassai SS, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesca Frau
- Capo Carbonara –Villasimius Marine Protected Area, Via Roma, Villasimius (CA), Italy
| | - Vittorio Gazale
- Isola dell’Asinara Marine Protected Area, via Ponte Romano, Porto Torres (SS), Italy
| | - Daniele Grech
- IMC –International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, Torre Grande, OR, Italy
| | - Ivan Guala
- IMC –International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, Torre Grande, OR, Italy
| | - Mariano Mariani
- Capo Caccia –Isola Piana Marine Protected Area, Loc. Tramariglio SP, Alghero, SS, Italy
| | - Massimo SG Marras
- Penisola del Sinis –Isola di Mal di Ventre Marine Protected Area, Corso Italia, Cabras, OR, Italy
| | - Augusto Navone
- Tavolara Punta Coda Cavallo Marine Protected Area, Via S. Giovanni, Olbia (SS), Italy
| | - Arianna Pansini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Universitá di Sassari, Via Piandanna, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pieraugusto Panzalis
- Tavolara Punta Coda Cavallo Marine Protected Area, Via S. Giovanni, Olbia (SS), Italy
| | - Federico Pinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Universitá di Sassari, Via Piandanna, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruiu
- Capo Caccia –Isola Piana Marine Protected Area, Loc. Tramariglio SP, Alghero, SS, Italy
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria –Sez. Fisiologia della Nutrizione e Zoologia, Universitá di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Piazzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Universitá di Sassari, Via Piandanna, Sassari, Italy
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Mudadu AG, Bazzoni AM, Melillo R, Lorenzoni G, Piras G, Salza S, Cau S, Soro B, Vodret B, Tedde T, Fois N, Serra S, Virgilio S, Meloni D. Determination of phytoplankton in water samples, algal biotoxins, microbiological parameters and microplastics in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) from an experimental pilot farm in the Calich Lagoon (Sardinia, Italy). Ital J Food Saf 2022; 11:9973. [PMID: 35284336 PMCID: PMC8908440 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2022.9973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this paper were to collect and analyse preliminary data of phytoplankton in the water, biotoxins, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp. and microplastic eventually present in farmed mussels, and to acquire information about the production capability from an experimental pilot farm of the Calich Lagoon. Two sampling sessions were carried out, in February and in May 2019, also monitoring the water condition (pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a). No potentially toxic algae were detected, and moreover no biotoxins (Paralytic Shellfish Poison, Diarrheic Shellfish Poison, Amnesic Shellfish Poison) were found in mussels. E.coli was present with the highest concentration in February (16000 MPN/100g e.p.). Salmonella and Vibrio spp. have not been detected. Almost a microplastic per grams was found, mainly fiber of different colours. Further studies, carried out for several months, will allow to better understand the possible problems related to the production of mussels in a lagoon not yet classified as a shellfish production area.
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Meloni D, Mudadu AG, Abete MC, Bazzoni AM, Griglione A, Pederiva S, Stella C, Serra S, Fois N, Esposito G, Squadrone S. Occurrence of trace elements in Mediterranean mussels (<em>Mytilus galloprovincialis</em> Lamarck, 1819) from an experimental pilot farm in the Calich Lagoon (Sardinia, Italy). Ital J Food Saf 2022; 11:9970. [PMID: 35284342 PMCID: PMC8908439 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2022.9970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine trace elements in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from an experimental pilot farm of the Calich Lagoon, a typical Sardinian brackish area (Italy). Two sampling sessions were scheduled in February and May 2019 and the occurrence of 24 metals (Hg, Ag, Al, As, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sn, Ti, V, Zn) in bivalves was considered. Environmental conditions of water (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll a) were also measured in situ. A high significant (P<0.001) difference was reported for temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Our results showed a significant sessional variation of Mo (P<0.001); Cd, V (P<0.01); Ni, Pb and Co (P<0.05) in examined M. galloprovincialis samples; as all values were higher in February than those for May session samples, meanwhile the highest levels were reported for Mg (mean±s.d. 1151±263 mg kg-1 wet weight), Al (mean±s.d. 341±192 mg kg-1 w.w.), and Fe (mean±s.d. 212 ±75 mg kg-1 w.w.) in February samples. The European Union uppermost values (EC Reg. 1881/2006) for Cd, Hg, and Pb were never overpassed. The results confirmed the role of M. galloprovincialis as one of the most appropriate biological indexes to track the presence of trace elements in brackish environments. It could be concluded that the current ecology of the Calich Lagoon suggests that compatibly with the transitional ecosystem, the classification as a bivalves’ production area and the implementation of extensive shellfish farming can improve its production capacities. The knowledge of the lagoon ecology is an essential tool for its sustainable exploitation, preserving biodiversity, and mitigating the effects of anthropogenic activities on public health.
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Floris R, Sanna G, Mura L, Fiori M, Culurgioni J, Diciotti R, Rizzo C, Lo Giudice A, Laganà P, Fois N. Isolation and Identification of Bacteria with Surface and Antibacterial Activity from the Gut of Mediterranean Grey Mullets. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122555. [PMID: 34946156 PMCID: PMC8703445 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish gut represents a peculiar ecological niche where bacteria can transit and reside to play vital roles by producing bio-compounds with nutritional, immunomodulatory and other functions. This complex microbial ecosystem reflects several factors (environment, feeding regimen, fish species, etc.). The objective of the present study was the identification of intestinal microbial strains able to produce molecules called biosurfactants (BSs), which were tested for surface and antibacterial activity in order to select a group of probiotic bacteria for aquaculture use. Forty-two bacterial isolates from the digestive tracts of twenty Mediterranean grey mullets were screened for testing emulsifying (E-24), surface and antibiotic activities. Fifty percent of bacteria, ascribed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., P. putida and P. anguilliseptica, P. stutzeri, P. protegens and Enterobacter ludwigii were found to be surfactant producers. Of the tested strains, 26.6% exhibited an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (10.0 ± 0.0–14.5 ± 0.7 mm inhibition zone), and among them, 23.3% of isolates also showed inhibitory activity vs. Proteus mirabilis (10.0 ± 0.0–18.5 ± 0.7 mm inhibition zone) and 6.6% vs. Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.5 ± 0.7–17.5 ± 0.7 mm inhibition zone). According to preliminary chemical analysis, the bioactive compounds are suggested to be ascribed to the class of glycolipids. This works indicated that fish gut is a source of bioactive compounds which deserves to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Floris
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-079-284-2331
| | - Gabriele Sanna
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Laura Mura
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Myriam Fiori
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Jacopo Culurgioni
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Riccardo Diciotti
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Carmen Rizzo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn-Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology Department, Sicily Marine Centre, Villa Pace, Contrada Porticatello 29, 98167 Messina, Italy;
| | - Angelina Lo Giudice
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (ISP-CNR), 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Pasqualina Laganà
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 3p, AOU ‘G. Martino, Via C. Valeria, s.n.c., 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Nicola Fois
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.S.); (L.M.); (M.F.); (J.C.); (R.D.); (N.F.)
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Cossu P, Mura L, Scarpa F, Lai T, Sanna D, Azzena I, Fois N, Casu M. Genetic patterns in Mugil cephalus and implications for fisheries and aquaculture management. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2887. [PMID: 33536511 PMCID: PMC7859195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploitation of fisheries and aquaculture practices are exposing marine fish populations to increasing genetic risks. Therefore, the integration of genetic information into fisheries and aquaculture management is becoming crucial to ensure species' long-term persistence. The raising commercial value of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and its roe represents a growing challenge to the sustainable management of this economically important fishery resource. Here, microsatellites were used to investigate patterns of genetic variation in a Mediterranean area that harbor flourishing fisheries and practice semi-intensive farming of grey mullet. Genetic diversity within populations is smaller than values reported in previous studies as a result of the lower polymorphism displayed by the new microsatellite loci. Lack of genetic structuring points to the existence of a unique genetic stock, which is consistent with the species' high dispersal capabilities. Nonetheless, differences in local population effective size as well as the excess of related individuals do not completely fit the picture of a large panmictic population. Baseline genetic information here gathered will allow to set up the genetic monitoring of regional fish stocks, which is needed to assess the impact of both harvesting and aquaculture on the genetic integrity of Mugil cephalus wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Cossu
- grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ,grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, SS Italy
| | - Laura Mura
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca Nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, Olmedo, SS Italy
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ,grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, SS Italy
| | - Tiziana Lai
- grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daria Sanna
- grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ,grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilenia Azzena
- grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, SS Italy ,grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicola Fois
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca Nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, Olmedo, SS Italy
| | - Marco Casu
- grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ,grid.11450.310000 0001 2097 9138Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, SS Italy
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Satta CT, Pulina S, Reñé A, Padedda BM, Caddeo T, Fois N, Lugliè A. Ecological, morphological and molecular characterization of Kryptoperidinium sp. (Dinophyceae) from two Mediterranean coastal shallow lagoons. Harmful Algae 2020; 97:101855. [PMID: 32732049 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the field ecology of Kryptoperidinium sp. was examined in two Mediterranean shallow lagoons, Calich (CA) and Santa Giusta (SG) in Sardinia, Italy. Kryptoperidinium cell density and the environmental conditions were examined monthly from 2008 to 2015 in CA and from 2011 to 2016 in SG. Cell morphology was determined by observing specimens taken from the field and from cultures that were established by single-cell isolation from samples collected in the two lagoons. The molecular identity of strains from each lagoon was also ascertained. The growth rates of the strains were determined under three different temperature conditions and six salinity treatments. The two wild populations shared the same morphology and the cultured strains were morphologically and molecularly identical. The SSU and 5.8S phylogenies show the presence of two clusters within the available Kryptoperidinium sequences and the strains obtained in this study clustered with others from the Mediterranean and Baltic. The multiannual dynamics of Kryptoperidinium sp. in the field significantly differed in the two lagoons, showing much higher cell densities in CA than in SG. The presence of Kryptoperidinium sp. was detected throughout the year in CA, with recurrent blooms also affecting the adjacent coastal area. In contrast, Kryptoperidinium sp. was sporadically observed in SG. The variation in the environmental parameters was fairly wide during the presence and blooms of Kryptoperidinium sp., especially in CA. The application of Generalized Linear Models to the field data revealed a significant role of rainfall and dissolved inorganic nitrogen on the presence and blooms of the species. Although growth rates were similar between the two strains, significant differences were detected for the 10 and 40 salinity treatments. The results obtained in this study add to our knowledge about the ecology of a harmful species that is not well understood in transitional ecosystems such as Mediterranean lagoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Teodora Satta
- Agris Sardegna, S.S. 291 Sassari-Fertilia km 18 600, Bonassai (Olmedo), Sardinia, Italy; Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Silvia Pulina
- Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.
| | - Albert Reñé
- Dpt. Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bachisio Mario Padedda
- Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Caddeo
- Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Nicola Fois
- Agris Sardegna, S.S. 291 Sassari-Fertilia km 18 600, Bonassai (Olmedo), Sardinia, Italy
| | - Antonella Lugliè
- Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
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Cossu P, Scarpa F, Sanna D, Lai T, Dedola GL, Curini-Galletti M, Mura L, Fois N, Casu M. Influence of genetic drift on patterns of genetic variation: The footprint of aquaculture practices in Sparus aurata (Teleostei: Sparidae). Mol Ecol 2019; 28:3012-3024. [PMID: 31125994 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aquaculture finfish production based on floating cage technology has raised increasing concerns regarding the genetic integrity of natural populations. Accidental mass escapes can induce the loss of genetic diversity in wild populations by increasing genetic drift and inbreeding. Farm escapes probably represent an important issue in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), which accounted for 76.4% of total escapees recorded in Europe during a 3-year survey. Here, we investigated patterns of genetic variation in farmed and wild populations of gilthead sea bream from the Western Mediterranean, a region of long gilthead sea bream farming. We focused on the role that genetic drift may play in shaping these patterns. Results based on microsatellite markers matched those observed in previous studies. Farmed populations showed lower levels of genetic diversity than wild populations and were genetically divergent from their wild counterparts. Overall, farmed populations showed the smallest effective population size and increased levels of relatedness compared to wild populations. The small broodstock size coupled with breeding practices that may favour the variance in individual reproductive success probably boosted genetic drift. This factor appeared to be a major driver of the genetic patterns observed in the gilthead sea bream populations analysed in the present study. These results further stress the importance of recommendations aimed at maintaining broodstock sizes as large as possible and equal sex-ratios among breeders, as well as avoiding unequal contributions among parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Cossu
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daria Sanna
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lai
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Dedola
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Curini-Galletti
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Laura Mura
- AGRIS Sardegna, Servizio Ricerca Prodotti Ittici, Olmedo, Italy
| | - Nicola Fois
- AGRIS Sardegna, Servizio Ricerca Prodotti Ittici, Olmedo, Italy
| | - Marco Casu
- Department of Sciences for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Sanna D, Lai T, Cossu P, Scarpa F, Dedola GL, Cristo B, Francalacci P, Curini-Galletti M, Mura L, Fois N, Maltagliati F, Casu M. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I variability in Ruditapes decussatus (Veneridae) from the western Mediterranean. The European Zoological Journal 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1395914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - T. Lai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - P. Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - F. Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - G. L. Dedola
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - B. Cristo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - P. Francalacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - M. Curini-Galletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - L. Mura
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, Agenzia per la Ricerca in Agricoltura , Olmedo (SS), Italy
| | - N. Fois
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, Agenzia per la Ricerca in Agricoltura , Olmedo (SS), Italy
| | - F. Maltagliati
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa , Pisa (PI), Italy
| | - M. Casu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Piras
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna. Olmedo, Italy
| | - S. Ligios
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna. Olmedo, Italy
| | - M. Sitzia
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna. Olmedo, Italy
| | - N. Fois
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna. Olmedo, Italy
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Mura L, Cossu P, Cannas A, Scarpa F, Sanna D, Dedola G, Floris R, Lai T, Cristo B, Curini-Galletti M, Fois N, Casu M. Genetic variability in the Sardinian population of the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Molle G, Decandia M, Giovanetti V, Cabiddu A, Fois N, Sitzia M. Responses to condensed tannins of flowering sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) grazed by dairy sheep. Livest Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2008.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Acciaro M, Sitzia M, Fois N. Sarda female lambs bred at pasture: growth rate from weaning to reproductive activity. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2007. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Acciaro
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna.. Olmedo, Italy
| | - M. Sitzia
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna.. Olmedo, Italy
| | - N. Fois
- Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna.. Olmedo, Italy
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Landau S, Molle G, Fois N, Friedman S, Barkai D, Decandia M, Cabiddu A, Dvash L, Sitzia M. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as a novel pasture species for dairy sheep in the Mediterranean conditions of Sardinia and Israel. Small Rumin Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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