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The role of the mitochondrial trans-sulfuration in cerebro-cardio renal dysfunction during trisomy down syndrome. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:825-829. [PMID: 37198322 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
One in 700 children is born with the down syndrome (DS). In DS, there is an extra copy of X chromosome 21 (trisomy). Interestingly, the chromosome 21 also contains an extra copy of the cystathionine beta synthase (CBS) gene. The CBS activity is known to contribute in mitochondrial sulfur metabolism via trans-sulfuration pathway. We hypothesize that due to an extra copy of the CBS gene there is hyper trans-sulfuration in DS. We believe that understanding the mechanism of hyper trans-sulfuration during DS will be important in improving the quality of DS patients and towards developing new treatment strategies. We know that folic acid "1-carbon" metabolism (FOCM) cycle transfers the "1-carbon" methyl group to DNA (H3K4) via conversion of s-adenosyl methionine (SAM) to s-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) by DNMTs (the gene writers). The demethylation reaction is carried out by ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenases (TETs; the gene erasers) through epigenetics thus turning the genes off/on and opening the chromatin by altering the acetylation/HDAC ratio. The S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) hydrolyzes SAH to homocysteine (Hcy) and adenosine. The Hcy is converted to cystathionine, cysteine and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) via CBS/cystathioneγ lyase (CSE)/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST) pathways. Adenosine by deaminase is converted to inosine and then to uric acid. All these molecules remain high in DS patients. H2S is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complexes I-IV, and regulated by UCP1. Therefore, decreased UCP1 levels and ATP production can ensue in DS subjects. Interestingly, children born with DS show elevated levels of CBS/CSE/3MST/Superoxide dismutase (SOD)/cystathionine/cysteine/H2S. We opine that increased levels of epigenetic gene writers (DNMTs) and decreased in gene erasers (TETs) activity cause folic acid exhaustion, leading to an increase in trans-sulphuration by CBS/CSE/3MST/SOD pathways. Thus, it is important to determine whether SIRT3 (inhibitor of HDAC3) can decrease the trans-sulfuration activity in DS patients. Since there is an increase in H3K4 and HDAC3 via epigenetics in DS, we propose that sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) may decrease H3K4 and HDAC3 and hence may be able to decrease the trans-sulfuration in DS. It would be worth to determine whether the lactobacillus, a folic acid producing probiotic, mitigates hyper-trans-sulphuration pathway in DS subjects. Further, as we know that in DS patients the folic acid is exhausted due to increase in CBS, Hcy and re-methylation. In this context, we suggest that folic acid producing probiotics such as lactobacillus might be able to improve re-methylation process and hence may help decrease the trans-sulfuration pathway in the DS patients.
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Favorable Survival after Definitive Ablative RT in Surgically Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e335. [PMID: 37785177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Surgical resection has been considered the only curative option for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Ablative RT ≥100Gy BED10 (A-RT) is associated with favorable survival in patients with locally advanced unresectable disease. We sought to evaluate A-RT outcomes in patients with technically resectable disease who did not undergo surgery. MATERIALS/METHODS Our prospectively maintained database of patients treated with A-RT was queried for consecutive patients with radiographic T1/T2 resectable PDAC. Patients were treated with a standardized technique within a large academic cancer center regional network. Ablative RT using several hypofractionated regimens was delivered on either standard Linacs with respiratory motion management, CBCT image guidance and selective adaptive replanning or MR-Linac with compression belt and daily on-line adaptive replanning. Freedom from local progression (FFLP), distant metastasis-free and overall survival (DMFS and OS, respectively) were analyzed using the Kaplan Meier estimates. RESULTS Between 2016 and 2022, 28 patients (54% male) with radiographically resectable PDAC received definitive A-RT. Median age was 80 (interquartile range, 77-84) years and 23 (82.1%) had KPS of 80 or below. Eighteen patients (64.3%) had T2 cancer, 5 (17.9%) were node positive, and 23 (82.1%) had head location. Median size was 2.6 (range, 1.6-4.0) cm with a median carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) of 160.5 (0-1823) U/mL. Twenty patients (71.4%) received induction chemotherapy for a median of 2.4 (0-6.2) months. RT regimens delivered on conventional Linacs unless otherwise indicated included 75Gy in 25 fractions (n = 15), 67.5Gy in 15 fractions (n = 10), 50Gy in 5 (N = 2, MR Linac), 60Gy in 10 (n = 1). 24-month FFLP and DMFS were 78.8% (52.3-91.7%) and 17.7% (95% CI, 5.8%-34.8%), respectively. 24-month and 48-month rate of OS from A-RT were 49.1% (95% CI, 27.53-67.5%) and 36.3 (95%16.0-57.1%). Grade 3 acute and late GI toxicity was noted in 3 and 1 patients, respectively, including 2 bleeding events treated with transfusions. There were no ≥ grade 4 events. CONCLUSION In patients with surgically resectable PDAC we found that definitive A-RT following multiagent induction therapy was associated with oncologic outcomes similar to resection with minimal toxicity.
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Under-Representation for Female Cancers in Commercial Auto-Segmentation Solutions and Open-Source Imaging Datasets. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S17. [PMID: 37784423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Auto-segmentations methods to aid radiation therapy (RT) workflows have recently emerged with the increasing availability of commercial solutions for organs at risk (OARs) in addition to open-source imaging datasets that support training for new auto-segmentation algorithms. Here, we explored whether female and male cancer sites are equally represented among these solutions. MATERIALS/METHODS Inquiries were sent out to five major RT vendors regarding their currently available auto-segmentation solutions. Additionally, The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) was screened for publicly available imaging datasets pertaining to female and male tumor sites. RESULTS The five commercial solutions provided a median of 103 (range: 60-120) OAR auto-segmentations of which the majority concerned the head and neck (45 (24-55)) and thorax (34 (27-43)) and were provided by all vendors (Table). Prostate as a site was also provided by all vendors and included 17 (9-20) auto-segmentations. A total of 23 publicly available TCIA imaging datasets involved the female anatomy (breast: 19; cervix: 2; ovarian: 1; uterus: 1) while 11 imaging datasets involved the male anatomy (prostate). No OARs segmentations were available for the 23 female-specific datasets while 27% of the 11 prostate datasets included segmented OARs. Three vendors and two TCIA datasets provided organs involved in the male sexual function apparatus (neurovascular bundle and penile bulb), whereas nipple or areola segmentations were not available among the commercial solutions for breast or among the TCIA breast datasets. None of the TCIA datasets or any of the five commercial solutions provided OARs for the female pelvis such as organs involved in reproduction (ovaries), sexual health (clitoris, vagina) or the cervix and uterus. Further, auto-segmentations provided for OARs trained exclusively on the male pelvis are likely inadequate for female cancers given the substantial anatomical differences between genders. CONCLUSION Commercial auto-segmentation solutions and open-source imaging datasets together include considerably more datasets, tumor sites and consequently more OAR auto-segmentations pertaining to male cancers compared to female cancers. Despite a 1.4 times higher incidence for female cancers (breast: 300,590; female pelvis: 114,810; male cancer: 299,540; Siegel RL et al CA Cancer J Clin 2023), auto-segmentation models are lacking, and this gender disparity is likely to lead to suboptimal care for female-specific cancers.
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Engineered bacteria to accelerate wound healing: an adaptive, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, first-in-human phase 1 trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 60:102014. [PMID: 37251631 PMCID: PMC10220316 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Impaired wound healing is a growing medical problem and very few approved drugs with documented clinical efficacy are available. CXCL12-expressing lactic acid bacteria, Limosilactobacillus reuteri (ILP100-Topical), has been demonstrated to accelerate wound healing in controlled preclinical models. In this first-in-human study, the primary objective was to determine safety and tolerability of the drug candidate ILP100-Topical, while secondary objectives included assessments of clinical and biologic effects on wound healing by traditionally accepted methods and explorative and traceable assessments. Methods SITU-SAFE is an adaptive, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, first-in-human phase 1 trial (EudraCT 2019-000680-24) consisting of a single (SAD) and a multiple ascending dose (MAD) part of three dose cohorts each. The study was performed at the Phase 1 Unit, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. Data in this article were collected between Sep 20th, 2019 and Oct 20th 2021. In total 240 wounds were induced on the upper arms in 36 healthy volunteers. SAD: 12 participants, 4 wounds (2/arm), MAD: 24 participants, 8 wounds (4/arm). Wounds in each participant were randomised to treatment with placebo/saline or ILP100-Topical. Findings In all individuals and doses, ILP100-Topical was safe and well-tolerated with no systemic exposure. A combined cohort analysis showed a significantly larger proportion of healed wounds (p = 0.020) on Day 32 by multi-dosing of ILP100-Topical when compared to saline/placebo (76% (73/96) and 59% (57/96) healed wounds, respectively). In addition, time to first registered healing was shortened by 6 days on average, and by 10 days at highest dose. ILP100-Topical increased the density of CXCL12+ cells in the wounds and local wound blood perfusion. Interpretation The favourable safety profile and observed effects on wound healing support continued clinical development of ILP100-Topical for the treatment of complicated wounds in patients. Funding Ilya Pharma AB (Sponsor), H2020 SME Instrument Phase II (#804438), Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation.
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Quantitative Relaxometry for Target Localization and Response Assessment in Ultra-Hypofractionated MR-Guided Radiotherapy to the Prostate and DIL. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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A Model for Gastrointestinal Tract Motility in a 4D Imaging Phantom of Human Anatomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Focal Dose Intensification to the Dominant Intraprostatic Lesion (DIL) Using an MR-Linac Adaptive-Planning Approach for Prostate Cancer: Dosimetric Outcomes and Early Toxicity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A Novel Approach to Vessel-Sparing Prostate Radiotherapy Using MR-Only Simulation and Non-Contrast MR Angiography: Vessel Delineation Feasibility and SBRT Dosimetric Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Technological advancements in jaggery-making processes and emission reduction potential via clean combustion for sustainable jaggery production: An overview. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113792. [PMID: 34607137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Jaggery is a kind of unrefined non-centrifugal sugar (NCS) used mainly in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Traditionally, jaggery is produced by concentrating sugarcane juice in open pans with the help of bagasse combustion. However, due to thermal energy loss with flue gases and an unscientific approach in plant construction, jaggery plants have a poor thermal efficiency of less than 25%, poor emission characteristics, and a high bagasse consumption rate. Advanced jaggery-making techniques use solar energy and heat pumps for jaggery production. However, these techniques are in the early stage of development, and the literature indicates that these techniques should be used in conjuction with traditional ones to improve the performance of jaggery making plants. This literature review describes advances in jaggery-making methods, critically analyzed them, and provides a qualitative comparison of these methods. Further, gaps in the existing literature are identified and reported for future research direction. In addition, efforts have been made to quantify and estimate the emissions reduction and bagasse consumption potentials from the traditional jaggery industry to make this rural industry a sustainable and profitable business for rural entrepreneurs. The comparison with the recently developed clean combustion device exhibits that the harmful emissions from the jaggery industry could be reduced drastically viz. 95%-98% of PM2.5; 92%-95% of CO, and 52-60% of CO2, while saving more than 35% of bagasse consumption. Implemented at a national scale, it may reduce nearly 3% of all harmful emissions in the country, which is equally applicable elsewhere.
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PD-0798 Development and results of a patient-reported treatment experience questionnaire on a 1.5 T MR-Linac. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Impact of Air Cavity on Planning Dosimetry for Rectum Patients Treated on a 1.5T MR-Linac. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Psoriasiform plaques on the dorsa of the feet responding to zinc supplementation. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:195-198. [PMID: 32875610 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Exfoliated Graphene Sheets: Polymer Nanoparticles as a Tool and Their Anti‐Proliferative Activity. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Influence of replacing concentrate mixture with AFEX pellets on rumen fermentation, blood profile and acetamide content in the rumen of crossbred (Alpine × Beetle) female goats. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Reconstruction Failure Rates in Breast Cancer Patients with Two-Stage Expander/Implant Reconstruction Receiving Regional Nodal Irradiation with VMAT: Early Results of a Phase II Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Recent progress on biocompatible nanocarrier-based genistein delivery systems in cancer therapy. J Drug Target 2018; 27:394-407. [PMID: 30124078 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1514040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Diets with naturally occuring chemopreventive agents are showing good potentials in serving dual purposes: firstly, for maintaining health, and secondly, for emerging as most puissant cost-effective strategy against chronic diseases like cancer. Genistein, one of the active soy isoflavone, is gaining attention due to its ability to impede carcinogenic processes by regulating wide range of associated molecules and signalling mechanisms. Epidemiologic and preclinical evidences suggest that sufficient consumption of soy-based food having genistein can be correlated to the reduction of cancer risk. However, certain adverse effects like poor oral bioavailability, low aqueous solubility and inefficient pharmacokinetics have pushed it down in the list of phytoconstituents currently undergoing successful clinical trials. In order to maximise the utilisation of therapeutic benefits of this phytoestrogen, suitable drug carrier designs are required. Recently, nanocarriers, mainly composed of polymeric materials, are progressively and innovatively exploited with the aim to improve pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of genistein. Here, we have briefly reviewed (a) the targeted molecular mechanisms of geinstein, (b) nanopolymeric approaches opted so far in designing carriers and (c) the reasons behind their restricted clinical applications. Finally, some mechanism-based approaches are proposed presenting genistein as the future paradigm in cancer therapy.
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Changes in Multimodality MRI Characteristics Following SBRT in Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Correlation Between Tumor Metabolism and Semiquantitative Perfusion MRI Metrics in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Exfoliated graphene nanosheets: pH-sensitive drug carrier and anti-cancer activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 498:364-377. [PMID: 28343134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward and facile method for the exfoliation of graphene sheets using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) nanoparticles of an average size of 42nm was developed and their dual role as pH-sensitive drug carrier and anti-cancer agent was evaluated. The cytotoxic impact of the exfoliated nanosheets (GRP-PVP-NP) was examined on various cells (HCT-116, HeLa, SCC-9, NIH-3T3 and HEK-293cells) by a series of assays. Their cytotoxic nature was attributed to affecting the mitochondrial enzyme activity, proliferation capability, and the formation of tight junctions in cancer cells. The endocytosis was found to be internalization mechanism for the cellular uptake of nanosheets. The generation of reactive oxygen species and elicitation of caspase-3 activity which was undoubtedly associated with triggering of oxidative stress speculated to be the dominant cause of the cytotoxic pattern of nanosheets against cancer cells. Additionally, the results also showed the role of the nanosheets as a pH-sensitive drug carrier through drug loading by supramolecular interaction. The efficient release of doxorubicin was seen at low pH and in an environment with a low oxygen concentration, thus under conditions mimicking the typical tumor microenvironment. Therefore, these findings provide the first evidence for a dual function of exfoliated graphene sheets and also elucidate the cytotoxic mechanism responsible for the cancer cell death.
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36: A retrospective audit of the complication and success rates of CT-guided lung biopsies performed within Leicester Glenfield Hospital. Lung Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(17)30086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cancer therapeutics with epigallocatechin-3-gallate encapsulated in biopolymeric nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2016; 518:220-227. [PMID: 27988378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the recent quantum leap in chemoprevention by dietary products, their use as cancer therapeutics is garnering worldwide attention. The concept of effortlessly fighting this deadly disease by gulping cups of green tea or swallowing green tea extract capsules is appreciated universally. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol in green tea, has generated significant interest in controlling carcinogenesis due to its growth-inhibitory efficacy against a variety of cancers by targeting multiple signaling pathways. However, the success of EGCG in preclinical studies is difficult to translate into clinical trials due to issues of low solubility, bioavailability and an uncertain therapeutic window. The laborious and expensive journey of drugs from the laboratory to commercialization can be improved by utilizing nanoparticles as anti-cancer drug carriers. Exploitation of biopolymeric nanoparticles in recent years has improved EGCG's biodistribution, stability and tumor selectivity, revealing its superior chemopreventive effects. This review briefly summarizes recent developments regarding the targets and side effects of EGCG, complications associated with its low bioavailability and critically analyses the application of biopolymeric nanoparticles encapsulating EGCG as a next generation delivery systems.
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Potential Contribution of Antioxidant Mechanism in the Defensive Effect of Lycopene Against Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation Induced Behavioral, Biochemical and Histopathological Modification in Wistar Rats. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2016; 66:633-638. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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SU-G-JeP2-06: Dosimetric and Workflow Evaluation of First Commercial Synthetic CT Software for Clinical Use in Pelvis. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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TU-AB-BRA-03: Atlas-Based Algorithms with Local Registration-Goodness Weighting for MRI-Driven Electron Density Mapping. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-D-207B-04: Morphological Features of MRI as a Correlate of Capsular Contracture in Breast Cancer Patients with Implant-Based Reconstructions. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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WE-FG-202-07: An MRI-Based Approach to Quantify Radiation-Induced Normal Tissue Injury Applied to Trismus After Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-F-J-104: Weekly MRI for Dose Assessment of Organs at Risk During Treatment of HN Cancer of the Oropharynx. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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TH-EF-BRA-09: Direct Comparison of T2-Based Respiratory-Correlated 4DMRI Reconstructed from Simultaneous Internal Navigator and External Bellows. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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WE-FG-206-06: Dual-Input Tracer Kinetic Modeling and Its Analog Implementation for Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE-) MRI of Malignant Mesothelioma (MPM). Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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OC-0155: MR-guided multi-atlas based synthetic CT for MR-only radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Homocysteine Induced Cerebrovascular Dysfunction: A Link to Alzheimer's Disease Etiology. Open Neurol J 2015; 9:9-14. [PMID: 26157520 PMCID: PMC4485324 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01509010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A high serum level of homocysteine, known as hyperhomocystenemia (HHcy) is associated with vascular dysfunction such as altered angiogenesis and increased membrane permeability. Epidemiological studies have found associations between HHcy and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression that eventually leads to vascular dementia (VaD). VaD is the second most common cause of dementia in people older than 65, the first being AD. VaD affects the quality of life for those suffering by drastically decreasing their cognitive function. VaD, a cerebrovascular disease, generally occurs due to cerebral ischemic events from either decreased perfusion or hemorrhagic lesions. HHcy is associated with the hallmarks of dementia such as tau phosphorylation, Aβ aggregation, neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Previous reports also suggest HHcy may promote AD like pathology by more than one mechanism, including cerebral microangiopathy, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and apoptosis. Despite the corelations presented above, the question still exists – does homocysteine have a causal connection to AD? In this review, we highlight the role of HHcy in relation to AD by discussing its neurovascular effects and amelioration with dietary supplements. Moreover, we consider the studies using animal models to unravel the connection of Hcy to AD.
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SU-E-J-264: Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Features to Quantify Radiotherapy-Induced Normal Tissue Morbidity. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-E-J-238: First-Order Approximation of Time-Resolved 4DMRI From Cine 2DMRI and Respiratory-Correlated 4DMRI. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-E-J-213: Visualization of Scans and Metrics for Longitudinal Informatics. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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TU-CD-BRA-02: Comparing Mutual Information and Gradient Magnitude Metrics for Deformable Image Registration. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-F-303-16: Multi-Atlas and Learning Based Segmentation of Head and Neck Normal Structures From Multi-Parametric MRI. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Delineation of the role of glycosylation in the cytotoxic properties of quercetin using novel assays in living vertebrates. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:2389-2396. [PMID: 25397870 DOI: 10.1021/np500231g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid and its cytotoxic properties have been widely reported. However, in nature, quercetin predominantly occurs as various glycosides. Thus far the cytotoxic activity of these glycosides has not been investigated to the same extent as quercetin, especially in animal models. In this study, the cytotoxic properties of quercetin (1), hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside, 2), isoquercitrin (quercetin 3-O-glucoside, 3), quercitrin (quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside, 4), and spiraeoside (quercetin 4'-O-glucoside, 5) were directly compared in vitro using assays of cancer cell viability. To further characterize the influence of glycosylation in vivo, a novel zebrafish-based assay was developed that allows the rapid and experimentally convenient visualization of glycoside cleavage in the digestive tract. This assay was correlated with a novel human tumor xenograft assay in the same animal model. The results showed that 3 is as effective as 1 at inhibiting cancer cell proliferation in vivo. Moreover, it was observed that 3 can be effectively deglycosylated in the digestive tract. Collectively, these results indicate that 3 is a very promising drug candidate for cancer therapy, because glycosylation confers advantageous pharmacological changes compared with the aglycone, 1. Importantly, the development of a novel and convenient fluorescence-based assay for monitoring deglycosylation in living vertebrates provides a valuable platform for determining the metabolic fate of naturally occurring glycosides.
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Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated Without Concurrent Chemotherapy: What Is the Optimal Radiation Dose? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Protein-coated pH-responsive gold nanoparticles: Microwave-assisted synthesis and surface charge-dependent anticancer activity. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1452-1462. [PMID: 25247128 PMCID: PMC4168932 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The biocompatibility and ease of functionalization of gold nanoparticles underlie significant potential in biotechnology and biomedicine. Eight different proteins were examined in the preparation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in aqueous medium under microwave irradiation. Six of the proteins resulted in the formation of AuNPs. The intrinsic pH of the proteins played an important role in AuNPs with strong surface plasmon bands. The hydrodynamic size of the nanoparticles was larger than the values observed by TEM and ImageJ. The formation of a protein layer on the AuNPs accounts for this difference. The AuNPs exhibited sensitivity towards varying pH conditions, which was confirmed by determining the difference in the isoelectric points studied by using pH-dependent zeta potential titration. Cytotoxicity studies revealed anticancerous effects of the AuNPs at a certain micromolar concentration by constraining the growth of cancer cells with different efficacies due to the use of different proteins as capping agents. The positively charged AuNPs are internalized by the cells to a greater level than the negatively charged AuNPs. These AuNPs synthesized with protein coating holds promise as anticancer agents and would help in providing a new paradigm in area of nanoparticles.
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Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated Without Concurrent Chemotherapy: What Is the Optimal Radiation Dose? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Weekly On-Treatment MRIs During Radiation Therapy (RT) in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Patients to Monitor Treatment Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Weekly On-Treatment MRIs During Radiation Therapy (RT) in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Patients to Monitor Normal Tissue Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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WE-G-BRD-02: Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI for Response Assessment of Inoperable Lung Tumors for Patients Undergoing SBRT Treatment. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-E-J-137: Incorporating Tumor Regression Into Robust Plan Optimization for Head and Neck Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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WE-G-BRD-01: Diffusion Weighted MRI for Response Assessment of Inoperable Lung Tumors for Patients Undergoing SBRT Treatment. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-E-J-238: Monitoring Lymph Node Volumes During Radiotherapy Using Semi-Automatic Segmentation of MRI Images. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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WE-D-9A-04: Improving Multi-Modality Image Registration Using Edge-Based Transformations. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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