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Bar Kutiel P, Katz O, Dorman M. Spatial Heterogeneity Effects on Meta-Community Stability of Annual Plants from a Coastal Dune Ecosystem. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12112151. [PMID: 37299130 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spatial heterogeneity affects plant community composition and diversity. It is particularly noticeable in annual plant communities, which vary in space and time over short distances and periods, forming meta-communities at the regional scale. This study was conducted at the coastal dune ecosystem in Nizzanim nature reserve, Israel. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the spatial heterogeneity, which is expressed in differences in the fixation levels of the dunes and patches outside and beneath the dominant Artemisia monosperma shrubs, on the characteristics of the annual plant meta-community and its temporal stability, considering the mechanisms that may affect it. Thirteen dunes were studied: three mobile, seven semi-fixed, and three fixed dunes. Data on the annual plants were collected during the spring seasons of 2006, 2007, 2009, 2014, 2015, and 2016. For each dune, 72 quadrats of 40×40 cm were sampled yearly, with 24 quadrats per slope aspect (windward, leeward, and crest), 12 under the shrub, and 12 in the open. The results indicate that the transition from mobile dunes through semi-fixed to fixed dunes is characterized by an increase in annual plant cover, species richness, species diversity, changes in plant communities, and stability driven by the asynchrony of species population fluctuations. Asynchrony affected the stability of the meta-community of this ecosystem in patches beneath the shrubs but not in the open patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pua Bar Kutiel
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ofir Katz
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Mt. Masada, Tamar Regional Council, Tamar 86910, Israel
- Eilat Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Hatmarim Blv, Eilat 8855630, Israel
| | - Michael Dorman
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel
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de Tombeur F, Raven JA, Toussaint A, Lambers H, Cooke J, Hartley SE, Johnson SN, Coq S, Katz O, Schaller J, Violle C. Why do plants silicify? Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:275-288. [PMID: 36428125 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite seminal papers that stress the significance of silicon (Si) in plant biology and ecology, most studies focus on manipulations of Si supply and mitigation of stresses. The ecological significance of Si varies with different levels of biological organization, and remains hard to capture. We show that the costs of Si accumulation are greater than is currently acknowledged, and discuss potential links between Si and fitness components (growth, survival, reproduction), environment, and ecosystem functioning. We suggest that Si is more important in trait-based ecology than is currently recognized. Si potentially plays a significant role in many aspects of plant ecology, but knowledge gaps prevent us from understanding its possible contribution to the success of some clades and the expansion of specific biomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix de Tombeur
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France; School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, UK; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Aurèle Toussaint
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Julia Cooke
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Sue E Hartley
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Scott N Johnson
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Sylvain Coq
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Ofir Katz
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Mount Masada, Tamar Regional Council, Israel; Eilat Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat, Israel
| | - Jörg Schaller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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3
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Katz O. The ecosystem services framework in archaeology (and vice versa). People and Nature 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Katz
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Tamar Regional Council Tamar Israel
- Eilat Campus Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Eilat Israel
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Yu S, Li D, Liu C, Katz O. Propagule size and seed development duration: high photosynthate allocation and growth allometry. Planta 2022; 255:79. [PMID: 35247084 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The divergences in propagule mass have been more consistently associated with divergences in seed development duration or fruit pedicel cross-sectional area than with divergences in any other biotic factors. Allometry and Corner's rule became an important theme in evolutionary biology of plant trait structure and function. Being one of the most widely noticed plant traits, propagule (seed and fruit) mass variation mechanism across species is still controversial. Here we examined correlations between propagule mass and seed development duration as well as other traits, such as cross-sectional area of fruit pedicel, life form, fruit type and leaf area over four census years, to test an important life history strategy for propagule biomass allocation. We investigated 491 species, belonging to 91 families and 320 genera, representing 95% of native wild species in Beijing Botanical Garden. The scaling correlations between propagule mass and seed development duration and the other traits were determined using phylogenetic generalized linear models. Results show a significant positive relationship among propagule mass and seed development duration, leaf area and pedicel cross-sectional area for all species and for each life form (except vines) regardless of phylogeny. The variation in seed mass has been more consistently associated with variation in seed development duration than with divergences in any other variable, such as growth form, fruit type, pedicel cross-sectional area and leaf area, whereas variation in fruit weight was found to be more associated with variation in pedicel cross-sectional area than the other. Biotic factors, such as seed development duration, pedicel cross-sectional area, growth form and leaf area, mediate propagule size variation, of which seed development duration or pedicel cross-sectional area is the most important. The results further supported a hypothesis that large-seeded species evolved owing to high photosynthate availability and growth allometry in plant body. A mechanistic mathematical model involving seed development duration was provided to expound propagule mass variations across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Changes, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
| | - Danfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Changes, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Canran Liu
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Ofir Katz
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Tamar Regional Council, 86910, Neve Zohar, Israel
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Katz O, Puppe D, Kaczorek D, Prakash NB, Schaller J. Silicon in the Soil-Plant Continuum: Intricate Feedback Mechanisms within Ecosystems. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:652. [PMID: 33808069 PMCID: PMC8066056 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plants' ability to take up silicon from the soil, accumulate it within their tissues and then reincorporate it into the soil through litter creates an intricate network of feedback mechanisms in ecosystems. Here, we provide a concise review of silicon's roles in soil chemistry and physics and in plant physiology and ecology, focusing on the processes that form these feedback mechanisms. Through this review and analysis, we demonstrate how this feedback network drives ecosystem processes and affects ecosystem functioning. Consequently, we show that Si uptake and accumulation by plants is involved in several ecosystem services like soil appropriation, biomass supply, and carbon sequestration. Considering the demand for food of an increasing global population and the challenges of climate change, a detailed understanding of the underlying processes of these ecosystem services is of prime importance. Silicon and its role in ecosystem functioning and services thus should be the main focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Katz
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Mt. Masada, Tamar Regional Council, 86910 Tamar, Israel
- Eilat Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Hatmarim Blv, 8855630 Eilat, Israel
| | - Daniel Puppe
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Danuta Kaczorek
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (J.S.)
- Department of Soil Environment Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), 02776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nagabovanalli B. Prakash
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Jörg Schaller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (J.S.)
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Pascucci M, Ganesan S, Tripathi A, Katz O, Emiliani V, Guillon M. Compressive three-dimensional super-resolution microscopy with speckle-saturated fluorescence excitation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1327. [PMID: 30902978 PMCID: PMC6430798 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonlinear structured illumination microscopy (nSIM) is an effective approach for super-resolution wide-field fluorescence microscopy with a theoretically unlimited resolution. In nSIM, carefully designed, highly-contrasted illumination patterns are combined with the saturation of an optical transition to enable sub-diffraction imaging. While the technique proved useful for two-dimensional imaging, extending it to three-dimensions is challenging due to the fading of organic fluorophores under intense cycling conditions. Here, we present a compressed sensing approach that allows 3D sub-diffraction nSIM of cultured cells by saturating fluorescence excitation. Exploiting the natural orthogonality of speckles at different axial planes, 3D probing of the sample is achieved by a single two-dimensional scan. Fluorescence contrast under saturated excitation is ensured by the inherent high density of intensity minima associated with optical vortices in polarized speckle patterns. Compressed speckle microscopy is thus a simple approach that enables 3D super-resolved nSIM imaging with potentially considerably reduced acquisition time and photobleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pascucci
- Neurophotonics Laboratory UMR8250, University Paris Descartes, 47 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270, Paris, France
| | - S Ganesan
- Neurophotonics Laboratory UMR8250, University Paris Descartes, 47 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270, Paris, France
| | - A Tripathi
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.,Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, India
| | - O Katz
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - V Emiliani
- Neurophotonics Laboratory UMR8250, University Paris Descartes, 47 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270, Paris, France
| | - M Guillon
- Neurophotonics Laboratory UMR8250, University Paris Descartes, 47 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270, Paris, France.
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7
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Katz O. Plant Silicon and Phytolith Research and the Earth-Life Superdiscipline. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1281. [PMID: 30233622 PMCID: PMC6134949 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Katz O. Extending the scope of Darwin's 'abominable mystery': integrative approaches to understanding angiosperm origins and species richness. Ann Bot 2018; 121:1-8. [PMID: 29040393 PMCID: PMC5786222 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Angiosperms are the most species-rich group of land plants, but their origins and fast and intense diversification still require an explanation. Scope Extending research scopes can broaden theoretical frameworks and lines of evidence that can lead to solving this 'abominable mystery'. Solutions lie in understanding evolutionary trends across taxa and throughout the Phanerozoic, and integration between hypotheses and ideas that are derived from multiple disciplines. Key Findings Descriptions of evolutionary chronologies should integrate between molecular phylogenies, descriptive palaeontology and palaeoecology. New molecular chronologies open new avenues of research of possible Palaeozoic angiosperm ancestors and how they evolved during as many as 200Myr until the emergence of true angiosperms. The idea that 'biodiversity creates biodiversity' requires evidence from past and present ecologies, with changes in herbivory and resource availability throughout the Phanerozoic appearing to be particularly promising. Conclusions Promoting our understanding of angiosperm origins and diversification in particular, and the evolution of biodiversity in general, requires more profound understanding of the ecological past through integrating taxonomic, temporal and ecological scopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Katz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Mt Massada, Tamar Regional Council, Israel
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9
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Kohavi LK, Rogers T, Giladi M, Dekel M, Gat A, Bentwich Z, Katz O, Sprecher E, Goldberg I. Giant pyogenic granuloma of the finger in an HIV-positive patient. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:e512-e513. [PMID: 28556978 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L K Kohavi
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - T Rogers
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - M Giladi
- Infectious Disease Unit, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - M Dekel
- Infectious Disease Unit, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - A Gat
- Department of Pathology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - Z Bentwich
- The Crusaid Kobler AIDS Center, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - O Katz
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - E Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
| | - I Goldberg
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
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Yu S, Katz O, Fang W, Li D, Sang W, Liu C. Shift of fleshy fruited species along elevation: temperature, canopy coverage, phylogeny and origin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40417. [PMID: 28084416 PMCID: PMC5233997 DOI: 10.1038/srep40417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant communities differ in their fruit type spectra, especially in the proportions of fleshy and non-fleshy fruit types. However, which abiotic and biotic factors drive this variability along elevation gradient and what drives the evolution of fruit type diversity still are puzzling. We analyzed the variations in proportions and richness of fleshy-fruited species and their correlations to various abiotic and biotic variables along elevation gradients in three mountains in the Beijing region, northeast China. Fleshy-fruited species, which are characterized by high fruit water contents, were found in great proportion and richness at relatively low elevations, where soil water content is low compared to high elevations. High temperatures in low elevations increase water availability for plants. Plants that grow in the shaded low-elevation thick-canopy forests are less exposed to evapotranspiration and thus possess water surpluses that can be invested in fleshy fruits. Such an investment in fleshy fruits is beneficial for these species because it makes the fruits more attractive to frugivores that act as seed dispersers in the close-canopied environments, where dispersion by wind is less effective. A hypothesis is proposed that plant internal water surpluses are the prerequisite conditions that permit evolution of fleshy fruits to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Ofir Katz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.,The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Tamar Regional Council 8691000, Israel
| | - Weiwei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Danfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Weiguo Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.,College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Canran Liu
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
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Alkan U, Nachalon Y, Vaisbuch Y, Katz O, Hamzany Y, Stern Y. Treating paediatric anterior glottic web: single-centre experience of 20 patients with comparison among techniques. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:893-897. [PMID: 27608279 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Alkan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Y Nachalon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Vaisbuch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Katz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Hamzany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Y Stern
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Upper Airway Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Katz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, 84105, Israel
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13
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Katz O. Beyond grasses: the potential benefits of studying silicon accumulation in non-grass species. Front Plant Sci 2014; 5:376. [PMID: 25132839 PMCID: PMC4116777 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Katz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBe'er-Sheva, Israel
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Klar
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa Israel
| | - E. Aharonov
- Institute of Earth Sciences; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - B. Kalderon-Asael
- Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences; Tel-Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - O. Katz
- Geological Survey of Israel; Jerusalem Israel
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Abstract
Virilization in an adolescent patient can occur for multiple reasons (ovarian, suprarenal or exogenous reasons). We describe a 14-year-old patient with 1-year secondary amenorrhea, who had an ovarian mature teratoma as a cause of her clinical history.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fidalgo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Adolescent Section, Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Katz O, Gilead I, Bar Kutiel P, Shahack-Gross R. Chalcolithic Agricultural Life at Grar, Northern Negev, Israel: Dry Farmed Cereals and Dung-Fueled Hearths. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3406/paleo.2007.5223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O. Katz
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Microelectronics Research Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - A. Horn
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Microelectronics Research Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Moved to Intel Inc., Haifa
| | - G. Bahir
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Microelectronics Research Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - J. Salzman
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Microelectronics Research Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Yagupsky P, Katz O, Peled N, Dagan R. In vitro activity of novel fluoroquinolones against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children with acute otitis media. Chemotherapy 2001; 47:354-8. [PMID: 11561138 DOI: 10.1159/000048543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, novel fluoroquinolones with improved activity against gram-positive organisms have been introduced into clinical practice. These drugs may be of potential benefit for the treatment of pneumococcal otitis media, including infections caused by organisms resistant to conventional drugs. METHODS In vitro activity of 6 fluoroquinolones against 77 pneumococcal isolates from middle-ear fluid was determined by the E test. RESULTS Resistance to penicillin, co-trimoxazole, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline was present in 59 (76.6%), 47 (61.0%), 19 (24.7%), 11 (14.3%), and 17 (22.1%) isolates, respectively. Fluoroquinolone MIC(50) and MIC(90) (in microg/ml) were as follows: ciprofloxacin: 1.0 and 3.0, levofloxacin: 0.75 and 1.0, sparfloxacin: 0.25 and 0.38, grepafloxacin: 0.25 and 0.38, trovafloxacin: 0.094 and 0.125, and moxifloxacin: 0.19 and 0.25, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Novel fluoroquinolones and especially trovafloxacin and moxifloxacin appear to be of potential value for the treatment of acute otitis media caused by pneumococci resistant to traditional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yagupsky
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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Lahav M, Kharitonov AB, Katz O, Kunitake T, Willner I. Tailored chemosensors for chloroaromatic acids using molecular imprinted TiO2 thin films on ion-sensitive field-effect transistors. Anal Chem 2001; 73:720-3. [PMID: 11217792 DOI: 10.1021/ac000751j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The SiO2 gate of an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor, (ISFET), is functionalized with a TiO2 film that includes imprinted molecular sites for 4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, (1), or 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, (2). The functionalized devices that include the imprinted interfaces reveal an impressive selectivity in the sensing of the imprinted substrates Na+ -1 or Na+ -2. The detection limit for Na+ -1 is (5+/-2) x 10(-4) M, which corresponds to 38 mV x dec(-1) in the concentration range of 0.5 to 6 mM. The detection limit for the analysis of Na+ -2 is (1.0+/-0.2) x 10(-5) M, which corresponds to 28 mV dec(-1) in the concentration range 0.1-9.0 mM. The equilibration time of the devices is ca. 5 min.
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Yagupsky P, Katz O, Peled N. Antibiotic susceptibility of Kingella kingae isolates from respiratory carriers and patients with invasive infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001; 47:191-3. [PMID: 11157905 DOI: 10.1093/jac/47.2.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial drug susceptibilities of 145 isolates of Kingella kingae to eight antibiotics were determined by the disc diffusion method. In addition, penicillin MICs were determined by the Etest. Study isolates included 37 from blood, 34 from the skeletal system and 74 from respiratory carriers. All isolates were beta-lactamase negative and susceptible to erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. A single isolate exhibited resistance to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and 56 (38.6%) were resistant to clindamycin. The penicillin MIC(50) was 0.023 mg/L and the MIC(90) was 0.047 mg/L. The distribution of MIC values did not differ according to the site of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yagupsky
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel.
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Halchini C, Hanssen M, Gottwalles Y, Katz O, Boulenc J. Crit Care 2001; 1:P109. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gottwalles Y, Katz O, Boulenc JM, Monassier JP, Couppié P, Hanssen M. Sudden death resuscitation announcing acute myocardial infarction: early outcome and mortality factors. Crit Care 2001. [PMCID: PMC3333355 DOI: 10.1186/cc1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
The epitope EFRH, corresponding to amino acids 3-6 within the human beta-amyloid peptide (AbetaP), acts as a regulatory site controlling both the formation and disaggregation process of the beta-amyloid fibrils (Abeta). Locking of this epitope by highly specific antibodies affects the dynamics of the entire AbetaP molecule, preventing self-aggregation as well as enabling resolubilization of already formed aggregates. Production of such antibodies by repeated injections of toxic human Abeta fibrils into transgenic mice suggests the feasibility of vaccination against Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report the development of an immunization procedure for the production of effective anti-aggregating beta-amyloid antibodies based on filamentous phages displaying the EFRH peptide as specific and nontoxic antigen. Effective autoimmune antibodies were obtained by EFRH phage administration in guinea pigs, which exhibit AbetaP identical to the human AbetaP region. Moreover, because of the high antigenicity of the phage, no adjuvant is required to obtain high affinity anti-aggregating IgG antibodies after a short immunization period of 3 weeks. Availability of such antibodies opens up possibilities for the development of an efficient and long-lasting vaccination for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Frenkel
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Abstract
As they probe the skin for blood, sand flies inject saliva that prevents hemostasis. Sand fly saliva also promotes leishmaniasis by suppressing immunologic functions of macrophages. Saliva of Phlebotomus papatasi, the vector of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis, contains adenosine and AMP. We show that Ph. papatasi saliva as well as pure adenosine down-regulate the expression of the inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase gene in activated macrophages. In addition Ph. papatasi, but not Lutzomyia longipalpis, saliva inhibits the production of NO. Taken together, these data suggest that salivary adenosine is responsible for the down-regulation of NO synthesis. Saliva of both genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia contains significant levels of endogenous protein phosphatase-1/2A-like activity that is heat labile, inhibitable by okadaic acid and calyculine a, and does not require divalent cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Katz
- Department of Parasitology, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Abstract
Gynecomastia in boys with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and Sertoli cell tumors of gonadal origin results from increased estrogen production due to increased aromatase activity within the testicular tumor. We present a prepubertal boy with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, gynecomastia and bilateral neoplastic Sertoli cell proliferation in whom the only abnormal hormonal profile was increased concentration of inhibin B and Pro-alpha C in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bergadá
- División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños, R. Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
In a group of 520 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, 23 (4. 4%) were enzyme immunoassay (EIA) positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and indeterminate by Western blot (IWB) analysis. The antibodies were mostly directed against p24 and p55 antigens. A comparison between hemodialysis patients with and without IWB showed significant differences between the two groups with respect to number of units of blood transfused, history of renal transplant rejection, and Rh status. No significant differences were observed with respect to ethnic group, nature of renal disease, duration of hemodialysis, associated diseases, and ABO blood group. The HIV IWB phenomenon may represent abnormal immune reactivity as a result of transplantation antigens and/or autoantibody formation. Five-year follow-up of the HIV EIA-positive IWB patients showed that none had seroconverted to HIV-positive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vardinon
- Department of Medicine A, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Ribeiro JM, Katz O, Pannell LK, Waitumbi J, Warburg A. Salivary glands of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi contain pharmacologically active amounts of adenosine and 5′-AMP. J Exp Biol 1999; 202:1551-9. [PMID: 10229701 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202.11.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Salivary gland homogenates of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi contain large amounts of adenosine and 5′-AMP, of the order of 1 nmol per pair of glands, as demonstrated by liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectrometry, mass spectrometry and bioassays. These purines, 75–80 % of which are secreted from the glands following a blood meal, have vasodilatory and anti-platelet activities and probably help the fly to obtain a blood meal. Salivary 5′-AMP is also responsible for the previously reported protein phosphatase inhibitor in the salivary glands of P. papatasi, which is shown to be artifactual in nature as a result of allosteric modification by AMP of the phosphatase substrate used (phosphorylase a).
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Building 4, Room 126, Bethesda, MD 20892-0425, USA.
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Gottwalles Y, Haussen M, Katz O, Gagneur D, Paneau D, Verdun A, Ponchon-Wees A, Zimmermann A, Boulenc J, Weisse D. P-97 A pulmonary artery rupture treated by embolization coils: A case report. Resuscitation 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0300-9572(96)83958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Monassier JP, Gressin V, Louvard Y, Hanssen M, Levy J, Katz O. [Myocardial reperfusion syndrome]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992; 85:743-50. [PMID: 1530417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial reperfusion is associated with a number of clinical, electrocardiographic (arrhythmias, conduction defects, ST segment changes), haemodynamic and biological events. The commonest arrhythmias are ventricular extra-systoles, rapid ventricular tachycardias, and accelerated idio-ventricular rhythms. Reperfusion bradycardias are less common. When the arrhythmia is related to ischaemia it usually regresses when perfusion is restored. Reperfusion of the inferior wall of the left ventricle is often associated with sinus bradycardia and hypotension. The ST segment changes may evolve in two different ways: progressive regression or accentuation of ST elevation. When the responsible artery is recanalized, there is an immediate rise in plasma enzyme and myoglobin concentrations. The peak CPK concentration is usually observed after the 12th hours. The diagnostic value of the reperfusion syndrome lies in the interpretation of rapid ventricular tachycardias, accelerated idio-ventricular rhythms, ST segment changes and immediate rise in plasma CPK levels. The clinical risks of the reperfusion syndrome are low, practically never rhythmic and only exceptionally haemodynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Monassier
- Service de cardiologie, centre hospitalier du Hasenrain, Mulhouse
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Monassier JP, Hanssen M, Katz O, Zimmermann A. [Transluminal balloon coronary angioplasty. Indications and results]. Rev Prat 1990; 40:2421-30. [PMID: 2277934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen years after its introduction transluminal balloon catheter angioplasty is a widely used technique. Owing to major technological advances and to the experience acquired by surgical teams, the primary success rate now reaches 90 p. 100. Hospital mortality has fallen down to 1 p. 100 and the need for emergency aorto-coronary bypass has been reduced to 4 p. 100 of the cases. However, despite repeated attempts at pharmacological or mechanical prevention, the restenosis rate remains around 30 p. 100. Coronary angioplasty is part of a wider strategy of myocardial reperfusion. Its indications are roughly the same as those of surgery. In patients with one-vessel coronary disease angioplasty is the first choice treatment, except for unprotected restenosis of the common trunk or very proximal lesions of the anterior interventricular artery. In multiple vessel disease the more complex the anatomical situation the more pronounced the left ventricular dysfunction and the greater the need for surgery. The acute phase of myocardial infarction is a legitimate indication for angioplasty, notably when thrombolytic agents are contraindicated or have failed when given intravenously, or in case of recurrence after an initially successful thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Monassier
- Service de cardiologie, clinique Saint-Joseph, Colmar
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Monassier JP, Hanssen M, Fritz A, Katz O, Hertzog M. [Coronary reperfusion by anistreplase (Eminase) used intravenously during the acute phase of myocardial infarction]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1990; 83 Spec No 1:21-4. [PMID: 2108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronary recanalisation rate is one of the parameters utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of a thrombolytic agent. This parameter can only be measured when the occlusion and reopening of the coronary artery involved are demonstrated by angiography. Moreover, this type of study enables the kinetics of drug activity to be accurately determined. When injected intravenously in doses of 30 units less than four hours after the onset of chest pain and when studied by this method, Eminase produces recanalisation in more than 60 per 100 of the cases. The time elapsed between injection and action is 45 minutes on average. The risk of early reocclusion is low (about 5%). The recanalisation rate obtained with Eminase is similar to that obtained with intracoronary streptokinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Monassier
- Service de cardiologie, clinique Saint-Joseph, Colmar
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Katz O. [The "Führer" treats himself. Based on now available records of the physician Theo Morell the realistic profile of the secret diseases of Adolf Hitler are recognized (I)]. Fortschr Med 1984; 102:70-1. [PMID: 6389285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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