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Steinberg S, de Jong S, Mattheisen M, Costas J, Demontis D, Jamain S, Pietiläinen OPH, Lin K, Papiol S, Huttenlocher J, Sigurdsson E, Vassos E, Giegling I, Breuer R, Fraser G, Walker N, Melle I, Djurovic S, Agartz I, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Suvisaari J, Lönnqvist J, Paunio T, Olsen L, Hansen T, Ingason A, Pirinen M, Strengman E, Hougaard DM, Ørntoft T, Didriksen M, Hollegaard MV, Nordentoft M, Abramova L, Kaleda V, Arrojo M, Sanjuán J, Arango C, Etain B, Bellivier F, Méary A, Schürhoff F, Szoke A, Ribolsi M, Magni V, Siracusano A, Sperling S, Rossner M, Christiansen C, Kiemeney LA, Franke B, van den Berg LH, Veldink J, Curran S, Bolton P, Poot M, Staal W, Rehnstrom K, Kilpinen H, Freitag CM, Meyer J, Magnusson P, Saemundsen E, Martsenkovsky I, Bikshaieva I, Martsenkovska I, Vashchenko O, Raleva M, Paketchieva K, Stefanovski B, Durmishi N, Milovancevic MP, Tosevski DL, Silagadze T, Naneishvili N, Mikeladze N, Surguladze S, Vincent JB, Farmer A, Mitchell PB, Wright A, Schofield PR, Fullerton JM, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Rubino IA, van Winkel R, Kenis G, De Hert M, Réthelyi JM, Bitter I, Terenius L, Jönsson EG, Bakker S, van Os J, Jablensky A, Leboyer M, Bramon E, Powell J, Murray R, Corvin A, Gill M, Morris D, O’Neill FA, Kendler K, Riley B, Craddock N, Owen MJ, O’Donovan MC, Thorsteinsdottir U, Kong A, Ehrenreich H, Carracedo A, Golimbet V, Andreassen OA, Børglum AD, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Werge T, Ophoff RA, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Ruggeri M, Tosato S, Palotie A, St Clair D, Rujescu D, Collier DA, Stefansson H, Stefansson K. Common variant at 16p11.2 conferring risk of psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:108-14. [PMID: 23164818 PMCID: PMC3872086 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and genetic data support the notion that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share genetic risk factors. In our previous genome-wide association study, meta-analysis and follow-up (totaling as many as 18 206 cases and 42 536 controls), we identified four loci showing genome-wide significant association with schizophrenia. Here we consider a mixed schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (psychosis) phenotype (addition of 7469 bipolar disorder cases, 1535 schizophrenia cases, 333 other psychosis cases, 808 unaffected family members and 46 160 controls). Combined analysis reveals a novel variant at 16p11.2 showing genome-wide significant association (rs4583255[T]; odds ratio=1.08; P=6.6 × 10(-11)). The new variant is located within a 593-kb region that substantially increases risk of psychosis when duplicated. In line with the association of the duplication with reduced body mass index (BMI), rs4583255[T] is also associated with lower BMI (P=0.0039 in the public GIANT consortium data set; P=0.00047 in 22 651 additional Icelanders).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone de Jong
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Javier Costas
- Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genetics, and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
| | - Olli P H Pietiläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Department of Neuroscience, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Sergi Papiol
- DFG Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Huttenlocher
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Engilbert Sigurdsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Ina Giegling
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - René Breuer
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gillian Fraser
- Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Ingrid Melle
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouko Lönnqvist
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare THL, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Andres Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eric Strengman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - David M Hougaard
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Ørntoft
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Mads V Hollegaard
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lilia Abramova
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Manuel Arrojo
- Service of Psychiatry, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Network Center of Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Universidad Complutense, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Méary
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
| | - Franck Schürhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Andrei Szoke
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Magni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Swetlana Sperling
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Rossner
- DFG Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Veldink
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Curran
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London UK
| | - Patrick Bolton
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London UK
| | - Martin Poot
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter Staal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Karola Rehnstrom
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helena Kilpinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jobst Meyer
- Department of Neurobehavioural Genetics, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Pall Magnusson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Igor Martsenkovsky
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iana Bikshaieva
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Inna Martsenkovska
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olesya Vashchenko
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Marija Raleva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Kamka Paketchieva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Branislav Stefanovski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Naser Durmishi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | | | - Dusica Lecic Tosevski
- Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Teimuraz Silagadze
- Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino Naneishvili
- Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nina Mikeladze
- Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Simon Surguladze
- Social & Affective Neuroscience Lab, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - John B Vincent
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry and Development Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Anne Farmer
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam Wright
- Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - I Alex Rubino
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruud van Winkel
- University Psychiatric Center, Catholic University Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network (SEARCH), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gunter Kenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network (SEARCH), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc De Hert
- University Psychiatric Center, Catholic University Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - János M Réthelyi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Bitter
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lars Terenius
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven Bakker
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Assen Jablensky
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry (CCRN), Graylands Hospital, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Mental Health Sciences Unit and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Powell
- Department of Neuroscience, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Robin Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Gill
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derek Morris
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ken Kendler
- Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Brien Riley
- Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Nick Craddock
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael C O’Donovan
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- DFG Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group - Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vera Golimbet
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genetics, and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE), Bonn Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Juelich, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Genetic Analysis Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David St Clair
- Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - David A Collier
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
- Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Stoll G, Pietiläinen OPH, Linder B, Suvisaari J, Brosi C, Hennah W, Leppä V, Torniainen M, Ripatti S, Ala-Mello S, Plöttner O, Rehnström K, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Varilo T, Tallila J, Kristiansson K, Isohanni M, Kaprio J, Eriksson JG, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Jarvelin MR, Salomaa V, Hurles M, Stefansson H, Peltonen L, Sullivan PF, Paunio T, Lönnqvist J, Daly MJ, Fischer U, Freimer NB, Palotie A. Deletion of TOP3β, a component of FMRP-containing mRNPs, contributes to neurodevelopmental disorders. Nat Neurosci 2013; 16:1228-1237. [PMID: 23912948 DOI: 10.1038/nn.3484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Implicating particular genes in the generation of complex brain and behavior phenotypes requires multiple lines of evidence. The rarity of most high-impact genetic variants typically precludes the possibility of accruing statistical evidence that they are associated with a given trait. We found that the enrichment of a rare chromosome 22q11.22 deletion in a recently expanded Northern Finnish sub-isolate enabled the detection of association between TOP3B and both schizophrenia and cognitive impairment. Biochemical analysis of TOP3β revealed that this topoisomerase was a component of cytosolic messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs) and was catalytically active on RNA. The recruitment of TOP3β to mRNPs was independent of RNA cis-elements and was coupled to the co-recruitment of FMRP, the disease gene product in fragile X mental retardation syndrome. Our results indicate a previously unknown role for TOP3β in mRNA metabolism and suggest that it is involved in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Stoll
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Olli P H Pietiläinen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bastian Linder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cornelia Brosi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - William Hennah
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virpi Leppä
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Torniainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa Ala-Mello
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Oliver Plöttner
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | - Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teppo Varilo
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Tallila
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Matti Isohanni
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Vasa Central Hospital, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland.,Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki/Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Leena Peltonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland.,University of Helsinki, Department of Medical Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Departments of Genetics, Psychiatry and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland.,University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouko Lönnqvist
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Utz Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nelson B Freimer
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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3
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Vassos E, Steinberg S, Cichon S, Breen G, Sigurdsson E, Andreassen OA, Djurovic S, Morken G, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Diaconu CC, Czerski PM, Hauser J, Babadjanova G, Abramova LI, Mühleisen TW, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, McGuffin P, St Clair D, Gustafsson O, Melle I, Pietiläinen OPH, Ruggeri M, Tosato S, Werge T, Ophoff RA, Rujescu D, Børglum AD, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Demontis D, Hollegaard MV, van Winkel R, Kenis G, De Hert M, Réthelyi JM, Bitter I, Rubino IA, Golimbet V, Kiemeney LA, van den Berg LH, Franke B, Jönsson EG, Farmer A, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Collier DA. Replication study and meta-analysis in European samples supports association of the 3p21.1 locus with bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 72:645-50. [PMID: 22560537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common genetic polymorphisms at chromosome 3p21.1, including rs2251219 in polybromo 1 (PBRM1), have been implicated in susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder (BP) through genome-wide association studies. Subsequent studies have suggested that this is also a risk locus for other psychiatric phenotypes, including major depression and schizophrenia. METHODS To replicate the association, we studied 2562 cases with BP and 25,439 control subjects collected from seven cohorts with either genome-wide association or individual genotyping of rs2251219 and tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms across the PBRM1 gene. Results from the different case-control groups were combined with the inverse variance weighting method. RESULTS In our dataset, rs2251219 was associated with BP (odds ratio [OR] = .89, p = .003), and meta-analysis of previously published data with our nonoverlapping new data confirmed genome-wide significant association (OR = .875, p = 2.68 × 10(-9)). Genotypic data from the SGENE-plus consortium were used to examine the association of the same variant with schizophrenia in an overall sample of 8794 cases and 25,457 control subjects, but this was not statistically significant (OR = .97, p = .21). CONCLUSIONS There is strong evidence of association of rs2251219 with BP. However, our data do not support association of this marker with schizophrenia. Because the region of association has high linkage disequilibrium, forming a large haplotype block across many genes, it is not clear which gene is causally implicated in the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Vassos
- MRC SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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4
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Steinberg S, de Jong S, Andreassen OA, Werge T, Børglum AD, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Gustafsson O, Costas J, Pietiläinen OPH, Demontis D, Papiol S, Huttenlocher J, Mattheisen M, Breuer R, Vassos E, Giegling I, Fraser G, Walker N, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Suvisaari J, Lönnqvist J, Paunio T, Agartz I, Melle I, Djurovic S, Strengman E, Jürgens G, Glenthøj B, Terenius L, Hougaard DM, Ørntoft T, Wiuf C, Didriksen M, Hollegaard MV, Nordentoft M, van Winkel R, Kenis G, Abramova L, Kaleda V, Arrojo M, Sanjuán J, Arango C, Sperling S, Rossner M, Ribolsi M, Magni V, Siracusano A, Christiansen C, Kiemeney LA, Veldink J, van den Berg L, Ingason A, Muglia P, Murray R, Nöthen MM, Sigurdsson E, Petursson H, Thorsteinsdottir U, Kong A, Rubino IA, De Hert M, Réthelyi JM, Bitter I, Jönsson EG, Golimbet V, Carracedo A, Ehrenreich H, Craddock N, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC, Ruggeri M, Tosato S, Peltonen L, Ophoff RA, Collier DA, St Clair D, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Stefansson H, Rujescu D, Stefansson K. Common variants at VRK2 and TCF4 conferring risk of schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4076-81. [PMID: 21791550 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Common sequence variants have recently joined rare structural polymorphisms as genetic factors with strong evidence for association with schizophrenia. Here we extend our previous genome-wide association study and meta-analysis (totalling 7 946 cases and 19 036 controls) by examining an expanded set of variants using an enlarged follow-up sample (up to 10 260 cases and 23 500 controls). In addition to previously reported alleles in the major histocompatibility complex region, near neurogranin (NRGN) and in an intron of transcription factor 4 (TCF4), we find two novel variants showing genome-wide significant association: rs2312147[C], upstream of vaccinia-related kinase 2 (VRK2) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, P = 1.9 × 10(-9)] and rs4309482[A], between coiled-coiled domain containing 68 (CCDC68) and TCF4, about 400 kb from the previously described risk allele, but not accounted for by its association (OR = 1.09, P = 7.8 × 10(-9)).
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5
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Pietiläinen OPH, Rehnström K, Jakkula E, Service SK, Congdon E, Tilgmann C, Hartikainen AL, Taanila A, Heikura U, Paunio T, Ripatti S, Jarvelin MR, Isohanni M, Sabatti C, Palotie A, Freimer NB, Peltonen L. Phenotype mining in CNV carriers from a population cohort. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:2686-95. [PMID: 21505072 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotype mining is a novel approach for elucidating the genetic basis of complex phenotypic variation. It involves a search of rich phenotype databases for measures correlated with genetic variation, as identified in genome-wide genotyping or sequencing studies. An initial implementation of phenotype mining in a prospective unselected population cohort, the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort (NFBC1966), identifies neurodevelopment-related traits-intellectual deficits, poor school performance and hearing abnormalities-which are more frequent among individuals with large (>500 kb) deletions than among other cohort members. Observation of extensive shared single nucleotide polymorphism haplotypes around deletions suggests an opportunity to expand phenotype mining from cohort samples to the populations from which they derive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli P H Pietiläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, and Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Kähler AK, Djurovic S, Rimol LM, Brown AA, Athanasiu L, Jönsson EG, Hansen T, Gústafsson O, Hall H, Giegling I, Muglia P, Cichon S, Rietschel M, Pietiläinen OPH, Peltonen L, Bramon E, Collier D, St Clair D, Sigurdsson E, Petursson H, Rujescu D, Melle I, Werge T, Steen VM, Dale AM, Matthews RT, Agartz I, Andreassen OA. Candidate gene analysis of the human natural killer-1 carbohydrate pathway and perineuronal nets in schizophrenia: B3GAT2 is associated with disease risk and cortical surface area. Biol Psychiatry 2011; 69:90-6. [PMID: 20950796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Human Natural Killer-1 carbohydrate (HNK-1) is involved in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity. Extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets, condensed around subsets of neurons and proximal dendrites during brain maturation, regulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. METHODS Ten genes of importance for HNK-1 biosynthesis (B3GAT1, B3GAT2, and CHST10) or for the formation of perineuronal nets (TNR, BCAN, NCAN, HAPLN1, HAPLN2, HAPLN3, and HAPLN4) were investigated for potential involvement in schizophrenia (SCZ) susceptibility, by genotyping 104 tagSNPs in the Scandinavian Collaboration on Psychiatric Etiology sample (849 cases; 1602 control subjects). Genome-wide association study imputation data from the European SGENE-plus sample (2663 cases; 13,498 control subjects) were used for comparison. The effect of SCZ risk alleles on brain structure was investigated in a Norwegian subset (98 cases; 177 control subjects) with structural magnetic resonance imaging data. RESULTS Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located in two adjacent estimated linkage disequilibrium blocks in the first intron of β-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2 (B3GAT2), were nominally associated with SCZ (.004 ≤ P(empirical) ≤ .05). The rs2460691 was significantly associated in the comparison sample and in the meta-analysis after correction for all 121 SNP/haplotype tests (P(raw) = 1 × 10(-4); P(corrected) = .018). Increased dosage of the rs2460691 SCZ risk allele was associated with decreased cortical area (p = .002) but not thickness or hippocampal volume. A second SNP (r(2) = .24 with rs10945275), which conferred the highest SCZ risk effect in the Norwegian subset, was also associated with cortical area. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that effects on biosynthesis of the neuronal epitope HNK-1, through common B3GAT2 variation, could increase the risk of SCZ, possibly by decreasing cortical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Kähler
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital-Ulleval, Norway.
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7
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Ingason A, Rujescu D, Cichon S, Sigurdsson E, Sigmundsson T, Pietiläinen OPH, Buizer-Voskamp JE, Strengman E, Francks C, Muglia P, Gylfason A, Gustafsson O, Olason PI, Steinberg S, Hansen T, Jakobsen KD, Rasmussen HB, Giegling I, Möller HJ, Hartmann A, Crombie C, Fraser G, Walker N, Lonnqvist J, Suvisaari J, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Bramon E, Kiemeney LA, Franke B, Murray R, Vassos E, Toulopoulou T, Mühleisen TW, Tosato S, Ruggeri M, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Zhang Z, Werge T, Ophoff RA, Rietschel M, Nöthen MM, Petursson H, Stefansson H, Peltonen L, Collier D, Stefansson K, St Clair DM. Copy number variations of chromosome 16p13.1 region associated with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2011; 16:17-25. [PMID: 19786961 PMCID: PMC3330746 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2009.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Deletions and reciprocal duplications of the chromosome 16p13.1 region have recently been reported in several cases of autism and mental retardation (MR). As genomic copy number variants found in these two disorders may also associate with schizophrenia, we examined 4345 schizophrenia patients and 35,079 controls from 8 European populations for duplications and deletions at the 16p13.1 locus, using microarray data. We found a threefold excess of duplications and deletions in schizophrenia cases compared with controls, with duplications present in 0.30% of cases versus 0.09% of controls (P=0.007) and deletions in 0.12 % of cases and 0.04% of controls (P>0.05). The region can be divided into three intervals defined by flanking low copy repeats. Duplications spanning intervals I and II showed the most significant (P = 0.00010) association with schizophrenia. The age of onset in duplication and deletion carriers among cases ranged from 12 to 35 years, and the majority were males with a family history of psychiatric disorders. In a single Icelandic family, a duplication spanning intervals I and II was present in two cases of schizophrenia, and individual cases of alcoholism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia. Candidate genes in the region include NTAN1 and NDE1. We conclude that duplications and perhaps also deletions of chromosome 16p13.1, previously reported to be associated with autism and MR, also confer risk of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ingason
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavík, Iceland
,Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - D Rujescu
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - S Cichon
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Sigurdsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - T Sigmundsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - OPH Pietiläinen
- Department for Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - JE Buizer-Voskamp
- Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Strengman
- Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Francks
- Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Verona, Italy
| | - P Muglia
- Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - T Hansen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - KD Jakobsen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - HB Rasmussen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - I Giegling
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - H-J Möller
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - A Hartmann
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - C Crombie
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - G Fraser
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - N Walker
- Ravenscraig Hospital, Greenock, Scotland
| | - J Lonnqvist
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Suvisaari
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Tuulio-Henriksson
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Bramon
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - LA Kiemeney
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (133 EPIB)/Department of Urology (659 URO), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Murray
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - E Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - T Toulopoulou
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - TW Mühleisen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Ruggeri
- Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Djurovic
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
,Departments of Medical Genetics and Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - OA Andreassen
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
,Departments of Medical Genetics and Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Statistics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Werge
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - RA Ophoff
- Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - M Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - MM Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Petursson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | | - L Peltonen
- Department for Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
,The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D Collier
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | | | - DM St Clair
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
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8
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Ingason A, Giegling I, Cichon S, Hansen T, Rasmussen HB, Nielsen J, Jürgens G, Muglia P, Hartmann AM, Strengman E, Vasilescu C, Mühleisen TW, Djurovic S, Melle I, Lerer B, Möller HJ, Francks C, Pietiläinen OPH, Lonnqvist J, Suvisaari J, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Walshe M, Vassos E, Di Forti M, Murray R, Bonetto C, Tosato S, Cantor RM, Rietschel M, Craddock N, Owen MJ, Peltonen L, Andreassen OA, Nöthen MM, St Clair D, Ophoff RA, O'Donovan MC, Collier DA, Werge T, Rujescu D. A large replication study and meta-analysis in European samples provides further support for association of AHI1 markers with schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:1379-86. [PMID: 20071346 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Abelson helper integration site 1 (AHI1) gene locus on chromosome 6q23 is among a group of candidate loci for schizophrenia susceptibility that were initially identified by linkage followed by linkage disequilibrium mapping, and subsequent replication of the association in an independent sample. Here, we present results of a replication study of AHI1 locus markers, previously implicated in schizophrenia, in a large European sample (in total 3907 affected and 7429 controls). Furthermore, we perform a meta-analysis of the implicated markers in 4496 affected and 18,920 controls. Both the replication study of new samples and the meta-analysis show evidence for significant overrepresentation of all tested alleles in patients compared with controls (meta-analysis; P = 8.2 x 10(-5)-1.7 x 10(-3), common OR = 1.09-1.11). The region contains two genes, AHI1 and C6orf217, and both genes-as well as the neighbouring phosphodiesterase 7B (PDE7B)-may be considered candidates for involvement in the genetic aetiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Ingason
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
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9
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Wessman J, Paunio T, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Koivisto M, Partonen T, Suvisaari J, Turunen JA, Wedenoja J, Hennah W, Pietiläinen OPH, Lönnqvist J, Mannila H, Peltonen L. Mixture model clustering of phenotype features reveals evidence for association of DTNBP1 to a specific subtype of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 66:990-6. [PMID: 19782967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While DTNBP1, DISC1, and NRG1 have been extensively studied as candidate genes of schizophrenia, results remain inconclusive. Possible explanations for this are that the genes might be relevant only to certain subtypes of the disease and/or only in certain populations. METHODS We performed unsupervised clustering of individuals from Finnish schizophrenia families, based on extensive clinical and neuropsychological data, including Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) information. Families with at least one affected member with DSM-IV diagnosis of a schizophrenia spectrum psychosis were included in a register-based ascertainment. Final sample consisted of 904 individuals from 288 families. We then used the cluster phenotypes in a genetic association study of candidate genes. RESULTS A robust three-class clustering of individuals emerged: 1) psychotic disorder with mood symptoms (n = 172), 2) core schizophrenia (n = 223), and 3) absence of psychotic disorder (n = 509). One third of the individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia were assigned to cluster 1. These individuals had fewer negative and positive psychotic symptoms and cognitive deficits but more depressive symptoms than individuals in cluster 2. There was a significant association of cluster 2 cases with the DTNBP1 gene, while the DISC1 gene indicated a significant association with schizophrenia spectrum disorders based on the DSM-IV criteria. CONCLUSIONS In the Finnish population, DTNBP1 gene is associated with a schizophrenia phenotype characterized by prominent negative symptoms, generalized cognitive impairment, and few mood symptoms. Identification of genes and pathways related to schizophrenia necessitates novel definitions of disease phenotypes associated more directly with underlying biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Wessman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
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10
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Stefansson H, Ophoff RA, Steinberg S, Andreassen OA, Cichon S, Rujescu D, Werge T, Pietiläinen OPH, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Sigurdsson E, Gustafsson O, Nyegaard M, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Ingason A, Hansen T, Suvisaari J, Lonnqvist J, Paunio T, Børglum AD, Hartmann A, Fink-Jensen A, Nordentoft M, Hougaard D, Norgaard-Pedersen B, Böttcher Y, Olesen J, Breuer R, Möller HJ, Giegling I, Rasmussen HB, Timm S, Mattheisen M, Bitter I, Réthelyi JM, Magnusdottir BB, Sigmundsson T, Olason P, Masson G, Gulcher JR, Haraldsson M, Fossdal R, Thorgeirsson TE, Thorsteinsdottir U, Ruggeri M, Tosato S, Franke B, Strengman E, Kiemeney LA, Melle I, Djurovic S, Abramova L, Kaleda V, Sanjuan J, de Frutos R, Bramon E, Vassos E, Fraser G, Ettinger U, Picchioni M, Walker N, Toulopoulou T, Need AC, Ge D, Yoon JL, Shianna KV, Freimer NB, Cantor RM, Murray R, Kong A, Golimbet V, Carracedo A, Arango C, Costas J, Jönsson EG, Terenius L, Agartz I, Petursson H, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Matthews PM, Muglia P, Peltonen L, St Clair D, Goldstein DB, Stefansson K, Collier DA. Common variants conferring risk of schizophrenia. Nature 2009; 460:744-7. [PMID: 19571808 PMCID: PMC3077530 DOI: 10.1038/nature08186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1238] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder, caused by both genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Research on pathogenesis has traditionally focused on neurotransmitter systems in the brain, particularly those involving dopamine. Schizophrenia has been considered a separate disease for over a century, but in the absence of clear biological markers, diagnosis has historically been based on signs and symptoms. A fundamental message emerging from genome-wide association studies of copy number variations (CNVs) associated with the disease is that its genetic basis does not necessarily conform to classical nosological disease boundaries. Certain CNVs confer not only high relative risk of schizophrenia but also of other psychiatric disorders. The structural variations associated with schizophrenia can involve several genes and the phenotypic syndromes, or the 'genomic disorders', have not yet been characterized. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genome-wide association studies with the potential to implicate individual genes in complex diseases may reveal underlying biological pathways. Here we combined SNP data from several large genome-wide scans and followed up the most significant association signals. We found significant association with several markers spanning the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6p21.3-22.1, a marker located upstream of the neurogranin gene (NRGN) on 11q24.2 and a marker in intron four of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) on 18q21.2. Our findings implicating the MHC region are consistent with an immune component to schizophrenia risk, whereas the association with NRGN and TCF4 points to perturbation of pathways involved in brain development, memory and cognition.
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Rujescu D, Ingason A, Cichon S, Pietiläinen OPH, Barnes MR, Toulopoulou T, Picchioni M, Vassos E, Ettinger U, Bramon E, Murray R, Ruggeri M, Tosato S, Bonetto C, Steinberg S, Sigurdsson E, Sigmundsson T, Petursson H, Gylfason A, Olason PI, Hardarsson G, Jonsdottir GA, Gustafsson O, Fossdal R, Giegling I, Möller HJ, Hartmann AM, Hoffmann P, Crombie C, Fraser G, Walker N, Lonnqvist J, Suvisaari J, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Djurovic S, Melle I, Andreassen OA, Hansen T, Werge T, Kiemeney LA, Franke B, Veltman J, Buizer-Voskamp JE, Sabatti C, Ophoff RA, Rietschel M, Nöthen MM, Stefansson K, Peltonen L, St Clair D, Stefansson H, Collier DA. Disruption of the neurexin 1 gene is associated with schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 18:988-96. [PMID: 18945720 PMCID: PMC2695245 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions within the neurexin 1 gene (NRXN1; 2p16.3) are associated with autism and have also been reported in two families with schizophrenia. We examined NRXN1, and the closely related NRXN2 and NRXN3 genes, for copy number variants (CNVs) in 2977 schizophrenia patients and 33 746 controls from seven European populations (Iceland, Finland, Norway, Germany, The Netherlands, Italy and UK) using microarray data. We found 66 deletions and 5 duplications in NRXN1, including a de novo deletion: 12 deletions and 2 duplications occurred in schizophrenia cases (0.47%) compared to 49 and 3 (0.15%) in controls. There was no common breakpoint and the CNVs varied from 18 to 420 kb. No CNVs were found in NRXN2 or NRXN3. We performed a Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel exact test to estimate association between all CNVs and schizophrenia (P = 0.13; OR = 1.73; 95% CI 0.81-3.50). Because the penetrance of NRXN1 CNVs may vary according to the level of functional impact on the gene, we next restricted the association analysis to CNVs that disrupt exons (0.24% of cases and 0.015% of controls). These were significantly associated with a high odds ratio (P = 0.0027; OR 8.97, 95% CI 1.8-51.9). We conclude that NRXN1 deletions affecting exons confer risk of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Rujescu
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig- Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Stefansson H, Rujescu D, Cichon S, Pietiläinen OPH, Ingason A, Steinberg S, Fossdal R, Sigurdsson E, Sigmundsson T, Buizer-Voskamp JE, Hansen T, Jakobsen KD, Muglia P, Francks C, Matthews PM, Gylfason A, Halldorsson BV, Gudbjartsson D, Thorgeirsson TE, Sigurdsson A, Jonasdottir A, Jonasdottir A, Bjornsson A, Mattiasdottir S, Blondal T, Haraldsson M, Magnusdottir BB, Giegling I, Möller HJ, Hartmann A, Shianna KV, Ge D, Need AC, Crombie C, Fraser G, Walker N, Lonnqvist J, Suvisaari J, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Paunio T, Toulopoulou T, Bramon E, Di Forti M, Murray R, Ruggeri M, Vassos E, Tosato S, Walshe M, Li T, Vasilescu C, Mühleisen TW, Wang AG, Ullum H, Djurovic S, Melle I, Olesen J, Kiemeney LA, Franke B, Sabatti C, Freimer NB, Gulcher JR, Thorsteinsdottir U, Kong A, Andreassen OA, Ophoff RA, Georgi A, Rietschel M, Werge T, Petursson H, Goldstein DB, Nöthen MM, Peltonen L, Collier DA, St Clair D, Stefansson K. Large recurrent microdeletions associated with schizophrenia. Nature 2008; 455:232-6. [PMID: 18668039 PMCID: PMC2687075 DOI: 10.1038/nature07229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1271] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Reduced fecundity, associated with severe mental disorders, places negative selection pressure on risk alleles and may explain, in part, why common variants have not been found that confer risk of disorders such as autism, schizophrenia and mental retardation. Thus, rare variants may account for a larger fraction of the overall genetic risk than previously assumed. In contrast to rare single nucleotide mutations, rare copy number variations (CNVs) can be detected using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. This has led to the identification of CNVs associated with mental retardation and autism. In a genome-wide search for CNVs associating with schizophrenia, we used a population-based sample to identify de novo CNVs by analysing 9,878 transmissions from parents to offspring. The 66 de novo CNVs identified were tested for association in a sample of 1,433 schizophrenia cases and 33,250 controls. Three deletions at 1q21.1, 15q11.2 and 15q13.3 showing nominal association with schizophrenia in the first sample (phase I) were followed up in a second sample of 3,285 cases and 7,951 controls (phase II). All three deletions significantly associate with schizophrenia and related psychoses in the combined sample. The identification of these rare, recurrent risk variants, having occurred independently in multiple founders and being subject to negative selection, is important in itself. CNV analysis may also point the way to the identification of additional and more prevalent risk variants in genes and pathways involved in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hreinn Stefansson
- CNS Division, deCODE genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
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Turunen JA, Peltonen JO, Pietiläinen OPH, Hennah W, Loukola A, Paunio T, Silander K, Ekelund J, Varilo T, Partonen T, Lönnqvist J, Peltonen L. The role of DTNBP1, NRG1, and AKT1 in the genetics of schizophrenia in Finland. Schizophr Res 2007; 91:27-36. [PMID: 17300918 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several putative schizophrenia susceptibility genes have recently been identified. Significant associations between schizophrenia and neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and dysbindin (DTNBP1) were first reported in 2002 and studies in several populations have since independently reported positive associations to these gene regions. Further, both tentative functional and genetic data have implicated the role of AKT1 in the genetic background of this disorder. However, findings have not been consistent in all populations. We investigated the allelic diversity of these three genes NRG1, DTNBP1 and AKT1 in a representative nation-wide study sample of 441 Finnish schizophrenia families consisting of 865 affected individuals, in order to assess their role in one of the largest population-based study samples. DTNBP1 and AKT1 failed to show evidence of association, whereas two SNPs in the 3' region of the NRG1 gene yielded suggestive evidence of association (p=0.012 and p=0.048) in family-based association analyses. Thus, our study does not indicate that AKT1 or DTNBP1 play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia in the Finnish population. Furthermore, results do not support a major role for NRG1, but we cannot completely exclude a minor role of this gene in the Finnish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni A Turunen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Biomedicum, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251, Helsinki, Finland
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