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Ingason A, Rujescu D, Cichon S, Sigurdsson E, Sigmundsson T, Pietiläinen OPH, Buizer-Voskamp JE, Strengman E, Francks C, Muglia P, Gylfason A, Gustafsson O, Olason PI, Steinberg S, Hansen T, Jakobsen KD, Rasmussen HB, Giegling I, Möller HJ, Hartmann A, Crombie C, Fraser G, Walker N, Lonnqvist J, Suvisaari J, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Bramon E, Kiemeney LA, Franke B, Murray R, Vassos E, Toulopoulou T, Mühleisen TW, Tosato S, Ruggeri M, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Zhang Z, Werge T, Ophoff RA, Rietschel M, Nöthen MM, Petursson H, Stefansson H, Peltonen L, Collier D, Stefansson K, St Clair DM. Copy number variations of chromosome 16p13.1 region associated with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2011; 16:17-25. [PMID: 19786961 PMCID: PMC3330746 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2009.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Deletions and reciprocal duplications of the chromosome 16p13.1 region have recently been reported in several cases of autism and mental retardation (MR). As genomic copy number variants found in these two disorders may also associate with schizophrenia, we examined 4345 schizophrenia patients and 35,079 controls from 8 European populations for duplications and deletions at the 16p13.1 locus, using microarray data. We found a threefold excess of duplications and deletions in schizophrenia cases compared with controls, with duplications present in 0.30% of cases versus 0.09% of controls (P=0.007) and deletions in 0.12 % of cases and 0.04% of controls (P>0.05). The region can be divided into three intervals defined by flanking low copy repeats. Duplications spanning intervals I and II showed the most significant (P = 0.00010) association with schizophrenia. The age of onset in duplication and deletion carriers among cases ranged from 12 to 35 years, and the majority were males with a family history of psychiatric disorders. In a single Icelandic family, a duplication spanning intervals I and II was present in two cases of schizophrenia, and individual cases of alcoholism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia. Candidate genes in the region include NTAN1 and NDE1. We conclude that duplications and perhaps also deletions of chromosome 16p13.1, previously reported to be associated with autism and MR, also confer risk of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ingason
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavík, Iceland
,Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - D Rujescu
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - S Cichon
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Sigurdsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - T Sigmundsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - OPH Pietiläinen
- Department for Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - JE Buizer-Voskamp
- Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Strengman
- Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Francks
- Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Verona, Italy
| | - P Muglia
- Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - T Hansen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - KD Jakobsen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - HB Rasmussen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - I Giegling
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - H-J Möller
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - A Hartmann
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University and Genetics Research Centre GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - C Crombie
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - G Fraser
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - N Walker
- Ravenscraig Hospital, Greenock, Scotland
| | - J Lonnqvist
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Suvisaari
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Tuulio-Henriksson
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Bramon
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - LA Kiemeney
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (133 EPIB)/Department of Urology (659 URO), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Murray
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - E Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - T Toulopoulou
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - TW Mühleisen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Ruggeri
- Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Djurovic
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
,Departments of Medical Genetics and Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - OA Andreassen
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
,Departments of Medical Genetics and Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Statistics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Werge
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - RA Ophoff
- Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - M Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - MM Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Petursson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | | - L Peltonen
- Department for Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
,The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D Collier
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | | | - DM St Clair
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
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