1
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McDermott M, McBride BC, Regier CE, Tran GT, Chen Y, Corrao AA, Gallant MC, Kamm GE, Bartel CJ, Chapman KW, Khalifah PG, Ceder G, Neilson JR, Persson KA. Assessing Thermodynamic Selectivity of Solid-State Reactions for the Predictive Synthesis of Inorganic Materials. ACS Cent Sci 2023; 9:1957-1975. [PMID: 37901171 PMCID: PMC10604012 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis is a major challenge in the discovery of new inorganic materials. Currently, there is limited theoretical guidance for identifying optimal solid-state synthesis procedures. We introduce two selectivity metrics, primary and secondary competition, to assess the favorability of target/impurity phase formation in solid-state reactions. We used these metrics to analyze 3520 solid-state reactions in the literature, ranking existing approaches to popular target materials. Additionally, we implemented these metrics in a data-driven synthesis planning workflow and demonstrated its application in the synthesis of barium titanate (BaTiO3). Using an 18-element chemical reaction network with first-principles thermodynamic data from the Materials Project, we identified 82985 possible BaTiO3 synthesis reactions and selected 9 for experimental testing. Characterization of reaction pathways via synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction reveals that our selectivity metrics correlate with observed target/impurity formation. We discovered two efficient reactions using unconventional precursors (BaS/BaCl2 and Na2TiO3) that produce BaTiO3 faster and with fewer impurities than conventional methods, highlighting the importance of considering complex chemistries with additional elements during precursor selection. Our framework provides a foundation for predictive inorganic synthesis, facilitating the optimization of existing recipes and the discovery of new materials, including those not easily attainable with conventional precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
J. McDermott
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brennan C. McBride
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Corlyn E. Regier
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Gia Thinh Tran
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Yu Chen
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Adam A. Corrao
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Max C. Gallant
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Gabrielle E. Kamm
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Christopher J. Bartel
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Karena W. Chapman
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry
Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Gerbrand Ceder
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - James R. Neilson
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Kristin A. Persson
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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2
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Petrova V, Corrao AA, Wang S, Xiao Y, Chapman KW, Fullerton EE, Khalifah PG, Liu P. Synthesis of flexible Co nanowires from bulk precursors. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21153-21159. [PMID: 35975062 PMCID: PMC9341434 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03790d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports a method of producing flexible cobalt nanowires (NWs) directly from the chemical conversion of bulk precursors at room temperature. Chemical reduction of Li6CoCl8 produces a nanocomposite of Co and LiCl, of which the salt is subsequently removed. The dilute concentration of Co in the precursor combined with the anisotropic crystal structure of the hcp phase leads to 1D growth in the absence of any templates or additives. The Co NWs are shown to have high saturation magnetization (130.6 emu g−1). Our understanding of the NW formation mechanism points to new directions of scalable nanostructure generation. This work reports a method of producing flexible cobalt nanowires (NWs) directly from the chemical conversion of bulk precursors at room temperature.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Petrova
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California-San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
| | - Adam A Corrao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California-San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
| | - Yuxuan Xiao
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0401 USA
| | - Karena W Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Eric E Fullerton
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0401 USA
| | - Peter G Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA.,Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California-San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
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3
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Denney JJ, Mattei GS, Mendenhall MH, Cline JP, Khalifah PG, Toby BH. Determination of physically based pseudo-Voigt powder diffraction profile terms from the fundamental parameters approach. J Appl Crystallogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576722001169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A methodology is developed where a fundamental parameters approach (FPA) description of a laboratory powder diffraction instrument (configured in divergent-beam Bragg–Brentano geometry) is used to determine GSAS-II profile parameters for peak asymmetry and instrumental peak widths. This allows the instrumental contribution to peak shapes to be robustly determined directly from a physical description of the instrument, even though GSAS-II does not directly implement FPA for peak shape computation. The FPA-derived parameters can be used as the starting point for instrument characterization, or to characterize sample broadening without the use of a standard to determine the instrument profile function. This new method can facilitate generation of training sets for machine learning. A plot is generated that shows the differences between the two approaches, demonstrating upper bounds for the accuracy of the GSAS-II profile model for a particular instrumental configuration.
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4
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Todd PK, McDermott MJ, Rom CL, Corrao AA, Denney JJ, Dwaraknath SS, Khalifah PG, Persson KA, Neilson JR. Selectivity in Yttrium Manganese Oxide Synthesis via Local Chemical Potentials in Hyperdimensional Phase Space. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15185-15194. [PMID: 34491732 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In sharp contrast to molecular synthesis, materials synthesis is generally presumed to lack selectivity. The few known methods of designing selectivity in solid-state reactions have limited scope, such as topotactic reactions or strain stabilization. This contribution describes a general approach for searching large chemical spaces to identify selective reactions. This novel approach explains the ability of a nominally "innocent" Na2CO3 precursor to enable the metathesis synthesis of single-phase Y2Mn2O7: an outcome that was previously only accomplished at extreme pressures and which cannot be achieved with closely related precursors of Li2CO3 and K2CO3 under identical conditions. By calculating the required change in chemical potential across all possible reactant-product interfaces in an expanded chemical space including Y, Mn, O, alkali metals, and halogens, using thermodynamic parameters obtained from density functional theory calculations, we identify reactions that minimize the thermodynamic competition from intermediates. In this manner, only the Na-based intermediates minimize the distance in the hyperdimensional chemical potential space to Y2Mn2O7, thus providing selective access to a phase which was previously thought to be metastable. Experimental evidence validating this mechanism for pathway-dependent selectivity is provided by intermediates identified from in situ synchrotron-based crystallographic analysis. This approach of calculating chemical potential distances in hyperdimensional compositional spaces provides a general method for designing selective solid-state syntheses that will be useful for gaining access to metastable phases and for identifying reaction pathways that can reduce the synthesis temperature, and cost, of technological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Todd
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Matthew J McDermott
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher L Rom
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Adam A Corrao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Jonathan J Denney
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Shyam S Dwaraknath
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peter G Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Kristin A Persson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - James R Neilson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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5
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Coaty CM, Corrao AA, Petrova V, Kim T, Fenning DP, Khalifah PG, Liu P. Anisotropic nanoporous morphology of ZnO-supported Co that enhances catalytic activity. Nanoscale 2021; 13:8242-8253. [PMID: 33885629 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel conversion reaction synthesis (CRS) method is used to synthesize ZnO-supported Co nanoporous metal hybrid structures from a co-precipitated nanocomposite precursor of ZnO and Co3O4. After removal of Li2O with water, the resulting material consists of ZnO-supported Co nanoparticles that are interconnected to form anisotropic micro-particles. Additionally, individual ZnO nanoparticles have an anisotropic morphology, as revealed by synchrotron XRD analysis. Microscopy and surface area studies show these materials have an average pore size of 10-30 nm and specific surface areas up to 28 m2 g-1. The hybrid structure also has increased heat resistance compared to that of pure nanoporous metals; the Co phase within the ZnO-Co hybrid exhibits much less coarsening than the analogous nanoporous metal without ZnO at temperatures of 400 °C and above. These ZnO-Co hybrid materials were tested as heterogeneous catalysts for the steam reformation of ethanol at 400 °C. The nanoporous ZnO-Co hybrid material exhibits complete conversion of ethanol and high hydrogen selectivity, producing H2 with a molar yield of approximately 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Coaty
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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6
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Gao N, Abboud AW, Mattei GS, Li Z, Corrao AA, Fang C, Liaw B, Meng YS, Khalifah PG, Dufek EJ, Li B. Fast Diagnosis of Failure Mechanisms and Lifetime Prediction of Li Metal Batteries. Small Methods 2021; 5:e2000807. [PMID: 34927895 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal serving as an anode has the potential to double or triple stored energies in rechargeable Li batteries. However, they typically have short cycling lifetimes due to parasitic reactions between the Li metal and electrolyte. It is critically required to develop early fault-detection methods for different failure mechanisms and quick lifetime-prediction methods to ensure rapid development. Prior efforts to determine the dominant failure mechanisms have typically required destructive cell disassembly. In this study, non-destructive diagnostic method based on rest voltages and coulombic efficiency are used to easily distinguish the different failure mechanisms-from loss of Li inventory, electrolyte depletion, and increased cell impedance-which are deeply understood and well validated by experiments and modeling. Using this new diagnostic method, the maximum lifetime of a Li metal cell can be quickly predicted from tests of corresponding anode-free cells, which is important for the screenings of electrolytes, anode stabilization, optimization of operating conditions, and rational battery design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningshengjie Gao
- Energy Storage & Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA
| | - Alexander W Abboud
- Energy Storage & Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA
| | - Gerard S Mattei
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Adam A Corrao
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Chengcheng Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Boryann Liaw
- Energy Storage & Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA
| | - Ying Shirley Meng
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Peter G Khalifah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Eric J Dufek
- Energy Storage & Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Energy Storage & Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA
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7
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Denney JJ, Wang Y, Corrao AA, Huang G, Montiel D, Zhong H, Dooryhee E, Thornton K, Khalifah PG. In situ temperature profile measurements with high-energy X-rays as a probe of optical floating zone crystal growth environment. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720007062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of optical floating zone (OFZ) furnaces to rapidly produce large single crystals of complex emerging materials has had a transformative effect on many scientific fields that require samples of this type. However, the crystal growth process within the OFZ furnace is not well understood owing to the challenges involved in monitoring the high-temperature crystal growth process. Novel beamline-compatible optical furnaces that approximate the inhomogeneous growth environment within an OFZ furnace have been fabricated and tested in high-energy synchrotron beamlines. It is demonstrated that temperature profiles can be effectively extracted from powder diffraction data collected on polycrystalline ceramic rods heated at their tip. Furthermore, these measured temperature profiles can be accurately reproduced using a heat-transfer model that accounts for solid-state thermal conduction, partial sample lamp power absorption, convective air cooling and radiative cooling, allowing key thermal parameters such as thermal conductivity to be extracted from experimental data.
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8
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Liu H, Li Z, Grenier A, Kamm GE, Yin L, Mattei GS, Cosby MR, Khalifah PG, Chupas PJ, Chapman KW. Best practices for operando depth-resolving battery experiments. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719016315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Operando studies that probe how electrochemical reactions propagate through a battery provide valuable feedback for optimizing the electrode architecture and for mitigating reaction heterogeneity. Transmission-geometry depth-profiling measurements carried out with the beam directed parallel to the battery layers – in a radial geometry – can provide quantitative structural insights that resolve depth-dependent reaction heterogeneity which are not accessible from conventional transmission measurements that traverse all battery layers. However, these spatially resolved measurements are susceptible to aberrations that do not affect conventional perpendicular-beam studies. Key practical considerations that can impact the interpretation of synchrotron depth-profiling studies, which are related to the signal-to-noise ratio, cell alignment and lateral heterogeneity, are described. Strategies to enable accurate quantification of state of charge during rapid depth-profiling studies are presented.
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9
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Pigliapochi R, O’Brien L, Pell AJ, Gaultois MW, Janssen Y, Khalifah PG, Grey CP. When Do Anisotropic Magnetic Susceptibilities Lead to Large NMR Shifts? Exploring Particle Shape Effects in the Battery Electrode Material LiFePO4. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13089-13100. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam O’Brien
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE Liverpool, U.K
| | - Andrew J. Pell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | | | - Yuri Janssen
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
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10
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Yin X, Hewitt DRO, Quah SP, Zheng B, Mattei GS, Khalifah PG, Grubbs RB, Bhatia SR. Impact of stereochemistry on rheology and nanostructure of PLA-PEO-PLA triblocks: stiff gels at intermediate l/d-lactide ratios. Soft Matter 2018; 14:7255-7263. [PMID: 30137095 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01559g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report rheology and structural studies of poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(lactide) (PLA-PEO-PLA) triblock copolymer gels with various ratios of l-lactide and d-lactide in the PLA blocks. These materials form associative micellar gels in water, and previous work has shown that stereoregular triblocks with a l/d ratio of 100/0 form much stiffer gels than triblocks with a 50/50 l/d ratio. Our systems display an unexpected maximum in the storage modulus, G', of the hydrogels at intermediate l/d ratio. The impact of stereochemistry on the rheology is very striking; gels with an l/d ratio of 85/15 have storage moduli that are ∼1-2 orders of magnitude higher than hydrogels with l/d ratios of 100/0. No stereocomplexation is observed in the gels, although PLLA crystals are found for gels with l/d ratios of 95/5 and 90/10, and SANS results show a decrease in the intermicellar spacing for intermediate l/d ratios. We expect the dominant contribution to the elasticity of the gels to be intermicellar bridging chains and attribute the rheology to a competition between an increase in the time for PLA endblocks to pull out of micelles as the l/d ratio is increased and PLLA crystallization occurs, and a decrease in the number of bridging chains for micelles with crystalline PLA domains, as formation of bridges may be hindered by crowded crystalline PLA domains. These results provide a new strategy for controlling the rheology of PLA-based hydrogels for potential applications in biomaterials, as well as fundamental insights into how intermicellar interactions can be tuned via stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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11
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Yin L, Mattei GS, Li Z, Zheng J, Zhao W, Omenya F, Fang C, Li W, Li J, Xie Q, Zhang JG, Whittingham MS, Meng YS, Manthiram A, Khalifah PG. Extending the limits of powder diffraction analysis: Diffraction parameter space, occupancy defects, and atomic form factors. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:093002. [PMID: 30278743 DOI: 10.1063/1.5044555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the determination of site occupancies is often a major goal in Rietveld refinement studies, the accurate refinement of site occupancies is exceptionally challenging due to many correlations and systematic errors that have a hidden impact on the final refined occupancy parameters. Through the comparison of results independently obtained from neutron and synchrotron powder diffraction, improved approaches capable of detecting occupancy defects with an exceptional sensitivity of 0.1% (absolute) in the class of layered NMC (Li[NixMnyCoz]O2) Li-ion battery cathode materials have been developed. A new method of visualizing the diffraction parameter space associated with crystallographic site scattering power through the use of f* diagrams is described, and this method is broadly applicable to ternary compounds. The f* diagrams allow the global minimum fit to be easily identified and also permit a robust determination of the number and types of occupancy defects within a structure. Through a comparison of neutron and X-ray diffraction results, a systematic error in the synchrotron results was identified using f* diagrams for a series of NMC compounds. Using neutron diffraction data as a reference, this error was shown to specifically result from problems associated with the neutral oxygen X-ray atomic form factor and could be eliminated by using the ionic O2- form factor for this anion while retaining the neutral form factors for cationic species. The f* diagram method offers a new opportunity to experimentally assess the quality of atomic form factors through powder diffraction studies on chemically related multi-component compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Gerard S Mattei
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Jianming Zheng
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Wengao Zhao
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Fredrick Omenya
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA
| | - Chengcheng Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Wangda Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jianyu Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Qiang Xie
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Ji-Guang Zhang
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | | | - Ying Shirley Meng
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Peter G Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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12
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Khalifah PG, Yin L, Mattei G, Li Z. Adventures in diffraction – from atomic form factors to resolution of defects. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767318096356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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13
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Colabello DM, Sobalvarro EM, Sheckelton JP, Neuefeind JC, McQueen TM, Khalifah PG. Observation of Vacancies, Faults, and Superstructures in Ln 5Mo 2O 12 (Ln = La, Y, and Lu) Compounds with Direct Mo-Mo Bonding. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12866-12880. [PMID: 29072839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Among oxide compounds with direct metal-metal bonding, the Y5Mo2O12 (A5B2O12) structural family of compounds has a particularly intriguing low-dimensional structure due to the presence of bioctahedral B2O10 dimers arranged in one-dimensional edge-sharing chains along the direction of the metal-metal bonds. Furthermore, these compounds can have a local magnetic moment due to the noninteger oxidation state (+4.5) of the transition metal, in contrast to the conspicuous lack of a local moment that is commonly observed when oxide compounds with direct metal-metal bonding have integer oxidation states resulting from the lifting of orbital degeneracy typically induced by the metal-metal bonding. Although a monoclinic C2/m structure has been previously proposed for Ln5Mo2O12 (Ln = La-Lu and Y) members of this family based on prior single crystal diffraction data, it is found that this structural model misses many important structural features. On the basis of synchrotron powder diffraction data, it is shown that the C2/m monoclinic unit cell represents a superstructure relative to a previously unrecognized orthorhombic Immm subcell and that the superstructure derives from the ordering of interchangeable Mo2O10 and LaO6 building blocks. The superstructure for this reason is typically highly faulted, as evidenced by the increased breadth of superstructure diffraction peaks associated with a coherence length of 1-2 nm in the c* direction. Finally, it is shown that oxygen vacancies can occur when Ln = La, producing an oxygen deficient stoichiometry of La5Mo2O11.55 and an approximately 10-fold reduction in the number of unpaired electrons due to the reduction of the average Mo valence from +4.5 to +4.05, a result confirmed by magnetic susceptibility measurements. This represents the first observation of oxygen vacancies in this family of compounds and provides an important means of continuously tuning the magnetic interactions within the one-dimensional octahedral chains of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Colabello
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Sobalvarro
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - John P Sheckelton
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Joerg C Neuefeind
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Tyrel M McQueen
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Peter G Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratories , Upton, New York 11793, United States
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14
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Liu J, Whitfield PS, Saccomanno MR, Bo SH, Hu E, Yu X, Bai J, Grey CP, Yang XQ, Khalifah PG. In Situ Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Ion Exchange Synthesis Mechanism of Li2Mg2P3O9N: Evidence for a Hidden Phase Transition. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:9192-9202. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Chemistry
Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Pamela S. Whitfield
- Chemical
and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Michael R. Saccomanno
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Shou-Hang Bo
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Enyuan Hu
- Chemistry
Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Chemistry
Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jianming Bai
- Photon
Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry
Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Chemistry
Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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15
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Liu J, Yin L, Wu L, Bai J, Bak SM, Yu X, Zhu Y, Yang XQ, Khalifah PG. Quantification of Honeycomb Number-Type Stacking Faults: Application to Na3Ni2BiO6 Cathodes for Na-Ion Batteries. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8478-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Liang Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Lijun Wu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jianming Bai
- Photon Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Seong-Min Bak
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yimei Zhu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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16
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Cao B, Neuefeind JC, Adzic RR, Khalifah PG. Molybdenum Nitrides as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts: Structural and Electrochemical Studies. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2128-36. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5024778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingfei Cao
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, United States
| | - Joerg C. Neuefeind
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Radoslav R. Adzic
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, United States
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17
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Colabello DM, Camino FE, Huq A, Hybertsen M, Khalifah PG. Charge Disproportionation in Tetragonal La2MoO5, a Small Band Gap Semiconductor Influenced by Direct Mo–Mo Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1245-57. [DOI: 10.1021/ja511218g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane M. Colabello
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, United States
| | | | - Ashfia Huq
- Spallation
Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | | | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, United States
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18
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Bo SH, Veith GM, Saccomanno MR, Huang H, Burmistrova PV, Malingowski AC, Sacci RL, Kittilstved KR, Grey CP, Khalifah PG. Thin-film and bulk investigations of LiCoBO₃ as a Li-ion battery cathode. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:10840-10848. [PMID: 24809458 DOI: 10.1021/am500860a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The compound LiCoBO3 is an appealing candidate for next-generation Li-ion batteries based on its high theoretical specific capacity of 215 mAh/g and high expected discharge voltage (more than 4 V vs Li(+)/Li). However, this level of performance has not yet been realized in experimental cells, even with nanosized particles. Reactive magnetron sputtering was therefore used to prepare thin films of LiCoBO3, allowing the influence of the particle thickness on the electrochemical performance to be explicitly tested. Even when ultrathin films (∼15 nm) were prepared, there was a negligible electrochemical response from LiCoBO3. Impedance spectroscopy measurements suggest that the conductivity of LiCoBO3 is many orders of magnitude worse than that of LiFeBO3 and may severely limit the performance. The unusual blue color of LiCoBO3 was investigated by spectroscopic techniques, which allowed the determination of a charge-transfer optical gap of 4.2 eV and the attribution of the visible light absorption peak at 2.2 eV to spin-allowed d → d transitions (assigned as overlapping (4)A2' to (4)A2″ and (4)E″ final states based on ligand-field modeling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Hang Bo
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University (SBU) , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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19
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Bo SH, Nam KW, Borkiewicz OJ, Hu YY, Yang XQ, Chupas PJ, Chapman KW, Wu L, Zhang L, Wang F, Grey CP, Khalifah PG. Structures of Delithiated and Degraded LiFeBO3, and Their Distinct Changes upon Electrochemical Cycling. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6585-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500169g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Hang Bo
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Kyung-Wan Nam
- Chemistry Department, #Condensed Matter Physics and Materials
Science Department, ▽Center for Functional Nanomaterials, ▼Sustainable Energy Technologies
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Olaf J. Borkiewicz
- X-ray Science
Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Department, #Condensed Matter Physics and Materials
Science Department, ▽Center for Functional Nanomaterials, ▼Sustainable Energy Technologies
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Peter J. Chupas
- X-ray Science
Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Karena W. Chapman
- X-ray Science
Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | | | | | | | - Clare P. Grey
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry Department, #Condensed Matter Physics and Materials
Science Department, ▽Center for Functional Nanomaterials, ▼Sustainable Energy Technologies
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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20
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Cao B, Veith GM, Neuefeind JC, Adzic RR, Khalifah PG. Mixed close-packed cobalt molybdenum nitrides as non-noble metal electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:19186-92. [PMID: 24175858 DOI: 10.1021/ja4081056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 805] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A two-step solid-state reaction for preparing cobalt molybdenum nitride with a nanoscale morphology has been used to produce a highly active and stable electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under acidic conditions that achieves an iR-corrected current density of 10 mA cm(-2) at -0.20 V vs RHE at low catalyst loadings of 0.24 mg/cm(2) in rotating disk experiments under a H2 atmosphere. Neutron powder diffraction and pair distribution function (PDF) studies have been used to overcome the insensitivity of X-ray diffraction data to different transition-metal nitride structural polytypes and show that this cobalt molybdenum nitride crystallizes in space group P63/mmc with lattice parameters of a = 2.85176(2) Å and c = 10.9862(3) Å and a formula of Co0.6Mo1.4N2. This space group results from the four-layered stacking sequence of a mixed close-packed structure with alternating layers of transition metals in octahedral and trigonal prismatic coordination and is a structure type for which HER activity has not previously been reported. Based on the accurate bond distances obtained from time-of-flight neutron diffraction data, it is determined that the octahedral sites contain a mixture of divalent Co and trivalent Mo, while the trigonal prismatic sites contain Mo in a higher oxidation state. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies confirm that at the sample surface nitrogen is present and N-H moieties are abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfei Cao
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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21
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Cao B, Veith GM, Diaz RE, Liu J, Stach EA, Adzic RR, Khalifah PG. Cobalt Molybdenum Oxynitrides: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Catalytic Activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Cao B, Veith GM, Diaz RE, Liu J, Stach EA, Adzic RR, Khalifah PG. Cobalt Molybdenum Oxynitrides: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Catalytic Activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10753-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Wang L, Cao B, Kang W, Hybertsen M, Maeda K, Domen K, Khalifah PG. Design of Medium Band Gap Ag–Bi–Nb–O and Ag–Bi–Ta–O Semiconductors for Driving Direct Water Splitting with Visible Light. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9192-205. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400089s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton,
New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Bingfei Cao
- Department
of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton,
New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Wei Kang
- Center for Functional
Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Mark Hybertsen
- Center for Functional
Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemical System
Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1
Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho
Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kazunari Domen
- Department of Chemical System
Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1
Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department
of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton,
New York 11973-5000, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400,
United States
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24
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Reinert AA, Payne C, Wang L, Ciston J, Zhu Y, Khalifah PG. Synthesis and Characterization of Visible Light Absorbing (GaN)1–x(ZnO)x Semiconductor Nanorods. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8389-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400011n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A. Reinert
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United
States
| | - Candace Payne
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United
States
| | | | | | | | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United
States
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25
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Malingowski AC, Kim M, Liu J, Wu L, Aronson MC, Khalifah PG. Factors governing Yb magnetism in Yb0.95PtIn2 and other MgCuAl2-type structures. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Mi Q, Ping Y, Li Y, Cao B, Brunschwig BS, Khalifah PG, Galli GA, Gray HB, Lewis NS. Thermally Stable N2-Intercalated WO3 Photoanodes for Water Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18318-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3067622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qixi Mi
- Beckman Institute and Kavli
Nanoscience Institute, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, M/C 127-72, 1200
East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yuan Ping
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California 95616, United States
| | | | | | - Bruce S. Brunschwig
- Beckman Institute and Kavli
Nanoscience Institute, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, M/C 127-72, 1200
East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11974,
United States
| | - Giulia A. Galli
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California 95616, United States
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman Institute and Kavli
Nanoscience Institute, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, M/C 127-72, 1200
East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Nathan S. Lewis
- Beckman Institute and Kavli
Nanoscience Institute, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, M/C 127-72, 1200
East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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27
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Janssen Y, Middlemiss DS, Bo SH, Grey CP, Khalifah PG. Structural modulation in the high capacity battery cathode material LiFeBO3. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:12516-27. [PMID: 22708719 DOI: 10.1021/ja301881c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the promising Li-ion battery cathode material LiFeBO(3) has been redetermined based on the results of single crystal X-ray diffraction data. A commensurate modulation that doubles the periodicity of the lattice in the a-axis direction is observed. When the structure of LiFeBO(3) is refined in the 4-dimensional superspace group C2/c(α0γ)00, with α = 1/2 and γ = 0 and with lattice parameters of a = 5.1681 Å, b = 8.8687 Å, c = 10.1656 Å, and β = 91.514°, all of the disorder present in the prior C2/c structural model is eliminated and a long-range ordering of 1D chains of corner-shared LiO(4) is revealed to occur as a result of cooperative displacements of Li and O atoms in the c-axis direction. Solid-state hybrid density functional theory calculations find that the modulation stabilizes the LiFeBO(3) structure by 1.2 kJ/mol (12 meV/f.u.), and that the modulation disappears after delithiation to form a structurally related FeBO(3) phase. The band gaps of LiFeBO(3) and FeBO(3) are calculated to be 3.5 and 3.3 eV, respectively. Bond valence sum maps have been used to identify and characterize the important Li conduction pathways, and suggest that the activation energies for Li diffusion will be higher in the modulated structure of LiFeBO(3) than in its unmodulated analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Janssen
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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28
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Malingowski AC, Stephens PW, Huq A, Huang Q, Khalid S, Khalifah PG. Substitutional Mechanism of Ni into the Wide-Band-Gap Semiconductor InTaO4 and Its Implications for Water Splitting Activity in the Wolframite Structure Type. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:6096-103. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202715c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashfia Huq
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee 37831-6475, United States
| | - Qingzhen Huang
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
20878-9957, United States
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29
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Bo SH, Wang F, Janssen Y, Zeng D, Nam KW, Xu W, Du LS, Graetz J, Yang XQ, Zhu Y, Parise JB, Grey CP, Khalifah PG. Degradation and (de)lithiation processes in the high capacity battery material LiFeBO3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Fowler DJ, Khalifah PG, Thompson LK. Design and characterization of a calixarene inclusion compound for calibration of long-range carbon-fluorine distance measurements by solid-state NMR. J Magn Reson 2010; 207:153-7. [PMID: 20822943 PMCID: PMC2956861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An inexpensive, easily synthesized calixarene:fluorotoluene host:guest inclusion complex has been designed for optimization and calibration of solid-state NMR measurements of carbon-fluorine distances using Rotational Echo DOuble Resonance (REDOR). Complexation of the fluorotoluene with the calixarene host separates the molecules such that simple two-spin behavior is observed for one site with a 4.08 Å carbon-fluorine distance. Fluorotoluene dynamics within the calixarene matrix cause motional averaging of the dipolar couplings, which makes it possible to easily optimize REDOR experiments and test their accuracy for relatively long distance measurements (>6.6 Å). This provides a new tool for accurate REDOR measurements of long carbon-fluorine distances, which have important applications in the characterization of fluorine-containing drugs, proteins, and polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst. 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd., Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000
| | - Lynmarie K. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst. 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst. 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, FAX: +1 413-545-4490,
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31
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Moon SJ, Choi WS, Kim SJ, Lee YS, Khalifah PG, Mandrus D, Noh TW. Orbital-driven electronic structure changes and the resulting optical anisotropy of the quasi-two-dimensional spin gap compound La4Ru2O10. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:116404. [PMID: 18517806 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the electronic response of the quasi-two-dimensional spin gap compound La4Ru2O10 using optical spectroscopy. We observed the drastic changes in the optical spectra as the temperature decreased, resulting in anisotropy in the electronic structure of the spin-singlet ground state. Using the orbital-dependent hopping analysis, we found that orbital ordering plays a crucial role in forming the spin gap state in the non-one-dimensional material.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Moon
- ReCOE and FPRD, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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32
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Germain ME, Vargo TR, Khalifah PG, Knapp MJ. Fluorescent Detection of Nitroaromatics and 2,3-Dimethyl- 2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB) by a Zinc Complex: (salophen)Zn. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:4422-9. [PMID: 17472370 DOI: 10.1021/ic062012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent sensors for the detection of chemical explosives are in great demand. It is shown herein that the fluorescence of ZnL* (H2L=N,N'-phenylene-bis-(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylideneimine)) is quenched in solution by nitroaromatics and 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB), chemical signatures of explosives. The relationship between the structure and fluorescence of ZnL is explored, and crystal structures of three forms of ZnL(base), (base=ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine) are reported, with the base=ethanol structure exhibiting a four-centered hydrogen bonding array. Solution structures are monitored by 1H NMR and molecular weight determination, revealing a dimeric structure in poor donor solvents which converts to a monomeric structure in the presence of good donor solvents or added Lewis bases to form five-coordinate ZnL(base). Fluorescence wavelengths and quantum yields in solution are nearly insensitive to monomer-dimer interconversion, as well as to the identity of the Lewis base; in contrast, the emission wavelength in the solid state varies for different ZnL(base) due to pi-stacking. Nitroaromatics and DMNB are moderately efficient quenchers of ZnL*, with Stern-Volmer constants KSV=2-49 M-1 in acetonitrile solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan E Germain
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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33
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Wu H, Hu Z, Burnus T, Denlinger JD, Khalifah PG, Mandrus DG, Jang LY, Hsieh HH, Tanaka A, Liang KS, Allen JW, Cava RJ, Khomskii DI, Tjeng LH. Orbitally driven spin-singlet dimerization in S=1 La4Ru2O10. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:256402. [PMID: 16907328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.256402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ru-L2,3 edge we reveal that the Ru4+ ions remain in the S=1 spin state across the rare 4d-orbital ordering transition and spin-gap formation. We find using local spin density approximation + Hubbard U band structure calculations that the crystal fields in the low-temperature phase are not strong enough to stabilize the S=0 state. Instead, we identify a distinct orbital ordering with a significant anisotropy of the antiferromagnetic exchange couplings. We conclude that La4Ru2O10 appears to be a novel material in which the orbital physics drives the formation of spin-singlet dimers in a quasi-two-dimensional S=1 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
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