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Study of High-Transverse-Momentum Higgs Boson Production in Association with a Vector Boson in the qqbb Final State with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131802. [PMID: 38613283 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This Letter presents the first study of Higgs boson production in association with a vector boson (V=W or Z) in the fully hadronic qqbb final state using data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb^{-1}. The vector bosons and Higgs bosons are each reconstructed as large-radius jets and tagged using jet substructure techniques. Dedicated tagging algorithms exploiting b-tagging properties are used to identify jets consistent with Higgs bosons decaying into bb[over ¯]. Dominant backgrounds from multijet production are determined directly from the data, and a likelihood fit to the jet mass distribution of Higgs boson candidates is used to extract the number of signal events. The VH production cross section is measured inclusively and differentially in several ranges of Higgs boson transverse momentum: 250-450, 450-650, and greater than 650 GeV. The inclusive signal yield relative to the standard model expectation is observed to be μ=1.4_{-0.9}^{+1.0} and the corresponding cross section is 3.1±1.3(stat)_{-1.4}^{+1.8}(syst) pb.
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Measurement of the Centrality Dependence of the Dijet Yield in p+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:102301. [PMID: 38518341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
ATLAS measured the centrality dependence of the dijet yield using 165 nb^{-1} of p+Pb data collected at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV in 2016. The event centrality, which reflects the p+Pb impact parameter, is characterized by the total transverse energy registered in the Pb-going side of the forward calorimeter. The central-to-peripheral ratio of the scaled dijet yields, R_{CP}, is evaluated, and the results are presented as a function of variables that reflect the kinematics of the initial hard parton scattering process. The R_{CP} shows a scaling with the Bjorken x of the parton originating from the proton, x_{p}, while no such trend is observed as a function of x_{Pb}. This analysis provides unique input to understanding the role of small proton spatial configurations in p+Pb collisions by covering parton momentum fractions from the valence region down to x_{p}∼10^{-3} and x_{Pb}∼4×10^{-4}.
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Search for New Phenomena in Two-Body Invariant Mass Distributions Using Unsupervised Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:081801. [PMID: 38457710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.081801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Searches for new resonances are performed using an unsupervised anomaly-detection technique. Events with at least one electron or muon are selected from 140 fb^{-1} of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV recorded by ATLAS at the Large Hadron Collider. The approach involves training an autoencoder on data, and subsequently defining anomalous regions based on the reconstruction loss of the decoder. Studies focus on nine invariant mass spectra that contain pairs of objects consisting of one light jet or b jet and either one lepton (e,μ), photon, or second light jet or b jet in the anomalous regions. No significant deviations from the background hypotheses are observed. Limits on contributions from generic Gaussian signals with various widths of the resonance mass are obtained for nine invariant masses in the anomalous regions.
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Observation of WZγ Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:021802. [PMID: 38277610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of WZγ production and a measurement of its cross section using 140.1±1.2 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The WZγ production cross section, with both the W and Z bosons decaying leptonically, pp→WZγ→ℓ^{'}^{±}νℓ^{+}ℓ^{-}γ (ℓ^{(^{'})}=e, μ), is measured in a fiducial phase-space region defined such that the leptons and the photon have high transverse momentum and the photon is isolated. The cross section is found to be 2.01±0.30(stat)±0.16(syst) fb. The corresponding standard model predicted cross section calculated at next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics and at leading order in the electroweak coupling constant is 1.50±0.06 fb. The observed significance of the WZγ signal is 6.3σ, compared with an expected significance of 5.0σ.
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Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass from the H→γγ and H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ Decay Channels with the ATLAS Detector Using sqrt[s]=7, 8, and 13 TeV pp Collision Data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:251802. [PMID: 38181336 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A measurement of the mass of the Higgs boson combining the H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ and H→γγ decay channels is presented. The result is based on 140 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector during LHC run 2 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV combined with the run 1 ATLAS mass measurement, performed at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, yielding a Higgs boson mass of 125.11±0.09(stat)±0.06(syst)=125.11±0.11 GeV. This corresponds to a 0.09% precision achieved on this fundamental parameter of the Standard Model of particle physics.
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Search for Dark Photons in Rare Z Boson Decays with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:251801. [PMID: 38181367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A search for events with a dark photon produced in association with a dark Higgs boson via rare decays of the standard model Z boson is presented, using 139 fb^{-1} of sqrt[s]=13 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The dark boson decays into a pair of dark photons, and at least two of the three dark photons must each decay into a pair of electrons or muons, resulting in at least two same-flavor opposite-charge lepton pairs in the final state. The data are found to be consistent with the background prediction, and upper limits are set on the dark photon's coupling to the dark Higgs boson times the kinetic mixing between the standard model photon and the dark photon, α_{D}ϵ^{2}, in the dark photon mass range of [5, 40] GeV except for the ϒ mass window [8.8, 11.1] GeV. This search explores new parameter space not previously excluded by other experiments.
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Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 7 (MODY7) & mutation in the krüppel-like transcription factor 11 (KLF11) gene. QJM 2023:hcad257. [PMID: 37952239 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
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Observation of Single-Top-Quark Production in Association with a Photon Using the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:181901. [PMID: 37977601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.181901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of single top quarks produced together with a photon, which directly probes the electroweak coupling of the top quark. The analysis uses 139 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Requiring a photon with transverse momentum larger than 20 GeV and within the detector acceptance, the fiducial cross section is measured to be 688±23(stat) _{-71}^{+75}(syst) fb, to be compared with the standard model prediction of 515_{-42}^{+36} fb at next-to-leading order in QCD.
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Author Correction: A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery. Nature 2023; 623:E5. [PMID: 37853131 PMCID: PMC10620074 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
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Measurement of Suppression of Large-Radius Jets and Its Dependence on Substructure in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:172301. [PMID: 37955510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.172301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This letter presents a measurement of the nuclear modification factor of large-radius jets in sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions by the ATLAS experiment. The measurement is performed using 1.72 nb^{-1} and 257 pb^{-1} of Pb+Pb and pp data, respectively. The large-radius jets are reconstructed with the anti-k_{t} algorithm using a radius parameter of R=1.0, by reclustering anti-k_{t} R=0.2 jets, and are measured over the transverse momentum (p_{T}) kinematic range of 158
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Measurement of the Sensitivity of Two-Particle Correlations in pp Collisions to the Presence of Hard Scatterings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:162301. [PMID: 37925689 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
A key open question in the study of multiparticle production in high-energy pp collisions is the relationship between the "ridge"-i.e., the observed azimuthal correlations between particles in the underlying event that extend over all rapidities-and hard or semihard scattering processes. In particular, it is not known whether jets or their soft fragments are correlated with particles in the underlying event. To address this question, two-particle correlations are measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV using data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, with an integrated luminosity of 15.8 pb^{-1}, in two different configurations. In the first case, charged particles associated with jets are excluded from the correlation analysis, while in the second case, correlations are measured between particles within jets and charged particles from the underlying event. Second-order flow coefficients, v_{2}, are presented as a function of event multiplicity and transverse momentum. These measurements show that excluding particles associated with jets does not affect the measured correlations. Moreover, particles associated with jets do not exhibit any significant azimuthal correlations with the underlying event, ruling out hard processes contributing to the ridge.
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Observation of an Excess of Dicharmonium Events in the Four-Muon Final State with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151902. [PMID: 37897770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
A search is made for potential ccc[over ¯]c[over ¯] tetraquarks decaying into a pair of charmonium states in the four muon final state using proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^{-1} recorded by the ATLAS experiment at LHC. Two decay channels, J/ψ+J/ψ→4μ and J/ψ+ψ(2S)→4μ, are studied. Backgrounds are estimated based on a hybrid approach involving Monte Carlo simulations and data-driven methods. Statistically significant excesses with respect to backgrounds dominated by the single parton scattering are seen in the di-J/ψ channel consistent with a narrow resonance at 6.9 GeV and a broader structure at lower mass. A statistically significant excess is also seen in the J/ψ+ψ(2S) channel. The fitted masses and decay widths of the structures are reported.
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Observation of the γγ→ττ Process in Pb+Pb Collisions and Constraints on the τ-Lepton Anomalous Magnetic Moment with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151802. [PMID: 37897746 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of τ-lepton-pair production in ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions Pb+Pb→Pb(γγ→ττ)Pb and constraints on the τ-lepton anomalous magnetic moment a_{τ}. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.44 nb^{-1} of LHC Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment in 2018. Selected events contain one muon from a τ-lepton decay, an electron or charged-particle track(s) from the other τ-lepton decay, little additional central-detector activity, and no forward neutrons. The γγ→ττ process is observed in Pb+Pb collisions with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations and a signal strength of μ_{ττ}=1.03_{-0.05}^{+0.06} assuming the standard model value for a_{τ}. To measure a_{τ}, a template fit to the muon transverse-momentum distribution from τ-lepton candidates is performed, using a dimuon (γγ→μμ) control sample to constrain systematic uncertainties. The observed 95% confidence-level interval for a_{τ} is -0.057
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[Impact of different diagnostic criteria for assessing mild micro-hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis: an analysis based on a prospective, multicenter, real-world study]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:961-968. [PMID: 37872092 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220602-00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the differences in the prevalence of mild micro-hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) among patients with cirrhosis by using the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) and the Stroop smartphone application (Encephal App) test. Methods: This prospective, multi-center, real-world study was initiated by the National Clinical Medical Research Center for Infectious Diseases and the Portal Hypertension Alliance and registered with International ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05140837). 354 cases of cirrhosis were enrolled in 19 hospitals across the country. PHES (including digital connection tests A and B, digital symbol tests, trajectory drawing tests, and serial management tests) and the Stroop test were conducted in all of them. PHES was differentiated using standard diagnostic criteria established by the two studies in China and South Korea. The Stroop test was evaluated based on the criteria of the research and development team. The impact of different diagnostic standards or methods on the incidence of MHE in patients with cirrhosis was analyzed. Data between groups were differentiated using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ (2) test. A kappa test was used to compare the consistency between groups. Results: After PHES, the prevalence of MHE among 354 cases of cirrhosis was 78.53% and 15.25%, respectively, based on Chinese research standards and Korean research normal value standards. However, the prevalence of MHE was 56.78% based on the Stroop test, and the differences in pairwise comparisons among the three groups were statistically significant (kappa = -0.064, P < 0.001). Stratified analysis revealed that the MHE prevalence in three groups of patients with Child-Pugh classes A, B, and C was 74.14%, 83.33%, and 88.24%, respectively, according to the normal value standards of Chinese researchers, while the MHE prevalence rates in three groups of patients with Child-Pugh classes A, B, and C were 8.29%, 23.53%, and 38.24%, respectively, according to the normal value standards of Korean researchers. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of MHE in the three groups of patients with Child-Pugh grades A, B, and C were 52.68%, 58.82%, and 73.53%, respectively, according to the Stroop test standard. However, among the results of each diagnostic standard, the prevalence of MHE showed an increasing trend with an increasing Child-Pugh grade. Further comparison demonstrated that the scores obtained by the number connection test A and the number symbol test were consistent according to the normal value standards of the two studies in China and South Korea (Z = -0.982, -1.702; P = 0.326, 0.089), while the other three sub-tests had significant differences (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of MHE in the cirrhotic population is high, but the prevalence of MHE obtained by using different diagnostic criteria or methods varies greatly. Therefore, in line with the current changes in demographics and disease spectrum, it is necessary to enroll a larger sample size of a healthy population as a control. Moreover, the establishment of more reliable diagnostic scoring criteria will serve as a basis for obtaining accurate MHE incidence and formulating diagnosis and treatment strategies in cirrhotic populations.
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Strong Constraints on Jet Quenching in Centrality-Dependent p+Pb Collisions at 5.02 TeV from ATLAS. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:072301. [PMID: 37656838 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.072301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Jet quenching is the process of color-charged partons losing energy via interactions with quark-gluon plasma droplets created in heavy-ion collisions. The collective expansion of such droplets is well described by viscous hydrodynamics. Similar evidence of collectivity is consistently observed in smaller collision systems, including pp and p+Pb collisions. In contrast, while jet quenching is observed in Pb+Pb collisions, no evidence has been found in these small systems to date, raising fundamental questions about the nature of the system created in these collisions. The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider has measured the yield of charged hadrons correlated with reconstructed jets in 0.36 nb^{-1} of p+Pb and 3.6 pb^{-1} of pp collisions at 5.02 TeV. The yields of charged hadrons with p_{T}^{ch}>0.5 GeV near and opposite in azimuth to jets with p_{T}^{jet}>30 or 60 GeV, and the ratios of these yields between p+Pb and pp collisions, I_{pPb}, are reported. The collision centrality of p+Pb events is categorized by the energy deposited by forward neutrons from the struck nucleus. The I_{pPb} values are consistent with unity within a few percent for hadrons with p_{T}^{ch}>4 GeV at all centralities. These data provide new, strong constraints that preclude almost any parton energy loss in central p+Pb collisions.
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Test of CP Invariance in Higgs Boson Vector-Boson-Fusion Production Using the H→γγ Channel with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:061802. [PMID: 37625052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.061802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A test of CP invariance in Higgs boson production via vector-boson fusion has been performed in the H→γγ channel using 139 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The optimal observable method is used to probe the CP structure of interactions between the Higgs boson and electroweak gauge bosons, as described by an effective field theory. No sign of CP violation is observed in the data. Constraints are set on the parameters describing the strength of the CP-odd component in the coupling between the Higgs boson and the electroweak gauge bosons in two effective field theory bases: d[over ˜] in the HISZ basis and c_{HW[over ˜]} in the Warsaw basis. The results presented are the most stringent constraints on CP violation in the coupling between Higgs and weak bosons. The 95% C.L. constraint on d[over ˜] is derived for the first time and the 95% C.L. constraint on c_{HW[over ˜]} has been improved by a factor of 5 compared to the previous measurement.
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[Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of kidney: Clinicopathology and prognosis]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2023; 55:276-282. [PMID: 37042138 PMCID: PMC10091246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate and summarize the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, differential diagnosis and prognosis analysis of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC). METHODS The data of thirteen cases of MTSCC were retrospectively analyzed, the clinical and pathological characteristics and immunohistochemical expression were summarized, and fluorescence in situ hybridization was detected. RESULTS Among the thirteen patients, four were males and nine females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1 ∶2.25. The average age was 57.1 years, ranging from 39 to 78 years. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 2-12 cm. All cases had no symptoms, and were accidentally discovered, 3 cases underwent partial renal resection, 10 cases underwent radical renal resection, 9 cases were located in the left kidney, and 4 cases were located in the right kidney. Most of the cases showed the classical morphological changes, with 11 cases of nuclear grading [World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading system] being G2 and 2 cases being G3. There were 6 cases of stage PT1a, 3 cases of PT1b, 2 cases of PT2a, and 1 case of PT2b and 1 case of PT3a. The positive rates of immunohistochemical staining were: vimentin, AE1/AE3, α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (αMACR) and cytokeratin (CK) 8/18, 100% (13/13); CK7, 92.3% (12/13); epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), 92.3% (12/13); CK20, 46.2% (6/13); CD10, 30.8% (4/13); synaptophysin (Syn), 7.7% (1/13); chromogranin A (CgA), CD57, WT1 and Ki-67, 0 (0/13), and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that no trisomy of chromosomes 7 and 17 were observed in any of the cases. The follow-up period was 6 months to 7 years and 6 months, 2 cases died after lung metastasis (one with ISUP/WHO grade G3, one with necrosis), and the remaining 11 cases had no recurrence and metastasis. CONCLUSION MTSCC is a unique type of low-grade malignancy kidney tumor, occurs predominantly in females, widely distributed in age, the current treatment method is surgical resection, and cases with necrosis and high-grade morphology are prone to recurrence and metastasis, although most cases have a good prognosis, but they still need close follow-up after surgery.
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Reconstruction with 3D-printed prostheses after type I + II + III internal hemipelvectomy: Finite element analysis and preliminary outcomes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1036882. [PMID: 36698627 PMCID: PMC9868148 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1036882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prosthetic reconstruction after type I + II+ III internal hemipelvectomy remains challenging due to the lack of osseointegration and presence of giant shear force at the sacroiliac joint. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the novel 3D-printed, custom-made prosthesis with pedicle screw-rod system and sacral tray using finite element analysis. Methods: Four models that included one intact pelvis were established for validation. Forces of 500 N and 2,000 N were applied, respectively, to simulate static bipedal standing and the most loaded condition during a gait cycle. Biomechanical analysis was performed, and the results were compared; the preliminary outcomes of four patients were recorded. Results: For the reconstructed hemipelvis, stress was mainly concentrated on the sacral screws, bone-prosthesis interface, and upper endplate of the L5 vertebra. The optimization of the design with the sacral tray structure could decrease the peak stress of the sacral screws by 18.6%, while the maximal stress of the prosthesis increased by 60.7%. The addition of the lumbosacral pedicle-rod system further alleviated stress of the sacral screws and prosthesis by 30.2% and 19.4%, respectively. The site of peak stress was contemporaneously transferred to the connecting rods within an elastic range. In the retrospective clinical study, four patients who had undergone prosthetic reconstruction were included. During a follow-up of 16.6 ± 7.5 months, the walking ability was found preserved in all patients who are still alive and no prosthesis-related complications had occurred except for one hip dislocation. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was found to be 19.5 ± 2.9. Conclusion: The novel reconstructive system yielded favorable biomechanical characteristics and demonstrated promising preliminary outcomes. The method can be used as a reference for reconstruction after type I + II + III hemipelvectomy.
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[Identification of metabolic biomarkers associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes based on a nested case-control study]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:1784-1788. [PMID: 36536566 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220315-00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore metabolic biomarkers associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes. Methods: Cluster random sampling method was used to select 10 867 local residents aged ≥ 20 years in Liangxi district of Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province in 2007. The baseline survey and physical examination were conducted to collect participants' information, including demographic characteristics, behavior and lifestyles, disease history, family history of diabetes, height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure, etc. Blood samples were collected and biochemical indexes (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, etc.) were tested. By June 30, 2020, 220 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes during the follow-up were selected as cases, and 220 healthy individuals were matched as controls with age (±5 years) and the same sex. High performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer was used to detect and identify metabolites in serum samples of two groups at baseline. Lasso regression and multivariate conditional logistic regression were used to explore the metabolites associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes. Results: The age of participants at baseline was (53±7) years, and 41.82% were male. 25 out of 1 579 metabolites were selected to be potentially associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes in the lasso regression model. The multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis showed that only 7-Methylxanthine had an independent effect on type 2 diabetes (P=0.019). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (95%CI) of the prediction model of type 2 diabetes based on traditional risk factors was 0.80 (0.76-0.85). After the 7-methylxanthine in the model, the AUC (95%CI) increased to 0.92 (0.89-0.95) (P<0.001). From the second year, 7-methylxanthine could improve the prediction performance (P=0.007). Conclusion: The level of 7-methylxanthine is related to the onset of type 2 diabetes, and can be used as a biomarker to predict its incidence risk.
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Optimal radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer: A network meta-analysis of 23,418 patients. Cancer Radiother 2022; 26:1054-1063. [PMID: 36036359 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to explore whether partial breast irradiation can replace hypofractionated whole breast irradiation and whether the former two are superior to conventional fractionated whole breast irradiation, we conducted a network meta-analysis based on the data from the latest randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of these radiotherapy modalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data from eligible studies were analyzed to determine the published events for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence, distant metastasis, total deaths, and non-breast cancer-related deaths. In the case of low or high heterogeneity, the fixed-effect or random-effect model was used for statistical analysis respectively. NMA was performed by using the node-splitting model for two-category data among three radiotherapies based on a Bayesian method. RESULTS A total of 23,418 patients were included in 16 studies. For ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence, both pairwise (OR=1.9; CI95%: 1.2 -2.8; p<0.05) and indirect (OR=1.7; CI95%: 1.2 -2.4; p<0.05) comparison of three radiotherapies by network meta-analysis showed that conventional fractionated whole breast irradiation was significantly better than partial breast irradiation. Indirect comparison of three radiotherapies by network meta-analysis showed that hypofractionated whole breast irradiation was significantly better than partial breast irradiation (OR=1.6; CI95%: 1.0 -2.5; p<0.05). Network and paired meta-analyses found no significant differences in other endpoints among the three radiotherapies. CONCLUSION Overall, this network meta-analysis showed that partial breast irradiation was related to the increase of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence compared with hypofractionated or conventional fractionated whole breast irradiation in patients with early-stage breast cancer.
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A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery. Nature 2022; 607:52-59. [PMID: 35788192 PMCID: PMC9259483 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The standard model of particle physics1-4 describes the known fundamental particles and forces that make up our Universe, with the exception of gravity. One of the central features of the standard model is a field that permeates all of space and interacts with fundamental particles5-9. The quantum excitation of this field, known as the Higgs field, manifests itself as the Higgs boson, the only fundamental particle with no spin. In 2012, a particle with properties consistent with the Higgs boson of the standard model was observed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN10,11. Since then, more than 30 times as many Higgs bosons have been recorded by the ATLAS experiment, enabling much more precise measurements and new tests of the theory. Here, on the basis of this larger dataset, we combine an unprecedented number of production and decay processes of the Higgs boson to scrutinize its interactions with elementary particles. Interactions with gluons, photons, and W and Z bosons-the carriers of the strong, electromagnetic and weak forces-are studied in detail. Interactions with three third-generation matter particles (bottom (b) and top (t) quarks, and tau leptons (τ)) are well measured and indications of interactions with a second-generation particle (muons, μ) are emerging. These tests reveal that the Higgs boson discovered ten years ago is remarkably consistent with the predictions of the theory and provide stringent constraints on many models of new phenomena beyond the standard model.
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Reconstruction of Tumor-Induced Pelvic Defects With Customized, Three-Dimensional Printed Prostheses. Front Oncol 2022; 12:935059. [PMID: 35847863 PMCID: PMC9282862 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.935059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reconstruction of pelvis girdle stability after tumor-induced hemipelvectomy remains challenging. We surgically treated 13 patients with custom-made, three-dimensional printed hemipelvic prostheses. We aim to identify the preliminary outcomes for patients who have been managed with more mixed regions of prosthetic pelvic reconstruction and the feasibility of two reconstructive systems. Methods Seven male patients and 6 female patients treated at our center between January 2019 and May 2021 were included. There were 11 primary sarcomas and 2 solitary bone metastases. After en bloc tumor resection, two types of personalized, three-dimensional printed prostheses were fixed to restore the stability and rebuild the load transfer. The position of the reconstructed hemipelvis was evaluated on an anteroposterior plain radiograph. The complications and outcomes were traced. One amputation specimen was discovered through histological analysis of the porous structure. Results The operative duration was 467 ± 144 min, and the blood loss was 3,119 ± 662 ml. During a follow-up of 22.4 ± 8.5 months, two patients had delayed wound healing and one had a second-stage flap transfer. One patient with osteosarcoma died of pulmonary metastasis 27 months after surgery. Two patients with marginal resection suffered from local recurrence and had extra surgeries. One patient had traumatic hip dislocation 2 months after surgery and manipulative reduction was performed. The acetabular inclination of the affected side was 42.2 ± 4.3°, compared with 42.1 ± 3.9° on the contralateral side. The horizontal distance between the center of the femoral head and the middle vertical line was 10.4 ± 0.6 cm, while the reconstructed side was 9.8 ± 0.8 cm. No significant difference in acetabular position after surgery was found (p > 0.05). The amputation specimen harvested from one patient with local recurrence demonstrated bone and soft tissue ingrowth within the three-dimensional printed trabecular structure. Walking ability was preserved in all patients who are still alive and no prosthesis-related complications occurred. The MSTS score was 22.0 ± 3.7. Conclusions Both types of custom-made, three-dimensional printed prostheses manifested excellent precision, mechanical stability, and promising functional rehabilitation. The porous structure exhibited favorable histocompatibility to facilitate the ingrowth of bone and soft tissue.
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P29.05 Gross Tumor Volume Contouring Variations in Radiation Therapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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P29.03 Thoracic Organs at Risk (OARs) Contouring Variations and Consensus in Radiation Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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[Clinical and prognosis analysis of children with kidney retransplantation]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2021; 59:737-742. [PMID: 34645213 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210515-00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical and prognosis of children with kidney retransplantation. Methods: Clinical data of 11 children who underwent kidney retransplantation from January 2011 to December 2020 in Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University were retrospectilely analyzed. The clinical data including demographic parameters, primary diagnosis, characteristics in the follow-up of renal allograft were analyzed. Results: Totally 11 cases received secondary renal transplantation (male 6, female 5). They were initially diagnosed with chronic kidney disease at the age of 11.9 (7.4, 13.3) years. The median duration of dialysis was 22.1 (3.5, 36.5) months. In the first transplantation, recipient age was 13.9 (11.1, 15.2) years. Ten cases received donation from cardiac death donor (DCD) (9 cases received donors aged less than one year, 5 of them received whole kidney transplantation and one case received donor aged one to three years) and 1 case with living-related donor. Ten graft failures occurred within 1 month after renal transplantation and the other one occurred at the fifth month after transplantation. The causes included vascular factors (9 cases), rejection (1 case) and primary non-function (1 case). In the second transplantation, recipient age was 14.7 (11.7, 16.2) years. All the 11 children received dialysis (7 with PD and 4 with HD) and successfully completed the second transplantation. The median time between the two transplants was 210 (16, 1 041) days. Donors were all DCD donors from 3 years of age or older. The mean follow-up duration was (42±15) months. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was (85±34)ml/(min·1.73 m2) when the last investigation after kidney retransplantation with the kidney and patient all survived. Conclusions: Kidney retransplantation may have better prognosis in children. Dialysis transition during waiting period and DCD donor from 3 years of age or older can effectively ensure the success of kidney retransplantation.
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The Potential Protective Effect of Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Post-Operative Delirium via Inhibiting Inflammation and Microglia Activation. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2781-2791. [PMID: 34234505 PMCID: PMC8254188 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s316560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increased inflammation is closely correlated with post-operative delirium (POD). Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) shows protective effect on inflammatory diseases. However, the relationship between MANF and POD is still undefined. This study aimed to explore the potential effect of MANF on POD. Methods Pre- and post-operative levels of MANF and inflammatory cytokines were measured in serum from POD and non-POD patients by ELISA, as well as endogenous MANF in serum from healthy individuals with different ages. Endogenous MANF in mice brain from different ages was also measured. Abdominal surgery was performed for POD mice model. POD-like behavior changes in mice were evaluated using buried food test, open field test and Y maze test. Results Endogenous MANF was decreased in age-dependent manner in both humans and mice. The pre-operative level of MANF in serum from POD patients was lower compared with that in non-POD patients (p=0.016). MANF increase in serum after surgery was less in POD patients than that in non-POD patients (p<0.001). In mice, recombinant human MANF reversed the surgery-induced elongation of latency to eat food, increase in latency to center and increase in time in center in open field test, and also increase in duration in novel arm in Y maze test. In addition, MANF inhibited surgery-induced inflammation, microglial activation and M1 polarization in mice. Conclusion The relative low MANF level may contribute to POD in the elderly. MANF has a protective role against POD-like behavior changes in mice.
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[Feasibility multi-center study of artificial intelligence assistance in cervical fluid-based cytology diagnosis]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 50:353-357. [PMID: 33831994 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20201109-00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To propose a method of cervical cytology screening based on deep convolutional neural network and compare it with the diagnosis of cytologists. Method: The deep segmentation network was used to extract 618 333 regions of interest (ROI) from 5, 516 cytological pathological images. Combined with the experience of physicians, the deep classification network with the ability to analyze ROI was trained. The classification results were used to construct features, and the decision model was used to complete the classification of cytopathological images. Results: The sensitivity and specificity were 89.72%, 58.48%, 33.95% and 95.94% respectively. Among the smears derived from four different preparation methods, this algorithm had the best effect on natural fallout with a sensitivity of 91.10%, specificity of 69.32%, positive predictive rate of 41.41%, and negative predictive rate of 97.03%. Conclusion: Deep convolutional neural network image recognition technology can be applied to cervical cytology screening.
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A vascularized bone graft harvested from the dorsal base of the third metacarpal bone for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion. HAND SURGERY & REHABILITATION 2021; 40:439-447. [PMID: 33839334 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study was to introduce the use of an alternative vascularized bone graft for treating scaphoid non-union. The vascularized bone graft was harvested from the dorsal base of the third metacarpal bone. From May 2014 to September 2017, 29 patients with scaphoid non-union were treated. Grip and pinch strengths were compared to the contralateral side. The patients rated wrist joint pain on a visual analogue scale. Wrist function was assessed on Mayo Wrist Score. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 18 scaphoids healed at 6 weeks and the other 11 at 16 weeks. Follow-up ranged from 28 to 73 months, for a mean 48 months. At final follow-up, mean wrist flexion had improved from 65° (range, 51°-81°) preoperatively to 72° (range, 61-78°) (p > 0.05), for a contralateral value of 74° (range, 65°-86°). Mean extension had improved from 56° (range, 44°-72°) to 60° (range, 47°-76°) (p > 0.05) for a contralateral value of 66° (range, 52°-80°). Mean wrist pain improved from 4 (range, 3-8) to 2 (range, 0-4) (p < 0.05). Mean pinch strength improved from 6.4 kg (range, 5.2-7.3 kg) to 8.6 kg (6.1-9.9 kg) (p < 0.05). Mayo Wrist Score improved from 49 (range, 10-65) to 92 (range, 70-100) (p < 0.05). Transferring a vascularized bone graft harvested from the base of the third metacarpal bone was an effective alternative for the treatment of scaphoid non-union, achieving bone healing and normal wrist function without significant donor-site morbidity. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.
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CircRNA_MYLK promotes malignant progression of ovarian cancer through regulating microRNA-652. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:5281-5291. [PMID: 32495861 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202005_21310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate circRNA_MYLK level in ovarian cancer (OC), and to further investigate whether it could promote the malignant progression of OC via regulating microRNA-652. PATIENTS AND METHODS quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine circRNA_MYLK level in 46 tumor tissue specimens and paracancerous normal ones collected from OC patients, and the interplay between circRNA_MYLK expression and clinical indicators of OC and patient prognosis was analyzed. Meanwhile, qPCR was also used to further verify circRNA_MYLK level in OC cell lines. In addition, circRNA_MYLK knockdown model was constructed using lentivirus in OC cell lines including A2780 and CAOV3, and the impacts of circRNA_MYLK on the biological functions of OC cells was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and cloning experiments. Finally, Luciferase reporting assay and recovery experiment were performed to investigate the regulatory interplay between circRNA_MYLK and microRNA-652. RESULTS qPCR results indicated that circRNA_MYLK level in OC patients was remarkably higher than that in adjacent ones, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with patients with low expression of circRNA_MYLK, patients with high expression of circRNA_MYLK had a higher pathological staging and a lower overall survival rate. Compared with the control group (sh-NC), the OC cell proliferation ability was remarkably attenuated in the circRNA_MYLK knockdown group (sh-circRNA). In addition, qPCR verification revealed that the expression levels of microRNA-652 and circRNA_MYLK were negatively correlated in OC tissues. At the same time, bioinformatics analysis and Luciferase reporter gene assay results confirmed that circRNA_MYLK can be targeted by microRNA-652. Finally, it was found that simultaneous knockdown of circRNA_MYKK and microRNA-652 could reverse the enhanced OC cell proliferative capacity induced by downregulation of circRNA_MYLK alone. CONCLUSIONS CircRNA_MYLK may promote the malignant progression of OC via regulating microRNA-652, and its expression was remarkably associated with pathological staging and poor prognosis in patients with OC.
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[Probability of premature mortality caused by four major non-communicable diseases and its impact on life expectancy in Wuxi, 2008-2018]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:291-296. [PMID: 33626618 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200403-00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the trend of premature death of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Wuxi from 2008 to 2018 and evaluate the influence of premature mortality probability caused by four main NCDs on life expectancy. Methods: Based on the mortality data collected by Wuxi Mortality Registration System and the population data collected by Wuxi Public Security Bureau during 2008-2018, this study analyzes the trend of the probability of premature death on malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes. The impact on life expectancy was analyzed by using the methods of abridged life table, Joinpoint regression, and life expectancy contribution decomposition. Results: From 2008 to 2018, the total probability of premature death of four main NCDs in Wuxi were declined consistently from 11.25% to 9.25% (AAPC = -2.0%, 95%CI: -2.6--1.5), higher in female (from 7.74% to 5.91%) than that in male (from 14.49% to 12.51%). The Wuxi resident's life expectancy increased by 1.86 years (from 78.66 to 80.52 years), in males and 1.26 years (from 83.85 to 85.11 years) in females, respectively. The decline of premature death of malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory system diseases had a positive contribution to life expectancy, which contributed 0.34 years (23.90%), 0.15 years (10.50%), and 0.03 years (2.36%) to the life expectancy growth, respectively. Among which, premature death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in men aged 40-55y had a negative contribution to life expectancy (-0.04 years). The probability of premature death of males with diabetes was on the rise (AAPC = 7.1%, 95%CI: 2.8-11.6), which negatively contributed to life expectancy for both males and females, reducing life expectancy by 0.03 years (-2.14%) in Wuxi. Conclusion: The premature death probability of four main NCDs in Wuxi declined consistently from 2008 to 2018, which played a positive role in the growth of life expectancy. Compared with females, males had a higher premature death probability and a slower rate of decline. More intervention and health management of premature male death on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes should be conducted to improve life expectancy further.
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[Analysis on post-marketing effectiveness and immunogenicity of enterovirus-A71 vaccine]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:1518-1521. [PMID: 33076610 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191006-00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and immunogenicity of enterovirus-A71(EV-A71) vaccine in immunization program. Methods: A cohort study was conducted in immunization clinics in Jing'an district in Shanghai from October to December 2017. Children who received EV-A71 vaccine based on a 2-dose schedule (on day 0 and day 30) were enrolled as vaccine group and those who received no EV-A71 vaccine were enrolled as control group. After 1-year follow-up, the effectiveness and neutralizing antibody level and the positive results of antibody immunogenicity in vaccine group were analyzed. Results: A total of 3 018 children aged 8-20 months were enrolled, in whom 1 211 were in vaccine group and 1 807 were in control group. The vaccine effectiveness was 100% against EV-A71-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) indicated by 1 year follow-up (95%CI: -66.99%-100.00%). The geometric mean titer of neutralizing antibody (GMT) was 41.76 (95%CI: 35.60-49.34) at day 60 and 28.44(95%CI: 23.59-34.54) at day 365 in 124 children in vaccine group. Conclusions: In children, EV-A71 vaccine elicited EV-A71-specific immune response. Less EV-A71-associated HFMD cases have been observed, further observation is needed.
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691TiP A phase III, randomized study of enzalutamide (ENZA) plus leuprolide (LHRHa), ENZA monotherapy, and placebo plus LHRHa in men with high-risk nonmetastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (nmHSPC) progressing after local therapy: EMBARK final protocol/study status. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
Abstract
Background: Cancer patients are regarded as highly vulnerable group in the current SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic. Up to date, the clinical characteristics of cancer patients with COVID-19 are largely unknown.
Patients and methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we collected and analyzed data of the cancer patients with y confirmed COVID-19 infection from three designated hospitals in Wuhan, China from Jan 13, 2020, to Feb 26, 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the risk factors associated with severe events defined as a condition that admission to an intensive care unit, the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. We also followed 124 cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and their families for their infection rate and clinical outcome.
Results: Twenty-eight COVID-19 infected cancer patients were included with median age of 65.0 years (IQR:56.0-70.0) and male gender of 60.7% (17/28). Amount of these 28 patients, 7 (25%) had lung cancer, and 8 (28.6%) were considered to be infected via hospital-associated transmission. Fifteen (53.6%) patients had severe events with the mortality rate of 28.6%. The last anti-tumor treatment within 14 days from the diagnoses of COVID significant increased risk of developing severe events (HR=4.079, 95%CI 1.086-15.322, P=0.037). The common chest CT findings were ground-glass opacity (21, 75.0%) and patchy consolidation (13, 46.3%). The patchy consolidation on CT had a higher risk for developing severe events (HR=5.438, 95%CI 1.498-19.748, P=0.010). There was only one patient (1/124, 0.8%) who have been on ICI treatment for his metastatic HCC confirmed with COVID infection, and with mild clinic presentation and a short hospital course.
Conclusions: Cancer patients showed aggressive presentation and poor outcomes with the COVID-19 infection. It is recommended that vigorous screening for COVID-19 infection should be performed for cancer patients with anti-tumor. From our limited data, there is no evidence to suggest difference in cancer patients on ICI treatment.
Citation Format: Li Zhang, F Zhu, L Xie, C Wang, J Wang, R Chen, P Jia, H Q. Guan, L Peng, P Peng, P Zhang, Q Chu, Q Shen, Y Wang, S Y. Xu, J P. Zhao, M Zhou, Y Chen. The experience of treating patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic in China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT401.
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Automatic Machine Learning to Differentiate Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors on Routine MR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1279-1285. [PMID: 32661052 PMCID: PMC7357647 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differentiating the types of pediatric posterior fossa tumors on routine imaging may help in preoperative evaluation and guide surgical resection planning. However, qualitative radiologic MR imaging review has limited performance. This study aimed to compare different machine learning approaches to classify pediatric posterior fossa tumors on routine MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included preoperative MR imaging of 288 patients with pediatric posterior fossa tumors, including medulloblastoma (n = 111), ependymoma (n = 70), and pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 107). Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted images, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, and ADC maps. Models generated by standard manual optimization by a machine learning expert were compared with automatic machine learning via the Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool for performance evaluation. RESULTS For 3-way classification, the radiomics model by automatic machine learning with the Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool achieved a test micro-averaged area under the curve of 0.91 with an accuracy of 0.83, while the most optimized model based on the feature-selection method χ2 score and the Generalized Linear Model classifier achieved a test micro-averaged area under the curve of 0.92 with an accuracy of 0.74. Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool models achieved significantly higher accuracy than average qualitative expert MR imaging review (0.83 versus 0.54, P < .001). For binary classification, Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool models achieved an area under the curve of 0.94 with an accuracy of 0.85 for medulloblastoma versus nonmedulloblastoma, an area under the curve of 0.84 with an accuracy of 0.80 for ependymoma versus nonependymoma, and an area under the curve of 0.94 with an accuracy of 0.88 for pilocytic astrocytoma versus non-pilocytic astrocytoma. CONCLUSIONS Automatic machine learning based on routine MR imaging classified pediatric posterior fossa tumors with high accuracy compared with manual expert pipeline optimization and qualitative expert MR imaging review.
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Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: a retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan, China. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:894-901. [PMID: 32224151 PMCID: PMC7270947 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 983] [Impact Index Per Article: 245.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer patients are regarded as a highly vulnerable group in the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To date, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients remain largely unknown. Patients and methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included cancer patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from three designated hospitals in Wuhan, China. Clinical data were collected from medical records from 13 January 2020 to 26 February 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to assess the risk factors associated with severe events defined as a condition requiring admission to an intensive care unit, the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Results A total of 28 COVID-19-infected cancer patients were included; 17 (60.7%) patients were male. Median (interquartile range) age was 65.0 (56.0–70.0) years. Lung cancer was the most frequent cancer type (n = 7; 25.0%). Eight (28.6%) patients were suspected to have hospital-associated transmission. The following clinical features were shown in our cohort: fever (n = 23, 82.1%), dry cough (n = 22, 81%), and dyspnoea (n = 14, 50.0%), along with lymphopaenia (n = 23, 82.1%), high level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (n = 23, 82.1%), anaemia (n = 21, 75.0%), and hypoproteinaemia (n = 25, 89.3%). The common chest computed tomography (CT) findings were ground-glass opacity (n = 21, 75.0%) and patchy consolidation (n = 13, 46.3%). A total of 15 (53.6%) patients had severe events and the mortality rate was 28.6%. If the last antitumour treatment was within 14 days, it significantly increased the risk of developing severe events [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.079, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.086–15.322, P = 0.037]. Furthermore, patchy consolidation on CT on admission was associated with a higher risk of developing severe events (HR = 5.438, 95% CI 1.498–19.748, P = 0.010). Conclusions Cancer patients show deteriorating conditions and poor outcomes from the COVID-19 infection. It is recommended that cancer patients receiving antitumour treatments should have vigorous screening for COVID-19 infection and should avoid treatments causing immunosuppression or have their dosages decreased in case of COVID-19 coinfection.
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Relationships of growth, stable carbon isotope composition and anatomical properties of leaf and xylem in seven mulberry cultivars: a hint towards drought tolerance. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:287-297. [PMID: 31677322 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fast growth of mulberry depends on high water consumption, but considerable variations in drought tolerance exist across different cultivars. Physiological and anatomical mechanisms are important to plant survival under drought. However, few research efforts have been made to reveal the relationships of these two aspects in relation to drought tolerance. In this study, growth rates, leaf functional physiology and anatomical characteristics of leaf and xylem of 1-year-old saplings of seven mulberry cultivars at a common garden were compared. Their relationships were also explored. Growth, leaf physiology and anatomy were significantly different among the tested cultivars. Foliar stable carbon isotope composition (δ13 C) was negatively correlated with growth rates, and closely related to several leaf and xylem anatomical traits. Particularly, leaf thickness, predicted hydraulic conductivity and vessel element length jointly contributed 77% of the variability in δ13 C. Cultivar Wupu had small stomata, intermediate leaf thickness, the smallest hydraulically weighted vessel diameter and highest vessel number, and higher δ13 C; Yunguo1 had high abaxial stomatal density, low specific leaf area, moderate hydraulic conductivity and δ13 C; these are beneficial features to reduce leaf water loss and drought-induced xylem embolism in arid areas. Cultivar Liaolu11 had contrasting physiological and anatomical traits compared with the previous two cultivars, suggesting that it might be sensitive to drought. Our findings indicate that growth and δ13 C are closely associated with both leaf and xylem anatomical characteristics in mulberry, which provides fundamental information to assist evaluation of drought tolerance in mulberry cultivars and in other woody trees.
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Factor structure of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index in Chinese adolescents. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Evaluating the Efficiency of REPLI-g® Single Cell Kit for Trace DNA Amplification. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2019; 35:210-215. [PMID: 31135117 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficiency of REPLI-g® Single Cell Kit for sample DNA amplification, and explore its application value in forensic trace DNA amplification. Methods Three DNA extraction kits were selected to extract DNA from peripheral blood of 10 unrelated individuals. The DNA yield and purity of the three DNA extraction kits were compared. According to the results of comparison, one DNA sample was selected to concentrate and dilute, then used as the initial sample of whole genome amplification (WGA). REPLI-g® Single Cell Kit was used to amplify the initial sample at the whole genome level. The amplification yield and amplification times were calculated, and the distribution of DNA fragments was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. Goldeneye® DNA ID System 20A Kit was used to perform the STR typing of the initial sample and DNA samples amplified at the whole genome level to evaluate the performance of REPLI-g® Single Cell Kit in trace DNA amplication in terms of purity and yield as well as the success rate of STR typing. Results After comparison, one DNA sample was selected from QIAsymphony® DNA Investigator® Kit extracts to concentrate and dilute as the initial sample of WGA. After amplifying the whole genome of a series of initial samples by REPLI-g® Single Cell Kit, the lowest average of amplification yield reached 8.77×103 ng, while the average of the corresponding amplification times reached 1.40×106. DNA fragments were large and concentrated. The STR typing success rate of WGA samples became lower with the decrease of initial samples used, but when the amount of samples was lower than 0.5 ng, the STR typing success rate of samples after DNA WGA was higher than that of samples without DNA WGA. Conclusion REPLI-g® Single Cell Kit can increase the yield of template DNA. Especially for trace DNA, the STR typing success rate can be improved to a certain extent.
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[Clinicopathological analysis of pulmonary mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 48:318-321. [PMID: 30955271 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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The novel Jab1 inhibitor CSN5i-3 suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Neoplasma 2019; 66:481-486. [PMID: 30868895 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2018_181016n772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Jab1 is a vital subunit of the CSN family and is reported to be overexpressed in numerous cancer types. Due to the importance of Jab1/CSN5 in cancer cell proliferation and survival, Jab1 is considered a promising therapeutic target. Therefore, we evaluated the anticancer effect of the novel Jab1 inhibitor CSN5i-3 in breast cancer cells. In our study, we found that Jab1 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues and was correlated with poor prognosis in human breast cancer patients. An MTS assay revealed that CSN5i-3 suppressed cell proliferation in the breast cancer cell lines BT474 and SKBR3. We also found that CSN5i-3 significantly induced apoptosis and G1 phase cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. A mechanistic investigation revealed that CSN5i-3 inhibited Jab1 expression and increased the level of the apoptosis marker cleaved PARP and the cell-cycle-related protein p27 in BT474 and SKBR3 cells. A nude mouse xenograft model also indicated that CSN5i-3 exerted a potent anticancer effect in vivo. Overall, our study suggested that the Jab1 inhibitor CSN5i-3 might be a promising agent for the treatment of breast cancer in humans and should be studied further.
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Abstract P2-06-13: A novel small molecule JMX0293 inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer via suppressing STAT3 and inducing apoptosis. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-06-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Approximately 30-40% of breast cancer cases are estrogen receptor negative (ENBC), including the most aggressive triple-negative subtype (TNBC) which spread early and recur frequently with a poor prognosis. ENBCs do not respond to selective ER modulators such as tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors, and therefore, there is an urgent need of non-ER-based therapies for ENBC and TNBC. We recently developed a novel small molecule JMX0293 based on our lead drug candidate HJC0152. Both HJC0152 and JMX0293 were able to suppress cell proliferation of both ER+ (MCF-7, T-47D) and ER- (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) breast cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, with significantly lower toxicity against normal mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A) in vitro. JMX0293 exhibited moderately improved anti-proliferative effects against highly invasive TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 and ER+ breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with IC50 values of 0.92 and 2.24 μM, respectively. JMX0293 was also demonstrated to induce apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells dose-dependently. Mechanistically, JMX0293 inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr705 residue, leading to the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of apoptotic proteins including Bax, cleaved-caspase 3 and cleaved-PARP. In addition, JMX0293 reduced the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax. In vivo, JMX0293 treatment for 2 weeks at a dose of 10 mg/kg significantly suppressed the growth of TNBC xenograft tumors in mice with minimal impact on general health and body weight. Our results suggest that JMX0293 induces TNBC cell apoptosis and contributes to its anti-proliferative effect through inhibiting transcription factor STAT3, and JMX0293 could be further characterized and optimized for developing a promising therapeutic for treating ENBC and TNBC. This work was supported by grant (R01 CA231150) from the NIH/NCI.
Citation Format: Dong J, Xu J, Kim H, Zhou J, Shen Q. A novel small molecule JMX0293 inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer via suppressing STAT3 and inducing apoptosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-13.
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[The value of circulating tumor cells detected by chromosome centromere probe identification in diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2019; 41:772-777. [PMID: 30347548 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study explored the value of circulating tumor cells (CTC) detected by chromosome 8 centromere probe in diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as correlation between CTC counts and clinical pathological characteristics. Methods: We collected 136 patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC (101 males and 35 females, age ranged from 34 to 79 years), 149 patients with non-malignant pulmonary diseases (103 males and 46 females, age ranged from 24 to 80 years) and 32 healthy volunteers (5 males and 27 females, age ranged from 24 to 42 years). Detection was performed using an epithelial cell adhesion molecule-independent strategy that combined immunocytochemistry staining (ICC) of CD(45) and fluorescence in situ hybridization detection (FISH) with chromosome 8 centromere probe (CEP8). CTC was defined as 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) positive, CD(45) negative and CEP8 more than 2 positive points. Quantitative data were reported as x±s and Mann Whitney test was used to compare them. Measurement data were analyzed as contingency tables and Pearson chi-squared test was used. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: CTCs were detected in 114 patients (83.8%) with NSCLC, 35 patients (23.5%) with non-malignant pulmonary diseases (P<0.000 1) and 5 volunteers (15.6%). CTC counts in NSCLC patients were (5.98±0.64) per 3.2 ml and (0.60±0.13) per 3.2 ml (P<0.000 1). A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed similar capability of CTC count, with CEA, in discriminating NSCLC and non-malignant diseases with an area under ROC curve of 0.854 (95% confidence interval: 0.808-0.900, P<0.001). Cutoff of 2 circulating tumor cells per 3.2 ml peripheral blood gave the highest Youden Index of 0.614 in diagnosis of NSCLC with sensitivity of 72.1% (98/136) and specificity of 89.3% (133/149). When patients with CTC≥2/3.2 ml peripheral blood or serum CEA≥5 ng/ml were considered as having NSCLC, sensitivity and specificity of this combined test were 87.5% (119/136) and 85.9% (128/149), with a higher Youden Index of 0.734. No correlation was observed between positive rate of CTC (rate of patients with CTC≥2/3.2 ml peripheral blood) and age, gender, smoking status, pathologic types, and clinical stages. Conclusions: CTC counts detected by CD(45)-FISH is higher in NSCLC patients than in non-malignant disease patients. CTC≥2/3.2 ml peripheral blood is valuable in discriminating NSCLC from nonmalignant diseases, which can be more accurate when combined with CEA.
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Machine learning methodology applied to characterize subgroups of gastric cancer patients using an integrated large biomarker dataset. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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PD-L1 as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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[Cytological pathological diagnosis of T lymphoblastic lymphoma:a clinicopathologic analysis]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 47:863-864. [PMID: 30423613 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Optimization of the medium for the growth ofNitrobacter winogradskyiby statistical method. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:306-313. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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TiO 2 : Si nanotube/1T-MoSe 2 nanosheet hybrids with highly efficient hydrogen evolution catalytic activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 522:136-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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[Association of α-actinin-3 gene polymorphism and muscle strength of postmenopausal women]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2018; 98:1408-1413. [PMID: 29804403 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.18.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) polymorphism and muscle strength in postmenopausal women. Methods: Five hundred and ninety-eight postmenopausal women with an average of (62.9±7.0) years old in Dongcheng District of Beijing were included. The ACTN3 polymorphism including rs540874, rs618838 and rs2229456 were genotyped by Sequenom Mass Array to explore their associations with muscle strength. One hundred and sixty-three of them were trained with regular Tai chi movement while 271 were administered with elemental calcium 600 mg/d combined with Vitamin D 800 U/d or calcitriol 0.25 μg/d for 2 years. Association between changes of muscle strength and ACTN3 polymorphism were analyzed. Results: The rs540874 genotypes were found to be significantly associated with chair stand test[GG (9.02±3.85) s vs GA (9.27±4.14) s vs AA (9.68±5.00) s, P=0.015]. Right grip strength in women with G allele were likely to be higher compared with A allele, but it was not statistically significant (P=0.056). Multiple linear regression showed that the chair stand test of AA genotype was statistically longer than that of GG and GA genotype (β=2.639, 95% CI: 1.632-4.646, P=0.010). The associations between rs618838, rs2229456 genotypes and muscle strength of both lower and upper limbs were not significant (all P>0.05). In addition, muscle strength of lower limbs of patients with rs540874 genotyped with G allele, rs618838 genotyped with C allele and rs2229456 genotyped with A allele increased significantly after enhanced exercise and vitamin D supplementation (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The rs540874 polymorphism of ACTN3 gene was associated with the muscle function of lower limb in postmenopausal women. The improvement of muscle strength after intervention were possibly correlated with rs540874, rs618838 and rs2229456 polymorphisms.
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[Sex-specific associations between tobacco smoking and risk of cardiovascular diseases in Chinese adults]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2018; 39:8-15. [PMID: 29374887 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the sex-specific associations between tobacco smoking and risk of cardiovascular diseases in Chinese adults. Methods: The present analysis included 487 373 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank after excluding those with cancer, heart diseases, stroke at baseline survey. The baseline survey was conducted from June 2004 to July 2008. The number of follow-up years was calculated from the time that the participants completed baseline survey to the time of any event: CVD incidence, death, loss of follow-up, or December 31, 2015, whichever occurred first. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate the HRs and 95%CI of incident cardiovascular diseases with tobacco smoking. Results: During a median follow-up of 8.9 years(a total of 4.1 million person years), we documented 33 947 cases of ischemic heart diseases, 6 048 cases of major coronary diseases, 7 794 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage, and 31 722 cases of cerebral infarction. The prevalence of smoking was much higher in men (67.9%) than in women (2.7%). Smoking increased risk of all subtypes of cardiovascular diseases. Compared with nonsmokers, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for current smokers were 1.54 (1.43-1.66) for major coronary event, 1.28 (1.24-1.32) for ischemic heart disease, 1.18 (1.14-1.22) for cerebral infarction, and 1.07 (1.00-1.15) for intracerebral hemorrhage, respectively. Female smokers tended to have greater risk of developing major coronary event associated with amount of tobacco smoked daily (interaction P=0.006) and age when smoking started (interaction P=0.011). There was no sex difference in these two effects for ischemic heart diseases, intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction (all interaction P>0.05). Conclusions: This prospective study confirmed increased risk of all subtypes of cardiovascular diseases in current smokers. Smoking was more harmful to women than to men for major coronary event.
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Fabrication and self-cleaning properties of reduced graphene oxide/TiO2:Nd nanohybrid thin films. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2017.1414090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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