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Wang J, Shi J, Yin K, Meng F, Wang S, Lou L, Zhou J, Xu X, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Chen S, Meng Q. Pd(II)/Pd(IV) redox shuttle to suppress vacancy defects at grain boundaries for efficient kesterite solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4344. [PMID: 38773145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Charge loss at grain boundaries of kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 polycrystalline absorbers is an important cause limiting the performance of this emerging thin-film solar cell. Herein, we report a Pd element assisted reaction strategy to suppress atomic vacancy defects in GB regions. The Pd, on one hand in the form of PdSex compounds, can heterogeneously cover the GBs of the absorber film, suppressing Sn and Se volatilization loss and the formation of their vacancy defects (i.e. VSn and VSe), and on the other hand, in the form of Pd(II)/Pd(IV) redox shuttle, can assist the capture and exchange of Se atoms, thus contributing to eliminating the already-existing VSe defects within GBs. These collective effects have effectively reduced charge recombination loss and enhanced p-type characteristics of the kesterite absorber. As a result, high-performance kesterite solar cells with a total-area efficiency of 14.5% (certified at 14.3%) have been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kang Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Licheng Lou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiazheng Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China.
| | - Shiyou Chen
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
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Li Y, Meng F, Wu Q, Yuan D, Wang H, Liu B, Wang J, San X, Gu L, Meng Q. A Ni-O-Ag photothermal catalyst enables 103-m 2 artificial photosynthesis with >17% solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadn5098. [PMID: 38758784 PMCID: PMC11100559 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn5098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The scalable artificial photosynthesis composed of photovoltaic electrolysis and photothermal catalysis is limited by inefficient photothermal CO2 hydrogenation under weak sunlight irradiation. Herein, NiO nanosheets supported with Ag single atoms [two-dimensional (2D) Ni1Ag0.02O1] are synthesized for photothermal CO2 hydrogenation to achieve 1065 mmol g-1 hour-1 of CO production rate under 1-sun irradiation. This performance is attributed to the coupling effect of Ag-O-Ni sites to enhance the hydrogenation of CO2 and weaken the CO adsorption, resulting in 1434 mmol g-1 hour-1 of CO yield at 300°C. Furthermore, we integrate the 2D Ni1Ag0.02O1-supported photothermal reverse water-gas shift reaction with commercial photovoltaic electrolytic water splitting to construct a 103-m2 scale artificial photosynthesis system (CO2 + H2O → CO + H2 + O2), which achieves more than 22 m3/day of green syngas with an adjustable H2/CO ratio (0.4-3) and a photochemical energy conversion efficiency of >17%. This research charts a promising course for designing practical, natural sunlight-driven artificial photosynthesis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Li
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qixuan Wu
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dachao Yuan
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Haixiao Wang
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xingyuan San
- Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality, Engineering Research Center of Zero-carbon Energy Buildings and Measurement Techniques, Ministry of Education, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Chen N, Jiang H, Chen HH, Zhu QY, Wu XL, Li JJ, Liang NX, Meng Q, Liu XH, Huang JH, Hou WX, Wang ZQ, Lan GH. [Immune reconstitution and influencing factors in HIV infected men who have sex with men with access to antiviral therapy in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2021]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2024; 45:529-535. [PMID: 38678348 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230719-00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze immune reconstitution and influencing factors in HIV infected men who have sex with men (MSM) with access to antiviral therapy (ART) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) during 2005-2021. Methods: The data were collected from Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The study subjects were HIV infected MSM with access to the initial ART for ≥24 weeks in Guangxi from 2005 to 2021 and HIV RNA lower than the detection limit within 24 months. The proportion of infected MSM who had immune reconstitution after ART was calculated. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of immune reconstitution. Software SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 3 200 HIV infected MSM were enrolled, in whom 15.56 % (498/3 200) had no immune reconstitution, 14.78% (473/3 200) had moderate immune reconstitution, and the rate of complete immune reconstitution was 69.66% (2 229/3 200). The M (Q1, Q3) of ART time for immune reconstitution was 12 (5, 27) months. Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model analysis results showed that compared with those with initial ART at age ≥30 years, WHO clinical stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ illness, baseline BMI <18.50 kg/m2 and baseline CD4+T lymphocyte (CD4) counts <200 cells/µl, HIV infected MSM with initial ART at age <30 years, WHO clinical stageⅠ/Ⅱ illness, baseline BMI≥24.00 kg/m2 and baseline CD4 counts ≥200 cells/µl were more likely to have complete immune reconstitution. Conclusions: In the HIV infected MSM in Guangxi, failures to achieve moderate and complete immune reconstitution were observed. Surveillance and ART regimen should be improved for key populations, such as those with older age and low baseline CD4 counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - H Jiang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - H H Chen
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Q Y Zhu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - X L Wu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - J J Li
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - N X Liang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Q Meng
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - X H Liu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - J H Huang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - W X Hou
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Z Q Wang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530028, China
| | - G H Lan
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
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Meng Q, Xie Y, Sun K, He L, Wu H, Zhang Q, Liang T. ALYREF-JunD-SLC7A5 axis promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression through epitranscriptome-metabolism reprogramming and immune evasion. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:97. [PMID: 38402198 PMCID: PMC10894212 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a kind of tumor lacking nutrients due to its poor vascularity and desmoplasia. Recent studies have shown that cancer cells might achieve growth advantage through epitranscriptome reprogramming. However, the role of m5C in PDAC was not fully understood. We found that Aly/REF export factor (ALYREF), a reader of m5C modification, was overexpressed in PDAC, and associated with bad prognosis. In addition, the ALYREF expression was negatively related to CD8+ T cells infiltration in clinical samples. ALYREF knockdown decreased tumor growth in vivo partly dependent of immunity. ALYREF silencing decreased SLC7A5 expression and subsequently inactivated mTORC1 pathway, resulting in decreased tumor proliferation. Mechanically, ALYREF specifically recognized m5C sites in JunD mRNA, maintained the stabilization of JunD mRNA and subsequently upregulated transcription of SLC7A5. Since SLC7A5 was a key transporter of large neutral amino acids (LNAAs), overexpression of SLC7A5 on tumor cells depleted amino acid in microenvironment and restricted CD8+ T cells function. Moreover, ALYREF-JunD-SLC7A5 axis was overexpressed and negatively related with survival through TMA assays. In conclusion, this research revealed the relationship between m5C modification, amino acid transportation and immune microenvironment. ALYREF might be a novel target for PDAC metabolic vulnerability and immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Meng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongkun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Chen L, Chen L, Chen Z, Wu J, Lou T, Li Y, Zhou Z, Li H, Li G, Meng Q. Ionic Bonding Without Directionality Facilitates Efficient Interfacial Bridging for Perovskite Solar Cells. Small 2024:e2308964. [PMID: 38342703 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Interface passivation through Lewis acid-base coordinate chemistry in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is a universal strategy to reduce interface defects and hinder ion migration. However, the formation of coordinate covalent bonding demands strict directional alignment of coordinating atoms. Undoubtedly, this limits the selected range of the interface passivation molecules, because a successful molecular bridge between charge transport layer and perovskite bottom interface needs a well-placed molecular orientation. In this study, it is discovered that potassium ions can migrate to the hollow sites of multiple iodine ions from perovskite to form K-Ix ionic bonding, and the ionic bonds without directionality can support molecular backbone rotation to facilitate polar sites (carboxyl groups) chelating Pb at the bottom perovskite interface, finally forming a closed-loop bonding structure. The synergy of coordinate and ionic bonding significantly reduces interface defects, changes electric field distribution, and immobilizes iodine at the perovskite bottom interface, resulting in eliminating the hysteresis effect and enhancing the performance of PSCs. As a result, the corresponding devices achieve a high efficiency exceeding 24.5% (0.09 cm2 ), and a mini-module with 21% efficiency (12.4 cm2 ). These findings provide guidelines for designing molecular bridging strategies at the buried interface of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulan Chen
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Letian Chen
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Lou
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Hongshi Li
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Guoran Li
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Yang M, Gan J, Liu S, Yang Y, Han J, Meng Q, Yang F, Ji Y. Associations Between Plasma Orexin-A Level and Constipation in Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:409-419. [PMID: 38143347 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation is a common symptom in dementia, and the cause is controversial. Rare clinical studies focused on plasma orexin-A levels and constipation in dementia. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between orexin-A and constipation in patients with cognitive impairment. METHODS A total of 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 142 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 57 with Lewy body dementia (LBD) were conducted. Besides informant-based history, neurological examinations or neuropsychological assessments, plasma levels of orexin-A, and constipation were assessed. The associations between orexin-A and constipation were evaluated by logistic regression models. RESULTS There were 47/220 (21.36%) cognitive impairment patients having constipation, and the proportion of constipation in LBD (61.40%) was significantly higher than AD (5.63%) and MCI (19.05%). No significant age or sex differences in the prevalence of constipation were found in the MCI, AD, and LBD groups. We found the cognitive impairment patients with constipation had lower levels of plasma orexin-A [1.00 (0.86, 1.28) versus 1.29 (1.01, 1.50) ng/ml, p < 0.001] than those without. And the plasma levels of orexin-A were significantly associated with the occurrence of constipation after adjusting for all variables in all patients with cognitive impairment (OR = 0.151, 95% CI: 0.042-0.537, p = 0.003). And the same finding was more prominent in the LBD group (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS The decrease of plasma level of orexin-A is closely associated with the occurrence of constipation. Orexin-A has an intestinal protective effect and is involved in the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Yang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Nursing, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiuyan Han
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fan Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Zhao H, Bai Y, Yin K, Wang X, Liu Z, Ye X, Lu D, Zhang J, Pi M, Hu Z, Lin HJ, Chen CT, Meng Q, Yu P, Zhang Q, Long Y. CaCu 3Mn 2Te 2O 12: An Intrinsic Ferrimagnetic Insulator Prepared Under High Pressure. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21233-21239. [PMID: 38091505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
CaCu3Mn2Te2O12 was synthesized using high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The compound possesses an A- and B site ordered quadruple perovskite structure in Pn3̅ symmetry with the charge combination of CaCu32+Mn22+Te26+O12. A ferrimagnetic phase transition originating from the antiferromagnetic interaction between A' site Cu2+ and B site Mn2+ ions is found to occur at TC ≈ 100 K. CaCu3Mn2Te2O12 also shows insulating electric conductivity. Optical measurement demonstrates the energy bandgap to be about 1.9 eV, in agreement with the high B site degree of chemical order between Mn2+ and Te6+. The first-principles theoretical calculations confirm the Cu2+(↓)-Mn2+(↑) ferrimagnetic coupling as well as the insulating nature with an up-spin direct bandgap. The current CaCu3Mn2Te2O12 provides an intriguing example of an intrinsic ferrimagnetic insulator with promising applications in advanced spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoting Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujie Bai
- Department of Physics, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Kang Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhehong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xubin Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dabiao Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Maocai Pi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hong-Ji Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Pu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinfang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Youwen Long
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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Xu X, Zhou J, Yin K, Wang J, Lou L, Jiao M, Zhang B, Li D, Shi J, Wu H, Luo Y, Meng Q. Controlling Selenization Equilibrium Enables High-Quality Kesterite Absorbers for Efficient Solar Cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6650. [PMID: 37863920 PMCID: PMC10589234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 is considered one of the most competitive photovoltaic materials due to its earth-abundant and nontoxic constituent elements, environmental friendliness, and high stability. However, the preparation of high-quality Kesterite absorbers for photovoltaics is still challenging for the uncontrollability and complexity of selenization reactions between metal element precursors and selenium. In this study, we propose a solid-liquid/solid-gas (solid precursor and liquid/vapor Se) synergistic reaction strategy to precisely control the selenization process. By pre-depositing excess liquid selenium, we provide the high chemical potential of selenium to facilitate the direct and rapid formation of the Kesterite phase. The further optimization of selenium condensation and subsequent volatilization enables the efficient removal of organic compounds and thus improves charge transport in the absorber film. As a result, we achieve high-performance Kesterite solar cells with total-area efficiency of 13.6% (certified at 13.44%) and 1.09 cm2-area efficiency of 12.0% (certified at 12.1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiazheng Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kang Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Licheng Lou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Menghan Jiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Huijue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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9
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Aguilar M, Ambrosi G, Anderson H, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barbanera M, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Battiston R, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borchiellini M, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen H, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, D'Angelo F, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Huang BW, Ionica M, Incagli M, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khan S, Khiali B, Kirn T, Klipfel AP, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo SD, Luo X, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Jozani YN, Negrete J, Nicolaidis R, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Ottupara MA, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rodríguez-García I, Romaneehsen L, Rossi F, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Savin E, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Silvestre G, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Tian Y, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Wu Y, Xiao JN, Xiong RQ, Xiong XZ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang HT, Yang Y, Yelland A, Yi H, You YH, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Temporal Structures in Positron Spectra and Charge-Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:151002. [PMID: 37897756 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic positron fluxes in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 3.4×10^{6} positrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The positron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the electron fluxes at short and long timescales. A hysteresis between the electron fluxes and the positron fluxes is observed with a significance greater than 5σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. On the contrary, the positron fluxes and the proton fluxes show similar time variation. Remarkably, we found that positron fluxes are modulated more than proton fluxes with a significance greater than 5σ for rigidities below 7 GV. These continuous daily positron fluxes, together with AMS daily electron, proton, and helium fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle, provide unique input to the understanding of both the charge-sign and mass dependencies of cosmic rays in the heliosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - H Anderson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Bagwell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Barbanera
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N Belyaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - J Bolster
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Borchiellini
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Chen
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F D'Angelo
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Faldi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - B W Huang
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - M Ionica
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - S Khan
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A P Klipfel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G LaVecchia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S D Luo
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Molero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Y Najafi Jozani
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - R Nicolaidis
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N Nikonov
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | | | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M A Ottupara
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - I Rodríguez-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Romaneehsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - F Rossi
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - E Savin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Silvestre
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Y Tian
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y Wu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J N Xiao
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - X Z Xiong
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - A Yelland
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y H You
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Ren Z, Fang X, Zhang Q, Mai YG, Tang XY, Wang QQ, Lai CH, Mo WH, Dai YH, Meng Q, Wu J, Ao ZZ, Jiang HQ, Yang Y, Qu LH, Deng CB, Wei W, Li Y, Wang QI, Yang J. Corrigendum: Use of autologous cord blood mononuclear cells infusion for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm neonates: a study protocol for a placebo-controlled randomized multicenter trial [NCT03053076]. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1284824. [PMID: 37900682 PMCID: PMC10600443 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1284824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00136.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxiao Ren
- Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y. G. Mai
- Department of Neonatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X. Y. Tang
- Department of Neonatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q. Q. Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C. H. Lai
- Department of Neonatology, Zhongshan Boai Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - W. H. Mo
- Department of Neonatology, Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Y. H. Dai
- Department of Neonatology, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Q. Meng
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Neonatology, Hexian Memorial Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z. Z. Ao
- Department of Neonatology, Heyuan Women and Children Hospital, Heyuan, China
| | - H. Q. Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Jiangmen Women and Children Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Dongguan Women and Children Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - L. H. Qu
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Huadu Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - C. B. Deng
- Department of Neonatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Guang Dong Cord Blood and Stem Cell Bank, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Guang Dong Cord Blood and Stem Cell Bank, Guangzhou, China
| | - QI Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guang Dong Cord Blood and Stem Cell Bank, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hou WX, Jiang H, Zhu QY, Huang JH, Li JJ, Wu XL, Liu XH, Liang NX, Tang S, Meng Q, Li B, Chen N, Lan GH. [Analysis of late-diagnosis and associated factors in newly reported HIV infections among men who have sex with men in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2005-2021]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:1646-1652. [PMID: 37875455 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230412-00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the trend of late-diagnosis of HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) before and after the AIDS Conquering Project in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) and its influencing factors, in order to find out the population groups that need priority intervention at the present stage. Methods: The HIV-infected MSM in Guangxi from 2005-2021 were selected from the National Integrated HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention Data System. The Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software was used to test the time trend of late-diagnosis and non-late-diagnosis cases, and logistic regression was applied to analyze the factors influencing the proportion of late-diagnosis at each stage. Results: From 2005 to 2021, 5 764 HIV-infected MSM were reported in Guangxi from 2005 to 2021, with an overall late-diagnosis of 28.45% (1 640 cases). Under the 2015 baseline data as the boundary, the proportion of late-diagnosis cases showed a trend of sharp decline followed by stabilization from 2005 to 2015, average annual percent change= -6.90% (P<0.001). The effect of factors such as resident population, occupation as a farmer or worker, and sample originating from medical consultation on late-diagnosis changed considerably before and after the implementation of the project, and the factors influencing late-diagnosis at this stage were age, resident population, occupation as a farmer, worker or student. The factors influencing late-diagnosis at this stage are age, resident population, and occupation as a farmer, worker and a student. Conclusions: The proportion of late diagnosis cases of HIV-infected MSM in Guangxi decreased significantly before and after the project. However, late-diagnosis should not be neglected and precise prevention and control should be carried out for the resident population, farmers, workers or students.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Hou
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530028, China
| | - H Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Q Y Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - J H Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - J J Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - X L Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - X H Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - N X Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - S Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Q Meng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - B Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - N Chen
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - G H Lan
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530028, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Control and Achievement Transformation/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
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Dai L, Huang J, Hu L, Wu J, Wang J, Meng Q, Sun F, Duan Q, Yu J. Efficacy of Nimotuzumab plus Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy for Unresectable Esophageal Cancer: A Real-World Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e354. [PMID: 37785223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The esophageal cancer ranked 7th in the morbidity of malignant cancer and the 6th contributed to carcinoma deaths. Most patients are diagnosed of advanced stage at first visiting. The 5-year survival rate of unresectable esophageal cancer is about 20% after the standard treatment of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. Nimotuzumab, a humanized anti-EGFR antibody, has shown good efficacy and low toxicity in epithelial tumors. This two-center, real-world study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). MATERIALS/METHODS Totally 503 eligible unresectable ESCC patients from Jan 2014 to Dec 2020 were included. 1:2 nearest neighbor propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to match the Nimo group (nimotuzumab plus concurrent chemo-radiotherapy) and CRT group (concurrent chemo-radiotherapy), and the covariates included age, gender, tumor location, lesion length, TNM stage, clinical stage, and radiotherapy dose. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). RESULTS A total of 61 patients were in Nimo group which received nimotuzumab (200 mg/w, 4-6 weeks) combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (chemotherapy: S-1/FP/TP/DP for 2-4 cycles; radiotherapy: 2DRT,3D-CRT or IMRT, 50-70 Gy in 25-35 fractions) and 107 patients in CRT group only received concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. The baseline characteristics were well balanced between the two groups. The efficacy of Nimo group was better than that of CRT group. The ORR was 85.2% vs. 71.0%, (P=0.037), the DCR was 98.4% vs. 91.6%, (P>0.05). The median PFS was 28.07 months vs. 19.54 months, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year PFS rates were 78.2% vs. 72.9%, 37.5% vs. 28.3%, and 29.1% vs. 21.3%, respectively (HR: 0.6860, 95% CI: 0.4902-0.9600, P=0.034). The median OS was 34.93 months vs. 24.30 months and the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 88.5% vs. 81.3%, 46.8% vs. 35.2% and 37.4% vs. 28.0%, respectively (HR: 0.6701, 95% CI: 0.4792-0.9372, P=0.024). The adverse events including radiation esophagitis, radiation pneumonitis, bone marrow suppression, nausea, vomiting, and rash were no significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy improved the ORR, and prolonged PFS and OS in unresectable ESCC patients with a good tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - J Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - L Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - J Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Q Meng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - F Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Q Duan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang Z, Meng R, Guo H, Sun Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Cao Z, Dong J, Xu X, Liang G, Lou L, Li D, Meng Q, Zhang Y. Toward High Efficient Cu 2 ZnSn(S x ,Se 1- x ) 4 Solar Cells: Break the Limitations of V OC and FF. Small 2023; 19:e2300634. [PMID: 36855059 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the fill factor (FF) and the open-circuit voltage (VOC ) simultaneously together with non-decreased short-circuit current density (JSC ) are a challenge for highly efficient Cu2 ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. Aimed at such target in CZTSSe solar cells, a synergistic strategy to tailor the recombination in the bulk and at the heterojunction interface has been developed, consisting of atomic-layer deposited aluminum oxide (ALD-Al2 O3 ) and (NH4 )2 S treatment. With this strategy, deep-level CuZn defects are converted into shallower VCu defects and improved crystallinity, while the surface of the absorber is optimized by removing Zn- and Sn-related impurities and incorporating S. Consequently, the defects responsible for recombination in the bulk and at the heterojunction interface are effectively passivated, thereby prolonging the minority carrier lifetime and increasing the depletion region width, which promote carrier collection and reduce charge loss. As a consequence, the VOC deficit decreases from 0.607 to 0.547 V, and the average FF increases from 64.2% to 69.7%, especially, JSC does not decrease. Thus, the CZTSSe solar cell with the remarkable efficiency of 13.0% is fabricated. This study highlights the increased FF together with VOC simultaneously to promote the efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells, which could also be applied to other photoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoyun Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Rutao Meng
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Guo
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yali Sun
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Huamei Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zixiu Cao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Dong
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Xu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Guangxing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Licheng Lou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Aguilar M, Ali Cavasonza L, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borchiellini M, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen H, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Huang BW, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo SD, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Ottupara MA, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Reina Conde A, Robyn E, Romaneehsen L, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schultz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Tian Y, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Wu Y, Xiao JN, Xiong RQ, Xiong XZ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang HT, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yelland A, Yi H, You YH, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Properties of Cosmic-Ray Sulfur and Determination of the Composition of Primary Cosmic-Ray Carbon, Neon, Magnesium, and Sulfur: Ten-Year Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:211002. [PMID: 37295095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the properties of primary cosmic-ray sulfur (S) in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.38×10^{6} sulfur nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment (AMS). We observed that above 90 GV the rigidity dependence of the S flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of Ne-Mg-Si fluxes, which is different from the rigidity dependence of the He-C-O-Fe fluxes. We found that, similar to N, Na, and Al cosmic rays, over the entire rigidity range, the traditional primary cosmic rays S, Ne, Mg, and C all have sizeable secondary components, and the S, Ne, and Mg fluxes are well described by the weighted sum of the primary silicon flux and the secondary fluorine flux, and the C flux is well described by the weighted sum of the primary oxygen flux and the secondary boron flux. The primary and secondary contributions of the traditional primary cosmic-ray fluxes of C, Ne, Mg, and S (even Z elements) are distinctly different from the primary and secondary contributions of the N, Na, and Al (odd Z elements) fluxes. The abundance ratio at the source for S/Si is 0.167±0.006, for Ne/Si is 0.833±0.025, for Mg/Si is 0.994±0.029, and for C/O is 0.836±0.025. These values are determined independent of cosmic-ray propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Alpat
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Bagwell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N Belyaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - J Bolster
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Borchiellini
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Chen
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Faldi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - B W Huang
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G LaVecchia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S D Luo
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - M Molero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | | | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M A Ottupara
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - L Romaneehsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Y Tian
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y Wu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J N Xiao
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - X Z Xiong
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - A Yelland
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y H You
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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15
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Zhu F, Lian G, Cui D, Wang Q, Yu H, Zhang H, Meng Q, Wong CP. A General Strategy for Ordered Carrier Transport of Quasi-2D and 3D Perovskite Films for Giant Self-Powered Photoresponse and Ultrahigh Stability. Nanomicro Lett 2023; 15:115. [PMID: 37121918 PMCID: PMC10149430 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have been focusing more attention in the field of self-powered photodetectors due to their superb photoelectric properties. However, a universal growth approach is required and challenging to realize vertically oriented growth and grain boundary fusion of 2D and 3D perovskite grains to promote ordered carrier transport, which determines superior photoresponse and high stability. Herein, a general thermal-pressed (TP) strategy is designed to solve the above issues, achieving uniaxial orientation and single-grain penetration along the film thickness direction. It constructs the efficient channel for ordered carrier transport between two electrodes. Combining of the improved crystal quality and lower trap-state density, the quasi-2D and 3D perovskite-based self-powered photodetector devices (with/without hole transport layer) all exhibit giant and stable photoresponse in a wide spectrum range and specific wavelength laser. For the MAPbI3-based self-powered photodetectors, the largest Rλ value is as high as 0.57 A W-1 at 760 nm, which is larger than most reported results. Meanwhile, under laser illumination (532 nm), the FPEA2MA4Pb5I16-based device exhibits a high responsivity (0.4 A W-1) value, which is one of the best results in 2DRP self-powered photodetectors. In addition, fast response, ultralow detection limit, and markedly improved humidity, optical and heat stabilities are clearly demonstrated for these TP-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deliang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huaijin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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16
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yelland A, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Temporal Structures in Electron Spectra and Charge Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:161001. [PMID: 37154630 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.161001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic electron fluxes in the rigidity interval from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 2.0×10^{8} electrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The electron fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. Recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27 days, 13.5 days, and 9 days are observed. We find that the electron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the proton fluxes. Remarkably, a hysteresis between the electron flux and the proton flux is observed with a significance of greater than 6σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. Furthermore, significant structures in the electron-proton hysteresis are observed corresponding to sharp structures in both fluxes. This continuous daily electron data provide unique input to the understanding of the charge sign dependence of cosmic rays over an 11-year solar cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Bagwell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Belyaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - J Bolster
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Burmeister
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Faldi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Freeman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G LaVecchia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - M Molero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - A Yelland
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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17
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Tan S, Tan C, Cui Y, Yu B, Li Y, Wu H, Shi J, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Constructing an Interfacial Gradient Heterostructure Enables Efficient CsPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells and Printed Minimodules. Adv Mater 2023:e2301879. [PMID: 37022759 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Severe nonradiative recombination originating from interfacial defects together with the pervasive energy level mismatch at the interface remarkably limits the performance of CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). These issues need to be addressed urgently for high-performance cells and their applications. Herein, an interfacial gradient heterostructure based on low-temperature post-treatment of quaternary bromide salts for efficient CsPbI3 PSCs with an impressive efficiency of 21.31% and an extraordinary fill factor of 0.854 is demonstrated. Further investigation reveals that Br- ions diffuse into the perovskite films to heal undercoordinated Pb2+ and inhibit Pb cluster formation, thus suppressing nonradiative recombination in CsPbI3 . Meanwhile, a more compatible interfacial energy level alignment resulting from Br- gradient distribution and organic cations surface termination is also achieved, hence promoting charge separation and collection. Consequently, the printed small-size cell with an efficiency of 20.28% and 12 cm2 printed CsPbI3 minimodules with a record efficiency of 16.60% are also demonstrated. Moreover, the unencapsulated CsPbI3 films and devices exhibit superior stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chengyu Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Huairou Division, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Huairou Division, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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18
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Tang Z, Shang T, Xu H, Lin T, Gao A, Lin W, Li X, Wang S, Yu B, Meng F, Zhang Q, Wang X, Su D, Meng Q, Wu L, Gu L, Nan CW. An Anomalous Electron Configuration Among 3d Transition Metal Atoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216898. [PMID: 36539374 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Physical properties of materials are mainly determined by valence electron configurations, where different valence shells would induce divergent phenomena. In compounds containing Sc2+ , 3d electron occupancy is expected, the same as other transition metal atoms like Ti3+ . But this situation still awaits experimental verification in inorganic materials. Here, we selected ScS to measure the valence electron density and orbital population of Sc2+ through delicate quantitative convergent-beam electron diffraction. With the absence of 3d orbital features around Sc-atom sites and the nearly bare population of t2g orbital, the unintuitive occupation of 4s orbital in Sc2+ is concluded. It should be the first time to report such a special electron configuration in a transition metal compound, in which 4s rather than 3d orbital is preferred. Our findings reveal the distinct behavior of Sc and probable ways to modulate material properties by controlling electron orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexin Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Han Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ting Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ang Gao
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Weiguang Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Botao Yu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Dong Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ce-Wen Nan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
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19
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Wu C, Zhuo Y, Xu X, Xie Z, Tang S, Jiang Y, Shen Y, Meng Q. 3D transient CFD study of iron-coke briquettes pyrolysis and quench processes in an optimised gas heat carrier pyrolyser. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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20
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Guo X, Meng Q, Zuo M, Su Z, Gan J, Li XD, Zhu H, Gang B, Niu J, Liu S, Ji Y. Costs of dementia with lewy bodies: A Chinese multicenter cross-sectional study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5848. [PMID: 36462178 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) significantly increases the economic burden on caregivers and society, but few studies have focused on the costs. This study aims to evaluate the current economic costs of DLB and its related factors. METHODS A total of 193 patients diagnosed with probable DLB were consecutively enrolled from 6 memory clinics between August 2017 to July 2021. Data were collected from August to December of 2021, patients' per capita annual economic costs related to DLB in the year preceding the interview were evaluated, and factors related to the costs were assessed using regression analysis. RESULTS Patients with DLB led to per capita annual total costs of US $21,378.3 in 2021, with direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs and indirect costs of US $3471.4, US $3946.4 and US $13,960.5, respectively, accounting for 16.2%, 18.5% and 65.3%, of total costs. Factors related to the costs of DLB showed that impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) and caregivers' subjective burden had a greater impact on the total, direct medical and indirect costs. CONCLUSION The economic burden of DLB in China is huge, and indirect costs account for the largest proportion, serious impairment of the ADL and the subjective burden of caregivers, which possibly has a greater effect on costs. The substantial contributions made by family members and other unpaid caregivers of DLB should be fully recognized in strategic policy discussions and in case-level planning and assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Guo
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, People Hospital of Qingxian, Cangzhou, China
| | - Meimei Zuo
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Su
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, XinXiang, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Dong Li
- Department of Cognitive Disorder, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongcan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baozhi Gang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinping Niu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
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21
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Cao Z, Wang W, Dong J, Lou L, Liu H, Wang Z, Luo J, Liu Y, Dai Y, Li D, Meng Q, Zhang Y. Oxygen Content Modulation Toward Highly Efficient Sb 2Se 3 Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:55691-55699. [PMID: 36475574 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vapor-transport deposition (VTD) method is the main technique for the preparation of Sb2Se3 films. However, oxygen is often present in the vacuum tube in such a vacuum deposition process, and Sb2O3 is formed on the surface of Sb2Se3 because the bonding of Sb-O is formed more easily than that of Sb-Se. In this work, the formation of Sb2O3 and thus the carrier transport in the corresponding solar cells were studied by tailoring the deposition microenvironment in the vacuum tube during Sb2Se3 film deposition. Combined by different characterization techniques, we found that tailoring the deposition microenvironment can not only effectively inhibit the formation of Sb2O3 at the CdS/Sb2Se3 interface but also enhance the crystalline quality of the Sb2Se3 thin film. In particular, such modification induces the formation of (hkl, l = 1)-oriented Sb2Se3 thin films, reducing the interface recombination of the subsequently fabricated devices. Finally, the Sb2Se3 solar cell with the configuration of ITO/CdS/Sb2Se3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au achieves a champion efficiency of 7.27%, a high record for Sb2Se3 solar cells prepared by the VTD method. This work offers guidance for the preparation of high-efficiency Sb2Se3 thin-film solar cells under rough-vacuum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiu Cao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Weihuang Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Jiabin Dong
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Licheng Lou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing100190, P. R. China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Zuoyun Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Yongping Dai
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing100190, P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing100190, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
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Tang Z, Shang T, Xu H, Lin T, Gao A, Lin W, Li X, Wang S, Yu B, Meng F, Zhang Q, Wang X, Su D, Meng Q, Wu L, Gu L, Nan CW. An Anomalous Electron Configuration Among 3d Transition Metal Atoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202216898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhexin Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy No.8, S.3rd St., Zhongguancun 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Tongtong Shang
- Tsinghua University State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Han Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Ting Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Ang Gao
- Tsinghua University Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Weiguang Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Xinyan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Botao Yu
- Tsinghua University Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Tsinghua University State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Dong Su
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Electron Micrscopy CHINA
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics: Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Key Laboratory For Renewable Energy CHINA
| | - Lijun Wu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division CHINA
| | - Lin Gu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics No.8, 3rd South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing. CHINA
| | - Ce-Wen Nan
- Tsinghua University State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
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23
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Liu C, Meng Q, Zu C, Li R, Yang S, He P, Li H, Zhang YY, Zhou C, Liu M, Ye Z, Wu Q, Zhang YJ, Gan X, Qin X. U-shaped association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes: a nationwide cohort study. QJM 2022; 115:822-829. [PMID: 35894803 PMCID: PMC9744247 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between dietary thiamine intake and the risk of diabetes remains unknown. AIM We aimed to evaluate the relation of dietary thiamine intake with new-onset diabetes and examine possible effect modifiers. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 16 272 participants who were free of diabetes at baseline were enrolled from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary nutrients intake information was collected by 3-day dietary recalls in addition to using a 3-day food-weighed method to assess cooking oil and condiment consumption. New-onset diabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l or a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or diagnosed by a physician during the follow-up. RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 9.0 years, new-onset diabetes occurred in 1101 participants. Overall, the association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes followed a U-shape (P for non-linearity <0.001). Consistently, when thiamine intake was assessed as quartiles, compared with those in the 2-3 quartiles (0.75 to 1.10 mg/day), the significantly higher risks of new-onset diabetes were found in participants in the first quartile [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.61] and the fourth quartile (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.67). Similar results were found when further adjusting for the intake of other major nutrients or food groups; or using the propensity score weighting to control the imbalance of covariates. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that there was a U-shape association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes in general Chinese adults, with a minimal risk at 0.75-1.10 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liu
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Q Meng
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
| | - C Zu
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
| | - R Li
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China
| | - S Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - P He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - H Li
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - C Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - M Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - Z Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - Q Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - Y J Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - X Gan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, No.1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, 510515, China
| | - X Qin
- Address correspondence to X. Qin, Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Huang K, Feng X, Li H, Long C, Liu B, Shi J, Meng Q, Weber K, Duong T, Yang J. Manipulating the Migration of Iodine Ions via Reverse-Biasing for Boosting Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2204163. [PMID: 36285679 PMCID: PMC9762299 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are being developed rapidly and exhibit greatly potential commercialization. Herein, it is found that the device performance can be improved by manipulating the migration of iodine ions via reverse-biasing, for example, at -0.4 V for 3 min in dark. Characterizations suggest that reverse bias can increase the charge recombination resistance, improve carrier transport, and enhance built-in electric field. Iodine ions including iodine interstitials in perovskites are confirmed to migrate and accumulate at the SnO2 /perovskite interface under reverse-basing, which fill iodine vacancies at the interface and interact with SnO2 . First-principles calculations suggest that the SnO2 /perovskite interface with less iodine vacancies has a stronger interaction and higher charge transfer, leading to larger built-in electric field and improved charge transport. Iodine ions that may pass through the SnO2 /perovskite interface are also confirmed to be able to interact with Sn4+ and passivate oxygen vacancies on the surface of SnO2 . Consequently, an efficiency of 23.48% with the open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of 1.16 V is achieved for PSCs with reverse-biasing, as compared with the initial efficiency of 22.13% with a Voc of 1.10 V. These results are of great significance to reveal the physics mechanism of PSCs under electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqing Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super‐Microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- College of Engineering and Computer ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberra Australian Capital TerritoryCanberra2600Australia
| | - Xiangxiang Feng
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super‐Microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Hengyue Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super‐Microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Caoyu Long
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super‐Microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Biao Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super‐Microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable EnergyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and DevicesInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable EnergyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and DevicesInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Klaus Weber
- College of Engineering and Computer ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberra Australian Capital TerritoryCanberra2600Australia
| | - The Duong
- College of Engineering and Computer ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberra Australian Capital TerritoryCanberra2600Australia
| | - Junliang Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super‐Microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
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Cui Y, Shi J, Meng F, Yu B, Tan S, He S, Tan C, Li Y, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. A Versatile Molten-Salt Induction Strategy to Achieve Efficient CsPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells with a High Open-Circuit Voltage >1.2 V. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2205028. [PMID: 36096152 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite has emerged as an important photovoltaic material due to its high thermal stability and suitable bandgap for tandem devices. Currently, the cell performance of CsPbI3 solar cells is mainly subject to a large open-circuit voltage (VOC ) deficit. Herein, a multifunctional room-temperature molten salt, dimethylamine acetate (DMAAc) is demonstrated, which not only directly acts as a solvent for precursor solutions, but also regulates the phase conversion process of the CsPbI3 film for high-efficiency photovoltaics. DMAAc can stabilize the DMAPbI3 structure and eliminate the Cs4 PbI6 intermediate phase, which is easily spatially segregated. Meanwhile, a new homogeneous intermediate phase DMAPb(I,Ac)3 is formed, which finally affords high-quality CsPbI3 films. With this approach, the charge capture activity of defects in the CsPbI3 film is significantly suppressed. Consequently, a VOC of 1.25 V and >21% power conversion efficiency are achieved, which is the record highest reported thus far. This intermediate phase-regulation strategy is believed to be applicable to other perovskite material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- Huairou Division, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Shan Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chengyu Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- Huairou Division, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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26
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Lu H, Chen K, Bobba RS, Shi J, Li M, Wang Y, Xue J, Xue P, Zheng X, Thorn KE, Wagner I, Lin CY, Song Y, Ma W, Tang Z, Meng Q, Qiao Q, Hodgkiss JM, Zhan X. Simultaneously Enhancing Exciton/Charge Transport in Organic Solar Cells by an Organoboron Additive. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2205926. [PMID: 36027579 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Efficient exciton diffusion and charge transport play a vital role in advancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, a facile strategy is presented to simultaneously enhance exciton/charge transport of the widely studied PM6:Y6-based OSCs by employing highly emissive trans-bis(dimesitylboron)stilbene (BBS) as a solid additive. BBS transforms the emissive sites from a more H-type aggregate into a more J-type aggregate, which benefits the resonance energy transfer for PM6 exciton diffusion and energy transfer from PM6 to Y6. Transient gated photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements indicate that addition of BBS improves the exciton diffusion coefficient of PM6 and the dissociation of PM6 excitons in the PM6:Y6:BBS film. Transient absorption spectroscopy measurements confirm faster charge generation in PM6:Y6:BBS. Moreover, BBS helps improve Y6 crystallization, and current-sensing atomic force microscopy characterization reveals an improved charge-carrier diffusion length in PM6:Y6:BBS. Owing to the enhanced exciton diffusion, exciton dissociation, charge generation, and charge transport, as well as reduced charge recombination and energy loss, a higher PCE of 17.6% with simultaneously improved open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor is achieved for the PM6:Y6:BBS devices compared to the devices without BBS (16.2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kai Chen
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Raja Sekhar Bobba
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jingwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Peiyao Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaojian Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Karen E Thorn
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Isabella Wagner
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Chao-Yang Lin
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Yin Song
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Quinn Qiao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Justin M Hodgkiss
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6010, New Zealand
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Ding Q, Shao Y, Wu X, Hu Q, Meng Q, Yin J, Ou Q, Wu X. 89P Novel resistance mechanisms to second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor afatinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Cheng L, Wei W, Zhang C, Xu X, Sha K, Meng Q, Jiang Y, Cheng S. Quantitation study on VOC emissions and their reduction potential for coking industry in China: Based on in-situ measurements on treated and untreated plants. Sci Total Environ 2022; 836:155466. [PMID: 35472356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOC) released from coking industry are still vague, and the widely used VOC emission factors (EFs) were still from the measurements of 1990s. Hence, focusing on coking industry, we conducted an in-situ measurement campaign in several typical plants, developed a set of VOC EFs for various release units, and estimated the current emission amounts and future reduction potentials of VOC in China. The measurements show that the levels of VOC in stationary units were 63.82-9563.93 μg·m-3, and those surrounding fugitive units were 111.37-1436.36 μg·m-3. VOC emissions from stationary units were directly calculated, which deducing EFs of 11.57, 15.51, 127.13, 0.28, 0.16 g·t-1 coke respectively for coke charging, coke pushing, coke oven chimney, dry quenching, and wastewater treatment processes. Meanwhile, VOC emissions from fugitive units were simulated following the inverse dispersion method, which achieving EFs of 443.34 ± 66.31, 352.12 ± 65.81, and 718.56 ± 132.69 g·t-1 coke respectively for the coke oven leakage, byproduct recovery with VOC treatment system, and byproduct recovery without VOC treatment system. Generally, the coking plants installing VOC treatment system had total VOC EF of 953.76 g·t-1 coke, about 37.1% lower than those never considering VOC treatment (1516.25 g·t-1 coke). According to these developed EFs, the VOC emission amount from coking industry in China were estimated, slightly decreasing from 623.54 to 578.17 Gg per year, although the coke production increasing from 410.86 to 418.26 Tg during 2015-2019. In future, according to the national industrial policies, regulations and standards, technical guidelines, the VOC reduction potential of this industry in China could reach 336.9 Gg, to which headstream adjustment, process improvement, and end-of-pipe control contributed about 21.4%, 31.6%, and 47.0%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- College of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Chengzhou Zhang
- Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiuli Xu
- Sinosteel Anshan Research Institute of Thermo-energy Co., Ltd, Anshan 114044, China
| | - Kechang Sha
- Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Sinosteel Anshan Research Institute of Thermo-energy Co., Ltd, Anshan 114044, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Sinosteel Anshan Research Institute of Thermo-energy Co., Ltd, Anshan 114044, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- College of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Yang Y, Liu S, Gan J, Zhu H, Du X, Chen Z, Ma L, Meng Q, Yang F, Chen H, Ji Y. Association between hemoglobin level and cognitive profile in old adults: A cross-sectional survey. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37. [PMID: 36040716 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, the association between Hemoglobin (HGB) level and cognitive profile was investigated and whether it affected the dementia risk in older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional population-based survey that included 3519 individuals ≥65 years of age was conducted in 2019. Basic demographic characteristics were collected. The neuropsychological assessments and blood tests were administered to evaluate cognition and HGB level. Generalized additive models were used to analyze the non-linear association between HGB levels and cognitive function. Logistics regression models were utilized to analyze the associations between HGB level and dementia risk. RESULTS Overall, 459 (12.7%) participants were diagnosed with dementia and there were more females (54.7%) than males (45.3%). The number of subjects with anemia (3%) or hyperhemoglobinemia (5.2%) was higher than participants with normal HGB level. A visual representation of the relationship between HGB level and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score showed an inverted U-curve, which is more evident in female. Logistics regression models showed that anemia (odds ratio, OR = 1.826, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.166-2.860, p < 0.01), but not hyperhemoglobinemia, significantly increased the risk of dementia. These trends were not the same for males and females. An abnormal HGB level had greater effects in females, resulting in higher risk of dementia for females with anemia or hyperhemoglobinemia than subjects with normal HGB level including males. CONCLUSION Both low and high HGB levels can lead to cognitive decline in the incidence of dementia, indicating an inverted U-shaped curve association may exist between HGB level and global cognitive profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoshan Du
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Ma
- Department of Neurology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Wang J, Zhou J, Xu X, Meng F, Xiang C, Lou L, Yin K, Duan B, Wu H, Shi J, Luo Y, Li D, Xin H, Meng Q. Ge Bidirectional Diffusion to Simultaneously Engineer Back Interface and Bulk Defects in the Absorber for Efficient CZTSSe Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2202858. [PMID: 35523720 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at a large open-circuit voltage (VOC ) deficit in Cu2 ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells, a new and effective strategy to simultaneously regulate the back interface and restrain bulk defects of CZTSSe absorbers is developed by directly introducing a thin GeO2 layer on Mo substrates. Power conversion efficiency (power-to-efficiency) as high as 13.14% with a VOC of 547 mV is achieved for the champion device, which presents a certified efficiency of 12.8% (aperture area: 0.25667 cm2 ). Further investigation reveals that Ge bidirectional diffusion simultaneously occurs toward the CZTSSe absorber and MoSe2 layer at the back interface while being selenized. That is, some Ge element from the GeO2 diffuses into the CZTSSe absorber layer to afford Ge-doped absorbers, which can significantly reduce the defect density and band tailing, and facilitate quasi-Fermi level split by relatively higher hole concentration. Meanwhile, a small amount of Ge element also participates in the formation of MoSe2 at the back interface, thus enhancing the work function of MoSe2 and effectively separating photoinduced carriers. This work highlights the synergistic effect of Ge element toward the bulk absorber and the back interface and also provides an easy-handling way to achieve high-performance CZTSSe solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiazheng Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chunxu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Licheng Lou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kang Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Biwen Duan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Gan J, Liu S, Chen Z, Yang Y, Ma L, Meng Q, Wang XD, Liu C, Li X, Zhang W, Ji Y. Elevated Plasma Orexin-A Levels in Prodromal Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1037-1048. [PMID: 35723094 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on plasma orexin-A levels in prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and the relationship with clinical manifestations are rare. OBJECTIVE To assess plasma orexin-A levels and evaluate the correlation with clinical features in patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) and DLB. METHODS Plasma orexin-A levels were measured in 41 patients with MCI-LB, 53 with DLB, and 48 healthy controls (HCs). Informant-based history, neurological examinations, neuropsychological assessments, laboratory tests, and neuroimaging were collected and the correlation between orexin-A and various indicators evaluated. RESULTS Plasma orexin-A levels in patients with MCI-LB (1.18±0.33 ng/mL, p = 0.014) or DLB (1.20±0.44 ng/mL, p = 0.011) were significantly higher than in HCs (1.02±0.32 ng/mL) and associated with gender and age. DLB patients with fluctuating cognition (FC) (1.01±0.23 versus 1.31±0.50, p = 0.007) or parkinsonism (PARK) (0.98±0.19 versus 1.25±0.47, p = 0.030) had significantly lower plasma orexin-A levels than subjects without FC or PARK. Plasma orexin-A levels were significantly negatively correlated with irritability and UPDRS-III scores and significantly positively correlated with disinhibition scores. CONCLUSION This is the first report in which elevated plasma orexin-A levels were observed in patients with MCI-LB or DLB. In addition, lower orexin-A levels were found in patients with DLB and FC or PARK compared with HCs. The plasma orexin-A levels were associated with the presence of core features and motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with MCI-LB and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.,NationalClinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin DementiaInstitute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular andNeurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.,NationalClinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingyun Ma
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.,NationalClinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiao-Dan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin DementiaInstitute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular andNeurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Aviation GeneralHospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.,NationalClinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.,NationalClinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.,NationalClinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin DementiaInstitute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular andNeurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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32
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Konyushikhin M, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Properties of Daily Helium Fluxes. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:231102. [PMID: 35749176 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.231102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurement of 2824 daily helium fluxes in cosmic rays from May 20, 2011 to October 29, 2019 in the rigidity interval from 1.71 to 100 GV based on 7.6×10^{8} helium nuclei collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The helium flux and the helium to proton flux ratio exhibit variations on multiple timescales. In nearly all the time intervals from 2014 to 2018, we observed recurrent helium flux variations with a period of 27 days. Shorter periods of 9 days and 13.5 days are observed in 2016. The strength of all three periodicities changes with time and rigidity. In the entire time period, we found that below ∼7 GV the helium flux exhibits larger time variations than the proton flux, and above ∼7 GV the helium to proton flux ratio is time independent. Remarkably, below 2.4 GV a hysteresis between the helium to proton flux ratio and the helium flux was observed at greater than the 7σ level. This shows that at low rigidity the modulation of the helium to proton flux ratio is different before and after the solar maximum in 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Burmeister
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Freeman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 01000, Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Konyushikhin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 01000, Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - M Molero
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Reina Conde
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
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Tan S, Yu B, Cui Y, Meng F, Huang C, Li Y, Chen Z, Wu H, Shi J, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Temperature-Reliable Low-Dimensional Perovskites Passivated Black-Phase CsPbI 3 toward Stable and Efficient Photovoltaics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201300. [PMID: 35243747 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Low-dimensional (LD) perovskites can effectively passivate and stabilize 3D perovskites for high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Regards CsPbI3 -based PSCs, the influence of high-temperature annealing on the LD perovskite passivation effect has to be taken into account due to fact the black-phase CsPbI3 crystallization requires high-temperature treatment, however, which has been rarely concerned so far. Here, the thermal stability of LD perovskites based on three hydrophobic organic ammonium salts and their passivation effect toward CsPbI3 and the whole device performance, have been investigated. It is found that, phenyltrimethylammonium iodide (PTAI) and its corresponding LD perovskites exhibit excellent thermal stability. Further investigation reveals that PTAI-based LD perovskites are mainly distributed at grain boundaries, which not only enhances the phase stability of CsPbI3 but also effectively suppresses non-radiative recombination. As a consequence, the champion PSC device based on CsPbI3 exhibits a record efficiency of 21.0 % with high stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center for Clean Energy (CCE), Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chunjie Huang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center for Clean Energy (CCE), Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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Li H, Liu Z, Chen Z, Tan S, Zhao W, Li Y, Shi J, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Reconfiguring perovskite interface via R4NBr addition reaction toward efficient and stable FAPbI3-based solar cells. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Tan S, Yu B, Cui Y, Meng F, Huang C, Li Y, Chen Z, Wu H, Shi J, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Temperature‐Reliable Low‐Dimensional Perovskites Passivated Black‐phase CsPbI3 toward Stable and Efficient Photovoltaics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Tsinghua University School of Materials Science and Engineering 100084 Beijing CHINA
| | - Chunjie Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Yiming Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Zijing Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Huijue Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Zhongguancun South Third Street 8Haidian District 100190 Beijing CHINA
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36
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Chen ZC, Gan J, Yang Y, Meng Q, Han J, Ji Y. The vascular risk factors and vascular neuropathology in subjects with autopsy-confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37:10.1002/gps.5683. [PMID: 35128731 PMCID: PMC9124602 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of vascular risk factors (VRFs) and the relationship between vascular pathology and cognitive function in neurodegenerative disease remains incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency of VRFs and vascular pathology and explore the relationship between vascular pathology and cognitive function in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHODS This study included 363 autopsy-confirmed DLB and 753 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database. We used chi-squared test and analysis of variance to compare the VRFs and related factors in DLB and AD. Multinomial logistic regression and Spearman's correlation test were used to examine the relationship between vascular pathology and cognitive function. RESULTS No significant differences of VRFs were identified between DLB and AD. Alzheimer's disease patients had higher rates of microinfarcts (23.5% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.005) and moderate to severe amyloid angiopathy (45.9% vs. 36.1%, p = 0.002). In DLB patients, only cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) pathology was negatively correlated with memory domain (r = -0.263, p < 0.001) and language (r = -0.112,p = 0.034). The rates of APOE ε4 allele carriers (60.0% vs. 44.9%, p = 0.004) and CAA pathology (45.9% vs.23.4%, p < 0.001) were much higher in the group with an intermediate likelihood of DLB than in the group with a high likelihood. There was a negative correlation between CAA pathology and memory (logical memory) in the group with an intermediate likelihood of DLB. CONCLUSION No difference of VRFs was identified between autopsy-confirmed DLB and AD. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy was shown to be an important pathology in DLB, which specifically correlated with memory and language. The groups with high and intermediate likelihood of DLB differed in terms of CAA pathology, and CAA pathology may play an important role in the development of DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Chen
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Jiuyan Han
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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37
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Zhang H, Li Y, Tan S, Chen Z, Song K, Huang S, Shi J, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. High-efficiency (>20%) planar carbon-based perovskite solar cells through device configuration engineering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:3151-3158. [PMID: 34839923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) have attracted widespread research interest because of their excellent stability. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of C-PSCs, especially planar C-PSCs, lags far behind the certified efficiency (25.5%) of metal-based PSCs. The simple architecture of planar C-PSCs imparts stringent requirements for device configuration. In this study, we fabricated high-performance planar C-PSCs through device configuration engineering in terms of the perovskite active layer and carbon electrode. Through the combination of component and additive engineering, the crystallization and absorption profiles of perovskite active layer have been improved, which afforded sufficient photogenerated carriers and decreased nonradiative recombination. Furthermore, the mechanical and physical properties of carbon electrode were evaluated comprehensively to regulate the back-interface contact. Based on the compromise of the flexibility and conductivity of carbon film, an excellent back-interface contact has been formed, which promoted fast interface charge transfer, thereby decreasing interface recombination and improving carrier collection efficiency. Finally, the as-prepared devices achieved a remarkable PCE of up to 20.04%, which is a record-high value for planar C-PSCs. Furthermore, the as-prepared devices exhibited excellent long-term stability. After storage for 1000 h at room temperature and 25% relative humidity without encapsulation, the as-prepared device retained 94% of its initial performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyin Zhang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, PR China.
| | - Yiming Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Keke Song
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, PR China
| | - Shixian Huang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, PR China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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38
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Zhu F, Lian G, Yu B, Zhang T, Zhang L, Yu H, Cui D, Wang Q, Zhang H, Meng Q, Wong CP. Pressure-Enhanced Vertical Orientation and Compositional Control of Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells and Self-Powered Photodetectors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:1526-1536. [PMID: 34968040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (2DRP) perovskite has higher stability than three-dimensional counterparts. However, fundamental issues still exist in the vertical orientation and phase composition as well as phase distribution. Here, obvious control of the film quality of 2DRP PEA2MA4Pb5I16 (n = 5) perovskite is demonstrated via a thermal-pressed (TP) effect. The crystallinity, morphology, phase composition, and optoelectronic features unequivocally illustrate that the TP effect achieves a larger gain size, a smoother surface, an effectively vertical orientation, a relatively pure phase with a large n value, a gradient distribution of quantum wells, and enhanced interlayer interaction. These film and interface features lead to markedly enhanced charge transport/extraction and lower trap density. Accordingly, the TP-based perovskite film device delivers a power conversion efficiency of 15.14%, far higher than that of the control film device (11.10%) because of significant improvements in open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. More importantly, it also presents excellent hydrophobicity, illumination stability, and environmental stability. In addition, the 2D perovskite self-powered photodetector also exhibits high responsivity (0.25 A W-1) and specific detectivity (1.4 × 1012 Jones) at zero bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Gang Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Haohai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Huaijin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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39
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Bao X, Xu J, Meng Q, Gan J, Wang XD, Wu H, Liu S, Ji Y. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Anxiety, Depression and Nursing Burden of Caregivers in Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia With Lewy Bodies and Mild Cognitive Impairment in China: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:921535. [PMID: 35873235 PMCID: PMC9301460 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.921535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many countries have adopted lockdown strategies to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of the pandemic on anxiety, depression and care burden in caregivers of nursing patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), over a one-year period. METHODS We collected data on consecutive patients and their caregivers recruited at T0 (from 30 September to 31 December 2019) before the pandemic of COVID-19 at the memory clinic of Tianjin Huanhu Hospital. The patients and caregivers were followed up on face-to-face at T1 (from 30 September to 31 December 2020) during the pandemic to assess changes in physical activity, social contact, sleep quality, caregiver burden, anxiety and depression. RESULTS A total of 105 AD, 22 DLB and 50 MCI patients and caregivers were enrolled. A total of 36.6 % of the AD, 81.6% of the DLB, 38% of the MCI caregivers had worsening ZBI, whereas 31.7 % of the AD, 54.4% of the DLB, 26 % of the MCI caregivers had worsening GAD-7, and 29.6 % of the AD, 54.4% of the DLB, and 32 % of the MCI caregivers had worsening PHQ-9. DLB caregivers exhibited a rapid deterioration of ZBI (by 4.27 ± 5.43, P < 0.001), GAD-7 (by 2.23 ± 3.26, P = 0.003) and PHQ-9 (by 1.32 ± 2.25, P = 0.003) compared to AD and MCI caregivers. CONCLUSION Social isolation, physical inactivity and sleep disturbance after lockdown for at least 12 months were significantly related to increased caregiver burden and worsened psychological states of caregivers of AD, DLB and MCI sufferers, especially among DLB caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Bao
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Junying Xu
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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40
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Beranek B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Konyushikhin M, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li S, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Liu Z, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Phan HD, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shakfa Z, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Solano C, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Periodicities in the Daily Proton Fluxes from 2011 to 2019 Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station from 1 to 100 GV. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:271102. [PMID: 35061443 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.271102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurement of the daily proton fluxes in cosmic rays from May 20, 2011 to October 29, 2019 (a total of 2824 days or 114 Bartels rotations) in the rigidity interval from 1 to 100 GV based on 5.5×10^{9} protons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer aboard the International Space Station. The proton fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. From 2014 to 2018, we observed recurrent flux variations with a period of 27 days. Shorter periods of 9 days and 13.5 days are observed in 2016. The strength of all three periodicities changes with time and rigidity. The rigidity dependence of the 27-day periodicity is different from the rigidity dependences of 9-day and 13.5-day periods. Unexpectedly, the strength of 9-day and 13.5-day periodicities increases with increasing rigidities up to ∼10 GV and ∼20 GV, respectively. Then the strength of the periodicities decreases with increasing rigidity up to 100 GV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beranek
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Burmeister
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Freeman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Konyushikhin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Z Liu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - M Molero
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - H D Phan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Reina Conde
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Z Shakfa
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Solano
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
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Li X, Li W, Dai X, Li W, Zhang J, Wang Z, Tong Y, Chen Y, Zhang L, Song C, Meng Q, Wei M, Liu Z, Lu Q. Thoracic Endovascular Repair for Aortic Arch Pathologies with Surgeon Modified Fenestrated Stent Grafts: A Multicentre Retrospective Study. J Vasc Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Duan B, Lou L, Meng F, Zhou J, Wang J, Shi J, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Two-Step Annealing CZTSSe/CdS Heterojunction to Improve Interface Properties of Kesterite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:55243-55253. [PMID: 34751555 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The post-heating treatment of the CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction can enhance the interfacial properties of kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. In this regard, a two-step annealing method was developed to enhance the heterojunction quality for the first time. That is, a low-temperature (90 °C) process was introduced before the high-temperature treatment, and 12.3% efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells was achieved. Further investigation revealed that the CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction band alignment with a smaller spike barrier can be realized by the two-step annealing treatment, which assisted in carrier transportation and reduced the charge recombination loss, thus enhancing the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF) of the devices. In addition, the two-step annealing could effectively avoid the disadvantages of direct high-temperature treatment (such as more pinholes on CdS films and excess element diffusion), improve the CdS crystallization, and decrease the defect densities within the device, especially interfacial defects. This work provides an effective method to improve the CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction properties for efficient kesterite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biwen Duan
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Licheng Lou
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiazheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinlin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Beranek B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Konyushikhin M, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li S, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Liu Z, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Phan HD, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shakfa Z, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Solano C, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Tüysüz C, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Erratum: Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 021101 (2021)]. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:159901. [PMID: 34678040 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.159901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.021101.
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Shi L, Liu Z, Meng Q, Tong L, Li H. P03.01 Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant PD-1 Inhibitors and Chemotherapy in Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Beranek B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Konyushikhin M, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li S, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Liu Z, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Phan HD, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shakfa Z, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Solano C, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Tüysüz C, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:021101. [PMID: 34296911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.021101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the properties of sodium (Na) and aluminum (Al) cosmic rays in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.46 million sodium and 0.51 million aluminum nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. We found that Na and Al, together with nitrogen (N), belong to a distinct cosmic ray group. In this group, we observe that, similar to the N flux, both the Na flux and Al flux are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component (proportional to the silicon flux) and a secondary cosmic ray component (proportional to the fluorine flux). The fraction of the primary component increases with rigidity for the N, Na, and Al fluxes and becomes dominant at the highest rigidities. The Na/Si and Al/Si abundance ratios at the source, 0.036±0.003 for Na/Si and 0.103±0.004 for Al/Si, are determined independent of cosmic ray propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Alpat
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beranek
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Burmeister
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Freeman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Konyushikhin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Z Liu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - M Molero
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - H D Phan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Reina Conde
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Schulz von Dratzig
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Z Shakfa
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Solano
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - C Tüysüz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
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Yu B, Shi J, Tan S, Cui Y, Zhao W, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Efficient (>20 %) and Stable All‐Inorganic Cesium Lead Triiodide Solar Cell Enabled by Thiocyanate Molten Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingcheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
- School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
- School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
- School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
- School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
- School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Beijing 100190 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China
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47
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Yu B, Shi J, Tan S, Cui Y, Zhao W, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Efficient (>20 %) and Stable All-Inorganic Cesium Lead Triiodide Solar Cell Enabled by Thiocyanate Molten Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13436-13443. [PMID: 33792125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Besides widely used surface passivation, engineering the film crystallization is an important and more fundamental route to improve the performance of all-inorganic perovskite solar cells. Herein, we have developed a urea-ammonium thiocyanate (UAT) molten salt modification strategy to fully release and exploit coordination activities of SCN- to deposit high-quality CsPbI3 film for efficient and stable all-inorganic solar cells. The UAT is derived by the hydrogen bond interactions between urea and NH4 + from NH4 SCN. With the UAT, the crystal quality of the CsPbI3 film has been significantly improved and a long single-exponential charge recombination lifetime of over 30 ns has been achieved. With these benefits, the cell efficiency has been promoted to over 20 % (steady-state efficiency of 19.2 %) with excellent operational stability over 1000 h. These results demonstrate a promising development route of the CsPbI3 related photoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
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48
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Shi J, Li Y, Li Y, Wu H, Luo Y, Li D, Meng Q. Eliminating the electric field response in a perovskite heterojunction solar cell to improve operational stability. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:536-544. [PMID: 36654423 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic and extrinsic ion migration is a very large threat to the operational stability of perovskite solar cells and is difficult to completely eliminate due to the low activation energy of ion migration and the existence of internal electric field. We propose a heterojunction route to help suppress ion migration, thus improving the operational stability of the cell from the perspective of eliminating the electric field response in the perovskite absorber. A heavily doped p-type (p+) thin layer semiconductor is introduced between the electron transporting layer (ETL) and perovskite absorber. The heterojunction charge depletion and electric field are limited to the ETL and p+ layers, while the perovskite absorber and hole transporting layer remain neutral. The p+ layer has a variety of candidate materials and is tolerant of defect density and carrier mobility, which makes this heterojunction route highly feasible and promising for use in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Physics Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Physics Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China.
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49
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Zhao W, Shi J, Tian C, Wu J, Li H, Li Y, Yu B, Luo Y, Wu H, Xie Z, Wang C, Duan D, Li D, Meng Q. CdS Induced Passivation toward High Efficiency and Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:9771-9780. [PMID: 33615775 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In perovskite solar cells, the halide vacancy defects on the perovskite film surface/interface will instigate charge recombination, leading to a decrease in cell performance. In this study, cadmium sulfide (CdS) has been introduced into the precursor solution to reduce the halide vacancy defects and improve the cell performance. The highest efficiency of the device reaches 21.62%. Density functional theory calculation reveals that the incorporated Cd2+ ions can partially replace Pb2+ ions, thus forming a strong Cd-I bond and effectively reducing iodide vacancy defects (VI); at the same time, the loss of the charge recombination is significantly reduced because VI is filled by S2- ions. Besides, the substitution of Cd2+ for Pb2+ could increase the generation of PbI2, which can further passivate the grain boundary. Therefore, the stability of the cells, together with the efficiency of the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), is also improved, maintaining 87.5% of its initial PCEs after being irradiated over 410 h. This work provides a very effective strategy to passivate the surface/interface defects of perovskite films for more efficient and stable optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Jiangjian Shi
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Chuanjin Tian
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Jionghua Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongshi Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bingcheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Huijue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhipeng Xie
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Changan Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Qingbo Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy (CAS), Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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50
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Allen MS, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Beranek B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Galaktionov Y, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Kanishev K, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Konyushikhin M, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li S, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Liu Z, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Lyu SS, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Mo DC, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Phan HD, Piandani R, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schulz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shakfa Z, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Solano C, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Tüysüz C, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Properties of Heavy Secondary Fluorine Cosmic Rays: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:081102. [PMID: 33709764 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.081102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Precise knowledge of the charge and rigidity dependence of the secondary cosmic ray fluxes and the secondary-to-primary flux ratios is essential in the understanding of cosmic ray propagation. We report the properties of heavy secondary cosmic ray fluorine F in the rigidity R range 2.15 GV to 2.9 TV based on 0.29 million events collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. The fluorine spectrum deviates from a single power law above 200 GV. The heavier secondary-to-primary F/Si flux ratio rigidity dependence is distinctly different from the lighter B/O (or B/C) rigidity dependence. In particular, above 10 GV, the F/Si/B/O ratio can be described by a power law R^{δ} with δ=0.052±0.007. This shows that the propagation properties of heavy cosmic rays, from F to Si, are different from those of light cosmic rays, from He to O, and that the secondary cosmic rays have two classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M S Allen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Alpat
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beranek
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Burmeister
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Freeman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Y Galaktionov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | | | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Konyushikhin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Z Liu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - S S Lyu
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - D C Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - M Molero
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
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- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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| | - P G Rancoita
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- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
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- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Tian
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
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- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - L Wang
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| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
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- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
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