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Galati L, Gupta P, Tufaro A, Marinaro M, Saponaro C, Escobar Marcillo DI, Loisi D, Sen R, Robitaille A, Brancaccio RN, Cuenin C, McKay-Chopin S, Paradiso AV, Liška V, Souček P, Zito FA, Hughes DJ, Tommasino M, Gheit T. Evaluation of human papillomavirus DNA in colorectal cancer and adjacent mucosal tissue samples. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:71. [PMID: 37941001 PMCID: PMC10634082 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the role of viral agents, such as human papillomavirus (e.g. HPV16, HPV18) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been previously investigated, results remain inconclusive. METHODS To further evaluate the involvement of oncogenic HPV types in CRC, 40 frozen neoplastic and 40 adjacent colonic tissues collected from Italian patients were analyzed by Luminex-based assays that detect a broad spectrum of HPV types, i.e. Alpha (n = 21), Beta (n = 46) and Gamma HPVs (n = 52). In addition, 125 frozen CRC samples and 70 surrounding mucosal tissues were collected from Czech patients and analyzed by broad spectrum PCR protocols: (i) FAP59/64, (ii) FAPM1 and (iii) CUT combined with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). RESULTS Using Luminex-basedassays, DNA from HPV16 was detected in 5% (2/40) CRC tissues from Italian patients. One HPV16 DNA-positive CRC case was subsequently confirmed positive for E6*I mRNA. Cutaneous beta HPV types were detected in 10% (4/40) adjacent tissues only, namely HPV111 (n = 3) and HPV120 (n = 1), while gamma HPV168 (n = 1) and HPV199 (n = 1) types were detected in adjacent and in tumor tissues, respectively. The NGS analysis of the CRC Czech samples identified HPV sequences from mucosal alpha-3 (HPV89), alpha-7 (HPV18, 39, 68 and 70) and alpha-10 species (HPV11), as well as cutaneous beta-1 (HPV20, 24, 93, 98, 105,124) beta-2 (HPV23), beta-3 (HPV49) and gamma-1 species (HPV205). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that HPV types belonging to the mucosal alpha, and the 'cutaneous' beta and gamma genera can be detected in the colonic mucosal samples with a low prevalence rate and a low number of HPV reads by Luminex and NGS, respectively. However, additional studies are required to corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Purnima Gupta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Antonio Tufaro
- Institutional BioBank, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", IRCCS, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Marinaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Donato Loisi
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Rajdip Sen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosario N Brancaccio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | | | - Václav Liška
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Souček
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - David J Hughes
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Group, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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Sloan L, Sen R, Hu C, Liu C, Doucet M, Blosser L, Thompson E, Katulis L, Kamson D, Grossman S, Holdhoff M, Redmond K, Quon H, Lim M, Eberhart C, Pardoll D, Ganguly S, Kleinberg L. Radiation Immunodynamics as the Foundation of Immune-Guided Radiotherapy: Changes in Peripheral CD14+PD-L1+ Myeloid Cells over the Course of Chemoradiation and Association with Survival for New Diagnosis of Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Goswami A, Bandyopadhyay R, RamtanuBandyopadhyay RS, Sen R. A Study to Measure Sexual Dysfunction among Women of Reproductive Age Group with Diabetes Mellitus Attending the Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata. J Assoc Physicians India 2022; 70:11-12. [PMID: 35443342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sexual dysfunction in Diabetes is an under-investigated problem, especially in women. The research barriers surrounding the issue of female sexual dysfunction are manifold and difficult to surpass, especially in the context of the Asian Subcontinent, where a multitude of sociocultural factors suppress the expression of distress. Early screening, diagnosis, and counselling can help in managing female sexual dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus and positively impact the lives of many women. This study was undertaken to find the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among diabetic women of reproductive age group, its relation to BMI, duration of Diabetes and microvascular complications, and to find its sociodemographic associations. MATERIAL A descriptive, observational study was carried out over a period of 1 year. 250 purposively sampled women attending the diabetic outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital were enrolled. All were known diabetic, between the ages of 30 and 44 years. A detailed history was obtained with the aid of a case record form which included the FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index), and a demographic questionnaire, after proper explanation in their own local vernacular as per their literacy level. Available medical records were used for finding the duration of diabetes, and associated diabetes related microvascular complications. OBSERVATION Prevalence of FSD among the study population was 73.6%. A significant association was found between age and sexual dysfunction (p<0.05). It was found to be more among the Hindus, compared to the Muslims (p<0.05). There was a significant association with BMI (>25kg/m2), increasing duration of Diabetes, and the presence of microvascular complications (p<0.05). In fact, all patients with microvascular complications were experiencing some degree of sexual dysfunction. No association was found with socioeconomic status, literacy, addiction, occupation or type of family. CONCLUSION Female sexual health issues in Diabetes are a neglected area, both in the clinic as well as in research, yet sexual health problems in this group may be more common than previously recognised. Low FSFI scores are associated with increasing age, higher BMI and increasing duration of Diabetes. Future studies may identify appropriate ways to probe and explore the related issues for early screening, and help establish the role of newer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goswami
- RG Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
| | | | | | - Rajdip Sen
- RG Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
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Choudhary R, Reddy SS, Nagi R, Nagaraju R, Kunjumon SP, Sen R. The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Oral-Premalignant Lesions: A Systematic Review. J Clin Exp Dent 2022; 14:e285-e292. [PMID: 35317296 PMCID: PMC8916595 DOI: 10.4317/jced.59348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Material and Methods Results Conclusions
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Maye J, Sen R, Sebastian B, Ward N, Athisayaraj T. EP.WE.453Impact of COVID 19 pandemic on colorectal rapid access investigations. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab308.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on delays in diagnosis of cancer has been highlighted at a national level. Such a delay represents an ongoing source of mortality and morbidity missing from the COVID-19 statistics. This study examines the delay in investigation of patients referred to the urgent colorectal cancer referral service at a single centre.
Method
Retrospective data was collated from prospective database for all 1,894 referrals to the urgent colorectal cancer referral service for the period 21 January to 24 December 2020. The time to appointment (TTA) was compared by date of referral and outcome type (endoscopy, CT abdomen pelvis (CT-AP), CT colonography (CT-C), clinic appointment).
Results
Across 2020, fewer than 25% of patients met the NICE recommendation of appointment within 14 days (median TTA 30 days, first quartile 19). TTA increased dramatically in the first months of the pandemic (February median: 19; March: 80.5). TTA remained high, not falling below a median wait of 28 days until November. CT-C tests were particularly delayed (median TTA: 86) due to concerns regarding aerosol generation and COVID-19 transmission. Patients were offered CT-AP tests while awaiting their delayed CT-C, as CT-AP had a significantly better wait of 15 days.
Conclusion
COVID-19 was a major disruptor of colorectal cancer diagnosis in 2020, with patients waiting more than twice as long as NICE recommends. This will likely continue into 2021, with further research required to assess the impact of this disruption on mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maye
- West Suffolk Hospital, Hardwick Ln, Bury St Edmunds, Bury Saint Edmunds IP33 2QZ
| | - R Sen
- West Suffolk Hospital, Hardwick Ln, Bury St Edmunds, Bury Saint Edmunds IP33 2QZ
| | - B Sebastian
- West Suffolk Hospital, Hardwick Ln, Bury St Edmunds, Bury Saint Edmunds IP33 2QZ
| | - N Ward
- West Suffolk Hospital, Hardwick Ln, Bury St Edmunds, Bury Saint Edmunds IP33 2QZ
| | - T Athisayaraj
- West Suffolk Hospital, Hardwick Ln, Bury St Edmunds, Bury Saint Edmunds IP33 2QZ
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Artyushina A, Norton E, Pathan A, Sen R. 131 Perioperative Management of Warfarin on Surgical Wards at District General Hospital. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Many patients admitted to surgical wards are on warfarin. Poor knowledge of guidelines regarding reversal and restarting of anticoagulant medications can delay surgery, lead to poor outcomes and delay the discharge of patients. The aim of this audit was to establish whether junior doctors are confident in managing warfarin according to local guidelines and to improve their knowledge and confidence.
Method
A questionnaire was used to assess confidence of junior doctors currently working in general surgical departments. An educational poster was placed in the junior doctors’ office and the questionnaire was repeated. We then conducted a teaching session on the perioperative management of warfarin and repeated the questionnaire again.
Results
Confidence in reversing and restarting warfarin was significantly higher following the teaching session (p = 0.017 and p < 0.001 respectively). No significant difference was seen following the introduction of educational posters. Confidence in applying the guidelines on perioperative warfarin management was significantly higher following the teaching session (p < 0.001). Following the introduction of educational posters and the formal teaching session doctors felt they knew better how to access the guidelines (not statistically significant for either guideline) and referred to them more (p = 0.0178 for warfarin reversing and p = 0.0940 for warfarin restarting guideline).
Conclusions
Having doctors who are confident in managing warfarin is crucial to avoid delays in treatment and discharge. This audit showed that a teaching session indeed improved doctors’ knowledge and confidence. Regular formal teaching is essential, and a repeat audit is planned to be performed during the next rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Artyushina
- West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St Edmunds, United Kingdom
| | - E Norton
- West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St Edmunds, United Kingdom
| | - A Pathan
- West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St Edmunds, United Kingdom
| | - R Sen
- West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St Edmunds, United Kingdom
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Galati L, Combes JD, Gupta P, Sen R, Robitaille A, Brancaccio RN, Atsou K, Cuenin C, McKay-Chopin S, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM, Clifford G, Gheit T, Tommasino M. Detection of a large spectrum of viral infections in conjunctival premalignant and malignant lesions. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2862-2870. [PMID: 32525572 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To study the interaction between HIV and other carcinogenic infections in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we evaluated the presence of a broad spectrum of human viruses in conjunctiva specimens. Beta Human papillomavirus (HPV; n = 46), gamma HPV (n = 52), polyomaviruses (n = 12) and herpes viruses (n = 3) was determined in DNA extracted from 67 neoplastic and 55 non-neoplastic conjunctival tissues of HIV-positive and HIV negative subjects by Luminex-based assays. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was also used to further characterize the presence of cutaneous HPVs. Detection of beta-2 HPV infections was associated with the risk of neoplasia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8), regardless of HIV status (HIV positive, aOR 2.6, 95% CI 0.9-7.7; HIV negative, aOR 3.5, 95% CI 0.9-14.4). EBV was strongly associated with the risk of neoplasia (aOR 12.0, 95% CI 4.3-33.5; P < .01) mainly in HIV individuals (HIV positive, aOR 57.5; 95% CI: 10.1-327.1; HIV negative aOR 2.6; 95% CI: 0.2-34.7). NGS allowed to identify 13 putative novel HPVs in cases and controls. Our findings suggest a role of beta HPV types and EBV, in conjunctival SCC. However, additional studies of viral expression in tumor tissue are required to confirm the causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jean Damien Combes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Purnima Gupta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Rajdip Sen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Rosario Nicola Brancaccio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Kueshivi Atsou
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRCCS "Fondazione Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRCCS "Fondazione Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Gary Clifford
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Masud MM, Baquy MAA, Akhter S, Sen R, Barman A, Khatun MR. Liming effects of poultry litter derived biochar on soil acidity amelioration and maize growth. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 202:110865. [PMID: 32570103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Crop production in acid soils is facing enormous challenges due to low soil quality associated with an increase in the acidification rate and aluminum toxicity. Despite comprehensive prior work with biochar application on nutrient availability and crop productivity in acid soils, little information is available about the recommendation or standardization of biochar application rates that are more suitable for soil fertility improvement under different soil environments (physico-chemical properties) for maximizing the benefits of biochar applications and minimizing the potential environmental risk. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of poultry litter (PL) and poultry litter biochar (PLB) in ameliorating the fertility of acid soils through incubation and pot experiments. The soil was amended with different materials as follows; lime (1 g kg-1), PL (5, 10 and 15 g kg-1) and PLB (5, 10 and 15 g kg-1) along with control (non-amended). A pot experiment was also conducted using similar treatments to observe the responses of maize crop to the different amendments. The results indicated an increase in the pH and a decrease in exchangeable acidity in lime, PL and PLB amended soils. Lower soil pH, base cations and soil available phosphorus (P), and higher exchangeable acidity were found in control than the amended soils. Compared to PL and lime, PLB achieved greater increase rate in soil pH and reduction rate in soil exchangeable acidity with increased soil exchangeable base cations. An increase in soil available calcium (Ca) was observed in the lime treatment, while in PL and PLB treatments, there was an increase in soil available Ca, magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and P. Application of the amendments increased availability of nitrogen (N), P, K, Ca and Mg relative to the control for maize in the pot experiment. When PL and PLB amendments were compared, it was found that the PLB was the best choice for the amelioration of acid soils as well as nutrient uptake by maize plants. It is suggested that application of PLB at the rate of 15 g kg-1 is suitable for maize growth in acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Masud
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - M Abdulaha-Al Baquy
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh.
| | - S Akhter
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - R Sen
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - A Barman
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - M R Khatun
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
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Jha P, Sen R, Jobby R, Sachar S, Bhatkalkar S, Desai N. Biotransformation of xenobiotics by hairy roots. Phytochemistry 2020; 176:112421. [PMID: 32505862 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The exponential industrial growth we see today rides on the back of large scale production of chemicals, explosives and pharmaceutical products. However, the effluents getting released from their manufacturing units are greatly compromising the sustainability of our environment. With greater awareness of the imperative for environmental clean-up, a promising approach that is attracting increasing research interests is biodegradation of xenobiotics. In this approach, biotransformation has proven to be one of the most effective tools. While many different model frameworks have been used to study different aspects of biotransformation, hairy roots (HRs) have been found to be exceptionally valuable. HR cultures are preferred over other in-vitro model systems due to their biochemical stability and hormone-autotrophy. In addition, the multi-enzyme biosynthetic potential of HRs which is similar to the parent plant and their relatively low-cost cultural requirements further characterize their suitability for biotransformation. The recent progress observed in scale-up of HR cultures and understanding of functional genomics has opened up new dimensions providing valuable insights for industrial application. This review article summarizes the potential of HR cultures in the biotransformation of xenobiotics, their limitations in the application on a large scale and current strategies to alleviate them. Advancement in bioreactors engineering enabling large scale cultivation and modern gene technologies improving biotransformation efficiency promises to extend laboratory results to industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Jha
- Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post -Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India.
| | - Rajdip Sen
- Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post -Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Renitta Jobby
- Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post -Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Shilpee Sachar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400098, India
| | - Shruti Bhatkalkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400098, India
| | - Neetin Desai
- Sunandan Divatia School of Sciences, NMIMS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
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Sloan L, Sen R, Doucet M, Blosser L, Shpitser I, Cheng Z, Katulis L, Wemmer J, Jackson C, Hu C, McNutt T, Grossman S, Holdhoff M, Lim M, Redmond K, Eberhart C, Quon H, Pardoll D, Ganguly S, Kleinberg L. The Immunodynamics of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell and Monocyte Populations in the Peripheral Blood in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Undergoing Adjuvant Temozolomide and Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sen R, Sen C, Pack J, Block KT, Golfinos JG, Prabhu V, Boada F, Gonen O, Kondziolka D, Fatterpekar G. Role of High-Resolution Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI with Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel Reconstruction to Identify the Normal Pituitary Gland in Patients with Macroadenomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1117-1121. [PMID: 28495945 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Preoperative localization of the pituitary gland with imaging in patients with macroadenomas has been inadequately explored. The pituitary gland enhancing more avidly than a macroadenoma has been described in the literature. Taking advantage of this differential enhancement pattern, our aim was to evaluate the role of high-resolution dynamic MR imaging with golden-angle radial sparse parallel reconstruction in localizing the pituitary gland in patients undergoing trans-sphenoidal resection of a macroadenoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed in 17 patients who underwent trans-sphenoidal surgery for pituitary macroadenoma. Radial volumetric interpolated brain examination sequences with golden-angle radial sparse parallel technique were obtained. Using an ROI-based method to obtain signal-time curves and permeability measures, 3 separate readers identified the normal pituitary gland distinct from the macroadenoma. The readers' localizations were then compared with the intraoperative location of the gland. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the interobserver agreement and correlation with operative findings. RESULTS The normal pituitary gland was found to have steeper enhancement-time curves as well as higher peak enhancement values compared with the macroadenoma (P < .001). Interobserver agreement was almost perfect in all 3 planes (κ = 0.89). In the 14 cases in which the gland was clearly identified intraoperatively, the correlation between the readers' localization and the true location derived from surgery was also nearly perfect (κ = 0.95). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms our ability to consistently and accurately identify the normal pituitary gland in patients with macroadenomas with the golden-angle radial sparse parallel technique with quantitative permeability measurements and enhancement-time curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sen
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - C Sen
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - J Pack
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - K T Block
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - J G Golfinos
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - V Prabhu
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - F Boada
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - O Gonen
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - D Kondziolka
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - G Fatterpekar
- From the New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Katz L, Liechty B, Sen R, Fatterpekar G, Silverman J, Golfinos J, Sen C, Zagzag D, Snuderl M. Global Loss of Histone H3K27 Trimethylation in Atypical and Anaplastic Meningiomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Katz L, Sen R, Fatterpekar G, Silverman J, Liechty B, Snuderl M, Golfinos J, Pacione D, Sen C. Evaluation of Radiological Meningioma Margin is Superior to CSF Cleft in Predicting Surgical Ease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Katz L, Sen R, Fatterpekar G, Liechty B, Silverman J, Snuderl M, Sen C. Statistical Concordance Rates of Imaging Features in Meningioma With Intraoperative Findings and Pathological Grade. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Fox-Lewis A, Coltart G, Rice S, Sen R, Gourtsoyannis Y, Hyare H, Gupta RK. Extensive subclinical sinusitis leading to Moraxella osloensis meningitis. IDCases 2016; 6:39-42. [PMID: 27695673 PMCID: PMC5043396 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of a 31 year old male with extensive subclinical sinusitis leading to erosion in the cribriform plate and subsequent meningitis caused by the organism Moraxella osloensis. The patient presented to the emergency department with rapid onset confusion, neck stiffness and headache. Inflammatory markers, renal and liver function, and a chest radiograph were all normal. CT Head showed extensive polyp disease in the paranasal sinuses with expansion of the left frontal sinus and CT Sinuses revealed an area of low attenuation in the cribriform plate consistent with bony erosion. MRI Head showed thick loculated sinus inflammation. Lumbar puncture yielded CSF with a high white cell count of predominantly mononuclear cells, no visible organisms and an elevated protein. CSF microscopy, culture and viral PCR were not diagnostic, and so the CSF was sent for 16S rDNA PCR screening, which identified the rDNA of Moraxella osloensis. Moraxella osloensis is a rare cause of bacterial meningitis, with only a few reported cases. This case illustrates that sinusitis, while a common condition, when severe can predispose to intracranial infection with atypical and low virulence organisms such as Moraxella species, which do not commonly cause invasive CNS disease. This case represents the first case of Moraxella osloensis meningitis reported from the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fox-Lewis
- Division of Infection, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - G Coltart
- Division of Infection, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Rice
- Radiology Department, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Sen
- Division of Infection, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Y Gourtsoyannis
- Division of Infection, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - H Hyare
- Radiology Department, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R K Gupta
- Division of Infection, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Infection, University College London, London, UK
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17
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Sen R, Nayak L, De RK. A review on host-pathogen interactions: classification and prediction. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1581-99. [PMID: 27470504 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The research on host-pathogen interactions is an ever-emerging and evolving field. Every other day a new pathogen gets discovered, along with comes the challenge of its prevention and cure. As the intelligent human always vies for prevention, which is better than cure, understanding the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions gets prior importance. There are many mechanisms involved from the pathogen as well as the host sides while an interaction happens. It is a vis-a-vis fight of the counter genes and proteins from both sides. Who wins depends on whether a host gets an infection or not. Moreover, a higher level of complexity arises when the pathogens evolve and become resistant to a host's defense mechanisms. Such pathogens pose serious challenges for treatment. The entire human population is in danger of such long-lasting persistent infections. Some of these infections even increase the rate of mortality. Hence there is an immediate emergency to understand how the pathogens interact with their host for successful invasion. It may lead to discovery of appropriate preventive measures, and the development of rational therapeutic measures and medication against such infections and diseases. This review, a state-of-the-art updated scenario of host-pathogen interaction research, has been done by keeping in mind this urgency. It covers the biological and computational aspects of host-pathogen interactions, classification of the methods by which the pathogens interact with their hosts, different machine learning techniques for prediction of host-pathogen interactions, and future scopes of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sen
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
| | - L Nayak
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
| | - R K De
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata, 700108, India.
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18
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Subash Sundar T, Sen R, Johari P. Rationally designed donor-acceptor scheme based molecules for applications in opto-electronic devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9133-47. [PMID: 26972386 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00367b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several donor (D)-acceptor (A) based molecules are rationally designed by adopting three different schemes in which the conjugation length, strength of the donor and acceptor moieties, and planarity of the molecules are varied. These variations are made by introducing a π-conjugated linkage unit, terminating the ends of the moieties by different electron donating and accepting functional groups, and fusing the donor and acceptor moieties, respectively. Our DFT and TDDFT based calculations reveal that using the above-mentioned design schemes, the electronic and optical properties of the D-A based molecules can be largely tuned. While introduction of a linkage and fusing of moieties enhance the π-π interaction, addition of electron donating groups (-CH3, -OH, and -NH2) and electron accepting groups (-CF3, -CN, -NO2, and -NH3(+)) varies the strength of the donor and acceptor moieties. These factors lead to modulation of the HOMO and LUMO energy levels and facilitate the engineering of the HOMO-LUMO gap and the optical gap over a wide range of ∼0.7-3.7 eV. Moreover, on the basis of calculated ionization potential and reorganization energy, most of the investigated molecules are predicted to be air stable and to exhibit high electron mobility, with the possibility of the presence of ambipolar characteristics in a few of them. The results of our calculations not only demonstrate the examined molecules to be the potential materials for organic opto-electronic devices, but also establish an understanding of the composition-structure-property correlation, which will provide guidelines for designing and synthesizing new materials of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Subash Sundar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, NH91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagar, U. P.-201314, India
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Chhabra S, Sen R, Parmar P, Gupta P, Sharma A, Yadav H. Primary malignant melanoma of aryepiglottic fold. Ghana Med J 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/gmj.v49i4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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20
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Vázquez MA, Sen R, Soto M. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of compost from decentralised composting programmes. Bioresour Technol 2015; 198:520-532. [PMID: 26432056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Composts that originated from small-scale composting programmes including home, community and canteen waste composters were studied. Heavy metals concentration indicated compliance with current regulations for conventional and organic agriculture. Compost from canteen waste showed high organic matter content (74% VS), while community (44 ± 20% VS) and home composts (31 ± 16% VS) had moderate levels. N content increased from home compost (1.3 ± 0.9% dm) to community (2.0 ± 0.9%) and canteen compost (2.5-3.0%) while P content ranged from 0.4% to 0.6% dm. C/N, absorbance E4/E6 and N-NH4(+)/N-NO3(-) ratios as well as respiration index indicated well-stabilized final products. Culturable bacterial and fungal cfu linkage to composting dynamics were identified and higher diversity of invertebrates was found in the smaller scale static systems. With similar process evolution indicators to industrial systems, overall results support the sustainability of these small-scale, self-managed composting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Vázquez
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Galiza, Spain; Division of Biology and Conservation Ecology, School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
| | - R Sen
- Division of Biology and Conservation Ecology, School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
| | - M Soto
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Galiza, Spain.
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Bharti R, Dey G, Ojha PK, Rajput S, Jaganathan SK, Sen R, Mandal M. Diacerein-mediated inhibition of IL-6/IL-6R signaling induces apoptotic effects on breast cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:3965-75. [PMID: 26616855 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling network has been implicated in oncogenic transformations making it attractive target for the discovery of novel cancer therapeutics. In this study, potent antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of diacerein were observed against breast cancer. In vitro apoptosis was induced by this drug in breast cancer cells as verified by increased sub-G1 population, LIVE/DEAD assay, cell cytotoxicity and presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, as well as downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and upregulation of apoptotic protein Bax. In addition, apoptosis induction was found to be caspase dependent. Further molecular investigations indicated that diacerein instigated apoptosis was associated with inhibition of IL-6/IL-6R autocrine signaling axis. Suppression of STAT3, MAPK and Akt pathways were also observed as a consequence of diacerein-mediated upstream inhibition of IL-6/IL-6R. Fluorescence study and western blot analysis revealed cytosolic accumulation of STAT3 in diacerein-treated cells. The docking study showed diacerein/IL-6R interaction that was further validated by competitive binding assay and isothermal titration calorimetry. Most interestingly, it was found that diacerein considerably suppressed tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft model. The in vivo antitumor effect was correlated with decreased proliferation (Ki-67), increased apoptosis (TUNEL) and inhibition of IL-6/IL-6R-mediated STAT3, MAPK and Akt pathway in tumor remnants. Taken together, diacerein offered a novel blueprint for cancer therapy by hampering IL-6/IL-6R/STAT3/MAPK/Akt network.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bharti
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - G Dey
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - P K Ojha
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - S Rajput
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - S K Jaganathan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia
| | - R Sen
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - M Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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22
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Tripathy S, Padhi SK, Sen R, Mohanty S, Samanta M, Maiti NK. Profiling of Brevibacillus borstelensis transcriptome exposed to high temperature shock. Genomics 2015; 107:33-9. [PMID: 26585522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of the bacteria to survive at high temperature, gene expression profile of Brevibacillusborstelensis at 55°C during 5 and 10min heat shock period was carried out by high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 2555 non-redundant transcripts were annotated. A total of 575 genes at 5min and 400 genes at 10min exhibited significant differential expression in response to temperature upshift from 50 to 55°C. Genes up-regulated under heat shock were associated with metabolism (mtnE), membrane transport, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation (ycxD, codY) and folding and sorting (hsp90). A larger number of genes encoding hypothetical proteins were identified. RT-PCR experimental results carried out on genes expressed under heat shock were found to be consistent with transcriptome data. The results enhance our understanding of adaptation strategy of thermophilic bacteria thereby providing a strong background for in depth research in thermophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tripathy
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India
| | - S K Padhi
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India
| | - R Sen
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India
| | - S Mohanty
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India
| | - M Samanta
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India
| | - N K Maiti
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Orissa, India.
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23
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Sen R, Alsawaf O, Peach C. A closed loop audit on the documentation of operation notes. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gupta V, Singh S, Malik S, Sansanwal P, Sen R, Kaur K. Heterotropic pancreas in appendix: A rare case report. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2015.07.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Sen R, Tripathy S, Padhi SK, Mohanty S, Maiti NK. Assessment of genetic diversity of Bacillus spp. isolated from eutrophic fish culture pond. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:393-400. [PMID: 28324539 PMCID: PMC4522712 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Bacillus comprises of a diverse group with a wide range of nutritional requirements and physiological and metabolic diversity. Their role in nutrient cycle is well documented. 16S rDNA sequences do not always allow the species to be discriminated. In this study 40 Bacillus spp. obtained from fish culture pond and 10 culture type strains were analysed for their genomic diversity by PCR-RFLP of intergenic spacer region of 16S-23S and HSP60 genes. TaqI digestion of PCR products amplified by ITS PCR did not render distinctive RFLP patterns. Numerical analysis of ITS PCR-RFLP pattern differentiated the isolates into 11 clusters. Same species were found to be grouped in different clusters. But PstI digested PCR products amplified from HSP60 gene of the isolates showed distinctive RFLP patterns. The dendrogram constructed from HSP60 PCR-RFLP delineated the isolates into 11 clusters also. All the clusters, except cluster I grouped only one type of species. The results showed that Bacillus spp. could be clearly distinguished by PCR-RFLP of HSP60 gene. Therefore, the HSP60 gene is proposed as an additional molecular marker for discrimination of Bacillus group.
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Khadanga S, Sen R, Thatoi PK, Mohanty R, Mishra KB, Karuna T. Fever and cervical lymphadenopathy in a young female; thinking beyond tuberculosis. J Glob Infect Dis 2014; 6:197-8. [PMID: 25538463 PMCID: PMC4265840 DOI: 10.4103/0974-777x.145265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Khadanga
- Department of Medicine, LN Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rajdip Sen
- SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | | | | | - T Karuna
- Department of Microbiology, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Yadav R, Singh S, Marwah N, Kataria K, Aggarwal G, Sen R. Immunohistochemical detection of axillary lymph node micrometastases in breast cancer patients: Increasing the accuracy of detection and decreasing labor intensive serial sectioning. Indian J Cancer 2014; 51:267-271. [PMID: 25494120 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.146774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: The histological detection of axillary lymph node tumor metastases in cases of breast carcinoma is of major prognostic significance, but may be difficult when metastases are of microscopic size. The micrometastases can be detected either by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or serial sectioning. Aims: We investigated whether immunohistochemical techniques and serial sectioning can increase the accuracy of metastatic detection and compared the efficacy of both. Materials and Methods: Thirty cases of breast carcinoma were studied in all of whom the axillary lymph nodes had been reported as free of metastases. Blocks from these cases were serially sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and a single section was stained with monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and epithelial membrane antigen. The positivity for micrometastases was correlated with size, number, grade and histological type of primary tumor, lymph node size and number. Results and Conclusion: In 5/30 previously unsuspected cases, micrometastases were revealed by IHC and in 1/30 by serial sectioning. These findings suggested that serial sectioning is a labor intensive, time consuming and impractical procedure. Micrometastases were more frequently detected with age of patient >50 years, Grade 2/3 tumor, tumor size >5 cm and more than one primary tumor. Immunohistochemical analysis can be recommended as a routine procedure or an adjunct to routine histological procedures for the correct staging of breast carcinoma and use of adjuvant chemotherapy, especially in the high risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yadav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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28
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Phillips GA, Mathias A, Coon CD, Agarwal SS, Sen R, Shah R, Ziemssen T. Psychometric Analyses to Inform Item Reduction and Evaluate Sensitivity of the Early Mobility Impairment Questionnaire for Multiple Sclerosis. Value Health 2014; 17:A403. [PMID: 27200970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R Sen
- Adelphi Values, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Shah
- University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - T Ziemssen
- University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
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Mathur SK, Jain P, Batra A, Sen R. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva: A rare entity. Indian J Cancer 2014; 51:469. [PMID: 26842165 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.175329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Batra
- Department of Pathology, Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Ashe S, Maji UJ, Sen R, Mohanty S, Maiti NK. Specific oligonucleotide primers for detection of endoglucanase positive Bacillus subtilis by PCR. 3 Biotech 2014; 4:461-465. [PMID: 28324377 PMCID: PMC4162904 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-013-0177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for discrimination of Bacillus subtilis from other members of B. subtilis group as well as rapid identification from environmental samples. Primers ENIF and EN1R from endoglucanase gene were used to amplify a1311 bp DNA fragment. The specificity of the primers was tested with seven reference strains and 28 locally isolated strains of endoglucanase positive Bacillus species. The PCR product was only produced from B. subtilis. The results demonstrated high specificity of two oligonucleotides for B. subtilis. This species-specific PCR method provides a quick, simple, powerful and reliable alternative to conventional methods in the detection and identification of B. subtilis. To our knowledge this is the first report of a B. subtilis specific primer set.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashe
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, Orissa, India
| | - U J Maji
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, Orissa, India
| | - R Sen
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, Orissa, India
| | - S Mohanty
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, Orissa, India
| | - N K Maiti
- Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kaushalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, Orissa, India.
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Tripathy S, Sen R, Padhi S, Sahu D, Nandi S, Mohanty S, Maiti N. Survey of the transcriptome of Brevibacillus borstelensis exposed to low temperature shock. Gene 2014; 550:207-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Singh R, Rohilla RK, Dhayal RK, Sen R, Sehgal PK. Role of local application of autologous platelet-rich plasma in the management of pressure ulcers in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord 2014; 52:809-16. [DOI: 10.1038/sc.2014.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tripathy S, Sen R, Padhi SK, Mohanty S, Maiti NK. Upregulation of transcripts for metabolism in diverse environments is a shared response associated with survival and adaptation of Klebsiella pneumoniae in response to temperature extremes. Funct Integr Genomics 2014; 14:591-601. [PMID: 24890397 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-014-0382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae being ubiquitous in nature encounters wide differences in environmental condition. The organism's abundance in natural water reservoirs exposed to temperature variation forms the basis of its persistence and spread in the soil and other farm produce. In order to investigate the effect of temperature changes on the survival and adaptation of the bacteria, the transcriptional response of K. pneumoniae subjected to low (20 °C) and high (50 °C) temperature shock were executed using Applied Biosystems SOLiD platform. Approximately, 33 and 34% of protein coding genes expressed in response to 20 and 50 °C, respectively, displayed significant up- or downregulation (p < 0.01). Most of the significantly expressed transcripts mapped to metabolism, membrane transport, and cell motility were downregulated at 50 °C, except for protein folding, sorting, and degradation, suggesting that heat stress causes general downregulation of gene expression together with induction of heat shock proteins. While at 20 °C, the transcripts of carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism were highly upregulated. Hypothetical proteins as well as canonical heat and cold shock proteins, viz. grpE, clpX, recA, and deaD were upregulated commonly in response to 20 and 50 °C. Significant upregulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins at 20 and 50 °C possibly suggest their role in the survival of K. pneumoniae cells under low- and high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tripathy
- Microbiology unit, Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751002, India
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Sethi D, Sen R, Parshad S, Khetarpal S, Garg M, Sen J. Histopathologic changes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Indian J Cancer 2013; 50:58-64. [PMID: 23713048 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.112301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the clinical and pathologic assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and describe the various histopathologic changes observed. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied a group of 40 patients with locally advanced breast cancer who had their initial workup in the form of clinico-imaging assessment of the size and pretreatment biopsy from the lesion. All the patients received two to six cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, either cyclophosphamide 50 to 60 mg/m 2 IV, doxorubicin 40 to 50 mg/m 2 IV and 5-fluorouracil 500 to 800 mg/m 2 IV (CAF) or cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil (CEF). Clinical and pathologic assessment of response to chemotherapy was done based on the UICC guidelines. RESULT Complete clinical response (cCR) was seen in 10% cases (4/40), thirty percent patients had (12/40) partial response and 60% (24/40) had stable disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathologic complete response (pCR) with no evidence of viable tumor was observed in 20% patients (8/40). Fifteen patients (37.5%) showed partial response and 42.5% patients (17/40) had a stable disease. No patient progressed during the course of chemotherapy. Changes in the tumor type were observed following chemotherapy, most common being the mucinous change. Histologic changes like dyscohesion, shrinkage of tumor cells, elastosis, collagenization, necrosis, lymphocytic reaction, giant cell response are some of the common observations seen following treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Pathologic assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a better predictor than the clinical response. The chemotherapy drugs can be modified based on the response observed after 1-2 cycles of neoadjuvant, the response being based on both tumor and patient's responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sethi
- Department of Pathology, Pt. B. D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India
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Biswas K, Sontakke AD, Sen R, Annapurna K. Enhanced 2 μm broad-band emission and NIR to visible frequency up-conversion from Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped Bi2O3-GeO2-ZnO glasses. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 112:301-308. [PMID: 23685797 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new and non-conventional oxide glass composition based on Bi2O3-GeO2-ZnO system has been formulated with an aim to realize low phonon oxide glass and elucidate its performance when co-doped with Ho(3+)/Yb(3+) for the energy transfer based NIR emission at 2 μm from Ho(3+) ions under Yb(3+) excitation. The glass with 1.0 mol% Ho2O3 and 0.5 mol% Yb2O3 has exhibited maximum energy transfer rate (3602 s(-1)) and energy transfer efficiency (65.92%). Important radiative properties have been predicted for emission transitions of Ho(3+) ions using intensity parameters derived from measured absorption spectra using standard Judd-Ofelt theory. At lower acceptor ion concentration (0.1 mol%), an efficient NIR to visible up-conversion emission has been observed based on two photon absorption process which has found to be reduced significantly at higher Ho(3+) concentrations with simultaneous enhancement in 2 μm emission. Hence, this newly developed glass codoped with Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) is promising glass for sensitized 2 μm emission applications as broad band tunable lasers because of the combination of low phonon energy (707 cm(-1)), high energy transfer efficiency, moderately high emission cross-section (5.33×10(-21) cm(2)) and larger effective half-width of the emission band value of 169 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Biswas
- Glass Division, Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Bremer K, Pal A, Yao S, Lewis E, Sen R, Sun T, Grattan KTV. Sensitive detection of CO2 implementing tunable thulium-doped all-fiber laser. Appl Opt 2013; 52:3957-3963. [PMID: 23759843 DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.003957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper a compact, yet sensitive gas detection system based on a modulated, tunable thulium-doped fiber laser in the 2 μm wavelength region is reported. The laser operating wavelength range centered at a wavelength of 1.995 μm has been selected to access the R(50) transition (ν1+2ν2+ν3) of CO2 based on its line strength and to achieve isolation from interfering high-temperature water absorption features. The laser linewidth and tuning range are optimized accordingly. The modulation of the fiber laser, achieved through pump source modulation and a locking detection mechanism, has been utilized to stabilize the laser system and therefore to create a compact gas sensor with high sensitivity. The absorption spectrum, as well as the line strength and the concentration level of CO2, have been monitored through absorption spectroscopy techniques. The measured minimum detectable concentration of CO2 obtained using the system shows that it is quite capable of detecting trace gas at the ppm (parts in 10(6)) level. The stable laser performance achieved in the sensor system illustrates its potential for the development of practical, compact, yet sensitive fiber-laser-based gas sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bremer
- School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University London, London, UK
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Kellner K, Fernández-Marín H, Ishak HD, Sen R, Linksvayer TA, Mueller UG. Co-evolutionary patterns and diversification of ant-fungus associations in the asexual fungus-farming ant Mycocepurus smithii
in Panama. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1353-62. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kellner
- Section of Integrative Biology; Patterson Laboratories; University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX USA
| | - H. Fernández-Marín
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Balboa Panamá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología; Panamá Rep. de Panamá
| | - H. D. Ishak
- Section of Integrative Biology; Patterson Laboratories; University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX USA
| | - R. Sen
- Department of Entomology; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN USA
| | - T. A. Linksvayer
- Department of Biology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - U. G. Mueller
- Section of Integrative Biology; Patterson Laboratories; University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Balboa Panamá
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Raychoudhury R, Sen R, Cai Y, Sun Y, Lietze VU, Boucias DG, Scharf ME. Comparative metatranscriptomic signatures of wood and paper feeding in the gut of the termite Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Insect Mol Biol 2013; 22:155-71. [PMID: 23294456 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Termites are highly eusocial insects that thrive on recalcitrant materials like wood and soil and thus play important roles in global carbon recycling and also in damaging wooden structures. Termites, such as Reticulitermes flavipes (Rhinotermitidae), owe their success to their ability to extract nutrients from lignocellulose (a major component of wood) with the help of gut-dwelling symbionts. With the aim to gain new insights into this enzymatic process we provided R. flavipes with a complex lignocellulose (wood) or pure cellulose (paper) diet and followed the resulting differential gene expression on a custom oligonucleotide-microarray platform. We identified a set of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with differential abundance between the two diet treatments and demonstrated the source (host/symbiont) of these genes, providing novel information on termite nutritional symbiosis. Our results reveal: (1) the majority of responsive wood- and paper-abundant ESTs are from host and symbionts, respectively; (2) distinct pathways are associated with lignocellulose and cellulose feeding in both host and symbionts; and (3) sets of diet-responsive ESTs encode putative digestive and wood-related detoxification enzymes. Thus, this study illuminates the dynamics of termite nutritional symbiosis and reveals a pool of genes as potential targets for termite control and functional studies of termite-symbiont interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Raychoudhury
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Abstract
Heterotopic, aberrant or ectopic pancreas is defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue in topographic anomaly, with no anatomical, neural or vascular connection to the normal pancreas. It is a rare condition found mainly in stomach, duodenum and jejunum. Ileal heterotopic pancreas is an uncommon condition and has been rarely reported in children so far. Hereby we report a case of heterotopic pancreas presenting as ileal poyp leading to ileoileal intussusception in a 12 year child.
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Abstract
Adenomatoid tumor is a benign mesothelial neoplasm of the paratesticular region in males but can also occur in female genital tracts. The epididymis is the most common site of involvement and constitutes 32% of paratesticular neoplasms. We diagnosed a case of adenomatoid tumor on cytopathology in 24 years old male, who presented with mass lesion right epididymis since 2 months. The diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology and immunohistochemistry after surgical excision of the nodule. FNAC is a rapid, reliable and cost effective diagnostic tool for preoperative diagnosis to take appropriate surgical decisions. Pathologists should be aware of the cytological features of such lesions so as to differentiate it from other paratesticular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India
| | - S Garg
- Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India
| | - R Agarwal
- Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India
| | - R Sen
- Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India
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Abstract
Teratomas are the benign tumours, which may occur anywhere in the body. Development of these lesions in the oral cavity is extremely rare. In the oral cavity, they usually arise in the midline, in the floor of mouth. Infrequently, they may be seen in the tongue proper. We hereby, present a case of swelling tongue in 56 years female diagnosed as teratoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences. Haryana, India
| | - S Singh
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences. Haryana, India
| | - M Gill
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences. Haryana, India
| | - R Goyal
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences. Haryana, India
| | - S Hasija
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences. Haryana, India
| | - R Sen
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences. Haryana, India
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Chowdhury SR, Manna S, Saha P, Basak RK, Sen R, Roy D, Adhikari B. Composition analysis and material characterization of an emulsifying extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) produced by Bacillus megaterium RB-05: a hydrodynamic sediment-attached isolate of freshwater origin. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:1381-93. [PMID: 21973188 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This work was aimed to isolate, purify and characterize an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) produced by a freshwater dynamic sediment-attached micro-organism, Bacillus megaterium RB-05, and study its emulsifying potential in different hydrocarbon media. METHODS AND RESULTS Bacillus megaterium RB-05 was found to produce EPSs in glucose mineral salts medium, and maximum yield (0.864 g l(-1) ) was achieved after 24-h incubation. The recovery rates of the polysaccharide material by ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography were around 67 and 93%, respectively. As evident from HPLC and FT-IR analyses, the polysaccharide was found to be a heteropolymer-containing glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, fucose and N-acetyl glucosamine. Different oligosaccharide combinations namely hexose(3), hexose(4), hexose(5) deoxyhexose(1) and hexose(5) deoxyhexose(1) pentose(3) were obtained after partial hydrolysis of the polymer using MALDI-ToF-MS. The polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 170 kDa and thermal stability up to 180°C showed pseudoplastic rheology and significant emulsifying activity in hydrocarbon media. CONCLUSIONS Isolated polysaccharide was found to be of high molecular weight and thermally stable. The purified EPS fraction was composed of hexose, pentose and deoxyhexose sugar residues, which is a rare combination for bacterial polysaccharides. Emulsifying property was either better or comparable to that of other commercially available natural gums and polysaccharides. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is probably one of the few reports about characterizing an emulsifying EPS produced by a freshwater sediment-attached bacterium. The results of this study contribute to understand the influence of chemical composition and material properties of a new microbial polysaccharide on its application in industrial biotechnology. Furthermore, this work reconfirms freshwater dynamic sediment as a potential habitat for bioprospecting extracellular polymer-producing bacteria. This study will improve our knowledge on the exploitation of a nonconventional renewable resource, which also seems to be ecologically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Chowdhury
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
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Kodali VP, Perali RS, Sen R. Purification and partial elucidation of the structure of an antioxidant carbohydrate biopolymer from the probiotic bacterium Bacillus coagulans RK-02. J Nat Prod 2011; 74:1692-1697. [PMID: 21800834 DOI: 10.1021/np1008448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated from Bacillus coagulans RK-02 and purified by size exclusion chromatography. The purified, homogeneous EPS had an average molecular weight of ∼3 × 10⁴ Da by comparison with FITC-labeled dextran standards. In vivo evaluations showed that, like other reported polysaccharides, this EPS displayed significant antioxidant activity. FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of hydroxy, carboxy, and α-glycosidic linkages and a mannose residue. GC analysis indicated that the EPS was a heteropolymer composed of glucose, mannose, galactose, glucosamine, and fucose as monomeric constituent units. Partial elucidation of the structure of the carbohydrate biopolymer based on GC-MS and NMR analysis showed the presence of two unique sets of tetrasaccharide repeating units that have 1→3 and 1→6 glycosidic linkages. This is also the first report of a Gram-positive bacterial polysaccharide with both fucose as a sugar monomer and 1→3 and 1→6 glycosidic linkages in the molecular backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya P Kodali
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, West Bengal, India
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Bhadada SK, Bhansali A, Das S, Singh R, Sen R, Agarwal A, Mittal B, Nahar U, Dutta P, Khandelwal N. Fibrous dysplasia & McCune-Albright syndrome: an experience from a tertiary care centre in north India. Indian J Med Res 2011; 133:504-9. [PMID: 21623035 PMCID: PMC3121281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare metabolic bone disease and information available from India is limited to only anecdotal case reports. We describe the clinical profile and therapeutic outcome of 25 patients with FD observed over a period of 14 yr in a tertiary care centre from north India. METHODS In this retrospective study patients (n = 25) with diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia based on either classical radiological features and/or histological evidence on bone biopsy, were analyzed. Associated endocrinopathies if any, were evaluated. The diagnosis of McCune Albright syndrome (MAS) was considered when fibrous dysplasia was accompanied by either café-au-lait macules and/or endocrinopathies. The clinical presentation, biochemical parameters and imaging were analysed. Seven patients received bisphosphonate therapy. The final outcome and side effects were noted. RESULTS Age of the patients ranged from 7 to 48 yr (mean ± SD, 24.2 ± 11.4 yr) with a lag time between onset of symptoms and presentation ranging from 1 to 20 yr (mean ± SD, 6.6 ± 6.2 yr). The mean duration of follow up was 3.5 ± 2.1 yr. Eighteen (72%) patients had polyostotic disease while the remaining had monostotic FD. Eight patients had endocrinopathies: five had acromegaly, one each had gonadotropin independent precocious puberty (GIPP), hyperthyroidism and hypophosphatemic rickets. One child with GIPP later developed hyperthyroidism. McCune Albright syndrome was observed in 10 (40%) patients. A majority of the patients underwent various minor or major surgical procedures and seven patients received bisphosphonates for recurrent pathological fractures. Bone pain was reduced in all bisphosphonate treated patients with a decrease in subsequent fractures. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS This series of FD patients from north India shows the varying presentations of this rare disease. Medical treatment with bisphosphonates appears to be potentially rewarding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India,Reprint requests: Dr Anil Bhansali, Professor & Head, Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India e-mail:
| | - Sambit Das
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ramanbir Singh
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R. Sen
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A. Agarwal
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - B.R. Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Nahar
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pinaki Dutta
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Niranjan Khandelwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
AIMS Various features have been described in the literature to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. The aim of the present study was to study the accuracy of each of these features and that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five consecutive patients presenting with neoplastic (both benign and malignant) lesions diagnosed clinically and on ultrasound were studied and their MRI features were compared with the findings on surgical exploration and histopathologic examination. RESULTS There were 32 (58%) benign and 23 (42%) malignant masses. Malignant masses were more common in patients older than 20 years (83%), and these had symptoms of less than 6 months duration (75%), as against benign lesions. The swelling was painful in 8 malignant masses and these were more common in the upper limbs (61%). Various features of malignant lesions were size more than 5 cm in 83%, change in signal intensity from homogenous on T1-weighted images to heterogenous on T2-weighted images in 74%, irregular margins in 74%, and heterogenous contrast enhancement in 91%. The accuracy of these features was 76%, 58%, 78%, and 60%, respectively. Most benign and malignant lesions were intramuscular in location. A significant number (38%) of benign lesions were located in the intermuscular facial plane. Definitive diagnosis was made in 42% of the lesions. CONCLUSIONS MRI is an excellent modality for evaluating soft tissue neoplasms; however, prediction of a specific diagnosis and differentiation of malignant and benign lesions is not always possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sen
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Pt. B.D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana- 124001, India
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Sen R, Gadagkar R. Natural history and behaviour of the primitively eusocial waspRopalidia marginata(Hymenoptera: Vespidae): a comparison of the two sexes. J NAT HIST 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00222931003615703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mukherjee S, Das P, Sivapathasekaran C, Sen R. Antimicrobial biosurfactants from marineBacillus circulans: extracellular synthesis and purification. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 48:281-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ghalaut PS, Sen R, Dixit G. Role of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in chemotherapy induced neutropenia. J Assoc Physicians India 2008; 56:942-944. [PMID: 19322972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past decade, there have been many clinical trials investigating the potential benefits of adjunctive therapy with colony stimulating factors (CSFs) both to ameliorate or prevent profound neutropenia and its potentially life threatening consequences. Neutropenia is the most common dose limiting side effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy. We decided to study the effect of same in our patients coming to haematology clinic. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To see the effect of G-CSF on severity of neutropenia following chemotherapy in patients of haematological malignancies and to see the effect of G-CSF on duration of hospitalization, documented infections and duration of fever as compared to control group in patients with neutropenia following chemotherapy in haematological malignancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty patients of acute leukemia were prospectively studied. Patients were given G-CSF 24.hours following chemotherapy induced neutropenia and following parameters were observed. (a) median time to ANC recovery (b) incidence and duration of fever (c) duration of hospitalization following chemotherapy (d) incidence of documented infections. The patients were given G-CSF until the neutrophil count was >1000/ml for 3 days or maximum of 7 days. RESULTS Mean age was 29.33 +/- 14 years in G-CSF group and 27.53 +/- 13.75 in control group. Mean duration of neutropenia was 11.4 days (p < 0.05) in G-CSF group and 15.8 days in control group. Mean duration of fever was 8.2 days in G-CSF group and 13.53 days in control group (p < 0.05). Mean duration of hospital stay was 21.33 days in G-CSF group and 25 days in control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that G-CSF administration is efficacious in chemotherapy induced neutropenia by decreasing the duration of neutropenia and duration of fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Ghalaut
- Department of Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak-124001
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Sen R, Pratap A, Agrawal A, Adhikary S, Pandey SR. Isolated accessory limb of lower eyelid with multiple dermal appendages. Singapore Med J 2008; 49:e93-e95. [PMID: 18418514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the first case in the English literature of an isolated occurrence of accessory limb with multiple dermal appendages in a ten-month-old boy. This condition presented at birth as a limb bud below the left eyelid, multiple dermal appendages in the adjacent part of the face below the left orbit and on the upper part of the face. No anomalies of the ocular structures or central nervous system were identified. Accessory limb with multiple dermal appendages, in the absence of a congenital cystic eye, is an extremely rare condition representing a benign aberration in the developing musculoskeletal system. We present the first of such a case and endeavour to explain the embryological basis behind it.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sen
- Department of Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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