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Kanagarajah P, Ekwenna O, Ayyathurai R, Burk GW, Ciancio G. Feasibility of renal transplantation after unroofing of a large renal cyst in an expanded criteria donor. Urol Ann 2013; 5:206-8. [PMID: 24049388 PMCID: PMC3764906 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7796.115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case in which a deceased donor kidney with a large simple cyst was successfully unroofed and transplanted to a 61-year-old male. The donor was a 62-year-old male with a history of hypertension for 2 years; cerebral vascular accident was the cause of death. A large 8-cm cyst distorting the renal hilum was identified upon the procurement of the deceased donor kidney. Prior to transplantation, the large cyst was unroofed from the allograft; the frozen section confirmed a benign cyst and the transplant was performed. Postoperatively, the serum creatinine level was 1.4 mg/ml at 22-month follow-up and the patient was normotensive. Deceased donor kidneys with giant cysts distorting the renal hilum can be effectively transplanted.
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Kanagarajah P, Ayyathurai R, Manoharan M, Narayanan G, Kava BR. Current concepts in the management of adrenal incidentalomas. Urol Ann 2012; 4:137-44. [PMID: 23248518 PMCID: PMC3519103 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7796.102657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenal tumors are among the commonest incidental findings discovered. The increased incidence of diagnosing adrenal incidentalomas is due to the widespread availability and use of noninvasive imaging studies. Extensive research has been conducted to define a cost-effective diagnostic and therapeutic protocol to guide physicians in managing incidental adrenal lesions. However, there is little consensus on the optimal management strategy. Published literature to date, describes a wide spectrum of treatment options ranging from excision of all adrenal lesions regardless of the size and functional status to extensive hormonal and radiological evaluation to avoid surgery. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the presentation, evaluation and management of adrenal incidentalomas. Additionally, we propose a management algorithm to optimally manage these tumors.
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Joshi S, Gorin MA, Ayyathurai R, Ciancio G. Development of a surgical safety checklist for the performance of radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy. Patient Saf Surg 2012; 6:27. [PMID: 23241448 PMCID: PMC3546874 DOI: 10.1186/1754-9493-6-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The surgical management of renal cell carcinoma with invasion of the renal vein or inferior vena cava is associated with significant rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. In this report we propose a surgical checklist aimed at reducing adverse events associated with the resection of these tumors. Methods This review describes the development of an evidence- and experience-based surgical checklist aimed at improving the perioperative safety of patients undergoing radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy. Results Reducing the risk of complications during the surgical management of renal tumors with venous invasion begins with appropriate pre-operative imaging aimed at defining the cranial extent of the tumor thrombus, thus facilitating accurate preoperative planning. Other key elements of the checklist are aimed at ensuring clear and precise pre-, intra- and postoperative communication between members of the multidisciplinary-care team. Conclusion A standardized surgical checklist may help to increase the perioperative safety of patients undergoing radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy. Future validation studies are required to determine the clinical feasibility and post-implementation safety profile of this new checklist.
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Abstract
The majority of patients with bladder cancer will be diagnosed following an episode of hematuria. With few exceptions, these patients should be referred for a complete urologic evaluation, including a history and physical examination, flexible cystoscopy, imaging of the upper urinary tract, and optional urine cytology. Those found to have a bladder tumor should undergo transurethral resection for the combined purposes of initial staging and treatment. Delays in diagnosing invasive bladder cancer are associated with adverse outcomes. In this review, we cover the diagnosis and management of bladder cancer. In addition, we discuss ways to improve outcomes through increased public awareness, improvements in tumor detection, accurate staging, and regimented patient surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Gorin
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Joshi S, Ayyathurai R, Satyanarayana R, Ciancio G. Important surgical considerations in the management of renal cell carcinoma (rcc) with inferior vena cava (ivc) tumour thrombus. BJU Int 2012; 110:E327-8; author reply E328. [PMID: 22954031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2012.10975_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kanagarajah P, Ayyathurai R, Lynne CM. Male infertility and adult polycystic kidney disease--revisited: case report and current literature review. Andrologia 2012; 44 Suppl 1:838-41. [PMID: 21950684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD) is one of the most common inherited disorders affecting one in 800-1000 live births. Extra-renal manifestation of APKD is not uncommon. Cysts involving the male and female reproductive system have been reported. However, fertility is affected only in male subjects. Among cysts involving the reproductive system, seminal vesicle cysts have been reported to be the most common. The effect of seminal vesicle cysts on male fertility has been controversial. Current literature reports that majority of men remain fertile. However, uraemia and its implications on fertility and abnormal semen parameters in men with seminal vesicle cysts must be taken into consideration. We herein present two patients with APKD with contrasting semen parameters and also review the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kanagarajah
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Ayyathurai R, Garcia-Roig M, Gorin MA, González J, Manoharan M, Kava BR, Soloway MS, Ciancio G. Bland thrombus association with tumour thrombus in renal cell carcinoma: analysis of surgical significance and role of inferior vena caval interruption. BJU Int 2012; 110:E449-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2012.11128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ayyathurai R, Joshi S, Ekwenna O, Sageshima J, Chen L, Burke G, Ciancio G. 2272 RHABDOMYOLYSIS WITH ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN DECEASED DONORS IS NOT A CONTRAINDICATION FOR KIDNEY DONATION. J Urol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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katkoori D, Eldefrawy A, Ayyathurai R, Manoharan M. V1885 ROBOTIC ASSISTED RADICAL CYSTECTOMY AND URINARY DIVERSION USING A MODIFIED PFANNENSTIEL INCISION. J Urol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ayyathurai R, Ekwenna O, Ciancio G. Re: Graft reconstruction of inferior vena cava for renal cell carcinoma stage pT3b or greater. (Urology 2011;78:838-843). Urology 2012; 79:486-7. [PMID: 22310770 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Soloway MS, Garcia-Roig M, Gorin MA, Ayyathurai R. How Can We Improve Outcomes for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma? Eur Urol 2012; 61:254-6; discussion 256-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Abstract
Upper urinary tract (UUT) transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is relatively rare tumor. Approximately 0.7-4% of patients with primary bladder cancer develops UUT-TCC. The symptoms related to an UUT-TCC often occur with an advanced stage which leads one to emphasize a surveillance strategy to monitor the UUT to allow for an earlier diagnosis. Although the risk of UUT-TCC after bladder cancer is well established, there is a paucity of recommendations suggesting the optimal method and frequency of monitoring the UUT and there is no consensus among them. This article reviews the recommendations on monitoring the UUT in patients with bladder cancer.
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Kanagarajah P, Ayyathurai R, Saleem U, Manoharan M. Small cell carcinoma arising from the bulbar urethra: a case report and literature review. Urol Int 2011; 88:477-9. [PMID: 22041867 DOI: 10.1159/000332154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the genitourinary tract are rare and aggressive tumors carrying a bad prognosis. With squamous cell and transitional cell carcinoma being the most commonly reported urethral malignancies, primary small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urethra is extremely rare. To date, only 5 cases have been reported in the literature. We present the first case of primary SCC occurring in the bulbar urethra in an 89-year-old male. We discuss the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of SCC of the urethra. Furthermore, we summarize the available literature and discuss the possible treatment options for this rare yet aggressive neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Kanagarajah
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fla., USA.
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Chi A, Shirodkar SP, Escudero DO, Ekwenna OO, Yates TJ, Ayyathurai R, Garcia-Roig M, Gahan JC, Manoharan M, Bird VG, Lokeshwar VB. Molecular characterization of kidney cancer: association of hyaluronic acid family with histological subtypes and metastasis. Cancer 2011; 118:2394-402. [PMID: 21887686 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular profiling of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) may improve the distinction between oncocytoma and malignant RCC subtypes and aid in early detection of metastasis. The hyaluronic acid (HA) family includes HA synthases (HAS1, HAS2, HAS3), hyaluronidases (HYAL-1, HYAL-2, HYAL-3, HYAL-4, PH20, HYAL-P1), and HA receptors (CD44s, CD44v, RHAMM). HA family members promote tumor growth and metastasis. The authors evaluated the expression of HA family members in kidney specimens. METHODS By using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, mRNA levels of 12 HA family members were measured in tumor specimens obtained from 86 consecutive patients undergoing nephrectomy; 80 of them also provided normal specimens. Mean and median follow-up were 15.2 ± 8.8 and 13.8 months. RCC specimens included clear cell RCC: 65; papillary: 10; chromophobe: 5; oncocytoma: 6; metastasis positive: 17. RESULTS Median HAS1, CD44s, and RHAMM transcript levels were elevated 3- to 25-fold in clear cell RCC and papillary and chromophobe tumors when compared with normal tissues. HYAL-4, CD44s, and RHAMM levels were elevated 4- to 12-fold in clear cell RCC and papillary tumors when compared with oncocytomas; only HYAL-4 levels distinguished between chromophobe and oncocytoma (P = .009). CD44s and RHAMM levels were significantly higher in tumors <4 cm (510 ± 611 and 19.6 ± 20.8, respectively) when compared with oncocytoma (46.4 ± 20 and 3.8 ± 2.5; P ≤ .006). In univariate and multivariate analyses, CD44s (P < .0001), RHAMM (P < .0001), stage, tumor size, and/or renal vein involvement were significantly associated with metastasis. The combined CD44s + RHAMM marker had 82% sensitivity and 86% specificity to predict metastasis. CONCLUSIONS CD44s and RHAMM levels distinguish between oncocytoma and RCC subtypes regardless of tumor size and are potential predictors of RCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chi
- Department of Urology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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Abstract
Androgen ablation is the mainstay treatment for advanced prostate cancer (PC). Researchers proposed that maximum androgen blockade (MAB) therapy with antiandrogen agent in combination with castration might result in a better outcome among patients with advanced PC. In the last two decades, numerous trials and pooled data analyses were conducted to optimize the role of MAB in the treatment of metastatic PC. Non-steroidal antiandrogens administered as part of MAB proved to have a small (3%) survival benefit, however, the magnitude of this difference is of questionable clinical significance. Available evidence suggests that MAB should not be routinely offered to patients with metastatic PC, however, it should remain a reasonable option when discussing management. The standard first line treatment should be a monotherapy, consisting of orchiectomy or LHRH agonist. MAB still has a role as a short-term therapy (2-4 weeks). The ongoing large sample population based prospective studies may add new dimensions in the use of MAB in treatment of the prostate cancer in future.
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Kava BR, Ayyathurai R, Soloway CT, Suarez M, Kanagarajah P, Murugesan M. Prospective randomized comparison of the safety, efficacy, and cosmetic outcome associated with mini-transverse and mini-longitudinal radical prostatectomy incisions. Indian J Urol 2011; 26:345-9. [PMID: 21116351 PMCID: PMC2978431 DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.70563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Open radical retropubic prostatectomy (ORP) has traditionally been performed through a lower midline incision. Prior efforts to reduce pain and expedite recovery include a variety of alterations in length and the orientation of the incision. The aim of our study is to compare the safety, efficacy, and cosmetic outcomes associated with transverse and longitudinal mini-radical prostatectomy incisions. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing ORP at a single institution were studied. Patients were randomized to receive either a modified transverse or longitudinal incision. In all patients, the length of the incision was 7cm. The following parameters were compared between the two groups: Perioperative blood loss, duration of surgery, technical factors, pain and analgesic requirements, length of hospital stay (LOS), and pathological stage. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to compare the cosmetic aspects associated with the incisions. Results: Fifty-six patients underwent a transverse (n=27) and longitudinal (n=29) mini- incision ORP. No significant differences were noted in the perioperative parameters that were compared (P>0.116). None of the patients required blood transfusion, there were no wound complications. Perioperative pain and analgesic requirements were not significantly different among the two study arms (P>0.433). The POSAS indicated no significant difference in cosmesis scores with both incisions (P>0.09). Conclusions: Seven-centimeter transverse and longitudinal mini-incisions offer alternatives to the standard ORP incision, and to minimally invasive approaches. Both incisions are safe, associated with little postoperative pain, and a short postoperative LOS. Both incisions provide highly satisfactory cosmesis for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce R Kava
- Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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Kanagarajah P, Ayyathurai R, Caruso DJ, Gomez C, Gousse AE. Role of botulinum toxin-A in refractory idiopathic overactive bladder patients without detrusor overactivity. Int Urol Nephrol 2011; 44:91-7. [PMID: 21643644 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-011-9979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy of intradetrusor botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) in idiopathic overactive bladder patients (OAB) refractory to anti-muscarinic therapy, without detrusor overactivity (DOA) on urodynamics. METHODS Patients with refractory idiopathic OAB without DOA on urodynamics were prospectively enrolled. Subjects completed a 3-day voiding diary (3-VD), urogenital distress inventory-6 questionnaire (UDI-6) and graded their quality of life on a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) prior to study enrollment and at week 12 postinjection. All patients underwent multichannel urodynamics at study enrollment and 12 weeks postinjection. Improvement was analyzed based on 3-VD, UDI-6 questionnaire, VAS scores, and urodynamic parameters at week 12 postinjection compared to study enrollment. RESULTS The study included 32 patients. Mean ± SD age was 56 ± 16. There were 27 women and 5 men. Nineteen patients had OAB without incontinence (OAB-dry) and 13 patients had OAB with incontinence (OAB-wet). In OAB-dry patients, mean ± SD urinary frequency dropped from 24 ± 11 to 10 ± 4 by week 12. In OAB-wet patients, mean ± SD urge incontinence episodes dropped from 7.9 ± 5 to 0 ± 2.6 by week 12. Mean UDI-6 and VAS scores improved significantly in both groups by week 12 (P = 0.0001). On comparing urodynamic parameters, OAB-wet patients showed significant decrease in maximum detrusor pressure during the voiding phase at week 12 compared to baseline values (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Refractory idiopathic OAB patients without DOA on urodynamics may benefit from intradetrusor BTX-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Kanagarajah
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, 1150 NW 14 Street, Suite 309, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Kava BR, Kanagarajah P, Ayyathurai R. Contemporary revision penile prosthesis surgery is not associated with a high risk of implant colonization or infection: a single-surgeon series. J Sex Med 2011; 8:1540-6. [PMID: 21366878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Revision penile prosthesis surgery has traditionally been associated with a greater risk of postoperative infection than primary implant placement. This has been attributed to the high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteria found surrounding the implant at the time of revision surgery. AIM To validate whether contemporary revision surgery remains associated with a high risk of asymptomatic colonization and postoperative infection. METHODS A comprehensive, prospective database consisting of consecutive patients undergoing primary and revision penile prosthesis surgery at our center was analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The infection risk in primary and revision implant surgery was compared. The prevalence of asymptomatic implant colonization during revision surgery, and whether this was associated with clinical infection was evaluated. The spectrum of bacterial species causing infection in this contemporary single-surgeon series was described. RESULTS One hundred seventeen primary and 72 revision implant recipients were studied. Infection developed in four (3.4%) patients undergoing primary implants, two (4.3%) patients undergoing removal and replacement for mechanical malfunction, and three (12%) patients undergoing rerouting for extrusion (P = 0.26). Intraoperative cultures were positive in 5 (9.8%) of 51 revision patients, none of whom developed infections. Organisms causing infection included Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter aerogenes. Unexpectedly, an adjuvant, alcohol-based skin prep in our last 83 patients reduced the infection risk to 1.2%. CONCLUSIONS In our series, the infection risk associated with revision of malfunctioning devices was no greater than primary implant placement. Rerouting was associated with a higher infection risk, likely due to technical factors, and not implant colonization. Less than 10% of our revision implants were colonized, and this had no bearing on the development of a postoperative infection. S. epidermidis was not the most common organism implicated in device infections. Finally, our experience with an adjuvant, alcohol-based skin prep warrants further randomized prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce R Kava
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE • To analyse if there is a trend in recent years towards performing radical cystectomy (RC) before muscle invasion or extravesical spread after failure of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for high grade Ta/T1 bladder cancer. Although BCG is indicated for prophylaxis after endoscopic tumour resection there is still a risk of progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS • A retrospective analysis of our RC database (1992-2008) was performed to identify patients who underwent RC after receiving BCG. • Relevant clinical and pathological data for the patients with clinical stage Ta, T1 and/or Tis at initial transurethral resection of bladder tumour were analysed. • Pathological stage and survival for patients undergoing RC from 2003 to 2007 (group 2) were compared with those for patients operated between 1992 and 2002 (group 1). RESULTS • A total of 152 patients were included (75 in group 2 and 77 in group 1). Both groups were similar in T-stage before BCG initiation, number of BCG cycles received and time interval to RC. • There was no change in the proportion of patients undergoing RC with ≥ pT2 bladder cancer in recent years (P= 0.5). • Fifty-two percent of group 2 and 43% of group 1 had ≥ pT2 BC. The 5-year survival was similar. CONCLUSIONS • Despite concerns about delay in performing RC for patients failing one or more courses of BCG we have not observed a trend towards a lower pathological stage for patients undergoing RC after BCG. • A high proportion of patients have muscle-invasive bladder cancer; more than 10% have lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Soloway
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
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Bird VG, Kanagarajah P, Morillo G, Caruso DJ, Ayyathurai R, Leveillee R, Jorda M. Differentiation of oncocytoma and renal cell carcinoma in small renal masses (<4 cm): the role of 4-phase computerized tomography. World J Urol 2010; 29:787-92. [PMID: 20717829 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-010-0586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigate the use of 4-phase computerized tomography with intravenous contrast to help distinguish oncocytoma from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in tumors <4 cm. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients who underwent surgical management for renal tumors <4 cm from 2005 to 2008. Patients who had pre-operative CT evaluation as per our institution's renal mass protocol and had confirmed pathological diagnosis of either oncocytoma or RCC were included in the study. Enhancement readings were obtained for the tumor and the renal cortex using the same slice simultaneously. RESULTS Our cohort involved 69 patients (46 men, 23 women; mean age 66) who presented with 79 renal masses. Histopathologically 40 were clear cell, 22 papillary, 5 chromophobe RCC and 12 oncocytoma. On the arterial, venous and delayed phase images, oncocytoma showed the highest mean enhancement change, i.e.,546, 396 and 239% followed by clear cell RCC 261, 261 and 174%, chromophobe RCC 147, 127 and 66% and papillary RCC 137, 184 and 118%, respectively. The enhancement pattern differed significantly on comparing oncocytoma with RCC (P < 0.007). The mean percentage contrast excreted at the end of the delayed phase was 33.3, 13.8, 32 and 53% for clear cell, papillary, chromophobe and oncocytoma, respectively. CONCLUSION The enhancement and washout values in Hounsfield units obtained by multiphasic CT scan aid in distinguishing oncocytoma from the commonly seen subtypes of RCC in renal masses <4 cm. This preliminary study demonstrates that arterial phase enhancement greater than 500% and washout values of greater than 50% are exclusively seen in renal oncocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent G Bird
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960 (M-814), Miami, FL 33101, USA.
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Caruso DJ, Kanagarajah P, Cohen BL, Ayyathurai R, Gomez C, Gousse AE. What is the predictive value of urodynamics to reproduce clinical findings of urinary frequency, urge urinary incontinence, and/or stress urinary incontinence? Int Urogynecol J 2010; 21:1205-9. [PMID: 20559620 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-010-1180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of urodynamics to reproduce clinical findings of urinary frequency (UF), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and/or stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients diagnosed with UF, UUI, and/or SUI and subsequently underwent urodynamics. Urodynamic findings were correlated with clinical findings to determine the predictive value of urodynamics. RESULTS A total of 537 patients (366 females and 171 males) met study criteria. Two hundred seventy-eight patients had symptoms of UUI; 59% demonstrated detrusor overactivity on urodynamics. Three hundred eight patients had SUI on history and physical examination; 45% had urodynamic stress incontinence. A low maximum cystometric capacity (<200 ml) was not significantly associated with urinary frequency (p = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS Urodynamics has a low predictive value to reproduce clinical findings of UF, UUI, and/or SUI. Many patients with evidence of UF, UUI, and/or SUI on history and/or physical examination do not demonstrate supporting urodynamic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Caruso
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, PO Box 016960 (M-814), Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Bird V, Kanagarajah P, Morillo G, Caruso D, Ayyathurai R, Leveillee R. 2005 DIFFERENTIATION OF ONCOCYTOMA AND RENAL CELL CARCINOMA IN SMALL RENAL MASSES (<4CM): THE ROLE OF 4 PHASE COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY. J Urol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kava B, Aziz M, Bird V, Katkoori D, Ayyathurai R, Ramanathan R, Manoharan M, Ciancio G, Soloway M, Leveillee R. 829 IMPACT OF BMI AND TUMOR LOCATION ON THE INCIDENCE OF BENIGN HISTOLOGY AT THE TIME OF NEPHRON- SPARING SURGERY FOR T1 RENAL MASSES. J Urol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, de Los Santos R, Nieder AM, Soloway MS. Presentation and outcome following radical cystectomy in Hispanics with bladder cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2009; 34:691-8; discussion 698. [PMID: 19111073 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382008000600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Significant racial and ethnic differences in the epidemiology of bladder cancer (BC) exist. Studies have shown African Americans to have lower incidence of bladder cancer than Caucasians, but higher incidence of invasive BC. Hispanics are the largest minority group in the United States. However, no reported studies on bladder cancer among Hispanics are available to date. As our center is in a unique position to study BC in Hispanic patients we were prompted to assess presentation and outcome of patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 1992 and May 2006, 448 RC were performed. All relevant data were collected and entered into a database. Patients were categorized by ethnicity as Hispanic and non-Hispanic White. African-American and other minority groups were excluded because of the small number. Comparative analysis of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients was performed. RESULTS 67 (17%) patients were Hispanic. Mean follow-up period was 41 (SD +/- 40) months. Clinical and pathological data between these two groups were compared. Pre-cystectomy T stage was not significantly different between both groups. However, after RC incidence of < or = T1 disease in Hispanics was lower (22%) than Caucasians (37%). This difference, statistically significant (P = 0.024) indicates that Hispanics who undergo RC present with higher stage disease. Kaplan-Meier log rank test indicated a difference in disease free survival and disease specific survival between the two groups but however it did not reach statistical significance (Log Rank P = 0.082, P = 0.063). No significant difference in overall survival was observed (P = 0.465). CONCLUSIONS Hispanic patients managed with RC for bladder carcinoma present with higher stage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Manoharan
- Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA.
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Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, Soloway MS. Radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: an analysis of perioperative and survival outcome. BJU Int 2009; 104:1227-32. [PMID: 19519764 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2009.08625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the outcomes in a large group of patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial cancer (UC) of the bladder, by one surgical team. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 504 patients had RC for UC of the bladder between 1992 and 2007; 432 met the inclusion criteria and were analysed for survival and disease recurrence. RESULTS Of the 432 patients, (mean age 69 years; mean follow-up 38 months, range 1-172), 240 (56%) and 179 (41%) had an ileal conduit and orthotopic neobladder for urinary diversion, respectively. The mortality rate within 30 days of RC was 2%; 105 (24%) patients developed local and/or distant recurrence with a mean interval of 13.6 months. The overall survival, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) at 5 years was 58%, 64% and 74%, respectively, and 43%, 62% and 68% at 10 years. The 5-year RFS and DSS for those with organ-confined, node-negative tumours was 81% and 91%, compared to 46% and 56% in those with extravesical extension and lymph node-negative tumours. The RFS and DSS of patients with lymph node metastasis at 5 years was 29% and 40%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study reaffirms that RC with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection offers a reasonable possibility of disease control at 5 years, with a DSS of 74%. However, there is a need for an earlier diagnosis and effective systemic therapy if additional gains in survival are to be delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Manoharan
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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Bird VG, Carey RI, Ayyathurai R, Bird VY. Management of renal masses with laparoscopic-guided radiofrequency ablation versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. J Endourol 2009; 23:81-8. [PMID: 19118475 DOI: 10.1089/end.2008.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Laparoscopic-guided radiofrequency ablation (LRFA) has been introduced as a minimally invasive nephron-sparing management option for renal tumors. Many patients who desire treatment present with multiple comorbidities, which poses a therapeutic challenge. Our purpose is to determine if multipass LRFA is comparable, in terms of surgical risk and immediate postoperative outcomes, to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study identified 36 and 33 patients who underwent LRFA and LPN, respectively. Perioperative demographic data, tumor characteristics, and follow-up data were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student t test and chi-square analysis. RESULTS Age, American Society of Anesthesiology score, and Charlson Comorbidity Index were significantly higher in the LRFA group than the LPN group (P < 0.001). Average tumor size was 2.8 cm and 3.1 cm for the LRFA and LPN groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in change between the preoperative and postoperative creatinine/glomerular filtration rate values or perioperative complication rates for the groups. Estimated blood loss and length of stay were significantly lower for the LRFA group than the LPN group (P < 0.05). Follow-up ranged 6 to 23 months and 6 to 58 months for the LRFA and the LPN groups, respectively. There has been no evidence of tumor recurrence in the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS We present our initial report comparing patients undergoing LRFA v LPN for the management of renal tumors. Our preliminary results with our experience with multipass laparoscopic-guided RFA demonstrate that this technique can be safely used in an elderly, higher risk population. Long-term follow-up is needed to determine oncologic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent G Bird
- Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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Kava BR, De Los Santos R, Ayyathurai R, Shirodkar S, Manoharan M, Soloway MS. CONTEMPORARY OPEN NEPHRON SPARING SURGERY IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIMINISHED PERIOPERATIVE MORBIDITY, DESPITE MORE CHALLENGING SURGERY. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)61337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ayyathurai R, Luongo T, Nieder AM, Manoharan M, Soloway MS. OUTCOMES OF pT0 AT RADICAL CYSTECTOMY WITHOUT NEOADJUVANT THERAPY. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ayyathurai R, Jayathillake A, Soloway CT, Soloway MS, Manoharan M. DOES NOCTURNAL INCONTINENCE AFFECT THE HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) IN PATIENTS WITH ORTHOTOPIC ILEAL NEOBLADDER? J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Sunkara R, Ayyathurai R, Nieder A, Manoharan M. Delayed local recurrence following radiation therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer emphasizing the need for lifelong surveillance: a case report. ScientificWorldJournal 2008; 8:166-8. [PMID: 18301817 PMCID: PMC5848628 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2008.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of 68 years old gentleman who developed a delayed local recurrence, 30 years following curative radiation treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer. This case emphasizes the importance of lifelong post treatment surveillance for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajitha Sunkara
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Ayyathurai R, Manoharan M, Nieder AM, Kava B, Soloway MS. Factors affecting erectile function after radical retropubic prostatectomy: results from 1620 consecutive patients. BJU Int 2008; 101:833-6. [PMID: 18190627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the return of erectile function in 1620 consecutive men after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), chosen by half of men diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer, and the goal of which is to completely excise the tumour while preserving continence and erectile function. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 1992 to October 2006, one surgeon performed RRP with a nerve-sparing technique where feasible. Men with erectile dysfunction before surgery, salvage RRPs, those not having a nerve-sparing procedure, neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy within 6 months of RRP and a follow-up of <6 months were excluded from the analyses. Erectile function was evaluated by the surgeon when possible or by an annual questionnaire. Potency was defined as erectile function sufficient for intercourse with or without a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor. RESULTS Of 619 men who had a bilateral and of 178 who had a unilateral nerve-sparing RRP, 72% and 53%, respectively, were potent. When stratifying by age groups (<or=49, 50-59, 60-69 and >or=70 years) potency rates were 86%, 76%, 58% and 37%, respectively. Potency was more common after bilateral than unilateral nerve-sparing RRP in all age groups (P < 0.001). Age, bilateral nerve-sparing (odds ratio 2.9) and surgeon experience were associated with potency in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Careful patient selection and meticulous surgical technique are essential to achieve the right balance between cancer control and morbidity. The patient's age, nerve-sparing RRP and the surgeon's experience were the significant predictors of return of potency after RRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinikanth Ayyathurai
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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Bostrom PJ, Soloway MS, Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, Samavedi S. Bladder cancer after radiotherapy for prostate cancer: detailed analysis of pathological features and outcome after radical cystectomy. J Urol 2007; 179:91-5; discussion 95. [PMID: 17997457 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.08.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We reviewed outcomes and features in patients with bladder cancer who underwent cystectomy and had a history of radiation for prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the University of Miami cystectomy database and identified 34 patients with a history of radiotherapy for prostate cancer. An age and stage matched control group was used to compare survival. Our entire male cystectomy population was used to compare clinicopathological features. RESULTS Mean age in the 34 patients with cystectomy was 75 years with a mean latency of 5 years from prostate cancer radiation. Radiotherapy was the primary treatment modality for prostate cancer in 32 of 34 patients and 2 received adjuvant radiation. Of the patients 86% received external beam radiation. Hematuria was the initial symptom in 86% of the cases. In 53% of the patients the initial diagnosis was muscle invasive bladder cancer. An ileal conduit was the method of urinary diversion in 33 cases. Major perioperative complications developed in 9% of the patients. There was 1 perioperative death, resulting in a mortality rate of 2.9%. Of the patients 54% presented with a locally advanced (pT3-4) tumor. Patients with a history of radiation therapy for prostate cancer had significantly poorer overall and bladder cancer specific survival than the matched control group. CONCLUSIONS Most bladder cancers in patients with a history of radiation for prostate cancer present as locally advanced tumors and patients have poorer survival than age and stage matched controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Bostrom
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Soloway MS, Soloway CT, Williams S, Ayyathurai R, Kava B, Manoharan M. Active surveillance; a reasonable management alternative for patients with prostate cancer: the Miami experience. BJU Int 2007; 101:165-9. [PMID: 17850361 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the outcome of patients diagnosed with 'low-risk' prostate cancer managed by active surveillance (AS). PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 157 men with localized prostate cancer were followed on AS. The inclusion criteria for AS included: Gleason score of < or = 6, a serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of < or = 15 ng/mL, stage < or = T2, low-volume disease and > 12 months of follow-up. The follow-up was rigorous, with PSA tests and a digital rectal examination every 3 months for 2 years, and a repeat biopsy 6-12 months after the initial diagnosis and yearly when indicated. Continuance of AS was based on the PSA doubling time, re-biopsy score, Gleason score, tumour volume, stage progression and patient preference. RESULTS In all 99 patients met the inclusion criteria; their mean age at diagnosis was 66 years, their mean PSA level 5.77 ng/mL and the mean follow-up 45.3 months. On initial repeat biopsy, 63% had no cancer and 34% had a Gleason sum of < or = 6. Eight patients were treated (three with hormones; five with curative intent); two had radical prostatectomy (one had pT2c pNO Gleason 7 disease); three had radiotherapy. The probability is that 85% would remain treatment-free at 5 years; no patient died from prostate cancer. The PSA doubling time and clinical stage at diagnosis were predictive of progression. CONCLUSION Patients who are followed on AS must be selected using narrowly defined inclusion criteria and closely followed with a standard regimen of PSA testing, digital rectal examination and repeat biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Soloway
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA.
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Ayyathurai R, Gomez P, Luongo T, Soloway MS, Manoharan M. Prostatic involvement by urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: clinicopathological features and outcome after radical cystectomy. BJU Int 2007; 100:1021-5. [PMID: 17784885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07171.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the long-term outcome of prostatic involvement in patients with bladder cancer (BC) treated with radical cystectomy (RC), as urothelial carcinoma (UC) involving the prostate occurs in such patients, and prostatic invasion by UC is by transmural invasion (contiguous), or when UC develops from the epithelium of the prostatic urethra (not contiguous). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1992 and 2006, 351 men had RC for BC by one surgeon at our centre; they were stratified into those with contiguous or non-contiguous disease, based on prostatic stromal involvement. Relevant clinical and pathological data were collected and the survival analysed. RESULTS In all, 24% (78/320) of the patients who had RC had prostatic involvement; 29 (9%) and 49 (15%) had contiguous and non-contiguous involvement, respectively. In the non-contiguous group, there was stromal and non-stromal UC involvement in 18 (37%) and 31 (63%), respectively. The overall 5-year survival of contiguous, non-contiguous and no prostatic involvement was 6%, 57% and 66% (P < 0.001). The 5-year overall survival of stromal and non-stromal UC was 26% and 74% (P = 0.008). There was no statistical difference in survival between contiguous and non-contiguous stromal involvement (P = 0.58). CONCLUSIONS Prostatic UC with no stromal involvement did not alter the survival predicted by the primary bladder stage. Stromal involvement of the prostate has a poor prognosis regardless of the mode of invasion.
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Ayyathurai R, Vyas S, Manoharan M, Luongo T, Soloway M. MP-18.08: Incidental prostatic neoplasia in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy: does it affect the overall prognosis? Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Manoharan M, Luongo T, Vyas S, Ayyathurai R, Soloway M. POS-03.59: Prospective randomized trial comparing transverse (pfannenstiel) and vertical incisions for patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, De Los Santos R, Soloway M, Ciancio G. POD-03.03: Surgical management and outcome of renal cell carcinoma with level III IVC thrombus: a single center experience. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, Nieder AM, Soloway MS. Modified Pfannenstiel approach for radical retropubic prostatectomy: a 3-year experience. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2007; 11:74-8. [PMID: 17440438 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A modified Pfannenstiel approach for radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) has been described previously. We present our experience with this approach for performing a RRP over the past 3 years. Between January 2003 and July 2006, 544 consecutive RRPs by modified Pfannenstiel approach between January 2003 and July 2006 were performed. We analyzed blood loss, transfusions, use of drain, pain score, analgesia and hospital stay. Patients were followed up at 6 weeks, three monthly for a year and six monthly thereafter. All clinical and operative variables were entered into a database and analyzed. A total of 544 men underwent RRP with median follow-up of 11 (s.d.+/-10.5) months. The mean age was 60 (s.d.+/-7) years. About 83, 91 and 95% of patients had nerve sparing, bladder neck preservation and a lymph node dissection, respectively. Fifty-three patients had a concurrent inguinal hernia repair through the same incision. Mean estimated blood loss was 431 (s.d.+/-267) ml. The pathological staging distribution was T2, 82%; T3a, 9%; and T3b, 9%. The mean pain score at days 1 and 7 were 3.7 (s.d.+/-2.5) and 3.3 (s.d.+/-3), respectively. The median hospital stay was 36 h (s.d.+/-24). About 5.5% have had biochemical recurrence. At 12 months 97% were continent and 46% potent. RRP using a modified Pfannenstiel approach offers safety and efficacy. It facilitates repair of associated inguinal hernia through the same incision.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Manoharan
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinikanth Ayyathurai
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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Ayyathurai R, Manoharan M, Nieder AM, Soloway MS. 558: Factors Affecting Potency Following Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: Results from 1620 Consecutive Patients. J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)30798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Luongo T, Ayyathurai R, Nieder AM, Manoharan M, Soloway MS. 1665: Lymphovascular Invasion in Bladder Cancer - Is it an Important Prognostic Indicator? J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Manoharan M, Vyas S, Ayyathurai R, Nieder AM, Soloway MS. 572: Radical Cystectomy in Octogenarian: Is Routine Post Operative Intensive Care Monitoring Necessary? J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)30812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Samavedi S, Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, Reyes MA, Soloway MS. 1517: Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer Secondary to Radiation for Carcinoma Prostate - IS it Associated with Poorer Prognosis? J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31718-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ayyathurai R, Manoharan M, Gomez P, Luongo T, Soloway MS. 1662: Contiguous and Non-Contiguous Prostatic Urethral Transitional Cell Carcinoma- does It Impact the Survival? J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Williams SK, Luongo T, Ayyathurai R, Manoharan M, Soloway MS. 1411: 10-Year Outcome after Radical Prostatectomy for Pathologic Gleason Score ≥ 8. J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R. Radical cystectomy for urothelial cancer of the bladder: contemporary advances. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 2007; 59:99-107. [PMID: 17431374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Radical cystectomy (RC) is an effective curative treatment for high grade and muscle invasive bladder cancer. Other treatments such as chemoradiation and transurethral resection of bladder tumor as monotherapy are generally not considered as effective as RC. RC is a major surgical procedure associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, over the last decade significant advances have been made in different aspects of RC, including perioperative care, instrumentation and surgical techniques which has dramatically improved the outcome following RC. Different approaches including open, laparoscopic and robotic approaches are used to perform a RC. Devices such as vascular staplers and ligasure have decreased the blood loss and the need for transfusion. In this article, we review relevant literature and discuss various advances made in an attempt to improve outcome following RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Manoharan
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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Manoharan M, Ayyathurai R, Nieder AM, Soloway MS. Hemospermia following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: a prospective study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2007; 10:283-7. [PMID: 17310259 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hemospermia is known to be associated with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PB). The true incidence of hemospermia, its duration and implications are not well established. We performed a prospective observational study involving patients undergoing TRUS-PB for suspected prostate cancer at our institution. Sixty-three eligible men were included in the study. Most men (84%) undergoing TRUS-PB, who were able to ejaculate, experienced hemospermia, which was associated with some degree of anxiety. The mean duration of hemospermia was 3.5 (+/-1.7) weeks. The number of ejaculations before the complete resolution of hemospermia was 8 (+/-6.7). None of the clinical and pathological factors was a significant predictor of the duration of hemospermia. Patients should be adequately counseled before TRUS-PB to avoid undue anxiety and alterations in sexual activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Manoharan
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
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Ayyathurai R, Webb DB, Rowland S, Stephenson TP, Thomas AJ. Humoral hypercalcemia of penile carcinoma. Urology 2007; 69:184.e9-10. [PMID: 17270652 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypercalcemia is a common life-threatening complication associated with several genitourinary malignancies. Parathyroid-related peptide has been shown to cause hypercalcemia in several solid tumors but rarely in penile cancer. We report a case of advanced penile cancer with hypercalcemia and associated dysphagia. Treatment is clinically challenging and should be definitive as soon as the patient has been stabilized. Serum calcium measurement can be used for monitoring the outcome and follow-up in such patients. Dysphagia is a rare but potential symptom of hypercalcemia, but additional studies are needed to prove this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinikanth Ayyathurai
- Bro Morgannwg National Health Systems Trust, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, United Kingdom.
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