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Engholm G, Lundberg FE, Kønig SM, Ólafsdóttir E, Johannesen TB, Pettersson D, Malila N, Mørch LS, Andersson AL, Friis S. TNM stage in the Nordic Cancer Registries 2004-2016: Registration and availability. Acta Oncol 2024; 63:303-312. [PMID: 38716485 DOI: 10.2340/1651-226x.2024.35232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stage at cancer diagnosis is an important predictor of cancer survival. TNM stage is constructed for anatomic solid cancer diagnoses from tumor size (T), nodal spread (N) and distant metastasis (M) and categorized in groups 0-I, II, II and IV. TNM stage is imperative in cancer diagnosis, management and control, and of high value in cancer surveillance, for example, monitoring of stage distributions. This study yields an overview of TNM availability and trends in stage distribution in the Nordic countries for future use in monitoring and epidemiologic studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS TNM information was acquired from the cancer registries in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Iceland during 2004-2016 for 26 cancer sites in the three former countries and four in Iceland. We studied availability, comparability, and distribution of TNM stage in three periods: 2004-2008, 2009-2013, and 2014-2016, applying a previously validated algorithm of 'N0M0 for NXMX'. For cancers of colon, rectum, lung, breast, and kidney, we examined TNM stage-specific 1-year relative survival to evaluate the quality in registration of TNM between countries. RESULTS Denmark, Sweden, and Iceland exhibited available TNM stage proportions of 75-95% while proportions were lower in Norway. Proportions increased in Sweden over time but decreased in Denmark. One-year relative survival differed substantially more between TNM stages than between countries emphasizing that TNM stage is an important predictor for survival and that stage recording is performed similarly in the Nordic countries. INTERPRETATION Assessment and registration of TNM stage is an imperative tool in evaluations of trends in cancer survival between the Nordic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerda Engholm
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Frida E Lundberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon M Kønig
- Danish Cancer Institute, Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - David Pettersson
- Swedish Cancer Registry, National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nea Malila
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lina S Mørch
- Danish Cancer Institute, Cancer and Medicine, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna L.V. Andersson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Institute, Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Johansson ALV, Kønig SM, Larønningen S, Engholm G, Kroman N, Seppä K, Malila N, Steig BÁ, Gudmundsdóttir EM, Ólafsdóttir EJ, Lundberg FE, Andersson TML, Lambert PC, Lambe M, Pettersson D, Aagnes B, Friis S, Storm H. Have the recent advancements in cancer therapy and survival benefitted patients of all age groups across the Nordic countries? NORDCAN survival analyses 2002-2021. Acta Oncol 2024; 63:179-191. [PMID: 38597666 DOI: 10.2340/1651-226x.2024.35094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the early 2000s, overall and site-specific cancer survival have improved substantially in the Nordic countries. We evaluated whether the improvements have been similar across countries, major cancer types, and age groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using population-based data from the five Nordic cancer registries recorded in the NORDCAN database, we included a cohort of 1,525,854 men and 1,378,470 women diagnosed with cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) during 2002-2021, and followed for death until 2021. We estimated 5-year relative survival (RS) in 5-year calendar periods, and percentage points (pp) differences in 5-year RS from 2002-2006 until 2017-2021. Separate analyses were performed for eight cancer sites (i.e. colorectum, pancreas, lung, breast, cervix uteri, kidney, prostate, and melanoma of skin). RESULTS Five-year RS improved across nearly all cancer sites in all countries (except Iceland), with absolute differences across age groups ranging from 1 to 21 pp (all cancer sites), 2 to 20 pp (colorectum), -1 to 36 pp (pancreas), 2 to 28 pp (lung), 0 to 9 pp (breast), -11 to 26 pp (cervix uteri), 2 to 44 pp (kidney), -2 to 23 pp (prostate) and -3 to 30 pp (skin melanoma). The oldest patients (80-89 years) exhibited lower survival across all countries and sites, although with varying improvements over time. INTERPRETATION Nordic cancer patients have generally experienced substantial improvements in cancer survival during the last two decades, including major cancer sites and age groups. Although survival has improved over time, older patients remain at a lower cancer survival compared to younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L V Johansson
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Simon M Kønig
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siri Larønningen
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gerda Engholm
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Kroman
- Department Breast Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital (Herlev/Gentofte), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karri Seppä
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nea Malila
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarni Á Steig
- National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | | | | | - Frida E Lundberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Therese M-L Andersson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul C Lambert
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Biostatistics Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Regional Cancer Center Mid-Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Pettersson
- Swedish Cancer Registry, National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bjarte Aagnes
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Storm
- Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Skriver C, Maltesen T, Dehlendorff C, Skovlund CW, Schmidt M, Sørensen HT, Friis S. Long-term aspirin use and cancer risk: a 20-year cohort study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:530-538. [PMID: 37966913 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term use of aspirin has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer risk, but the association remains inconclusive for individual noncolorectal cancers. We examined the association between long-term aspirin use and cancer risk in Denmark. METHODS Using nationwide registries, we followed individuals aged 40-70 years at baseline (January 1, 1997) for cancer diagnoses through 2018. We assessed low-dose (75-150 mg) aspirin use according to continuity, duration, and cumulative amount. In addition, we explored associations with consistent high-dose (500 mg) aspirin use. Using Cox regression, we estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with aspirin use for overall and site-specific cancer. RESULTS Among 1 909 531 individuals, 422 778 were diagnosed with cancer during mean follow-up of 18.2 years. Low-dose aspirin use did not reduce the hazard ratio for cancer overall irrespective of continuity and duration of use (continuous use: HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.06). However, long-term (≥5 or ≥10 years) use was associated with at least 10% reductions in hazard ratios for several cancer sites: colon, rectum, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, head and neck, brain tumors, meningioma, melanoma, thyroid, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia. Substantially elevated hazard ratios were found for lung and bladder cancer. In secondary analyses, consistent high-dose aspirin use was associated with reduced hazard ratios for cancer overall (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.85 to 0.93) and for several cancer sites. CONCLUSION Long-term low-dose aspirin use was associated with slight to moderately reduced risks for several cancers but not for cancer overall owing to increased risk for some common cancers. Similar or slightly stronger inverse associations were observed for consistent use of high-dose aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Maltesen
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Morten Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Pourhadi N, Meaidi A, Friis S, Torp-Pedersen C, Mørch LS. Menopausal hormone therapy and central nervous system tumors: Danish nested case-control study. PLoS Med 2023; 20:e1004321. [PMID: 38113227 PMCID: PMC10729984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of estrogen-containing menopausal hormone therapy has been shown to influence the risk of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. However, it is unknown how the progestin-component affects the risk and whether continuous versus cyclic treatment regimens influence the risk differently. METHODS AND FINDINGS Nested case-control studies within a nationwide cohort of Danish women followed for 19 years from 2000 to 2018. The cohort comprised 789,901 women aged 50 to 60 years during follow-up, without prior CNS tumor diagnosis, cancer, or contraindication for treatment with menopausal hormone therapy. Information on cumulative exposure to female hormonal drugs was based on filled prescriptions. Statistical analysis included educational level, use of antihistamines, and use of anti-asthma drugs as covariates. During follow-up, 1,595 women were diagnosed with meningioma and 1,167 with glioma. The median (first-third quartile) follow-up time of individuals in the full cohort was 10.8 years (5.0 years to 17.5 years). Compared to never-use, exposure to estrogen-progestin or progestin-only were both associated with increased risk of meningioma, hazard ratio (HR) 1.21; (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.06, 1.37] p = 0.005) and HR 1.28; (95% CI [1.05, 1.54] p = 0.012), respectively. Corresponding HRs for glioma were HR 1.00; (95% CI [0.86, 1.16] p = 0.982) and HR 1.20; (95% CI [0.95, 1.51] p = 0.117). Continuous estrogen-progestin exhibited higher HR of meningioma 1.34; (95% CI [1.08, 1.66] p = 0.008) than cyclic treatment 1.13; (95% CI [0.94, 1.34] p = 0.185). Previous use of estrogen-progestin 5 to 10 years prior to diagnosis yielded the strongest association with meningioma, HR 1.26; (95% CI [1.01, 1.57] p = 0.044), whereas current/recent use of progestin-only yielded the highest HRs for both meningioma 1.64; (95% CI [0.90, 2.98] p = 0.104) and glioma 1.83; (95% CI [0.98, 3.41] p = 0.057). Being an observational study, residual confounding could occur. CONCLUSIONS Use of continuous, but not cyclic estrogen-progestin was associated with increased meningioma risk. There was no evidence of increased glioma risk with estrogen-progestin use. Use of progestin-only was associated with increased risk of meningioma and potentially glioma. Further studies are warranted to evaluate our findings and investigate the influence of long-term progestin-only regimens on CNS tumor risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelsan Pourhadi
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amani Meaidi
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Lina S. Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Skriver C, Friis S, Knudsen LB, Catarig AM, Clark AJ, Dehlendorff C, Mørch LS. Potential preventive properties of GLP-1 receptor agonists against prostate cancer: a nationwide cohort study. Diabetologia 2023; 66:2007-2016. [PMID: 37532786 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been suggested to possess antineoplastic properties against prostate cancer. We examined the association between GLP-1RA use and prostate cancer risk in a real-world setting. METHODS We performed a nationwide register-based cohort study using an active-comparator, new-user design. We included all men in Denmark aged ≥50 years who commenced use of GLP-1RAs or basal insulin during 2007-2019. HRs and 95% CIs for incident prostate cancer were estimated using multivariable Cox regression in 'intention-to-treat' (ITT)- and 'per-protocol'-like analyses. RESULTS Among 14,206 initiators of GLP-1RAs and 21,756 initiators of basal insulin, we identified 697 patients with prostate cancer during a mean follow-up period of about 5 years from initiation of the study drugs. In comparison with basal insulin use, GLP-1RA use was associated with an adjusted HR of 0.91 (95% CI 0.73, 1.14) in the 'ITT' analysis and 0.80 (95% CI 0.64, 1.01) in the 'per-protocol' analysis. Stronger inverse associations were seen among older men (≥70 years) ('ITT' HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.38, 0.82; 'per-protocol' HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.30, 0.74), and in patients with CVD ('ITT' HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.53, 1.06; 'per-protocol' HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39, 0.91). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION GLP-1RA use was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk compared with use of basal insulin in the 'per-protocol' analysis. Older men and patients with CVD exhibited stronger inverse associations in both the 'ITT' and 'per-protocol' analyses. Our results may indicate that GLP-1RA use could protect against prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Skriver
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lina S Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Pourhadi N, Meaidi A, Friis S, Torp-Pedersen C, Mørch LS. Central nervous system tumours among users of vaginal oestradiol tablets: A nationwide population-based study. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:2811-2820. [PMID: 37309803 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is currently unknown whether vaginal oestradiol is associated with development of meningioma and glioma. The aim of this study was to examine associations between cumulative use and treatment intensity of vaginally administered oestradiol tablets and incidence of meningioma and glioma in a nationwide, population-based study. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study within a nationwide cohort of Danish women followed from 2000 to 2018. The cohort consisted of 590,676 women aged 50-60 years at study start, without prior cancer diagnosis or use of systemic hormone therapy. Information on cumulative dose, duration, and intensity of vaginal oestradiol tablet use was assessed from filled prescriptions. Conditional logistic regression provided adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between vaginal oestradiol use and diagnosis of meningioma or glioma. RESULTS We identified 1108 women with meningioma and 835 with glioma. Of these, 19.8% and 14.0% used vaginal oestradiol tablets, respectively. The HRs in those with ever-use of vaginal oestradiol tablets was 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-1.34) for meningioma and 0.90 (95% CI 0.73-1.11) for glioma. The corresponding HRs for new users exclusively were 1.18 (95% CI 0.99-1.40) for meningioma and 0.89 (95% CI 0.71-1.13) for glioma. Intensity of vaginal oestradiol tablet use according to duration and user status yielded slightly elevated HRs for meningioma without an apparent dose-response pattern, while the HRs for glioma were generally below unity. Among new users, the HR with high intensity of current or recent vaginal oestradiol tablet use for 2+ years was 1.66 (95% CI 1.09-2.55) for meningioma and 0.77 (95% CI 0.41-1.44) for glioma. CONCLUSION Use of vaginal oestradiol tablets was associated with a slightly increased incidence of meningioma but not of glioma. Owing to the observational nature of the study, residual bias cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelsan Pourhadi
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amani Meaidi
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Lina S Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bazzone A, Barthmes M, George C, Brinkwirth N, Zerlotti R, Prinz V, Cole K, Friis S, Dickson A, Rice S, Lim J, Fern Toh M, Mohammadi M, Pau D, Stone DJ, Renger JJ, Fertig N. A Comparative Study on the Lysosomal Cation Channel TMEM175 Using Automated Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp, Lysosomal Patch-Clamp, and Solid Supported Membrane-Based Electrophysiology: Functional Characterization and High-Throughput Screening Assay Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12788. [PMID: 37628970 PMCID: PMC10454728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The lysosomal cation channel TMEM175 is a Parkinson's disease-related protein and a promising drug target. Unlike whole-cell automated patch-clamp (APC), lysosomal patch-clamp (LPC) facilitates physiological conditions, but is not yet suitable for high-throughput screening (HTS) applications. Here, we apply solid supported membrane-based electrophysiology (SSME), which enables both direct access to lysosomes and high-throughput electrophysiological recordings. In SSME, ion translocation mediated by TMEM175 is stimulated using a concentration gradient at a resting potential of 0 mV. The concentration-dependent K+ response exhibited an I/c curve with two distinct slopes, indicating the existence of two conducting states. We measured H+ fluxes with a permeability ratio of PH/PK = 48,500, which matches literature findings from patch-clamp studies, validating the SSME approach. Additionally, TMEM175 displayed a high pH dependence. Decreasing cytosolic pH inhibited both K+ and H+ conductivity of TMEM175. Conversely, lysosomal pH and pH gradients did not have major effects on TMEM175. Finally, we developed HTS assays for drug screening and evaluated tool compounds (4-AP, Zn as inhibitors; DCPIB, arachidonic acid, SC-79 as enhancers) using SSME and APC. Additionally, we recorded EC50 data for eight blinded TMEM175 enhancers and compared the results across all three assay technologies, including LPC, discussing their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Bazzone
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Maria Barthmes
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Cecilia George
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Nina Brinkwirth
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Rocco Zerlotti
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
- RIGeL-Regensburg International Graduate School of Life Sciences, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Prinz
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Kim Cole
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Søren Friis
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Alexander Dickson
- SB Drug Discovery, West of Scotland Science Park, Glasgow G20 0XA, UK; (A.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Simon Rice
- SB Drug Discovery, West of Scotland Science Park, Glasgow G20 0XA, UK; (A.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Jongwon Lim
- Cerevel Therapeutics, 222 Jacobs St, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA; (J.L.); (M.F.T.); (D.J.S.); (J.J.R.)
| | - May Fern Toh
- Cerevel Therapeutics, 222 Jacobs St, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA; (J.L.); (M.F.T.); (D.J.S.); (J.J.R.)
| | | | - Davide Pau
- SB Drug Discovery, West of Scotland Science Park, Glasgow G20 0XA, UK; (A.D.); (S.R.)
| | - David J. Stone
- Cerevel Therapeutics, 222 Jacobs St, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA; (J.L.); (M.F.T.); (D.J.S.); (J.J.R.)
| | - John J. Renger
- Cerevel Therapeutics, 222 Jacobs St, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA; (J.L.); (M.F.T.); (D.J.S.); (J.J.R.)
| | - Niels Fertig
- Nanion Technologies, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339 Munich, Germany (V.P.); (S.F.)
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8
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Johansson AL, Skog A, Johannesen TB, Myklebust TÅ, Skovlund CW, Mørch LS, Friis S, Gamborg M, Kristiansen MF, Pettersson D, Ólafsdóttir EJ, Birgisson H, Palsson R, Eythorsson E, Irenaeus S, Lambe M, Ursin G. Were cancer patients worse off than the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic? A population-based study from Norway, Denmark and Iceland during the pre-vaccination era. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2023; 31:100680. [PMID: 37547277 PMCID: PMC10398597 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Background In a population-based setting, we investigated the risks of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and developing severe COVID-19 outcomes among cancer patients compared with the general population. Methods In nationwide cohorts, we identified all individuals in Norway, Denmark and Iceland who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 or had a severe COVID-19 outcome (hospitalisation, intensive care, and death) from March until December 2020, using data from national health registries. We estimated standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing cancer patients with the general population. Findings During the first wave of the pandemic, cancer patients in Norway and Denmark had higher risks of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive compared to the general population. Throughout 2020, recently treated cancer patients were more likely to test SARS-CoV-2 positive. In Iceland, cancer patients experienced no increased risk of testing positive. The risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation was higher among cancer patients diagnosed within one year of hospitalisation (Norway: SIR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.89-3.09; Denmark: 2.23, 1.96-2.54) and within five years (Norway: 1.58, 1.35-1.83; Denmark: 1.54, 1.42-1.66). Risks were higher in recently treated cancer patients and in those diagnosed with haematologic malignancies, colorectal or lung cancer. Risks of COVID-19-related intensive care and death were higher among cancer patients. Interpretation Cancer patients were at increased risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the first pandemic wave when testing availability was limited, while relative risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes remained increased in cancer patients throughout 2020. Recent cancer treatment and haematologic malignancy were the strongest risk factors. Funding Nordic Cancer Union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L.V. Johansson
- Cancer Registry of Norway, P.O. Box 5313 Majorstuen, Oslo N-0304, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 281, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Anna Skog
- Cancer Registry of Norway, P.O. Box 5313 Majorstuen, Oslo N-0304, Norway
| | | | - Tor Åge Myklebust
- Cancer Registry of Norway, P.O. Box 5313 Majorstuen, Oslo N-0304, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Charlotte Wessel Skovlund
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Lina Steinrud Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Mads Gamborg
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Marnar Fríðheim Kristiansen
- Center of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - David Pettersson
- National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm SE-106 30, Sweden
| | - Elínborg J. Ólafsdóttir
- ICS Research and Registration Center, Icelandic Cancer Society, P.O. Box 5420, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Helgi Birgisson
- ICS Research and Registration Center, Icelandic Cancer Society, P.O. Box 5420, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Runolfur Palsson
- Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Saemundargata 2, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Elias Eythorsson
- Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Saemundargata 2, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sandra Irenaeus
- Regional Cancer Center Central Sweden, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 281, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
- Regional Cancer Center Central Sweden, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
| | - Giske Ursin
- Cancer Registry of Norway, P.O. Box 5313 Majorstuen, Oslo N-0304, Norway
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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9
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Vilmar A, Dehlendorff C, Friis S, Jäättelä M, Tvingsholm S, Frederiksen H. Increased mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:1451-1457. [PMID: 37293759 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2216324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Proton Pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently prescribed to cancer patients to prevent gastric mucosal damage. Post-diagnostic PPI use in patients with solid tumors may be associated with increased cancer mortality. However, the hazardous impact of PPIs in patients with hematologic malignancies remains unknown. This association was investigated in a large, retrospective cohort study using data from the Danish nationwide health registries. The outcomes were cancer-specific or non-cancer deaths. We identified 15,320 patients with hematologic malignancies and of these 1811 were identified as post-diagnostic PPI users. PPI users had significantly increased HRs for cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18-1.44) and 1-year cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.29-1.74) as compared to nonusers. The association between PPI use and increased cancer-specific mortality in Danish patients with hematologic malignancies supports the raised concerns regarding the frequent use of PPIs in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Vilmar
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siri Tvingsholm
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Frederiksen
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Demark, Odense, Denmark
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10
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Engholm G, Lundberg FE, Kønig SM, Ólafsdóttir E, Johannesen TB, Pettersson D, Mørch LS, Johansson ALV, Friis S. Influence of various assumptions for the individual TNM components on the TNM stage using Nordic cancer registry data. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:215-222. [PMID: 36961761 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2189528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stage at diagnosis is one of the most important predictors for cancer survival. TNM stage is constructed from T (tumor size), N (nodal spread), and M (distant metastasis) components. In many notifications to cancer registries, TNM information is incomplete with unknown N and/or M. We aimed to evaluate the influence of various assumptions for recoding missing N (NX) and M (MX) as N0 and M0 on the proportion with available TNM stage, stage-distribution, and stage-specific relative survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS We identified 140,201 patients diagnosed with incident cancer of the colon, rectum, lung, breast, or kidney during 2014-2016 in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, or Iceland. Information on TNM were obtained from cancer registry records used for an update of the Nordic cancer statistics database NORDCAN. Patients were followed for death or emigration through 2017. We calculated proportions of available TNM stage, stage distribution, and stage-specific relative survival under different approaches for each cancer site and country. RESULTS Application of the assumptions yielded higher numbers of cases with available TNM stage for stages 0-I, II, and III. We observed only minor differences in stage-specific one-year relative survival when applying N0M0 for missing N and M, especially for high completeness of TNM registrations, whereas relative survival for remaining cases with missing TNM stage declined substantially. CONCLUSION We found no major changes in stage-specific one-year relative survival applying N0M0 for NXMX. We conclude that complete TNM information is preferable to making assumptions, but it seems reasonable to consider assuming N0M0 for missing N and M in future studies based on the Nordic cancer registries. An automatic algorithm, though, is not recommended without considering potential area-specific reasons for frequent use of NX and MX. Clinicians should be urged to report complete TNM information to improve surveillance of the TNM stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerda Engholm
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frida E Lundberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon M Kønig
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - David Pettersson
- Swedish Cancer Registry, National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lina S Mørch
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna L V Johansson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Solmunde E, Pedersen RN, Nørgaard M, Mellemkjær L, Friis S, Ejlertsen B, Ahern TP, Cronin-Fenton D. Abstract P4-03-02: Low-dose aspirin prescriptions and breast cancer recurrence: a Danish nationwide cohort study with up to 23 years of follow-up. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background Low-dose aspirin irreversibly inhibits the cyclooxygenase enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, which catalyze the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes, inhibiting platelet aggregation. Platelets are thought to play a role in tumorigenesis. As such, aspirin may have a beneficial effect on breast cancer prognosis, but results to date are conflicting. Objectives To evaluate the association between aspirin use and breast cancer recurrence up to 23 years after primary diagnosis. Methods We included all women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer during 1996-2004 registered in the Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) clinical database. We obtained information on aspirin prescriptions (>= 2 prescriptions filled between cancer diagnosis and the landmark) from the Danish National Prescription Registry. Information on early and late (>10 years after primary diagnosis) recurrence was obtained using the DBCG database (for recurrence within the first 10 years after diagnosis) and for late recurrence via a previously described and validated algorithm, drawing on data from the Danish National Patient Registry, the Danish Pathology Registry, the Danish Cancer Registry and a contralateral breast cancer database. We used Cox regression to compute crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) employing landmark analyses starting follow-up at years 5, 10, 15, and 20 after primary diagnosis. We adjusted for potential confounders including calendar year of diagnosis, menopausal status, comorbidities, estrogen receptor status, clinical stage, grade, surgery type, chemo- and endocrine therapy, diagnostic codes for alcoholism and obesity, as well as co-medications (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, statins, bisphosphonates, metformin, digoxin, hormone replacement therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and vitamin K antagonists). We followed patients until recurrence, death, second cancer, loss to follow-up, or 31 December 2018. Results Among 21,684 women with non-metastatic breast cancer, 4,902 experienced recurrence during 242,427 person-years of follow-up. Our landmark analyses showed a reduced hazard of recurrence in the 5-, 10-, and 15-year landmark cohorts (5-year landmark adjusted HR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.68, 0.94; 10-year landmark adjusted HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71, 1.00, 15-year landmark adjusted HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.61, 1.14). The 20-year landmark analysis revealed an adjusted HR of 1.09 (95% CI = 0.49, 2.46). Conclusions The potential anti-cancer effect of aspirin appears most pronounced in the first 15 years after breast cancer diagnosis. Funding Elisabeth Solmunde is funded by the Danish Cancer Society (R320-A18464-B5768) and the Independent Research Fund Denmark (1149-00013B). This work was supported by grants to Deirdre Cronin-Fenton from the Danish Cancer Society (“Knæk Cancer” R147-A10100).
Citation Format: Elisabeth Solmunde, Rikke N Pedersen, Mette Nørgaard, Lene Mellemkjær, Søren Friis, Bent Ejlertsen, Thomas P. Ahern, Deirdre Cronin-Fenton. Low-dose aspirin prescriptions and breast cancer recurrence: a Danish nationwide cohort study with up to 23 years of follow-up [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Solmunde
- 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Midtjylland, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Søren Friis
- 5Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas P. Ahern
- 7Department of Surgery, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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12
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Rapedius M, Obergrussberger A, Humphries ESA, Scholz S, Rinke-Weiss I, Goetze TA, Brinkwirth N, Rotordam MG, Strassmaier T, Randolph A, Friis S, Liutkute A, Seibertz F, Voigt N, Fertig N. There is no F in APC: Using physiological fluoride-free solutions for high throughput automated patch clamp experiments. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:982316. [PMID: 36072300 PMCID: PMC9443850 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.982316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoride has been used in the internal recording solution for manual and automated patch clamp experiments for decades because it helps to improve the seal resistance and promotes longer lasting recordings. In manual patch clamp, fluoride has been used to record voltage-gated Na (NaV) channels where seal resistance and access resistance are critical for good voltage control. In automated patch clamp, suction is applied from underneath the patch clamp chip to attract a cell to the hole and obtain a good seal. Since the patch clamp aperture cannot be moved to improve the seal like the patch clamp pipette in manual patch clamp, automated patch clamp manufacturers use internal fluoride to improve the success rate for obtaining GΩ seals. However, internal fluoride can affect voltage-dependence of activation and inactivation, as well as affecting internal second messenger systems and therefore, it is desirable to have the option to perform experiments using physiological, fluoride-free internal solution. We have developed an approach for high throughput fluoride-free recordings on a 384-well based automated patch clamp system with success rates >40% for GΩ seals. We demonstrate this method using hERG expressed in HEK cells, as well as NaV1.5, NaV1.7, and KCa3.1 expressed in CHO cells. We describe the advantages and disadvantages of using fluoride and provide examples of where fluoride can be used, where caution should be exerted and where fluoride-free solutions provide an advantage over fluoride-containing solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rapedius
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Markus Rapedius,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aiste Liutkute
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells”, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fitzwilliam Seibertz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells”, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells”, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Duun-Henriksen AK, Dehlendorff C, Røder MA, Skriver C, Pottegård A, Friis S, Brasso K, Larsen SB. Prescription rates for drugs used in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction before and after prostate cancer diagnosis. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:931-938. [PMID: 35666094 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2022.2082886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptoms and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or erectile dysfunction (ED) may lead to prostate cancer workup, and patterns of prescriptions before diagnosis may affect findings of pharmacoepidemiological studies. Usage of BPH and ED drugs after diagnosis may be related to prostate cancer treatment. We investigated differences in prescription rates of BPH and ED drugs among prostate cancer patients and cancer-free comparisons and between patients with localized and non-localized disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS A nationwide register-based study, including all Danish men aged 50-85 years diagnosed with prostate cancer during 1998-2015 and an age-matched comparison cohort without cancer. We calculated rates of new and total prescriptions in 1-month intervals from 3 years before to 3 years after cancer diagnosis for drugs used to treat BPH and ED, overall and stratified by clinical stage. RESULTS We identified 54,286 men with prostate cancer and a comparison cohort of 249,645 age-matched men. The new prescription rate for BPH drugs increased for men with prostate cancer in the year before diagnosis and peaked 1 month before diagnosis with an 18-fold higher rate. Men with prostate cancer had a higher total prescription rate of BPH drugs 3 years before diagnosis, notably among men with localized disease. Before diagnosis, the new prescription rates for ED drugs were similar among men with prostate cancer and comparisons. After diagnosis, men with prostate cancer had a 7-fold higher rate of new prescriptions for ED drugs. Among men with localized disease, the total prescription rate of ED drugs increased in the months following diagnosis. CONCLUSION Differences in prescription rates suggest increased prostate cancer surveillance among men receiving BPH drugs, whereas the post-diagnostic increase in ED drugs among men with localized disease is compatible with the increased risk of ED following prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Katrine Duun-Henriksen
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Andreas Røder
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Skriver
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Benzon Larsen
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Survivorship and Inequality in Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Kristensen KB, Friis S, Lund LC, Hallas J, Cardwell CR, Andreassen BK, Habel LA, Pottegård A. Identification of Drug-Cancer Associations: A Nationwide Screening Study. Cancer Res Commun 2022; 2:552-560. [PMID: 36923552 PMCID: PMC10010324 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main tool in drug safety monitoring, spontaneous reporting of adverse effects, is unlikely to detect delayed adverse drug effects including cancer. Hypothesis-free screening studies based on administrative data could improve ongoing drug safety monitoring. Using Danish health registries, we conducted a series of case-control studies by identifying individuals with incident cancer in Denmark from 2001 to 2018, matching each case with 10 population controls on age, sex, and calendar time. ORs were estimated using conditional logistic regression accounting for matching factors, educational level, and selected comorbidities. A total of 13,577 drug-cancer associations were examined for individual drugs and 8,996 for drug classes. We reviewed 274 drug-cancer pairs where an association with high use and a cumulative dose-response pattern was present. We classified 65 associations as not readily attributable to bias of which 20 were established as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the remaining 45 associations may warrant further study. The screening program identified drugs with known carcinogenic effects and highlighted a number of drugs that were not established as carcinogens and warrant further study. The effect estimates in this study should be interpreted cautiously and will need confirmation targeted epidemiologic and translational studies. Significance This study provides a screening tool for drug carcinogenicity aimed at hypothesis generation and explorative purposes. As such, the study may help to identify drugs with unknown carcinogenic effects and, ultimately, improve drug safety as part of the ongoing safety monitoring of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Bruun Kristensen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Christian Lund
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hallas
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chris R. Cardwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Laurel A. Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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15
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Skovlund CW, Friis S, Christensen J, Nilbert MC, Mørch LS. Drop in cancer diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark: assessment of impact during 2020. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:658-661. [PMID: 35020549 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.2024879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Wessel Skovlund
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Christensen
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mef Christina Nilbert
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Hvidovre Hospital, Clinical Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lina Steinrud Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Johansson AL, Larønningen S, Skovlund CW, Kristiansen MF, Mørch LS, Friis S, Johannesen TB, Myklebust TÅ, Skog A, Pettersson D, Birgisson H, Virtanen A, Malila N, Pitkäniemi J, Tanskanen T, Tryggvadóttir L, Ursin G, Lambe M. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer diagnosis based on pathology notifications: A comparison across the Nordic countries during 2020. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:381-395. [PMID: 35419824 PMCID: PMC9087674 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent mitigation strategies have varied across the Nordic countries. In a joint Nordic population-based effort, we compared patterns of new cancer cases and notifications between the Nordic countries during 2020. We used pathology notifications to cancer registries in Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden to determine monthly numbers of pathology notifications of malignant and in-situ tumors from January to December 2020 compared to 2019 (2017-2019 for Iceland and the Faroe Islands). We compared new cancer cases per month based on unique individuals with pathology notifications. In April and May 2020, the numbers of new malignant cases declined in all Nordic countries, except the Faroe Islands, compared to previous year(s). The largest reduction was observed in Sweden (May: -31.2%, 95% CI -33.9, -28.3), followed by significant declines in Finland, Denmark and Norway, and a non-significant decline in Iceland. In Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland the reporting rates during the second half of 2020 rose to almost the same level as in 2019. However, in Sweden and Finland, the increase did not compensate for the spring decline (annual reduction -6.2% and -3.6%, respectively). Overall, similar patterns were observed for in-situ tumors. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a decline in rates of new cancer cases in Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Norway, with the most pronounced reduction in Sweden. Possible explanations include the severity of the pandemic, temporary halting of screening activities and changes in healthcare seeking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lv Johansson
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Marnar Fríðheim Kristiansen
- Center of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.,National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Lina Steinrud Mørch
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tor Åge Myklebust
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Research and Innovation, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Anna Skog
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Helgi Birgisson
- Cancer Registry of Iceland, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anni Virtanen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nea Malila
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Pitkäniemi
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland.,Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomas Tanskanen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laufey Tryggvadóttir
- Cancer Registry of Iceland, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Giske Ursin
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Regional Cancer Center Central Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Mørch LS, Friis S, Meaidi A, Dehlendorff C, Skovlund CW, Duun-Henriksen AK. Hormonal contraception use before and after breast cancer diagnosis: A nationwide drug utilization study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2022; 31:706-709. [PMID: 35320606 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the use of hormonal contraceptives in Danish breast cancer patients. METHODS Nationwide drug utilization study in Danish women diagnosed with breast cancer at ages 13-50 years during 2000-2015. User proportions were estimated in 6-months intervals from two years before to two years after diagnosis. RESULTS Use of hormonal contraceptives declined sharply after breast cancer diagnosis. Still, 7% of patients aged 13-39 years filled hormonal contraceptive prescriptions within 6 months after the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The majority of premenopausal breast cancer patients discontinues hormonal contraception at diagnosis. All prescribers of hormonal contraceptives should acknowledge that hormonal contraception is contraindicated for breast cancer patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Steinrud Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amani Meaidi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Wessel Skovlund
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Katrine Duun-Henriksen
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Tybjerg AJ, Friis S, Brown K, Nilbert MC, Morch L, Køster B. Updated fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in Denmark in 2018. Sci Rep 2022; 12:549. [PMID: 35017625 PMCID: PMC8752838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures and avoidable risk factors account for a large proportion of cancer burden. Exposures and lifestyle vary over time and between populations, which calls for updated and population-specific quantification of how various avoidable risk factors influence cancer risk to plan and design rational and targeted prevention initiatives. The study considered 12 risk-factor groups categorized as class I carcinogens by IARC/WCRF. Exposure data was derived from national studies and surveys and were linked to cancer incidence in 2018 based on the nationwide Danish Cancer Registry. In 2018, 23,078 men and 21,196 women were diagnosed with cancer excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, in Denmark. Of these, 14,235 (32.2%) were estimated to be attributable to avoidable class I carcinogens. Tobacco smoking accounted for 14.6% of total cancers, followed by UV-radiation that accounted for 5.8%. Based on exposure data from 2008, one-third of the cancers in Denmark in 2018 are estimated to be caused by class I carcinogens with tobacco use being the main contributor followed by UV-radiation. Our results should be integrated with public health policies to effectively increase awareness and promote strategies to decrease risk factor exposures at population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Julie Tybjerg
- Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Katrina Brown
- Cancer Intelligence Team, Cancer Research UK, London, UK
| | - Mef Christina Nilbert
- Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lina Morch
- Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Brian Køster
- Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. .,Cancer Prevention and Information, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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19
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Larsen SB, Dehlendorff C, Skriver C, Pottegård A, Friis S, Røder MA, Brasso K, Duun-Henriksen AK. Prescription rates for commonly used drugs before and after a prostate cancer diagnosis. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:417-428. [PMID: 35006514 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate differences in prescription rates of commonly used drugs among prostate cancer patients and cancer-free comparisons and between patients diagnosed with localized and non-localized disease. METHODS We conducted a register-based study including all men aged 50-85 years diagnosed with prostate cancer in Denmark from 1998 to 2015 and an age-matched cancer-free comparison cohort. We calculated the number of new and total prescriptions from three years before to three years after the date of diagnosis of the case for selected drug classes divided by the number of person-months and stratified by stage at diagnosis. RESULTS We included 54,286 prostate cancer patients and 249,645 matched comparisons. 30,712 patients were diagnosed with localized disease and 12,884 with non-localized disease. The rates of new prescriptions increased considerably among patients within the year before the diagnosis. Hereafter the rates varied between drug classes. For most drug classes, total prescription rates for patients and comparisons increased similarly in the study period. Total prescription rates varied between men with localized and non-localized disease for all drug classes apart from statins. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that a large proportion of prostate cancer cases are likely diagnosed during medical work-up for other reasons than prostate cancer. Increased rates occur within the last year before diagnosis and future studies on the interaction between drug use and prostate cancer should at least include a one year pre-diagnostic lag-time. Post-diagnostic prescription rates demonstrated an increased use of drugs most likely associated with the consequences of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Benzon Larsen
- Urological Research Unit, Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Survivorship and Inequality in Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Skriver
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Andreas Røder
- Urological Research Unit, Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Urological Research Unit, Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Katrine Duun-Henriksen
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Gottschau M, Bens A, Friis S, Cronin-Fenton D, Aalborg GL, Jensen MB, Ejlertsen B, Kroman N, Mellemkjaer L. Use of beta-blockers and risk of contralateral breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:1619-1626. [PMID: 34985760 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Beta-blockers have shown anti-neoplastic effects in laboratory studies but epidemiologic evidence in relation to contralateral breast cancer (CBC) is sparse. We investigated post-diagnosis beta-blocker use and risk of CBC in a cohort of 52 723 women with breast cancer by using nationwide Danish health registers and the Danish Breast Cancer Group database. We defined post-diagnosis beta-blocker use as a time-varying covariate starting one year after a second prescription was redeemed. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CBC associated with beta-blocker use compared with non-use. We identified 1444 women with CBC of whom 209 women were beta-blocker users. We found an overall HR of 1.08 (95% CI: 0.93-1.27) for beta-blocker use and risk of CBC with no substantial variation according to cumulative amount, intensity or selectivity of beta-blocker use. Hence, our cohort study of women with breast cancer did not sustain a protective effect of beta-blocker use on risk of CBC, irrespective of beta-blocker type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annet Bens
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Maj-Britt Jensen
- Danish Breast Cancer Group, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Danish Breast Cancer Group, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Kroman
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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21
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Sheikh ZP, Wulf M, Friis S, Althaus M, Lynagh T, Pless SA. The M1 and pre-M1 segments contribute differently to ion selectivity in ASICs and ENaCs. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:212604. [PMID: 34436511 PMCID: PMC8404453 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to discriminate between different ionic species, termed ion selectivity, is a key feature of ion channels and forms the basis for their physiological function. Members of the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (DEG/ENaC) superfamily of trimeric ion channels are typically sodium selective, but to a surprisingly variable degree. While acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are weakly sodium selective (sodium:potassium ratio ∼10:1), ENaCs show a remarkably high preference for sodium over potassium (>500:1). This discrepancy may be expected to originate from differences in the pore-lining second transmembrane segment (M2). However, these show a relatively high degree of sequence conservation between ASICs and ENaCs, and previous functional and structural studies could not unequivocally establish that differences in M2 alone can account for the disparate degrees of ion selectivity. By contrast, surprisingly little is known about the contributions of the first transmembrane segment (M1) and the preceding pre-M1 region. In this study, we used conventional and noncanonical amino acid-based mutagenesis in combination with a variety of electrophysiological approaches to show that the pre-M1 and M1 regions of mASIC1a channels are major determinants of ion selectivity. Mutational investigations of the corresponding regions in hENaC show that these regions contribute less to ion selectivity, despite affecting ion conductance. In conclusion, our work suggests that the remarkably different degrees of sodium selectivity in ASICs and ENaCs are achieved through different mechanisms. These results further highlight how M1 and pre-M1 are likely to differentially affect pore structure in these related channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshan P Sheikh
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Wulf
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mike Althaus
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Timothy Lynagh
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan A Pless
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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22
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Obergrussberger A, Rinke-Weiß I, Goetze TA, Rapedius M, Brinkwirth N, Becker N, Rotordam MG, Hutchison L, Madau P, Pau D, Dalrymple D, Braun N, Friis S, Pless SA, Fertig N. The suitability of high throughput automated patch clamp for physiological applications. J Physiol 2021; 600:277-297. [PMID: 34555195 DOI: 10.1113/jp282107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although automated patch clamp (APC) devices have been around for many years and have become an integral part of many aspects of drug discovery, high throughput instruments with gigaohm seal data quality are relatively new. Experiments where a large number of compounds are screened against ion channels are ideally suited to high throughput APC, particularly when the amount of compound available is low. Here we evaluate different APC approaches using a variety of ion channels and screening settings. We have performed a screen of 1920 compounds on GluN1/GluN2A NMDA receptors for negative allosteric modulation using both the SyncroPatch 384 and FLIPR. Additionally, we tested the effect of 36 arthropod venoms on NaV 1.9 using a single 384-well plate on the SyncroPatch 384. As an example for mutant screening, a range of acid-sensing ion channel variants were tested and the success rate increased through fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) prior to APC experiments. Gigaohm seal data quality makes the 384-format accessible to recording of primary and stem cell-derived cells on the SyncroPatch 384. We show recordings in voltage and current clamp modes of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. In addition, the option of intracellular solution exchange enabled investigations into the effects of intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP on TRPC5 and HCN2 currents, respectively. Together, these data highlight the broad applicability and versatility of APC platforms and also outlines some limitations of the approach. KEY POINTS: High throughput automated patch clamp (APC) can be used for a variety of applications involving ion channels. Lower false positive rates were achieved using automated patch clamp versus a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) in a high throughput compound screen against NMDA receptors. Genetic variants and mutations can be screened on a single 384-well plate to reduce variability of experimental parameters. Intracellular solution can be perfused to investigate effects of ions and second messenger systems without the need for excised patches. Primary cells and stem cell-derived cells can be used on high throughput APC with reasonable success rates for cell capture, voltage clamp measurements and action potential recordings in current clamp mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nina Braun
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Stephan A Pless
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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23
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Sperling CD, Aalborg GL, Dehlendorff C, Friis S, Mørch LS, Kjaer SK. Use of antidepressants and endometrial-cancer risk: a nationwide nested case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:799-806. [PMID: 34550389 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies have suggested that antidepressant drugs may possess antineoplastic properties. In a nationwide case-control study, we examined the association between use of antidepressants and endometrial-cancer risk with a particular focus on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). METHODS From the Danish Cancer Registry, we identified all women with a histologically verified diagnosis of endometrial cancer between 2000 and 2016, and, for each woman, 15 age-matched controls. We obtained information on use of SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and other antidepressants based on records of filled prescriptions from the National Prescription Register. Using conditional logistic regression, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between use of antidepressants and endometrial-cancer risk compared with non-use. In active comparator analyses, SSRI use was compared with TCA use. RESULTS The study population comprised 8164 cases and 122 432 controls. Compared with non-use, SSRI use was associated with an OR of 0.88 (95% CI 0.82-0.96) for endometrial cancer, whereas the association with TCA use was close to unity (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.90-1.22). Use of other antidepressants yielded an OR of 0.86 (95% CI 0.71-1.03). We observed no apparent trends in associations according to cumulative amount. The inverse association with SSRI use persisted when compared with TCA use (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Use of SSRIs was associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer, whereas no inverse association appeared with use of TCAs. The antineoplastic potential of SSRIs should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie D Sperling
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte L Aalborg
- Unit of Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Unit of Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Unit of Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lina S Mørch
- Unit of Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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de la Cour CD, von Buchwald C, Dehlendorff C, Garset-Zamani M, Grønhøj C, Carlander ALF, Friis S, Kjaer SK. Low-dose aspirin use and mortality risk in patients with head and neck cancer: A nationwide cohort study of 10 770 patients. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:969-975. [PMID: 34536296 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Several recent observational studies have linked low-dose aspirin use to improved survival in patients with head and neck cancer. However, studies of patterns of aspirin use and risk of cancer-specific mortality are lacking. This nationwide cohort study included all patients in the Danish Cancer Registry with a primary diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) during 2000 to 2016, aged 30 to 84 years, without prior cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer) and alive 1 year after diagnosis. Nationwide registries provided information on filled prescriptions, mortality and potential confounding factors. For a subpopulation, a clinical database provided additional information, including human papillomavirus (HPV) tumor status. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between postdiagnostic low-dose aspirin use (≥1 prescription within first year after diagnosis) and risk of cancer-specific mortality. We identified 10 770 patients with HNSCC during a median follow-up of 3.9 years. Of these, 1799 (16.7%) were low-dose aspirin users. Postdiagnostic use of low-dose aspirin was associated with a HR of 0.97 (95% CI 0.82-1.15) for cancer-specific mortality. Similar neutral associations were found according to patterns of aspirin use. No apparent trends emerged according to age, sex, topography or stage. A tendency towards a decreased cancer-specific mortality risk with low-dose aspirin use was observed among HPV-positive patients; however, the statistical precision was low. In conclusion, we did not observe an association between postdiagnostic low-dose aspirin use and cancer-specific mortality in a nationwide cohort of patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie D de la Cour
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Garset-Zamani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Grønhøj
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amanda-Louise F Carlander
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Gaster N, Hallas J, Pottegård A, Friis S, Schmidt M. The Validity of Danish Prescription Data to Measure Use of Aspirin and Other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Quantification of Bias Due to Non-Prescription Drug Use. Clin Epidemiol 2021; 13:569-579. [PMID: 34285591 PMCID: PMC8286082 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s311450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the potential of Danish prescription registries to capture aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and to quantitatively evaluate the magnitude of bias from misclassification of true NSAID and aspirin use as apparent non-use in drug outcome studies. Patients and Methods In a population-based cohort study, we retrieved sales statistics for NSAIDs and aspirins based on nationwide data from the Danish Health Data Authority and the Danish National Prescription Registry. We estimated prevalence of recorded and non-recorded NSAID use in the prescription registry and resulting proportions of true NSAID and aspirin use misclassified as apparent non-use from 1999 to 2019 at population and patient levels. Results The prevalence of true use misclassified as non-use (mainly due to over-the-counter use) peaked at 4.7% in 2012 for NSAIDs overall, 5.5% in 2012 for ibuprofen, and at 5.9% in 2002 for high-dose aspirin. Misclassification of other individual NSAIDs was near null. Misclassification of true low-dose aspirin use as non-use declined during the study period but remained around 1% since 2005. In subgroups of cardiac patients, the highest prevalence of true NSAID use misclassified as non-use was 5.0% in 2002 and 4.3% in 2017. Quantitative bias analyses showed how such misclassification of true NSAID and aspirin use as non-use remained minimal both at population and patient levels. In hypothetical examples simulating real study populations with differing exposure prevalence and prevalence of true NSAID and aspirin use misclassified as apparent non-use, the approximate percentage change due to misclassification of use as non-use did not exceed 5% and in most scenarios stayed around 1%. Conclusion The Danish prescription registries are valid data sources for assessing the effects of aspirin and NSAID use. The influence of non-recorded NSAID and aspirin use on estimates of association is virtually negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Gaster
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hallas
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy, and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy, and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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26
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Verdoodt F, Dehlendorff C, Jäättelä M, Strauss R, Pottegård A, Hallas J, Friis S, Kjaer SK. Antihistamines and Ovarian Cancer Survival: Nationwide Cohort Study and in Vitro Cell Viability Assay. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 112:964-967. [PMID: 31688928 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antihistamines with cationic amphiphilic drug (CAD) characteristics induce cancer-specific cell death in experimental studies. Epidemiologic evidence is, however, limited. In a Danish nationwide cohort of ovarian cancer patients diagnosed during 2000-2015 (n = 5075), we evaluated the association between filled antihistamine prescriptions and cancer mortality. We used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ovarian cancer mortality. In an in vitro cell viability assay, we evaluated cell death in three ovarian cancer cell lines after treatment with clinically relevant doses of eight antihistamines. In our cohort study, CAD antihistamine use (≥1 prescription; n = 133) was associated with a hazard ratio of 0.63 (95% CI = 0.40 to 0.99) compared to use of non-CAD antihistamines (n = 304), and we found a tendency toward a dose-response association. In our cell viability assay, we found consistent and dose-dependent cytotoxicity for all CAD but not non-CAD antihistamines. In this nationwide cohort study, use of antihistamines with CAD characteristics is associated with a prognostic benefit in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freija Verdoodt
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Belgian Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death & Metabolism, Centre for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Strauss
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hallas
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Støer NC, Botteri E, Thoresen GH, Karlstad Ø, Weiderpass E, Friis S, Pottegård A, Andreassen BK. Drug Use and Cancer Risk: A Drug-Wide Association Study (DWAS) in Norway. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:682-689. [PMID: 33144282 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based pharmaco-epidemiologic studies are used to assess postmarketing drug safety and discover beneficial effects of off-label drug use. We conducted a drug-wide association study (DWAS) to screen for associations between prescription drugs and cancer risk. METHODS This registry-based, nested case-control study, 1:10 matched on age, sex, and date of diagnosis of cases, comprises approximately 2 million Norwegian residents, including their drug history from 2004 to 2014. We evaluated the association between prescribed drugs, categorized according to the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification system, and the risk of the 15 most common cancer types, overall and by histology. We used stratified Cox regression, adjusted for other drug use, comorbidity, county, and parity, and explored dose-response trends. RESULTS We found 145 associations among 1,230 drug-cancer combinations on the ATC2-level and 77 of 8,130 on the ATC4-level. Results for all drug-cancer combinations are presented in this article and an online tool (https://pharmacoepi.shinyapps.io/drugwas/). Some associations have been previously reported, that is, menopausal hormones and breast cancer risk, or are likely confounded, that is, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and lung cancer risk. Other associations were novel, that is, inverse association between proton pump inhibitors and melanoma risk, and carcinogenic association of propulsives and lung cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed previously reported associations and generated new hypotheses on possible carcinogenic or chemopreventive effects of prescription drugs. Results from this type of explorative approach need to be validated in tailored epidemiologic and preclinical studies. IMPACT DWAS studies are robust and important tools to define new drug-cancer hypotheses.See related commentary by Wang and Gadalla, p. 597.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edoardo Botteri
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Hege Thoresen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Karlstad
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Department of Public Health, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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28
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Sperling CD, Verdoodt F, Aalborg GL, Dehlendorff C, Friis S, Kjaer SK. Non-aspirin NSAID use and mortality of endometrial cancer. A nationwide cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:515-523. [PMID: 33620641 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laboratory studies have shown anti-neoplastic properties of non-aspirin NSAID; however, no studies have examined the influence of non-aspirin NSAIDs as potential adjuvant cancer therapy in women with endometrial cancer. We therefore examined the association between post-diagnostic use of non-aspirin NSAIDs and endometrial cancer mortality in Denmark. METHODS We identified all women with a primary endometrial cancer diagnosis between 2000 and 2012, who were alive one year after the diagnosis. Information on drug use, cause-specific mortality and potential confounders was obtained from nationwide health- and demographic registries. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between post-diagnostic non-aspirin NSAID use and endometrial cancer mortality. RESULTS Among 6 694 endometrial cancer patients with a maximum follow-up of 13 years, 753 women died from endometrial cancer. Post-diagnostic non-aspirin NSAID use (≥ 1 filled prescription) was associated with an overall HR of 1.15 (95% CI; 0.97-1.36) for endometrial cancer mortality, with higher HRs for the highest intensity of use (HR; 1.40, 95% CI; 1.11-1.77) and largest cumulative amount (HR; 1.56, 95% CI; 1.14-2.14). CONCLUSION Our findings yielded no evidence that use of non-aspirin NSAIDs was associated with reduced endometrial cancer. Rather, we observed that high-intensity and large cumulative amount of non-aspirin NSAID use may be associated with increased endometrial cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Dyg Sperling
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Freija Verdoodt
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Lerche Aalborg
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, 210, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, 210, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Skovlund CW, Friis S, Dehlendorff C, Nilbert MC, Mørch LS. Hidden morbidities: drop in cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:20-23. [PMID: 33287604 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2020.1858235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Wessel Skovlund
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis Department, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mef Christina Nilbert
- Research Directors Office, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Hvidovre Hospital, Clinical Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lina Steinrud Mørch
- Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Pedersen RN, Öztürk B, Mellemkjær L, Friis S, Tramm T, Nørgaard M, Cronin-Fenton DP. Validation of an Algorithm to Ascertain Late Breast Cancer Recurrence Using Danish Medical Registries. Clin Epidemiol 2020; 12:1083-1093. [PMID: 33116902 PMCID: PMC7569071 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s269962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose About 70% of women with breast cancer survive at least 10 years after diagnosis. We constructed an algorithm to ascertain late breast cancer recurrence—which we define as breast cancer that recurs 10 years or more after primary diagnosis (excluding contralateral breast cancers)—using Danish nationwide medical registries. We used clinical information recorded in medical records as a reference standard. Methods Using the Danish Breast Cancer Group clinical database, we ascertained data on 21,134 women who survived recurrence-free 10 years or more after incident stage I–III breast cancer diagnosed in 1987–2004. We used a combination of Danish registries to construct the algorithm—the Danish National Patient Registry for information on diagnostic, therapeutic and procedural codes; and cancer diagnoses from the Danish Pathology Registry, the Danish Cancer Registry and the Contralateral Breast Cancer database. To estimate the positive predictive value (PPV), we selected 105 patients who, according to our algorithm, had late recurrence diagnosed at Aarhus University Hospital. To estimate the sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value (NPV), we selected 114 patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer at Aalborg University Hospital. We abstracted clinical information on late recurrence for patients with medical record-confirmed late recurrence at Aarhus University Hospital. Results Our algorithm had a PPV of late recurrence of 85.7% (95% CI: 77.5–91.3%), a sensitivity of 100.0% (95% CI, 39.8–100.0%), a specificity of 97.3 (95% CI, 92.2–99.4) and a NPV of 100% (95% CI, 96.6–100.0%). Conclusion Our algorithm for late recurrence showed a moderate to high PPV and high sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value. The algorithm could be an important tool for future studies of late breast cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Buket Öztürk
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Tramm
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Nørgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Brinkwirth N, Takasuna K, Doi M, Becker N, Obergrussberger A, Friis S, Furukawa H, Hasegawa Y, Oka T, Ohtsuki A, Fertig N, Stoelzle-Feix S. Reliable identification of cardiac liability in drug discovery using automated patch clamp: Benchmarking best practices and calibration standards for improved proarrhythmic assessment. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2020; 105:106884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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de la Cour CD, Verdoodt F, Aalborg GL, von Buchwald C, Friis S, Dehlendorff C, Kjaer SK. Low-dose aspirin use and risk of head and neck cancer-A Danish nationwide case-control study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:1561-1567. [PMID: 32737902 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Results concerning a potential preventive effect of aspirin on head and neck cancer (HNC) are conflicting. We examined the association between low-dose aspirin use and HNC risk overall and by degree of human papillomavirus association in a nested case-control study using nationwide registries. Cases (n = 12 389) were all Danish residents diagnosed with primary HNC (2000-2015). Age- and sex-matched population controls (n = 185 835) were selected by risk-set-sampling. Using conditional logistic regression, we estimated multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for HNC associated with low-dose aspirin use (≥2 prescriptions). No association was observed between low-dose aspirin ever-use and overall HNC (odds ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.97-1.10). Estimates remained neutral according to patterns of use. Low-dose aspirin use appeared to slightly decrease HNC risk among the eldest (71-84 y), independently of human papillomavirus association, while slightly increase HNC risk among younger age groups (30-60, 61-70 y), driven by an increased risk of oral cancer. However, no consistent patterns in risk estimates were found according to duration and consistency of low-dose aspirin use in the age-stratified analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie D de la Cour
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Freija Verdoodt
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte L Aalborg
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Obergrussberger A, Friis S, Brüggemann A, Fertig N. Automated patch clamp in drug discovery: major breakthroughs and innovation in the last decade. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:1-5. [PMID: 32646308 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1791079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Han X, Samieegohar M, Ridder BJ, Wu WW, Randolph A, Tran P, Sheng J, Stoelzle-Feix S, Brinkwirth N, Rotordam MG, Becker N, Friis S, Rapedius M, Goetze TA, Strassmaier T, Okeyo G, Kramer J, Kuryshev Y, Wu C, Strauss DG, Li Z. A general procedure to select calibration drugs for lab-specific validation and calibration of proarrhythmia risk prediction models: An illustrative example using the CiPA model. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2020; 105:106890. [PMID: 32574700 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In response to the ongoing shift of the regulatory cardiac safety paradigm, a recent White Paper proposed general principles for developing and implementing proarrhythmia risk prediction models. These principles included development strategies to validate models, and implementation strategies to ensure a model developed by one lab can be used by other labs in a consistent manner in the presence of lab-to-lab experimental variability. While the development strategies were illustrated through the validation of the model under the Comprehensive In vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA), the implementation strategies have not been adopted yet. METHODS The proposed implementation strategies were applied to the CiPA model by performing a sensitivity analysis to identify a subset of calibration drugs that were most critical in determining the classification thresholds for proarrhythmia risk prediction. RESULTS The selected calibration drugs were able to recapitulate classification thresholds close to those calculated from the full list of CiPA drugs. Using an illustrative dataset it was shown that a new lab could use these calibration drugs to establish its own classification thresholds (lab-specific calibration), and verify that the model prediction accuracy in the new lab is comparable to that in the original lab where the model was developed (lab-specific validation). DISCUSSION This work used the CiPA model as an example to illustrate how to adopt the proposed model implementation strategies to select calibration drugs and perform lab-specific calibration and lab-specific validation. Generic in nature, these strategies could be generally applied to different proarrhythmia risk prediction models using various experimental systems under the new paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Han
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Mohammadreza Samieegohar
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Bradley J Ridder
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Wendy W Wu
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Aaron Randolph
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Phu Tran
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Jiansong Sheng
- CiPA LAB, 900 Clopper Rd, Suite 130, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, United States
| | | | - Nina Brinkwirth
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Nadine Becker
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, Munich, Germany
| | - Søren Friis
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Rapedius
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, Munich, Germany
| | - Tom A Goetze
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Strassmaier
- Nanion Technologies USA, 1 Naylon Place, Suite C, Livingston, NJ 07039, United States
| | - George Okeyo
- Nanion Technologies USA, 1 Naylon Place, Suite C, Livingston, NJ 07039, United States
| | - James Kramer
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, United States
| | - Yuri Kuryshev
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, United States
| | - Caiyun Wu
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, United States
| | - David G Strauss
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Zhihua Li
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States.
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Melle I, Friis S, Haahr U, Johannesen JO, Larsen TK, Opjordsmoen S, Roessberg JI, Rund BR, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, McGlashan T. Measuring quality of life in first-episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 20:474-83. [PMID: 15967642 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractQuality of life (QoL) measures are increasingly recognized as necessary parts of outcome assessments in psychosis. The present paper is a comprehensive study of patients with first-episode psychosis where QoL is measured by the commonly used Lehman Quality of Life Interview (L-QoLI). The aim is to examine if the L-QoLI maintain its original structure when used in a group of patients with first-episode psychosis, and to investigate what determines global subjective QoL with a specific emphasis on premorbid adjustment, duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and clinical symptoms. The study indicates that the psychometric properties of the L-QoLI do not change significantly when used in first-episode samples. The patients report subjective and objective QoL in the fair to good range, with only a moderate association between the objective and subjective measures. Poor global satisfaction is predicted by being single, abusing drugs, being depressed, having a diagnosis of psychotic affective disorder, having poor premorbid social adjustment and DUP over 10 weeks. The study supports the notion that patients with first-episode psychosis construct QoL in the same way as other groups, and that longer durations of compromised function at this stage produces poor satisfaction with life rather than a downward readjustment of expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Melle
- Department of Research and Education, Division of Psychiatry, Ullevål University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
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Bakken T, Martinsen H, Friis S, Lovoll S, Eilertsen D. FC02-04 - Assessment of schizophrenia in adults with intellectual disability and autism - an empirical study. Eur Psychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn adults with intellectual disability and autism, psychosis is rarely detected due to misinterpretation of psychotic symptoms being autism or idiosyncratic communication. The patients can poorly communicate the delusions and hallucinations they experience. Observable indicators are therefore necessary.ObjectivesTo establish reliable and valid behavioural indicators of psychosis in adults with intellectual disability and autism.AimsThe aim was to investigate behavioural indicators of psychosis in adults with intellectual disability and autism.MethodsForty-three patients with intellectual disability and autism from a hospital-based study were recruited. Eight of these patients were assessed as having schizophrenia-like psychosis. They were further examined through a case-report study. Both statistical analysis and data from the case reports were included. Case report data were compared with scores from a validation study of the Psychopathology in Autism Checklist, PAC.ResultsBehavioural disorganisation, severe decreased global functioning, suspected hallucinations and decreased sociability were observed in the eight psychotic patients. The level of disorganisation was significantly higher in the psychotic patients than in the non-psychotic patients - this included patients with “plain” autism. Adequate treatment significantly decreased the level of disorganised behaviour.ConclusionsDisorganised behaviour, occurring concurrent with disorganised speech, severe decreased global functioning, suspected hallucinations and negative symptoms, were found to be reliable and valid indicators of psychosis.
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Ridder BJ, Leishman DJ, Bridgland-Taylor M, Samieegohar M, Han X, Wu WW, Randolph A, Tran P, Sheng J, Danker T, Lindqvist A, Konrad D, Hebeisen S, Polonchuk L, Gissinger E, Renganathan M, Koci B, Wei H, Fan J, Levesque P, Kwagh J, Imredy J, Zhai J, Rogers M, Humphries E, Kirby R, Stoelzle-Feix S, Brinkwirth N, Rotordam MG, Becker N, Friis S, Rapedius M, Goetze TA, Strassmaier T, Okeyo G, Kramer J, Kuryshev Y, Wu C, Himmel H, Mirams GR, Strauss DG, Bardenet R, Li Z. Corrigendum to "A systematic strategy for estimating hERG block potency and its implications in a new cardiac safety paradigm" [Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology volume 394C (2020) 114961]. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 395:114983. [PMID: 32247767 PMCID: PMC7355225 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Ridder
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Derek J Leishman
- Department of Toxicology and Pathology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew Bridgland-Taylor
- Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammadreza Samieegohar
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Xiaomei Han
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Wendy W Wu
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Aaron Randolph
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Phu Tran
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Jiansong Sheng
- CiPA LAB, 900 Clopper Rd, Suite 130, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Timm Danker
- NMI-TT GmbH, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Konrad
- B'SYS GmbH, The Ion Channel Company, Benkenstrasse 254, CH-4108 Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Simon Hebeisen
- B'SYS GmbH, The Ion Channel Company, Benkenstrasse 254, CH-4108 Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Liudmila Polonchuk
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Bldg. 73 / R. 103b Grenzacherstrasse, 124, CH-4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evgenia Gissinger
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Bldg. 73 / R. 103b Grenzacherstrasse, 124, CH-4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bryan Koci
- Eurofins Scientific, Eurofins Discovery, 6 Research Park Drive, St. Charles, MO 63304, USA
| | - Haiyang Wei
- Eurofins Scientific, Eurofins Discovery, 6 Research Park Drive, St. Charles, MO 63304, USA
| | - Jingsong Fan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Paul Levesque
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jae Kwagh
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Jin Zhai
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Marc Rogers
- Metrion Biosciences Limited, Riverside 3, Suite 1, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Humphries
- Metrion Biosciences Limited, Riverside 3, Suite 1, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kirby
- Metrion Biosciences Limited, Riverside 3, Suite 1, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6AD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nina Brinkwirth
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Nadine Becker
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Søren Friis
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Rapedius
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Tom A Goetze
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Strassmaier
- Nanion Technologies USA, 1 Naylon Place, Suite C, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA
| | - George Okeyo
- Nanion Technologies USA, 1 Naylon Place, Suite C, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA
| | - James Kramer
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Yuri Kuryshev
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Caiyun Wu
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Herbert Himmel
- Bayer AG, RD-TS-TOX-SP-SPL1, Aprather Weg 18a, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gary R Mirams
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine & Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David G Strauss
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Remi Bardenet
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Zhihua Li
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
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Ridder BJ, Leishman DJ, Bridgland-Taylor M, Samieegohar M, Han X, Wu WW, Randolph A, Tran P, Sheng J, Danker T, Lindqvist A, Konrad D, Hebeisen S, Polonchuk L, Gissinger E, Renganathan M, Koci B, Wei H, Fan J, Levesque P, Kwagh J, Imredy J, Zhai J, Rogers M, Humphries E, Kirby R, Stoelzle-Feix S, Brinkwirth N, Rotordam MG, Becker N, Friis S, Rapedius M, Goetze TA, Strassmaier T, Okeyo G, Kramer J, Kuryshev Y, Wu C, Himmel H, Mirams GR, Strauss DG, Bardenet R, Li Z. A systematic strategy for estimating hERG block potency and its implications in a new cardiac safety paradigm. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 394:114961. [PMID: 32209365 PMCID: PMC7166077 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction hERG block potency is widely used to calculate a drug's safety margin against its torsadogenic potential. Previous studies are confounded by use of different patch clamp electrophysiology protocols and a lack of statistical quantification of experimental variability. Since the new cardiac safety paradigm being discussed by the International Council for Harmonisation promotes a tighter integration of nonclinical and clinical data for torsadogenic risk assessment, a more systematic approach to estimate the hERG block potency and safety margin is needed. Methods A cross-industry study was performed to collect hERG data on 28 drugs with known torsadogenic risk using a standardized experimental protocol. A Bayesian hierarchical modeling (BHM) approach was used to assess the hERG block potency of these drugs by quantifying both the inter-site and intra-site variability. A modeling and simulation study was also done to evaluate protocol-dependent changes in hERG potency estimates. Results A systematic approach to estimate hERG block potency is established. The impact of choosing a safety margin threshold on torsadogenic risk evaluation is explored based on the posterior distributions of hERG potency estimated by this method. The modeling and simulation results suggest any potency estimate is specific to the protocol used. Discussion This methodology can estimate hERG block potency specific to a given voltage protocol. The relationship between safety margin thresholds and torsadogenic risk predictivity suggests the threshold should be tailored to each specific context of use, and safety margin evaluation may need to be integrated with other information to form a more comprehensive risk assessment. hERG potency/safety margin is a widely used nonclinical cardiac safety strategy. A new regulatory paradigm promotes the integration of nonclinical and clinical data. Lack of uncertainty quantification hindered using hERG potency in the new paradigm. A systematic method was established to address this limitation. Analysis supports using different safety margin thresholds in different context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Ridder
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Derek J Leishman
- Department of Toxicology and Pathology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Mohammadreza Samieegohar
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Xiaomei Han
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Wendy W Wu
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Aaron Randolph
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Phu Tran
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Jiansong Sheng
- CiPA LAB, 900 Clopper Rd, Suite 130, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Timm Danker
- NMI-TT GmbH, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Konrad
- B'SYS GmbH, The Ion Channel Company, Benkenstrasse 254, CH-4108, Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Simon Hebeisen
- B'SYS GmbH, The Ion Channel Company, Benkenstrasse 254, CH-4108, Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Liudmila Polonchuk
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Bldg. 73/R. 103b Grenzacherstrasse, 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evgenia Gissinger
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Bldg. 73/R. 103b Grenzacherstrasse, 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bryan Koci
- Eurofins Scientific, Eurofins Discovery, 6 Research Park Drive, St. Charles, MO 63304, USA
| | - Haiyang Wei
- Eurofins Scientific, Eurofins Discovery, 6 Research Park Drive, St. Charles, MO 63304, USA
| | - Jingsong Fan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Paul Levesque
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jae Kwagh
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Jin Zhai
- Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Marc Rogers
- Metrion Biosciences Limited, Riverside 3, Suite 1, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21, 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Humphries
- Metrion Biosciences Limited, Riverside 3, Suite 1, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21, 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kirby
- Metrion Biosciences Limited, Riverside 3, Suite 1, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21, 6AD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nina Brinkwirth
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Nadine Becker
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Søren Friis
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Rapedius
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Tom A Goetze
- Nanion Technologies Munich, Ganghoferstrasse 70A, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Strassmaier
- Nanion Technologies, USA, 1 Naylon Place, Suite C, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA
| | - George Okeyo
- Nanion Technologies, USA, 1 Naylon Place, Suite C, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA
| | - James Kramer
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Yuri Kuryshev
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Caiyun Wu
- Charles River Laboratories, 14656 Neo Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Herbert Himmel
- Bayer AG, RD-TS-TOX-SP-SPL1, Aprather Weg 18a, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gary R Mirams
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine & Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David G Strauss
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Rémi Bardenet
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Zhihua Li
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
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Bens A, Dehlendorff C, Friis S, Cronin-Fenton D, Jensen MB, Ejlertsen B, Lash TL, Kroman N, Mellemkjær L. The role of H1 antihistamines in contralateral breast cancer: a Danish nationwide cohort study. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1102-1108. [PMID: 32063603 PMCID: PMC7109031 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preclinical studies have shown both pro- and antineoplastic effects of antihistamines. Here, we evaluated the effect of H1 antihistamines on contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk, and whether cationic amphiphilic (CAD) antihistamines could increase the sensitivity to chemotherapy. Methods From the Danish Breast Cancer Group clinical database, we identified all women aged ≥20 years with a first-time diagnosis of breast cancer during 1996–2012. Information on drug use, CBC and potential confounding factors was retrieved from nationwide registries. Using Cox proportional hazard regression models, we calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CBC associated with H1-antihistamine use. Results We identified 52,723 patients with breast cancer with a total of 310,583 person-years of follow-up. Among them, 1444 patients developed a new primary tumour in the contralateral breast. Post-diagnosis use of H1 antihistamines (≥2 prescriptions) was not strongly associated with CBC risk (HR 1.08, 95% CI: 0.90–1.31) compared with non-use (<2 prescriptions). Use of CAD antihistamines among patients receiving chemotherapy was not associated with a decrease in CBC risk. Conclusions Taken together, our findings do not suggest any association of H1-antihistamine use with CBC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annet Bens
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Danish Breast Cancer Group, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timothy L Lash
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Niels Kroman
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Mellemkjær
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Pottegård A, Kristensen KB, Friis S, Hallas J, Jensen JB, Nørgaard M. Urinary tract infections and risk of squamous cell carcinoma bladder cancer: A Danish nationwide case-control study. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:1930-1936. [PMID: 31863454 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma haematobium infection can lead to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the bladder. Whether this also applies to more common urinary tract infections (UTIs) is unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate the association between UTIs, reflected by the use of specific antibiotics and risk of SCC of the bladder. We conducted a Danish nationwide case-control study and identified histologically verified bladder cancer cases (2000-2015; n = 12,271) and age- and sex-matched cancer-free controls. We computed odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) associating the use of UTI-specific antibiotics with SCC bladder cancer, using conditional logistic regression. We applied a 2-year lag-time to minimize reverse causation. To aid interpretation, similar analyses were performed for other bladder cancer types and other antibiotics. We identified 333 SCC cases (2.7% of all bladder cancers). Compared to no use (0-1 prescription), high-use (≥10 prescriptions) of UTI-specific antibiotics was associated with SCC with an OR of 11.4 (CI 7.6-17.2) and a clear dose-response pattern (ptrend < 0.001). Use of phenoxymethylpenicillin, an antibiotic not used against UTIs, was not associated with SCC after adjustment for use of UTI-specific antibiotics (OR 0.5). Furthermore, UTI-specific antibiotic use was not associated with urothelial carcinomas (n = 11,029; OR 1.13; CI 0.97-1.32). Excluding patients with known urogenital disease did not influence the SCC estimates (overall OR 10.8; CI 6.2-18.9). Data on smoking were lacking, however, a quantitative bias analysis suggested this to be of limited importance. In conclusion, common UTIs are strong, dose-dependent and specifically associated with risk of SCC of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kasper B Kristensen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hallas
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jørgen B Jensen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Nørgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Arhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Sperling CD, Verdoodt F, Aalborg GL, Dehlendorff C, Friis S, Kjaer SK. Low-dose aspirin use and endometrial cancer mortality—a Danish nationwide cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 49:330-337. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence suggests that aspirin use may improve survival in cancer patients, however, for endometrial cancer, epidemiological evidence is limited and results are equivocal. In a nationwide cohort study, we examined the association between post-diagnostic low-dose aspirin use and endometrial cancer mortality.
Methods
From the Danish Cancer Registry, we identified all women with a primary diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Women diagnosed between 2000 and 2012, aged 30–84 years, who had no history of cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) and were alive 1 year after the cancer diagnosis were eligible. We obtained information on pre- and post-diagnostic use (≥1 prescription) of low-dose aspirin, mortality and potential confounding factors from nationwide registries. Using Cox regression models, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between post-diagnostic low-dose aspirin use and endometrial cancer mortality. The exposure was modelled as both time-varying as well as time-fixed within exposure windows of 1 and 5 years.
Results
We identified 6694 endometrial cancer patients with a maximum follow-up of 13 years. In the time-varying analysis, post-diagnostic low-dose aspirin use was associated with a HR of 1.10 (95% CI 0.90–1.33) for endometrial cancer mortality. We found no indication of a dose–response association according to increasing tablet strength, cumulative amount or duration of use, and the HRs were similar for pre-diagnostic and post-diagnostic low-dose aspirin use compared with non-use.
Conclusions
We found no indication that post-diagnostic low-dose aspirin use was associated with reduced mortality for endometrial cancer; rather our findings suggested a concern for increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie D Sperling
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Freija Verdoodt
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte L Aalborg
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Skriver C, Dehlendorff C, Borre M, Brasso K, Larsen SB, Tjønneland A, Pottegård A, Hallas J, Sørensen HT, Friis S. Associations of low-dose aspirin or other NSAID use with prostate cancer risk in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 31:139-151. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Bens A, Langballe R, Bernstein JL, Cronin-Fenton D, Friis S, Mellemkjaer L. Preventive drug therapy and contralateral breast cancer: summary of the evidence of clinical trials and observational studies. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:1581-1593. [PMID: 31393200 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1643915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer patients have a lifelong 2-4-fold increased risk of developing a second primary tumor in the contralateral breast compared with the risk for a first primary breast cancer in the general female population. Prevention of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) has received increased attention during recent decades. Here, we summarize and discuss the available literature on drug preventive therapy and CBC.Results: The endocrine-targetting drugs, tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are used as standard adjuvant treatment for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Both are associated with relative risk reductions of CBC of up to 50%, but incur serious side effects. Several prescription drugs originally developed for other purposes, including bisphosphonates, statins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, metformin, anti-hypertensives and retinoids, have shown anti-cancer activity in preclinical models. However, results of observational studies on CBC are sparse and inconsistent, with only statins demonstrating promise as preventive agents and a potential treatment option for ER-negative breast cancer patients.Conclusion: Future studies are needed to assess the effect of statins in risk reduction and to identify other drugs with chemopreventive potential against CBC. Eventually, efforts must be directed towards identifying those breast cancer patients likely to benefit most from specific preventive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annet Bens
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Langballe
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Søren Friis
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Unit of Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Mellemkjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Starhof C, Hejl AM, Korbo L, Winge K, Friis S. Risk of Multiple System Atrophy and the Use of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Danish Register-Based Case-Control Study. Neuroepidemiology 2019; 54:58-63. [PMID: 31661696 DOI: 10.1159/000503003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare rapidly progressive atypical Parkinson disorder presenting clinically with parkinsonism and/or a cerebellar syndrome in combination with dysautonomia. Severe neuroinflammation develops along with hallmark neuropathological changes, and as in Parkinson's disease, intake of anti-inflammatory medication has been hypothesized to be protective for development of disease. We aimed to investigate if use of non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), low-dose aspirin, or statins were associated with a reduced risk of MSA. METHODS We performed a register-based case-control study in MSA (n = 155) cases and population controls (n= 7,750) matched on age, gender, and place of residency by risk-set sampling. Pharmacological exposure prior to diagnosis was assessed in 2 categories (user vs. nonuser, cumulated dose in tertiles [T1-T3]). In an unconditional logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, residency, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we estimated ORs and 95% CIs. RESULTS Data suggested a trend towards non-aspirin NSAID use to be associated with a decreased risk of MSA (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.49-1.06]) compared to nonusers, decreasing dose-dependently (T2 OR 0.77 [95% CI 0.43-1.38]; T3 OR 0.55 [95% CI 0.29-1.06]). However, data were based on small numbers. Use of statins and low-dose aspirin was not associated with a decreased risk of MSA. Results were lagged 5 years from index date to address reverse causation. CONCLUSION A trend toward use of non-aspirin NSAID and an associated reduced risk of MSA was observed in this study. However, our analyses had limited statistical precision, and further studies including larger sample sizes and longer exposure periods are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Starhof
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark,
| | - Anne-Mette Hejl
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Korbo
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival from many cancer types is steadily increasing, and as a result, a growing number of cancer patients will live with other chronic diseases, of which diabetes is one of the most prevalent. This study aims to describe the impact of cancer on health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and to compare the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention in diabetes patients with and without cancer. METHODS The randomized controlled trial Diabetes Care in General Practice (DCGP) included 1381 patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Patients were randomized to either six years of structured personal diabetes care or routine care. In a post hoc analysis, we followed patients for 19 years in Danish national registries for the occurrence of diabetes-related outcomes. We used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios for outcomes. RESULTS At diagnosis 48 patients had cancer, and 243 patients were diagnosed with cancer during follow up. Patients with diabetes and cancer had excess all-cause mortality (HR 3.33; 95%CI 2.72-4.06), as well as an increased incidence of myocardial infarction (HR 1.76; 95%CI 1.29-2.39) and any diabetes-related outcome (HR 1.36; 95%CI 1.07-1.71). The intervention reduced the risk of both these endpoints in patients without cancer. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in the effectiveness of the intervention among patients with and without cancer. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes patients with cancer had an increased risk of myocardial infarction and any diabetes-related outcome. The observed positive effect of structured personal diabetes care on clinical outcomes did not differ between patients with and without cancer. Attention to and prevention of diabetes complications in patients with both type 2 diabetes and cancer is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01074762 (February 24, 2010).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Beiter Arreskov
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Maria Å. Olsen
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sandra Sinius Pouplier
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Volkert Siersma
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Christen L. Andersen
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels de Fine Olivarius
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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Andreassen BK, Støer NC, Martinsen JI, Ursin G, Weiderpass E, Thoresen GH, Debernard KB, Karlstad Ø, Pottegard A, Friis S. Identification of potential carcinogenic and chemopreventive effects of prescription drugs: a protocol for a Norwegian registry-based study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028504. [PMID: 30962244 PMCID: PMC6500356 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surveillance of unintended effects of pharmaceuticals (pharmacovigilance or drug safety) is crucial, as knowledge of rare or late side effects is limited at the time of the introduction of new medications into the market. Side effects of drugs may involve increased or decreased risk of cancer, but these typically appear after a long induction period. This fact, together with low incidences of many cancer types, limits the usefulness of traditional pharmacovigilance strategies, primarily based on spontaneous reporting of adverse events, to identify associations between drug use and cancer risk. Postmarketing observational pharmacoepidemiological studies are therefore crucial in the evaluation of drug-cancer associations. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The main data sources in this project will be the Norwegian Prescription Database and the Cancer Registry of Norway. The underlying statistical model will be based on a multiple nested case-control design including all adult (~200 000) incident cancer cases within the age-range 18-85 years from 2007 through 2015 in Norway as cases. 10 cancer-free population controls will be individually matched to these cases with respect to birth year, sex and index date (date of cancer diagnosis). Drug exposure will be modelled as chronic user/non-user by counting prescriptions, and cumulative use by summarising all dispensions' daily defined doses over time. Conditional logistic regression models adjusted for comorbidity (National Patient Register), socioeconomic parameters (Statistics Norway), concomitant drug use and, for female cancers, reproduction data (Medical Birth Registry), will be applied to identify drug-use-cancer-risk associations. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study is approved by the regional ethical committee and the Norwegian data protection authority. Results of the initial screening step and analysis pipeline will be described in a key paper. Subsequent papers will report the evaluation of identified signals in replication studies. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals, at scientific conferences and through press releases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalie C Støer
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Women's Health, Women's Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Centerand Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - G Hege Thoresen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Pharmacology and PharmaceuticalBiosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karen Boldingh Debernard
- Regional Medicines Information and Pharmacovigilance Centre (RELIS), Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Karlstad
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Aging, Nasjonalt folkehelseinstitutt, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anton Pottegard
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department ofPublic Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Skriver C, Dehlendorff C, Borre M, Brasso K, Larsen SB, Dalton SO, Nørgaard M, Pottegård A, Hallas J, Sørensen HT, Friis S. Use of Low-Dose Aspirin and Mortality After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 2019; 170:443-452. [PMID: 30831581 DOI: 10.7326/m17-3085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that aspirin use may improve survival in patients with prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between postdiagnosis use of low-dose aspirin and prostate cancer mortality. DESIGN Nationwide cohort study. SETTING Denmark. PATIENTS Men with incident prostate adenocarcinoma between 2000 and 2011. MEASUREMENTS Nationwide registry data on tumor characteristics, drug use, primary prostate cancer therapy, comorbidity, and socioeconomic parameters. Postdiagnosis use of low-dose aspirin (75 to 150 mg) was defined as 2 or more prescriptions filled within 1 year after prostate cancer diagnosis. Follow-up started 1 year after prostate cancer diagnosis. In secondary analyses, low-dose aspirin use was assessed within exposure periods of 5 or 7.5 years after prostate cancer diagnosis. RESULTS Of 29 136 patients (median age, 70 years), 7633 died of prostate cancer and 5575 died of other causes during a median follow-up of 4.9 years (interquartile range, 3.1 to 7.2 years), through 2015. Postdiagnosis low-dose aspirin use was associated with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.01) for prostate cancer-specific mortality and 1.12 (CI, 1.05 to 1.20) for other-cause mortality. The secondary analyses showed that prostate cancer mortality was slightly reduced with low-dose aspirin use after the 5-year (HR, 0.91 [CI, 0.83 to 1.01]) and 7.5-year (HR, 0.84 [CI, 0.72 to 0.97]) postdiagnosis exposure periods, notably among patients filling prescriptions for a large quantity of low-dose aspirin tablets during the 7.5-year period. LIMITATIONS Data on over-the-counter aspirin use were unavailable. Some residual confounding was possible as a result of incomplete data on some prognostic factors. CONCLUSION The study did not support an overall effect of postdiagnosis low-dose aspirin use on prostate cancer mortality. However, results for extended exposure periods suggest that low-dose aspirin use might be inversely associated with prostate cancer mortality after 5 years from cancer diagnosis. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Danish Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Skriver
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.S., C.D.)
| | | | - Michael Borre
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (M.B., M.N., H.T.S.)
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.B.)
| | - Signe Benzon Larsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center and Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (S.B.L.)
| | - Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Zealand University Hospital, Næstved, Denmark (S.O.D.)
| | - Mette Nørgaard
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (M.B., M.N., H.T.S.)
| | - Anton Pottegård
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (A.P., J.H.)
| | - Jesper Hallas
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (A.P., J.H.)
| | | | - Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.F.)
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Johansen MD, Urup T, Holst CB, Christensen IJ, Grunnet K, Lassen U, Friis S, Poulsen HS. Outcome of Bevacizumab Therapy in Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma Treated with Angiotensin System Inhibitors. Cancer Invest 2019; 36:512-519. [PMID: 30727779 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1544639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antihypertensive therapy may improve bevacizumab efficacy in cancer patients. We examined efficacy and toxicity of angiotensin system inhibitors (ASI) and other antihypertensive drugs in bevacizumab treated recurrent glioblastoma patients. METHODS We retrospectively combined a national prescription registry with a clinical database with recurrent glioblastoma patients (n = 243). RESULTS Patients who initiated ASI after bevacizumab (n = 26) showed a tendency towards improved progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) with hazard rate (HR) reductions (HR = 0.70 and HR = 0.79, respectively). Calcium antagonists during bevacizumab therapy significantly improved OS (HR = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS Overall the study supports a potential beneficial effect of antihypertensive treatment on prognosis of bevacizumab treated glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dinche Johansen
- a Department of Radiation Biology, Department of Oncology , The Finsen Center , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Thomas Urup
- a Department of Radiation Biology, Department of Oncology , The Finsen Center , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Camilla Bjørnbak Holst
- a Department of Radiation Biology, Department of Oncology , The Finsen Center , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
| | | | - Kirsten Grunnet
- a Department of Radiation Biology, Department of Oncology , The Finsen Center , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- c Department of Oncology , The Finsen Center , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- d Danish Cancer Society , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
- a Department of Radiation Biology, Department of Oncology , The Finsen Center , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark
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Schmidt M, Andersen LV, Friis S, Juel K, Gislason G. Data Resource Profile: Danish Heart Statistics. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 46:1368-1369g. [PMID: 29040607 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Randers, Randers, Denmark.,Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Friis
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Knud Juel
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Gislason
- Department of Research, Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
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Braun N, Friis S, Tian W, Bennett EP, Andersen J, Pless SA. High Throughput Validation of Non Canonical Amino Acid Incorporation into Acid Sensing Ion Channel 1A. Biophys J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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