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Combined effect of obesity and metabolic profile on glomerular dysfunction in hypertensive subjects. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2021.09.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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2
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Diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional coronary angiographic derived fractional flow reserve. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-invasive fractional flow reserve (NiFFR) is an emerging method for evaluating the functional significance of a coronary lesion during diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG). The method relies on the computational flow dynamics and the 3D reconstruction of the vessel extracted from CAG. In the present study, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance and applicability of 2D-based NiFFR.
Methods
In this prospective observational study, we evaluated 2D-based NiFFR in 279 candidates for invasive CAG and invasive FFR. NiFFR was calculated via 2 methods: variable NiFFR, in which the contrast transport time was extracted from the angiographic view, and fixed NiFFR, in which a prespecified frame count was applied.
Results
The final analysis was performed on 245 patients (250 lesions). Variable NiFFR had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 81.5%, an accuracy of 80.0%, a sensitivity of 82.2%, a specificity of 82.2%, a negative predictive value of 91.4%, and a positive predictive value of 63.6%. The mean difference between FFR and NiFFR was −0.0244 ±0.0616 (P≤0.0001). A pressure wire-free hybrid strategy was possible in 68.8% of our population with variable NiFFR.
Conclusions
Our 2D-based NiFFR yielded results comparable to those derived from 3D-based software. Our findings should, however, be confirmed in larger trials.
Pressure wire-free hybrid strategy
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Comparison between cheatham-platinum stent and self-expandable uncovered nitinol stent in patients with coarctation of aorta – a randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Endovascular treatment is considered the main therapeutic approach for native coarctation of aorta (CoA) in adult patients. Balloon-expandable stents (BE) have been introduced as the primary choice for coarctoplasty. However during the recent years, self-expandable (SE) stents with acceptable radial force have been suggested as an alternative. Still, no randomized controlled (RCT) trials have compared the efficacy and safety of both strategies.
Methods
The present study is a prospective, single center, parallel-group, open-label RCT on patients with native CoA (Figure). Patients were randomized into Bare Cheatham-Platinum Stents and Uncovered Nitinol Stent (SE). All patients were scheduled to be followed in 1-, 6-, 12-month and 36-month intervals. The present report, focuses on the one-year outcome of the study.
Results
Of 101 patients with native CoA referred to our center, 93 patients have been randomized into BE- (47 patients) and SE-arm (46 patients). One year follow up is scheduled to be completed on March 2020. In the preliminary analysis of 62 patients, 1 intraprocedural stent migration has occurred in each group. No aortic perforation was detected in the study. Vascular access site complications were similar between the two groups (3 (6.3%) in BE versus 1 (2.1%) in SE, p value= 0.432). One nonfatal stroke occurred in BE group. No mortality or bailout surgical repair happened in one year study in the two groups. One patient with re-coarctations were detected during one year follow up in each of the groups (p value=0.210). No aortic pseudoaneurysm or aneurysmal formation were observed in 12-month follow up aortic CT angiography.
Conclusion
The preliminary results showed no significant difference in efficacy and safety of both treatment modalities. The final result is pending.
Study Flow Chart
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Assessing stability of Xeomin botulinum neurotoxin type A and comparing baseline efficacy with two week stored reconstructed drug. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Glutamate Signaling Defects in Propionic Acid Orally Administered to Juvenile Rats as an Experimental Animal Model of Autism. NEUROCHEM J+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Effect of Honey in Improving Breast Cancer Treatment and Gene Expression Modulation of MMPs and TIMPs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. PAK J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2018.50.6.1999.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Investigation of uranium (VI) adsorption by polypyrrole. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 332:132-139. [PMID: 28285106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption of uranium (VI) ions on the polypyrrole adsorbent. Polypyrrole was synthesized by a chemical method using polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the surfactant and iron (III) chloride as an oxidant in the aqueous solution. The effect of various surfactants on the synthesized polymers and their performance as the uranium adsorbent were investigated. Adsorbent properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The effect of different parameters such as pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentrations, adsorbent dose, and the temperature was investigated in the batch system for uranium adsorption process. It has been illustrated that the adsorption equilibrium time is 7min. The results showed that the Freundlich model had the best agreement and the maximum adsorption capacity of polypyrrole for uranium (VI) was determined 87.72mg/g from Langmuir isotherm. In addition, the mentioned adsorption process was fast and the kinetic data were fitted to the Pseudo first and second order models. The adsorption kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 showed that the uranium adsorption process by polypyrrole was endothermic and spontaneous.
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P745Possible interaction of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields with atherosclerosis promotion and progression in human, an invitro investigation. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P723The relationships of leptin and adiponectin with myeloperoxidase in coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
Ovarian vein thrombosis is a well-known but rare entity, which can occur during the post-partum period. This condition has also been associated with inflammatory and malignant processes within the pelvis. Untreated, complications of ovarian vein thrombosis can be significant due to the associated sepsis and risk of pulmonary embolism. Diagnosis can be made with confidence using ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment of ovarian vein thrombosis is particularly important in the post-partum patients, with anticoagulation therapy being the current recommendation.
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A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Hemostasis of Femoral Artery Using Topical Hemostatic Agent. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2012; 18:501-5. [DOI: 10.1177/1076029611432745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Evaluation of the effect of using a topical hemostatic agent named “ChitoHem®” on different factors on patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Methods: The present blind, randomized, controlled study included 124 patients randomly divided into 2 groups. In the treatment group following femoral sheath removal, ChitoHem® powder and in the control group conventional hemostatic procedure was applied. Results: In the treatment group, time to hemostasis, ambulation, and the use of sandbag were significantly shorter compared with the control group, respectively (4.6 ± 1.3 vs 12.4 ± 4.4 minutes, 3.5 ± 2.7 vs 23.0 ± 1.73 hours and 1.6 vs 98.4%; P < .05). There were no significant differences in hematoma formation and re-bleeding between the 2 groups. Conclusion: It was exhibited ChitoHem® topical hemostatic powder used on treatment patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography was statistically superior at reducing the time to hemostasis and ambulation as well as the use of sandbags compared with manual compression in control group.
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Mechanical loading affects the energy metabolism of intervertebral disc cells. J Orthop Res 2011; 29:1634-41. [PMID: 21484859 PMCID: PMC3137745 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that mechanical loading affects matrix biosynthesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) cells; however, the pathway(s) to this effect is currently unknown. Cellular matrix biosynthesis is an energy demanding process. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of static and dynamic compressive loading on energy metabolism of IVD cells. Porcine annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) cells seeded in 2% agarose were used in this experiment. Experimental groups included 15% static compression and 0.1 and 1 Hz dynamic compression at 15% strain magnitude for 4 h. ATP, lactate, glucose, and nitric oxide (NO) contents in culture media, and ATP content in cell-agarose construct were measured using biochemical assays. While the total ATP content of AF cells was promoted by static and dynamic loading, only 1 Hz dynamic loading increased total ATP content of NP cells. Increases in lactate production and glucose consumption of AF cells suggest that ATP production via glycolysis is promoted by dynamic compression. ATP release and NO production of AF and NP cells were significantly increased by dynamic loading. Thus, this study clearly illustrates that static and dynamic compressive loading affect IVD cell energy production while cellular responses to mechanical loading were both cell type and compression type dependent.
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Can MRI predict the diagnosis of endometrial carcinosarcoma? Clin Radiol 2011; 66:621-4. [PMID: 21507390 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To ascertain whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to suggest a diagnosis of endometrial carcinosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective imaging review was performed of the MRI images of 39 patients with endometrial carcinosarcoma. Anteroposterior and longitudinal dimensions of the uterus and measurement of the endometrial thickness were taken in the sagittal plane. The ratio of antero-posterior measurement to endometrial thickness was calculated. The same measurements were taken on 50 patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. A two-tailed t-test and receiver operator characteristic analysis were performed on these measurements for both patient groups. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the longitudinal (p=0.0084) and anteroposterior (p=0.00036) dimensions of the uterus of the two groups. There was also a statistically significant difference between the ratios of anteroposterior dimension to endometrial thickness (p=0.00018). The optimal cut-off ratio above which the radiologist should be alerted to a potential diagnosis of endometrial carcinosarcoma was shown to be 0.63. CONCLUSION MRI can be helpful in suggesting a diagnosis of endometrial carcinosarcoma with the help of some simple measurements.
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18. Can magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging identify malignant cervical pathologies? Cancer Imaging 2011. [DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2011.9081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Stabilization of gaze: A relationship between ciliary muscle contraction and trapezius muscle activity. Vision Res 2010; 50:2559-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Alternative to chromium, a hard alloy powder NiCrBCSi (Fe) coatings thermally sprayed on 60CrMn4 steel. Phase and comportements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2009.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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MP-11.08: Erectile Dysfunction Severity as a Surrogate Marker for Coronary Artery Disease. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Recurrent ovarian carcinoma presenting as a solitary metastasis to the kidney. Br J Radiol 2008; 81:e293-4. [PMID: 19029051 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/15263739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Unusual sites for recurrent ovarian metastases include extrahepatic solid organs (except the spleen), bone and the abdominal wall. We report a rare renal recurrence of ovarian malignancy and its imaging features.
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Metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumour presenting as spontaneous subcapsular renal haematoma. Br J Radiol 2008; 81:e234-7. [PMID: 18769012 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/81495647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a rare case of metastatic choriocarcinoma, which presented with acute left loin pain due to a subcapsular haematoma secondary to a bleeding renal metastasis. The renal metastasis was embolised to prevent further bleeding. To our knowledge, presentation of gestational trophoblastic tumour (GTT) with such symptoms has not been described in the recent literature. Our case illustrates that, although rare, non-gynaecological symptoms can be the first presentation of metastatic choriocarcinoma in the appropriate clinical settings. It also demonstrates that the acute bleed from a renal metastasis can be effectively managed by embolisation.
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Abstract
In recent years, tricyclic antidepressant drugs have experienced a resurgence in their use as valuable pharmacological tools in the treatment of pain. Along with the evolution in our understanding of their analgesic mechanisms of action, there have been concurrent breakthroughs regarding their indications for use and modes of administration. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of how antidepressant drugs exert their antinociceptive effects, and new developments regarding their clinical application.
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Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used for the treatment of pain and inflammation by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins. However, their use is limited by their side-effects, including gastrointestinal, renal function, cardiovascular and platelet function. Cyclooxygenase activity is the principal target for the action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Two isoforms of cyclooxygenase have been characterized: (i) cyclooxygenase-1, which is found in many tissues and is generally constitutively expressed and synthesizes prostanoids that mediate homeostatic functions; and (ii) cyclooxygenase-2, the inducible isoform, which is mainly expressed at sites of injury or inflammation and synthesizes prostanoids that mediate inflammation, pain and fever. These findings led to the development of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, with comparable anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties to traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but with significantly fewer side-effects. However, these new selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are not risk free, and care should be taken when using these drugs, especially with elderly patients with multiple medical problems. Finally, the future is bright for the broader usage of these agents in the treatment of diseases other than inflammation and pain, such as Alzheimer's disease, colonic polyp and colon cancer, just to name a few.
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Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether asthenopic symptoms in schoolchildren diagnosed with accommodative insufficiency (AI) and graded with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) could be correlated with the degree of accommodative deficiency in these children, and to investigate if VAS grading of the asthenopic symptoms could be used as an instrument to indicate the level of improvement of AI. METHODS Forty-nine children (mean age 10.2 years +/- 2.7) diagnosed with AI graded their degree of asthenopia on the VAS before and after a 12-week treatment period wearing individually dispensed reading glasses. RESULTS The improvement in accommodation after treatment was statistically significant (p < 0.001) and 83.7% of the children obtained normal accommodative amplitude in relation to age. The reduction in asthenopic symptoms as graded with the VAS was also statistically significant (p < 0.001) after treatment and 89.9% of the children obtained a normal VAS score. However, no correlation between the degree of accommodative deficiency and the VAS grading could be found, neither before nor after treatment. DISCUSSION Based on these results we conclude that the visual analogue scale (VAS) cannot be used as an instrument to indicate the degree of accommodative deficiency nor can it be used to indicate the level of improvement during the course of treatment. However, the VAS can be used as an instrument to verify and document whether or not asthenopic symptoms are present, and therefore also to indicate when symptoms have been relieved.
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Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic professional fast bowlers in cricket. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 87:1111-6. [PMID: 16049249 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.87b8.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Low back injuries account for the greatest loss of playing time for professional fast bowlers in cricket. Previous radiological studies have shown a high prevalence of degeneration of the lumbar discs and stress injuries of the pars interarticularis in elite junior fast bowlers. We have examined MRI appearance of the lumbar spines of 36 asymptomatic professional fast bowlers and 17 active control subjects. The fast bowlers had a relatively high prevalence of multi-level degeneration of the lumbar discs and a unique pattern of stress lesions of the pars interarticularis on the non-dominant side. The systems which have been used to classify the MR appearance of the lumbar discs and pars were found to be reliable. However, the relationship between the radiological findings, pain and dysfunction remains unclear.
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Metastatic spinal cord syndromes: imaging appearances and treatment planning. Clin Radiol 2005; 60:637-47. [PMID: 16038690 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2004.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2004] [Revised: 09/28/2004] [Accepted: 10/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic spinal cord syndromes usually result from neural compression by adjacent vertebral disease but are occasionally caused by intradural or intramedullary disease. MRI is the most accurate method for evaluation of such syndromes. Knowledge of the relevant imaging appearances and therapeutic options enables the radiologist to make an accurate assessment of the extent of disease and contribute information relevant to treatment planning.
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Haemorrhage within an intramedullary astrocytoma presenting with a mild clinical course and a fluid–fluid level on MRI. Br J Radiol 2004; 77:691-3. [PMID: 15326052 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/26882389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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[Mixed cryoglobulinemia with monoclonal IgA and biclonal IgM during hepatitis C virus infection]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2004; 62:334-7. [PMID: 15217768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate at low temperature and dissolve when warmed. According to Brouet, their classification relies upon the immunochemical study: type I comprises monoclonal immunoglobulins (IGG), when types II and III include both monoclonal and polyclonal components. During C hepatitis, the presence of a cryoglobulin, essentially made of mixed G-IGG and M-IGG, is a common feature with a prevalence of 40 to 80%. The authors report a case of a 63-year patient who presented with a vascular purpura and a peripheral polyneuropathy in a context of C hepatitis infection. The cryoglobulin found was composed of a monoclonal kappa A-IgG associated with a biclonal kappa and lambda M-IgG. No decrease of normal IgGs was found. This type of cryoglobulin does not belong to Brouet's classification, and argues for a new and more pertinent classification to be proposed.
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A single intravenous injection of KRN5500 (antibiotic spicamycin) produces long-term decreases in multiple sensory hypersensitivities in neuropathic pain. Anesth Analg 2003; 97:174-82, table of contents. [PMID: 12818962 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000066359.83348.f1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Neuropathic pain is a significant clinical problem. Currently, there are no drugs that produce complete amelioration of this type of pain. We have previously shown that KRN5500, a derivative of the antibiotic spicamycin, produces a prolonged (7-day), and significant reduction in neuropathic pain, but not nociceptive pain. Herein, we provide further evidence for the efficacy of this drug in inhibiting pain after IV injection in a spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain. A single IV dose of the drug produces an increase in pain thresholds to punctuate mechanical stimuli and to cold stimuli over a period of 7 days, whereas IV injection of the vehicle is without any effect. No change in pain threshold was observed in the contralateral foot. In addition, a significant antiallodynic effect to mechanical stimuli was observed at 1, 2, 4, and 6 wk. The drug may be a potential candidate for cancer-related neuropathic pain as well as a marker for discovery of effective analgesics for neuropathic pain. IMPLICATIONS We examined the effect of a novel drug (KRN5500) on nerve damage pain. After the successful effects of this drug in a single human, we have shown that the drug infused as a single application at different doses in a rat model of nerve damage pain produces pain relief in this model for many weeks.
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Recognition of DNA-arginine photoadduct by anti-DNA autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Indian J Med Res 2002; 115:201-11. [PMID: 12362560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Studies have been carried out to synthesize and characterize the photoconjugate between positively charged amino acid, arginine and DNA fragments and their role in the induction of anti-DNA antibodies. METHODS Calf thymus DNA fragments of about 200 base pairs (bp) were covalently crosslinked with arginine under UV light. The amino acid was found to be covalently photoconjugated to DNA and resulted in the formation of a crosslink. The photoadduct was characterized by various physicochemical methods. RESULTS Photoaddition of arginine to 200 bp DNA rendered the nucleic acid conformer thermodynamically more stable than the native form. After systematic characterization of the photoadduct, it was used as an antigen for the generation of antibodies in experimental animals. The photoadducts were found to be immunogenic in rabbits, inducing high titre antibodies. The DNA-arginine photoadduct showed higher binding with SLE sera known to have high level of anti-DNA antibodies. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Naturally occurring anti-DNA autoantibodies were found to recognize DNA-arginine photoadduct. The recognition of DNA-arginine photoadduct by anti-DNA autoantibodies points to the role of modified DNA in the induction of anti-DNA antibodies in autoimmune disorders.
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Les aspects clinicobiologiques, histologiques et évolutifs des GNMP lupiques au Maroc. À propos de 50 observations. Rev Med Interne 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(02)80119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Anti-tumor agents for neuropathic pain: switching roles? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2001; 14:497-8. [PMID: 17019136 DOI: 10.1097/00001503-200110000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Failed sterilisation, a continuing problem for the gynaecologist? J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2001; 21:408-9. [PMID: 12521840 DOI: 10.1080/01443610120063748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility, methods and the primary results of utilizing music as a means of habilitation of children with cochlear implant. STUDY DESIGN A habilitation program based on music training is developed. The results are presented as a case-series. METHODS Music Training Program is introduced as a new habilitation program. Methods of training (based on Orff method) and measuring the outcomes are introduced in this paper. Effects of this program on other habilitation programs and overall hearing related skills of children were also investigated by open questioning of the parents and the habilitation staff. RESULTS Twenty-three children, (age: 2.5-12.5 years) were selected. All children showed appreciable progress in playing a musical instrument. The effects on other habilitation processes were significant and all parents expressed their satisfaction with the program, as they perceived its benefits. DISCUSSION The necessity of adding Music Training Program to the routine habilitation may be summarized as follows: Music is a feature of sound, which should be mastered. The psychological effects of being able to accomplish a hearing-related task can add to the self-esteem of children and help prevent and reduce anxiety. Music is a habilitation method: Introducing new concepts of sound, like temporal and frequency-related characteristics, is a crucial part of the habilitation of a child with cochlear implant. Practising new concepts needs motivation, too. We emphasize on using all means of rehabilitation and encourage teaching music to cochlear implant children between 4 and 5 years of age having approximately 4 months of experience with cochlear implant.
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Spontaneous hepatic rupture and maternal death following an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0306-5456(00)00087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
We studied the effects of a spicamycin derivative, KRN5500, on two animal models of neuropathic pain (Chung and Bennett models) and a nociceptive pain model by using Complete Freund's adjuvant. After the establishment of mechanical allodynia by using the previously mentioned models, a single intraperitoneal injection of KRN5500 produced significant attenuation of mechanical allodynia in both neuropathic pain models. However, this effect was not observed in rats that had a nociceptive injury (Complete Freund's adjuvant). Furthermore, this experimental drug did not alter the mechanical pain threshold (by using von Frey filament test) on normal, uninjured rats. We have demonstrated that KRN5500 may have value in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Abstract
We investigated the significance of pre-emptive analgesia using a well-known model of neuropathic pain in rats. Lignocaine, bupivacaine or saline was applied locally to the left L5-L6 spinal nerve before or 4 days after nerve injury. Mechanical allodynia was then evaluated before and after injury. Pre- and post-injury treatment with local anaesthetics both resulted in a two- to threefold increase in the pain threshold, as manifested by a significant increase in von Frey measurements. However, this effect lasted only 24 h. Our study in rats questions the beneficial effect of a single dose of local anaesthetic as pre-emptive analgesia.
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Abstract
The effect of hydroxyl radical, generated by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of hydrogen peroxide, on human placental DNA was monitored by UV spectroscopy, melting temperature studies, S1 nuclease digestibility and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. Immunological data indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) modified human DNA induced high titer antibodies. In ELISA, serum antibodies from various cancer patients showed a higher recognition of ROS-human DNA as compared to native DNA. Retarded mobility of the immune complex formed between IgG, isolated from cancer sera, and ROS-human DNA provided convincing evidence for antigen-antibody interaction. Oxidative lesions in DNA of cancer patients were probed using anti-ROS-human DNA IgG. DNA from cancer patients were found to inhibit anti-ROS-human DNA IgG activity in the range of 40% to 57%. These binding results indicate the presence of oxidative lesions in the cancer patient's genome.
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The anti-allodynic effects of amitriptyline, gabapentin, and lidocaine in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Anesth Analg 1998; 87:1360-6. [PMID: 9842827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The management of patients with neuropathic pain is challenging. There are only a few reports regarding the acute effects of the commonly used adjuvant drugs amitriptyline (AMI), gabapentin (GBP), and lidocaine (LDC) on neuropathic pain behaviors in animal models. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of AMI, GBP, and LDC on behavioral signs of mechanical allodynia and the site of action of these drugs using a rat model of neuropathic pain. Under general anesthesia with halothane, neuropathic injury was produced in rats by tightly ligating the left L5 and L6 spinal nerves. In Experiment 1, baseline mechanical allodynia data were recorded, and the animals were randomly divided into five groups: Group 1 received saline intraperitoneally (IP), Group 2 received AMI (1.5 mg/kg IP); Group 3 received GBP (50 mg/kg IP), Group 4 received an IV saline infusion for 10 min, and Group 5 received LDC (10-mg/kg IV infusion) for 10 min. Measurements of mechanical allodynia were repeated 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h and 1, 3, and 7 days after treatment. In Experiment 2, rats were prepared similarly to the first experiment, and a single unit activity of continuous discharges of injured afferent fibers was recorded from the left L5 fascicles before and until 1 h after treatment. All animals developed neuropathic pain behavior within 7 days after surgery. All three tested drugs were effective in increasing the threshold for mechanical allodynia as early as 30 min after treatment, and the effect lasted for at least 1 h. Furthermore, AMI and LDC reduced the rate of continuing discharges of injured afferent fibers, whereas GBP did not influence these discharges. Our findings clearly demonstrate an attenuation of neuropathic pain behavior in rats treated with AMI, GBP, or LDC. Finally, the site of action of LDC seems to be primarily in the periphery, and that of GBP is exclusively central, whereas that of AMI seems to have both peripheral and central components. IMPLICATIONS In the present study, we examined the effectiveness of three drugs commonly used for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Systemic injections of amitriptyline, gabapentin, or lidocaine produced pain-relieving effects in this established model for neuropathic pain in rats, which supports their clinical use in managing patients with neuropathic pain syndromes.
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Acute exacerbation of depression after discontinuation of monoamine oxidase inhibitor prior to cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 1996; 83:656-7. [PMID: 8780301 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199609000-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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41
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Abstract
We studied the effects of ibuprofen on bronchial blood flow and myocardial function after inhalation injury. Sheep (n = 12) were chronically instrumented with cardiovascular and pulmonary catheters. After 5 days of recovery period, baseline data were collected and the sheep were divided into two groups. Group S (n = 6) were insufflated with 48 breaths of cotton smoke; while group I (n = 6) were pretreated with ibuprofen (12mg/kg bolus followed by 3 mg/kg/h continuous infusion for 24 h) and challenged with the same dose of smoke. All the animals were studied for 24h. Bronchial blood flow increased significantly in both groups throughout the experimental period; while stroke volume as well as right and left ventricular stroke work indices of both groups were significantly decreased (group I worse than group S) in the second half of the experimental period. These data suggest that vasodilatory prostaglandins do not play a major role in the bronchial vascular response to smoke inhalation injury and myocardial depression seen post injury is worse in animals treated with ibuprofen.
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Mechanism of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor release in an ovine model of endotoxemia. CIRCULATORY SHOCK 1992; 38:34-41. [PMID: 1394862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported an increase in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in an ovine model of endotoxemia. The purpose of this study was to determine if this IR-ANF release was mediated by the increase of right atrial pressure (RAP) and right heart volumes concomitantly observed following endotoxin (LPS) administration. We studied right ventricular function, renal blood flow (RBF), urinary output (UO), urinary clearance of free water (CH20), urinary osmolality (UOSM), sodium excretion (UENA), and the plasma IR-ANF concentration (radioimmunoassay), following the administration of an E. coli LPS bolus (1 microgram/kg) with (group O, n = 8) and without (group E, n = 10) pretreatment with OKY-046, a selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. LPS induced early increases in RAP, right ventricular end-systolic (RVESV) and end-diastolic (RVEDV) volumes, heart rate (HR), and IR-ANF, and delayed increases in RBF, UO, and CH20. OKY-046 prevented the elevation of RAP, RVEDV, and RVESV; however, both groups showed virtually identical increases in IR-ANF (E: 20.03 +/- 3.8 to 192.33 +/- 35.47 pg/ml, O: 17.9 +/- 4.1 to 159.5 +/- 23 pg/ml) as well as an increase of HR, RBF, UO, and CH20. The increase in IR-ANF release noted following the administration of LPS in an ovine model does not appear to be related to the early elevations in right heart volumes or atrial distension.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS There is a marked decrease of the right ventricular ejection fraction after the administration of a bolus of endotoxin to sheep. This hemodynamic response may be the result of thromboxane-mediated pulmonary hypertension. Right ventricular function was studied in an ovine model after the administration of endotoxin (1 microgram/kg Escherichia coli) with and without pretreatment with OKY-046, a selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. RESULTS OKY-046 attenuated the endotoxin-induced increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and prevented the early decreases in right ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac output. However, thromboxane synthetase inhibition failed to prevent endotoxin-induced hypoxemia. The marked increase in plasma thromboxane concentrations, which is usually seen after the administration of endotoxin, was prevented by pretreating the animals with OKY-046. On the other hand, increased plasma prostacyclin concentrations were observed in sheep treated with the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. CONCLUSION This series of experiments shows that the early endotoxin-induced decrease in right ventricular ejection fraction can be alleviated by the application of OKY-046.
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Halothane markedly reduces mesenteric blood flow but does not impair gut mucosal oxygenation in pigs. Eur J Pharmacol 1991; 201:91-6. [PMID: 1794416 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90327-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of halothane on in mesenteric blood flow and gut mucosal oxygenation. Pittman-Moore mini-pigs (n = 6) were chronically instrumented with aortic, pulmonary arterial (Swan-Ganz), and mesenteric venous catheters and an intestinal tonometer. Blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery was measured with an ultrasonic flow probe. On the day of the experiment, data were obtained before and during halothane administration (1.5% end-tidal). Halothane caused a marked decrease in mesenteric blood flow, associated with an increase in mesenteric vascular resistance. Likewise mesenteric oxygen delivery and consumption were significantly decreased under halothane, while the oxygen extraction rate of the intestine was not significantly changed. There was no significant change in intramucosal gut pH after halothane administration, which indicates that an adequate mucosal tissue oxygenation was maintained. We conclude that the marked halothane-induced reduction in mesenteric blood flow did not seem to impair the oxygenation of the gut mucosa in our experimental model.
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Abstract
We investigated the contribution of the bronchial blood flow to the lung lymph flow (QL) and lung edema formation after inhalation injury in sheep (n = 18). The animals were equally divided into three groups and chronically prepared by implantation of cardiopulmonary catheters and a flow probe on the common bronchial artery. Groups 1 and 2 sheep were insufflated with 48 breaths of cotton smoke while group 3 received only room air. Just before injury, the bronchial artery of group 2 animals was occluded. The occlusion was maintained for the duration of the 24-h study period. At the end of the investigation, samples of lung were taken for determination of blood-free wet weight-to-dry weight ratio (W/D). Inhalation injury induced a sevenfold increase in QL in group 1 (7 +/- 1 to 50 +/- 9 ml/h; P less than 0.05) but only a threefold increase in group 2 (10 +/- 2 to 28 +/- 7 ml/h; P less than 0.05). The mean W/D value of group 1 animals was 23% higher than that of group 2 (5.1 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.9 +/- 0.2; P less than 0.05). Our data suggest that the bronchial circulation contributes to edema formation in the lung that is often seen after the acute lung injury with smoke inhalation.
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Inhalation injury to tracheal epithelium in an ovine model of cotton smoke exposure. Early phase (30 minutes). THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1990; 142:1436-9. [PMID: 2252264 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/142.6_pt_1.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate lung cell injury during the acute phase of smoke inhalation injury. A group of 10 sheep were anesthetized with halothane and pancuronium followed by endotracheal intubation. In the first experiment 5 sheep were given air (sham group) and 5 were insufflated with cooled cotton smoke with a modified bee smoker. In the second part of our study (Experiment 2) the animals were insufflated with the following number of smoke breaths: 1 x 12 (n = 3); 2 x 12 (n = 4); 3 x 12 (n = 4) 4 x 12 (n = 4); and sham control (n = 1). After 30 min the animals were killed with KCl and the trachea prepared for scanning, transmission electron, and light microscopy. Our initial observation with scanning electron microscopy revealed a large amount of mucus on the surface of the epithelia. Numerous ciliated cells had been sloughed from the epithelium and were observed on the surface of the remaining ciliated cells. The sloughed cells were intact, and the cilia remained on the apical cell surface. Light and transmission electron microscopy revealed that most goblet cells were in the process of extruding mucus. The cytoplasm of goblet and basal cells appeared normal. Ciliated cells had a slightly vesiculated cytoplasm, and many were in the process of being sloughed from the epithelial surface. In these cells desmosomal attachment had been separated. The light microscope evaluation of the tracheal epithelium showed there was no dose-dependent effect between the four treatment groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Determination of pulmonary microvascular reflection coefficient in sheep by venous occlusion. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1990; 69:2311-6. [PMID: 2077030 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1990.69.6.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We devised a technique that permitted elevation of pulmonary pressures in unanesthetized sheep by occluding their pulmonary veins. Using this technique, we raised pulmonary capillary pressure from a baseline of 13.2 +/- 2.2 to 35.3 +/- 5.1 mmHg. This increased lung lymph flow (from 8.8 +/- 2.7 to 53.1 +/- 13.9 ml/h). We estimated the pulmonary microvascular oncotic reflection coefficient and found it to be 0.82 +/- 0.05 (SD). The filtration coefficient was 0.019 +/- 0.005 ml.mmHg-1.min-1. During the period of increased pressure, the animals had stable arterial pressures and cardiac outputs. None of the animals developed blood coagulation problems. These data illustrate the usefulness of pulmonary venous occlusion to elevate pulmonary microvascular pressure to obtain plasma-to-lymph protein concentration ratios independent of flow, allowing for the calculation of the oncotic reflection coefficient.
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Time course of alterations in lung lymph and bronchial blood flows after inhalation injury. THE JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION 1990; 11:510-5. [PMID: 2286604 DOI: 10.1097/00004630-199011000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects of inhalation injury on the pulmonary microvascular fluid flux and bronchial blood flow were examined in a long-term study of sheep (N = 13). They were insufflated with either 48 breaths of cotton smoke (n = 8) or air (n = 5) while they were deeply anesthetized with halothane. After injury, anesthesia was discontinued and the animals were mechanically ventilated throughout the experimental period (24 hours). Bronchial blood flow increased significantly at all time points recorded and reached its peak 20 minutes after the inhalation trauma (11 +/- 1 ml/hr to 106 +/- 18 ml/hr; p less than 0.05). Thereafter, bronchial blood flow decreased to a value that was six to eight times above the baseline measurement for the remainder of the study period. With these changes in blood flow, there was a concomitant increase in lung lymph flow. This variable gradually increased and was 633% of the baseline value (6 +/- 1 ml/hr to 44 +/- 8 ml/hr) 24 hours after the challenge with smoke. The control animals showed little or no change in cardiopulmonary function during the experimental period. There is no correlation between the increase in bronchial blood flow and lung lymph flow patterns after cotton smoke inhalation injury.
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Abstract
Smoke inhalation increases bronchial blood flow (Qbr) and produces edema of the airway system. This study investigates whether the increased Qbr seen 24 h after inhalation injury can be affected by mechanical ventilation with PEEP (5, 10, 15 cm H2O). Sheep (n = 8) previously prepared with cardiopulmonary catheters and ultrasonic transit time flow probes mounted around their bronchial arteries were insufflated with four sets of 12 breaths each of cotton smoke. Different levels of PEEP were added to the mechanical ventilation 24 h after injury; each PEEP level was applied for 45 min. There were significant increases in Qbr and lung lymph flow (QL) associated with a marked decrease in bronchial vascular resistance (BVR) 24 h after injury. However, no change was observed in mean arterial pressure (MAP) or cardiac index (CI). There was a substantial reduction in PaO2/FIO2 (P/F), which indicated a deterioration in arterial oxygenation. The application of varying levels of PEEP decreased Qbr (p less than .05) while BVR increased (p less than .05), but QL and P/F did not. CI and MAP were recorded. After removal of PEEP, none of the cardiopulmonary variables were significantly different from their postsmoke control values. These findings suggest that mechanical ventilation with PEEP markedly decreases the smoke-induced hyperemia edema frequently seen after inhalation injury without any significant alterations in MAP or CI.
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