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Swarnakar R, Yadav SL. Giant molluscum contagiosum in a child with HIV. BMJ 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-069221.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Swarnakar R, Santra S, Yadav SL. Barriers to personal hygiene in persons with spinal cord injury during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: A rehabilitation perspective of two cases. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:2238-2240. [PMID: 35800516 PMCID: PMC9254801 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2271_21!] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Personal hygiene is the most important measure to prevent coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The pandemic has put persons with disabilities into various challenges. People with spinal cord injury (SCI) are facing these obstacles more because of their altered physiology and increased susceptibility to COVID-19. Through telerehabilitation, hurdles were identified in two paraplegic individuals, such as safe water sources, concerns regarding self-catheterization, increased dependence on care partner, hygiene of assistive aids/wheelchairs, availability of dressing materials for pressure injury dressing, and sanitary pads for menstrual hygiene. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first cases to describe hygiene concerns of SCI people during the COVID-19 pandemic and its rehabilitation implications. Considering the population with disabilities, we should improve access to primary care at the community level regarding personal hygiene. For a large population with disabilities such as SCI who are at risk, simple health education, awareness, and economic ways of hygienic practices can be a saviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raktim Swarnakar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Raktim Swarnakar, Senior Resident Doctor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi - 110 029, India. E-mail:
| | - Shreya Santra
- College of Nursing, R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S. L. Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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Swarnakar R, Santra S, Yadav SL. Fracture in a Person with Spinal Cord Injury with Heterotopic Ossification due to Improper Exercise in Pandemic: A Case Report. J Clin Diagn Res 2022. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2022/52258.15870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fractures following inappropriate exercises are rarely reported in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) population. During pandemic, physical inactivity and barriers to access to rehabilitation facility are conspicuous. Authors report a case of 23-year-old male with femur fracture following improper exercise and its interrelationship with Heterotopic Ossification (HO) and impact of pandemic. Patient reported with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) grade C tetraplegia, presented with operated left femur shaft fracture following care-partner administered sudden improper exercise. X-ray of left hip and femur revealed HO around left hip joint and intramedullary nailing of shaft of femur. Routine rehabilitation protocol for SCI was followed especially focusing on safety home-exercise precaution program during pandemic time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of long bone fracture in a person with SCI following improper exercise which is influence by pandemic situation. Here, authors described the causation of fracture in perspective of the vicious cycle of HO, improper exercise and pandemic impact. Further studies are required to find out appropriate precautionary guidelines regarding exercise during pandemic times for people with SCI.
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Sahu S, Taraphdar P, Vasudeva A, Sheikh N, Bharti A, Chanu A, Yadav SL. Understanding health care seeking behavior in a tribal setting in West Bengal. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:1443-1449. [PMID: 35516720 PMCID: PMC9067189 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1363_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The health-related problems of the tribal population depend on their ecology and culture. Often the tribal people do not utilize the medical and preventive health services available to them. Health problems in tribal groups need special attention because many tribal communities are backward. The current study was planned to determine the healthcare-seeking behavior of the tribal population in India. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted by interviewing key respondents of each participating family. Result: Two-thirds of the key respondents were literate and half (53.8%) of the total households in the three villages had a per capita monthly income between Rupees 500-1499. More than half (57%) of all respondents preferred government institutions for moderate illness, and the rest equally opted for private practitioners and quacks. However, for emergencies, dog bites, and snake bites, all key respondents in the three study villages unanimously preferred government institutions. A significant population (38.5%) got their children delivered at home. The majority of illiterate respondents (86.1%) preferred government institutions for health care of under-five children, while 60% of literates expressed a similar view. The choice of government institutions as a source of health care was increasingly favored with decreasing per capita monthly household income. Conclusion: Traditional healers are no longer preferred among the tribal population but they are reluctant to avail them because of the loss of valuable time. Home delivery is still prevalent. With improving socioeconomic status, people are going further away from government services as private practitioners, and quacks take less time.
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Swarnakar R, Santra S, Yadav SL. Barriers to personal hygiene in persons with spinal cord injury during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: A rehabilitation perspective of two cases. J Family Med Prim Care 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2271_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Choudhary A, Sahu S, Vasudeva A, Sheikh NA, Venkataraman S, Handa G, Wadhwa S, Singh U, Gamanagati S, Yadav SL. Comparing Effectiveness of Combination of Collagen Peptide Type-1, Low Molecular Weight Chondroitin Sulphate, Sodium Hyaluronate, and Vitamin-C Versus Oral Diclofenac Sodium in Achilles Tendinopathy: A Prospective Randomized Control Trial. Cureus 2021; 13:e19737. [PMID: 34812335 PMCID: PMC8603329 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Achilles tendinopathy, a common cause of heel pain, is primarily considered mechanical in origin, but its pathogenesis and treatment lack consensus. Molecules such as collagen peptide type-1, low molecular weight chondroitin sulphate, sodium hyaluronate and vitamin C have been shown to act as building blocks of tendon structure, and oral supplementation of these have promising results in Achilles tendinopathy. Methods This study was a prospective randomized control trial to compare the effectiveness of oral diclofenac sodium versus a nutraceutical combination of collagen peptide type-1, chondroitin sulphate, sodium hyaluronate, and vitamin C in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy on pain and ultrasonographic structures. A total of 40 patients satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly allocated into two groups and were given the nutraceutical combination in group A and diclofenac sodium in group B. The patient evaluation was done at baseline, six-week, and 12-week intervals in terms of VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) and tendo-Achilles thickness by ultrasound. Results Both nutraceutical combination and diclofenac reduced pain in persons with Achilles tendinopathy. The nutraceutical combination had a statistically significant better outcome in reducing pain at the end of 12 weeks. On ultrasound, both the interventions reduced Achilles tendon anteroposterior and mediolateral thickness by the end of 12 weeks. Although there was no absolute significant intergroup difference, the percentage change was more in the nutraceutical group in the case of anteroposterior thickness. Conclusion Combining collagen peptide type-1, low molecular weight chondroitin sulphate, sodium hyaluronate, and vitamin C is more effective than oral diclofenac in controlling pain in Achilles tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Choudhary
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Jodhpur, IND
| | - Samantak Sahu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Jodhpur, IND
| | - Abhimanyu Vasudeva
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - Nishat Ahmed Sheikh
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, IND
| | - Srikumar Venkataraman
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Gita Handa
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Sanjay Wadhwa
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Upinderpal Singh
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Jaipur, IND
| | | | - S L Yadav
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
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Chhabra HS, Yelamarthy PKK, Moolya SN, Erli HJ, Theron F, Abel R, Haak M, Tuli S, Yadav SL, Hoque MF. Development and validation of a simplified thoracolumbar spine fracture classification system. Spinal Cord 2021; 59:1268-1277. [PMID: 34580417 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-021-00706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Development and validation of fracture classification system. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a Simplified Classification System (SCS) for Thoraco-Lumbar (TL) fractures (SCS - TL fractures). SETTING Tertiary Spinal Injuries Centre, New Delhi, India METHODS: Based on the International Spinal Cord Society Spine Trauma Study Group (ISCoS STSG, n = 23) experts' clinical consensus conducted by the senior author and on his own experience, the Denis classification for TL fractures was modified to develop a SCS-TL fractures that could guide the management. After Face and Content validation, Construct validation was done in two stages. First stage analyzed if management of 30 cases of TL fractures, as suggested by the SCS - TL fractures and ISCoS STSG (n = 9) as well as other (n = 5) experts, matched. Second stage was a one year prospective study analyzing if the management suggested matched the management actually carried out by different spine surgeons (n = 10) working at a single institution. RESULTS In the first stage there was 100% agreement for management (conservative or surgical) as proposed by experts and that suggested by the proposed classification for TL fractures whereas for surgical approach there was 88% agreement. In the second stage, there was 100% agreement for the management as well as surgical approach as carried out at our centre and that proposed by the SCS for TL fractures. CONCLUSIONS The proposed SCS-TL fractures helps in classifying and in decision making for management of TL fractures. The next phase of validation would involve multicentric reliability studies and prospective application of the SCS- TL fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvinder Singh Chhabra
- Chief of Spine Services & Medical Director, Indian Spinal Injuries Center Sector - C, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | - Hans Josef Erli
- Ret. Director of the Department of Spine Surgery, Vivantes Humboldt Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francois Theron
- Lecturer in Orthopedics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rainer Abel
- Doctor of Medicine, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Orthopedic Surgery, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Haak
- Chief, Orthopaedic Spine Surgery, Director, Orthopaedic Spine Fellowship, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Sagun Tuli
- Spine Neurosurgeon, Head Florida Spinal Surgery Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - S L Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Fazlul Hoque
- Senior Consultant Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery Square Hospitals Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Hazra S, Venkataraman S, Handa G, Yadav SL, Wadhwa S, Singh U, Kochhar KP, Deepak KK, Sarkar K. A Cross-Sectional Study on Central Sensitization and Autonomic Changes in Fibromyalgia. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:788. [PMID: 32848561 PMCID: PMC7417433 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a multi-symptomatic disorder characterized by generalized pain. The pathophysiology of fibromyalgia is supposedly an interplay between central nervous system hyper-responsiveness, autonomic dysfunction, and peripheral pain. In this cross-sectional study, the objective was to assess central sensitization and autonomic activity in patients with fibromyalgia compared with control. Fifty adults diagnosed with fibromyalgia by the modified American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls participated in the study in an urban tertiary care hospital. Central sensitization was assessed by history and by evidence of increased prefrontal cortical activity as measured by cortical oxygenation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Autonomic activity was assessed by heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, and deep breathing test in three physiological states: rest, sympathetic stress (cold pressor test), and deep breathing. Mann–Whitney U-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Friedman test with Bonferroni a priori were used to analyze the data. Cortical activity was significantly higher in the fibromyalgia group than control. There was no significant difference in autonomic activity between the fibromyalgia and control groups. In the fibromyalgia group, variable degrees of sympathetic hyperactivity and normal parasympathetic activity were observed. Central sensitization may be playing a primary role in the pathophysiology of generalized pain in fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Hazra
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Srikumar Venkataraman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gita Handa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S L Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Wadhwa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - U Singh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K P Kochhar
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K K Deepak
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
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Neyaz O, Vasudeva A, Yadav SL. Maintaining ‘V-Contour’ of the Neck after Surgery for Neglected Congenital Muscular Torticollis in an Adult (A New Technique). J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/38116.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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P. B. S, Khakha DC, Mahajan S, Gupta S, Agarwal M, Yadav SL. Effect of cryotherapy on arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients. Indian J Nephrol 2008; 18:155-8. [PMID: 20142927 PMCID: PMC2813537 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.45290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain during areteriovenous fistula (AVF) cannulation remains a common problem in hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of cryotherapy on pain due to arteriovenous fistula puncture in hemodialysis patients. A convenience sample of 60 patients (30 each in experimental and control groups) who were undergoing hemodialysis by using AVF, was assessed in a randomized control trial. Hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups using a randomization table. Objective and subjective pain scoring was done on two consecutive days of HD treatment (with cryotherapy for the experimental and without cryotherapy for the control group). The tools used were a questionnaire examining demographic and clinical characteristics, an observation checklist for assessing objective pain behavior, and a numerical rating scale for subjective pain assessment. Descriptive statistics were used as deemed appropriate. Chi square, two-sample and paired t-tests, the Mann Whitney test, Wilcoxon's signed rank test, the Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearman's and Pearson's correlations were used for inferential statistics. We found that the objective and subjective pain scores were found to be significantly (P = 0.001) reduced within the experimental group with the application of cryotherapy. This study highlights the need for adopting alternative therapies such as cryotherapy for effective pain management in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabitha P. B.
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
| | - D. C. Khakha
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
| | - S. Mahajan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
| | - S. Gupta
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
| | - M. Agarwal
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
| | - S. L. Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
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Abstract
A case of Morgagni Stewart Morel syndrome with progressive depression in frontal bone, headache, transient monoparesis, obesity; imbalance, neuropsychiatric symptoms and recurrent disc prolapse with absent right radial pulse is discussed. This syndrome was first mentioned 235 years back, but till now exact pathology is not known. Balance assessment using dynamic posturography was done, which revealed abnormal vestibular function. To our knowledge this is the first case examined for Dynamic Posturography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Nallegowda
- Dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110-029, India.
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Yadav SL, Saha PK, Singh KK. Role of computers in care of disabled. J Acad Hosp Adm 1994; 6:21-6. [PMID: 10537993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S L Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Abstract
In the present series 116 cases of spastic cerebral palsy were selected; in whom perineal care and ambulation was affected. These cases were given peripheral nerve block (obturator 110, posterior tibial 134 and median nerve 2) with 6% aqueous phenol solution. The block relieved the spastic condition, allowed better nursing care, freed the patient from the embarrassment of a contorted limb, allowed voluntary movement to take place and eased in fitment of caliper to aid further ambulation. The period of effectiveness ranged from 3 months to 18 months, with an average of 13 months. Paraesthesia occurred following 5 nerve blocks. Eleven nerve blocks had to be repeated. Ease, simplicity, safety, therapeutic benefits and economic advantages of peripheral nerve block using phenol in cerebral palsy warrant its more widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Yadav
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Yadav SL, Singh KK. Rehabilitation medicine: need for an integral approach. J Acad Hosp Adm 1993; 5:13-7. [PMID: 10172239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S L Yadav
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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